{"pageNumber":"138","pageRowStart":"3425","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10458,"records":[{"id":70148271,"text":"70148271 - 2015 - Depositional conditions for the Kuna Formation, Red Dog Zn-PB-Ag-Barite District, Alaska, inferred from isotopic and chemical proxies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T11:29:28","indexId":"70148271","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-27T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional conditions for the Kuna Formation, Red Dog Zn-PB-Ag-Barite District, Alaska, inferred from isotopic and chemical proxies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water column redox conditions, degree of restriction of the depositional basin, and other paleoenvironmental parameters have been determined for the Mississippian Kuna Formation of northwestern Alaska from stratigraphic profiles of Mo, Fe/Al, and S isotopes in pyrite, C isotopes in organic matter, and N isotopes in bulk rock. This unit is important because it hosts the Red Dog and Anarraaq Zn-Pb-Ag &plusmn; barite deposits, which together constitute one of the largest zinc resources in the world. The isotopic and chemical proxies record a deep basin environment that became isolated from the open ocean, became increasingly reducing, and ultimately became euxinic. The basin was ventilated briefly and then became isolated again just prior to its demise as a discrete depocenter with the transition to the overlying Siksikpuk Formation. Ventilation corresponded approximately to the initiation of bedded barite deposition in the district, whereas the demise of the basin corresponded approximately to the formation of the massive sulfide deposits. The changes in basin circulation during deposition of the upper Kuna Formation may have had multiple immediate causes, but the underlying driver was probably extensional tectonic activity that also facilitated fluid flow beneath the basin floor. Although the formation of sediment-hosted sulfide deposits is generally favored by highly reducing conditions, the Zn-Pb deposits of the Red Dog district are not found in the major euxinic facies of the Kuna basin, nor did they form during the main period of euxinia. Rather, the deposits occur where strata were permeable to migrating fluids and where excess H</span><sub>2</sub><span>S was available beyond what was produced in situ by decomposition of local sedimentary organic matter. The known deposits formed mainly by replacement of calcareous strata that gained H</span><sub>2</sub><span>S from nearby highly carbonaceous beds (Anarraaq deposit) or by fracturing and vein formation in strata that produced excess H</span><sub>2</sub><span>S by reductive dissolution of preexisting barite (Red Dog deposits).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.110.5.1143","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.A., Dumoulin, J.A., Burruss, R.A., and Slack, J.F., 2015, Depositional conditions for the Kuna Formation, Red Dog Zn-PB-Ag-Barite District, Alaska, inferred from isotopic and chemical proxies: Economic Geology, v. 110, no. 5, p. 1143-1156, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.110.5.1143.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1143","endPage":"1156","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044384","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kuna Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -166.201171875,\n              68.60852084639889\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.20214843749997,\n              68.57644086491786\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.20214843749997,\n              67.75939813204413\n            ],\n            [\n              -164.443359375,\n              67.7094454829218\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.76171875,\n              68.10610151896537\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.640625,\n              68.31814602144938\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.201171875,\n              68.60852084639889\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566dca1e4b0d9246a9ec285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burruss, Robert A. 0000-0001-6827-804X burruss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"burruss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70159949,"text":"70159949 - 2015 - Book review: Flight ways: Life and loss at the edge of extinction.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:46:30","indexId":"70159949","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-25T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Flight ways: Life and loss at the edge of extinction.","docAbstract":"<p><span>In less than 200 pages, Thom van Dooren aims in his ambitious book,&nbsp;</span><i>Flight Ways</i><span>, to reconnect humans empathetically with the rest of the planet's inhabitants, but especially vanishing species. This is asking a lot, but he succeeds&mdash;or at least makes great strides&mdash;using evocative storytelling and compelling discourse. A number of themes are carefully woven together with the goal of awakening sensitivities, building understanding, and motivating commitment to stopping the decline of populations and species. As one who works in the field of endangered Hawaiian bird research, I found this book illuminating, thought-provoking, and insightful. It probes deeply into the evolution, ecology, and ethics of our interactions with other species and offers useful lessons for thinking about endangered species and extinction in more meaningful ways. It will likely spur self-examination and further inquiry by readers, which can open new lines of communication with the general public about conservation.</span></p>\n<p><span>Review info:&nbsp;<i>Flight Ways: Life and Loss at the Edge of Extinction</i>. By Thom van Dooren, 2014. ISBN 978-0231166188, 193 pp.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Field Ornithologists","doi":"10.1111/jofo.12101","usgsCitation":"Banko, P.C., 2015, Book review: Flight ways: Life and loss at the edge of extinction.: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 86, no. 2, p. 180-182, https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12101.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"180","endPage":"182","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062744","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12101","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbc7e4b06a3ea36c8b01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banko, Paul C. 0000-0002-6035-9803 pbanko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-9803","contributorId":3179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"Paul","email":"pbanko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70148163,"text":"70148163 - 2015 - Different populations of blacklegged tick nymphs exhibit differences in questing behavior that have implications for human lyme disease risk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-28T09:31:13","indexId":"70148163","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-21T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Different populations of blacklegged tick nymphs exhibit differences in questing behavior that have implications for human lyme disease risk","docAbstract":"<p>Animal behavior can have profound effects on pathogen transmission and disease incidence. We studied the questing (= host-seeking) behavior of blacklegged tick (<i>Ixodes scapularis</i>) nymphs, which are the primary vectors of Lyme disease in the eastern United States. Lyme disease is common in northern but not in southern regions, and prior ecological studies have found that standard methods used to collect host-seeking nymphs in northern regions are unsuccessful in the south. This led us to hypothesize that there are behavior differences between northern and southern nymphs that alter how readily they are collected, and how likely they are to transmit the etiological agent of Lyme disease to humans. To examine this question, we compared the questing behavior of <i>I. scapularis</i> nymphs originating from one northern (Lyme disease endemic) and two southern (non-endemic) US regions at field sites in Wisconsin, Rhode Island, Tennessee, and Florida. Laboratory-raised uninfected nymphs were monitored in circular 0.2 m<sup>2</sup> arenas containing wooden dowels (mimicking stems of understory vegetation) for 10 (2011) and 19 (2012) weeks. The probability of observing nymphs questing on these stems (2011), and on stems, on top of leaf litter, and on arena walls (2012) was much greater for northern than for southern origin ticks in both years and at all field sites (19.5 times greater in 2011; 3.6-11.6 times greater in 2012). Our findings suggest that southern origin I. scapularis nymphs rarely emerge from the leaf litter, and consequently are unlikely to contact passing humans. We propose that this difference in questing behavior accounts for observed geographic differences in the efficacy of the standard sampling techniques used to collect questing nymphs. These findings also support our hypothesis that very low Lyme disease incidence in southern states is, in part, a consequence of the type of host-seeking behavior exhibited by southern populations of the key Lyme disease vector.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0127450","usgsCitation":"Arsnoe, I.M., Hickling, G.J., Ginsberg, H.S., McElreath, R., and Tsao, J.I., 2015, Different populations of blacklegged tick nymphs exhibit differences in questing behavior that have implications for human lyme disease risk: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 5, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127450.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064856","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127450","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55659937e4b0d9246a9eb614","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arsnoe, Isis M.","contributorId":140902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arsnoe","given":"Isis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hickling, Graham J.","contributorId":140903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hickling","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ginsberg, Howard S. hginsberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":140901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"Howard","email":"hginsberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McElreath, Richard","contributorId":140904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McElreath","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tsao, Jean I.","contributorId":140905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsao","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70148166,"text":"70148166 - 2015 - Composition, shell strength, and metabolizable energy of Mulinia lateralis and Ischadium recurvum as food for wintering surf scoters (Melanitta perspicillata)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-26T12:43:02","indexId":"70148166","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-15T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Composition, shell strength, and metabolizable energy of Mulinia lateralis and Ischadium recurvum as food for wintering surf scoters (Melanitta perspicillata)","docAbstract":"<p>Decline in surf scoter (Melanitta perspicillata) waterfowl populations wintering in the Chesapeake Bay has been associated with changes in the availability of benthic bivalves. The Bay has become more eutrophic, causing changes in the benthos available to surf scoters. The subsequent decline in oyster beds (Crassostrea virginica) has reduced the hard substrate needed by the hooked mussel (Ischadium recurvum), one of the primary prey items for surf scoters, causing the surf scoter to switch to a more opportune species, the dwarf surfclam (Mulinia lateralis). The composition (macronutrients, minerals, and amino acids), shell strength (N), and metabolizable energy (kJ) of these prey items were quantified to determine the relative foraging values for wintering scoters. Pooled samples of each prey item were analyzed to determine composition. Shell strength (N) was measured using a shell crack compression test. Total collection digestibility trials were conducted on eight captive surf scoters. For the prey size range commonly consumed by surf scoters (6-12 mm for M. lateralis and 18-24 mm for I. recurvum), I. recurvum contained higher ash, protein, lipid, and energy per individual organism than M. lateralis. I. recurvum required significantly greater force to crack the shell relative to M. lateralis. No difference in metabolized energy was observed for these prey items in wintering surf scoters, despite I. recurvum's higher ash content and harder shell than M. lateralis. Therefore, wintering surf scoters were able to obtain the same amount of energy from each prey item, implying that they can sustain themselves if forced to switch prey.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0119839","usgsCitation":"Berlin, A., Perry, M.C., Kohn, R., Paynter, K., and Ottinger, M.A., 2015, Composition, shell strength, and metabolizable energy of Mulinia lateralis and Ischadium recurvum as food for wintering surf scoters (Melanitta perspicillata): PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 5, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119839.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049373","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119839","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55659935e4b0d9246a9eb610","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berlin, Alicia aberlin@usgs.gov","contributorId":4139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlin","given":"Alicia","email":"aberlin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. mperry@usgs.gov","contributorId":429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew","email":"mperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kohn, R.A.","contributorId":140930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kohn","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paynter, K.T. Jr.","contributorId":140931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paynter","given":"K.T.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ottinger, Mary Ann","contributorId":26422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ottinger","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70148056,"text":"70148056 - 2015 - The Holocene history of the North American Monsoon: 'known knowns' and 'known unknowns' in understanding its spatial and temporal complexity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-19T07:47:08","indexId":"70148056","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Holocene history of the North American Monsoon: 'known knowns' and 'known unknowns' in understanding its spatial and temporal complexity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Evidence for climatic change across the North American Monsoon (NAM) and adjacent areas is reviewed, drawing on continental and marine records and the application of climate models. Patterns of change at 12,000, 9000, 6000 and 4000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP are presented to capture the nature of change from the Younger Dryas (YD) and through the mid-Holocene. At the YD, conditions were cooler overall, wetter in the north and drier in the south, while moving into the Holocene wetter conditions became established in the south and then spread north as the NAM strengthened. Until c. 8000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP, the Laurentide Ice Sheet influenced precipitation in the north by pushing the Bermuda High further south. The peak extent of the NAM seems to have occurred around 6000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP. 4000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP marks the start of important changes across the NAM region, with drying in the north and the establishment of the clear differences between the summer-rain dominated south and central areas and the north, where winter rain is more important. This differentiation between south and north is crucial to understanding many climate responses across the NAM. This increasing variability is coincident with the declining influence of orbital forcing. 4000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP also marks the onset of significant anthropogenic activity in many areas. For the last 2000 years, the focus is on higher temporal resolution change, with strong variations across the region. The Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) is characterised by centennial scale &lsquo;megadrought&rsquo; across the southwest USA, associated with cooler tropical Pacific SSTs and persistent La Ni&ntilde;a type conditions. Proxy data from southern Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean reveal generally wetter conditions, whereas records from the highlands of central Mexico and much of the Yucatan are typified by long -term drought. The Little Ice Age (LIA), in the north, was characterised by cooler, wetter winter conditions that have been linked with increased frequency of El Ni&ntilde;o's. Proxy records in the central and southern regions reveal generally dry LIA conditions, consistent with cooler SSTs in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. This synthesis demonstrates that in some periods, one major forcing can dominate across the whole area (e.g. insolation in the early-mid Holocene), but at other times there is strong variability in patterns of change due to the differential impact of forcings such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) on precipitation seasonality.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.04.004","usgsCitation":"Metcalfe, S.E., Barron, J.A., and Davies, S., 2015, The Holocene history of the North American Monsoon: 'known knowns' and 'known unknowns' in understanding its spatial and temporal complexity: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 120, p. 1-27, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.04.004.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059189","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://pure.aber.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-holocene-history-of-the-north-american-monsoon-known-knowns-and-known-unknowns-in-understanding-its-spatial-and-temporal-complexity(cf262a2e-ac81-4f29-97cf-b4398599dbde).html","text":"External Repository"},{"id":300433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.765625,\n              -4.214943141390639\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.765625,\n              51.83577752045248\n            ],\n            [\n              -37.96875,\n              51.83577752045248\n            ],\n            [\n              -37.96875,\n              -4.214943141390639\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.765625,\n              -4.214943141390639\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"120","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555718c0e4b0a92fa7e9d045","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metcalfe, Sarah E.","contributorId":103555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metcalfe","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davies, Sarah J.","contributorId":140794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davies","given":"Sarah J.","affiliations":[{"id":13568,"text":"Department Geography, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY21 3DB, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148028,"text":"70148028 - 2015 - Late Holocene flood probabilities in the Black Hills, South Dakota with emphasis on the Medieval Climate Anomaly","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-24T16:23:28","indexId":"70148028","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-13T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1198,"text":"Catena","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Holocene flood probabilities in the Black Hills, South Dakota with emphasis on the Medieval Climate Anomaly","docAbstract":"<p><span>A stratigraphic record of 35 large paleofloods and four large historical floods during the last 2000&nbsp;years for four basins in the Black Hills of South Dakota reveals three long-term flooding episodes, identified using probability distributions, at A.D.: 120&ndash;395, 900&ndash;1290, and 1410 to present. During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (~&nbsp;A.D. 900&ndash;1300) the four basins collectively experienced 13 large floods compared to nine large floods in the previous 800&nbsp;years, including the largest floods of the last 2000&nbsp;years for two of the four basins. This high concentration of extreme floods is likely caused by one or more of the following: 1) instability of air masses caused by stronger than normal westerlies; 2) larger or more frequent hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean; and/or 3) reduced land covering vegetation or increased forest fires caused by persistent regional drought.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2014.10.002","usgsCitation":"Harden, T., O'Connor, J., and Driscoll, D.G., 2015, Late Holocene flood probabilities in the Black Hills, South Dakota with emphasis on the Medieval Climate Anomaly: Catena, v. 130, p. 62-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.10.002.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055115","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Black Hills","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.55318069458008,\n              44.078706730986426\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.55781555175781,\n              44.08388589964452\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.53378295898438,\n              44.31009208868226\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.42889785766602,\n              44.2867486691176\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.22959899902344,\n              43.97848702497319\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.33946228027344,\n              43.9814516139716\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.55318069458008,\n              44.078706730986426\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"130","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555467a5e4b0a92fa7e94f11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harden, Tessa M. 0000-0001-9854-1347","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-1347","contributorId":85690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harden","given":"Tessa M.","affiliations":[{"id":6736,"text":"Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Connor, James E. oconnor@usgs.gov","contributorId":138998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"James E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driscoll, Daniel G. dgdrisco@usgs.gov","contributorId":1558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Daniel","email":"dgdrisco@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148033,"text":"70148033 - 2015 - Using biotic ligand models to predict metal toxicity in mineralized systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-13T13:56:29","indexId":"70148033","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-13T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using biotic ligand models to predict metal toxicity in mineralized systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>The biotic ligand model (BLM) is a numerical approach that couples chemical speciation calculations with toxicological information to predict the toxicity of aquatic metals. This approach was proposed as an alternative to expensive toxicological testing, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency incorporated the BLM into the 2007 revised aquatic life ambient freshwater quality criteria for Cu. Research BLMs for Ag, Ni, Pb, and Zn are also available, and many other BLMs are under development. Current BLMs are limited to &lsquo;one metal, one organism&rsquo; considerations. Although the BLM generally is an improvement over previous approaches to determining water quality criteria, there are several challenges in implementing the BLM, particularly at mined and mineralized sites. These challenges include: (1) historically incomplete datasets for BLM input parameters, especially dissolved organic carbon (DOC), (2) several concerns about DOC, such as DOC fractionation in Fe- and Al-rich systems and differences in DOC quality that result in variations in metal-binding affinities, (3) water-quality parameters and resulting metal-toxicity predictions that are temporally and spatially dependent, (4) additional influences on metal bioavailability, such as multiple metal toxicity, dietary metal toxicity, and competition among organisms or metals, (5) potential importance of metal interactions with solid or gas phases and/or kinetically controlled reactions, and (6) tolerance to metal toxicity observed for aquatic organisms living in areas with elevated metal concentrations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.07.005","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.S., Balistrieri, L.S., and Todd, A.S., 2015, Using biotic ligand models to predict metal toxicity in mineralized systems: Applied Geochemistry, v. 57, p. 55-72, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.07.005.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057252","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.07.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300370,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555467aae4b0a92fa7e94f1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balistrieri, Laurie S. 0000-0002-6359-3849 balistri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6359-3849","contributorId":1406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balistrieri","given":"Laurie","email":"balistri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Todd, Andrew S. atodd@usgs.gov","contributorId":1022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Andrew","email":"atodd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148002,"text":"70148002 - 2015 - Temperature impacts on the water year 2014 drought in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T10:02:44","indexId":"70148002","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-12T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature impacts on the water year 2014 drought in California","docAbstract":"<p><span>California is experiencing one of the worst droughts on record. Here we use a hydrological model and risk assessment framework to understand the influence of temperature on the water year (WY) 2014 drought in California and examine the probability that this drought would have been less severe if temperatures resembled the historical climatology. Our results indicate that temperature played an important role in exacerbating the WY 2014 drought severity. We found that if WY 2014 temperatures resembled the 1916&ndash;2012 climatology, there would have been at least an 86% chance that winter snow water equivalent and spring-summer soil moisture and runoff deficits would have been less severe than the observed conditions. We also report that the temperature forecast skill in California for the important seasons of winter and spring is negligible, beyond a lead-time of one month, which we postulate might hinder skillful drought prediction in California.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2015GL063666","usgsCitation":"Shukla, S., Safeeq, M., AghaKouchak, A., Guan, K., and Funk, C.C., 2015, Temperature impacts on the water year 2014 drought in California: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 11, p. 4384-4393, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063666.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"4384","endPage":"4393","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2013-10-01","temporalEnd":"2014-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-064133","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository 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Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Safeeq, Mohammad 0000-0003-0529-3925","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0529-3925","contributorId":77814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Safeeq","given":"Mohammad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6641,"text":"University of California at Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"AghaKouchak, Amir","contributorId":140736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"AghaKouchak","given":"Amir","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13550,"text":"Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California Irvine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guan, Kaiyu","contributorId":140737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guan","given":"Kaiyu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13551,"text":"Kaiyu Guan, Department of Environmental Earth System Science, Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70154770,"text":"70154770 - 2015 - A pheromone outweighs temperature in influencing migration of sea lamprey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-23T08:50:58","indexId":"70154770","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-06T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3908,"text":"Royal Society Open Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A pheromone outweighs temperature in influencing migration of sea lamprey","docAbstract":"<p><span>Organisms continuously acquire and process information from surrounding cues. While some cues complement one another in delivering more reliable information, others may provide conflicting information. How organisms extract and use reliable information from a multitude of cues is largely unknown. We examined movement decisions of sea lampreys (</span><i>Petromyzon marinus</i><span>&nbsp;L.) exposed to a conspecific and an environmental cue during pre-spawning migration. Specifically, we predicted that the mature male-released sex pheromone 3-keto petromyzonol sulfate (3kPZS) will outweigh the locomotor inhibiting effects of cold stream temperature (less than 15&deg;C). Using large-scale stream bioassays, we found that 3kPZS elicits an increase (more than 40%) in upstream movement of pre-spawning lampreys when the water temperatures were below 15&deg;C. Both warming temperatures and conspecific cues increase upstream movement when the water temperature rose above 15&deg;C. These patterns define an interaction between abiotic and conspecific cues in modulating animal decision-making, providing an example of the hierarchy of contradictory information.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1098/rsos.150009","usgsCitation":"Brant, C., Li, K., Johnson, N., and Li, W., 2015, A pheromone outweighs temperature in influencing migration of sea lamprey: Royal Society Open Science, v. 2, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150009.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064542","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308167,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92ace4b05d6c4e501a40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brant, Cory O.","contributorId":52872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brant","given":"Cory O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Ke","contributorId":172267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Ke","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. njohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":145449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas S.","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Weiming","contributorId":65440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Weiming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70141459,"text":"sir20155023 - 2015 - Water quality of the Little Arkansas River and <i>Equus</i> Beds Aquifer before and concurrent with large-scale artificial recharge, south-central Kansas, 1995-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-07T09:43:27","indexId":"sir20155023","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-05T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5023","title":"Water quality of the Little Arkansas River and <i>Equus</i> Beds Aquifer before and concurrent with large-scale artificial recharge, south-central Kansas, 1995-2012","docAbstract":"<p>The city of Wichita artificially recharged about 1 billion gallons of water into the&nbsp;<i>Equus</i>&nbsp;Beds aquifer during 2007&ndash;2012 as part of Phase I recharge of the Artificial Storage and Recovery project. This report, prepared in cooperation by the U.S. Geological Survey and the city of Wichita, Kansas, summarizes Little Arkansas River (source-water for artificial recharge) and<i>Equus</i>&nbsp;Beds aquifer water quality before (1995&ndash;2006) and during (2007&ndash;2012) Artificial Storage and Recovery Phase I recharge. Additionally, aquifer water-quality distribution maps are presented and water-quality changes associated with Phase I recharge timing are described.</p>\n<p>Computed chloride concentrations in the Little Arkansas River exceeded the Federal secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) about 20 percent of the time during 1999 through 2012, primarily during low-flow conditions. Groundwater chloride concentrations during 2001 through 2012 exceeded the SMCL in about 6 percent of shallow wells and 7 percent of deep wells, primarily near Burrton, Kansas and along the Arkansas River. Nearly all surface water nitrate plus nitrite concentrations during 1995 through 2012 were less than the Federal maximum contaminant level (MCL); groundwater nitrate plus nitrite concentrations exceeded the MCL in about 16 percent of shallow groundwater samples and were minimal in the deeper parts of the aquifer. Several trace elements frequently exceeded drinking water criteria, including arsenic, iron, and manganese.</p>\n<p>Recharge activities at Phase I recharge wells have not resulted in substantial effects on groundwater quality in the area, likely because the total amount of water recharged is relatively small (1 billion gallons) compared to aquifer storage volume (greater than 990 billion gallons in winter 2012). The eastward movement of the Burrton chloride plume is likely being slowed by a line of recharge locations associated with Phase I; however, chloride concentrations in deep groundwater still advanced to less than one half mile from the central part of the study area. Water-quality constituents of concern (major ions, nutrients, trace elements, triazine herbicides, and fecal indicator bacteria) have not increased substantially and are likely more affected by climatological (natural recharge by precipitation) and natural (geochemical oxidation/reduction, metabolic and decay rates) processes than artificial recharge. Arsenic remains a water-quality constituent of concern because of natural and continued persistence of concentrations exceeding the Federal maximum contaminant level of 10 micrograms per liter, especially in the deeper parts of the<i>Equus</i>&nbsp;Beds aquifer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155023","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita, Kansas, as part of the Equus Beds Groundwater Recharge Project","usgsCitation":"Tappa, D.J., Lanning-Rush, J., Klager, B.J., Hansen, C.V., and Ziegler, A., 2015, Water quality of the Little Arkansas River and <i>Equus</i> Beds Aquifer before and concurrent with large-scale artificial recharge, south-central Kansas, 1995-2012 (Version 1: Originally posted May 5, 2015; Version 1.1: May 6, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5023, Report: ix, 67 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155023.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 67 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"82","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1995-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-057383","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155023.jpg"},{"id":300152,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5023/downloads","text":"Downloads Directory","description":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: Figures1.1_1.2.xlsx and Table1-1.xlsx"},{"id":300095,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5023/pdf/sir2015-5023.pdf","size":"9.55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":300096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70159329,"text":"70159329 - 2015 - Vegetation community response to tidal marsh restoration of a large river estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-26T17:10:45","indexId":"70159329","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation community response to tidal marsh restoration of a large river estuary","docAbstract":"<p>Estuaries are biologically productive and diverse ecosystems that provide ecosystem services including protection of inland areas from flooding, filtering freshwater outflows, and providing habitats for fish and wildlife. Alteration of historic habitats, including diking for agriculture, has decreased the function of many estuarine systems, and recent conservation efforts have been directed at restoring these degraded areas to reestablish their natural resource function. The Nisqually Delta in southern Puget Sound is an estuary that has been highly modified by restricting tidal flow, and recent restoration of the delta contributed to one of the largest tidal salt marsh restorations in the Pacific Northwest. We correlated the response of nine major tidal marsh species to salinities at different elevation zones. Our results indicated that wetland species richness was not related to soil pore-water salinity (R2 = 0.03), but were stratified into different elevation zones (R2 = 0.47). Thus, restoration that fosters a wide range of elevations will provide the most diverse plant habitat, and potentially, the greatest resilience to environmental change.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.089.0205","usgsCitation":"Belleveau, L.J., Takekawa, J.Y., Woo, I., Turner, K.L., Barham, J.B., Takekawa, J.E., Ellings, C.S., and Chin-Leo, G., 2015, Vegetation community response to tidal marsh restoration of a large river estuary: Northwest Science, v. 89, no. 2, p. 136-147, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.089.0205.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"136","endPage":"147","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061861","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310321,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Nisqually Delta, Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.84912109375,\n              47.082280017014014\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.84912109375,\n              47.21397145824759\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.58407592773438,\n              47.21397145824759\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.58407592773438,\n              47.082280017014014\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.84912109375,\n              47.082280017014014\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562a08fbe4b011227bf1fe0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belleveau, Lisa J.","contributorId":149341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belleveau","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17709,"text":"USGS student, Evergreen State College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":578023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woo, Isa 0000-0002-8447-9236 iwoo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-9236","contributorId":2524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woo","given":"Isa","email":"iwoo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turner, Kelley L.","contributorId":146990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"Kelley","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16767,"text":"WERC, USGS former employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barham, Jesse B.","contributorId":149342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barham","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17710,"text":"Nisqually NWR, USFWS, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Takekawa, Jean E.","contributorId":146991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Takekawa","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16768,"text":"USFWS, Nisqually NWR, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ellings, Christopher S.","contributorId":149343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellings","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17711,"text":"Dep't Natural Resources, Nisqually Indian Tribe, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chin-Leo, Gerardo","contributorId":149344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chin-Leo","given":"Gerardo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17712,"text":"Evergreen State College, Olympia, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70155514,"text":"70155514 - 2015 - Introduction to special section: China shale gas and shale oil plays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T09:25:42","indexId":"70155514","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3906,"text":"Interpretation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction to special section: China shale gas and shale oil plays","docAbstract":"<p class=\"first\">In the last 10 years, the success of shale gas and shale oil productions as a result of technological advances in horizontal drilling, hydraulic fracturing and nanoscale reservoir characterization have revolutionized the energy landscape in the United States. Resource assessment by the China Ministry of Land and Resources in 2010 and 2012 and by the U.S. Energy Information Administration in 2011 and 2013 indicates China&rsquo;s shale gas resource is the largest in the world and shale oil resource in China is also potentially significant. Inspired by the success in the United States, China looks forward to replicating the U.S. experience to produce shale gas to power its economy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By 2014, China had drilled 400 wells targeting marine, lacustrine, and coastal swamp transitional shales spanning in age from the Precambrian to Cenozoic in the last five years. So far, China is the leading country outside of North America in the viable production of shale gas, with very promising prospects for shale gas and shale oil development, from the Lower Silurian Longmaxi marine shale in Fuling in the southeastern Sichuan Basin. Geological investigations by government and academic institutions as well as exploration and production activities from industry indicate that the tectonic framework, depositional settings, and geomechanical properties of most of the Chinese shales are more complex than many of the producing marine shales in the United States. These differences limit the applicability of geologic analogues from North America for use in Chinese shale oil and gas resource assessments, exploration strategies, reservoir characterization, and determination of optimal hydraulic fracturing techniques. Understanding the unique features of the geology, shale oil and gas resource potential, and reservoir characteristics is crucial for sweet spot identification, hydraulic fracturing optimization, and reservoir performance prediction.</p>\n<p>Even though China shale gas and shale oil exploration is still in an early stage, limited data are already available. We are pleased to have selected eight high-quality papers from fifteen submitted manuscripts for this timely section on the topic of China shale gas and shale oil plays. These selected papers discuss various subject areas including regional geology, resource potentials, integrated and multidisciplinary characterization of China shale reservoirs (geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and petrophysics) China shale property measurement using new techniques, case studies for marine, lacustrine, and transitional shale deposits in China, and hydraulic fracturing. One paper summarizes the regional geology and different tectonic and depositional settings of the major prospective shale oil and gas plays in China. Four papers concentrate on the geology, geochemistry, reservoir characterization, lithologic heterogeneity, and sweet spot identification in the Silurian Longmaxi marine shale in the Sichuan Basin in southwest China, which is currently the primary focus of shale gas exploration in China. One paper discusses the Ordovician Salgan Shale in the Tarim Basin in northwest China, and two papers focus on the reservoir characterization and hydraulic fracturing of Triassic lacustrine shale in the Ordos Basin in northern China. Each paper discusses a specific area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/INT2015-0317-SPSEINTRO.1","usgsCitation":"Jiang, S., Zeng, H., Zhang, J., Fishman, N., Bai, B., Xiao, X., Zhang, T., Ellis, G.S., Li, X., Richards-McClung, B., Cai, D., and Ma, Y., 2015, Introduction to special section: China shale gas and shale oil plays: Interpretation, v. 3, no. 2, p. SJi-SJii, https://doi.org/10.1190/INT2015-0317-SPSEINTRO.1.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"SJi","endPage":"SJii","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064545","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306877,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              71.015625,\n              35.460669951495305\n            ],\n            [\n              100.8984375,\n              20.96143961409684\n            ],\n            [\n              115.6640625,\n              18.312810846425442\n            ],\n            [\n              123.3984375,\n              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Xianming","contributorId":145908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xiao","given":"Xianming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16292,"text":"Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zhang, Tongwei","contributorId":145909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Tongwei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16288,"text":"Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources 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Dongsheng","contributorId":145912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cai","given":"Dongsheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16294,"text":"China National Offshore Oil Company, Beijing, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ma, Yongsheng","contributorId":145913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Yongsheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16295,"text":"Sinopec, Beijing, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70192198,"text":"70192198 - 2015 - How a national vegetation classification can help ecological research and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-20T12:51:28","indexId":"70192198","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How a national vegetation classification can help ecological research and management","docAbstract":"The elegance of classification lies in its ability to compile and systematize various terminological conventions and masses of information that are unattainable during typical research projects. Imagine a discipline without standards for collection, analysis, and interpretation; unfortunately, that describes much of 20th-century vegetation ecology. With differing methods, how do we assess community dynamics over decades, much less centuries? How do we compare plant communities from different areas? The need for a widely applied vegetation classification has long been clear. Now imagine a multi-decade effort to assimilate hundreds of disparate vegetation classifications into one common classification for the US. In this letter, we introduce the US National Vegetation Classification (USNVC; www.usnvc.org) as a powerful tool for research and conservation, analogous to the argument made by Schimel and Chadwick (2013) for soils. The USNVC provides a national framework to classify and describe vegetation; here we describe the USNVC and offer brief examples of its efficacy.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/15.WB.006","usgsCitation":"Franklin, S., Comer, P., Evens, J., Ezcurra, E., Faber-Langendoen, D., Franklin, J., Jennings, M., Josse, C., Lea, C., Loucks, O., Muldavin, E., Peet, R.K., Ponomarenko, S., Roberts, D.G., Solomeshch, A., Keeler-Wolf, T., Van Kley, J., Weakley, A., McKerrow, A., Burke, M., and Spurrier, C., 2015, How a national vegetation classification can help ecological research and management: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 13, no. 4, p. 185-186, https://doi.org/10.1890/15.WB.006.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"186","ipdsId":"IP-061491","costCenters":[{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38315,"text":"GAP Analysis Project","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347109,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59eefface4b0220bbd988fc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franklin, Scott","contributorId":197968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franklin","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Comer, Patrick","contributorId":191654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comer","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evens, Julie","contributorId":197969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evens","given":"Julie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ezcurra, Exequiel","contributorId":197970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ezcurra","given":"Exequiel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Faber-Langendoen, Don","contributorId":197971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faber-Langendoen","given":"Don","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Franklin, Janet","contributorId":197972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franklin","given":"Janet","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jennings, Michael","contributorId":197973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jennings","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Josse, Carmen","contributorId":197974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Josse","given":"Carmen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lea, Chris","contributorId":197975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lea","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Loucks, Orie","contributorId":197976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loucks","given":"Orie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Muldavin, Esteban","contributorId":197977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muldavin","given":"Esteban","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Peet, Robert K.","contributorId":12711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peet","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ponomarenko, Serguei","contributorId":197978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ponomarenko","given":"Serguei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Roberts, David G.","contributorId":39937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Solomeshch, 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Alexa 0000-0002-8312-2905 amckerrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8312-2905","contributorId":127753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKerrow","given":"Alexa","email":"amckerrow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Burke, Marianne","contributorId":197983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burke","given":"Marianne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Spurrier, Carol","contributorId":197984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spurrier","given":"Carol","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21}]}}
,{"id":70195882,"text":"70195882 - 2015 - Comparing activated alumina with indigenous laterite and bauxite as potential sorbents for removing fluoride from drinking water in Ghana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-07T15:07:24","indexId":"70195882","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing activated alumina with indigenous laterite and bauxite as potential sorbents for removing fluoride from drinking water in Ghana","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fluoride is considered beneficial to teeth and bones when consumed in low concentrations, but at elevated concentrations it can cause dental and skeletal fluorosis. Most fluoride-related health problems occur in poor, rural communities of the developing world where groundwater fluoride concentrations are high and the primary sources of drinking water are from community hand-pump borehole drilled wells. One solution to drinking high fluoride water is to attach a simple de-fluoridation filter to the hand-pump; and indigenous materials have been recommended as low-cost sorbents for use in these filters. In an effort to develop an effective, inexpensive, and low-maintenance de-fluoridation filter for a high fluoride region in rural northern Ghana, this study conducted batch fluoride adsorption experiments and potentiometric titrations to investigate the effectiveness of indigenous laterite and bauxite as sorbents for fluoride removal. It also determined the physical and chemical properties of each sorbent. Their properties and the experimental results, including fluoride adsorption capacity, were then compared to those of activated alumina, which has been identified as a good sorbent for removing fluoride from drinking water. The results indicate that, of the three sorbents, bauxite has the highest fluoride adsorption capacity per unit area, but is limited by a low specific surface area. When considering fluoride adsorption per unit weight, activated alumina has the highest fluoride adsorption capacity because of its high specific surface area. Activated alumina also adsorbs fluoride well in a wider pH range than bauxite, and particularly laterite. The differences in adsorption capacity are largely due to surface area, pore size, and mineralogy of the sorbent.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.004","usgsCitation":"Craig, L., Stillings, L.L., Decker, D.L., and Thomas, J.M., 2015, Comparing activated alumina with indigenous laterite and bauxite as potential sorbents for removing fluoride from drinking water in Ghana: Applied Geochemistry, v. 56, p. 50-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.004.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"66","ipdsId":"IP-081848","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ghana","volume":"56","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeebbee4b0da30c1bfc67d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craig, Laura","contributorId":173675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":27270,"text":"American Rivers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stillings, Lisa L. 0000-0002-9011-8891 stilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-8891","contributorId":193548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillings","given":"Lisa","email":"stilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Decker, David L.","contributorId":193549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Decker","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, James M.","contributorId":195094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70191691,"text":"70191691 - 2015 - Consequences of actively managing a small Bull Trout population in a fragmented landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T13:03:28","indexId":"70191691","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consequences of actively managing a small Bull Trout population in a fragmented landscape","docAbstract":"<p><span>Habitat fragmentation, which affects many native salmonid species, is one of the major factors contributing to the declines in distribution and abundance of Bull Trout&nbsp;</span><i>Salvelinus confluentus</i><span>. Increasingly, managers are considering options to maintain and enhance the persistence of isolated local populations through active management strategies. Understanding the ecological consequences of such actions is a necessary step in conservation planning. We used an individual-based model to evaluate the consequences of an ongoing management program aimed at mitigating the anthropogenic fragmentation of the lower Clark Fork River in Montana. Under this program juvenile Bull Trout are trapped and transported from small, headwater source populations to Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho, for rearing, and adults are subsequently recaptured in their upstream migration and returned to the natal population for spawning. We examined one of these populations and integrated empirical estimates of demographic parameters to simulate different management scenarios where moderate (</span><i>n</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 4) and high (</span><i>n</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 8) numbers of age-2, age-3, or age-4 Bull Trout were removed for transport with variable return rates under both demographic stochasticity and environmental perturbations. Our results indicated the risks from removal with no returns increased substantially when removal totals and age of Bull Trout removed from the simulated population increased. Specifically, removing eight age-3 or age-4 individuals resulted in 26% and 62% reductions in average adult population size, respectively, across simulations. We found the risks of transport were not likely alleviated with low (3%) or moderate (6%) return rates, and there were considerable risks of declines for the source population even when return rates were extremely high (&gt;12%). Our simulations indicated little risk of declines for the source population with removals of age-2 Bull Trout, and any risks were alleviated with low return rates. However, we found higher return rates were particularly beneficial in the presence of large, density-independent perturbations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2015.1007162","usgsCitation":"Al-Chokhachy, R.K., Moran, S., McHugh, P., Bernall, S., Fredenberg, W., and DosSantos, J.M., 2015, Consequences of actively managing a small Bull Trout population in a fragmented landscape: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 144, no. 3, p. 515-531, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2015.1007162.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"531","ipdsId":"IP-062899","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347234,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork River, Cooper Gulch","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.73248291015624,\n              47.344406158662125\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.01861572265624,\n              47.344406158662125\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.01861572265624,\n              48.367198426439465\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.73248291015624,\n              48.367198426439465\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.73248291015624,\n              47.344406158662125\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"144","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f05124e4b0220bbd9a1db1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098 ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":1674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","email":"ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Sean","contributorId":197260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moran","given":"Sean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHugh, Peter","contributorId":12313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bernall, Shana","contributorId":197261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernall","given":"Shana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fredenberg, Wade","contributorId":197262,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fredenberg","given":"Wade","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DosSantos, Joseph M.","contributorId":197263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DosSantos","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70178933,"text":"70178933 - 2015 - Hydrogeologic framework of the Santa Clara Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-13T11:57:42","indexId":"70178933","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the Santa Clara Valley, California","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">The hydrologic framework of the Santa Clara Valley in northern California was redefined on the basis of new data and a new hydrologic model. The regional groundwater flow systems can be subdivided into upper-aquifer and lower-aquifer systems that form a convergent flow system within a basin bounded by mountains and hills on three sides and discharge to pumping wells and the southern San Francisco Bay. Faults also control the flow of groundwater within the Santa Clara Valley and subdivide the aquifer system into three subregions.</p><p id=\"p-2\">After decades of development and groundwater depletion that resulted in substantial land subsidence, Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD) and the local water purveyors have refilled the basin through conservation and importation of water for direct use and artificial recharge. The natural flow system has been altered by extensive development with flow paths toward major well fields. Climate has not only affected the cycles of sedimentation during the glacial periods over the past million years, but interannual to interdecadal climate cycles also have affected the supply and demand components of the natural and anthropogenic inflows and outflows of water in the valley. Streamflow has been affected by development of the aquifer system and regulated flow from reservoirs, as well as conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water. Interaquifer flow through water-supply wells screened across multiple aquifers is an important component to the flow of groundwater and recapture of artificial recharge in the Santa Clara Valley. Wellbore flow and depth-dependent chemical and isotopic data indicate that flow into wells from multiple aquifers, as well as capture of artificial recharge by pumping of water-supply wells, predominantly is occurring in the upper 500 ft (152 m) of the aquifer system. Artificial recharge represents about one-half of the inflow of water into the valley for the period 1970–1999. Most subsidence is occurring below 250 ft (76 m), and most pumpage occurs within the upper-aquifer system between 300 and 650 ft (between 91 and 198 m) below land surface.</p><p id=\"p-3\">Overall, the natural quality of most groundwater in the Santa Clara Valley is good. Isotopic data indicate that artificial recharge is occurring throughout the shallower parts of the upper-aquifer system and that recent recharge (less than 50 yr old) occurs throughout most of the basin in the upper-aquifer system, but many of the wells in the center of the basin with deeper well screens do not contain tritium and recent recharge. Age dates indicate that the groundwater in the upper-aquifer system generally is less than 2000 yr old, and groundwater in the lower-aquifer system generally ranges from 16,700 to 39,900 yr old. Depth-dependent sampling indicates that wellbores are the main path for vertical flow between aquifer layers. Isotopic data indicate as much as 60% of water pumped from production wells originated as artificial recharge. Shallow aquifers not only contain more recent recharge but may be more susceptible to anthropogenic and natural contamination, as evidenced by trace occurrences of iron, nitrate, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in selected water-supply wells.</p><p id=\"p-4\">Water-resource management issues are centered on sustaining a reliable and good-quality source of water to the residents and industries of the valley. While the basin has been refilled, increased demand owing to growth and droughts could result in renewed storage depletion and the related potential adverse effects of land subsidence and seawater intrusion. The new hydrologic model demonstrates the importance of the aquifer layering, faults, and stream channels in relation to groundwater flow and infiltration of recharge. This model provides a means to analyze water resource issues because it separates the supply and demand components of the inflows and outflows.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01104.1","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., 2015, Hydrogeologic framework of the Santa Clara Valley, California: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 3, p. 606-637, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01104.1.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"606","endPage":"637","ipdsId":"IP-002253","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01104.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332030,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara Valley","volume":"11","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585116bce4b08138bf1abd5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70189102,"text":"70189102 - 2015 - What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T16:05:51","indexId":"70189102","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border","docAbstract":"<p><span>Large-amplitude gravity and magnetic highs over northeast Iowa are interpreted to reflect a buried intrusive complex composed of mafic–ultramafic rocks, the northeast Iowa intrusive complex (NEIIC), intruding Yavapai province (1.8–1.72 Ga) rocks. The age of the complex is unproven, although it has been considered to be Keweenawan (∼1.1 Ga). Because only four boreholes reach the complex, which is covered by 200–700 m of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, geophysical methods are critical to developing a better understanding of the nature and mineral resource potential of the NEIIC. Lithologic and cross-cutting relations interpreted from high-resolution aeromagnetic and airborne gravity gradient data are presented in the form of a preliminary geologic map of the basement Precambrian rocks. Numerous magnetic anomalies are coincident with airborne gravity gradient (AGG) highs, indicating widespread strongly magnetized and dense rocks of likely mafic–ultramafic composition. A Yavapai-age metagabbro unit is interpreted to be part of a layered intrusion with subvertical dip. Another presumed Yavapai unit has low density and weak magnetization, observations consistent with felsic plutons. Northeast-trending, linear magnetic lows are interpreted to reflect reversely magnetized diabase dikes and have properties consistent with Keweenawan rocks. The interpreted dikes are cut in places by normally magnetized mafic–ultramafic rocks, suggesting that the latter represent younger Keweenawan rocks. Distinctive horseshoe-shaped magnetic and AGG highs correspond with a known gabbro, and surround rocks with weaker magnetization and lower density. Here, informally called the Decorah complex, the source body has notable geophysical similarities to Keweenawan alkaline ring complexes, such as the Coldwell and Killala Lake complexes, and Mesoproterozoic anorogenic complexes, such as the Kiglapait, Hettasch, and Voisey’s Bay intrusions in Labrador. Results presented here suggest that much of the NEIIC is composed of such complexes, and broadly speaking, may be a discontinuous group of several intrusive bodies. Most units are cut by suspected northwest-trending faults imaged as magnetic lineaments, and one produces apparent sinistral fault separation of a dike in the eastern part of the survey area. The location, trend, and apparent sinistral sense of motion are consistent with the suspected faults being part of the Belle Plaine fault zone, a complex transform fault zone within the Midcontinent rift system that is here proposed to correspond with a major structural discontinuity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjes-2014-0178","usgsCitation":"Drenth, B.J., Anderson, R.R., Schulz, K.J., Feinberg, J.M., Chandler, V.W., and Cannon, W.F., 2015, What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 52, no. 5, p. 279-293, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2014-0178.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"293","ipdsId":"IP-060373","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343183,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota","volume":"52","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611bae4b0d1f9f0506774","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Raymond R.","contributorId":194009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schulz, Klaus J. 0000-0003-2967-4765 kschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2967-4765","contributorId":2438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Klaus","email":"kschulz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feinberg, Joshua M.","contributorId":194010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feinberg","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chandler, Val W.","contributorId":194011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandler","given":"Val","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159464,"text":"70159464 - 2015 - Geospatial association between adverse birth outcomes and arsenic in groundwater in New Hampshire, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T16:05:08","indexId":"70159464","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geospatial association between adverse birth outcomes and arsenic in groundwater in New Hampshire, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>There is increasing evidence of the role of arsenic in the etiology of adverse human reproductive outcomes. Because drinking water can be a major source of arsenic to pregnant women, the effect of arsenic exposure through drinking water on human birth may be revealed by a geospatial association between arsenic concentration in groundwater and birth problems, particularly in a region where private wells substantially account for water supply, like New Hampshire, USA. We calculated town-level rates of preterm birth and term low birth weight (term LBW) for New Hampshire, by&nbsp;using data for 1997&ndash;2009 stratified by maternal age. We smoothed the rates by&nbsp;using a locally weighted averaging method to increase the statistical stability. The town-level groundwater arsenic probability&nbsp;values are from three GIS data layers generated by the US Geological Survey: probability of local groundwater arsenic concentration &gt;1&nbsp;&micro;g/L, probability &gt;5&nbsp;&micro;g/L, and probability &gt;10&nbsp;&micro;g/L. We calculated Pearson&rsquo;s correlation coefficients (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>) between the reproductive outcomes (preterm birth and term LBW) and the arsenic probability&nbsp;values, at both state and county levels. For preterm birth, younger mothers (maternal age &lt;20) have a statewide</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.70 between the rates smoothed with a threshold&nbsp;=&nbsp;2,000 births and the town mean arsenic level based on the data of probability &gt;10&nbsp;&micro;g/L; for older mothers,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.19 when the smoothing threshold&nbsp;=&nbsp;3,500; a majority of county level&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;values are positive based on the arsenic data of probability &gt;10&nbsp;&micro;g/L. For term LBW, younger mothers (maternal age &lt;25) have a statewide&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.44 between the rates smoothed with a threshold&nbsp;=&nbsp;3,500 and town minimum arsenic concentration based on the data of probability &gt;1&nbsp;&micro;g/L; for older mothers,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.14 when the rates are smoothed with a threshold&nbsp;=&nbsp;1,000 births and also adjusted by town median household income in 1999, and the arsenic values are the town minimum based on probability &gt;10&nbsp;&micro;g/L. At the county level for younger mothers, positive&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;values prevail, but for older mothers, it is a mix. For both birth problems, the several most populous counties&mdash;with 60&ndash;80% of the state&rsquo;s population and clustering at the southwest corner of the state&mdash;are largely consistent in having a positive&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;across different smoothing thresholds. We found evident spatial associations between the two adverse human reproductive outcomes and groundwater arsenic in New Hampshire, USA. However, the degree of associations and their sensitivity to different representations of arsenic level are variable. Generally, preterm birth has a stronger spatial association with groundwater arsenic than term LBW, suggesting an inconsistency in the impact of arsenic on the two reproductive outcomes. For both outcomes, younger maternal age has stronger spatial associations with groundwater arsenic.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s10653-014-9651-2","usgsCitation":"Shi, X., Ayotte, J.D., Onda, A., Miller, S., Rees, J., Gilbert-Diamond, D., Onega, T.L., Gui, J., Karagas, M.R., and Moeschler, J.B., 2015, Geospatial association between adverse birth outcomes and arsenic in groundwater in New Hampshire, USA: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 37, no. 2, p. 333-351, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-014-9651-2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"351","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045872","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository 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Dartmouth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gilbert-Diamond, Diane","contributorId":149621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilbert-Diamond","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17771,"text":"The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Onega, Tracy L","contributorId":149625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Onega","given":"Tracy","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":16179,"text":"Dartmouth College, Hanover NH","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gui, Jiang","contributorId":149637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gui","given":"Jiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Karagas, Margaret R.","contributorId":53247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karagas","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Moeschler, John B","contributorId":149626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moeschler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":16179,"text":"Dartmouth College, Hanover NH","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70147328,"text":"70147328 - 2015 - Genes indicative of zoonotic and swine pathogens are persistent in stream water and sediment following a swine manure spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-12T17:11:13","indexId":"70147328","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genes indicative of zoonotic and swine pathogens are persistent in stream water and sediment following a swine manure spill","docAbstract":"<p><span>Manure spills to streams are relatively frequent, but no studies have characterized stream contamination with zoonotic and veterinary pathogens, or fecal chemicals, following a spill. We tested stream water and sediment over 25 days and downstream for 7.6 km for: fecal indicator bacteria (FIB); the fecal indicator chemicals cholesterol and coprostanol; 20 genes for zoonotic and swine-specific bacterial pathogens by presence/absence polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for viable cells; one swine-specific <i>Escherichia coli</i></span><span>&nbsp;toxin gene (</span>STII<span>) by quantitative PCR (qPCR); and nine human and animal viruses by qPCR, or reverse-transcriptase qPCR. Twelve days post-spill, and 4.2 km downstream, water concentrations of FIB, cholesterol, and coprostanol were 1-2 orders of magnitude greater than those detected before, or above, the spill, and genes indicating viable zoonotic or swine-infectious&nbsp;</span><i>Escherichia coli</i><span>, were detected in water or sediment.&nbsp;</span>STII<span>&nbsp;increased from undetectable before, or above the spill, to 10</span><sup>5</sup><span>&nbsp;copies/100 mL water 12 days post-spill. Thirteen of 14 water (8/9 sediment) samples had viable&nbsp;</span>STII<span>-carrying cells post-spill. Eighteen days post-spill porcine adenovirus and teschovirus were detected 5.6 km downstream. Sediment FIB concentrations (per gram wet weight) were greater than in water, and sediment was a continuous reservoir of genes and chemicals post-spill. Constituent concentrations were much lower, and detections less frequent, in a runoff event (200 days post-spill) following manure application, although the swine-associated&nbsp;</span>STII<span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>stx</i><sub>2e</sub><span>&nbsp;genes were detected. Manure spills are an underappreciated pathway for livestock-derived contaminants to enter streams, with persistent environmental outcomes, and the potential for human and veterinary health consequences.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.04195-14","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., Duris, J.W., Kolpin, D.W., Fogarty, L.R., Johnson, H., Gibson, K.E., Focazio, M.J., Schwab, K.J., Hubbard, L.E., and Foreman, W., 2015, Genes indicative of zoonotic and swine pathogens are persistent in stream water and sediment following a swine manure spill: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 81, no. 10, p. 3430-3441, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.04195-14.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3430","endPage":"3441","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059122","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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J.","contributorId":140470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwab","given":"Kellogg","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13508,"text":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public health","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hubbard, Laura E. 0000-0003-3813-1500 lhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3813-1500","contributorId":4221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Laura","email":"lhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Foreman, William T. wforeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":139099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"William T.","email":"wforeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science 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,{"id":70173511,"text":"70173511 - 2015 - Migratory Patterns of Chinook Salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i> Returning to a Large, Free-flowing River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-16T15:54:31","indexId":"70173511","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migratory Patterns of Chinook Salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i> Returning to a Large, Free-flowing River Basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Upriver movements were determined for Chinook salmon&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>&nbsp;returning to the Yukon River, a large, virtually pristine river basin. These returns have declined dramatically since the late 1990s, and information is needed to better manage the run and facilitate conservation efforts. A total of 2,860 fish were radio tagged during 2002&ndash;2004. Most (97.5%) of the fish tracked upriver to spawning areas displayed continual upriver movements and strong fidelity to the terminal tributaries entered. Movement rates were substantially slower for fish spawning in lower river tributaries (28&ndash;40 km d</span><sup><span>-1</span></sup><span>) compared to upper basin stocks (52&ndash;62 km d</span><sup><span>-1</span></sup><span>). Three distinct migratory patterns were observed, including a gradual decline, pronounced decline, and substantial increase in movement rate as the fish moved upriver. Stocks destined for the same region exhibited similar migratory patterns. Individual fish within a stock showed substantial variation, but tended to reflect the regional pattern. Differences between consistently faster and slower fish explained 74% of the within-stock variation, whereas relative shifts in sequential movement rates between &ldquo;hares&rdquo; (faster fish becoming slower) and &ldquo;tortoises&rdquo; (slow but steady fish) explained 22% of the variation. Pulses of fish moving upriver were not cohesive. Fish tagged over a 4-day period took 16 days to pass a site 872 km upriver. Movement rates were substantially faster and the percentage of atypical movements considerably less than reported in more southerly drainages, but may reflect the pristine conditions within the Yukon River, wild origins of the fish, and discrete run timing of the returns. Movement data can provide numerous insights into the status and management of salmon returns, particularly in large river drainages with widely scattered fisheries where management actions in the lower river potentially impact harvests and escapement farther upstream. However, the substantial variation exhibited among individual fish within a stock can complicate these efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0123127","usgsCitation":"Eiler, J.H., Evans, A., and Schreck, C.B., 2015, Migratory Patterns of Chinook Salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i> Returning to a Large, Free-flowing River Basin: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123127.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057144","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123127","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323798,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon Territory","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -161.89453125,\n              59.84481485969105\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.76171875,\n              62.12443624549497\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8955078125,\n              66.31986144668052\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.1923828125,\n              67.97463396204759\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.205078125,\n              69.67235784229395\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.8330078125,\n              69.59589006237648\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.58203125,\n              67.60922060496382\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.724609375,\n              66.42553717157787\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.79296875,\n              65.56754970214311\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.826171875,\n              65.5129625532949\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.51953124999999,\n              63.52897054110277\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.541015625,\n              61.01572481397616\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.4091796875,\n              58.92733441827545\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.396484375,\n              59.17592824927136\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.912109375,\n              60.4788788301667\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              61.10078883158897\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.2939453125,\n              63.450509218001095\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.89453125,\n              59.84481485969105\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5763cdb7e4b07657d19ba785","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eiler, John H.","contributorId":146952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, Allison N.","contributorId":64088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Allison N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70146975,"text":"70146975 - 2015 - Spatial structure of morphological and neutral genetic variation in Brook Trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-24T13:12:20","indexId":"70146975","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-24T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial structure of morphological and neutral genetic variation in Brook Trout","docAbstract":"<p><span>Brook Trout&nbsp;</span><i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i><span>&nbsp;exhibit exceptional levels of life history variation, remarkable genetic variability, and fine-scale population structure. In many cases, neighboring populations may be highly differentiated from one another to an extent that is comparable with species-level distinctions in other taxa. Although genetic samples have been collected from hundreds of populations and tens of thousands of individuals, little is known about whether differentiation at neutral markers reflects phenotypic differences among Brook Trout populations. We compared differentiation in morphology and neutral molecular markers among populations from four geographically proximate locations (all within 24&nbsp;km) to examine how genetic diversity covaries with morphology. We found significant differences among and/or within streams for all three morphological axes examined and identified the source stream of many individuals based on morphology (52.3% classification efficiency). Although molecular and morphological differentiation among streams ranged considerably (mean pairwise&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><sub>ST</sub><span>: 0.023&ndash;0.264; pairwise&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><sub>ST</sub><span>: 0.000&ndash;0.339), the two measures were not significantly correlated. While in some cases morphological characters appear to have diverged to a greater extent than expected by neutral genetic drift, many traits were conserved to a greater extent than were neutral genetic markers. Thus, while Brook Trout exhibit fine-scale spatial patterns in both morphology and neutral genetic diversity, these types of biological variabilities are being structured by different ecological and evolutionary processes. The relative influences of genetic drift versus selection and phenotypic plasticity in shaping morphology appear to vary among populations occupying nearby streams.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2015.1012300","usgsCitation":"Kazyak, D.C., Hilderbrand, R.H., Keller, S.R., Colaw, M.C., Holloway, A.E., Morgan, R.P., and King, T.L., 2015, Spatial structure of morphological and neutral genetic variation in Brook Trout: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 144, no. 3, p. 480-490, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2015.1012300.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"480","endPage":"490","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055594","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Garrett County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.9532470703125,\n              39.72303232864369\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47647094726562,\n              39.720919782725545\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.48745727539061,\n              39.20352640482464\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47097778320312,\n              39.198205348894795\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.44900512695312,\n              39.20565471434283\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.420166015625,\n              39.222678868789686\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.41192626953125,\n              39.24182610848299\n            ],\n            [\n 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hilderbrand, Robert H.","contributorId":140410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilderbrand","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13480,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Appalachian Laboratory, 301 Braddock Road, Frostburg, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keller, Stephen R.","contributorId":140411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keller","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13480,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Appalachian Laboratory, 301 Braddock Road, Frostburg, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Colaw, Mark C.","contributorId":140412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colaw","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13481,"text":"Department of Biology, Frostburg State University, 101 Braddock Road, Frostburg, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holloway, Amanda E.","contributorId":140413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holloway","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13482,"text":"Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morgan, Raymond P. III","contributorId":140414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"Raymond","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13483,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Appalachian Laboratory,301 Braddock Road, Frostburg, Maryland 21532","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"King, Tim L. tlking@usgs.gov","contributorId":3520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim","email":"tlking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70146900,"text":"70146900 - 2015 - TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of <i>Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola</i>, the fungus associated with snake fungal disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-03T10:53:38","indexId":"70146900","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-23T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":959,"text":"BMC Veterinary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of <i>Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola</i>, the fungus associated with snake fungal disease","docAbstract":"<div class=\"collapsible-content\">\n<h4>Background</h4>\n<p>Fungal skin infections associated with&nbsp;<i>Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola</i>, a member of the&nbsp;<i>Chrysosporium</i>anamorph of&nbsp;<i>Nannizziopsis vriesii</i>&nbsp;(CANV) complex, have been linked to an increasing number of cases of snake fungal disease (SFD) in captive snakes around the world and in wild snake populations in eastern North America. The emergence of SFD in both captive and wild situations has led to an increased need for tools to better diagnose and study the disease.</p>\n<h4>Results</h4>\n<p>We developed two TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to rapidly detect&nbsp;<i>O. ophiodiicola</i>&nbsp;in clinical samples. One assay targets the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the fungal genome while the other targets the more variable intergenic spacer region (IGS). The PCR assays were qualified using skin samples collected from 50 snakes for which&nbsp;<i>O. ophiodiicola</i>had been previously detected by culture, 20 snakes with gross skin lesions suggestive of SFD but which were culture-negative for&nbsp;<i>O. ophiodiicola</i>, and 16 snakes with no clinical signs of infection. Both assays performed equivalently and proved to be more sensitive than traditional culture methods, detecting&nbsp;<i>O. ophiodiicola</i>&nbsp;in 98% of the culture-positive samples and in 40% of the culture-negative snakes that had clinical signs of SFD. In addition, the assays did not cross-react with a panel of 28 fungal species that are closely related to&nbsp;<i>O. ophiodiicola</i>&nbsp;or that commonly occur on the skin of snakes. The assays did, however, indicate that some asymptomatic snakes (~6%) may harbor low levels of the fungus, and that PCR should be paired with histology when a definitive diagnosis is required.</p>\n<h4>Conclusions</h4>\n<p>These assays represent the first published methods to detect&nbsp;<i>O. ophiodiicola</i>&nbsp;by real-time PCR. The ITS assay has great utility for assisting with SFD diagnoses whereas the IGS assay offers a valuable tool for research-based applications.</p>\n</div>\n<h5 class=\"inline\">Keywords:&nbsp;</h5>\n<p><span id=\"keywords\">Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii (CANV); Emerging disease; Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola ; Real-time PCR; Snake fungal disease</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central Ltd.","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1186/s12917-015-0407-8","usgsCitation":"Bohuski, E.A., Lorch, J.M., Griffin, K.M., and Blehert, D.S., 2015, TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of <i>Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola</i>, the fungus associated with snake fungal disease: BMC Veterinary Research, v. 11, no. 95, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0407-8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059616","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0407-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299852,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"95","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553a09d3e4b0c1efddaed147","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohuski, Elizabeth A. 0000-0001-8061-2151 ebohuski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8061-2151","contributorId":5890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohuski","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ebohuski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorch, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2239-1252 jlorch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2239-1252","contributorId":5565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorch","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlorch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffin, Kathryn M. 0000-0003-1809-0019 kgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1809-0019","contributorId":5473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffin","given":"Kathryn","email":"kgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blehert, David S. 0000-0002-1065-9760 dblehert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-9760","contributorId":140392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blehert","given":"David","email":"dblehert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70146899,"text":"70146899 - 2015 - Avian botulism type E in waterbirds of Lake Michigan, 2010–2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T11:32:00","indexId":"70146899","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-23T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian botulism type E in waterbirds of Lake Michigan, 2010–2013","docAbstract":"<p><span>During 2010 to 2013, waterbird mortality surveillance programs used a shared protocol for shoreline walking surveys performed June to November at three areas in northern Lake Michigan. In 2010 and 2012, 1244 total carcasses (0.8 dead bird/km walked) and 2399 total carcasses (1.2 dead birds/km walked), respectively, were detected. Fewer carcasses were detected in 2011 (353 total carcasses, 0.2 dead bird/km walked) and 2013 (451 total carcasses, 0.3 dead bird/km walked). During 3&nbsp;years, peak detection of carcasses occurred in October and involved primarily migratory diving and fish-eating birds, including long-tailed ducks (</span><i>Clangula hyemalis</i><span>; 2010), common loons (</span><i>Gavia immer</i><span>; 2012), and red-breasted mergansers (</span><i>Mergus serrator</i><span>; 2013). In 2011, peak detection of carcasses occurred in August and consisted primarily of summer residents such as gulls (</span><i>Larus</i><span>&nbsp;spp.) and double-crested cormorants (</span><i>Phalacrocorax auritus</i><span>). A subset of fresh carcasses was collected throughout each year of the study and tested for botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E). Sixty-one percent of carcasses (57/94) and 10 of 11 species collected throughout the sampling season tested positive for BoNT/E, suggesting avian botulism type E was a major cause of death for both resident and migratory birds in Lake Michigan. The variety of avian species affected by botulism type E throughout the summer and fall during all 4&nbsp;years of coordinated surveillance also suggests multiple routes for bird exposure to BoNT/E in Lake Michigan.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.021","usgsCitation":"Chipault, J.G., White, C.L., Blehert, D.S., Jennings, S.K., and Strom, S.M., 2015, Avian botulism type E in waterbirds of Lake Michigan, 2010–2013: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 2, p. 659-664, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.021.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"659","endPage":"664","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-055925","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438705,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7GX48NM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Avian botulism type E in waterbirds of Lake Michigan, 2010-2013"},{"id":299851,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.73181152343749,\n              45.023067895446175\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.099853515625,\n              44.71161010858431\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.24267578125,\n              44.74673324024678\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.9075927734375,\n              45.058001435398296\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.73181152343749,\n              45.023067895446175\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.8798828125,\n              45.298075138707965\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.4896240234375,\n              44.308126684886126\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.1597900390625,\n              44.59829048984011\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.3907470703125,\n              45.460130637921004\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8798828125,\n              45.298075138707965\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.4132080078125,\n              46.13417004624326\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.3802490234375,\n              45.98551218814564\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.1053466796875,\n              45.863237552964364\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.1932373046875,\n              46.0007775685566\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.4132080078125,\n              46.13417004624326\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553a09a9e4b0c1efddaed12f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chipault, Jennifer G. 0000-0002-1368-622X jchipault@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1368-622X","contributorId":4765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipault","given":"Jennifer","email":"jchipault@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, C. 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,{"id":70146872,"text":"70146872 - 2015 - Modeling tidal freshwater marsh sustainability in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta under a broad suite of potential future scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-05T12:55:45","indexId":"70146872","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-23T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling tidal freshwater marsh sustainability in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta under a broad suite of potential future scenarios","docAbstract":"<p>In this paper, we report on the adaptation and application of a one-dimensional marsh surface elevation model, the Wetland Accretion Rate Model of Ecosystem Resilience (WARMER), to explore the conditions that lead to sustainable tidal freshwater marshes in the Sacramento&ndash;San Joaquin Delta. We defined marsh accretion parameters to encapsulate the range of observed values over historic and modern time-scales based on measurements from four marshes in high and low energy fluvial environments as well as possible future trends in sediment supply and mean sea level. A sensitivity analysis of 450 simulations was conducted encompassing a range of eScholarship provides open access, scholarly publishing services to the University of California and delivers a dynamic research platform to scholars worldwide. porosity values, initial elevations, organic and inorganic matter accumulation rates, and sea-level rise rates. For the range of inputs considered, the magnitude of SLR over the next century was the primary driver of marsh surface elevation change. Sediment supply was the secondary control. More than 84% of the scenarios resulted in sustainable marshes with 88 cm of SLR by 2100, but only 32% and 11% of the scenarios resulted in surviving marshes when SLR was increased to 133 cm and 179 cm, respectively. Marshes situated in high-energy zones were marginally more resilient than those in low-energy zones because of their higher inorganic sediment supply. Overall, the results from this modeling exercise suggest that marshes at the upstream reaches of the Delta&mdash;where SLR may be attenuated&mdash;and high energy marshes along major channels with high inorganic sediment accumulation rates will be more resilient to global SLR in excess of 88 cm over the next century than their downstream and low-energy counterparts. However, considerable uncertainties exist in the projected rates of sea-level rise and sediment avail-ability. In addition, more research is needed to constrain future rates of aboveground and belowground plant productivity under increased CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations and flooding.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"John Muir Institute of the Environment","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","doi":"10.15447/sfews.2015v13iss1art3","usgsCitation":"Swanson, K.M., Drexler, J., Fuller, C.C., and Schoellhamer, D., 2015, Modeling tidal freshwater marsh sustainability in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta under a broad suite of potential future scenarios: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 13, no. 1, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2015v13iss1art3.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042916","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2015v13iss1art3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacremento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.135009765625,\n              37.59682400108367\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.135009765625,\n              38.601846852838094\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.08581542968751,\n              38.601846852838094\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.08581542968751,\n              37.59682400108367\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.135009765625,\n              37.59682400108367\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553a09c7e4b0c1efddaed13d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Kathleen M. kathswan@usgs.gov","contributorId":3757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Kathleen","email":"kathswan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":34319,"text":"Mission-Aransas National Estuarine Research Reserve, Port Aransas, TX, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":1659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith Z.","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70154844,"text":"70154844 - 2015 - Translocation of Humpback Chub into tributary streams of the Colorado River: Implications for conservation of large-river fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T14:27:58","indexId":"70154844","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Translocation of Humpback Chub into tributary streams of the Colorado River: Implications for conservation of large-river fishes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Humpback Chub&nbsp;</span><i>Gila cypha</i><span>, a large-bodied, endangered cyprinid endemic to the Colorado River basin, is in decline throughout most of its range due largely to anthropogenic factors. Translocation of Humpback Chub into tributaries of the Colorado River is one conservation activity that may contribute to the expansion of the species&rsquo; current range and eventually provide population redundancy. We evaluated growth, survival, and dispersal following translocation of approximately 900 Humpback Chub over a period of 3&nbsp;years (2009, 2010, and 2011) into Shinumo Creek, a tributary stream of the Colorado River within Grand Canyon National Park. Growth and condition of Humpback Chub in Shinumo Creek were consistent among year-classes and equaled or surpassed growth estimates from both the main-stem Colorado River and the Little Colorado River, where the largest (and most stable) Humpback Chub aggregation remains. Based on passive integrated tag recoveries, 53% ( = 483/902) of translocated Humpback Chub dispersed from Shinumo Creek into the main-stem Colorado River as of January 2013, 35% leaving within 25 d following translocation. Annual apparent survival estimates within Shinumo Creek ranged from 0.22 to 0.41, but were strongly influenced by emigration. Results indicate that Shinumo Creek provides favorable conditions for growth and survival of translocated Humpback Chub and could support a new population if reproduction and recruitment occur in the future. Adaptation of translocation strategies of Humpback Chub into tributary streams ultimately may refine the role translocation plays in recovery of the species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2015.1007165","usgsCitation":"Spurgeon, J., Paukert, C.P., Healy, B., Trammell, M., Speas, D., and Smith, E.O., 2015, Translocation of Humpback Chub into tributary streams of the Colorado River: Implications for conservation of large-river fishes: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 144, no. 3, p. 502-514, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2015.1007165.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"502","endPage":"514","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038252","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306557,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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