{"pageNumber":"1372","pageRowStart":"34275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46733,"records":[{"id":18601,"text":"ofr93407 - 1993 - Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":18601,"text":"ofr93407 - 1993 - Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","indexId":"ofr93407","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"title":"Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":21946,"text":"ofr00212 - 2000 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Processing, taxonomy, and quality control of benthic macroinvertebrate samples","indexId":"ofr00212","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Processing, taxonomy, and quality control of benthic macroinvertebrate samples"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":21946,"text":"ofr00212 - 2000 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Processing, taxonomy, and quality control of benthic macroinvertebrate samples","indexId":"ofr00212","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Processing, taxonomy, and quality control of benthic macroinvertebrate samples"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-26T10:08:37","indexId":"ofr93407","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-407","title":"Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","docAbstract":"<p>Benthic invertebrate samples are collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. This is a perennial, multidisciplinary program that integrates biological, physical, and chemical indicators of water quality to evaluate status and trends and to develop an understanding of the factors controlling observed water quality. The Program examines water quality in 60 study units (coupled ground- and surface-water systems) that encompass most of the conterminous United States and parts of Alaska and Hawaii. Study-unit teams collect and process qualitative and semi-quantitative invertebrate samples according to standardized procedures. These samples are processed (elutriated and subsampled) in the field to produce as many as four sample components: large-rare, main-body, elutriate, and split. Each sample component is preserved in 10-percent formalin, and two components, large-rare and main-body, are sent to contract laboratories for further processing. The large-rare component is composed of large invertebrates that are removed from the sample matrix during field processing and placed in one or more containers. The main-body sample component consists of the remaining sample materials (sediment, detritus, and invertebrates) and is subsampled in the field to achieve a volume of 750 milliliters or less. The remaining two sample components, elutriate and split, are used for quality-assurance and quality-control purposes. Contract laboratories are used to identify and quantify invertebrates from the large-rare and main-body sample components according to the procedures and guidelines specified within this document. These guidelines allow the use of subsampling techniques to reduce the volume of sample material processed and to facilitate identifications. These processing procedures and techniques may be modified if the modifications provide equal or greater levels of accuracy and precision. The intent of sample processing is to determine the quantity of each taxon present in the semi-quantitative samples or to list the taxa present in qualitative samples. The processing guidelines provide standardized laboratory forms, sample labels, detailed sample processing flow charts, standardized format for electronic data, quality-assurance procedures and checks, sample tracking standards, and target levels for taxonomic determinations. The contract laboratory (1) is responsible for identifications and quantifications, (2) constructs reference collections, (3) provides data in hard copy and electronic forms, (4) follows specified quality-assurance and quality-control procedures, and (5) returns all processed and unprocessed portions of the samples. The U.S. Geological Survey's Quality Management Group maintains a Biological Quality-Assurance Unit, located at the National Water-Quality Laboratory, Arvada, Colorado, to oversee the use of contract laboratories and ensure the quality of data obtained from these laboratories according to the guidelines established in this document. This unit establishes contract specifications, reviews contractor performance (timeliness, accuracy, and consistency), enters data into the National Water Information System-II data base, maintains in-house reference collections, deposits voucher specimens in outside museums, and interacts with taxonomic experts within and outside the U.S. Geological Survey. This unit also modifies the existing sample processing and quality-assurance guidelines, establishes criteria and testing procedures for qualifying potential contract laboratories, identifies qualified taxonomic experts, and establishes voucher collections.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","doi":"10.3133/ofr93407","usgsCitation":"Cuffney, T., Gurtz, M., and Meador, M.R., 1993, Guidelines for the processing and quality assurance of benthic invertebrate samples collected as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-407, vi, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93407.","productDescription":"vi, 80 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":363256,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0407/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1087,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr93407","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":150810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0407/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a301","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cuffney, T. F.","contributorId":108134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"T. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gurtz, M. E.","contributorId":29841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurtz","given":"M. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":49680,"text":"ofr93608B - 1993 - Earthquake data report, August 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:11","indexId":"ofr93608B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-608","chapter":"B","title":"Earthquake data report, August 1993","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr93608B","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1993, Earthquake data report, August 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-608, Five 5 1/4 inch diskettes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93608B.","productDescription":"Five 5 1/4 inch diskettes","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62aad2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38876,"text":"pp497H - 1993 - Earth-Fissure Movements Associated with Fluctuations in Ground-Water Levels near the Picacho Mountains, South-Central Arizona, 1980-84","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":18411,"text":"ofr90561 - 1991 - Earth-fissure movements associated with fluctuations in ground-water levels near the Picacho Mountains, south-central Arizona, 1980-84","indexId":"ofr90561","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Earth-fissure movements associated with fluctuations in ground-water levels near the Picacho Mountains, south-central Arizona, 1980-84"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38876,"text":"pp497H - 1993 - Earth-Fissure Movements Associated with Fluctuations in Ground-Water Levels near the Picacho Mountains, South-Central Arizona, 1980-84","indexId":"pp497H","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Earth-Fissure Movements Associated with Fluctuations in Ground-Water Levels near the Picacho Mountains, South-Central Arizona, 1980-84"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:10","indexId":"pp497H","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"497","chapter":"H","title":"Earth-Fissure Movements Associated with Fluctuations in Ground-Water Levels near the Picacho Mountains, South-Central Arizona, 1980-84","docAbstract":"The Picacho earth fissure transects subsiding alluvial sediments near the east periphery of the Picacho basin in south-central Arizona. The basin has undergone land subsidence of as much as 3.8 meters since the 1930's owing to compaction of the aquifer system in response to ground-water-Ievel declines that have exceeded 100 meters. The fissure, which extends generally north-south for 15 kilometers, exhibits horizontal tensile failure and as much as 0.6 meter of normal dip-slip movement at the land surface. The west side of the fissure is down thrown. The fissure was observed as early as 1927 and is the longest earth fissure in Arizona.\r\n\r\nVertical and horizontal displacements were monitored along a line normal to the fissure. The survey line extends from a bedrock outcrop in the Picacho Mountains on the east, past an observation well near the fissure, to a point 1,422 meters to the west. From May 1980 to May 1984, the downthrown west side of the fissure subsided 167+-1.8 millimeters and moved 18+-1.5 millimeters westward into the basin. Concurrently, the relatively upthrown east side subsided 148+-1.8 millimeters and moved 14+-1.5 millimeters westward. Dislocation modeling of deformation along the survey line near the fissure indicates that dip-slip movement has occurred along a vertical fault surface that extends from the land surface to a depth of about 300 meters. Slip was 9 millimeters from May to December 1980 and also 9 millimeters from March to November 1981.\r\n\r\nContinuous measurements were made of horizontal movement across the fissure using a buried invar-wire horizontal extensometer, while water-level fluctuations were continuously monitored in four piezometers nested in two observation wells. The range of horizontal movement was 4.620 millimeters, and the range of water-level fluctuation in the nearest piezometer in the deep alluvium was 9.05 meters. The maximum annual opening of the fissure during the study period was 3.740 millimeters from March to October 1981, while the water level declined 7.59 meters. The fissure closed 1.033 millimeters from October 1981 to March 1982, while the water level recovered 6.94 meters. Opening and closing of the fissure were smooth and were correlated with water-level decline and recovery, respectively, recorded in the nearby piezometers. Pearson correlation coefficients between the water-level fluctuations in the deeper piezometers and horizontal movement ranged from 0.913 to 0.925. The correlogram with water-level decline as ordinate and horizontal strain as abscissa exhibits hysteresis loops for annual cycles of water-level fluctuation as well as near-vertical excursions for shorter cycles of pumping and recovery.\r\n\r\nVertical and horizontal displacements also were monitored along a second survey line 1 kilometer north of and nearly parallel to the first survey line. The north line extends from bedrock on the east across three fissures to a point 582 meters to the west but does not cross the Picacho earth fissure. From May 1980 to May 1984, the fissure farthest from the mountain front along this line exhibited 20+-1 millimeters of opening and 33.3+-1.1 millimeters of vertical offset; the west side of the fissure was downthrown. During the same period, the zone between this fissure and the mountain front exhibited compression.\r\n\r\nThe hypothesis of generalized differential compaction is supported by data taken at the study site for several reasons. First, the vertical offset across fissures and the fit of deformation to a dislocation model are consistent with an elastic model of differential vertical movement deep in the alluvium. Second, correlation is high between horizontal movement across the Picacho earth fissure and water-level fluctuations in the deeper local piezometers. Third, correlation is high between horizontal movement across the fissure and compaction farther west in the basin. The hypothesis of rotation of a rigid plate is not supported because (1) fissures sometime","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/pp497H","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, M.C., 1993, Earth-Fissure Movements Associated with Fluctuations in Ground-Water Levels near the Picacho Mountains, South-Central Arizona, 1980-84: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 497, iv, H1-H49, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp497H.","productDescription":"iv, H1-H49","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0497h/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65877,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0497h/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112,32.5 ], [ -112,33.25 ], [ -111.25,33.25 ], [ -111.25,32.5 ], [ -112,32.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c14b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, M. C.","contributorId":101672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18431,"text":"ofr93219 - 1993 - Digital recordings of aftershocks of the April 25 and 26, 1992, Cape Mendocino, California, earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T09:58:22","indexId":"ofr93219","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-219","title":"Digital recordings of aftershocks of the April 25 and 26, 1992, Cape Mendocino, California, earthquakes","docAbstract":"<p>On April 25 and 26, 1992, three large earthquakes occurred near Cape Mendocino, Calif. The mainshock occurred on April 25 with M<sub>s</sub> = 7.1, the next day followed by two powerful aftershocks of M<sub>s</sub> = 6.6 and M<sub>s</sub> = 6.7. The permanent seismographic network operated by the U.S. Geological Survey located 197 aftershocks, greater than magnitude 3 during the following 3 weeks (Andrew Michael, personal commun., 1992). Most of them were located offshore (Michael, 1992, fig. 1). </p><p>On April 27,1992, the author began operation of five portable digital seismographs located in a rough semi-circle approximately 50-90 km from the aftershock (fig. 1). The seismographs were operated for 12 days. The primary research goal was to contribute to aftershock locations with P- and S-arrival times and to record data to improve focal mechanism studies of the aftershocks. These goals were particularly important because the earthquakes originated in an especially complex, poorly understood tectonic regime. </p><p>This report is intended to facilitate the use of the digital seismograms by other researchers. Tables 1A and B give the location and sensor specifications for each recording station. Appendix A is a narrative of road directions to the recording stations should they need to be reoccupied. Appendix B lists all of the trigger times of seismograms recorded by the network. Appendix C contains plots of the seismograms of earthquakes recorded by three or more seismographs. Appendix D is an example data file showing the format (DR-100). The data set is available directly from the author on 9-track tape.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93219","usgsCitation":"Carver, D.L., 1993, Digital recordings of aftershocks of the April 25 and 26, 1992, Cape Mendocino, California, earthquakes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-219, i, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93219.","productDescription":"i, 64 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0219/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47782,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0219/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.17 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.60968017578126,\n              40.214538129296336\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.14138793945311,\n              40.214538129296336\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.14138793945311,\n              40.57954165275019\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.60968017578126,\n              40.57954165275019\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.60968017578126,\n              40.214538129296336\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a9a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carver, David L.","contributorId":56644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carver","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38338,"text":"pp1542 - 1993 - Allostratigraphy of the U.S. middle Atlantic continental margin; characteristics, distribution, and depositional history of principal unconformity-bounded upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic sedimentary units","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:45","indexId":"pp1542","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1542","title":"Allostratigraphy of the U.S. middle Atlantic continental margin; characteristics, distribution, and depositional history of principal unconformity-bounded upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic sedimentary units","docAbstract":"Publication of Volumes 93 and 95 ('The New Jersey Transect') of the Deep Sea Drilling Project's Initial Reports completed a major phase of geological and geophysical research along the middle segment of the U. S. Atlantic continental margin. Relying heavily on data from these and related published records, we have integrated outcrop, borehole, and seismic-reflection data from this large area (500,000 km^2 ) to define the regional allostratigraphic framework for Upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic sedimentary rocks. The framework consists of 12 alloformations, which record the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic depositional history of the contiguous Baltimore Canyon trough (including its onshore margin) and Hatteras basin (northern part). We propose stratotype sections for each alloformation and present a regional allostratigraphic reference section, which crosses these basins from the inner edge of the coastal plain to the inner edge of the abyssal plain. Selected supplementary reference sections on the coastal plain allow observation of the alloformations and their bounding unconformities in outcrop. \r\n\r\nOur analyses show that sediment supply and its initial dispersal on the middle segment of the U. S. Atlantic margin have been governed, in large part, by hinterland tectonism and subsequently have been modified by paleoclimate, sea-level changes, and oceanic current systems. Notable events in the Late Cretaceous to Holocene sedimentary evolution of this margin include (1) development of continental-rise depocenters in the northern part of the Hatteras basin during the Late Cretaceous; (2) the appear ance of a dual shelf-edge system, a marked decline in siliciclastic sediment accumulation rates, and widespread acceleration of carbonate production during high sea levels of the Paleogene; (3) rapid deposition and progradation of thick terrigenous delta complexes and development of abyssal depocenters during the middle Miocene to Quaternary interval; and (4) deep incision of the shelf edge by submarine canyons, especially during the Pleistocene. \r\n\r\nMassive downslope gravity flows have dominated both the depositional and erosional history of the middle segment of the U. S. Atlantic Continental Slope and Rise during most of the last 84 million years. The importance of periodic widespread erosion is recorded by well-documented unconformities, many of which can be traced from coastal-plain outcrops to coreholes on the continental slope and lower continental rise. These unconformities form the boundaries of the 12 allostratigraphic units we formally propose herein. Seven of the unconformities correlate with supercycle boundaries (sequence boundaries) that characterize the Exxon sequence-stratigraphy model.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1542","usgsCitation":"Poag, C.W., and Ward, L.W., 1993, Allostratigraphy of the U.S. middle Atlantic continental margin; characteristics, distribution, and depositional history of principal unconformity-bounded upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic sedimentary units: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1542, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1542.","productDescription":"81 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1542/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64687,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1542/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687898","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poag, C. Wylie 0000-0002-6240-4065 wpoag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6240-4065","contributorId":2565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poag","given":"C.","email":"wpoag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wylie","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, Lauck W.","contributorId":44145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Lauck","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38426,"text":"pp1497C - 1993 - Distribution, facies, ages, and proposed tectonic associations of regionally metamorphosed rocks in east- and south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T11:45:23","indexId":"pp1497C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1497","chapter":"C","title":"Distribution, facies, ages, and proposed tectonic associations of regionally metamorphosed rocks in east- and south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Most of the exposed bedrock in east- and south-central Alaska has been regionally metamorphosed and deformed during Mesozoic and early Cenozoic time. All the regionally metamorphosed rocks are assigned to metamorphic-facies units on the basis of their temperature and pressure conditions and metamorphic age. North of the McKinley and Denali faults, the crystalline rocks of the Yukon- Tanana upland and central Alaska Range compose a sequence of dynamothermally metamorphosed Paleozoic and older(?) metasedimentary rocks and metamorphosed products of a Devonian and Mississippian continental-margin magmatic arc. This sequence was extensively intruded by postmetamorphic mid-Cretaceous and younger granitoids. Many metamorphic-unit boundaries in the Yukon-Tanana upland are low-angle faults that juxtapose units of differing metamorphic grade, which indicates that metamorphism predated final emplacement of the fault-bounded units. In some places, the relation of metamorphic grade across a fault is best explained by contractional faulting; in other places, it is suggestive of extensional faulting.</p><p>Near the United States-Canadian border in the central Yukon- Tanana upland, metamorphism, plutonism, and thrusting occurred during a latest Triassic and Early Jurassic event that presumably resulted from the accretion of a terrane that had affinities to the Stikinia terrane onto the continental margin of North America. Elsewhere in the Yukon-Tanana upland, metamorphic rocks give predominantly late Early Cretaceous isotopic ages. These ages are interpreted to date either the timing of a subsequent Early Cretaceous episode of crustal thickening and metamorphism or, assuming that these other areas were also originally heated during the latest Triassic to Early Jurassic and remained buried, the timing of their uplift and cooling. This uplift and cooling may have resulted from extension.</p><p>South of the McKinley and Denali faults and north of the Border Ranges fault system, medium-grade metamorphism across much of the southern Peninsular and Wrangellia terranes was early to synkinematic with the intrusion of tonalitic and granodioritic plutons of primarily Early and Middle Jurassic age in the Peninsular terrane&nbsp;and Late Jurassic age in the Wrangellia terrane. Areas metamorphosed during the Jurassic episode that crop out near the Border Ranges fault system were subsequently retrograded and deformed in Cretaceous and early Tertiary time during accretion of younger units to the south. North of the Jurassic metamorphic and plutonic complex, low-grade metamorphism affected the rest of the Wrangellia terrane sometime during Jurassic and (or) Cretaceous time.</p><p>North of the Wrangellia terrane and immediately south of the McKinley and Denali faults, flyschoid rocks, which were deposited within a basin that separated the Wrangellia terrane from the western margin of North America, form a northeastward-tapering wedge. Within the western half of the wedge, flysch and structurally interleaved tectonic fragments were highly deformed and weakly metamorphosed; much of the metamorphism and deformation probably occurred sometime during mid- to Late Cretaceous time. In the eastern half of the wedge, flyschoid rocks form an intermediate-pressure Barrovian sequence (Maclaren metamorphic belt). Metamorphism of the Maclaren metamorphic belt was synkinematic with the Late Cretaceous to earliest Tertiary intrusion of foliated plutons of intermediate composition. Isotopic data suggest metamorphism extended into the early Tertiary and was accompanied by rapid uplift and cooling. Low- to medium-grade metamorphism throughout the wedge was probably associated with the accretion of the outboard Wrangellia terrane, as has been proposed for the Maclaren metamorphic belt.</p><p>South of the Border Ranges fault system lie variably metamorphosed sequences of oceanic rocks that comprise the successively accreted Chugach, Yakutat, Ghost Rocks, and Prince William terranes. The Chugach terrane consists of three successively accreted sequences of differing metamorphic histories. Metamorphism in all the sequences was associated with north-directed underthrusting beneath either the combined Peninsular-Wrangellia terrane or the older and inner parts of the Chugach terrane. These sequences, from innermost to outermost are: (1) intermediate- to highpressure, transitional greenschist- to blueschist-facies metabasalt and metasedimentary rocks that were metamorphosed during the Early and Middle Jurassic; (2) prehnite-pumpellyite-facies melange that was metamorphosed sometime during the Jurassic and Cretaceous; and (3) low-pressure prehnite-pumpellyite- or greenschist- facies flysch and metavolcanic rocks that were initially&nbsp;metamorphosed during latest Cretaceous to early Tertiary time and, in the eastern Chugach Mountains, were subsequently overprinted by low-pressure amphibolite-facies metamorphism that accompanied widespread intrusion during Eocene time. A similar low-pressure-facies series also developed within melange and flysch of the Yakutat terrane; these rocks are also intruded by Eocene plutons and are correlated with similar rocks of the Chugach terrane.</p><p>Seaward of the Chugach terrane are the strongly deformed but weakly metamorphosed (prehnite-pumpellyite-facies) deep-sea metasedimentary rocks and oceanic metavolcanic rocks of the Ghost Rocks and Prince William terranes. Metamorphism and deformation occurred during underthrusting of these terranes beneath the Chugach terrane in early Tertiary time and predated, perhaps by very little, intrusion by early Tertiary granitoids.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Regionally metamorphosed rocks of Alaska","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp1497C","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., Csejtey, B., Foster, H.L., Doyle, E.O., Nokleberg, W.J., and Plafker, G., 1993, Distribution, facies, ages, and proposed tectonic associations of regionally metamorphosed rocks in east- and south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1497, Report: iv, p. C1-C73; 2 Plates: 41.75 x 40.58 inches and 41.96 x 40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1497C.","productDescription":"Report: iv, p. 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cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Csejtey, Bela Jr.","contributorId":61008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Csejtey","given":"Bela","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foster, Helen L.","contributorId":56195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doyle, Elizabeth O.","contributorId":97172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":28896,"text":"wri934052 - 1993 - Hydrology and water chemistry of shallow aquifers along the upper Clark Fork, western Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:49","indexId":"wri934052","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4052","title":"Hydrology and water chemistry of shallow aquifers along the upper Clark Fork, western Montana","docAbstract":"Shallow ground-water resources in western Montana have been developed primarily in Quaternary alluvium and Tertiary deposits, although bedrock supplies water to wells locally. Well-yield and trans- missivity values were largest (medians of 40 gallons per minute and 970 feet squared per day, respec- tively) in alluvium and smallest (medians of 15 gallons per minute and 130 feet squared per day, respectively) in bedrock. Chemical composition of ground water was dominated by calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate derived from dissolution of carbonate minerals. Other water types may be the result of ion exchange (increased sodium) and mixing of geothermal water or leachate from mine wastes (increased sulfate). Although concen- trations of arsenic were relatively small (maximum of 20 micrograms per liter), they were somewhat larger in alluvium within 300 feet of the Clark Fork. Elevated concentrations of cadmium (maximum of 6 micrograms per liter) were measured in water from one well downgradient from tailings ponds. Although mining and smelting activities have resulted in widespread distribution of contami- nants in the Clark Fork valley, this study indicates that ground water contains elevated concentrations of trace elements only locally. Streamflow data indicate significant ground-water inflow to the Clark Fork in two reaches. Between Racetrack and Garrison, irrigation-return flow probably augments naturally occurring ground-water discharge. Between Jens and Cramer Creek, geo- thermal water from bedrock flows through alluvium to the river. In the Clark Fork, the maximum arsenic concentration was 8.1 micrograms per liter; copper and manganese concentrations were largest at Warm Springs (maximums of 14 and 350 micrograms per liter, respectively) and decreased downstream.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934052","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D., 1993, Hydrology and water chemistry of shallow aquifers along the upper Clark Fork, western Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4052, v, 63 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934052.","productDescription":"v, 63 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4052/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57771,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4052/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57772,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4052/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e83c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, D. A.","contributorId":70399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":20106,"text":"ofr92653 - 1993 - Rainfall and runoff data for the Albuquerque, New Mexico, metropolitan area, 1984-1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:37","indexId":"ofr92653","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-653","title":"Rainfall and runoff data for the Albuquerque, New Mexico, metropolitan area, 1984-1988","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr92653","usgsCitation":"Metzker, K., Gold, R., and Thomas, R., 1993, Rainfall and runoff data for the Albuquerque, New Mexico, metropolitan area, 1984-1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-653, vii, 388 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92653.","productDescription":"vii, 388 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152240,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0653/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49651,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0653/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6499fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metzker, K.D.","contributorId":80272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzker","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gold, R.L.","contributorId":97918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, R.P.","contributorId":103307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":64533,"text":"i2090A - 1993 - Map showing sediment isopachs in the deep-sea basins of the Pacific continental margin, Cape Mendocino to Point Conception","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:58","indexId":"i2090A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2090","subseriesTitle":"NONE","chapter":"A","title":"Map showing sediment isopachs in the deep-sea basins of the Pacific continental margin, Cape Mendocino to Point Conception","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a series of cruises, EEZSCAN 84 (EEZ-SCAN 84 Scientific Staff, 1986), to collect reconnaissance data on the newly proclaimed Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), the area out to 200 nautical miles from the coastline of the United States. The cruises systematically surveyed the entire conterminous United States west coast EEZ using the Geological Long-Range Inclined Asdic (GLORIA) side-scan sonar, a 160-in<sup>3</sup> airgun seismic-reflection profiler, a 3.5-kHz high-resolution seismic-reflection profiler, a 10-kHz echo sounder, and a proton-precession magnetometer. The nominal trackline spacing throughout the survey was 30 km.\nDerivative maps of sediment thickness (I-2089-A, I-2090-A, I-2091-A) and depth to basement (I-2089-B, I-2090-B, I-2091-B) in the basins of the west coast EEZ were compiled from both the sonar-image dala and the deep-penetration seismic data obtained on these cruises. Only EEZ-SCAN 84 data were used for the map compilations because available data from other cruises in this region are sparsely located, have poor navigational control, or were obtained with seismic systems that were not powerful enough to resolve oceanic basement. For this map series, sediment thickness and depth to basement were determined only in the deep-ocean basin regions because the seismic system used on the EEZ-SCAN 84 cruises could not resolve oceanic basement beneath the thick sediments of the continental slope. All the data used to compile the maps are presented in the \"Atlas of the Exclusive Economic Zone, Western Conterminous United States\" (EEZ-SCAN 84 Scientific Staff, 1986).\nBasement Outcrops\nGLORIA imagery was used to locate areas of basement outcrop throughout the region. Where possible, sediment thickness on and immediately adjacent to basement outcrops was measured from seismic data. Where there was no bathymetric or seismic control, a seamount peak was assumed to have no sediment cover. A pattern is used on the map to indicate all basement outcrops.\nData Reduction\nAcoustic basement in the basins, invariably oceanic Layer 2, was observed on all of the seismic records. One-way traveltime was measured from the sea floor to acoustic basement. Because the trackline spacing of about 30 km is relatively large compared to the data density along track, we chose to measure the sediment thickness every 0.5 hour or at an interval of approximately 7.5 km. Water depth was measured with a 10-kHz profiler. Depth to basement was calculated using the sea surface as the zero datum and adding the corrected water depth (Carter, 1980) to the sediment thickness. Acoustic travel times were converted to depths by first calculating a regression equation from the interval velocity versus depth data of Connard and others (1984). Their data base comprises a compilation of all available Deep Sea Drilling Project data plus wide-angle refraction data, which were collected in Cascadia Basin west of Oregon and represents the best data set available for the United States west coast EEZ. The regression equation was integrated to determine sediment thickness as a function of one-way traveltime . The resulting equation is\nz = 1400t + 0 .5t<sup>2</sup>\nwhere z is sediment thickness in meters, and t is one-way traveltime in seconds. Sediment thicknesses calculated using this equation were compared to values calculated from the general equation of Carlson and others (1986). Values for sediment thickness calculated by the two equations differed by no greater than 10 percent throughout the range of travel times.\nBathymetry\nThe bathymetry is from Chase and others (1981). The bathymetric data were compiled from a variety of sources, and data quality is inconsistent. Because of differences in navigational precision and density of coverage, the bathymetric contours of a feature may be at a different location than the corresponding isopleths derived from the EEZ-SCAN 84 data, or a feature may not be indicated on the bathymetry at all. These situations occur because either the feature is poorly located in the bathymetric data set or, especially in the outer EEZ, the bathymetric data are too sparse to have defined the existence of a feature.\nAcknowledgments\nTopographic digital data bases were corrected and verified by Christina Lief. Gerald Evenden developed the computer software system MAPGEN, used to compose this map. Reviews, suggestions, and technical contributions from Edward C. Escowitz and Florence Wong and advice about cartographic design from Will Stettner substantially improved the quality of this map.\nReferences Cited\nCarlson, R.L., Gangi, A.F., and Snow, K.R., 1986, Empirical reflection-traveltime/ depth and velocity/depth functions for the deep-sea sediment column: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 91, no. B8, p. 8249-8266.\nCarter, D.J.T., 1980, Echo-sounding correction tables: Taunton, United Kingdom, Hydrographic Department, Ministry of Defence, 150 p.\nChase, T.E., Wilde, Pat, Normark, W.R, Miller, C.P., Seekins, B.A., and Young, J.D., 1981, Offshore topography of the Western United States between 32&deg; and 49&deg; North latitudes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-443, scale 1:864,518 at 38&deg; latitude, 2 sheets.\nConnard, G., Couch, R., Keeling , K., Roy, J., and Troseth, S., 1984, Abyssal plain and continental net-objective sedimentary thicknesses, in Kulm, L.D., and others, eds., Western North America continental margin and adjacent ocean floor off Oregon and Washington, Atlas 1 of Regional Atlas Series, Ocean Margin Drilling Program: Woods Hole, Mass., Marine Science International, sheet 7.\nEEZ-SCAN 84 Scientific Staff, 1986, Atlas of the Exclusive Economic Zone, Western Conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series I-1792, scale 1:500,000, 152 p.\n\nSee Also\n\"U.S. Pacific West Coast Field Activities\" (Paskevich and others, 2011; http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/htmldocs/pc/pc_overview.html).\nPaskevich, V.F., Wong, F.L., O?Malley, J.J., Stevenson, A.J., and Gutmacher, C.E., 2011, GLORIA sidescan-sonar imagery for parts of the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone and adjacent areas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010?1332, available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/i2090A","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J., Cacchione, D., Drake, D., Edwards, B.D., Field, M., Hampton, M.A., Karl, H.A., Kenyon, N.H., Masson, D., McCulloch, D.S., and Grim, M.S., 1993, Map showing sediment isopachs in the deep-sea basins of the Pacific continental margin, Cape Mendocino to Point Conception: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2090, PDF: 56.48 inches x 36.49 inches; 1 map :col. ;78 x 108 cm., on sheet 97 x 143 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i2090A.","productDescription":"PDF: 56.48 inches x 36.49 inches; 1 map :col. ;78 x 108 cm., on sheet 97 x 143 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/i_2090_A.jpg"},{"id":94397,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2090/a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -129,34 ], [ -129,41 ], [ -117,41 ], [ -117,34 ], [ -129,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b11e4b07f02db6a249b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, J.V.","contributorId":76705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":271253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, B. D.","contributorId":27056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Field, M.E.","contributorId":27052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hampton, M. A.","contributorId":103271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kenyon, Neil H.","contributorId":89535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenyon","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Masson, D.G.","contributorId":44160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masson","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McCulloch, D. S.","contributorId":78315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCulloch","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Grim, M. S.","contributorId":102884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grim","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":26673,"text":"wri934056 - 1993 - Surface-water and streambed-sediment quality of streams draining surface-mined land reclaimed with sewage sludge, Fulton County, Illinois, 1972-89","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:32","indexId":"wri934056","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4056","title":"Surface-water and streambed-sediment quality of streams draining surface-mined land reclaimed with sewage sludge, Fulton County, Illinois, 1972-89","docAbstract":"Sewage sludge has been used to reclaim surface- mined land in Fulton County, Ill. The sludge contains substantial concentrations of nutrients and significant concentrations of toxic organic compounds. Because of the concern of the fate of these toxins, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago began an analysis of historical data in 1989 to compare the quality of water and streambed sediments to determine whether the application of sludge is adversely affecting the quality of surface water. Trend analyses on surface-water-quality data suggest that sludge application is affecting the quality of water in Evelyn Branch in the form of increased concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate and kjeldahl nitrogen. However, the concentrations of these constituents in Evelyn Branch, the stream draining the sludge-application field, are small compared to the concentrations upstream from the project area. Analysis of the streambed-quality data indicates that, for the constituents measured, the application of sludge is not affecting the streambed quality in Evelyn Branch. Trend analyses of streambed constituents did not indicate any adverse effects that could be related to the application of sludge. However, the avail- able data are not adequate to determine if the quality of the streambed has been adversely affected by the sludge application. A refinement of the sampling scheme would be necessary to rule out the possibility of present and future adverse effects of sludge application on streambed quality.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934056","usgsCitation":"Coupe, R., and Macy, J.A., 1993, Surface-water and streambed-sediment quality of streams draining surface-mined land reclaimed with sewage sludge, Fulton County, Illinois, 1972-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4056, v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934056.","productDescription":"v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4056/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55538,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4056/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a7dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coupe, R.H.","contributorId":84778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"R.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Macy, J. A.","contributorId":10047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macy","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":66988,"text":"i1803H - 1993 - Geologic map of the Dillon 1° x 2° quadrangle, Idaho and Montana","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":41450,"text":"ofr83168 - 1983 - Preliminary geologic map of the Dillon 1? x 2? Quadrangle, Montana","indexId":"ofr83168","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Dillon 1? x 2? Quadrangle, Montana"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":66988,"text":"i1803H - 1993 - Geologic map of the Dillon 1° x 2° quadrangle, Idaho and Montana","indexId":"i1803H","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Geologic map of the Dillon 1° x 2° quadrangle, Idaho and Montana"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T21:24:17.032723","indexId":"i1803H","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1803","chapter":"H","title":"Geologic map of the Dillon 1° x 2° quadrangle, Idaho and Montana","docAbstract":"The digital ARC/INFO databases included in this website provide a GIS database for the geologic map of the Dillon 1 degree by 2 degree quadrangle of southwest Montana and east-central Idaho.  The geologic map was originally published as U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-1803-H.  This website directory contains ARC/INFO format files that can be used to query or display the geology of USGS Map I-1803-H with GIS software.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1803H","usgsCitation":"Ruppel, E.T., Lopez, D.A., and O’Neill, J., 1993, Geologic map of the Dillon 1° x 2° quadrangle, Idaho and Montana (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1803, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1803H.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":438920,"rank":701,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E0IPJR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"GIS Data for Geologic Map of the Dillon 1 x 2 Degrees Quadrangle, Idaho and Montana"},{"id":190090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6098,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-1803-h/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":107138,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9931.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"9931"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Dillon 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,45 ], [ -114,46 ], [ -112,46 ], [ -112,45 ], [ -114,45 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697be1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppel, E. T.","contributorId":6041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lopez, D. A.","contributorId":99983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neill, J.M.","contributorId":85562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":275416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29980,"text":"wri924196 - 1993 - Statistical summaries of streamflow data for selected gaging stations on and near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, through September 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-22T11:17:12","indexId":"wri924196","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4196","title":"Statistical summaries of streamflow data for selected gaging stations on and near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, through September 1990","docAbstract":"<p>Statistical summaries and graphs of streamflow data were prepared for 13 \ngaging stations with 5 or more years of continuous record on and near the Idaho \nNational Engineering Laboratory. Statistical summaries of streamflow data for \nthe Big and Little Lost Rivers and Birch Creek were analyzed as a requisite for a \ncomprehensive evaluation of the potential for flooding of facilities at the Idaho \nNational Engineering Laboratory.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The type of statistical analyses performed depended on the length of \nstreamflow record for a gaging station. Streamflow statistics generated for \nstations with 5 to 9 years of record were: (1) magnitudes of monthly and annual \nflows; (2) duration of daily mean flows; and (3) maximum, median, and \nminimum daily mean flows. Streamflow statistics generated for stations with 10 \nor more years of record were: (1) magnitudes of monthly and annual flows; \n(2) magnitudes and frequencies of daily low, high, instantaneous peak (flood \nfrequency), and annual mean flows; (3) duration of daily mean flows; \n(4) exceedance probabilities of annual low, high, instantaneous peak, and mean \nannual flows; (5) maximum, median, and minimum daily mean flows; and \n(6) annual mean and mean annual flows.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Boise, ID","doi":"10.3133/wri924196","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Stone, M.A., Mann, L.J., and Kjelstrom, L., 1993, Statistical summaries of streamflow data for selected gaging stations on and near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, through September 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4196, ii, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924196.","productDescription":"ii, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4196/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58788,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4196/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Big Lost River;Birch Creek;Little Lost River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.666667,43.15 ], [ -114.666667,44.75 ], [ -111.333333,44.75 ], [ -111.333333,43.15 ], [ -114.666667,43.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dce4b07f02db5e1b7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, M. A. J.","contributorId":27496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Larry J.","contributorId":48531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kjelstrom, L.C.","contributorId":89104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kjelstrom","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27499,"text":"wri934006 - 1993 - Hydrology and water quality of Reedy Creek in the Reedy Creek Improvement District, central Florida, 1986-89","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:44","indexId":"wri934006","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4006","title":"Hydrology and water quality of Reedy Creek in the Reedy Creek Improvement District, central Florida, 1986-89","docAbstract":"The Reedy Creek Improvement District encompasses an area of about 43 sq mi in southwestern Orange and northwestern Osceola Counties in central Florida. The District operates a wastewater-treatment plant that discharges through two forested wetland areas and a percolation-pond system into Reedy Creek. Discharges from these wetland systems provide a relatively steady base flow which maintains streamflow in Reedy Creek during periods of low rainfall. Streamflows during the study were characterized by relatively long periods of below-average discharge interspersed with periods of high discharges. The highest mean discharges were recorded in 1988 and the lowest mean discharges were recorded in 1989. Water-quality data collection included the operation of four continuous water-quality monitors recording hourly water temperature, specific conductance, and dissolved oxygen concentration, and the collection of water-quality samples. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were similar for all stations on Reedy Creek and frequently were less than the minimum Florida standard of 5.0 mg/L. These low dissolved oxygen concentrations probably are the result of natural conditions. Nutrient analyses of water-quality samples were used to compute loadings into and out of a wetland conservation area in the southern part of the District and in the reach of Reedy Creek downstream from the wastewater discharges. Overall retention percentages for 1986-89, not including atmospheric and precipitation inputs, were 59.1 percent for total ammonia nitrogen: 3.4 percent for total organic nitrogen, which was the predominant nitrogen species: 33.2 percent for total nitrate nitrogen; 27.0 percent for total phosphorus; and 26.0 percent for total organic carbon. Highest loading inputs to the wetland conservation area were from the reach of Reedy Creek receiving wastewater discharge. Discharges from the wetlands receiving wastewater and entering the wetland conservation area during 1988 carried 16.3 percent of the total nitrogen load, and 25.0 percent of the total phosphorus load: during 1989 the discharges carried 22.0 percent of the total N and 21.0 percent of the total P.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934006","usgsCitation":"Hampson, P.S., 1993, Hydrology and water quality of Reedy Creek in the Reedy Creek Improvement District, central Florida, 1986-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4006, vi, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934006.","productDescription":"vi, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123532,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4006/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56349,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4006/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db604da7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hampson, P. S.","contributorId":58677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27492,"text":"wri924153 - 1993 - Summary of ground-water data and evaluation of ground-water monitoring networks for eastern Merced County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:35","indexId":"wri924153","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4153","title":"Summary of ground-water data and evaluation of ground-water monitoring networks for eastern Merced County, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri924153","usgsCitation":"Hamlin, S.N., 1993, Summary of ground-water data and evaluation of ground-water monitoring networks for eastern Merced County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4153, v, 14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924153.","productDescription":"v, 14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4153/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56342,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4153/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6991de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamlin, S. N.","contributorId":46560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlin","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18726,"text":"ofr93307 - 1993 - Pliocene planktic foraminifer census data from Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 445","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:24","indexId":"ofr93307","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-307","title":"Pliocene planktic foraminifer census data from Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 445","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr93307","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H., and West, S., 1993, Pliocene planktic foraminifer census data from Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 445: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-307, 5 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93307.","productDescription":"5 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0307/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48088,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0307/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684e2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, H.J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":87924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"West, S.M.","contributorId":55458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20082,"text":"ofr93449 - 1993 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of chromium in water by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T18:08:55.847892","indexId":"ofr93449","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-449","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of chromium in water by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry","docAbstract":"Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry is a sensitive, precise, and accurate method for the determination of chromium in natural water samples. The detection limit for this analytical method is 0.4 microg/L with a working linear limit of 25.0 microg/L. The precision at the detection limit ranges from 20 to 57 percent relative standard deviation (RSD) with an improvement to 4.6 percent RSD for concentrations more than 3 microg/L. Accuracy of this method was determined for a variety of reference standards that was representative of the analytical range. The results were within the established standard deviations. Samples were spiked with known concentrations of chromium with recoveries ranging from 84 to 122 percent. In addition, a comparison of data between graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry and direct-current plasma atomic emission spectrometry resulted in suitable agreement between the two methods, with an average deviation of +/- 2.0 microg/L throughout the analytical range.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93449","usgsCitation":"McLain, B., 1993, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of chromium in water by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-449, v, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93449.","productDescription":"v, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":49635,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0449/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153352,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0449/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bbc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLain, B.J.","contributorId":88387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLain","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29994,"text":"wri924135 - 1993 - Hydraulic properties of three types of glacial deposits in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:54","indexId":"wri924135","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4135","title":"Hydraulic properties of three types of glacial deposits in Ohio","docAbstract":"The effects of thickness, grain size, fractures, weathering, and atmosphericconditions on vertical ground-water flow in glacial deposits were studied at three sites that represent ground moraine, end moraine, and lacustrine depositional environments. Vertical hydraulic conductivities computed from pumped-well tests were 3.24 x 10-1 to 6.47 x 10-1 ft/d (feet per day) at the site representing end moraine and 1.17 ft/d at the site representing lacustrine deposits. Analysis of test data for the ground moraine site did not yield estimates of hydraulic conductivities, but did indicate that ground water flows through the total thickness of deposits in response to discharge from a lower gravel unit. Vertical hydraulic conductivities computed from pumped-well tests of nested wells and data from drill-core analyses indicate that fractures affect the migration of ground water downward through the glacial deposits at these sites. Flow through glacial deposits is complex; it is controlled by fractures, gram-size distribution, clay content, thickness, and degree of weathering, and atmospheric conditions.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri924135","usgsCitation":"Strobel, M., 1993, Hydraulic properties of three types of glacial deposits in Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4135, vi, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924135.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4135/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58802,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4135/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a134","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strobel, M.L.","contributorId":81945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strobel","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18602,"text":"ofr93406 - 1993 - Methods for collecting benthic invertebrate samples as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":18602,"text":"ofr93406 - 1993 - Methods for collecting benthic invertebrate samples as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","indexId":"ofr93406","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"title":"Methods for collecting benthic invertebrate samples as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":50492,"text":"ofr2002150 - 2002 - Revised Protocols for Sampling Algal, Invertebrate, and Fish Communities as Part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","indexId":"ofr2002150","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Revised Protocols for Sampling Algal, Invertebrate, and Fish Communities as Part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":50492,"text":"ofr2002150 - 2002 - Revised Protocols for Sampling Algal, Invertebrate, and Fish Communities as Part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","indexId":"ofr2002150","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Revised Protocols for Sampling Algal, Invertebrate, and Fish Communities as Part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:27","indexId":"ofr93406","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-406","title":"Methods for collecting benthic invertebrate samples as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","docAbstract":"Benthic invertebrate communities are evaluated as part of the ecological survey component of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. These biological data are collected along with physical and chemical data to assess water-quality conditions and to develop an understanding of the factors that affect water-quality conditions locally, regionally, and nationally. The objectives of benthic invertebrate community characterizations are to (1) develop for each site a list of tax a within the associated stream reach and (2) determine the structure of benthic invertebrate communities within selected habitats of that reach. A nationally consistent approach is used to achieve these objectives. This approach provides guidance on site, reach, and habitat selection and methods and equipment for qualitative multihabitat sampling and semi-quantitative single habitat sampling. Appropriate quality-assurance and quality-control guidelines are used to maximize the ability to analyze data within and among study units.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr93406","usgsCitation":"Cuffney, T.F., Gurtz, M.E., and Meador, M., 1993, Methods for collecting benthic invertebrate samples as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-406, v, 66 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93406.","productDescription":"v, 66 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1088,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr93-406","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":150811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a154","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":179414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gurtz, Martin E. megurtz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurtz","given":"Martin","email":"megurtz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":179416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meador, Michael R. mrmeador@usgs.gov","contributorId":615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"Michael R.","email":"mrmeador@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":179415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":41798,"text":"ofr9381 - 1993 - Approximate changes in water levels in wells completed in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, 1990-93 and 1992-93, in Fort Bend County and adjacent areas, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-15T12:11:52","indexId":"ofr9381","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-81","title":"Approximate changes in water levels in wells completed in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, 1990-93 and 1992-93, in Fort Bend County and adjacent areas, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>This report was prepared in cooperation with the Fort Bend Subsidence District and presents data on water-level changes in wells during 1990-93 and 1992-93 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers (figs. 1-4) in Fort Bend County. &nbsp;Water-level changes maps were prepared previously by Locke (1990), and Locke and Santos (1992) for both aquifers, and by Wesselman (1972) for the Chicot aquifers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9381","usgsCitation":"Santos, H.X., and Barbie, D.L., 1993, Approximate changes in water levels in wells completed in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, 1990-93 and 1992-93, in Fort Bend County and adjacent areas, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-81, 4 Plates: 29.52 x 25.95 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9381.","productDescription":"4 Plates: 29.52 x 25.95 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":168563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr9381.PNG"},{"id":79518,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0081/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":79517,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0081/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":79519,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0081/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":79520,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0081/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a1e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Santos, Horatio X.","contributorId":105348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santos","given":"Horatio","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barbie, Dana L.","contributorId":64632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbie","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20591,"text":"ofr93236 - 1993 - Preliminary data on the lithology, bromine distribution, and insoluble minerals from the A-1 Evaporite Formation, Salina Group, in the JEM Petroleum Corporation, Bruggers 3-7 Core, Missaukee County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:43","indexId":"ofr93236","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-236","title":"Preliminary data on the lithology, bromine distribution, and insoluble minerals from the A-1 Evaporite Formation, Salina Group, in the JEM Petroleum Corporation, Bruggers 3-7 Core, Missaukee County, Michigan","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr93236","usgsCitation":"Raup, O.B., and Hite, R.J., 1993, Preliminary data on the lithology, bromine distribution, and insoluble minerals from the A-1 Evaporite Formation, Salina Group, in the JEM Petroleum Corporation, Bruggers 3-7 Core, Missaukee County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-236, 15 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93236.","productDescription":"15 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0236/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":50108,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0236/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699f70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raup, O. B.","contributorId":19175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raup","given":"O.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hite, R. J.","contributorId":82701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hite","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20558,"text":"ofr93462 - 1993 - Compilation of surface-water and water-quality data-collection sites on selected streams in Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:35","indexId":"ofr93462","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-462","title":"Compilation of surface-water and water-quality data-collection sites on selected streams in Virginia","docAbstract":"This report presents a listing of about 8,900 selected surface-water and water-quality data sites in Virginia where hydrologic and water-quality measurements have been made for the past 100 yr. The listing includes the agency station/site identification number and name, drainage area, datum, source agency, type of data collected, period of record for data collection, latitude and longitude, county, and name of the 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle containing the site location","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr93462","usgsCitation":"Prugh, B., and Humphrey, C., 1993, Compilation of surface-water and water-quality data-collection sites on selected streams in Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-462, iv, 645 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93462.","productDescription":"iv, 645 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0462/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":50076,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0462/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a885f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prugh, Byron Jr.","contributorId":36797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prugh","given":"Byron","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Humphrey, C.G.","contributorId":30867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Humphrey","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":4917,"text":"twri06A3 - 1993 - A modular finite-element model (MODFE) for areal and axisymmetric ground-water-flow problems, Part 1: Model Description and User's Manual","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":21165,"text":"ofr90194 - 1992 - A modular finite-element model (MODFE) for areal and axisymmetric ground-water-flow problems; Part 1, Model description and user's manual","indexId":"ofr90194","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"A modular finite-element model (MODFE) for areal and axisymmetric ground-water-flow problems; Part 1, Model description and user's manual"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4917,"text":"twri06A3 - 1993 - A modular finite-element model (MODFE) for areal and axisymmetric ground-water-flow problems, Part 1: Model Description and User's Manual","indexId":"twri06A3","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"title":"A modular finite-element model (MODFE) for areal and axisymmetric ground-water-flow problems, Part 1: Model Description and User's Manual"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:43","indexId":"twri06A3","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"06-A3","title":"A modular finite-element model (MODFE) for areal and axisymmetric ground-water-flow problems, Part 1: Model Description and User's Manual","docAbstract":"A MODular, Finite-Element digital-computer program (MODFE) was developed to simulate steady or unsteady-state, two-dimensional or axisymmetric ground-water flow. Geometric- and hydrologic-aquifer characteristics in two spatial dimensions are represented by triangular finite elements and linear basis functions; one-dimensional finite elements and linear basis functions represent time. Finite-element matrix equations are solved by the direct symmetric-Doolittle method or the iterative modified, incomplete-Cholesky, conjugate-gradient method. Physical processes that can be represented by the model include (1) confined flow, unconfined flow (using the Dupuit approximation), or a combination of both; (2) leakage through either rigid or elastic confining beds; (3) specified recharge or discharge at points, along lines, and over areas; (4) flow across specified-flow, specified-head, or bead-dependent boundaries; (5) decrease of aquifer thickness to zero under extreme water-table decline and increase of aquifer thickness from zero as the water table rises; and (6) head-dependent fluxes from springs, drainage wells, leakage across riverbeds or confining beds combined with aquifer dewatering, and evapotranspiration.\r\nThe report describes procedures for applying MODFE to ground-water-flow problems, simulation capabilities, and data preparation. Guidelines for designing the finite-element mesh and for node numbering and determining band widths are given. Tables are given that reference simulation capabilities to specific versions of MODFE. Examples of data input and model output for different versions of MODFE are provided.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/twri06A3","usgsCitation":"Torak, L., 1993, A modular finite-element model (MODFE) for areal and axisymmetric ground-water-flow problems, Part 1: Model Description and User's Manual: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 06-A3, USGS-TWRI book 6, chap. A3. 136 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/twri06A3.","productDescription":"USGS-TWRI book 6, chap. A3. 136 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":686,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri6a3/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adeb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torak, L.J.","contributorId":87533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torak","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":21040,"text":"ofr93108 - 1993 - Selected hydrologic data for southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah, 1890-1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-18T20:08:25.951401","indexId":"ofr93108","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-108","title":"Selected hydrologic data for southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah, 1890-1992","docAbstract":"<p>This report contains hydrologic data collected in southern Utah and Goshen Valleys from 1890 to 1992. Southern Utah and Goshen Valleys are south of Salt Lake City in Utah County, north-central Utah. The area is bounded on the east and south by the Wasatch Range, on the south by Long Ridge, on the west by the East Tintic Mountains and the Mosida Hills, and on the north by a line through about the middle of T. 7 S. Southern Utah Valley and Goshen Valley are divided by the northern tip of Long Ridge, West Mountain, and Utah Lake (Cordova, 1970). The area is in the Basin and Range physiographic province described by Fenneman (1931), and includes about 390 square miles.</p><p>Most of the data in this report were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights. Some of the earlier data were published previously by Cordova (1969 and 1970).</p><p>The purpose of this report is to provide hydrologic data for use by the general public and by officials managing the area's water resources, and to document data collected during a 4-year study of the ground-water resources in southern Utah and Goshen Valleys. Tables 1 to 8 contain selected ground- and surface-water data. Select data, including well depth and water level, is given for over 400 wells, and chemical analyses are given of samples from about 90 wells. The numbering system used in Utah for hydrologic-data sites is illustrated in figure 1. Hydrologic-data sites are shown on plate 1.</p><p>These data could not have been collected without the cooperation of local residents and officials of irrigation companies and municipalities, who permitted access to their wells and property.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/ofr93108","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Stolp, B.J., Drumiler, M.J., and Brooks, L.E., 1993, Selected hydrologic data for southern Utah and Goshen Valleys, Utah, 1890-1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-108, Report: iv, 110 p.; 1 Plate: 18.74 in x 21.11 in, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93108.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 110 p.; 1 Plate: 18.74 in x 21.11 in","numberOfPages":"113","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154373,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0108/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":420917,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12626.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":50630,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0108/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":50631,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0108/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Goshen Valley, Utah Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.042,\n              40.209\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.042,\n              39.809\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.512,\n              39.809\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.512,\n              40.209\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.042,\n              40.209\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publicComments":"This report is also Utah Hydrologic-Data Report no. 50","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8a5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stolp, Bernard J. 0000-0003-3803-1497 bjstolp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-1497","contributorId":963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolp","given":"Bernard","email":"bjstolp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":183733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drumiler, Marilyn J.","contributorId":68767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drumiler","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, Lynette E. 0000-0002-9074-0939 lebrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-0939","contributorId":2718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Lynette","email":"lebrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":183731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":25522,"text":"wri924168 - 1993 - Geohydrology and Possible Transport Routes of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Haiku Valley, Oahu, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:15","indexId":"wri924168","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4168","title":"Geohydrology and Possible Transport Routes of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Haiku Valley, Oahu, Hawaii","docAbstract":"A combination of geologic mapping, seepage runs, water-budget computation, analysis of stream-gaging records, study of stream sediment, and measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was used to investigate the geohydrology and possible routes of PCB transport from areas of possible contamination in the U.S. Coast Guard's Omega Station in Haiku Valley, Oahu, Hawaii. The PCBs were a contaminant in fuel that was sprayed on vegetation and ignited during defoliation efforts at the Omega Station.\r\n\r\nHaiku Valley is a stream valley eroded into a thick section of dike-intruded, highly permeable lava flows. The valley is partly filled with alluvium, pyroclastics and massive lava flows. A shallow aquifer system is formed by a permeable unit of pyroclastics which is bounded below by less permeable alluvium, massive lava flows, and weathered basalt. A deeper aquifer system is present in the dike-intruded lava flows. Much of the area of suspected PCB-contaminated fuel application in Haiku Valley is situated on the geologic unit that forms the shallow aquifer.\r\n\r\nA water budget calculated for the drainage area of a stream-gaging station (16275000) at the downgradient boundary of the Omega Station indicates that the shallow and deep aquifers receive recharge of 5.1 cubic feet per second from the 0.98 square-mile drainage area; approximately 10 percent of the drainage area is suspected to have been contaminated by PCBs. Approximately 4 cubic feet per second of water is withdrawn from the aquifers by a well and a water tunnel in the valley, but the geology of the area indicates that some of the water withdrawn by the tunnel also comes from recharge beyond the surface-water divides of Haiku Valley. Base flow to the stream is about 1.2 cubic feet per second.\r\n\r\nA water-balance calculation between recharge, well and tunnel withdrawals, and stream base flow, indicates that 1.0 cubic feet per second or more of the water recharging the drainage area may travel through the subsurface and discharge downstream beyond the limits of the Omega Station. Mass-balance calculations indicate that the concentration of PCBs that dissolves in the ground-water as it infiltrates contaminated areas will be on the order of 10-7 micrograms per liter, but these calculations are based on a number of assumptions where data are lacking. \r\n\r\nAnalysis of sediment from Heeia Stream indicates that the sediment is transporting PCBs past station 16275000. Although PCB concentrations in unfiltered stream water samples collected at the station were below detection limits 0.1 micrograms per liter, PCB concentrations ranged from 64 to 230 micrograms per kilogram in suspended sediment extracted from stream water. Because most of the suspended sediment in Heeia Stream is deposited in a wetland near the coast, the potential for PCB accumulation is greatest in the wetland.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri924168","usgsCitation":"Izuka, S.K., Hill, B.R., Shade, P.J., and Tribble, G.W., 1993, Geohydrology and Possible Transport Routes of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Haiku Valley, Oahu, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4168, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924168.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4168/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54238,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4168/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8d71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izuka, Scot K. 0000-0002-8758-9414 skizuka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-9414","contributorId":2645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izuka","given":"Scot","email":"skizuka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Barry R.","contributorId":57494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shade, Patricia J.","contributorId":30618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shade","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tribble, Gordon W. gtribble@usgs.gov","contributorId":2643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tribble","given":"Gordon","email":"gtribble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":194030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":17607,"text":"ofr93457 - 1993 - Reconnaissance data for selected herbicides, two atrazine metabolities, and nitrate in surface water of the Midwestern United States, 1989-90","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T14:27:59","indexId":"ofr93457","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-457","title":"Reconnaissance data for selected herbicides, two atrazine metabolities, and nitrate in surface water of the Midwestern United States, 1989-90","docAbstract":"Water-quality data were collected from 147 rivers and streams during 1989-90 to assess selected preemergent herbicides, two atrazine metabolites, and nitrate in 10 Midwestern States. This report includes a description of the sampling design, data collection techniques, laboratory and analytical methods, and a compilation of constituent concentrations and quality-assurance data. All water samples were collected by depth-integrating techniques at three to five locations across the wetted perimeter of each stream. Sites were sampled three times in l989--before application of herbi- cides, during the first major runoff after appli- cation of herbicides, and in the fall during a low-flow period when ground water contributed to most of the streamflow. About 50 sites were selected by a stratified random procedure and resampled for both pre- and post-application herbicide concen- trations in 1990 to verify the 1989 results. Laboratory analyses consisted of both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with confirmation by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The data are useful in studying herbicide transport, in comparison of the spatial distribution of the post-application concentrations of 11 herbicides and 2 atrazine metabolites (deethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine) in streams and rivers at a regional scale. It is also useful in examination of annual persistence of herbicides and two metabolites in surface water, and in the assessment of atrazine metabolites as indicators of surface- and ground- water interaction. The reconnaissance data are contained in this report and are also available on computer diskette from the U.S. Geological Survey in Lawrence, Kansas.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr93457","usgsCitation":"Scribner, E., Thurman, E., Goolsby, D.A., Meyer, M.T., Mills, M.S., and Pomes, M., 1993, Reconnaissance data for selected herbicides, two atrazine metabolities, and nitrate in surface water of the Midwestern United States, 1989-90: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-457, vi, 77 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93457.","productDescription":"vi, 77 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":150789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0457/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46800,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0457/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.71093749999999,\n              37.16031654673677\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.265625,\n              37.16031654673677\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.265625,\n              48.922499263758255\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.71093749999999,\n              48.922499263758255\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.71093749999999,\n              37.16031654673677\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644457","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scribner, E.A.","contributorId":50925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scribner","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mills, M. S.","contributorId":96279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pomes, M.L.","contributorId":84393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pomes","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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