{"pageNumber":"1372","pageRowStart":"34275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165446,"records":[{"id":70185705,"text":"70185705 - 2014 - Resolving terrestrial ecosystem processes along a subgrid topographic gradient for an earth-system model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T09:58:08","indexId":"70185705","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resolving terrestrial ecosystem processes along a subgrid topographic gradient for an earth-system model","docAbstract":"<p><span>Soil moisture is a crucial control on surface water and energy fluxes, vegetation, and soil carbon cycling. Earth-system models (ESMs) generally represent an areal-average soil-moisture state in gridcells at scales of 50–200 km and as a result are not able to capture the nonlinear effects of topographically-controlled subgrid heterogeneity in soil moisture, in particular where wetlands are present. We addressed this deficiency by building a subgrid representation of hillslope-scale topographic gradients, TiHy (Tiled-hillslope Hydrology), into the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) land model (LM3). LM3-TiHy models one or more representative hillslope geometries for each gridcell by discretizing them into land model tiles hydrologically coupled along an upland-to-lowland gradient. Each tile has its own surface fluxes, vegetation, and vertically-resolved state variables for soil physics and biogeochemistry. LM3-TiHy simulates a gradient in soil moisture and water-table depth between uplands and lowlands in each gridcell. Three hillslope hydrological regimes appear in non-permafrost regions in the model: wet and poorly-drained, wet and well-drained, and dry; with large, small, and zero wetland area predicted, respectively. Compared to the untiled LM3 in stand-alone experiments, LM3-TiHy simulates similar surface energy and water fluxes in the gridcell-mean. However, in marginally wet regions around the globe, LM3-TiHy simulates shallow groundwater in lowlands, leading to higher evapotranspiration, lower surface temperature, and higher leaf area compared to uplands in the same gridcells. Moreover, more than four-fold larger soil carbon concentrations are simulated globally in lowlands as compared with uplands. We compared water-table depths to those simulated by a recent global model-observational synthesis, and we compared wetland and inundated areas diagnosed from the model to observational datasets. The comparisons demonstrate that LM3-TiHy has the capability to represent some of the controls of these hydrological variables, but also that improvement in parameterization and input datasets are needed for more realistic simulations. We found large sensitivity in model-diagnosed wetland and inundated area to the depth of conductive soil and the parameterization of macroporosity. With improved parameterization and inclusion of peatland biogeochemical processes, the model could provide a new approach to investigating the vulnerability of Boreal peatland carbon to climate change in ESMs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/hessd-11-8443-2014","usgsCitation":"Subin, Z., Milly, P., Sulman, B.N., Malyshev, S., and Shevliakova, E., 2014, Resolving terrestrial ecosystem processes along a subgrid topographic gradient for an earth-system model: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 11, p. 8443-8492, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-8443-2014.","productDescription":"50 p.","startPage":"8443","endPage":"8492","ipdsId":"IP-056981","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-8443-2014","text":"External Repository"},{"id":338439,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58db7631e4b0ee37af29e4a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Subin, Z M","contributorId":189918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Subin","given":"Z M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milly, Paul C.D. 0000-0003-4389-3139 cmilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-3139","contributorId":2119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"Paul C.D.","email":"cmilly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":686472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sulman, B N","contributorId":189919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sulman","given":"B","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malyshev, Sergey","contributorId":189177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malyshev","given":"Sergey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shevliakova, E","contributorId":189920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shevliakova","given":"E","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70150413,"text":"70150413 - 2014 - Environmental variables measured at multiple spatial scales exert uneven influence on fish assemblages of floodplain lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-24T14:29:49","indexId":"70150413","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental variables measured at multiple spatial scales exert uneven influence on fish assemblages of floodplain lakes","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined the interaction between environmental variables measured at three different scales (i.e., landscape, lake, and in-lake) and fish assemblage descriptors across a range of over 50 floodplain lakes in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Mississippi and Arkansas. Our goal was to identify important local- and landscape-level determinants of fish assemblage structure. Relationships between fish assemblage structure and variables measured at broader scales (i.e., landscape-level and lake-level) were hypothesized to be stronger than relationships with variables measured at finer scales (i.e., in-lake variables). Results suggest that fish assemblage structure in floodplain lakes was influenced by variables operating on three different scales. However, and contrary to expectations, canonical correlations between in-lake environmental characteristics and fish assemblage structure were generally stronger than correlations between landscape-level and lake-level variables and fish assemblage structure, suggesting a hierarchy of influence. From a resource management perspective, our study suggests that landscape-level and lake-level variables may be manipulated for conservation or restoration purposes, and in-lake variables and fish assemblage structure may be used to monitor the success of such efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-013-1655-x","usgsCitation":"Dembkowski, D., and Miranda, L.E., 2014, Environmental variables measured at multiple spatial scales exert uneven influence on fish assemblages of floodplain lakes: Hydrobiologia, v. 721, no. 1, p. 129-144, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-013-1655-x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"144","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040672","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302305,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Alluvial Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.5655517578125,\n              32.49586350791503\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5655517578125,\n              34.985003130171066\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.1318359375,\n              34.985003130171066\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.1318359375,\n              32.49586350791503\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5655517578125,\n              32.49586350791503\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"721","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558bd4b6e4b0b6d21dd652f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dembkowski, Daniel J.","contributorId":78237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dembkowski","given":"Daniel J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156247,"text":"70156247 - 2014 - Modeling structured population dynamics using data from unmarked individuals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T15:08:48","indexId":"70156247","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling structured population dynamics using data from unmarked individuals","docAbstract":"<p><span>The study of population dynamics requires unbiased, precise estimates of abundance and vital rates that account for the demographic structure inherent in all wildlife and plant populations. Traditionally, these estimates have only been available through approaches that rely on intensive mark&ndash;recapture data. We extended recently developed&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><span>-mixture models to demonstrate how demographic parameters and abundance can be estimated for structured populations using only stage-structured count data. Our modeling framework can be used to make reliable inferences on abundance as well as recruitment, immigration, stage-specific survival, and detection rates during sampling. We present a range of simulations to illustrate the data requirements, including the number of years and locations necessary for accurate and precise parameter estimates. We apply our modeling framework to a population of northern dusky salamanders (</span><i>Desmognathus fuscus</i><span>) in the mid-Atlantic region (USA) and find that the population is unexpectedly declining. Our approach represents a valuable advance in the estimation of population dynamics using multistate data from unmarked individuals and should additionally be useful in the development of integrated models that combine data from intensive (e.g., mark&ndash;recapture) and extensive (e.g., counts) data sources.</span><br /><span><br /></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-1131.1","usgsCitation":"Grant, E., Zipkin, E., Thorson, J.T., See, K., Lynch, H., Kanno, Y., Chandler, R., Letcher, B., and Royle, J., 2014, Modeling structured population dynamics using data from unmarked individuals: Ecology, v. 95, no. 1, p. 22-29, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1131.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062557","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1131.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306825,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306774,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/13-1131.1"}],"volume":"95","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305b7e4b0518e35468d0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grant, Evan H. Campbell ehgrant@usgs.gov","contributorId":146545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan H. Campbell","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zipkin, Elise ezipkin@usgs.gov","contributorId":470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zipkin","given":"Elise","email":"ezipkin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":568343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thorson, James T.","contributorId":146580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thorson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"See, Kevin","contributorId":146581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"See","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lynch, Heather J.","contributorId":23824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Heather J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kanno, Yoichiro ykanno@usgs.gov","contributorId":4876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanno","given":"Yoichiro","email":"ykanno@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":568347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chandler, Richard rchandler@usgs.gov","contributorId":2511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Richard","email":"rchandler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13266,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin H. 0000-0003-0191-5678 bletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":2864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin H.","email":"bletcher@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew aroyle@usgs.gov","contributorId":138860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70189086,"text":"70189086 - 2014 - Science applications of a multispectral microscopic imager for the astrobiological exploration of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T15:13:47","indexId":"70189086","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":912,"text":"Astrobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Science applications of a multispectral microscopic imager for the astrobiological exploration of Mars","docAbstract":"<p><span>Future astrobiological missions to Mars are likely to emphasize the use of rovers with&nbsp;</span><i>in situ</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>petrologic capabilities for selecting the best samples at a site for<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>in situ</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>analysis with onboard lab instruments or for caching for potential return to Earth. Such observations are central to an understanding of the potential for past habitable conditions at a site and for identifying samples most likely to harbor fossil biosignatures. The Multispectral Microscopic Imager (MMI) provides multispectral reflectance images of geological samples at the microscale, where each image pixel is composed of a visible/shortwave infrared spectrum ranging from 0.46 to 1.73 </span><i>μ</i><span>m. This spectral range enables the discrimination of a wide variety of rock-forming minerals, especially Fe-bearing phases, and the detection of hydrated minerals. The MMI advances beyond the capabilities of current microimagers on Mars by extending the spectral range into the infrared and increasing the number of spectral bands. The design employs multispectral light-emitting diodes and an uncooled indium gallium arsenide focal plane array to achieve a very low mass and high reliability. To better understand and demonstrate the capabilities of the MMI for future surface missions to Mars, we analyzed samples from Mars-relevant analog environments with the MMI. Results indicate that the MMI images faithfully resolve the fine-scale microtextural features of samples and provide important information to help constrain mineral composition. The use of spectral endmember mapping reveals the distribution of Fe-bearing minerals (including silicates and oxides) with high fidelity, along with the presence of hydrated minerals. MMI-based petrogenetic interpretations compare favorably with laboratory-based analyses, revealing the value of the MMI for future<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>in situ</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>rover-mediated astrobiological exploration of Mars.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","doi":"10.1089/ast.2013.1079","usgsCitation":"Nunez, J., Farmer, J., Sellar, R.G., Swayze, G.A., and Blaney, D.L., 2014, Science applications of a multispectral microscopic imager for the astrobiological exploration of Mars: Astrobiology, v. 14, no. 2, p. 132-169, https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2013.1079.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"132","endPage":"169","ipdsId":"IP-043167","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3929460","text":"External Repository"},{"id":343169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611c2e4b0d1f9f05067b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nunez, Jorge","contributorId":193980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nunez","given":"Jorge","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farmer, Jack","contributorId":193981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farmer","given":"Jack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sellar, R. Glenn","contributorId":193982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sellar","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Glenn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swayze, Gregg A. 0000-0002-1814-7823 gswayze@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"Gregg","email":"gswayze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blaney, Diana L.","contributorId":170055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blaney","given":"Diana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":25664,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":702812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70156245,"text":"70156245 - 2014 - Stream water temperature limits occupancy of salamanders in mid-Atlantic protected areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-10T16:55:27.401072","indexId":"70156245","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stream water temperature limits occupancy of salamanders in mid-Atlantic protected areas","docAbstract":"<p>Stream ecosystems are particularly sensitive to urbanization, and tolerance of water-quality parameters is likely important to population persistence of stream salamanders. Forecasted climate and landscape changes may lead to significant changes in stream flow, chemical composition, and temperatures in coming decades. Protected areas where landscape alterations are minimized will therefore become increasingly important for salamander populations. We surveyed 29 streams at three national parks in the highly urbanized greater metropolitan area of Washington, DC. We investigated relationships among water-quality variables and occupancy of three species of stream salamanders (<i>Desmognathus fuscus</i>, <i>Eurycea bislineata</i>, and <i>Pseudotriton ruber</i>). With the use of a set of site-occupancy models, and accounting for imperfect detection, we found that stream-water temperature limits salamander occupancy. There was substantial uncertainty about the effects of the other water-quality variables, although both specific conductance (SC) and pH were included in competitive models. Our estimates of occupancy suggest that temperature, SC, and pH have some importance in structuring stream salamander distribution.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.1670/12-138","usgsCitation":"Grant, E., Wiewel, A., and Rice, K.C., 2014, Stream water temperature limits occupancy of salamanders in mid-Atlantic protected areas: Journal of Herpetology, v. 48, no. 1, p. 45-50, https://doi.org/10.1670/12-138.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"50","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061664","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake and 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,{"id":70188813,"text":"70188813 - 2014 - Uranium–Lead dating, opal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T12:52:01","indexId":"70188813","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Uranium–Lead dating, opal","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of scientific dating methods","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-6326-5_263-1","usgsCitation":"Neymark, L., 2014, Uranium–Lead dating, opal, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of scientific dating methods, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6326-5_263-1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-051885","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342967,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536eaee4b062508e3c7ab1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neymark, Leonid A. 0000-0003-4190-0278 lneymark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":140338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"Leonid A.","email":"lneymark@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70187410,"text":"70187410 - 2014 - Applying threshold concepts to conservation management of dryland ecosystems: Case studies on the Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-02T10:37:46","indexId":"70187410","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Applying threshold concepts to conservation management of dryland ecosystems: Case studies on the Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecosystems may occupy functionally distinct alternative states, some of which are more or less desirable from a management standpoint. Transitions from state to state are usually associated with a particular trigger or sequence of triggers, such as the addition or subtraction of a disturbance. Transitions are often not linear, rather it is common to see an abrupt transition come about even though the trigger increases only incrementally; these are examples of threshold behaviors. An ideal monitoring program, such as the National Park Service’s Inventory and Monitoring Program, would quantify triggers, and be able to inform managers when measurements of a trigger are approaching a threshold so that management action can avoid an unwanted state transition. Unfortunately, both triggers and the threshold points at which state transitions occur are generally only partially known. Using case studies, we advance a general procedure to help identify triggers and estimate where threshold dynamics may occur. Our procedure is as follows: (1) Operationally define the ecosystem type being considered; we suggest that the ecological site concept of the Natural Resource Conservation Service is a useful system, (2) Using all available a priori knowledge to develop a state-and-transition model (STM), which defines possible ecosystem states, plausible transitions among them and likely triggers, (3) Validate the STM by verifying the existence of its states to the greatest degree possible, (4) Use the STM model to identify transitions and triggers likely to be detectable by a monitoring program, and estimate to the greatest degree possible the value of a measurable indicator of a trigger at the point that a state transition is imminent (tipping point), and values that may indicate when management intervention should be considered (assessment points). We illustrate two different methods for attaining these goals using a data-rich case study in Canyonlands National Park, and a data-poor case study in Wupatki National Monument. In the data-rich case, STMs are validated and revised, and tipping and assessment points are estimated using statistical analysis of data. In the data-poor case, we develop an iterative expert opinion survey approach to validate the degree of confidence in an STM, revise the model, identify lack of confidence in specific model components, and create reasonable first approximations of tipping and assessment points, which can later be refined when more data are available. Our goal should be to develop the best set of models possible given the level of information available to support decisions, which is often not much. The approach presented here offers a flexible means of achieving this goal, and determining specific research areas in need of study.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Application of threshold concepts in natural resource decision making","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4899-8041-0_7","isbn":"978-1-4899-8040-3","usgsCitation":"Bowker, M.A., Miller, M.E., Garman, S.L., and Belote, T., 2014, Applying threshold concepts to conservation management of dryland ecosystems: Case studies on the Colorado Plateau, chap. <i>of</i> Application of threshold concepts in natural resource decision making, p. 101-130, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8041-0_7.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"130","ipdsId":"IP-022672","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340726,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59099ab1e4b0fc4e44915812","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693915,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A. mbowker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew","email":"mbowker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":693911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Mark E.","contributorId":91580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6959,"text":"National Park Service Southeast Utah Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garman, Steven L. 0000-0002-9032-9074 slgarman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-9074","contributorId":3741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garman","given":"Steven","email":"slgarman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belote, Travis","contributorId":191702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belote","given":"Travis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70059783,"text":"70059783 - 2014 - Triggered aseismic slip adjacent to the 6 February 2013 Mw 8.0 Santa Cruz Islands megathrust earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T15:07:36","indexId":"70059783","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-31T14:57:45","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Triggered aseismic slip adjacent to the 6 February 2013 Mw 8.0 Santa Cruz Islands megathrust earthquake","docAbstract":"Aseismic or slow slip events have been observed in many subduction zones, but whether they affect the occurrence of earthquakes or result from stress changes caused by nearby events is unclear. In an area lacking direct geodetic observations, inferences can be made from seismological studies of co-seismic slip, associated stress changes and the spatiotemporal nature of aftershocks. These observations indicate that the February 2013 Mw 8.0 Santa Cruz Islands earthquake may have triggered slow or aseismic slip on an adjacent section of the subduction thrust over the following hours to days. This aseismic event was equivalent to Mw 7.6, significantly larger than any earthquakes in the aftershock sequence. The aseismic slip was situated within the seismogenic portion of the subduction interface, and must have occurred to the south of the main seismic slip and most aftershocks in order to promote right-lateral faulting in the upper plate, the dominant deformation style of the aftershock sequence. This plate boundary segment can support either stable sliding (aseismic) or stick-slip (seismic) deformation in response to different driving conditions. The complete lack of aftershocks on the thrust interface implies this pair of megathrust slip episodes (seismic and aseismic) released a substantial portion of the stored strain on the northernmost section of the Vanuatu subduction zone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam; New York","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2013.11.010","usgsCitation":"Hayes, G., Furlong, K.P., Benz, H.M., and Herman, M.W., 2014, Triggered aseismic slip adjacent to the 6 February 2013 Mw 8.0 Santa Cruz Islands megathrust earthquake: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 388, p. 265-272, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.11.010.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"272","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-052745","costCenters":[{"id":415,"text":"National Earthquake Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281050,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281045,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.11.010"}],"country":"Solomon Islands","otherGeospatial":"Santa Cruz Islands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 159.0,-18.0 ], [ 159.0,-8.0 ], [ 169.0,-8.0 ], [ 169.0,-18.0 ], [ 159.0,-18.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"388","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd79ade4b0b2908510cfd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":6157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Furlong, Kevin P. 0000-0002-2674-5110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-5110","contributorId":19576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Furlong","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herman, Matthew W. mherman@usgs.gov","contributorId":5337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"Matthew","email":"mherman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70136249,"text":"70136249 - 2014 - Change-in-ratio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-13T15:52:47","indexId":"70136249","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Change-in-ratio","docAbstract":"Change-in-ratio (CIR) methods are used to estimate parameters for ecological populations subject to differential removals from population subclasses. Subclasses can be defined according to criteria such as sex, age, or size of individuals. Removals are generally in the form of closely monitored sport or commercial harvests. Estimation is based on observed changes in subclass proportions caused by the removals.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Environmetrics","language":"English","publisher":"Encyclopedia of Environmetrics","doi":"10.1002/9780470057339.vac015m.pub2","usgsCitation":"Udevitz, M.S., 2014, Change-in-ratio, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of Environmetrics, v. 2, p. 372-374, https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470057339.vac015m.pub2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"372","endPage":"374","ipdsId":"IP-030888","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5940f9b5e4b0764e6c63eadc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70059774,"text":"70059774 - 2014 - Toxicokinetics and coagulopathy threshold of the rodenticide diphacinone in eastern screech-owls (Megascops asio)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:39:08","indexId":"70059774","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-30T10:50:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicokinetics and coagulopathy threshold of the rodenticide diphacinone in eastern screech-owls (Megascops asio)","docAbstract":"In the United States, new regulations on second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides will likely be offset by expanded use of first-generation anticoagulant rodenticides. In the present study, eastern screech-owls (Megascops asio) were fed 10 µg diphacinone/g wet weight food for 7 d, and recovery was monitored over a 21-d postexposure period. By day 3 of exposure, diphacinone (DPN) was detected in liver (1.63 µg/g wet wt) and kidney (5.83 µg/g) and coagulopathy was apparent. By day 7, prothrombin time (PT) and Russell's viper venom time (RVVT) were prolonged, and some individuals were anemic. Upon termination of exposure, coagulopathy and anemia were resolved within 4 d, and residues decreased to <0.3 µg/g by day 7. Liver and kidney DPN elimination occurred in 2 phases (initial rapid loss, followed by slower loss rate), with overall half-lives of 11.7 d and 2.1 d, respectively. Prolonged PT and RVVT occurred in 10% of the exposed owls with liver DPN concentrations of 0.122 µg/g and 0.282 µg/g and in 90% of the owls with liver concentrations of 0.638 µg/g and 0.361 µg/g. These liver residue levels associated with coagulopathy fall in the range of values reported in raptor mortality incidents involving DPN. These tissue-based toxicity reference values for coagulopathy in adult screech-owls have application for interpreting nontarget mortality and assessing the hazard of DPN in rodent-control operations. Diphacinone exposure evokes toxicity in raptors within a matter of days; but once exposure is terminated, recovery of hemostasis occurs rapidly","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1002/etc.2390","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B.A., Horak, K., Lazarus, R.S., Goldade, D., and Johnston, J.J., 2014, Toxicokinetics and coagulopathy threshold of the rodenticide diphacinone in eastern screech-owls (Megascops asio): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 33, no. 1, p. 74-81, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2390.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"74","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-052516","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280552,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280533,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2390"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c2960be4b040b25da9040f","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/etc.2390","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2390","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Rattner Barnett A., Horak Katherine E., Lazarus Rebecca S., Goldade David A., Johnston John J.","journalName":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","publicationDate":"12/3/2013","auditedOn":"3/24/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horak, K.E.","contributorId":63713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horak","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lazarus, Rebecca S. 0000-0003-1731-6469 rlazarus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-6469","contributorId":5594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazarus","given":"Rebecca","email":"rlazarus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldade, D.A.","contributorId":94206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldade","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnston, J. J.","contributorId":17339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70059772,"text":"70059772 - 2014 - Hydrologic connectivity of floodplains, northern Missouri: implications for management and restoration of floodplain forest communities in disturbed landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T14:35:52","indexId":"70059772","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-30T10:21:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic connectivity of floodplains, northern Missouri: implications for management and restoration of floodplain forest communities in disturbed landscapes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrologic connectivity between the channel and floodplain is thought to be a dominant factor determining floodplain processes and characteristics of floodplain forests. We explored the role of hydrologic connectivity in explaining floodplain forest community composition along streams in northern Missouri, USA. Hydrologic analyses at 20 streamgages (207–5827 km</span><sup>2</sup><span> area) document that magnitudes of 2-year return floods increase systematically with increasing drainage area whereas the average annual number and durations of floodplain-connecting events decrease. Flow durations above the active-channel shelf vary little with increasing drainage area, indicating that the active-channel shelf is in quasi-equilibrium with prevailing conditions. The downstream decrease in connectivity is associated with downstream increase in channel incision. These relations at streamflow gaging stations are consistent with regional channel disturbance patterns: channel incision increases downstream, whereas upstream reaches have either not incised or adjusted to incision by forming new equilibrium floodplains. These results provide a framework to explain landscape-scale variations in composition of floodplain forest communities in northern Missouri. Faust (</span><a class=\"link__reference js-link__reference\" title=\"Link to bibliographic citation\" rel=\"references:#rra2636-bib-0012\" href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rra.2636/abstract#rra2636-bib-0012\" data-mce-href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rra.2636/abstract#rra2636-bib-0012\">2006</a><span>) had tentatively explained increases of flood-dependent tree species, and decreases of species diversity, with a downstream increase in flood magnitude and duration. Because frequency and duration of floodplain-connecting events do not increase downstream, we hypothesize instead that increases in relative abundance of flood-dependent trees at larger drainage area result from increasing size of disturbance patches. Bank-overtopping floods at larger drainage area create large, open, depositional landforms that promoted the regeneration of shade-intolerant species. Higher tree species diversity in floodplains with small drainage areas is associated with non-incised floodplains that are frequently connected to their channels and therefore subject to greater effective hydrologic variability compared with downstream floodplains. Understanding the landscape-scale geomorphic and hydrologic controls on floodplain connectivity provides a basis for more effective management and restoration of floodplain forest communities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2636","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R., and Faust, T., 2014, Hydrologic connectivity of floodplains, northern Missouri: implications for management and restoration of floodplain forest communities in disturbed landscapes: River Research and Applications, v. 30, no. 3, p. 269-286, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2636.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"286","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-021848","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280549,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280532,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.2636"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.7131,38.968 ], [ -94.7131,40.5806 ], [ -91.2415,40.5806 ], [ -91.2415,38.968 ], [ -94.7131,38.968 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c2960ae4b040b25da903f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, R.","contributorId":55373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faust, T.","contributorId":54690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faust","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70059572,"text":"70059572 - 2014 - Spatially explicit modeling of 1992-2100 land cover and forest stand age for the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-31T19:37:52.175526","indexId":"70059572","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-23T09:21:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatially explicit modeling of 1992-2100 land cover and forest stand age for the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"Information on future land-use and land-cover (LULC) change is needed to analyze the impact of LULC change on ecological processes. The U.S. Geological Survey has produced spatially explicit, thematically detailed LULC projections for the conterminous United States. Four qualitative and quantitative scenarios of LULC change were developed, with characteristics consistent with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on 5 Emission Scenarios (SRES). The four quantified scenarios (A1B, A2, B1, and B2) served as input to the Forecasting Scenarios of Land-use Change (FORE-SCE) model. Four spatially explicit datasets consistent with scenario storylines were produced for the conterminous United States, with annual LULC maps from 1992 through 2100. The future projections are characterized by a loss of natural land covers in most scenarios, with corresponding expansion of 10 anthropogenic land uses. Along with the loss of natural land covers, remaining natural land covers experience increased fragmentation under most scenarios, with only the B2 scenario remaining relatively stable in both proportion of remaining natural land covers and basic fragmentation measures. Forest stand age was also modeled. By 2100, scenarios and ecoregions with heavy forest cutting have relatively lower mean stand ages compared to those with less 15 forest cutting. Stand ages differ substantially between unprotected and protected forest lands, as well as between different forest classes. The modeled data were compared to the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) and other data sources to assess model characteristics. The consistent, spatially explicit, and thematically detailed LULC projections and the associated forest stand age data layers have been used to analyze LULC impacts on carbon and greenhouse gas fluxes, 20 biodiversity, climate and weather variability, hydrologic change, and other ecological processes.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-1245.1","usgsCitation":"Sohl, T.L., Sayler, K., Bouchard, M., Reker, R.R., Friesz, A.M., Bennett, S.L., Sleeter, B.M., Sleeter, R., Wilson, T., Soulard, C.E., Knuppe, M., and Van Hofwegen, T., 2014, Spatially explicit modeling of 1992-2100 land cover and forest stand age for the conterminous United States: Ecological Applications, v. 24, no. 5, p. 1015-1036, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1245.1.","productDescription":"22 p. ; Data release","startPage":"1015","endPage":"1036","numberOfPages":"22","ipdsId":"IP-042928","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473322,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1245.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397953,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P95AK9HP","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Conterminous United States Land Cover Projections - 1992 to 2100"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70073924,"text":"70073924 - 2014 - Contaminants from Cretaceous black shale: II. Effect of geology, weathering, climate, and land use on salinity and selenium cycling, Mancos Shale landscapes, southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-30T16:47:04.54835","indexId":"70073924","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-20T11:31:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminants from Cretaceous black shale: II. Effect of geology, weathering, climate, and land use on salinity and selenium cycling, Mancos Shale landscapes, southwestern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Cretaceous Mancos Shale (MS) is a known nonpoint source for a significant portion of the salinity and selenium (Se) loads in the Colorado River in the southwestern United States and northwestern corner of Mexico. These two contaminants pose a serious threat to rivers in these arid regions where water supplies are especially critical. Tuttle et al. (companion paper) investigates the cycling of contaminants in a Colorado River tributary watershed (Uncompahgre River, southwestern Colorado) where the MS weathers under natural conditions. This paper builds on those results and uses regional soil data in the same watershed to investigate the impact of MS geology, weathering intensity, land use, and climate on salt and Se storage in and flux from soils on the natural landscape, irrigated agriculture fields, areas undergoing urban development, and wetlands. The size of salinity and Se reservoirs in the MS soils is quantified. Flux calculations show that during modern weathering, natural landscapes cycle salt and Se; however, little of it is released for transport to the Uncompahgre River (10% of the annual salinity and 6% of the annual Se river loads). When irrigated, salinity and Se loads from the MS soil increase (26% and 57% of the river load, respectively), causing the river to be out of compliance with Federal and State Se standards. During 100</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>years of irrigation, seven times more Se has been removed from agricultural soil than what was lost from natural landscapes during the entire period of pedogenesis. Under more arid conditions, even less salt and Se are expected to be transported from the natural landscape. However, if wetter climates prevail, transport could increase dramatically due to storage of soluble phases in the non-irrigated soil. These results are critical input for water-resource and land-use managers who must decide whether or not the salinity and Se in a watershed can be managed, what sustainable mitigation strategies are possible, and what landscapes should be targeted. The broader implications include providing a reliable approach for quantifying nonpoint-source contamination from MS and other rock units elsewhere that weather under similar conditions and, together with results from our companion paper, address the complex interplay of geology, weathering, climate, and land use on contaminant cycling in the arid Southwest.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.12.011","usgsCitation":"Tuttle, M., Fahy, J.W., Elliott, J.G., Grauch, R.I., and Stillings, L., 2014, Contaminants from Cretaceous black shale: II. Effect of geology, weathering, climate, and land use on salinity and selenium cycling, Mancos Shale landscapes, southwestern United States: Applied Geochemistry, v. 46, p. 72-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.12.011.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"84","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Basin, Mancos Shale","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.993508,38.537542 ], [ -107.993508,38.818839 ], [ -107.749497,38.818839 ], [ -107.749497,38.537542 ], [ -107.993508,38.537542 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"46","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd52abe4b0b290850f4aa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tuttle, Michele L. mtuttle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"Michele L.","email":"mtuttle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fahy, Juli W. jfahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":57362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahy","given":"Juli","email":"jfahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, John G. jelliott@usgs.gov","contributorId":832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"John","email":"jelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grauch, Richard I. 0000-0002-1763-0813 rgrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":1193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"Richard","email":"rgrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stillings, Lisa L. 0000-0002-9011-8891 stilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-8891","contributorId":3143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillings","given":"Lisa L.","email":"stilling@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70056935,"text":"70056935 - 2014 - Contaminants from Cretaceous black shale: I. Natural weathering processes controlling contaminant cycling in Mancos Shale, southwestern United States, with emphasis on salinity and selenium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-30T16:46:56.894132","indexId":"70056935","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-20T11:21:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminants from Cretaceous black shale: I. Natural weathering processes controlling contaminant cycling in Mancos Shale, southwestern United States, with emphasis on salinity and selenium","docAbstract":"<p><span>Soils derived from black shale can accumulate high concentrations of elements of environmental concern, especially in regions with semiarid to arid climates. One such region is the Colorado River basin in the southwestern United States where contaminants pose a threat to agriculture, municipal water supplies, endangered aquatic species, and water-quality commitments to Mexico. Exposures of Cretaceous Mancos Shale (MS) in the upper basin are a major contributor of salinity and selenium in the Colorado River. Here, we examine the roles of geology, climate, and alluviation on contaminant cycling (emphasis on salinity and Se) during weathering of MS in a Colorado River tributary watershed. Stage I (incipient weathering) began perhaps as long ago as 20</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>ka when lowering of groundwater resulted in oxidation of pyrite and organic matter. This process formed gypsum and soluble organic matter that persist in the unsaturated, weathered shale today. Enrichment of Se observed in laterally persistent ferric oxide layers likely is due to selenite adsorption onto the oxides that formed during fluctuating redox conditions at the water table. Stage II weathering (pedogenesis) is marked by a significant decrease in bulk density and increase in porosity as shale disaggregates to soil. Rainfall dissolves calcite and thenardite (Na</span><sub>2</sub><span>SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>) at the surface, infiltrates to about 1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m, and precipitates gypsum during evaporation. Gypsum formation (estimated 390</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>kg</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>) enriches soil moisture in Na and residual SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>. Transpiration of this moisture to the surface or exposure of subsurface soil (slumping) produces more thenardite. Most Se remains in the soil as selenite adsorbed to ferric oxides, however, some oxidizes to selenate and, during wetter conditions is transported with soil moisture to depths below 3</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m. Coupled with little rainfall, relatively insoluble gypsum, and the translocation of soluble Se downward, MS landscapes will be a significant nonpoint source of salinity and Se to the Colorado River well into the future. Other trace elements weathering from MS that are often of environmental concern include U and Mo, which mimic Se in their behavior; As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb, which show little redistribution; and Cd, Sb, V, and Zn, which accumulate in Stage I shale, but are lost to varying degrees from upper soil intervals. None of these trace elements have been reported previously as contaminants in the study area.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.12.010","usgsCitation":"Tuttle, M., Fahy, J.W., Elliott, J.G., Grauch, R.I., and Stillings, L., 2014, Contaminants from Cretaceous black shale: I. Natural weathering processes controlling contaminant cycling in Mancos Shale, southwestern United States, with emphasis on salinity and selenium: Applied Geochemistry, v. 46, p. 57-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.12.010.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"71","ipdsId":"IP-038076","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Basin, Mancos Shale","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.993508,38.537542 ], [ -107.993508,38.818839 ], [ -107.749497,38.818839 ], [ -107.749497,38.537542 ], [ -107.993508,38.537542 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"46","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd52aae4b0b290850f4a9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tuttle, Michele L. mtuttle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"Michele L.","email":"mtuttle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fahy, Juli W. jfahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":57362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahy","given":"Juli","email":"jfahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, John G. jelliott@usgs.gov","contributorId":832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"John","email":"jelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":486612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grauch, Richard I. 0000-0002-1763-0813 rgrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":1193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"Richard","email":"rgrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":486614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stillings, Lisa L. 0000-0002-9011-8891 stilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-8891","contributorId":3143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillings","given":"Lisa L.","email":"stilling@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70059199,"text":"70059199 - 2014 - Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: implications to public health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-20T09:44:10","indexId":"70059199","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-20T09:31:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: implications to public health","docAbstract":"Beaches worldwide provide recreational opportunities to hundreds of millions of people and serve as important components of coastal economies. Beach water is often monitored for microbiological quality to detect the presence of indicators of human sewage contamination so as to prevent public health outbreaks associated with water contact. However, growing evidence suggests that beach sand can harbor microbes harmful to human health, often in concentrations greater than the beach water. Currently, there are no standards for monitoring, sampling, analyzing, or managing beach sand quality. In addition to indicator microbes, growing evidence has identified pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and fungi in a variety of beach sands worldwide. The public health threat associated with these populations through direct and indirect contact is unknown because so little research has been conducted relating to health outcomes associated with sand quality. In this manuscript, we present the consensus findings of a workshop of experts convened in Lisbon, Portugal to discuss the current state of knowledge on beach sand microbiological quality and to develop suggestions for standardizing the evaluation of sand at coastal beaches. The expert group at the “Microareias 2012” workshop recommends that 1) beach sand should be screened for a variety of pathogens harmful to human health, and sand monitoring should then be initiated alongside regular water monitoring; 2) sampling and analysis protocols should be standardized to allow proper comparisons among beach locations; and 3) further studies are needed to estimate human health risk with exposure to contaminated beach sand. Much of the manuscript is focused on research specific to Portugal, but similar results have been found elsewhere, and the findings have worldwide implications.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.091","usgsCitation":"Sabino, R., Rodrigues, R., Costa, I., Carneiro, C., Cunha, M., Duarte, A., Faria, N., Ferriera, F., Gargate, M., Julio, C., Martins, M., Nevers, M., Oleastro, M., Solo-Gabriele, H., Verissimo, C., Viegas, C., Whitman, R.L., and Brandao, J., 2014, Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: implications to public health: Science of the Total Environment, v. 472, p. 1062-1069, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.091.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1062","endPage":"1069","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-050645","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/3027","text":"External Repository"},{"id":280451,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280435,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.091"}],"volume":"472","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7129e4b0b29085107834","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sabino, Raquel","contributorId":28157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabino","given":"Raquel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodrigues, R.","contributorId":23834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodrigues","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Costa, I.","contributorId":45617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costa","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carneiro, Carlos","contributorId":108014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carneiro","given":"Carlos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cunha, M.","contributorId":83437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunha","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Duarte, A.","contributorId":46405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duarte","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Faria, N.","contributorId":105213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faria","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ferriera, F.C.","contributorId":38463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferriera","given":"F.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gargate, M.J.","contributorId":100729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gargate","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Julio, C.","contributorId":39685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julio","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Martins, M.L.","contributorId":72289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martins","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Nevers, Meredith 0000-0001-6963-6734 mnevers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6963-6734","contributorId":2013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"Meredith","email":"mnevers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Oleastro, M.","contributorId":108015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oleastro","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Solo-Gabriele, H.","contributorId":70275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solo-Gabriele","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Verissimo, C.","contributorId":77450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verissimo","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Viegas, C.","contributorId":94962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viegas","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Whitman, Richard L. rwhitman@usgs.gov","contributorId":542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Richard","email":"rwhitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Brandao, J.","contributorId":71870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandao","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70059129,"text":"70059129 - 2014 - Unique characteristics of the trachea of the juvenile leatherback turtle facilitate feeding, diving and endothermy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-02T16:24:33.741251","indexId":"70059129","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-18T09:47:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unique characteristics of the trachea of the juvenile leatherback turtle facilitate feeding, diving and endothermy","docAbstract":"<p>The adult leatherback turtle <i>Dermochelys coriacea</i> overlaps in body size (300&ndash;500 kg) with many marine mammals, yet develops from a 50 g hatchling. Adults can dive deeper than 1200 m and have core body temperatures of 25 &deg;C; hatchlings are near-surface dwellers. Juvenile leatherbacks have rarely been studied; here we present anatomical information for the upper respiratory tract of 3 turtles (66.7&ndash;83.0 cm straight carapace length; 33.2&ndash;53.4 kg body mass) incidentally captured by long-line fisheries. Combined with existing information from adults and hatchlings, our data show that there is an ontogenic shift in tracheal structure, with cartilaginous rings becoming broader and eventually fusing anteriorly. This ontogenic shift during independent existence is unique among extant deep-diving air breathing vertebrates. Tract wall thickness is graded, becoming progressively thinner from larynx to bronchi. In addition, cross-sectional shape becomes increasingly dorsoventrally flattened (more elliptical) from anterior to posterior. These characteristics ensure that the tract will collapse from posterior to anterior during dives. This study contains the first report of a double (= internally bifurcated) posterior section of the trachea; it is suggested that this allows continuous food movement along the esophagus without tracheal collapse. The whole upper respiratory tract (from larynx to lungs) has a vascular lining (thicker anteriorly than posteriorly) that appears to be a simple analog of the complex turbinates of birds and mammals. Our study confirmed that the leatherback tracheal structure represents a distinctive way of dealing with the challenges of diving in deep, cold sea water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2013.10.013","usgsCitation":"Davenport, J., Jones, T., Work, T.M., and Balazs, G.H., 2014, Unique characteristics of the trachea of the juvenile leatherback turtle facilitate feeding, diving and endothermy: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 450, p. 40-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2013.10.013.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049401","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280396,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Equatorial Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              166.77294853142018,\n              14.78558056021572\n            ],\n            [\n              166.77294853142018,\n              14.32788557818715\n            ],\n            [\n              167.43150821435654,\n              14.32788557818715\n            ],\n            [\n              167.43150821435654,\n              14.78558056021572\n            ],\n            [\n              166.77294853142018,\n              14.78558056021572\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              169.499920820532,\n              11.546374884556585\n            ],\n            [\n              169.499920820532,\n              11.127206568923143\n            ],\n            [\n              169.93721295290305,\n              11.127206568923143\n            ],\n            [\n              169.93721295290305,\n              11.546374884556585\n            ],\n            [\n              169.499920820532,\n              11.546374884556585\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              163.24369271990167,\n              5.106657114971725\n            ],\n            [\n              163.24369271990167,\n              4.40233629638837\n            ],\n            [\n              164.18797836826207,\n              4.40233629638837\n            ],\n            [\n              164.18797836826207,\n              5.106657114971725\n            ],\n            [\n              163.24369271990167,\n              5.106657114971725\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"450","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52b2c406e4b08e3289f1571f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davenport, John","contributorId":68643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davenport","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, T. Todd","contributorId":61334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"T. Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Balazs, George H.","contributorId":88195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balazs","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70059128,"text":"70059128 - 2014 - Impact of climate variability on runoff in the north-central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:15:37","indexId":"70059128","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-17T12:03:53","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2341,"text":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of climate variability on runoff in the north-central United States","docAbstract":"Large changes in runoff in the north-central United States have occurred during the past century, with larger floods and increases in runoff tending to occur from the 1970s to the present. The attribution of these changes is a subject of much interest. Long-term precipitation, temperature, and streamflow records were used to compare changes in precipitation and potential evapotranspiration (PET) to changes in runoff within 25 stream basins. The basins studied were organized into four groups, each one representing basins similar in topography, climate, and historic patterns of runoff. Precipitation, PET, and runoff data were adjusted for near-decadal scale variability to examine longer-term changes. A nonlinear water-balance analysis shows that changes in precipitation and PET explain the majority of multidecadal spatial/temporal variability of runoff and flood magnitudes, with precipitation being the dominant driver. Historical changes in climate and runoff in the region appear to be more consistent with complex transient shifts in seasonal climatic conditions than with gradual climate change. A portion of the unexplained variability likely stems from land-use change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000775","usgsCitation":"Ryberg, K.R., Lin, W., and Vecchia, A.V., 2014, Impact of climate variability on runoff in the north-central United States: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, v. 19, no. 1, p. 148-158, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000775.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"148","endPage":"158","ipdsId":"IP-036799","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota","volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd620be4b0b290850fdec0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryberg, Karen R. 0000-0002-9834-2046 kryberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-2046","contributorId":1172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"Karen","email":"kryberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lin, Wei","contributorId":93805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"Wei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vecchia, Aldo V. 0000-0002-2661-4401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4401","contributorId":41810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"Aldo","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70058881,"text":"70058881 - 2014 - The relation between invertebrate drift and two primary controls, discharge and benthic densities, in a large regulated river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-24T09:32:06","indexId":"70058881","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-17T10:19:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relation between invertebrate drift and two primary controls, discharge and benthic densities, in a large regulated river","docAbstract":"1. Invertebrate drift is a fundamental process in streams and rivers. Studies from laboratory experiments and small streams have identified numerous extrinsic (e.g. discharge, light intensity, water quality) and intrinsic factors (invertebrate life stage, benthic density, behaviour) that govern invertebrate drift concentrations (# m−3), but the factors that govern invertebrate drift in larger rivers remain poorly understood. For example, while large increases or decreases in discharge can lead to large increases in invertebrate drift, the role of smaller, incremental changes in discharge is poorly described. In addition, while we might expect invertebrate drift concentrations to be proportional to benthic densities (# m−2), the benthic–drift relation has not been rigorously evaluated.\n<br>\n2. Here, we develop a framework for modelling invertebrate drift that is derived from sediment transport studies. We use this framework to guide the analysis of high-resolution data sets of benthic density and drift concentration for four important invertebrate taxa from the Colorado River downstream of Glen Canyon Dam (mean daily discharge 325 m3 s−1) that were collected over 18 months and include multiple observations within days. Ramping of regulated flows on this river segment provides an experimental treatment that is repeated daily and allowed us to describe the functional relations between invertebrate drift and two primary controls, discharge and benthic densities.\n<br>\n3. Twofold daily variation in discharge resulted in a >10-fold increase in drift concentrations of benthic invertebrates associated with pools and detritus (i.e. Gammarus lacustris and Potamopyrgus antipodarum). In contrast, drift concentrations of sessile blackfly larvae (Simuliium arcticum), which are associated with high-velocity cobble microhabitats, decreased by over 80% as discharge doubled. Drift concentrations of Chironomidae increased proportional to discharge.\n<br>\n4. Drift of all four taxa was positively related to benthic density. Drift concentrations of Gammarus, Potamopyrgus and Chironomidae were proportional to benthic density. Drift concentrations of Simulium were positively related to benthic density, but the benthic–drift relation was less than proportional (i.e. a doubling of benthic density only led to a 40% increase in drift concentrations).\n<br>\n5. Our study demonstrates that invertebrate drift concentrations in the Colorado River are jointly controlled by discharge and benthic densities, but these controls operate at different timescales. Twofold daily variation in discharge associated with hydropeaking was the primary control on within-day variation in invertebrate drift concentrations. In contrast, benthic density, which varied 10- to 1000-fold among sampling dates, depending on the taxa, was the primary control on invertebrate drift concentrations over longer timescales (weeks to months).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12285","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, T., Yackulic, C.B., Cross, W.F., Grams, P.E., Yard, M., and Copp, A.J., 2014, The relation between invertebrate drift and two primary controls, discharge and benthic densities, in a large regulated river: Freshwater Biology, v. 59, no. 3, p. 557-572, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12285.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"572","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-045496","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280361,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12285"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Glen Canyon Dam","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.666667,36.833333 ], [ -111.666667,36.966667 ], [ -111.416667,36.966667 ], [ -111.416667,36.833333 ], [ -111.666667,36.833333 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"59","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52b172c1e4b0d9b325224604","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Theodore A. 0000-0003-3477-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-3629","contributorId":50227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Theodore A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724 cyackulic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":4662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","email":"cyackulic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cross, Wyatt F.","contributorId":70881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Wyatt","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yard, Michael D. 0000-0002-6580-6027","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-6027","contributorId":8577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yard","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Copp, Adam J. 0000-0001-7385-0055 acopp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-0055","contributorId":5194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copp","given":"Adam","email":"acopp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70058854,"text":"70058854 - 2014 - Correlation of gene expression and contaminat concentrations in wild largescale suckers: a field-based study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-02T16:37:09","indexId":"70058854","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-17T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of gene expression and contaminat concentrations in wild largescale suckers: a field-based study","docAbstract":"Toxic compounds such as organochlorine pesticides (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants (PBDEs) have been detected in fish, birds, and aquatic mammals that live in the Columbia River or use food resources from within the river. We developed a custom microarray for largescale suckers (Catostomus macrocheilus) and used it to investigate the molecular effects of contaminant exposure on wild fish in the Columbia River. Using Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) we identified 72 probes representing 69 unique genes with expression patterns that correlated with hepatic tissue levels of OCs, PCBs, or PBDEs. These genes were involved in many biological processes previously shown to respond to contaminant exposure, including drug and lipid metabolism, apoptosis, cellular transport, oxidative stress, and cellular chaperone function. The relation between gene expression and contaminant concentration suggests that these genes may respond to environmental contaminant exposure and are promising candidates for further field and laboratory studies to develop biomarkers for monitoring exposure of wild fish to contaminant mixtures found in the Columbia River Basin. The array developed in this study could also be a useful tool for studies involving endangered sucker species and other sucker species used in contaminant research.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.034","usgsCitation":"Christiansen, H.E., Mehinto, A.C., Yu, F., Perry, R.W., Denslow, N., Maule, A.G., and Mesa, M.G., 2014, Correlation of gene expression and contaminat concentrations in wild largescale suckers: a field-based study: Science of the Total Environment, v. 484, p. 379-389, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.034.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"389","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-045118","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280356,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280327,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.034"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.2178,45.4972 ], [ -123.2178,46.2173 ], [ -121.9101,46.2173 ], [ -121.9101,45.4972 ], [ -123.2178,45.4972 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"484","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52b172bde4b0d9b3252245d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christiansen, Helena E. hchristiansen@usgs.gov","contributorId":4530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Helena","email":"hchristiansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mehinto, Alvine C.","contributorId":104387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehinto","given":"Alvine","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yu, Fahong","contributorId":107180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"Fahong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619 rperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":2820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","email":"rperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Denslow, Nancy D.","contributorId":72831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denslow","given":"Nancy D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maule, Alec G. amaule@usgs.gov","contributorId":2606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"Alec","email":"amaule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mesa, Matthew G. mmesa@usgs.gov","contributorId":3423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"Matthew","email":"mmesa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70058744,"text":"70058744 - 2014 - Climatic variation and tortoise survival: has a desert species met its match?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-13T12:06:21","indexId":"70058744","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-13T11:57:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic variation and tortoise survival: has a desert species met its match?","docAbstract":"While demographic changes in short-lived species may be observed relatively quickly in response to climate changes, measuring population responses of long-lived species requires long-term studies that are not always available. We analyzed data from a population of threatened Agassiz’s desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) at a 2.59 km<sup>2</sup> study plot in the Sonoran Desert ecosystem of Joshua Tree National Park, California, USA from 1978 to 2012 to examine variation in apparent survival and demography in this long-lived species. Transect-based, mark-recapture surveys were conducted in 10 of those years to locate living and dead tortoises. Previous modeling suggested that this area would become unsuitable as tortoise habitat under a warming and drying climate scenario. Estimated adult population size declined greatly from 1996 to 2012. The population appeared to have high apparent survival from 1978 to 1996 but apparent survival decreased from 1997 to 2002, concurrent with persistent drought. The best model relating apparent survivorship of tortoises &ge;18 cm over time was based on a three year moving average of estimated winter precipitation. The postures and positions of a majority of dead tortoises found in 2012 were consistent with death by dehydration and starvation. Some live and many dead tortoises found in 2012 showed signs of predation or scavenging by mammalian carnivores. Coyote (Canis latrans) scats and other evidence from the site confirmed their role as tortoise predators and scavengers. Predation rates may be exacerbated by drought if carnivores switch from preferred mammalian prey to tortoises during dry years. Climate modeling suggests that the region will be subjected to even longer duration droughts in the future and that the plot may become unsuitable for continued tortoise survival. Our results showing wide fluctuations in apparent survival and decreasing tortoise density over time may be early signals of that possible outcome.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2013.09.027","usgsCitation":"Lovich, J.E., Yackulic, C.B., Freilich, J., Agha, M., Austin, M., Meyer, K.P., Arundel, T., Hansen, J., Vamstad, M., and Root, S., 2014, Climatic variation and tortoise survival: has a desert species met its match?: Biological Conservation, v. 169, p. 214-224, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.09.027.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"224","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.09.027","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280294,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.09.027"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Joshua Tree National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.458031,33.670186 ], [ -116.458031,34.129343 ], [ -115.262191,34.129343 ], [ -115.262191,33.670186 ], [ -116.458031,33.670186 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"169","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52ac2c62e4b004a77d23c4c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724 cyackulic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":4662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","email":"cyackulic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freilich, Jerry","contributorId":42518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freilich","given":"Jerry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Agha, Mickey","contributorId":22235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agha","given":"Mickey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":487337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Austin, Meaghan","contributorId":37244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Meaghan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meyer, Katherine P.","contributorId":95789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arundel, Terence R.","contributorId":11080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arundel","given":"Terence R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hansen, Jered","contributorId":34034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Jered","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vamstad, Michael S.","contributorId":66590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vamstad","given":"Michael S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Root, Stephanie A.","contributorId":87449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Root","given":"Stephanie A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70058543,"text":"70058543 - 2014 - Ecological limit functions relating fish community response to hydrologic departures of the ecological flow regime in the Tennessee River basin, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:37:49","indexId":"70058543","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-09T11:20:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological limit functions relating fish community response to hydrologic departures of the ecological flow regime in the Tennessee River basin, United States","docAbstract":"<div class=\"para\"><p>Ecological limit functions relating streamflow and aquatic ecosystems remain elusive despite decades of research. We investigated functional relationships between species richness and changes in streamflow characteristics at 662 fish sampling sites in the Tennessee River basin. Our approach included the following: (1) a brief summary of relevant literature on functional relations between fish and streamflow, (2) the development of ecological limit functions that describe the strongest discernible relationships between fish species richness and streamflow characteristics, (3) the evaluation of proposed definitions of hydrologic reference conditions, and (4) an investigation of the internal structures of wedge-shaped distributions underlying ecological limit functions.</p><p>Twenty-one ecological limit functions were developed across three ecoregions that relate the species richness of 11 fish groups and departures from hydrologic reference conditions using multivariate and quantile regression methods. Each negatively sloped function is described using up to four streamflow characteristics expressed in terms of cumulative departure from hydrologic reference conditions. Negative slopes indicate increased departure results in decreased species richness.</p><p>Sites with the highest measured fish species richness generally had near-reference hydrologic conditions for a given ecoregion. Hydrology did not generally differ between sites with the highest and lowest fish species richness, indicating that other environmental factors likely limit species richness at sites with reference hydrology.</p><p>Use of ecological limit functions to make decisions regarding proposed hydrologic regime changes, although commonly presented as a management tool, is not as straightforward or informative as often assumed. We contend that statistical evaluation of the internal wedge structure below limit functions may provide a probabilistic understanding of how aquatic ecology is influenced by altered hydrology and may serve as the basis for evaluating the potential effect of proposed hydrologic changes.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","doi":"10.1002/eco.1460","usgsCitation":"Knight, R., Murphy, J.C., Wolfe, W., Saylor, C.F., and Wales, A.K., 2014, Ecological limit functions relating fish community response to hydrologic departures of the ecological flow regime in the Tennessee River basin, United States: Ecohydrology, v. 7, no. 5, p. 1262-1280, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1460.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1262","endPage":"1280","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044901","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473325,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1460","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280230,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280223,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eco.1460"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Tennessee River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.59374999999999,\n              33.925129700072\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.59374999999999,\n              37.3002752813443\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.23291015625,\n              37.3002752813443\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.23291015625,\n              33.925129700072\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.59374999999999,\n              33.925129700072\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a717f2e4b0de1a6d2d96f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knight, Rodney R. rrknight@usgs.gov","contributorId":2272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Rodney R.","email":"rrknight@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, Jennifer C. 0000-0002-0881-0919 jmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-0919","contributorId":4281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolfe, William J. wjwolfe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"William J.","email":"wjwolfe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saylor, Charles F.","contributorId":29731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saylor","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wales, Amy K.","contributorId":108021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wales","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70058014,"text":"70058014 - 2014 - Integration of stable carbon isotope, microbial community, dissolved hydrogen gas, and <sup>2</sup>H<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub> tracer data to assess bioaugmentation for chlorinated ethene degradation in fractured rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:15:49","indexId":"70058014","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-05T09:56:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integration of stable carbon isotope, microbial community, dissolved hydrogen gas, and <sup>2</sup>H<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub> tracer data to assess bioaugmentation for chlorinated ethene degradation in fractured rocks","docAbstract":"An in situ bioaugmentation (BA) experiment was conducted to understand processes controlling microbial dechlorination of trichloroethene (TCE) in groundwater at the Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC), West Trenton, NJ. In the BA experiment, an electron donor (emulsified vegetable oil and sodium lactate) and a chloro-respiring microbial consortium were injected into a well in fractured mudstone of Triassic age. Water enriched in <sup>2</sup>H was also injected as a tracer of the BA solution, to monitor advective transport processes. The changes in concentration and the δ<sup>13</sup>C of TCE, cis-dichloroethene (cis-DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC); the δ<sup>2</sup>H of water; changes in the abundance of the microbial communities; and the concentration of dissolved H2 gas compared to pre- test conditions, provided multiple lines of evidence that enhanced biodegradation occurred in the injection well and in two downgradient wells. For those wells where the biodegradation was stimulated intensively, the sum of the molar chlorinated ethene (CE) concentrations in post-BA water was higher than that of the sum of the pre-BA background molar CE concentrations. The concentration ratios of TCE/(cis-DCE + VC) indicated that the increase in molar CE concentration may result from additional TCE mobilized from the rock matrix in response to the oil injection or due to desorption/diffusion. The stable carbon isotope mass-balance calculations show that the weighted average <sup>13</sup>C isotope of the CEs was enriched for around a year compared to the background value in a two year monitoring period, an effective indication that dechlorination of VC was occurring. Insights gained from this study can be applied to efforts to use BA in other fractured rock systems. The study demonstrates that a BA approach can substantially enhance in situ bioremediation not only in fractures connected to the injection well, but also in the rock matrix around the well due to processes such as diffusion and desorption. Because the effect of the BA was intensive only in wells where an amendment was distributed during injection, it is necessary to adequately distribute the amendments throughout the fractured rock to achieve substantial bioremediation. The slowdown in BA effect after a year is due to some extend to the decrease abundant of appropriate microbes, but more likely the decreased concentration of electron donor.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.10.004","usgsCitation":"Revesz, K.M., Lollar, B.S., Kirshtein, J.D., Tiedeman, C.R., Imbrigiotta, T., Goode, D., Shapiro, A.M., Voytek, M.A., Lancombe, P.J., and Busenberg, E., 2014, Integration of stable carbon isotope, microbial community, dissolved hydrogen gas, and <sup>2</sup>H<sub>H<sub>2</sub>O</sub> tracer data to assess bioaugmentation for chlorinated ethene degradation in fractured rocks: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 156, p. 62-77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.10.004.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"77","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-044573","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280190,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280189,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.10.004"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","city":"Ewing Township","otherGeospatial":"Naval Air Warfare Center, West Trenton","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.838496,40.209396 ], [ -74.838496,40.283997 ], [ -74.725712,40.283997 ], [ -74.725712,40.209396 ], [ -74.838496,40.209396 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"156","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a1a089e4b02938ec05883c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Revesz, Kinga M.","contributorId":18258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revesz","given":"Kinga","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lollar, Barbara Sherwood","contributorId":18668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lollar","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"Sherwood","affiliations":[{"id":7044,"text":"University of Toronto","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":486999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirshtein, Julie D.","contributorId":26033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirshtein","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tiedeman, Claire R. 0000-0002-0128-3685 tiedeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-3685","contributorId":196777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiedeman","given":"Claire","email":"tiedeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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,{"id":70058428,"text":"70058428 - 2014 - Fitting statistical distributions to sea duck count data: implications for survey design and abundance estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-05T09:39:16","indexId":"70058428","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-05T09:34:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3475,"text":"Statistical Methodology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fitting statistical distributions to sea duck count data: implications for survey design and abundance estimation","docAbstract":"Determining appropriate statistical distributions for modeling animal count data is important for accurate estimation of abundance, distribution, and trends. In the case of sea ducks along the U.S. Atlantic coast, managers want to estimate local and regional abundance to detect and track population declines, to define areas of high and low use, and to predict the impact of future habitat change on populations. In this paper, we used a modified marked point process to model survey data that recorded flock sizes of Common eiders, Long-tailed ducks, and Black, Surf, and White-winged scoters. The data come from an experimental aerial survey, conducted by the United States Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS) Division of Migratory Bird Management, during which east-west transects were flown along the Atlantic Coast from Maine to Florida during the winters of 2009–2011. To model the number of flocks per transect (the points), we compared the fit of four statistical distributions (zero-inflated Poisson, zero-inflated geometric, zero-inflated negative binomial and negative binomial) to data on the number of species-specific sea duck flocks that were recorded for each transect flown. To model the flock sizes (the marks), we compared the fit of flock size data for each species to seven statistical distributions: positive Poisson, positive negative binomial, positive geometric, logarithmic, discretized lognormal, zeta and Yule–Simon. Akaike’s Information Criterion and Vuong’s closeness tests indicated that the negative binomial and discretized lognormal were the best distributions for all species for the points and marks, respectively. These findings have important implications for estimating sea duck abundances as the discretized lognormal is a more skewed distribution than the Poisson and negative binomial, which are frequently used to model avian counts; the lognormal is also less heavy-tailed than the power law distributions (e.g., zeta and Yule–Simon), which are becoming increasingly popular for group size modeling. Choosing appropriate statistical distributions for modeling flock size data is fundamental to accurately estimating population summaries, determining required survey effort, and assessing and propagating uncertainty through decision-making processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Statistical Methodology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.stamet.2012.10.002","usgsCitation":"Zipkin, E., Leirness, J.B., Kinlan, B.P., O’Connell, A.F., and Silverman, E.D., 2014, Fitting statistical distributions to sea duck count data: implications for survey design and abundance estimation: Statistical Methodology, v. 17, p. 67-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stamet.2012.10.002.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-041848","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280186,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.stamet.2012.10.002"}],"volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a1a089e4b02938ec058835","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zipkin, Elise F.","contributorId":70528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zipkin","given":"Elise F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leirness, Jeffery B.","contributorId":24678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leirness","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kinlan, Brian P.","contributorId":24679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinlan","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Connell, Allan F. 0000-0001-7032-7023 aoconnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Allan","email":"aoconnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Silverman, Emily D.","contributorId":79220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silverman","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70156236,"text":"70156236 - 2014 - Band reporting probablilities of mallards, American black ducks, and wood ducks in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-10T17:17:14.126777","indexId":"70156236","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Band reporting probablilities of mallards, American black ducks, and wood ducks in eastern North America","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimates of band reporting probabilities are used for managing North American waterfowl to convert band recovery probabilities into harvest probabilities, which are used to set harvest regulations. Band reporting probability is the probability that someone who has shot and retrieved a banded bird will report the band. This probability can vary relative to a number of factors, particularly the inscription on the band and the ease with which it can be reported. Other factors, such as geographic reporting region, and species and sex of the bird may also play a role. We tested whether reporting probabilities of wood ducks (</span><i>Aix sponsa</i><span>) and American black ducks (black ducks; </span><i>Anas rubripes</i><span>) differed from those of mallards (</span><i>Anas platyrhynchos</i><span>) and whether band reporting varied geographically or by the sex of the banded bird. In the analysis of spatially comparable wood duck and mallard data, a band reporting probability of 0.73 (95% CI = 0.67–0.78) was appropriate for use across species, sex, and reporting region within the United States. In the black duck–mallard comparison, the band reporting probability of black ducks in Eastern Canada (0.50, 95% CI = 0.44–0.57) was lower than in the Eastern United States (0.73, 95% CI = 0.62–0.83). These estimates reflected an increase in overall band reporting probability following the addition of a toll-free telephone number to band inscriptions. Lower reporting in Eastern Canada may be because of cultural, linguistic, or logistical barriers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.647","usgsCitation":"Garrettson, P., Raftovich, R.V., Hines, J.E., and Zimmerman, G.S., 2014, Band reporting probablilities of mallards, American black ducks, and wood ducks in eastern North America: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 78, no. 1, p. 50-57, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.647.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"57","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052406","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": 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System","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmerman, Guthrie S.","contributorId":42473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Guthrie","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70058431,"text":"70058431 - 2014 - Precise determination of δ<sup>88</sup>Sr in rocks, minerals, and waters by double-spike TIMS: A powerful tool in the study of chemical, geologic, hydrologic and biologic processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-05T10:25:37","indexId":"70058431","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-04T10:21:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2155,"text":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precise determination of δ<sup>88</sup>Sr in rocks, minerals, and waters by double-spike TIMS: A powerful tool in the study of chemical, geologic, hydrologic and biologic processes","docAbstract":"We present strontium isotopic (<sup>88</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr and <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr) results obtained by <sup>87</sup>Sr–<sup>84</sup>Sr double spike thermal ionization mass-spectrometry (DS-TIMS) for several standards as well as natural water samples and mineral samples of abiogenic and biogenic origin. The detailed data reduction algorithm and a user-friendly Sr-specific stand-alone computer program used for the spike calibration and the data reduction are also presented. Accuracy and precision of our δ<sup>88</sup>Sr measurements, calculated as permil (‰) deviations from the NIST SRM-987 standard, were evaluated by analyzing the NASS-6 seawater standard, which yielded δ<sup>88</sup>Sr = 0.378 ± 0.009‰. The first DS-TIMS data for the NIST SRM-607 potassium feldspar standard and for several US Geological Survey carbonate, phosphate, and silicate standards (EN-1, MAPS-4, MAPS-5, G-3, BCR-2, and BHVO-2) are also reported. Data obtained during this work for Sr-bearing solids and natural waters show a range of δ<sup>88</sup>Sr values of about 2.4‰, the widest observed so far in terrestrial materials. This range is easily resolvable analytically because the demonstrated external error (±SD, standard deviation) for measured δ<sup>88</sup>Sr values is typically ≤0.02‰. It is shown that the “true” <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr value obtained by the DS-TIMS or any other external normalization method combines radiogenic and mass-dependent mass-fractionation effects, which cannot be separated. Therefore, the “true” <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr and the δ<sup>87</sup>Sr parameter derived from it are not useful isotope tracers. Data presented in this paper for a wide range of naturally occurring sample types demonstrate the potential of the δ<sup>88</sup>Sr isotope tracer in combination with the traditional radiogenic <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr tracer for studying a variety of biological, hydrological, and geological processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/C3JA50310K","usgsCitation":"Neymark, L.A., Premo, W.R., Mel’nikov, N.N., and Emsbo, P., 2014, Precise determination of δ<sup>88</sup>Sr in rocks, minerals, and waters by double-spike TIMS: A powerful tool in the study of chemical, geologic, hydrologic and biologic processes: Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, v. 29, p. 65-75, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3JA50310K.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"75","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-050748","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280192,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280191,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3JA50310K"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a1aea5e4b02938ec05c900","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neymark, Leonid A. lneymark@usgs.gov","contributorId":532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"Leonid","email":"lneymark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mel’nikov, Nikolay N.","contributorId":37246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mel’nikov","given":"Nikolay","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Emsbo, Poul 0000-0001-9421-201X pemsbo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-201X","contributorId":997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emsbo","given":"Poul","email":"pemsbo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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