{"pageNumber":"1379","pageRowStart":"34450","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40893,"records":[{"id":27740,"text":"wri914194 - 1992 - Statistical models for estimating daily streamflow in Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-13T11:14:58","indexId":"wri914194","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4194","title":"Statistical models for estimating daily streamflow in Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>Statistical models for estimating daily streamflow were analyzed for 25 pairs of streamflow-gaging stations in Michigan. Stations were paired by randomly choosing a station operated in 1989 at which 10 or more years of continuous flow data had been collected and at which flow is virtually unregulated; a nearby station was chosen where flow characteristics are similar. Streamflow data from the 25 randomly selected stations were used as the response variables; streamflow data at the nearby stations were used to generate a set of explanatory variables. </p><p>Ordinary-least squares regression (OLSR) equations, autoregressive integrated moving-average (ARIMA) equations, and transfer function-noise (TFN) equations were developed to estimate the log transform of flow for the 25 randomly selected stations. The precision of each type of equation was evaluated on the basis of the standard deviation of the estimation errors. OLSR equations produce one set of estimation errors; ARIMA and TFN models each produce <i>l</i> sets of estimation errors corresponding to the forecast lead. The lead-<i>l</i> forecast is the estimate of flow <i>l</i> days ahead of the most recent streamflow used as a response variable in the estimation. In this analysis, the standard deviation of lead <i>l</i> ARIMA and TFN forecast errors were generally lower than the standard deviation of OLSR errors for <i>l</i> &lt; 2 days and <i>l</i> &lt; 9 days, respectively. </p><p>Composite estimates were computed as a weighted average of forecasts based on TFN equations and backcasts (forecasts of the reverse-ordered series) based on ARIMA equations. The standard deviation of composite errors varied throughout the length of the estimation interval and generally was at maximum near the center of the interval. For comparison with OLSR errors, the mean standard deviation of composite errors were computed for intervals of length 1 to 40 days. The mean standard deviation of length-<i>l</i> composite errors were generally less than the standard deviation of the OLSR errors for <i>l</i> &lt; 32 days. In addition, the composite estimates ensure a gradual transition between periods of estimated and measured flows. </p><p>Model performance among stations of differing model error magnitudes were compared by computing ratios of the mean standard deviation of the length <i>l</i> composite errors to the standard deviation of OLSR errors. The mean error ratio for the set of 25 selected stations was less than 1 for intervals <i>l</i> &lt; 32 days. Considering the frequency characteristics of the length of intervals of estimated record in Michigan, the effective mean error ratio for intervals &lt; 30 days was 0.52. Thus, for intervals of estimation of 1 month or less, the error of the composite estimate is substantially lower than error of the OLSR estimate.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri914194","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Holtschlag, D., and Salehi, H., 1992, Statistical models for estimating daily streamflow in Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4194, iv, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914194.","productDescription":"iv, 48 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4194/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56586,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4194/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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J. 0000-0001-5185-4928","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-4928","contributorId":102493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holtschlag","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Salehi, Habib","contributorId":81942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salehi","given":"Habib","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":18982,"text":"ofr91455 - 1992 - Listings of model-input values for the simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico and El Paso County, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:30","indexId":"ofr91455","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-455","title":"Listings of model-input values for the simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico and El Paso County, Texas","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nAvailable from U.S. Geological Survey Books and Open-File Reports,","doi":"10.3133/ofr91455","usgsCitation":"Frenzel, P.F., 1992, Listings of model-input values for the simulation of ground-water flow in the Mesilla Basin, Dona Ana County, New Mexico and El Paso County, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-455, 7 p. ; 2 computer disks ;5 1/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr91455.","productDescription":"7 p. ; 2 computer disks ;5 1/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0455/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48390,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0455/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ee8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frenzel, P. F.","contributorId":98726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frenzel","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":20120,"text":"ofr935 - 1992 - Program TracePlot, version 1.1; seismic trace plotting program for the Macintosh","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":20120,"text":"ofr935 - 1992 - Program TracePlot, version 1.1; seismic trace plotting program for the Macintosh","indexId":"ofr935","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Program TracePlot, version 1.1; seismic trace plotting program for the Macintosh"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":20121,"text":"ofr93226 - 1993 - Program TracePlot, version 2.0; seismic trace plotting program for the Macintosh","indexId":"ofr93226","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"title":"Program TracePlot, version 2.0; seismic trace plotting program for the Macintosh"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":20121,"text":"ofr93226 - 1993 - Program TracePlot, version 2.0; seismic trace plotting program for the Macintosh","indexId":"ofr93226","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"title":"Program TracePlot, version 2.0; seismic trace plotting program for the Macintosh"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-01T17:57:23.198997","indexId":"ofr935","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-5","title":"Program TracePlot, version 1.1; seismic trace plotting program for the Macintosh","docAbstract":"<p>Program TracePlot, Version 1.1, is a Macintosh software application to access a SEG-Y format seismic data file and display the seismic traces on the CRT screen of a Macintosh microcomputer. Both color and monochrome monitors are supported. Display modes are Wiggle-trace, Variable Area, or Wiggle plus Variable Area. Horizontal and vertical resolution is dependant upon the size of the monitor that is attached to the computer. The user controls the following parameters: 1) number of traces to be displayed on the screen at any one time, 2) the time window displayed, 3) the seismic trace in the file at which to begin plotting and trace increment to display thereafter, 4) plot direction 5) timing-line annotation increment, and 6) type of gain to apply (either constant gain factor, or trace-by-trace normalization). A pull-down menu provides interactive help during program execution. A utility program is also included which provides the function of copying a portion of a SEG-Y format data file to another file.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr935","usgsCitation":"Miller, J.J., 1992, Program TracePlot, version 1.1; seismic trace plotting program for the Macintosh: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-5, ii, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr935.","productDescription":"ii, 10 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":493362,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0005/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":152545,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0005/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6886ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, J. J.","contributorId":54588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38445,"text":"pp1405C - 1992 - Simulation of regional ground-water flow in the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system in the northern Midwest, United States: in <i>Regional aquifer-system analysis</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-06T09:49:22","indexId":"pp1405C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1405","chapter":"C","title":"Simulation of regional ground-water flow in the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system in the northern Midwest, United States: in <i>Regional aquifer-system analysis</i>","docAbstract":"<p>A six-State area in the northern Midwest of the United States has become increasingly dependent on ground water from the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system, which consists of a sequence of sandstones, carbonate rocks, and shales. Ground-water withdrawals from the aquifer system began in the late 1800's and increased to approximately 684 million gallons per day (1,058 cubic feet per second) by 1980. This withdrawal has caused more than 900 feet of decline in the potentiometric surface of the aquifer system in parts of the Chicago, Ill., area. Pumping in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., Milwaukee, Wis., and central Iowa has produced a few hundreds of feet of water-level decline.</p>\n<p>A quasi-three-dimensional ground-water flow model was developed to improve understanding of the regional ground-water flow system by simulating the aquifer system under the conditions that existed before and during ground-water development. The Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system and the overlying rocks were incorporated in the conceptual model as five aquifer layers with four intervening confining layers. The aquifer layers, from top to bottom, are as follows: Quaternary deposits and Cretaceous rocks (aquifer layer 5); basal Devonian carbonate rocks and underlying Silurian carbonate rocks (aquifer layer 4); Middle Ordovician St. Peter Sandstone, Lower Ordovician Prairie du Chien Group, and Upper Cambrian Jordan Sandstone (aquifer layer 3); Upper Cambrian Ironton and Galesville Sandstones (aquifer layer 2); and Upper Cambrian Mount Simon Sandstone and Precambrian Hinckley Sandstone (aquifer layer 1).</p>\n<p>The effects on the flow system of ground water having variable density and the individual aquifer layer contribution of flow to wells open to several aquifer layers were simulated by incorporating appropriate terms in the ground-water flow equation and corresponding modifications in the ground-water flow model.</p>\n<p>Results of steady-state simulations are shown as maps of freshwater head and as flow-rate vectors. A comparison was made of available predevelopment head data and simulated predevelopment heads for the Mount Simon, St. Peter-Prairie du Chien-Jordan, and Silurian-Devonian aquifers. The root mean square of the differences between observed and simulated heads for these aquifers was 53, 36, and 44 feet, respectively.</p>\n<p>Steady-state model simulation indicates that regional recharge areas are located in northwestern Iowa, southeastern Minnesota, much of Wisconsin, northern Illinois, and central Missouri. Regional discharge areas are located near the Mississippi River and its tributaries, the Missouri River, Lake Michigan, and the Illinois basin.</p>\n<p>Results of a transient simulation of the period 1861 to 1980 are shown as maps of freshwater head and freshwater-head decline. The root mean square of the differences between observed and simulated heads for the St. Peter-Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer was 63 feet. In addition, hydrographs of simulated hydraulic head were compared with hydrographs of observed head in wells open to various combinations of aquifers. The numerous head measurements within a model node display a wide range in magnitude; however, their historical trend generally follows the trend of the simulated heads.</p>\n<p>The simulated recharge from the glacial drift to the immediately underlying bedrock aquifers averages 0.03, 0.06, 0.24, and 0.02 inch per year, respectively, to the Mount Simon, Ironton-Galesville, St. Peter- Prairie du Chien-Jordan, and Silurian-Devonian aquifers for predevelopment conditions and 0.03, 0.07, 0.45, and 0.07 inch per year, respectively, to the same aquifers for 1976-80. These recharge rates are less than 1.5 percent of average annual precipitation of about 30 inches per year. Most of the recharge from precipitation discharges to streams as base flow through local and intermediate ground-water flow systems. Only a small fraction of the precipitation recharges the deeper, regional flow system. The simulated predevelopment recharge of 571 cubic feet per second is balanced by an equivalent discharge. For the period 1976-80, simulated recharge increased to 1,398 cubic feet per second. Total discharge, including pumpage from the four bedrock aquifers, increased to 1,619 cubic feet per second. The difference in recharge and discharge during this period is from aquifer storage.</p>\n<p>Results of variable-density simulations indicate that the rate of ground-water movement is small in areas where ground water is highly mineralized. The rates and directions are controlled by the intrinsic permeability of the rock, freshwater head gradients, and gravitational force.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Regional aquifer-system analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1405C","usgsCitation":"Mandle, R., and Kontis, A., 1992, Simulation of regional ground-water flow in the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system in the northern Midwest, United States: in <i>Regional aquifer-system analysis</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1405, viii, 97 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1405C.","productDescription":"viii, 97 p.","numberOfPages":"111","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":64920,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1405c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1405c/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.044921875,\n              45.9511496866914\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.330078125,\n              46.042735653846506\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3955078125,\n              46.31658418182218\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.59277343749999,\n              46.34692761055676\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.603515625,\n              46.13417004624326\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7021484375,\n              45.24395342262324\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.8447265625,\n              43.644025847699496\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.6796875,\n              42.553080288955826\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.7236328125,\n              41.83682786072714\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.328125,\n              40.78054143186031\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.2734375,\n              39.16414104768742\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.8779296875,\n              38.37611542403604\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.8232421875,\n              37.996162679728116\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7470703125,\n              37.54457732085582\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.69238281249999,\n              37.71859032558816\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.1982421875,\n              38.03078569382294\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.01171875,\n              38.685509760012\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.78125,\n              39.16414104768742\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.4404296875,\n              42.45588764197166\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8798828125,\n              43.29320031385282\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.099609375,\n              44.15068115978091\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.044921875,\n              45.9511496866914\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648697","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mandle, R.J.","contributorId":27090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandle","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kontis, A.L.","contributorId":69542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kontis","given":"A.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28837,"text":"wri884173 - 1992 - Water resources and aquifer yields in the Charles River basin, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-18T16:48:07.639474","indexId":"wri884173","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4173","title":"Water resources and aquifer yields in the Charles River basin, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<p><span>In 1984, about 66 Mgal/d (million gallons per </span><span>day) of municipally supplied water was used by towns </span><span>in the middle and upper Charles River basin and by </span><span>the city of Cambridge in the lower basin. The Division </span><span>of Water Resources of the Massachusetts Department </span><span>of Environmental Management estimates that by the </span><span>year 2020 an additional 11 Mgal/d of water will be </span><span>needed to meet demands. The largest sources of un</span><span>used water in the basin are 15 stratified-drift aquifers </span><span>along the Charles River that are hydraulically con</span><span>nected to the river and to its major tributaries. These </span><span>aquifers, which consist mainly of medium to coarse </span><span>sand and gravel, are generally unconfined, narrow, </span><span>and discontinuous. They are as much as 100 feet </span><span>thick, and transmissivity ranges from about 1,000 to </span><span>25,000 cubic feet per day per square foot times foot of </span><span>aquifer thickness. The depth to the water table from </span><span>the land surface generally is less than 15 feet and the </span><span>water table fluctuates about 3 to 5 feet annually. </span><span>Recharge to the aquifers is mostly derived from precipita</span><span>tion, and the aquifers continuously discharge ground water </span><span>to streams, ponds, lakes, and wetlands.</span></p><p><span>Aquifer yields from the 15 aquifers under normal climatic conditions were related to the estimated duration of flow of the streams that drain the aquifers. Long-term (180 days or more) aquifer yields that are derived from interception of ground-water discharge range from less than 1 to more than 5 Mgal/d at the streamflow that is exceeded 95 percent of the time. However, because withdrawal may reduce streamflow in the Charles River to unacceptable levels, these yield estimates were adjusted to meet commonly cited minimum-streamflow criteria. For example, if minimum streamflows in the Charles River are maintained at no less than the annual 7-day, 10-year, mean low flow for 95 percent of the time, only three of the 15 aquifers could sustain yields of more than 1 Mgal/d from intercepted ground-water discharge. However, none of the aquifers could yield an appreciable amount of water from this source if streamflows are maintained at no less than this minimum for 99 percent of the time.</span></p><p><span>Yields also are available to wells front water in</span><span>duced by pumping to infiltrate through a streambed. </span><span>Yields front induced infiltration from the Charles </span><span>River were estimated for four aquifers and range from </span><span>about 4 to 11 Mgal/d at the 95-percent flow duration. </span><span>If minimum-streamflow criteria are to be maintained, </span><span>these yield estimates would be substantially lower.</span></p><p><span>A streamflow-accounting model was used to demonstrate the possible streamflow reductions that could result from further development of the water resources of the middle and upper Charles River basin. Results indicate that pumpage of an additional 11 Mgal/d could reduce flow in the river at Waltham by about 6 ft<sup>3</sup>/s (cubic feet per second) (4 Mgal/d) throughout the year--alt amount equal to about 24 percent of the flow that is exceeded 95 percent of the time. Also, model results indicate that increases in punzpage and the export of was-tewater from the basin of 23 Mgal/d would reduce streamflow at Waltham by about 14 ft<sup>3</sup><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\">/</span>s (9 Mgal/d) throughout the year. </span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884173","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management Division of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Myette, C.F., and Simcox, A.C., 1992, Water resources and aquifer yields in the Charles River basin, Massachusetts (Revised 1991): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4173, vi, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884173.","productDescription":"vi, 50 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Charles River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.87805175781249,\n              42.03501434990212\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.2298583984375,\n              42.03501434990212\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.2298583984375,\n              42.51462626746592\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.87805175781249,\n              42.51462626746592\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.87805175781249,\n              42.03501434990212\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Revised 1991","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8bda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myette, Charles F.","contributorId":8142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myette","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simcox, Alison C.","contributorId":75190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simcox","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20610,"text":"ofr92659 - 1992 - Source code for the computer program and sample data set for the simulation of cylindrical flow to a well using the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-26T14:30:20","indexId":"ofr92659","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-659","title":"Source code for the computer program and sample data set for the simulation of cylindrical flow to a well using the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;Books and Open-File Reports Section, distributor,","doi":"10.3133/ofr92659","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Reilly, T.E., and Harbaugh, A., 1992, Source code for the computer program and sample data set for the simulation of cylindrical flow to a well using the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-659, 12 p. ;1 computer disk ;5 1/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92659.","productDescription":"12 p. ;1 computer disk ;5 1/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153308,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0659/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":50135,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0659/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":270189,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0659/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, T. E.","contributorId":79460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harbaugh, A.W.","contributorId":15208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":72522,"text":"ofr9262 - 1992 - Tidal, Residual, Intertidal mudflat (TRIM) model using a semi-implicit, Eulerian-Lagrangian method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:38:18","indexId":"ofr9262","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-62","title":"Tidal, Residual, Intertidal mudflat (TRIM) model using a semi-implicit, Eulerian-Lagrangian method","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9262","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., and Casulli, V., 1992, Tidal, Residual, Intertidal mudflat (TRIM) model using a semi-implicit, Eulerian-Lagrangian method: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-62, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9262.","productDescription":"43 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ccf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casulli, Vincenzo","contributorId":42302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casulli","given":"Vincenzo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":65018,"text":"i2203 - 1992 - Geologic map of the Pompeii Quadrangle (MTM 20057), Maja Valles region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-28T11:24:57.232171","indexId":"i2203","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2203","title":"Geologic map of the Pompeii Quadrangle (MTM 20057), Maja Valles region of Mars","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\">The Pompeii quadrangle is in the northern Maja Valles between </span><span class=\"SpellingError SCXW161557503 BCX8\">Lunae</span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\"> Planum to the west and </span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\">Xanthe</span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\"> Terra to the east (fig. 1). </span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\">Approximately</span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\"> two-thirds of the surface is relatively smooth plains, and the other </span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\">one-third is subdued, cratered, upland plateau. Several large (greater than 30 km in diameter) craters dominate the landscape. The crater Pompeii is the largest fresh crater in the quadrangle. The major interes</span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\">t in the map area is evidence of the relatively brief, catastrophic Maja outflow and its associated</span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\"> topographic modification of much of the area. The effects of erosion and deposition by the Maja flood are pronounced and are a chief </span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\">part of the story; therefore, flood-modified terrain is divided in considerable detail.</span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161557503 BCX8\"> The stratigraphic units associated with the outflow are true rock units although they may be very thin.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2203","usgsCitation":"De Hon, R., 1992, Geologic map of the Pompeii Quadrangle (MTM 20057), Maja Valles region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2203, 1 Plate: 66.67 × 48.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2203.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 66.67 × 48.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":438934,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IWGLSG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geologic map of the Pompeii Quadrangle (MTM 20057), Maja Valles region of Mars"},{"id":189766,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":100814,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2203/plate-1.pdf","size":"11304","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"502000","otherGeospatial":"Maja Valles, Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db691659","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De Hon, R. A.","contributorId":71266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Hon","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":17195,"text":"ofr92248 - 1992 - Grade and tonnage data for Climax Mo and Creede epithermal vein deposit models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T18:12:41","indexId":"ofr92248","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-248","title":"Grade and tonnage data for Climax Mo and Creede epithermal vein deposit models","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr92248","usgsCitation":"Singer, D., and Mosier, D.L., 1992, Grade and tonnage data for Climax Mo and Creede epithermal vein deposit models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-248, 5 p.  ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92248.","productDescription":"5 p.  ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1059,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/ofr-92-0248/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673f6d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Menzie, W. David","contributorId":93330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749259,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Singer, D.A.","contributorId":69128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mosier, Dan L.","contributorId":42593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosier","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":64536,"text":"i2089C - 1992 - Map showing bottom topography of the Pacific continental margin, Point Conception to Point Loma","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":48717,"text":"ofr81443 - 1981 - Offshore topography of the western United States (between 32 degrees and 49 degrees N latitude)","indexId":"ofr81443","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Offshore topography of the western United States (between 32 degrees and 49 degrees N latitude)"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":64536,"text":"i2089C - 1992 - Map showing bottom topography of the Pacific continental margin, Point Conception to Point Loma","indexId":"i2089C","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Map showing bottom topography of the Pacific continental margin, Point Conception to Point Loma"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-21T18:02:52.673677","indexId":"i2089C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2089","chapter":"C","title":"Map showing bottom topography of the Pacific continental margin, Point Conception to Point Loma","docAbstract":"All contours, geographic outlines, and political boundaries shown on this map of the bottom topography, or bathymetry, of the Pacific continental margin between 34&deg; and 41&deg; N. latitudes were plotted from digital data bases in the library of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Joint Office for Mapping and Research (JOMAR). These digital data were obtained and compiled from many sources; consequently, data quality varies within particular data bases as well as from one data base to another.\nBathymetric contours north of 32&deg;N. were digitized from a map by Chase and others (1981) and from the unpublished large scale versions of that map (T. E. Chase, unpublished maps, 1981). South of 32&deg;N, the contours are from unpublished maps (T.E. Chase and B.A. Seekins, unpublished maps, 1989). Chase and others (1981 and unpublished maps) obtained the data for the area seaward of the continental slope (-2000 m depth) primarily from the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (C&GS) 1955 Pacific Exploratory Survey, a systematic and detailed (~8-nmi-trackline spacing) survey between Mexico and Canada. The USGS provided data from cruises S3-78-NC, L2-77-NC, L10-76-NC, K-73-NC, and Bartlett 72. Data were also obtained from Scripps Institution of Oceanography cruises Blue Flash, Kayak B, Scan I, and Seven Tow (Chase and Menard, 1971; Chase and others, 1975). The 200-m contour was derived from the National Ocean Survey charts 1206N-16 (1975a) and 1306N-20 (1975b), and C&GS charts 1206N-15 (1967a) and 1306N-19 (1967b). Sea-floor depths were corrected for sound velocity in sea water using Matthew's (1939) tables.\nOnshore topographic contours were generated by computer from a modified version of 3-arc-second elevation data provided by the Defense Mapping Agency.\nThe United States digital shoreline was obtained from the NOAA, NOS, Nautical Charting Division, National Atlas files. The coastline of Canada was digitized from Canadian Hydrographic Service bathymetric maps. The primary source of names of the sea floor features was the \"Gazetteer of Undersea Features\" (Defense Mapping Agency, 1990).\nAcknowledgments\nChristopher Hines assisted in the construction of the digital data bases. Reviews and suggestions by Edward C. Escowitz and Florence Wong and advice provided by Will Stettner regarding the cartographic design substantially improved the quality of this map.\nReferences Cited\nChase, T.E., and Menard, H.W., 1971, Bathymetric atlas of the northeastern Pacific Ocean: U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office Publication 1303, scale 1:2,000,000 at 33&deg; latitude, 48 p.\nChase, T.E., Wilde, Pat, and Normark, W.R., 1975, Oceanographic data of the Monterey Deep Sea Fan: San Diego, University of California, Institute of Marine Resources Publication TR 58, scale 1:898,524 at 35&deg; latitude.\nChase, T.E., Wilde, Pat, Normark, W.R., Miller, C.P., Seekins, B.A., and Young, J.D., 1981, Offshore topography of the Western United States between 32&deg; and 49&deg; North latitudes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-443, scale 1:864,518 at 38&deg; latitude, 2 sheets.\nCoast and Geodetic Survey, 1967a, Santa Barbara to Huntington Beach : Coast and Geodetic Survey Bathymetric Map 1206N-15, scale 1:250,000.\nCoast and Geodetic Survey, 1967b, Southwest of Santa Rosa Island: Coast and Geodetic Survey Bathymetric Map 1306N-19, scale 1:250,000.\nDefense Mapping Agency, 1990, Gazetteer of undersea features (4th ed.): Washington, D.C., Defense Mapping Agency.\nMatthews, D.J., 1939, Tables of the velocity of sound in pure water and sea water (2d ed.): London, Admiralty, Hydrographic Department, H.D. 282, 52 p.\nNational Ocean Survey, 1975a, Hungington Beach to Punta Sal Si Puedes: National Ocean Survey Bathymetric Map 1206N-16, scale 1:250,000.\nNational Ocean Survey, 1975b, Cape San Martin to Point Conception: National Ocean Survey Bathymetric Map 1306N-20, scale 1:250,000.\nindex map for I-2089-A","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/i2089C","usgsCitation":"Chase, T.E., Pat, W., Normark, W.R., Evenden, G., Miller, C.P., Seekins, B.A., Young, J.D., Grim, M.S., and Lief, C.J., 1992, Map showing bottom topography of the Pacific continental margin, Point Conception to Point Loma: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2089, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2089C.","productDescription":"HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389553,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_10121.htm"},{"id":120714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/i_2089_C.jpg"},{"id":94396,"rank":99,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2089/c/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -126,30 ], [ -126,35 ], [ -117,35 ], [ -117,30 ], [ -126,30 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a95e4b07f02db659a3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, T. E.","contributorId":14784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pat, Wilde","contributorId":27947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pat","given":"Wilde","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evenden, G. I.","contributorId":52960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evenden","given":"G. I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, C. P.","contributorId":106855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Seekins, B. A.","contributorId":32130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seekins","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Young, J. D.","contributorId":83087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Grim, M. S.","contributorId":102884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grim","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lief, C. J.","contributorId":107784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lief","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":21478,"text":"ofr92720 - 1992 - Four AVS modules; READ NETCDF, TOPO2IRREG, Z SLICER, WIDE ARROW","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:47","indexId":"ofr92720","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-720","title":"Four AVS modules; READ NETCDF, TOPO2IRREG, Z SLICER, WIDE ARROW","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr92720","usgsCitation":"Wright, E., 1992, Four AVS modules; READ NETCDF, TOPO2IRREG, Z SLICER, WIDE ARROW: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-720, 9 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92720.","productDescription":"9 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0720/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51040,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0720/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a9201","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, E.L.","contributorId":23558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":20516,"text":"ofr92535A - 1992 - Digital elevation models for Slumgullion landslide, Hinsdale County, Colorado based on 1985 and 1990 aerial photography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-03T11:53:49.187273","indexId":"ofr92535A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-535","chapter":"A","title":"Digital elevation models for Slumgullion landslide, Hinsdale County, Colorado based on 1985 and 1990 aerial photography","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr92535A","usgsCitation":"Powers, P.S., Varnes, D., and Savage, W.Z., 1992, Digital elevation models for Slumgullion landslide, Hinsdale County, Colorado based on 1985 and 1990 aerial photography: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-535, HTML Document; CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92535A.","productDescription":"HTML Document; CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1118,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/ofr-92-535/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388822,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_55293.htm"},{"id":373583,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/ofr-92-535/ofr92535.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":153252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Hinsdale County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.30003356933594,\n              37.96044057036092\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.16545104980469,\n              37.96044057036092\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.16545104980469,\n              38.0096892410326\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.30003356933594,\n              38.0096892410326\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.30003356933594,\n              37.96044057036092\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d4b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powers, Philip S.","contributorId":102078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Varnes, David J.","contributorId":86322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varnes","given":"David J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savage, William Z.","contributorId":107686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":19928,"text":"ofr9260 - 1992 - Documentation of model input and output data for the Milford-Souhegan glacial-drift aquifer, Milford, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:44","indexId":"ofr9260","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-60","title":"Documentation of model input and output data for the Milford-Souhegan glacial-drift aquifer, Milford, New Hampshire","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nCopies of this report can be purchased from U.S. Geological Survey Books and Open-File Reports Section,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9260","usgsCitation":"Mack, T.J., and Harte, P.T., 1992, Documentation of model input and output data for the Milford-Souhegan glacial-drift aquifer, Milford, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-60, 3 computer disks ;5 1/4 in. +1 booklet (iii, 7 p. ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9260.","productDescription":"3 computer disks ;5 1/4 in. +1 booklet (iii, 7 p. ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152853,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0060/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49436,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0060/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db6361a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mack, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0496-3918 tjmack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-3918","contributorId":1677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Thomas","email":"tjmack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":181750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harte, Philip T. 0000-0002-7718-1204 ptharte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-1204","contributorId":1008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harte","given":"Philip","email":"ptharte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":181749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":49584,"text":"ofr9221B - 1992 - APRAS; analytic petroleum resource appraisal system; microcomputer programs for play analysis using a field-size model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T07:30:23","indexId":"ofr9221B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-21","chapter":"B","title":"APRAS; analytic petroleum resource appraisal system; microcomputer programs for play analysis using a field-size model","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9221B","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Crovelli, R., and Balay, R., 1992, APRAS; analytic petroleum resource appraisal system; microcomputer programs for play analysis using a field-size model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-21, NA, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9221B.","productDescription":"NA","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":175822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270263,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0021b/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a48b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crovelli, R. A.","contributorId":40969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crovelli","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balay, R.H.","contributorId":44177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balay","given":"R.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":18583,"text":"ofr9221 - 1992 - APRAS; analytic petroleum resource appraisal system; microcomputer programs for play analysis using a field-size model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:29","indexId":"ofr9221","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-21","title":"APRAS; analytic petroleum resource appraisal system; microcomputer programs for play analysis using a field-size model","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr9221","usgsCitation":"Crovelli, R.A., and Balay, R.H., 1992, APRAS; analytic petroleum resource appraisal system; microcomputer programs for play analysis using a field-size model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-21, 1 computer disk ;5 1/4 in. +1 text (ii, 28 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9221.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;5 1/4 in. +1 text (ii, 28 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a48aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crovelli, Robert A.","contributorId":92242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crovelli","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balay, Richard H.","contributorId":10048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balay","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":49597,"text":"ofr92553A - 1992 - Interactive inversion of dipole loop-loop electromagnetic data for layered earth models using numerical integration and complex image theory (version 1.0)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:16","indexId":"ofr92553A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-553","chapter":"A","title":"Interactive inversion of dipole loop-loop electromagnetic data for layered earth models using numerical integration and complex image theory (version 1.0)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr92553A","usgsCitation":"Anderson, W., 1992, Interactive inversion of dipole loop-loop electromagnetic data for layered earth models using numerical integration and complex image theory (version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-553, 42 p.;  illus., 14 refs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92553A.","productDescription":"42 p.;  illus., 14 refs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0553a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":86211,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0553a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0cc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, W.L.","contributorId":54584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":19852,"text":"ofr92263 - 1992 - Modern palynomorph and weather census data from the U.S. Atlantic coast (Continental Margin Program samples and selected NOAA weather stations)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:36","indexId":"ofr92263","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-263","title":"Modern palynomorph and weather census data from the U.S. Atlantic coast (Continental Margin Program samples and selected NOAA weather stations)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr92263","usgsCitation":"Litwin, R.J., and Andrle, V., 1992, Modern palynomorph and weather census data from the U.S. Atlantic coast (Continental Margin Program samples and selected NOAA weather stations): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-263, 31 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92263.","productDescription":"31 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0263/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49331,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0263/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69954a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Litwin, R. J.","contributorId":92284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litwin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrle, V.A.","contributorId":36955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrle","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38336,"text":"ofr92532B - 1992 - GPRMODEL one-dimensional full waveform forward modeling of ground penetrating radar data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T07:19:31","indexId":"ofr92532B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-532","chapter":"B","title":"GPRMODEL one-dimensional full waveform forward modeling of ground penetrating radar data","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr92532B","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Powers, M.H., Duke, S., Huffman, A., and Olhoeft, G., 1992, GPRMODEL one-dimensional full waveform forward modeling of ground penetrating radar data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-532, 1 Disk, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92532B.","productDescription":"1 Disk","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270260,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0532b/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b15d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powers, Michael H. 0000-0002-4480-7856 mhpowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-7856","contributorId":851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Michael","email":"mhpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duke, S.K.","contributorId":72000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duke","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huffman, A. C.","contributorId":55422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"A. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olhoeft, G.R.","contributorId":10405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olhoeft","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":38444,"text":"pp1405B - 1992 - Hydrogeology of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system in the northern Midwest, United States with a section on ground-water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-26T21:55:00.155221","indexId":"pp1405B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1405","chapter":"B","title":"Hydrogeology of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system in the northern Midwest, United States with a section on ground-water quality","docAbstract":"<p>The Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system contains the most extensive and continuous aquifers in the northern Midwest of the United States. It is the source of water for many municipalities, industries, and rural water users. Since the beginning of ground-water development from the aquifer system in the late 1800's, hydraulic heads have declined hundreds of feet in the heavily pumped Chicago-Milwaukee area and somewhat less in other metropolitan areas. The U.S. Geological Survey has completed a regional assessment of this aquifer system within a 161,000-square-mile area encompassing northern Illinois, northwestern Indiana, Iowa, southeastern Minnesota, northern Missouri, and Wisconsin.</p>\n<p>Consolidated sedimentary rocks in the northern Midwest range in age from Precambrian to Cretaceous and crop out in generally concentric, arcuate patterns, dipping away from structural highs (arches) on the Precambrian basement in northern Minnesota and Wisconsin toward structural lows (basins) to the south and east. The sedimentary bedrock is generally overlain by a veneer of glacial drift. Thickness of the sedimentary sequence increases to about 5,000 feet in the Forest City basin of southwestern Iowa and to about 14,000 and more than 15,000 feet in the Illinois and Michigan basins, respectively.</p>\n<p>Cambrian and Ordovician age rocks, mainly marine sandstone and carbonate rocks, compose much of the sedimentary sequence and form the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system. The aquifer system lies on the Precambrian basement, regarded as a regional confining unit. Six hydrogeologic units are defined; they are arranged as alternating pairs of an aquifer and an overlying confining. unit. The units are named using the predominant geologic nomenclature of the upper Mississippi Valley, which includes most of the study area. In the southern quarter of the area, the hydrogeologic units consist of equivalent formations of the Ozark area (mostly carbonate rocks). The uppermost part of the aquifer system is the Maquoketa confining unit, which consists of the Maquoketa Shale and the underlying dolomite and shale of the Galena Dolomite and the Decorah, Platteville, and Glenwood Formations.</p>\n<p>The underlying St. Peter-Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer is an important source of ground water in the western part of the area in Iowa and Minnesota, where the uniform Jordan Sandstone is hydraulically connected to overlying fractured dolomite of the Prairie du Chien Group. The unit is less important in the eastern part of Wisconsin and Illinois because the Jordan Sandstone is absent and the Prairie du Chien Group is thin or absent due to pre-St. Peter Sandstone erosion. Equivalent rocks in northern Missouri-the Roubidoux Formation and the Gasconade and Eminence Dolomites-are mainly carbonate rocks that are somewhat permeable and contain some sandstone.</p>\n<p>The St. Lawrence and Franconia Formations underlying the St. Peter-Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer consist generally of silty and shaly, fine-grained, poorly sorted, and dolomitic sandstones that restrict vertical movement of ground water and form a regional confining unit. In the southern and eastern parts of the area, the Potosi and Derby-Doerun Dolomites and the upper part of the Davis Formation are the equivalent rocks (mainly carbonate rocks).</p>\n<p>In the east-central part of the area in Illinois and Wisconsin, the Ironton-Galesville aquifer forms the most important aquifer of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system, contributing about one-third of the yield from wells in the aquifer system in the Chicago area. The aquifer terminates to the west, south, and east, where the sandstones grade into less permeable carbonate rocks in central Iowa, central Illinois, and northwestern Indiana, respectively.</p>\n<p>The underlying Eau Claire Formation and its partial equivalent to the southwest, the Bonneterre Formation, form an important confining unit above the Mount Simon aquifer throughout much of the study area. Siltstone and shale are fairly common in the upper part of the Eau Claire Formation but less so in its northernmost extent in Wisconsin. Dolomite content increases southward and westward, where a middle dolomite facies grades laterally into the Bonneterre in Missouri, southwestern Minnesota, extreme south-central Wisconsin, and possibly in western Iowa.</p>\n<p>The basal unit in the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system, the Mount Simon aquifer, is present throughout the study area, except where it is absent over local highs of the Precambrian basement. It consists primarily of the Mount Simon Sandstone in the north and its equivalent in northern Missouri, the Lamotte Sandstone. The underlying Hinckley Sandstone of Precambrian age is included in Minnesota, as is the overlying Elmhurst Sandstone Member of the Eau Claire Formation in northern Illinois. The aquifer increases greatly in thickness and the water is progressively more saline away from the northern structural highs toward the basins.</p>\n<p>Much of the movement and discharge of ground water in the northern Midwest occurs in local, unconfined, shallow flow systems within a few miles of points of recharge. The rest of the water is semiconfined or confined in intermediate or regional flow systems within the bedrock, where flow is deeper, slower, and traverses much longer distances from recharge areas to discharge areas. The major areas of recharge to regional confined flow are in northwestern Iowa, southeastern Minnesota, western, southern, and eastern Wisconsin, and northern Illinois. Although the rate of flow is small, significant recharge to the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system also occurs as leakage through the Maquoketa confining unit, where the vertical hydraulic gradient is downward.</p>\n<p>Ground water in much of the confined aquifer system moves laterally from recharge areas toward the major river valleys and Lake Michigan or down dip toward the structural basins. The longest flow paths extend as much as 400 miles from northwestern Iowa southeast toward the Illinois basin or to the Mississippi River and Missouri River valleys near their confluence. Other major confined flow is from eastern Wisconsin toward the Michigan basin and southward flow from northeastern Illinois toward the Illinois basin.</p>\n<p>Regional ground-water discharge from the aquifer system is mainly diffuse upward leakage from confined aquifers along flow paths toward the structural basins. Very saline water around and brines within the basins restrict regional flow into the basins, forcing ground water to discharge upward. Water in intermediate flow systems discharges upward to the major river valleys.</p>\n<p>Original heads of more than 100 feet above land surface were recorded in the aquifer system near Lake Michigan in eastern Wisconsin and at Dubuque, Iowa, along the Mississippi River. The Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system was developed rapidly in the late 1800's after the first deep well was drilled in Chicago in 1864. Many flowing wells were not controlled, which caused water levels in deep wells to decline, and many no longer flowed by the early 1900's.</p>\n<p>Heads in the aquifers have declined very little in most of the recharge or unconfined areas since ground-water withdrawal began, but major declines have occurred in confined areas. The largest declines in head are at Chicago, Illinois, Milwaukee and Green Bay, Wisconsin, and Mason City, Iowa, where the aquifer system is confined by the Maquoketa confining unit. The composite head in the aquifer system declined more than 900 feet in the deepest cones of depression in the Chicago area from 1864 to 1980 and about 375 feet in the cone at Milwaukee from 1880 to 1980. More than 200 feet of decline has occurred at Mason City. The head declined as much as 440 feet in Green Bay from 1886 to 1957, when the city discontinued use of its deep wells and began using water from Lake Michigan.</p>\n<p>The largest centers of pumping are in the Chicago and Twin Cities (Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota) metropolitan areas about 180 million gallons per day each in 1980. Pumpage exceeded 10 million gallons per day in only a few other areas in 1980.</p>\n<p>Ground water in the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system in the northern Midwest is characterized by an extreme range of mineralization, but its quality in most of the area is good. The major cations are calcium, magnesium, and sodium, and the major anions are bicarbonate, sulfate, and chloride. Sodium, sulfate, and chloride distributions are closely related to the distribution pattern of dissolved solids but not in the same proportion. Dissolved-solids concentration is generally less than 1,000 milligrams per liter in the recharge areas of Wisconsin, southern Minnesota, northeastern Iowa, and north-central Illinois where the aquifer system crops out or subcrops beneath glacial drift. Ground water there is the Ca-Mg-HC03 type, derived from and identical to that in the overlying glacial drift.</p>\n<p>In northwestern Iowa and southwestern Minnesota, the water in both the glacial drift and the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system is a Ca-Na-S04HC03 type, derived from oxidation of pyrite in the overlying Cretaceous Dakota Formation.</p>\n<p>Transition to higher dissolved solids in the confined areas commonly is accompanied by increased sulfate concentration and&middot; the occurrence of Ca-Na-S04-type water. Salinity of the ground water increases progressively toward the .basins, where dissolved solids exceed 200,000 milligrams per liter. Saline water is present in the Mount Simon aquifer near Lake Michigan in eastern Wisconsin and northeastern Illinois but occurs in successively younger rocks to the east and south as they dip toward the basins. Similarly, salinity increases down dip in Iowa to the southwest and south; however, regional ground-water flow in Iowa is from northwest to southeast.</p>\n<p>Much of the ground water in the confined aquifer system is isotopically depleted in 0180 and OD with respect to modern precipitation-an indication that the water originated as precipitation in a much colder climate than the present and probably was derived from recharge of glacial meltwater. On the basis of o34S values for sulfur in sulfate, it is believed that isostatic loading from glacial ice over the Michigan basin reversed the hydraulic gradient to trend westward, opposite from the present gradient, causing saline water in the Michigan basin to discharge westward through the present recharge areas.</p>\n<p>Natural water-quality problems in the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system are mainly the high dissolved-solids concentrations and associated high concentrations of sulfate and chloride, which limit the use of the water for municipal and domestic purposes in much of the confined aquifer system in central and southern Illinois, Indiana, southern and western Iowa, and northern Missouri. Another concern is that radium activity exceeds normal background concentrations of a few picocuries per liter in much of the confined aquifer system in eastern Wisconsin, northeastern Illinois, and central Iowa. Other common problems are high hardness and locally excessive concentrations of iron and hydrogen sulfide.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Regional aquifer-system analysis - northern Midwest","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1405B","usgsCitation":"Young, H.L., and Siegel, D.I., 1992, Hydrogeology of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system in the northern Midwest, United States with a section on ground-water quality: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1405, Report: 99 p.; 1 Plate: 22.25 x 28.94 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1405B.","productDescription":"Report: 99 p.; 1 Plate: 22.25 x 28.94 inches","numberOfPages":"108","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438931,"rank":401,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UJOR3U","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital data from previous USGS hydrogeologic studies of the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system in the northern Midwest, United States"},{"id":247668,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1405b/plate-1.pdf","size":"2911","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64919,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1405b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1405b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":388570,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4852.htm"}],"scale":"2500000","country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.044921875,\n              45.9511496866914\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.330078125,\n              46.042735653846506\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3955078125,\n              46.31658418182218\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.59277343749999,\n              46.34692761055676\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.603515625,\n              46.13417004624326\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7021484375,\n              45.24395342262324\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.8447265625,\n              43.644025847699496\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.6796875,\n              42.553080288955826\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.7236328125,\n              41.83682786072714\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.328125,\n              40.78054143186031\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.2734375,\n              39.16414104768742\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.8779296875,\n              38.37611542403604\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.8232421875,\n              37.996162679728116\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7470703125,\n              37.54457732085582\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.69238281249999,\n              37.71859032558816\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.1982421875,\n              38.03078569382294\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.01171875,\n              38.685509760012\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.78125,\n              39.16414104768742\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.4404296875,\n              42.45588764197166\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8798828125,\n              43.29320031385282\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.099609375,\n              44.15068115978091\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.044921875,\n              45.9511496866914\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db615264","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Young, H. L.","contributorId":23922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siegel, D. I.","contributorId":77562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38451,"text":"pp1408F - 1992 - Hydrology and digital simulation of the regional aquifer system, eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13718,"text":"ofr87237 - 1989 - Hydrology and digital simulation of the regional aquifer system, eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho","indexId":"ofr87237","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology and digital simulation of the regional aquifer system, eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38451,"text":"pp1408F - 1992 - Hydrology and digital simulation of the regional aquifer system, eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho","indexId":"pp1408F","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","title":"Hydrology and digital simulation of the regional aquifer system, eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-19T15:50:45","indexId":"pp1408F","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1408","chapter":"F","title":"Hydrology and digital simulation of the regional aquifer system, eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho","docAbstract":"The occurrence and movement of water in the regional aquifer \nsystem that underlies the eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho, de- \npend on the transmissivity and storage capacity of rocks that \ncompose the geologic framework and on the distribution and \namount of recharge and discharge of water within that frame- \nwork. On a regional scale, most water moves horizontally through \ninterflow zones in Quaternary basalt of the Snake River Group. \nIn recharge and discharge areas, water also moves vertically \nalong joints and interfingering edges of basalt flows. Aquifer \nthickness is largely unknown, but geophysical studies suggest \nthat locally the Quaternary basalt may exceed several thousand \nfeet. Along the margins of the plain, sand and gravel several \nhundred feet thick transmit large volumes of water.\nRegional ground-water movement is generally from northeast \nto southwest, from areas of recharge to areas of discharge. Re- \ncharge is from seepage of surface water used for irrigation, \nstream and canal losses, underflow from tributary drainage ba- \nsins, and infiltration of precipitation. Aquifer discharge is largely \nspring flow to the Snake River and water pumped for irrigation. \nMajor springs are near American Falls Reservoir and along the \nSnake River from Milner Dam to King Hill.\nRegional ground-water flow was simulated with numerical \nmodels. Initially, a two-dimensional steady-state model that in- \ncluded a nonlinear, least-squares regression technique was used \nto estimate aquifer properties. Later, a three-dimensional steady- \nstate and transient model was used to replace the two-dimen- \nsional model. Three-dimensional model results indicated that \naverage total transmissivity ranged from about 0.05 to 120 feet \nsquared per second and vertical leakance ranged from about \n3 x 10<sup>-10</sup> to 5 x 10<sup>-6</sup> feet per second per foot of aquifer thickness.\nThe three-dimensional transient model was used to compare \nmeasured and estimated long-term changes in ground-water dis- \ncharge and water levels with simulated values. Initial head con- \nditions used in transient simulations were derived from a \nsteady-state solution of estimated preirrigation hydrologic condi- \ntions. Transient simulations were 5-year stress periods beginning \nin 1891 and ending in 1980. Recharge for each stress period from \n1926 to 1980 was estimated from surface-water irrigation, pre- \ncipitation, and streamflow records. Recharge for stress periods \nfrom 1891 to 1925 was based on the average value for stress peri- \nods from 1926 to 1980 and was indexed to estimated irrigated \nacreages. Average annual tributary drainage-basin underflow for \nstress periods from 1891 to 1910 was calculated by using basin- \nyield equations. Underflow for stress periods from 1911 to 1980 \nwas varied by use of streamflow records.\nTransient simulations reasonably approximated measured \nchanges in aquifer head and ground-water discharge that re- \nsulted from use of surface water for irrigation. Irrigation with \nsurface water peaked in about 1950; subsequent increases in irri- \ngation have been supplied largely by ground water. The three-\ndimensional model simulated water-level declines and reduced \nground-water discharge caused in part by increases in ground- \nwater pumping.\nThe transient model was used to simulate aquifer changes \nfrom 1981 to 2010 in response to three hypothetical development \nalternatives: (1) Continuation of 1980 hydrologic conditions, (2) \nincreased pumpage, and (3) increased recharge. Simulation of \ncontinued 1980 hydrologic conditions for 30 years indicated that \nhead declines of 2 to 8 feet might be expected in the central part \nof the plain. The magnitude of simulated head declines was con- \nsistent with head declines measured during the 1980 water year. \nLarger declines were calculated along model boundaries, but \nthese changes may have resulted from underestimation of tribu- \ntary drainage-basin underflow and inadequate aquifer definition. \nSimulation of increased ground-water pumpage (an additional \n2,400 cubic feet per second) for 30 years indicated head declines \nof 10 to 50 feet in the central part of the plain. These relatively \nlarge head declines were accompanied by increased simulated \nriver leakage of 50 percent and decreased spring discharge of 20 \npercent. The effect of increased recharge (800 cubic feet per sec- \nond) for 30 years was a rise in simulated heads of 0 to 5 feet in \nthe central part of the plain.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp1408F","usgsCitation":"Garabedian, S., 1992, Hydrology and digital simulation of the regional aquifer system, eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1408, Report: vii, 102 p.; 10 Plates: 34.00 x 17.50 and smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1408F.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 102 p.; 10 Plates: 34.00 x 17.50 and smaller","numberOfPages":"112","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":104633,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4858.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4858"},{"id":119227,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64931,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64932,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64933,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64934,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64935,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64936,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64937,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64938,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64939,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64940,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64941,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408f/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.0,42.0 ], [ -117.0,45.0 ], [ -111.0,45.0 ], [ -111.0,42.0 ], [ -117.0,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e90a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garabedian, S. P.","contributorId":56657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garabedian","given":"S. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":17012,"text":"ofr92202 - 1992 - Contaminant transport and accumulation in Massachusetts Bay and Boston Harbor: A summary of U.S. Geological Survey studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-16T23:28:52.991561","indexId":"ofr92202","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-202","title":"Contaminant transport and accumulation in Massachusetts Bay and Boston Harbor: A summary of U.S. Geological Survey studies","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is conducting studies in Boston Harbor, Massachusetts Bay, and Cape Cod Bay designed to define the geologic framework of the region and to understand the transport and accumulation of contaminated sediments. The region is being studied because of environmental problems caused by the introduction of wastes for a long time, because a new ocean outfall (to begin operation in 1995) will change the location for disposal of treated Boston sewage from Boston Harbor into Massachusetts Bay, and because of the need to understand the transport of sediments and associated contaminants in order to address a wide range of management questions. The USGS effort complements and is closely coordinated with the research and monitoring studies supported by the Massachusetts Environmental Trust, the Massachusetts Bays Program, and by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority. The USGS study includes (1) geologic mapping, (2) circulation studies, (3) long-term current and sediment transport observations, (4) measurements of contaminant inventories and rates of sediment mixing and accumulation, (5) circulation modeling, (6) development of a contaminated sediments data base, and (7) information exchange. A long-term objective of the program is to develop a predictive capability for sediment transport and accumulation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr92202","usgsCitation":"Butman, B., Bothner, M., Hathaway, J., Jenter, H., Knebel, H., Manheim, F., and Signell, R.P., 1992, Contaminant transport and accumulation in Massachusetts Bay and Boston Harbor: A summary of U.S. Geological Survey studies: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-202, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92202.","productDescription":"43 p.","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393038,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18259.htm"},{"id":46145,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0202/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0202/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Boston Harbor, Cape Cod Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.0870361328125,\n              42.30879983710443\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.77255249023438,\n              42.30879983710443\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.77255249023438,\n              42.40317854182803\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0870361328125,\n              42.40317854182803\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0870361328125,\n              42.30879983710443\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699d80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":174555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":174558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hathaway, J.C.","contributorId":94280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenter, H. L.","contributorId":25167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenter","given":"H. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knebel, H.J.","contributorId":79092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knebel","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Manheim, F.T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":55421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"F.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Signell, R. P.","contributorId":89147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":17196,"text":"ofr92208 - 1992 - Grade-tonnage and target-area models of Au-Ag-Te veins associated with alkalic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-26T14:22:28","indexId":"ofr92208","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-208","title":"Grade-tonnage and target-area models of Au-Ag-Te veins associated with alkalic rocks","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr92208","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Bliss, J.D., Sutphin, D.M., Mosier, D., and Allen, M.S., 1992, Grade-tonnage and target-area models of Au-Ag-Te veins associated with alkalic rocks: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-208, 15 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92208.","productDescription":"15 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0208/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46335,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0208/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":270176,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0208b/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673f95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bliss, James D. jbliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"James","email":"jbliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":175350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutphin, D. M.","contributorId":27424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mosier, D.L.","contributorId":21965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosier","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, M. S.","contributorId":63001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":19827,"text":"ofr92445 - 1992 - Modern mobile methane measurements in marshes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:39","indexId":"ofr92445","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-445","title":"Modern mobile methane measurements in marshes","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr92445","usgsCitation":"Leventhal, J., 1992, Modern mobile methane measurements in marshes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-445, ii, 24 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92445.","productDescription":"ii, 24 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0445/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49311,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0445/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4fe4b07f02db628425","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leventhal, J.S.","contributorId":60640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leventhal","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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