{"pageNumber":"138","pageRowStart":"3425","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11370,"records":[{"id":70035465,"text":"70035465 - 2009 - Petrology and geochronology of crustal xenoliths from the Bering Strait region: Linking deep and shallow processes in extending continental crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035465","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrology and geochronology of crustal xenoliths from the Bering Strait region: Linking deep and shallow processes in extending continental crust","docAbstract":"Petrologic, geochemical, and metamorphic data on gneissic xenoliths derived from the middle and lower crust in the Neogene Bering Sea basalt province, coupled with U-Pb geochronology of their zircons using sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry (SHRIMP-RG), yield a detailed comparison between the P-T-t and magmatic history of the lower crust and magmatic, metamorphic, and deformational history of the upper crust. Our results provide unique insights into the nature of lithospheric processes that accompany the extension of continental crust. The gneissic, mostly maficxenoliths (constituting less than two percent of the total xenolith population) from lavas in the Enmelen, RU, St. Lawrence, Nunivak, and Seward Peninsula fields most likely originated through magmatic fractionation processes with continued residence at granulite-facies conditions. Zircon single-grain ages (n ??? 125) are interpreted as both magmatic and metamorphic and are entirely Cretaceous to Paleocene in age (ca. 138-60 Ma). Their age distributions correspond to the main ages of magmatism in two belts of supracrustal volcanic and plutonic rocks in the Bering Sea region. Oscillatory-zoned igneous zircons, Late Cretaceous to Paleocene metamorphic zircons and overgrowths, and lack of any older inheritance in zircons from the xenoliths provide strong evidence for juvenile addition of material to the crust at this time. Surface exposures of Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks locally reached upper amphibolite-facies (sillimanite grade) to granulite-facies conditions within a series of extension-related metamorphic culminations or gneiss domes, which developed within the Cretaceous magmatic belt. Metamorphic gradients and inferred geotherms (??30-50 ??C/km) from both the gneiss domes and xenoliths aretoo high to be explained by crustal thickening alone. Magmatic heat input from the mantle is necessary to explain both the petrology of the magmas and elevated metamorphic temperatures. Deep-crustal seismic-reflection and refraction data reveal a 30-35-km-thick crust, a sharp Moho and refl ective lower and middle crust. Velocities do not support a largely mafic (underplated) lower crust, but together with xenolith data suggest that Late Cretaceous to early Paleocene maficintrusions are likely increasingly important with depth in the crust and that the elevated temperatures during granulite-facies metamorphism led to large-scale flow of crustal rocks to produce gneiss domes and the observed subhorizontal refl ectivity of the crust. This unique combined data set for the Bering Shelf region provides compelling evidence for the complete reconstitution/re-equilibration of continental crust from the bottom up during mantle-driven magmatic events associated with crustal extension. Thus, despite Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks at the surface and Alaska's accretionary tectonic history, it is likely that a significant portion of the Bering Sea region lower crust is much younger and related to post-accretionary tectonic and magmatic events. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2456(02)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Akinin, V., Miller, E.L., and Wooden, J.L., 2009, Petrology and geochronology of crustal xenoliths from the Bering Strait region: Linking deep and shallow processes in extending continental crust: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 456, p. 39-68, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2456(02).","startPage":"39","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215132,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2456(02)"},{"id":242910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"456","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a781fe4b0c8380cd7863e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Akinin, V.V.","contributorId":49583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akinin","given":"V.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, E. L.","contributorId":75583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035506,"text":"70035506 - 2009 - Breeding-season sympatry facilitates genetic exchange among allopatric wintering populations of Northern Pintails in Japan and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:49:52","indexId":"70035506","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding-season sympatry facilitates genetic exchange among allopatric wintering populations of Northern Pintails in Japan and California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The global redistribution of pathogens, such as highly pathogenic avian influenza, has renewed interest in the connectivity of continental populations of birds. Populations of the Northern Pintail (</span><i>Anas acuta</i><span>) wintering in Japan and California are considered separate from a management perspective. We used data from band recoveries and population genetics to assess the degree of biological independence of these wintering populations. Distributions of recoveries in Russia of Northern Pintails originally banded during winter in North America overlapped with distributions of Northern Pintails banded during winter in Japan. Thus these allopatric wintering populations are partially sympatric during the breeding season. The primary areas of overlap were along the Chukotka and Kamchatka peninsulas in Russia. Furthermore, band recoveries demonstrated dispersal of individuals between wintering populations both from North America to Japan and vice versa. Genetic analyses of samples from both wintering populations showed little evidence of population differentiation. The combination of banding and genetic markers demonstrates that these two continental populations are linked by low levels of dispersal as well as likely interbreeding in eastern Russia. Although the levels of dispersal are inconsequential for population dynamics, the combination of dispersal and interbreeding represents a viable pathway for exchange of genes, diseases, and/or parasites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/cond.2009.090100","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., Ozaki, K., Pearce, J.M., Guzzetti, B., Higuchi, H., Fleskes, J.P., Shimada, T., and Derksen, D.V., 2009, Breeding-season sympatry facilitates genetic exchange among allopatric wintering populations of Northern Pintails in Japan and California: Condor, v. 111, no. 4, p. 591-598, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.090100.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"591","endPage":"598","ipdsId":"IP-014824","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476172,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.090100","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan, United States","state":"California","volume":"111","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f278e4b0c8380cd4b1c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ozaki, Kiyoaki 0000-0002-1056-231X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-231X","contributorId":124594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ozaki","given":"Kiyoaki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guzzetti, Brian","contributorId":33948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guzzetti","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Higuchi, Hiroyoshi","contributorId":69850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higuchi","given":"Hiroyoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":1889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":450973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shimada, Tetsuo","contributorId":52065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shimada","given":"Tetsuo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70035545,"text":"70035545 - 2009 - Probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment at Seaside, Oregon, for near-and far-field seismic sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035545","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment at Seaside, Oregon, for near-and far-field seismic sources","docAbstract":"The first probabilistic tsunami flooding maps have been developed. The methodology, called probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment (PTHA), integrates tsunami inundation modeling with methods of probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA). Application of the methodology to Seaside, Oregon, has yielded estimates of the spatial distribution of 100- and 500-year maximum tsunami amplitudes, i.e., amplitudes with 1% and 0.2% annual probability of exceedance. The 100-year tsunami is generated most frequently by far-field sources in the Alaska-Aleutian Subduction Zone and is characterized by maximum amplitudes that do not exceed 4 m, with an inland extent of less than 500 m. In contrast, the 500-year tsunami is dominated by local sources in the Cascadia Subduction Zone and is characterized by maximum amplitudes in excess of 10 m and an inland extent of more than 1 km. The primary sources of uncertainty in these results include those associated with interevent time estimates, modeling of background sea level, and accounting for temporal changes in bathymetry and topography. Nonetheless, PTHA represents an important contribution to tsunami hazard assessment techniques; viewed in the broader context of risk analysis, PTHA provides a method for quantifying estimates of the likelihood and severity of the tsunami hazard, which can then be combined with vulnerability and exposure to yield estimates of tsunami risk. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JC005132","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Gonzalez, F., Geist, E., Jaffe, B., Kanoglu, U., Mofjeld, H., Synolakis, C., Titov, V., Areas, D., Bellomo, D., Carlton, D., Horning, T., Johnson, J., Newman, J., Parsons, T., Peters, R., Peterson, C., Priest, G., Venturato, A., Weber, J., Wong, F., and Yalciner, A., 2009, Probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment at Seaside, Oregon, for near-and far-field seismic sources: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 114, no. 11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JC005132.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476177,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jc005132","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216419,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JC005132"},{"id":244289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8c9ee4b0c8380cd7e7c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gonzalez, F.I.","contributorId":68100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"F.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geist, E.L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":71993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaffe, B.","contributorId":78517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kanoglu, U.","contributorId":80113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanoglu","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mofjeld, H.","contributorId":35154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mofjeld","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Synolakis, C.E.","contributorId":51510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Synolakis","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Titov, V.V.","contributorId":48752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titov","given":"V.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Areas, D.","contributorId":108339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Areas","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bellomo, D.","contributorId":61263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bellomo","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Carlton, D.","contributorId":65690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlton","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Horning, T.","contributorId":37987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horning","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Johnson, J.","contributorId":31719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Newman, J.","contributorId":13764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Peters, R.","contributorId":51875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Peterson, C.","contributorId":61000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Priest, G.","contributorId":50377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priest","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Venturato, A.","contributorId":96922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Venturato","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Weber, J.","contributorId":26479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Wong, F.","contributorId":66451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Yalciner, A.","contributorId":69813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yalciner","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21}]}}
,{"id":70035566,"text":"70035566 - 2009 - Advancing landscape change research through the incorporation of Inupiaq knowledge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T18:01:52","indexId":"70035566","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advancing landscape change research through the incorporation of Inupiaq knowledge","docAbstract":"<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<div>Indigenous knowledge is a valuable but under-used source of information relevant to landscape change research. We interviewed I&ntilde;upiat elders, hunters, and other knowledge-holders in the villages of Barrow and Atqasuk on the western Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska to gain further insight into the processes governing the ubiquitous lakes and the dynamics of landscape change in this region of continuous permafrost. The interviews provided a suite of information related to lakes and associated drained lake basins, as well as knowledge on landforms, environmental change, human events, and other phenomena. We were able to corroborate many observations independently and verify the timing of several large and significant lake drainage events using either aerial photography or remotely sensed time series. Data collected have been incorporated into a geodatabase to develop a multi-layer Geographic Information System that will be useful for local and scientific communities. This research demonstrates that indigenous knowledge can reveal a new understanding of landscape changes on the Arctic Coastal Plain in general and on lake processes in particular. We advocate ongoing, community-oriented research throughout the Arctic as a means of assessing and responding to the consequences of rapid environmental change.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic174","issn":"00040843","usgsCitation":"Eisner, W.R., Cuomo, C., Hinkel, K.M., Jones, B.M., and Brower, R.H., 2009, Advancing landscape change research through the incorporation of Inupiaq knowledge: Arctic, v. 62, no. 4, p. 429-442, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic174.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"429","endPage":"442","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487260,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic174","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Barrow, Atqasuk","volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e707e4b0c8380cd477e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eisner, Wendy R.","contributorId":35497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisner","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cuomo, Chris J.","contributorId":57658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuomo","given":"Chris J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hinkel, Kenneth M.","contributorId":15405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkel","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brower, Ronald H. Sr.","contributorId":92513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brower","given":"Ronald","suffix":"Sr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035581,"text":"70035581 - 2009 - Lesser scaup breeding probability and female survival on the yukon flats, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T20:07:55","indexId":"70035581","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lesser scaup breeding probability and female survival on the yukon flats, Alaska","docAbstract":"Information on the ecology of waterfowl breeding in the boreal forest is lacking, despite the boreal region's importance to continental waterfowl populations and to duck species that are currently declining, such as lesser scaup (Aythya affinis). We estimated breeding probability and breeding season survival of female lesser scaup on the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, USA, in 2005 and 2006. We captured and marked 93 lesser scaup with radiotransmitters during prelaying and nesting periods. Although all marked lesser scaup females were paired throughout prelaying and incubation periods, we estimated breeding probability over both years as 0.12 (SE = 0.05, n = 67) using telemetry. Proportion of lesser scaup females undergoing rapid follicle growth at capture in 2006 was 0.46 (SE = 0.11, n = 37), based on concentration of yolk precursors in blood plasma. By combining methods based on telemetry, yolk precursors, and postovulatory follicles, we estimated maximum breeding probability as 0.68 (SE = 0.08, n = 37) in 2006. Notably, breeding probability was positively related to female body mass. Survival of female lesser scaup during the nesting and brood-rearing periods was 0.92 (SE = 0.05) in 2005 and 0.86 (SE = 0.08) in 2006. Our results suggest that breeding probability is lower than expected for lesser scaup. In addition, the implicit assumption of continental duck-monitoring programs that all paired females attempt to breed should be reevaluated. Recruitment estimates based on annual breeding-pair surveys may overestimate productivity of scaup pairs in the boreal forest. ?? The Wildlife Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2007-587","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Martin, K.H., Lindberg, M.S., Schmutz, J.A., and Bertram, M., 2009, Lesser scaup breeding probability and female survival on the yukon flats, Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 73, no. 6, p. 914-923, https://doi.org/10.2193/2007-587.","startPage":"914","endPage":"923","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216420,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2007-587"}],"volume":"73","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4657e4b0c8380cd6760d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, K. H.","contributorId":69390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindberg, M. S.","contributorId":94413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bertram, M.R.","contributorId":77387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bertram","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035582,"text":"70035582 - 2009 - Strategies for nest-site selection by king eiders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035582","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strategies for nest-site selection by king eiders","docAbstract":"Nest site selection is a critical component of reproduction and has presumably evolved in relation to predation, local resources, and microclimate. We investigated nest-site choice by king eiders (Somateria spectabilis) on the coastal plain of northern Alaska, USA, 2003-2005. We hypothesized that nest-site selection is driven by predator avoidance and that a variety of strategies including concealment, seclusion, and conspecific or inter-specific nest defense might lead to improved nesting success. We systematically searched wetland basins for king eider nests and measured habitat and social variables at nests (n = 212) and random locations (n = 493). King eiders made use of both secluded and concealed breeding strategies; logistic regression models revealed that females selected nests close to water, on islands, and in areas with high willow (Salix spp.) cover but did not select sites near conspecific or glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus) nests. The most effective nest-placement strategy may vary depending on density and types of nest predators; seclusion is likely a mammalian-predator avoidance tactic whereas concealment may provide protection from avian predators. We recommend that managers in northern Alaska attempt to maintain wetland basins with islands and complex shorelines to provide potential nest sites in the vicinity of water. ?? The Wildlife Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2008-411","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Bentzen, R., Powell, A., and Suydam, R., 2009, Strategies for nest-site selection by king eiders: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 73, no. 6, p. 932-938, https://doi.org/10.2193/2008-411.","startPage":"932","endPage":"938","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216421,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2008-411"},{"id":244291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98b9e4b08c986b31c10d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bentzen, R.L.","contributorId":42443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentzen","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, A.N.","contributorId":66194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suydam, R.S.","contributorId":74213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suydam","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035657,"text":"70035657 - 2009 - Effects of experimental water table and temperature manipulations on ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in an Alaskan rich fen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035657","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of experimental water table and temperature manipulations on ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in an Alaskan rich fen","docAbstract":"Peatlands store 30% of the world's terrestrial soil carbon (C) and those located at northern latitudes are expected to experience rapid climate warming. We monitored growing season carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) fluxes across a factorial design of in situ water table (control, drought, and flooded plots) and soil warming (control vs. warming via open top chambers) treatments for 2 years in a rich fen located just outside the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest in interior Alaska. The drought (lowered water table position) treatment was a weak sink or small source of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> compared to the moderate atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> sink at our control. This change in net ecosystem exchange was due to lower gross primary production and light-saturated photosynthesis rather than increased ecosystem respiration. The flooded (raised water table position) treatment was a greater CO<sub>2</sub> sink in 2006 due largely to increased early season gross primary production and higher light-saturated photosynthesis. Although flooding did not have substantial effects on rates of ecosystem respiration, this water table treatment had lower maximum respiration rates and a higher temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration than the control plot. Surface soil warming increased both ecosystem respiration and gross primary production by approximately 16% compared to control (ambient temperature) plots, with no net effect on net ecosystem exchange. Results from this rich fen manipulation suggest that fast responses to drought will include reduced ecosystem C storage driven by plant stress, whereas inundation will increase ecosystem C storage by stimulating plant growth. ?? 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10021-009-9292-y","issn":"14329840","usgsCitation":"Chivers, M., Turetsky, M., Waddington, J., Harden, J., and McGuire, A., 2009, Effects of experimental water table and temperature manipulations on ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in an Alaskan rich fen: Ecosystems, v. 12, no. 8, p. 1329-1342, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-009-9292-y.","startPage":"1329","endPage":"1342","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216071,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-009-9292-y"},{"id":243913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06e7e4b0c8380cd5148a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chivers, M.R.","contributorId":96505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chivers","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waddington, J. M.","contributorId":105938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waddington","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035662,"text":"70035662 - 2009 - Volcanic hazards to airports","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-16T10:22:10","indexId":"70035662","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic hazards to airports","docAbstract":"<p><span>Volcanic activity has caused significant hazards to numerous airports worldwide, with local to far-ranging effects on travelers and commerce. Analysis of a new compilation of incidents of airports impacted by volcanic activity from 1944 through 2006 reveals that, at a minimum, 101 airports in 28 countries were affected on 171 occasions by eruptions at 46 volcanoes. Since 1980, five airports per year on average have been affected by volcanic activity, which indicates that volcanic hazards to airports are not rare on a worldwide basis. The main hazard to airports is ashfall, with accumulations of only a few millimeters sufficient to force temporary closures of some airports. A substantial portion of incidents has been caused by ash in airspace in the vicinity of airports, without accumulation of ash on the ground. On a few occasions, airports have been impacted by hazards other than ash (pyroclastic flow, lava flow, gas emission, and phreatic explosion). Several airports have been affected repeatedly by volcanic hazards. Four airports have been affected the most often and likely will continue to be among the most vulnerable owing to continued nearby volcanic activity: Fontanarossa International Airport in Catania, Italy; Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport in Alaska, USA; Mariscal Sucre International Airport in Quito, Ecuador; and Tokua Airport in Kokopo, Papua New Guinea. The USA has the most airports affected by volcanic activity (17) on the most occasions (33) and hosts the second highest number of volcanoes that have caused the disruptions (5, after Indonesia with 7). One-fifth of the affected airports are within 30&nbsp;km of the source volcanoes, approximately half are located within 150&nbsp;km of the source volcanoes, and about three-quarters are within 300&nbsp;km; nearly one-fifth are located more than 500&nbsp;km away from the source volcanoes. The volcanoes that have caused the most impacts are Soufriere Hills on the island of Montserrat in the British West Indies, Tungurahua in Ecuador, Mt. Etna in Italy, Rabaul caldera in Papua New Guinea, Mt. Spurr and Mt. St. Helens in the USA, Ruapehu in New Zealand, Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines, and Anatahan in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (part of the USA). Ten countries—USA, Indonesia, Ecuador, Papua New Guinea, Italy, New Zealand, Philippines, Mexico, Japan, and United Kingdom—have the highest volcanic hazard and/or vulnerability measures for airports. The adverse impacts of volcanic eruptions on airports can be mitigated by preparedness and forewarning. Methods that have been used to forewarn airports of volcanic activity include real-time detection of explosive volcanic activity, forecasts of ash dispersion and deposition, and detection of approaching ash clouds using ground-based Doppler radar. Given the demonstrated vulnerability of airports to disruption from volcanic activity, at-risk airports should develop operational plans for ashfall events, and volcano-monitoring agencies should provide timely forewarning of imminent volcanic-ash hazards directly to airport operators.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-008-9254-2","issn":"0921030X","usgsCitation":"Guffanti, M.C., Mayberry, G.C., Casadevall, T.J., and Wunderman, R., 2009, Volcanic hazards to airports: Natural Hazards, v. 51, no. 2, p. 287-302, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-008-9254-2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"302","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487821,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1232830","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216131,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-008-9254-2"}],"volume":"51","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc2f4e4b08c986b32ae93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guffanti, Marianne C. guffanti@usgs.gov","contributorId":641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guffanti","given":"Marianne","email":"guffanti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayberry, Gari C. gmayberr@usgs.gov","contributorId":2650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayberry","given":"Gari","email":"gmayberr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":451721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casadevall, Thomas J. 0000-0002-9447-6864 tcasadevall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-6864","contributorId":2734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casadevall","given":"Thomas","email":"tcasadevall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wunderman, Richard","contributorId":33790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wunderman","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035766,"text":"70035766 - 2009 - Russian eruption warning systems for aviation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T22:40:23.157217","indexId":"70035766","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Russian eruption warning systems for aviation","docAbstract":"<p><span>More than 65 potentially active volcanoes on the Kamchatka Peninsula and the Kurile Islands pose a substantial threat to aircraft on the Northern Pacific (NOPAC), Russian Trans-East (RTE), and Pacific Organized Track System (PACOTS) air routes. The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) monitors and reports on volcanic hazards to aviation for Kamchatka and the north Kuriles. KVERT scientists utilize real-time seismic data, daily satellite views of the region, real-time video, and pilot and field reports of activity to track and alert the aviation industry of hazardous activity. Most Kurile Island volcanoes are monitored by the Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT) based in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. SVERT uses daily moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite images to look for volcanic activity along this 1,250-km chain of islands. Neither operation is staffed 24&nbsp;h per day. In addition, the vast majority of Russian volcanoes are not monitored seismically in real-time. Other challenges include multiple time-zones and language differences that hamper communication among volcanologists and meteorologists in the US, Japan, and Russia who share the responsibility to issue official warnings. Rapid, consistent verification of explosive eruptions and determination of cloud heights remain significant technical challenges. Despite these difficulties, in more than a decade of frequent eruptive activity in Kamchatka and the northern Kuriles, no damaging encounters with volcanic ash from Russian eruptions have been recorded.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-009-9347-6","issn":"0921030X","usgsCitation":"Neal, C.A., Girina, O., Senyukov, S., Rybin, A., Osiensky, J.M., Izbekov, P., and Ferguson, G., 2009, Russian eruption warning systems for aviation: Natural Hazards, v. 51, no. 2, p. 245-262, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-009-9347-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"262","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476303,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://repo.kscnet.ru/228/1/10.1007-s11069-009-9347-6.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan, Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kamchatka Peninsula, Kurile Islands","volume":"51","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaee1e4b0c8380cd87285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Girina, Olga","contributorId":37406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Girina","given":"Olga","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Senyukov, Sergey","contributorId":199610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Senyukov","given":"Sergey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rybin, Alexander","contributorId":65187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybin","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osiensky, Jeffery M.","contributorId":30186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osiensky","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Izbekov, Pavel","contributorId":237833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Izbekov","given":"Pavel","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ferguson, Gail","contributorId":248779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Gail","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035769,"text":"70035769 - 2009 - Tracking magma volume recovery at Okmok Volcano using GPS and an unscented kalman filter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-15T11:25:11","indexId":"70035769","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking magma volume recovery at Okmok Volcano using GPS and an unscented kalman filter","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"paraNumber\"><span>&nbsp;</span></span><span>Changes beneath a volcano can be observed through position changes in a GPS network, but distinguishing the source of site motion is not always straightforward. The records of continuous GPS sites provide a favorable data set for tracking magma migration. Dense campaign observations usually provide a better spatial picture of the overall deformation field, at the expense of an episodic temporal record. Combining these observations provides the best of both worlds. A Kalman filter provides a means for integrating discrete and continuous measurements and for interpreting subtle signals. The unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is a nonlinear method for time‐dependent observations. We demonstrate the application of this technique to deformation data by applying it to GPS data collected at Okmok volcano. Seven years of GPS observations at Okmok are analyzed using a Mogi source model and the UKF. The deformation source at Okmok is relatively stable at 2.5 km depth below sea level, located beneath the center of the caldera, which means the surface deformation is caused by changes in the strength of the source. During the 7 years of GPS observations more than 0.5 m of uplift has occurred, a majority of that during the time period January 2003 to July 2004. The total volume recovery at Okmok since the last eruption in 1997 is ∼60–80%. The UKF allows us to solve simultaneously for the time‐dependence of the source strength and for the location without a priori information about the source.</span> 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005837","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Fournier, T., Freymueller, J., and Cervelli, P., 2009, Tracking magma volume recovery at Okmok Volcano using GPS and an unscented kalman filter: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005837.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476359,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005837","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244145,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216282,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005837"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -168.3709716796875,\n              53.342353115548796\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.83538818359375,\n              53.342353115548796\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.83538818359375,\n              53.54357161755108\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.3709716796875,\n              53.54357161755108\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.3709716796875,\n              53.342353115548796\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb6a1e4b08c986b326db0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fournier, T.","contributorId":78964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":96841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffrey T.","affiliations":[{"id":26875,"text":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cervelli, Peter 0000-0001-6765-1009","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-1009","contributorId":46724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cervelli","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035797,"text":"70035797 - 2009 - Increase in the rate and uniformity of coastline erosion in Arctic Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T20:07:29","indexId":"70035797","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increase in the rate and uniformity of coastline erosion in Arctic Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Analysis of a 60 km segment of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea coast using a time‐series of aerial photography revealed that mean annual erosion rates increased from 6.8 m a</span><sup>−1</sup><span>(1955 to 1979), to 8.7 m a</span><sup>−1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(1979 to 2002), to 13.6 m a</span><sup>−1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(2002 to 2007). We also observed that spatial patterns of erosion have become more uniform across shoreline types with different degrees of ice‐richness. Further, during the remainder of the 2007 ice‐free season 25 m of erosion occurred locally, in the absence of a westerly storm event. Concurrent arctic changes potentially responsible for this shift in the rate and pattern of land loss include declining sea ice extent, increasing summertime sea surface temperature, rising sea‐level, and increases in storm power and corresponding wave action. Taken together, these factors may be leading to a new regime of ocean‐land interactions that are repositioning and reshaping the Arctic coastline.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2008GL036205","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Jones, B.M., Arp, C., Jorgenson, M., Hinkel, K.M., Schmutz, J.A., and Flint, P.L., 2009, Increase in the rate and uniformity of coastline erosion in Arctic Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, no. 3, L03503; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL036205.","productDescription":"L03503; 5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476392,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl036205","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216225,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GL036205"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39f3e4b0c8380cd61ac9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arp, C.D.","contributorId":54715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arp","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jorgenson, M.T.","contributorId":26889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hinkel, Kenneth M.","contributorId":15405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkel","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035856,"text":"70035856 - 2009 - Trace elements in Zn Pb Ag deposits and related stream sediments, Brooks Range Alaska, with implications for Tl as a pathfinder element","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035856","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1758,"text":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace elements in Zn Pb Ag deposits and related stream sediments, Brooks Range Alaska, with implications for Tl as a pathfinder element","docAbstract":"The Zn-Pb-Ag metallogenic province of the western and central Brooks Range, Alaska, contains two distinct but mineralogically similar deposit types: shale-hosted massive sulphide (SHMS) and smaller vein-breccia occurrences. Recent investigations of the Red Dog and Anarraaq SHMS deposits demonstrated that these deposits are characterized by high trace-element concentrations of As, Ge, Sb and Tl. This paper examines geochemistry of additional SHMS deposits (Drenchwater and Su-Lik) to determine which trace elements are ubiquitously elevated in all SHMS deposits. Data from several vein-breccia occurrences are also presented to see if trace-element concentrations can distinguish SHMS deposits from vein-breccia occurrences. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that Tl is the most consistently and highly concentrated characteristic trace element in SHMS deposits relative to regional unmineralized rock samples. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of pyrite and sphalerite indicate that Tl is concentrated in pyrite in SHMS. Stream sediment data from the Drenchwater and Su-Lik SHMS show that high Tl concentrations are more broadly distributed proximal to known or suspected mineralization than As, Sb, Zn and Pb anomalies. This broader distribution of Tl in whole-rock and particularly stream sediment samples increases the footprint of exposed and shallowly buried SHMS mineralization. High Tl concentrations also distinguish SHMS mineralization from the vein-breccia deposits, as the latter lack high concentrations of Tl but can otherwise have similar trace-element signatures to SHMS deposits. ?? 2009 AAG/Geological Society of London.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1144/1467-7873/08-177","issn":"14677873","usgsCitation":"Graham, G., Kelley, K., Slack, J.F., and Koenig, A., 2009, Trace elements in Zn Pb Ag deposits and related stream sediments, Brooks Range Alaska, with implications for Tl as a pathfinder element: Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 9, no. 1, p. 19-37, https://doi.org/10.1144/1467-7873/08-177.","startPage":"19","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216200,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/1467-7873/08-177"},{"id":244054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb64be4b08c986b326ba3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graham, G.E.","contributorId":6680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelley, K.D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":75157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slack, J. F.","contributorId":75917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koenig, A.E. 0000-0002-5230-0924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":23679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035903,"text":"70035903 - 2009 - Modeling haul-out behavior of walruses in Bering Sea ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-12T12:36:42.224176","indexId":"70035903","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling haul-out behavior of walruses in Bering Sea ice","docAbstract":"Understanding haul-out behavior of ice-associated pinnipeds is essential for designing and interpreting popula-tion surveys and for assessing effects of potential changes in their ice environments. We used satellite-linked transmitters to obtain sequential information about location and haul-out state for Pacific walruses, Odobenus rosmarus divergens (Il-liger, 1815), in the Bering Sea during April of 2004, 2005, and 2006. We used these data in a generalized mixed model of haul-out bout durations and a hierarchical Bayesian model of haul-out probabilities to assess factors related to walrus haul-out behavior, and provide the first predictive model of walrus haul-out behavior in sea ice habitat. Average haul-out bout duration was 9 h, but durations of haul-out bouts tended to increase with durations of preceding in-water bouts. On aver-age, tagged walruses spent only about 17% of their time hauled out on sea ice. Probability of being hauled out decreased with wind speed, increased with temperature, and followed a diurnal cycle with the highest values in the evening. Our haul-out probability model can be used to estimate the proportion of the population that is unavailable for detection in spring surveys of Pacific walruses on sea ice.","language":"English","publisher":"Candadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/Z09-098","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Udevitz, M.S., Jay, C.V., Fischbach, A., and Garlich-Miller, J., 2009, Modeling haul-out behavior of walruses in Bering Sea ice: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 87, no. 12, p. 1111-1128, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z09-098.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1111","endPage":"1128","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bfde4b0c8380cd6f964","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischbach, Anthony S. 0000-0002-6555-865X afischbach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X","contributorId":200780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischbach","given":"Anthony S.","email":"afischbach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garlich-Miller, J. L.","contributorId":85419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garlich-Miller","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035906,"text":"70035906 - 2009 - Diverse lavas from closely spaced volcanoes drawing from a common parent: Emmons Lake Volcanic Center, Eastern Aleutian Arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-22T08:58:17","indexId":"70035906","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diverse lavas from closely spaced volcanoes drawing from a common parent: Emmons Lake Volcanic Center, Eastern Aleutian Arc","docAbstract":"Emmons Lake Volcanic Center (ELVC) on the lower Alaskan Peninsula is one of the largest and most diverse volcanic centers in the Aleutian Arc. Since the Middle Pleistocene, eruption of ~ 350 km<sup>3</sup> of basalt through rhyolite has produced a 30 km, arc front chain of nested calderas and overlapping stratovolcanoes. ELVC has experienced as many as five major caldera-forming eruptions, the most recent, at ~ 27 ka, produced ~ 50 km<sup>3</sup> of rhyolitic ignimbrite and ash fall. These violent silicic events were interspersed with less energetic, but prodigious, outpourings of basalt through dacite. Holocene eruptions are mostly basaltic andesite to andesite and historically recorded activity includes over 40 eruptions within the last 200 yr, all from Pavlof volcano, the most active site in the Aleutian Arc. Geochemical and geophysical observations suggest that although all ELVC eruptions derive from a common clinopyroxene + spinel + plagioclase fractionating high-aluminum basalt parent in the lower crust, magma follows one of two closely spaced, but distinct paths to the surface. Under the eastern end of the chain, magma moves rapidly and cleanly through a relatively young (~ 28 ka), hydraulically connected dike plexus. Steady supply, short magma residence times, and limited interaction with crustal rocks preserve the geochemistry of deep crustal processes. Below the western part of the chain, magma moves haltingly through a long-lived (~ 500 ka) and complex intrusive column in which many generations of basaltic to andesitic melts have mingled and fractionated. Buoyant, silicic melts periodically separate from the lower parts of the column to feed voluminous eruptions of dacite and rhyolite. Mafic lavas record a complicated passage through cumulate zones and hydrous silicic residues as manifested by disequilibrium phenocryst textures, incompatible element enrichments, and decoupling of REEs and HFSEs ratios. Such features are absent in mafic lavas from the younger part of the chain, highlighting the importance of plumbing architecture and longevity in creating petrologic diversity. Supplemental Data include 156 major element (XRF) and 128 trace element (ICP-MS) whole-rock analyses, 23 new <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages, a generalized geologic map with associated unit descriptions and field photographs, and photomicrographs of key petrographic features.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.018","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Mangan, M., Miller, T., Waythomas, C., Trusdell, F., Calvert, A., and Layer, P., 2009, Diverse lavas from closely spaced volcanoes drawing from a common parent: Emmons Lake Volcanic Center, Eastern Aleutian Arc: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 287, no. 3-4, p. 363-372, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.018.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"372","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -162.12112426757812,\n              55.31410322303185\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.99203491210938,\n              55.31410322303185\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.99203491210938,\n              55.36194173392781\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.12112426757812,\n              55.36194173392781\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.12112426757812,\n              55.31410322303185\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"287","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a034ce4b0c8380cd503f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mangan, M.","contributorId":20091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, T.","contributorId":92749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waythomas, C.","contributorId":59269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trusdell, F.","contributorId":61233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Calvert, A.","contributorId":105089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Layer, P.","contributorId":55188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layer","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035907,"text":"70035907 - 2009 - NOAA/West coast and Alaska Tsunami warning center Atlantic Ocean response criteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-28T13:59:53","indexId":"70035907","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3351,"text":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NOAA/West coast and Alaska Tsunami warning center Atlantic Ocean response criteria","docAbstract":"West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center (WCATWC) response criteria for earthquakesoccurring in the Atlantic and Caribbean basins are presented. Initial warning center decisions are based on an earthquake's location, magnitude, depth, distance from coastal locations, and precomputed threat estimates based on tsunami models computed from similar events. The new criteria will help limit the geographical extent of warnings and advisories to threatened regions, and complement the new operational tsunami product suite. Criteria are set for tsunamis generated by earthquakes, which are by far the main cause of tsunami generation (either directly through sea floor displacement or indirectly by triggering of sub-sea landslides).The new criteria require development of a threat data base which sets warning or advisory zones based on location, magnitude, and pre-computed tsunami models. The models determine coastal tsunami amplitudes based on likely tsunami source parameters for a given event. Based on the computed amplitude, warning and advisory zones are pre-set.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"the Tsunami Society","issn":"87556839","usgsCitation":"Whitmore, P., Refidaff, C., Caropolo, M., Huerfano-Moreno, V., Knight, W., Sammler, W., and Sandrik, A., 2009, NOAA/West coast and Alaska Tsunami warning center Atlantic Ocean response criteria: Science of Tsunami Hazards, v. 28, no. 2, p. 86-107.","startPage":"86","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268566,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://library.lanl.gov/tsunami/ts282.pdf"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a614ee4b0c8380cd718e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitmore, P.","contributorId":93186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitmore","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Refidaff, C.","contributorId":53625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Refidaff","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caropolo, M.","contributorId":73850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caropolo","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huerfano-Moreno, V.","contributorId":40447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huerfano-Moreno","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knight, W.","contributorId":22992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sammler, W.","contributorId":101489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sammler","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sandrik, A.","contributorId":27706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandrik","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035910,"text":"70035910 - 2009 - Stratigraphic framework and estuarine depositional environments of the Miocene Bear Lake Formation, Bristol Bay Basin, Alaska: Onshore equivalents to potential reservoir strata in a frontier gas-rich basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035910","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic framework and estuarine depositional environments of the Miocene Bear Lake Formation, Bristol Bay Basin, Alaska: Onshore equivalents to potential reservoir strata in a frontier gas-rich basin","docAbstract":"The Miocene Bear Lake Formation is exposed along the coast and mountains of the central Alaska Peninsula and extends offshore as part of the Bristol Bay Basin. The Bear Lake Formation is up to 2360 m (7743 ft) thick in an offshore well and is considered to have the highest reservoir potential in this gasrich frontier basin. Our new macrofossil and palynological data, collected in the context of measured stratigraphic sections, allow us to construct the first chronostratigraphic framework for this formation. Biostratigraphic age assignments for the numerous, commonly isolated, onshore exposures of the Bear Lake Formation show that deposition initiated sometime before the middle Miocene (15 Ma) and extended to possibly the earliest Pliocene. The bulk of the Bear Lake Formation, however, was deposited during the middle and late Miocene based on our new findings. We interpret the Bear Lake Formation as the product of a regional transgressive estuarine depositional system based on lithofacies analysis. The lower part of the formation is characterized by trough cross-stratified sandstone interbedded with coal and pedogenic mudstone deposited in fluvial and swamp environments of the uppermost parts of the estuarine system. The lower-middle part of the formation is dominated by nonbioturbated, wavy- and flaser-bedded sandstone and siltstone that were deposited in supratidal flat environments. The uppermiddle part of the Bear Lake Formation is characterized by inclined heterolithic strata and coquinoid mussel beds that represent tidal channel environments in the middle and lower tracts of the estuarine system. The uppermost part of the formation consists of tabular, bioturbated sandstone with diverse marine invertebrate macrofossil faunas. We interpret this part of the section as representing the subtidal tract of the lower estuarine system and possibly the adjacent shallow inner shelf. A comparison of our depositional framework for the Bear Lake Formation with core and well-log data from onshore and offshore wells indicates that similar Miocene depositional systems existed throughout much of the Bristol Bay Basin. The documented changes in depositional environments within the Bear Lake Formation are also important for understanding upsection changes in the geometries of potential reservoirs. Copyright ??2009. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/10010808030","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Finzel, E., Ridgway, K., Reifenstuhl, R., Blodgett, R.B., White, J.M., and Decker, P., 2009, Stratigraphic framework and estuarine depositional environments of the Miocene Bear Lake Formation, Bristol Bay Basin, Alaska: Onshore equivalents to potential reservoir strata in a frontier gas-rich basin: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 93, no. 3, p. 379-405, https://doi.org/10.1306/10010808030.","startPage":"379","endPage":"405","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216086,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/10010808030"},{"id":243928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9900e4b08c986b31c1bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finzel, E.S.","contributorId":79332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finzel","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ridgway, K.D.","contributorId":62792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridgway","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reifenstuhl, R.R.","contributorId":84182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reifenstuhl","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, J. M.","contributorId":40268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Decker, P.L.","contributorId":19399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035933,"text":"70035933 - 2009 - Geochemistry of yukon and copper river tributaries, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035933","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemistry of yukon and copper river tributaries, Alaska","docAbstract":"Alaska is already beginning to be affected by changes in global climate which make it a good location to study the feedback effects between climate, the water cycle and the carbon cycle. Using river dissolved elements and Sr isotopes we examine changes and/or differences in chemical weathering between watersheds in predominantly permafrost areas and glacial watersheds. Tributaries of the Tanana, Yukon, Nenana and Copper rivers were sampled during the early snow melt in late May and the late permafrost/glacial melt period in September of 2007. Waters are predominantly CaHCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/SO<sub>4</sub> which is typical of glaciated terrains. <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr isotopes indicate three potential end-members, young basalts, radiogenic silicates and marine carbonates. The results are consistent with weathering observed in glaciated regions with trace calcites and salts dominating the dissolved load; however we have evidence for silicate weathering. Results also indicate that permafrost watersheds experience more progressive silicate weathering than glacial watersheds. ??2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceDate":"17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41036(342)592","isbn":"9780784410363","usgsCitation":"Carney, M., Ellis, A., Bullen, T., and Langman, J., 2009, Geochemistry of yukon and copper river tributaries, Alaska, <i>in</i> Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers, v. 342, Kansas City, MO, 17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009, p. 5857-5863, https://doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)592.","startPage":"5857","endPage":"5863","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216499,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)592"},{"id":244374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a172ae4b0c8380cd553e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carney, M.","contributorId":40826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carney","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, A.","contributorId":10640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bullen, T.","contributorId":102651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Langman, J.","contributorId":43199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035941,"text":"70035941 - 2009 - Numerical study of tsunami generated by multiple submarine slope failures in Resurrection Bay, Alaska, during the M<sub>W</sub> 9.2 1964 earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T16:57:18","indexId":"70035941","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Numerical study of tsunami generated by multiple submarine slope failures in Resurrection Bay, Alaska, during the M<sub>W</sub> 9.2 1964 earthquake","docAbstract":"We use a viscous slide model of Jiang and LeBlond (1994) coupled with nonlinear shallow water equations to study tsunami waves in Resurrection Bay, in south-central Alaska. The town of Seward, located at the head of Resurrection Bay, was hit hard by both tectonic and local landslide-generated tsunami waves during the M<sub>W</sub> 9.2 1964 earthquake with an epicenter located about 150 km northeast of Seward. Recent studies have estimated the total volume of underwater slide material that moved in Resurrection Bay during the earthquake to be about 211 million m<sup>3</sup>. Resurrection Bay is a glacial fjord with large tidal ranges and sediments accumulating on steep underwater slopes at a high rate. Also, it is located in a seismically active region above the Aleutian megathrust. All these factors make the town vulnerable to locally generated waves produced by underwater slope failures. Therefore it is crucial to assess the tsunami hazard related to local landslide-generated tsunamis in Resurrection Bay in order to conduct comprehensive tsunami inundation mapping at Seward. We use numerical modeling to recreate the landslides and tsunami waves of the 1964 earthquake to test the hypothesis that the local tsunami in Resurrection Bay has been produced by a number of different slope failures. We find that numerical results are in good agreement with the observational data, and the model could be employed to evaluate landslide tsunami hazard in Alaska fjords for the purposes of tsunami hazard mitigation. ?? Birkh??user Verlag, Basel 2009.","largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00024-004-0430-3","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Suleimani, E., Hansen, R., and Haeussler, P.J., 2009, Numerical study of tsunami generated by multiple submarine slope failures in Resurrection Bay, Alaska, during the M<sub>W</sub> 9.2 1964 earthquake, <i>in</i> Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 166, no. 1-2, p. 131-152, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-004-0430-3.","startPage":"131","endPage":"152","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216117,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-004-0430-3"}],"volume":"166","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6933e4b0c8380cd73c01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suleimani, E.","contributorId":91713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suleimani","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, R.","contributorId":56370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035942,"text":"70035942 - 2009 - Exhumation along the Fairweather fault, southeastern Alaska, based on low-temperature thermochronometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035942","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exhumation along the Fairweather fault, southeastern Alaska, based on low-temperature thermochronometry","docAbstract":"The southern Alaskan syntaxis marks the spectacular junction between the >1000-km-long Pacific-North America transform margin and the Chugach-St. Elias belt, where subduction and terrane accretion drive rapid convergent deformation and rock uplift. New low-temperature thermochronometry reveals that intense orogenic deformation is not restricted to one side of the syntaxis but extends nearly 300 km south along the dextral Fairweather fault. Apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He ages as young as 0.9 and 2.0 Ma suggest maximum exhumation rates of nearly 2 mm/a in close proximity (<10 km) to the Fairweather fault and average exhumation rates of >0.5 mm/a along the entire plate margin. We estimate that long-term rock uplift accommodates ???3 mm/a of fault-normal convergence in this area. This suggests that the Fairweather fault is slightly transpressive and highly partitioned, analogous to the central San Andreas fault. This convergence only accounts for ???1/5 of the obliquity between Pacific plate motion and the continental margin, however, implying the deficit is taken up by 1-2 cm/a thrust-sinistral motion along the offshore Transition fault. Additionally, thermochronometry shows a marked increase in bedrock cooling coincident with onset of heavy glaciation, similar to what has been observed in other parts of the Pacific Northwest. The tectonically active Fairweather corridor is distinguished, however, by the magnitude of the acceleration and the depth of exhumation since Pliocene climate change. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tectonics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007TC002240","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"McAleer, R., Spotila, J., Enkelmann, E., and Berger, A., 2009, Exhumation along the Fairweather fault, southeastern Alaska, based on low-temperature thermochronometry: Tectonics, v. 28, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007TC002240.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476219,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007tc002240","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216118,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007TC002240"},{"id":243964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dade4b0c8380cd53134","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAleer, R.J.","contributorId":45925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAleer","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spotila, J.A.","contributorId":41163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spotila","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enkelmann, E.","contributorId":27256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enkelmann","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berger, A.L.","contributorId":19805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035945,"text":"70035945 - 2009 - Interactive effects of fire, soil climate, and moss on CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in black spruce ecosystems of interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035945","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactive effects of fire, soil climate, and moss on CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in black spruce ecosystems of interior Alaska","docAbstract":"Fire is an important control on the carbon (C) balance of the boreal forest region. Here, we present findings from two complementary studies that examine how fire modifies soil organic matter properties, and how these modifications influence rates of decomposition and C exchange in black spruce (Picea mariana) ecosystems of interior Alaska. First, we used laboratory incubations to explore soil temperature, moisture, and vegetation effects on CO<sub>2</sub> and DOC production rates in burned and unburned soils from three study regions in interior Alaska. Second, at one of the study regions used in the incubation experiments, we conducted intensive field measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and ecosystem respiration (ER) across an unreplicated factorial design of burning (2 year post-fire versus unburned sites) and drainage class (upland forest versus peatland sites). Our laboratory study showed that burning reduced the sensitivity of decomposition to increased temperature, most likely by inducing moisture or substrate quality limitations on decomposition rates. Burning also reduced the decomposability of Sphagnum-derived organic matter, increased the hydrophobicity of feather moss-derived organic matter, and increased the ratio of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) in both the upland and peatland sites. At the ecosystem scale, our field measurements indicate that the surface organic soil was generally wetter in burned than in unburned sites, whereas soil temperature was not different between the burned and unburned sites. Analysis of variance results showed that ER varied with soil drainage class but not by burn status, averaging 0.9 ?? 0.1 and 1.4 ?? 0.1 g C m<sup>-2</sup>d<sup>-1</sup> in the upland and peatland sites, respectively. However, a more complex general linear model showed that ER was controlled by an interaction between soil temperature, moisture, and burn status, and in general was less variable over time in the burned than in the unburned sites. Together, findings from these studies across different spatial scales suggest that although fire can create some soil climate conditions more conducive to rapid decomposition, rates of C release from soils may be constrained following fire by changes in moisture and/or substrate quality that impede rates of decomposition. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10021-008-9206-4","issn":"14329840","usgsCitation":"O'Donnell, J., Turetsky, M., Harden, J., Manies, K., Pruett, L., Shetler, G., and Neff, J.C., 2009, Interactive effects of fire, soil climate, and moss on CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in black spruce ecosystems of interior Alaska: Ecosystems, v. 12, no. 1, p. 57-72, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-008-9206-4.","startPage":"57","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216147,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-008-9206-4"},{"id":243996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cd9e4b0c8380cd630c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Donnell, J. A.","contributorId":85367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manies, K.L.","contributorId":23228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pruett, L.E.","contributorId":86982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pruett","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shetler, G.","contributorId":7916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shetler","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Neff, J. C.","contributorId":29935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035965,"text":"70035965 - 2009 - Quantifying periglacial erosion: Insights on a glacial sediment budget, Matanuska Glacier, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035965","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying periglacial erosion: Insights on a glacial sediment budget, Matanuska Glacier, Alaska","docAbstract":"Glacial erosion rates are estimated to be among the highest in the world. Few studies have attempted, however, to quantify the flux of sediment from the periglacial landscape to a glacier. Here, erosion rates from the nonglacial landscape above the Matanuska Glacier, Alaska are presented and compare with an 8-yr record of proglacial suspended sediment yield. Non-glacial lowering rates range from 1??8 ?? 0??5 mm yr<sup>-1</sup> to 8??5 ?? 3??4 mm yr<sup>-1</sup> from estimates of rock fall and debris-flow fan volumes. An average erosion rate of 0??08 ?? 0??04 mm yr<sup>-1</sup> from eight convex-up ridge crests was determined using in situ produced cosmogenic <sup>10</sup>Be. Extrapolating these rates, based on landscape morphometry, to the Matanuska basin (58% ice-cover), it was found that nonglacial processes account for an annual sediment flux of 2??3 ?? 1??0 ?? 10<sup>6</sup> t. Suspended sediment data for 8 years and an assumed bedload to estimate the annual sediment yield at the Matanuska terminus to be 2??9 ?? 1??0 ?? 10<sup>6</sup> t, corresponding to an erosion rate of 1??8 ?? 0??6 mm yr<sup>-1</sup>: nonglacial sources therefore account for 80 ?? 45% of the proglacial yield. A similar set of analyses were used for a small tributary sub-basin (32% ice-cover) to determine an erosion rate of 12??1 ?? 6??9 mm yr<sup>-1</sup>, based on proglacial sediment yield, with the nonglacial sediment flux equal to 10 ?? 7% of the proglacial yield. It is suggested that erosion rates by nonglacial processes are similar to inferred subglacial rates, such that the ice-free regions of a glaciated landscape contribute significantly to the glacial sediment budget. The similar magnitude of nonglacial and glacial rates implies that partially glaciated landscapes will respond rapidly to changes in climate and base level through a rapid nonglacial response to glacially driven incision. ?? 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/esp.1885","issn":"01979337","usgsCitation":"O’Farrell, C.R., Heimsath, A., Lawson, D.E., Jorgensen, L., Evenson, E., Larson, G., and Denner, J., 2009, Quantifying periglacial erosion: Insights on a glacial sediment budget, Matanuska Glacier, Alaska: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 34, no. 15, p. 2008-2022, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1885.","startPage":"2008","endPage":"2022","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216503,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1885"},{"id":244378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91d5e4b0c8380cd804b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Farrell, C. R.","contributorId":48791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Farrell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heimsath, A.M.","contributorId":52781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heimsath","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawson, D. E.","contributorId":9343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jorgensen, L.M.","contributorId":15434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evenson, E.B.","contributorId":79628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evenson","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larson, G.","contributorId":41585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Denner, J.","contributorId":31215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denner","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035972,"text":"70035972 - 2009 - Evidence for prolonged mid-Paleozoic plutonism and ages of crustal sources in east-central Alaska from SHRIMP U-Pb dating of syn-magmatic, inherited, and detrital zircon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T09:12:01","indexId":"70035972","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for prolonged mid-Paleozoic plutonism and ages of crustal sources in east-central Alaska from SHRIMP U-Pb dating of syn-magmatic, inherited, and detrital zircon","docAbstract":"<div class=\"box-pad border-lightgray margin-bottom\"><div><div class=\"abstractSection\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p class=\"first last\">Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U–Pb analyses of igneous zircons from the Lake George assemblage in the eastern Yukon–Tanana Upland (Tanacross quadrangle) indicate both Late Devonian (∼370 Ma) and Early Mississippian (∼350 Ma) magmatic pulses. The zircons occur in four textural variants of granitic orthogneiss from a large area of muscovite–biotite augen gneiss. Granitic orthogneiss from the nearby Fiftymile batholith, which straddles the Alaska–Yukon border, yielded a similar range in zircon U–Pb ages, suggesting that both the Fiftymile batholith and the Tanacross orthogneiss body consist of multiple intrusions. We interpret the overall tectonic setting for the Late Devonian and Early Mississippian magmatism as an extending continental margin (broad back-arc region) inboard of a northeast-dipping (present coordinates) subduction zone. New SHRIMP U–Pb ages of inherited zircon cores in the Tanacross orthogneisses and of detrital zircons from quartzite from the Jarvis belt in the Alaska Range (Mount Hayes quadrangle) include major 2.0–1.7 Ga clusters and lesser 2.7–2.3 Ga clusters, with subordinate 3.2, 1.4, and 1.1 Ga clusters in some orthogneiss samples. For the most part, these inherited and core U–Pb ages match those of basement provinces of the western Canadian Shield and indicate widespread potential sources within western Laurentia for most grain populations; these ages also match the detrital zircon reference for the northern North American miogeocline and support a correlation between the two areas.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/E09-005","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., and Williams, I., 2009, Evidence for prolonged mid-Paleozoic plutonism and ages of crustal sources in east-central Alaska from SHRIMP U-Pb dating of syn-magmatic, inherited, and detrital zircon: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 46, no. 1, p. 21-39, https://doi.org/10.1139/E09-005.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243998,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon–Tanana Upland","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154.599609375,\n              61.10078883158897\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              61.10078883158897\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              68.5924865825295\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.599609375,\n              68.5924865825295\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.599609375,\n              61.10078883158897\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d4fe4b0c8380cd52f3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, I.S.","contributorId":20094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"I.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035994,"text":"70035994 - 2009 - Infrasonic ambient noise interferometry from correlations of microbaroms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-15T11:41:17","indexId":"70035994","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infrasonic ambient noise interferometry from correlations of microbaroms","docAbstract":"We show that microbaroms, continuous infrasound fluctuations resulting from the interaction of the ocean with the atmosphere, have long-range correlation properties that make it possible to estimate the impulse response between two microphones from passive recordings. The processing is analogous to methods employed in the emerging field of ambient noise seismology, where the random noise source is the ocean coupling with the solid Earth (microseisms) instead of the atmosphere (microbaroms). We find that time-dependent temperature fields and temperature inversions determine the character of infrasonic impulse responses at Fourpeaked Volcano in Alaska. Applications include imaging and monitoring the gross structure of the Earth's atmospheric boundary layer. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009GL040179","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Haney, M., 2009, Infrasonic ambient noise interferometry from correlations of microbaroms: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, no. 19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL040179.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476332,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009gl040179","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216064,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL040179"}],"volume":"36","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bc8e4b0c8380cd62830","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haney, M.M.","contributorId":72597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70036022,"text":"70036022 - 2009 - Cobble cam: Grain-size measurements of sand to boulder from digital photographs and autocorrelation analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036022","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cobble cam: Grain-size measurements of sand to boulder from digital photographs and autocorrelation analyses","docAbstract":"A new application of the autocorrelation grain size analysis technique for mixed to coarse sediment settings has been investigated. Photographs of sand- to boulder-sized sediment along the Elwha River delta beach were taken from approximately 1??2 m above the ground surface, and detailed grain size measurements were made from 32 of these sites for calibration and validation. Digital photographs were found to provide accurate estimates of the long and intermediate axes of the surface sediment (r<sup>2</sup> &gt; 0??98), but poor estimates of the short axes (r<sup>2</sup> = 0??68), suggesting that these short axes were naturally oriented in the vertical dimension. The autocorrelation method was successfully applied resulting in total irreducible error of 14% over a range of mean grain sizes of 1 to 200 mm. Compared with reported edge and object-detection results, it is noted that the autocorrelation method presented here has lower error and can be applied to a much broader range of mean grain sizes without altering the physical set-up of the camera (~200-fold versus ~6-fold). The approach is considerably less sensitive to lighting conditions than object-detection methods, although autocorrelation estimates do improve when measures are taken to shade sediments from direct sunlight. The effects of wet and dry conditions are also evaluated and discussed. The technique provides an estimate of grain size sorting from the easily calculated autocorrelation standard error, which is correlated with the graphical standard deviation at an r<sup>2</sup> of 0??69. The technique is transferable to other sites when calibrated with linear corrections based on photo-based measurements, as shown by excellent grain-size analysis results (r<sup>2</sup> = 0??97, irreducible error = 16%) from samples from the mixed grain size beaches of Kachemak Bay, Alaska. Thus, a method has been developed to measure mean grain size and sorting properties of coarse sediments. ?? 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/esp.1877","issn":"01979337","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., Rubin, D.M., Ruggiero, P., Harney, J., Draut, A., and Buscombe, D., 2009, Cobble cam: Grain-size measurements of sand to boulder from digital photographs and autocorrelation analyses: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 34, no. 13, p. 1811-1821, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1877.","startPage":"1811","endPage":"1821","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218563,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1877"},{"id":246585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f799e4b0c8380cd4cbd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, D. M.","contributorId":103689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruggiero, P.","contributorId":25995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harney, J.N.","contributorId":77693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harney","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Draut, A.E.","contributorId":50273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draut","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Buscombe, D.","contributorId":44020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buscombe","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036031,"text":"70036031 - 2009 - Dramatic declines of DDE and other organochlorines in spring migrant Peregrine Falcons from Padre Island, Texas, 1978-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T14:57:00","indexId":"70036031","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dramatic declines of DDE and other organochlorines in spring migrant Peregrine Falcons from Padre Island, Texas, 1978-2004","docAbstract":"Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) captured in the spring at Padre Island, Texas, nest across the arctic and subarctic from Alaska to Greenland and winter throughout Latin America. Padre Island, located immediately north of the Mexican border, is the peregrines' first landfall in the U.S.A. after spending about 6 mo in Latin America. Blood plasma was collected from spring migrants at Padre Island between 1978 and 2004 to monitor trends in organochlorine (OC) pesticides and their metabolites. Geometric mean concentrations of p,p'-DDE (??g/g, ww) decreased throughout the study: 1978-1979 (0.879), 1980 (0.617), 1984 (0.551), 1994 (0.406) and 2004 (0.013). Most other OC pesticides, with detection limits used during the earlier portion of this study, were no longer detected during the last two sampling periods. The reduced concentrations of OC pesticides suggest that other pesticides (including carbamates, organophosphates and pyrethroids) are likely being used as replacements. These replacement compounds are not as persistent and cannot be readily evaluated at migration sites like Padre Island. However, concentrations of flame retardants (polybrominated diphenyl ethers; PBDEs) have recently increased in bird eggs in many regions and have been reported in blood plasma. Concentrations of PBDEs in peregrine plasma could be evaluated at Padre Island for assessment of trends in the Americas. ?? 2009 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3356/JRR-08-45.1","issn":"08921016","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Yates, M., and Seegar, W., 2009, Dramatic declines of DDE and other organochlorines in spring migrant Peregrine Falcons from Padre Island, Texas, 1978-2004: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 43, no. 1, p. 37-42, https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-08-45.1.","startPage":"37","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218238,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3356/JRR-08-45.1"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03d4e4b0c8380cd50688","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yates, M.A.","contributorId":79593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seegar, W.S.","contributorId":11301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seegar","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}