{"pageNumber":"1383","pageRowStart":"34550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40893,"records":[{"id":70006695,"text":"70006695 - 1992 - Influence of disease on a population model of mid-continent mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-13T12:06:17.829744","indexId":"70006695","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T15:50:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Influence of disease on a population model of mid-continent mallards","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the 57th North American Wildlife & Natural Resources Conference","conferenceTitle":"57th North American Wildlife & Natural Resources Conference","conferenceDate":"March 27 -April 1, 1992","conferenceLocation":"Charlotte, North Carolina, United States","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Management Institute","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Samuel, M.D., 1992, Influence of disease on a population model of mid-continent mallards, in Transactions of the 57th North American Wildlife & Natural Resources Conference, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States, March 27 -April 1, 1992, p. 486-498.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"486","endPage":"498","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289266,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":412966,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildlifemanagement.institute/store/product/46"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.86497402780716,\n 48.895205762965446\n ],\n [\n -112.47877923124202,\n 47.06722642789131\n ],\n [\n -109.58378750930677,\n 46.76689904931095\n ],\n [\n -106.88489371027828,\n 44.026932237921756\n ],\n [\n -104.93294150291842,\n 41.65507965662559\n ],\n [\n -105.19173087297912,\n 38.23852239171018\n ],\n [\n -104.96767373064327,\n 36.946447510255894\n ],\n [\n -105.95220334049418,\n 32.55939290543924\n ],\n [\n -106.14173325735723,\n 31.500635091273764\n ],\n [\n -104.9786131882374,\n 30.446265725692356\n ],\n [\n -104.74545516865257,\n 29.683669344089978\n ],\n [\n -103.21326488308159,\n 28.912863665967194\n ],\n [\n -102.75537879722222,\n 29.26929138905625\n ],\n [\n -102.45076604859588,\n 29.618998598115923\n ],\n [\n -101.63863641940691,\n 29.631071681639767\n ],\n [\n -100.74961546030943,\n 29.01792897214567\n ],\n [\n -100.48133342750344,\n 28.221735202592797\n ],\n [\n -99.79568813606778,\n 27.553891018407782\n ],\n [\n -99.04370801048228,\n 26.124449498562925\n ],\n [\n -97.79245337473236,\n 25.90849111059822\n ],\n [\n -97.41336279592139,\n 25.78523771170724\n ],\n [\n -97.10660648963463,\n 25.915904840457145\n ],\n [\n -97.24364405986421,\n 26.92277582028916\n ],\n [\n -96.60491414816659,\n 28.055962531732206\n ],\n [\n -94.73914212168341,\n 29.06429034841844\n ],\n [\n -93.52393579607406,\n 29.601357512763443\n ],\n [\n -90.03946519600709,\n 28.773652835879446\n ],\n [\n -88.4927468598899,\n 30.136377088217657\n ],\n [\n -86.3199507037969,\n 30.052897868140377\n ],\n [\n -84.6165202706722,\n 33.73495685836468\n ],\n [\n -82.38448306523117,\n 36.197764969770816\n ],\n [\n -80.83109476016423,\n 39.90837140447863\n ],\n [\n -81.3117046368825,\n 41.84956071536715\n ],\n [\n -82.69550552759279,\n 42.025096660209044\n ],\n [\n -82.23622863229622,\n 43.47840578056619\n ],\n [\n -83.08162748030509,\n 45.55883796955928\n ],\n [\n -85.75843887965499,\n 47.12147411554872\n ],\n [\n -88.61611306901796,\n 48.323998500219346\n ],\n [\n -89.73076613240619,\n 48.26346339015012\n ],\n [\n -93.57731038930345,\n 48.9824688008874\n ],\n [\n -95.21126657095147,\n 49.62357140053791\n ],\n [\n -95.28820066581119,\n 49.04484498132041\n ],\n [\n -113.86497402780716,\n 48.895205762965446\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b286f1e4b07b8813a554ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70127046,"text":"70127046 - 1992 - Assessment of habitat of wildlife communities on the Snake River, Jackson, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-25T13:56:30","indexId":"70127046","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T13:50:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Assessment of habitat of wildlife communities on the Snake River, Jackson, Wyoming","docAbstract":"The composition of the wildlife community in western riparian habitats is influenced by the horizontal and vertical distribution of vegetation, the physical complexity of the channel, and barriers to movement along the corridor. Based on information from the literature and a workshop, a model was developed to evaluate the wildlife community along the Snake River near Jackson, Wyoming. The model compares conditions of the current or future years with conditions in 1956, before constructions of levees along the river. Conditions in 1956 are assumed to approximate the desirable distribution of plant cover types and the associated wildlife community and are used as a standard of comparison in the model. The model may be applied with remotely sensed data and is compatible with a geographic information systems analysis. In addition to comparing existing or future conditions with conditions in 1956, the model evaluated floodplain and channel complexity and assesses anthropogenic disturbance and its potential effect on the quality of wildlife habitat and movements of wildlife in the riparian corridor.","largerWorkTitle":"Fish and Wildlife Service Resource Publication 190","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, R.L., and Allen, A.W., 1992, Assessment of habitat of wildlife communities on the Snake River, Jackson, Wyoming, 21 p.","productDescription":"21 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294542,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Jackson","otherGeospatial":"Snake River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.8135,43.4578 ], [ -110.8135,43.4912 ], [ -110.7377,43.4912 ], [ -110.7377,43.4578 ], [ -110.8135,43.4578 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252ea0e4b0e641df8a6ea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Richard L.","contributorId":10368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Arthur W.","contributorId":40648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70200572,"text":"70200572 - 1992 - Partially melted granodiorite and related rocks ejected from Crater Lake caldera, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-03T15:47:36.210486","indexId":"70200572","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T12:08:04","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Partially melted granodiorite and related rocks ejected from Crater Lake caldera, Oregon","docAbstract":"Blocks of medium-grained granodiorite to 4 m, and minor diabase, quartz diorite, granite, aplite and granophyre, are common in ejecta of the ∼6,900 yr BP caldera-forming eruption of Mount Mazama. The blocks show degrees of melting from 0–50 vol%. Because very few have adhering juvenile magma, it is thought that the blocks are fragments of the Holocene magma chamber’s walls. Primary crystallisation of granodiorite produced phenocrystic pl + hyp + aug + mt + il + ap + zc, followed by qz + hb + bt + alkali feldspar (af). Presence of fluid inclusions in all samples implies complete crystallisation before melting. Subsolidus exchange with meteoric hydrothermal fluids before melting is evident in δ18O values of −3.4–+4.9‰ for quartz and plagioclase in partially melted granodiorites (fresh lavas from the region have δ18O values of +5.8–+7.0‰); δ18O values of unmelted granodiorites from preclimatic eruptive units suggest hydrothermal exchange began between ∼70 and 24 ka. Before eruption, the granitic rocks equilibrated at temperatures, estimated from Fe–Ti oxide compositions, of up to ∼1000°C for c. 102–104 years at a minimum pressure of 100–180 MPa. Heating caused progressive breakdown or dissolution of hb, af, bt, and qz, so that samples with the highest melt fractions have residual pl + qz and new or re-equilibrated af + hyp + aug + mt + il in high-silica rhyolitic glass (75–77% SiO2). Mineral compositions vary systematically with increasing temperature. Hornblende is absent in rocks with Fe–Ti oxide temperatures >870°C, and bt above 970°C. Oxygen isotope fractionation between qz, pl, and glass in partially fused granodiorite also is consistent with equilibration at T≥900°C (Δ18Oqz-pl = +0.7±0.5‰). Element partitioning between glass and crystals reflects the large fraction of refractory pl, re-equilibration of af and isolation or incomplete dissolution of accessory phases. Ba and REE contents of analysed glass separates can be successfully modelled by observed degrees of partial melting of granodiorite, but Rb, Sr and Sc concentrations cannot. Several samples have veins of microlite-free glass 1–5 mm thick that are compositionally and physically continuous with intergranular melt and which apparently formed after the climactic eruption began. Whole-rock H2O content, microprobe glass analysis sums near 100% and evidence for high temperature suggest liquids in the hotter samples were nearly anhydrous. The occurrence of similar granodiorite blocks at all azimuths around the 8 × 10 km caldera implies derivation from one pluton. Compositional similarity between granodiorite and pre-Mazama rhyodacites suggests that the pluton may have crystallised as recently as 0.4 Ma; compositional data preclude crystallisation from the Holocene chamber. The history of crystallisation, hydrothermal alteration, and remelting of the granitic rocks may be characteristic of shallow igneous systems in which the balance between hydrothermal cooling and magmatic input changes repeatedly over intervals of 104–106 years.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The second Hutton symposium on the origin of granites and related rocks","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/SPE272-p27","isbn":"9780813722726","usgsCitation":"Bacon, C.R., 1992, Partially melted granodiorite and related rocks ejected from Crater Lake caldera, Oregon, chap. of The second Hutton symposium on the origin of granites and related rocks, v. 272, p. 27-47, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE272-p27.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"47","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Crater Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.200927734375,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -122.02239990234375,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -122.02239990234375,\n 42.99862111927107\n ],\n [\n -122.200927734375,\n 42.99862111927107\n ],\n [\n -122.200927734375,\n 42.89206418807337\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"272","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c111ffae4b034bf6a81b683","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70243293,"text":"70243293 - 1992 - Source region of a granite batholith: evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-05T17:15:17.324909","indexId":"70243293","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T12:00:32","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5614,"text":"Special Papers of the Geological Society of America","printIssn":"0072-1077","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"Source region of a granite batholith: evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals","docAbstract":"Like many granites, the Late Cretaceous intrusives of the eastern Mojave Desert, California, have heretofore provided useful but poorly focused images of their source regions. New studies of lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals are sharpening these images.
Xenoliths in Tertiary dykes in this region are the residues of an extensive partial melting event. Great diversity in their composition reflects initial heterogeneity (both igneous and sedimentary protoliths) and varying amounts of melt extraction (from <10% to >70%). Mineral assemblages and thermobarometry suggest that the melting event occurred at T≥750°C at a depth of about 40 km. Present-day Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic ratios indicate a Mojave Proterozoic heritage, but unrealistic model ages demonstrate the late Phanerozoic adjustment of parent/daughter ratios. A link between these xenoliths and the Late Cretaceous granites, though not fully documented, is probable; in any case, they provide invaluable clues concerning a crustal melting event, recording information about nature of source material (heterogeneous, supracrustal-rich), conditions of melting (moderately deep, moderately high T, accompanied by partial dehydration), and melt extraction (highly variable, locally extensive).
The Old Woman-Piute granites contain a large fraction of inherited zircon and monazite. A SHRIMP ion probe investigation shows that these zircons record a Proterozoic history similar to that which affected the Mojave region. Zonation patterns in zircons, and to a lesser extent monazites and xenotimes, document multiple phases of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary growth and degradation, commonly several in a single grain. Low Y in portions of the cores of inherited zircons and monazites and in monazites and outer portions of zircons from the xenoliths appear to indicate growth in equilibrium with abundant garnet.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Second Hutton Symposium on the Origin of Granites and Related Rocks","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2nd Hutton Symposium on the Origin of Granites and Related Rocks","conferenceDate":"September 23-28, 1991","conferenceLocation":"Canberra, Capital Territory, Australia","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/SPE272-p49","usgsCitation":"Miller, C., Hanchar, J.M., Wooden, J., Bennett, V.C., Harrison, T.M., Wark, D.A., and Foster, D.A., 1992, Source region of a granite batholith: evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals, chap. of The Second Hutton Symposium on the Origin of Granites and Related Rocks: Special Papers of the Geological Society of America, v. 272, p. 49-62, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE272-p49.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"62","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416781,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.12866834512783,\n 34.25940680643025\n ],\n [\n -114.12866834512783,\n 34.295858248532596\n ],\n [\n -114.16726729156471,\n 34.3550581185811\n ],\n [\n -114.2224086436172,\n 34.36871369472111\n ],\n [\n -114.32166307731154,\n 34.45969397526906\n ],\n [\n -114.37680442936403,\n 34.450600401684284\n ],\n [\n -114.37680442936403,\n 34.54149155828007\n ],\n [\n -114.40988924059559,\n 34.58236024109114\n ],\n [\n -114.42091751100622,\n 34.63228357361474\n ],\n [\n -114.44848818703247,\n 34.65950182776065\n ],\n [\n -114.46503059264808,\n 34.71391152277205\n ],\n [\n -114.54774262072681,\n 34.76828544545407\n ],\n [\n -114.57531329675338,\n 34.840728319272316\n ],\n [\n -114.62494051360055,\n 34.87240204932961\n ],\n [\n -114.64148291921616,\n 35.017040835777436\n ],\n [\n -115.97038950368182,\n 36.05800634981712\n ],\n [\n -116.05310153176053,\n 35.85715232186607\n ],\n [\n -116.29572348079174,\n 36.053548478078625\n ],\n [\n -116.3894637792811,\n 35.799032791250355\n ],\n [\n -116.7147977563907,\n 36.0446319770962\n ],\n [\n -117.00153278706378,\n 35.812448768241765\n ],\n [\n -117.17798511363185,\n 36.03125533205116\n ],\n [\n -117.42612119786838,\n 36.053548478078625\n ],\n [\n -117.442663603484,\n 35.83033321215166\n ],\n [\n -117.66322901169394,\n 36.03125533205116\n ],\n [\n -117.9389357719567,\n 35.90629713116965\n ],\n [\n -117.90585096072513,\n 35.68714489659442\n ],\n [\n -118.14847290975635,\n 35.52575029834179\n ],\n [\n -118.0712750168826,\n 35.37751951610565\n ],\n [\n -118.08230328729323,\n 35.25153398701126\n ],\n [\n -118.85979635123368,\n 34.804514841167205\n ],\n [\n -118.69988643028121,\n 34.704845723771044\n ],\n [\n -118.28632628988757,\n 34.595978672111414\n ],\n [\n -117.99407712400918,\n 34.436958184708374\n ],\n [\n -117.641172470873,\n 34.33684722255697\n ],\n [\n -117.3268667641737,\n 34.22293956217905\n ],\n [\n -117.02358932788503,\n 34.21838004595325\n ],\n [\n -116.57694437625949,\n 34.145394236308036\n ],\n [\n -116.13581355983928,\n 33.861978722803\n ],\n [\n -115.85459266437151,\n 33.72908918492256\n ],\n [\n -115.52374455205661,\n 33.77035284023795\n ],\n [\n -114.53671435031652,\n 33.58221328381855\n ],\n [\n -114.50914367429026,\n 33.61436380341118\n ],\n [\n -114.53120021511118,\n 33.66027231975605\n ],\n [\n -114.48708713346933,\n 33.696981506390856\n ],\n [\n -114.52017194470055,\n 33.825340148328934\n ],\n [\n -114.48157299826401,\n 33.86655743986479\n ],\n [\n -114.50914367429026,\n 33.926058410507125\n ],\n [\n -114.43194578141652,\n 34.0175172518738\n ],\n [\n -114.42091751100622,\n 34.07691272269649\n ],\n [\n -114.30512067169593,\n 34.12257322549253\n ],\n [\n -114.26652172525904,\n 34.14995769897361\n ],\n [\n -114.2224086436172,\n 34.16364660769487\n ],\n [\n -114.12866834512783,\n 34.25940680643025\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"272","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Brown, P.E.","contributorId":57655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871926,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chappell, B. W.","contributorId":72444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chappell","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871927,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Calvin F.","contributorId":18437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Calvin F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanchar, John M.","contributorId":190636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanchar","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, Victoria C.","contributorId":190637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harrison, T. Mark","contributorId":304921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wark, David A.","contributorId":304922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wark","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Foster, David A.","contributorId":304923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foster","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70137957,"text":"70137957 - 1992 - Colloid formation during waste form reaction: Implications for nuclear waste disposal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T12:24:03","indexId":"70137957","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Colloid formation during waste form reaction: Implications for nuclear waste disposal","docAbstract":"Insoluble plutonium- and americium-bearing colloidal particles formed during simulated weathering of a high-level nuclear waste glass. Nearly 100 percent of the total plutonium and americium in test ground water was concentrated in these submicrometer particles. These results indicate that models of actinide mobility and repository integrity, which assume complete solubility of actinides in ground water, underestimate the potential for radionuclide release into the environment. A colloid-trapping mechanism may be necessary for a waste repository to meet long-term performance specifications.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1126/science.256.5057.649","usgsCitation":"Bates, J.K., Bradley, J., Teetsov, A., Bradley, C.R., and Buchholtz ten Brink, M.R., 1992, Colloid formation during waste form reaction: Implications for nuclear waste disposal: Science, v. 256, no. 5057, p. 649-651, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.256.5057.649.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"649","endPage":"651","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297236,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345063,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17843487"}],"volume":"256","issue":"5057","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b60e4b08de9379b3350","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bates, J. K.","contributorId":138679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bates","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, J.","contributorId":40216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teetsov, A.","contributorId":138680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teetsov","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradley, C. R.","contributorId":138681,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradley","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buchholtz ten Brink, Marilyn R.","contributorId":88021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchholtz ten Brink","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70243351,"text":"70243351 - 1992 - Partially melted granodiorite and related rocks ejected from Crater Lake caldera, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-09T15:43:11.190942","indexId":"70243351","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T10:35:03","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5770,"text":"Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Partially melted granodiorite and related rocks ejected from Crater Lake caldera, Oregon","docAbstract":"Blocks of medium-grained granodiorite to 4 m, and minor diabase, quartz diorite, granite, aplite and granophyre, are common in ejecta of the ∼6,900 yrBP calderaforming eruption of Mount Mazama. The blocks show degrees of melting from 0–50 vol%. Because very few have adhering juvenile magma, it is thought that the blocks are fragments of the Holocene magma chamber's walls. Primary crystallisation of granodiorite produced phenocrystic pl + hyp + aug + mt + il + ap + zc, followed by qz + hb + bt + alkali feldspar (af). Presence of fluid inclusions in all samples implies complete crystallisation before melting. Subsolidus exchange with meteoric hydrothermal fluids before melting is evident in δ18O values of −3·4+4·9‰ for quartz and plagioclase in partially melted granodiorites (fresh lavas from the region have δ18O values of +5·8−+7·0‰); δ18O values of unmelted granodiorites from preclimatic eruptive units suggest hydrothermal exchange began between ∼70 and 24 ka. Before eruption, the granitic rocks equilibrated at temperatures, estimated from Fe-Ti oxide compositions, of up to ∼1000°C for c. 102–104 years at a minimum pressure of 100-180 MPa. Heating caused progressive breakdown or dissolution of hb, af, bt, and qz, so that samples with the highest melt fractions have residual pl + qz and new or re-equilibrated af + hyp + aug + mt + il in high-silica rhyolitic glass (75-77% SiO2). Mineral compositions vary systematically with increasing temperature. Hornblende is absent in rocks with Fe-Ti oxide temperatures >870°C, and bt above 970°C. Oxygen isotope fractionation between qz, pl, and glass in partially fused granodiorite also is consistent with equilibration at T≥900°C (Δ18Oqz.pl = +0·7 ± 0·5‰). Element partitioning between glass and crystals reflects the large fraction of refractory pl, re-equilibration of af and isolation or incomplete dissolution of accessory phases. Ba and REE contents of analysed glass separates can be successfully modelled by observed degrees of partial melting of granodiorite, but Rb, Sr and Sc concentrations cannot. Several samples have veins of microlite-free glass 1–5 mm thick that are compositionally and physically continuous with intergranular melt and which apparently formed after the climactic eruption began. Whole-rock H2O content, microprobe glass analysis sums near 100% and evidence for high temperature suggest liquids in the hotter samples were nearly anhydrous. The occurrence of similar granodiorite blocks at all azimuths around the 8 × 10 km caldera implies derivation from one pluton. Compositional similarity between granodiorite and pre-Mazama rhyodacites suggests that the pluton may have crystallised as recently as 0·4 Ma; compositional data preclude crystallisation from the Holocene chamber. The history of crystallisation, hydrothermal alteration, and remelting of the granitic rocks may be characteristic of shallow igneous systems in which the balance between hydrothermal cooling and magmatic input changes repeatedly over intervals of 104-106 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0263593300007732","usgsCitation":"Bacon, C.R., 1992, Partially melted granodiorite and related rocks ejected from Crater Lake caldera, Oregon: Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, v. 83, no. 1-2, p. 27-47, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263593300007732.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"47","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416864,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Crater Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.13760566049098,\n 42.90696619768107\n ],\n [\n -122.1224849496381,\n 42.909734964953174\n ],\n [\n -122.11222446727353,\n 42.90142829003196\n ],\n [\n -122.09224352793234,\n 42.90182387136207\n ],\n [\n -122.08576322328119,\n 42.906570649347316\n ],\n [\n -122.07334263936632,\n 42.90736174347748\n ],\n [\n -122.0679423854903,\n 42.91329462584088\n ],\n [\n -122.05768190312598,\n 42.92318149401794\n ],\n [\n -122.04580134459854,\n 42.93267139498096\n ],\n [\n -122.0501215476994,\n 42.94453171515221\n ],\n [\n -122.04310121766053,\n 42.95204206964834\n ],\n [\n -122.04418126843595,\n 42.96113232534424\n ],\n [\n -122.05552180157542,\n 42.96745518947486\n ],\n [\n -122.06902243626544,\n 42.97496274656825\n ],\n [\n -122.07226258859116,\n 42.98365456251537\n ],\n [\n -122.10466411184723,\n 42.97851863796396\n ],\n [\n -122.10790426417267,\n 42.98246938723648\n ],\n [\n -122.12734517812642,\n 42.98128418911077\n ],\n [\n -122.153806422119,\n 42.96745518947486\n ],\n [\n -122.1710872345222,\n 42.95322783132744\n ],\n [\n -122.1732473360725,\n 42.93108984635148\n ],\n [\n -122.16190680293303,\n 42.91527212638644\n ],\n [\n -122.13760566049098,\n 42.90696619768107\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":872134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70138180,"text":"70138180 - 1992 - Variations in the reflectivity of the moho transition zone beneath the Midcontinent Rift System of North America: results from true amplitude analysis of GLIMPCE data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T19:13:10","indexId":"70138180","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in the reflectivity of the moho transition zone beneath the Midcontinent Rift System of North America: results from true amplitude analysis of GLIMPCE data","docAbstract":"True amplitude processing of The Great Lakes International Multidisciplinary Program on Crustal Evolution seismic reflection data from the Midcontinent Rift System of North America shows large differences in the reflectivity of the Moho transition zone beneath the axial rift, beneath the rift flanks, and outside of the rift. The Moho reflection from the axial rift has a discontinuous, diffractive character marginally stronger (several decibels) than an otherwise transparent lower crust and upper mantle. Beneath the axial rift, Moho is interpreted to be a synrift igneous feature. Beneath the rift flanks, the reflectivity of the Moho transition is generally well developed with two identifiable boundaries, although in places it is weakly reflective to nonreflective, similar to Moho outside the rift. The two boundaries are interpreted as the base of essentially intact, although stretched, prerift Archean crust (upper boundary) and new synrift Moho 1-2 s (6-7 km) deeper (lower boundary). Beneath the rift flanks, the layered reflection Moho transition results from the preexisting crustal composition and fabric modified by synrift igneous processes and extensional tectonic/metamorphic processes. The geologic evidence for extensive basaltic magmatism in the rift is the basis for interpreting the Moho signature as a Keweenawan structure that has been preserved for 1.1 b.y. Extension and magmatism appear to enhance reflectivity in the lower crust and Moho transition zone only where stretching factors are moderate (rift flanks) and not where they are extreme (axial rift). This leads to the prediction that the reflectivity across analogous volcanic passive continental margins should be greatest beneath the moderately stretched continental shelves and should decrease towards the ocean-continent boundary.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1029/91JB02572","usgsCitation":"Hutchinson, D.R., Lee, M.W., Behrendt, J.C., Cannon, W.F., and Mann, A.G., 1992, Variations in the reflectivity of the moho transition zone beneath the Midcontinent Rift System of North America: results from true amplitude analysis of GLIMPCE data: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 97, no. B4, p. 4721-4737, https://doi.org/10.1029/91JB02572.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"4721","endPage":"4737","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297275,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 40.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"B4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c82e4b08de9379b384b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah R. 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Behrendt, John C. jbehrendt@usgs.gov","contributorId":25945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrendt","given":"John","email":"jbehrendt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":213,"text":"Crustal Imaging and Characterization Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118 wcannon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":1883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"wcannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mann, Adrian G. 0000-0003-1689-8524 adriangreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-8524","contributorId":4328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Adrian","email":"adriangreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70243350,"text":"70243350 - 1992 - Source region of a granite batholith: Evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-09T15:29:36.780462","indexId":"70243350","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T10:14:37","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5770,"text":"Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source region of a granite batholith: Evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals","docAbstract":"Like many granites, the Late Cretaceous intrusives of the eastern Mojave Desert, California, have heretofore provided useful but poorly focused images of their source regions. New studies of lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals are sharpening these images.
Xenoliths in Tertiary dykes in this region are the residues of an extensive partial melting event. Great diversity in their composition reflects initial heterogeneity (both igneous and sedimentary protoliths) and varying amounts of melt extraction (from <10% to >70%). Mineral assemblages and thermobarometry suggest that the melting event occurred at T ≥ 750°C at a depth of about 40 km. Present-day Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic ratios indicate a Mojave Proterozoic heritage, but unrealistic model ages demonstrate the late Phanerozoic adjustment of parent/daughter ratios. A link between these xenoliths and the Late Cretaceous granites, though not fully documented, is probable; in any case, they provide invaluable clues concerning a crustal melting event, recording information about nature of source material (heterogeneous, supracrustal-rich), conditions of melting (moderately deep, moderately high T, accompanied by partial dehydration), and melt extraction (highly variable, locally extensive).
The Old Woman-Piute granites contain a large fraction of inherited zircon and monazite. A SHRIMP ion probe investigation shows that these zircons record a Proterozoic history similar to that which affected the Mojave region. Zonation patterns in zircons, and to a lesser extent monazites and xenotimes, document multiple phases of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary growth and degradation, commonly several in a single grain. Low Y in portions of the cores of inherited zircons and monazites and in monazites and outer portions of zircons from the xenoliths appear to indicate growth in equilibrium with abundant garnet.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0263593300007744","usgsCitation":"Miller, C., Hanchar, J.M., Wooden, J., Bennett, V.C., Harrison, T.M., Wark, D.A., and Foster, D.A., 1992, Source region of a granite batholith: Evidence from lower crustal xenoliths and inherited accessory minerals: Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, v. 83, no. 1-2, p. 49-62, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263593300007744.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"62","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.83356467988116,\n 34.8279676819143\n ],\n [\n -118.04513335337579,\n 34.41775123340372\n ],\n [\n -117.68170986448735,\n 34.37161513150107\n ],\n [\n -117.45255654829927,\n 34.25689606372363\n ],\n [\n -116.78161975031,\n 34.173673842669956\n ],\n [\n -116.06036390313116,\n 33.75633064149888\n ],\n [\n -115.67457589184934,\n 33.76097902741604\n ],\n [\n -115.08750717902925,\n 33.467639120929206\n ],\n [\n -114.46689168261973,\n 33.714483827633686\n ],\n [\n -114.50602959680751,\n 33.830674557637394\n ],\n [\n -114.47807394381609,\n 33.872464627919\n ],\n [\n -114.50602959680751,\n 33.95598340376327\n ],\n [\n -114.39979811544019,\n 34.016251590137855\n ],\n [\n -114.39420698484184,\n 34.090369120879245\n ],\n [\n -114.25442871988476,\n 34.14591472525245\n ],\n [\n -114.10346819373096,\n 34.25227509432112\n ],\n [\n -114.1481972385171,\n 34.349269472593306\n ],\n [\n -114.3215222870643,\n 34.464592814087354\n ],\n [\n -114.37184246244878,\n 34.48763839822264\n ],\n [\n -114.36625133185042,\n 34.53831627224551\n ],\n [\n -114.43893602962831,\n 34.67177373090276\n ],\n [\n -114.47248281321775,\n 34.736124658560016\n ],\n [\n -114.55075864159399,\n 34.78665097545071\n ],\n [\n -114.56753203338869,\n 34.83714635899972\n ],\n [\n -114.62344333937153,\n 34.89219692881092\n ],\n [\n -114.64021673116657,\n 35.00676718739375\n ],\n [\n -115.99886146654998,\n 36.084901936918754\n ],\n [\n -116.45174304501134,\n 35.89942757249506\n ],\n [\n -116.62506809355821,\n 36.02161826416021\n ],\n [\n -116.99967384364332,\n 35.98543332595766\n ],\n [\n -117.49169333629246,\n 35.86771765454857\n ],\n [\n -117.84393456398453,\n 36.301487877656825\n ],\n [\n -118.05639752671951,\n 36.21582758206627\n ],\n [\n -117.9557571759502,\n 35.67264984719334\n ],\n [\n -118.15144674689012,\n 35.59539813627521\n ],\n [\n -118.12908222449705,\n 35.28564569120178\n ],\n [\n -118.28004275065084,\n 35.14861175210852\n ],\n [\n -118.83356467988116,\n 34.8279676819143\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Calvin F.","contributorId":18437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Calvin F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanchar, John M.","contributorId":190636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanchar","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, Victoria C.","contributorId":190637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harrison, T. Mark","contributorId":304921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wark, David A.","contributorId":304922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wark","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Foster, David A.","contributorId":304923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foster","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":872133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70243306,"text":"70243306 - 1992 - Growth of grain contacts in halite by solution-transfer: Implications for diagenesis, lithification, and strength recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-08T15:02:12.178998","indexId":"70243306","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T09:51:11","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5944,"text":"International Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth of grain contacts in halite by solution-transfer: Implications for diagenesis, lithification, and strength recovery","docAbstract":"Lithification of a sediment to form a rock may involve cementation, diagenetic reactions, or compaction under load. In these experiments, convex halite lenses were pressed against fiat halite plates at 50° C in a specially designed microscope stage. A saturated brine surrounded the samples, which were observed during the experiment in transmitted and reflected light. No time-dependent convergence was observed between the two crystals, even at mean normal stresses of up to 14 M Pa at the contact. In all experiments, however, the contact (or neck) between the two crystals grew with time as material dissolved from the surrounding lens surfaces, diffused through the pore fluid, and precipitated at the neck. Neck growth rates did not appear to correlate with the applied load, but did systematically increase as the misorientation between the two crystals decreased. Our analysis of the shapes of fluid inclusions formed along the grain boundary within the neck suggests that the grain boundary energy is about 1.8 times greater than the fluid-solid interfacial energy. Neck growth appears to be driven by the reduction of interfacial energy rather than by mechanical loads. Assuming that the interfacial energy is isotropic, and incorporating some geometric simplifications, two models of neck growth were formulated. The rate-controlling steps in the models were either precipitation or diffusion in the pore fluid. The data fit either model equally well. Both models predict that neck growth rate will be rapid at first but will decrease with time, as was observed. Neck growth will lead to an increase in real area of contact between grains in a granular aggregate even without the introduction of supersaturated solutions and may be important in the induration of sediments and the strengthening of fault gouge.
A critical part of the exploration for mineral deposits or of quantitative mineral resource assessments is the estimation of how large undiscoveredeposits might be. Typically, this problem is addressed using grade and tonnage models in which a major source of variation in possible sizes is accounted for by the differences in types of deposits (Cox and Singer, 1986; Mosier and Page, 1988; Bliss, 1992). It is clear from studies of petroleum exploration that larger oil fields tend to be found early in the process (Arps and Roberts, 1958). If the same behavior exists in mineral exploration, then tonnage models constructed from local data may be biased estimators of the tonnages of any remaining undiscoveredeposits in the area. Although Singer and Mosier (1981) showed that larger porphyry copper deposits should be found earlier than smaller deposits in a given geologic and exploration environment, there are no definitive studies that we could find which actually test the hypothesis that larger mineral deposits are discovered early in the exploration of a region.
In this paper the hypothesis that larger mineral deposits are discovered early in the exploration of a region is tested by examining the relationship between discovery order and size of known mercury deposits in the California Coast Ranges. We then present a new maximum likelihood approach to modeling the size distribution of undiscovered mineral deposits by examining the sizes of the mercury deposits discovered early in the exploration process.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.87.4.1174","usgsCitation":"Chung, C.F., Singer, D.A., and Menzie, W.D., 1992, Predicting sizes of undiscovered mineral deposits; an example using mercury deposits in California : Economic Geology, v. 87, no. 4, p. 1174-1179, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.87.4.1174.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1174","endPage":"1179","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1992-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b15a55de4b092d9651e22cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chung, C. F.","contributorId":205051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chung","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":735962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Menzie, W. David","contributorId":15645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":735963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70197192,"text":"70197192 - 1992 - A quantitative link among mineral deposit modeling, geoscience mapping, and exploration-resource assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-21T15:49:15","indexId":"70197192","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A quantitative link among mineral deposit modeling, geoscience mapping, and exploration-resource assessment","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.87.1.194","usgsCitation":"Chung, C.F., Jefferson, C.W., and Singer, D., 1992, A quantitative link among mineral deposit modeling, geoscience mapping, and exploration-resource assessment: Economic Geology, v. 87, no. 1, p. 194-197, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.87.1.194.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"194","endPage":"197","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1992-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b15a55de4b092d9651e22cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chung, C. F.","contributorId":205051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chung","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jefferson, C. W.","contributorId":205052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jefferson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singer, D.A.","contributorId":69128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":735960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70196063,"text":"70196063 - 1992 - Characteristics and processing of seismic data collected on thick, floating ice: Results from the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T13:19:09","indexId":"70196063","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characteristics and processing of seismic data collected on thick, floating ice: Results from the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica","docAbstract":"Coincident reflection and refraction data, collected in the austral summer of 1988/89 by Stanford University and the Geophysical Division of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Zealand, imaged the crust beneath the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica. The Ross Ice Shelf is a unique acquisition environment for seismic reflection profiling because of its thick, floating ice cover. The ice shelf velocity structure is multilayered with a high velocity‐gradient firn layer constituting the upper 50 to 100 m. This near surface firn layer influences the data character by amplifying and frequency modulating the incoming wavefield. In addition, the ice‐water column introduces pervasive, high energy seafloor, intra‐ice, and intra‐water multiples that have moveout velocities similar to the expected subseafloor primary velocities. Successful removal of these high energy multiples relies on predictive deconvolution, inverse velocity stack filtering, and frequency filtering. Removal of the multiples reveals a faulted, sedimentary wedge which is truncated at or near the seafloor. Beneath this wedge the reflection character is diffractive to a two‐way traveltime of ∼7.2 s. At this time, a prominent reflection is evident on the southeast end of the reflection profile. This reflection is interpreted as Moho indicating that the crust is ∼21-km thick beneath the profile. These results provide seismic evidence that the extensional features observed in the Ross Sea region of the Ross Embayment extend beneath the Ross Ice Shelf.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1443205","usgsCitation":"Beaudoin, B.C., ten Brink, U., and Stern, T.A., 1992, Characteristics and processing of seismic data collected on thick, floating ice: Results from the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Geophysics, v. 57, no. 10, p. 1359-1372, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1443205.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1359","endPage":"1372","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352566,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica","volume":"57","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff2826e4b0da30c1bfd76e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beaudoin, Bruce C.","contributorId":58140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaudoin","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":731179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stern, Tim A.","contributorId":189814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stern","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1007892,"text":"1007892 - 1992 - Foraging on prey that are modified by parasites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-17T15:18:55.368355","indexId":"1007892","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraging on prey that are modified by parasites","docAbstract":"A model that weighs the energetic cost of parasitism for a predator against the energetic value of prey items that transmit the parasite to the predator suggests that there is often no selective pressure to avoid parasitized prey This offers an explanation for why parasites so frequently exploit predators and prey as definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively Furthermore, predators may actually benefit from their parasites if energetic costs of parasitism are moderate and prey capture is facilitated by parasites. Parasite species that benefit predators through modification of prey are not mutualistic, however.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/285444","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., 1992, Foraging on prey that are modified by parasites: American Naturalist, v. 140, no. 5, p. 854-867, https://doi.org/10.1086/285444.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"854","endPage":"867","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130137,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"140","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae5ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001338,"text":"1001338 - 1992 - Influence of age and selected environmental factors on reproductive performance of canvasbacks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T11:07:46","indexId":"1001338","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of age and selected environmental factors on reproductive performance of canvasbacks","docAbstract":"Age, productivity, and other factors affecting breeding performance of canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) are poorly understood. Consequently, we tested whether reproductive performance of female canvasbacks varied with age and selected environmental factors in southwestern Manitoba from 1974 to 1980. Neither clutch size, nest parasitism, nest success, nor the number of ducklings/brood varied with age. Return rates, nest initiation dates, renesting, and hen success were age-related. Return rates averaged 21% for second-year (SY) and 69% for after-second-year (ASY) females (58% for third-year and 79% for after-third-year females). Additionally, water conditions and spring temperatures influenced chronology of arrival, timing of nesting, and reproductive success. Nest initiation by birds of all ages was affected by minimum April temperatures. Clutch size was higher in nests initiated earlier. Interspecific nest parasitism did not affect clutch size, nest success, hen success, or hatching success. Nest success was lower in dry years (17%) than in moderately wet (54%) or wet (60%) years. Nests per female were highest during wet years. No nests of SY females were found in dry years. In years of moderate to good wetland conditions, females of all ages nested. Predation was the primary factor influencing nest success. Hen success averaged 58% over all years. The number of ducklings surviving 20 days averaged 4.7/brood. Because SY females have lower return rates and hen success than ASY females, especially during drier years, management to increase canvasback populations might best be directed to increasing first year recruitment (no. of females returning to breed) and to increasing overall breeding success by reducing predation and enhancing local habitat conditions during nesting.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3808871","usgsCitation":"Serie, J.R., Trauger, D.L., and Austin, J.E., 1992, Influence of age and selected environmental factors on reproductive performance of canvasbacks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 56, no. 3, p. 546-556, https://doi.org/10.2307/3808871.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"546","endPage":"556","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db672035","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Serie, Jerome R.","contributorId":174564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serie","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trauger, David L.","contributorId":107682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trauger","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Austin, Jane E. jaustin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane","email":"jaustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":310896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1014225,"text":"1014225 - 1992 - Immunostimulants, adjuvants, and vaccine carriers in fish: Applications to aquaculture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T11:58:47.432323","indexId":"1014225","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":810,"text":"Annual Review of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Immunostimulants, adjuvants, and vaccine carriers in fish: Applications to aquaculture","docAbstract":"Use of immunostimulants, adjuvants, and vaccine carriers in fish culture offers a wide range of attractive methods for inducing and building up protection against diseases. Immunostimulants and adjuvants can be administered before, with, or after vaccines to amplify the specific immune response generating elevations of circulating antibody titers and numbers of plaque-forming cells. Special applications of immunostimulants include assisting shower or other regimens to increase topical uptake of vaccines. In addition, immunostimulants may be used alone, inducing elevated activities in the nonspecific defense mechanisms such as increased oxidative activity of neutrophils, augmented engulfment activity of phagocytic cells, or potentiating cytotoxic cells. In cases where disease outbreaks are cyclical and can be predicted, losses may be reduced by elevating the nonspecific defense mechanisms, and the immunostimulants may be used in anticipation of events to prevent losses from diseases. Complete Freund's adjuvant was one of the first immunostimulants used in animals to elevate the specific immune response, and it has also been successfully used in conjunction with injection of fish bacterins. Other adjuvants, immunostimulants, and biological response modifiers that have been used in fisheries research include levamisole, salt baths, and bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Vaccines have been adsorbed to inert particles, such as bentonite on latex beads, to carry the immunogens to maximize in vivo uptake for bath immunization and to facilitate in vitro phagocytosis. Each substance presents special problems in timing and method of administration (injection, immersion, oral—by feed—or flush treatments), dosage adjustments for size and fish species, storage stability, and cost. An additional consideration is that the nonspecific defense mechanisms and immune responses in fish are highly variable among individuals and statistical validation requires appropriate sample numbers and carefully controlled experiments.
This article reviews the literature and present concepts of use of immunostimulants, adjuvants, and vaccine carriers in fish. Cautions for use are noted, as some of these potent substances can suppress or alter biological pathways if used inappropriately. Recent research, defining pathways of the action of immunostimulants, adjuvants, and vaccine carriers, helps explain how these substances activate the protective mechanisms in fish. In addition, immunostimulants used alone hold tremendous potential for use in fish farms, hatcheries, and aquaculture facilities to reduce losses from infectious diseases. Research on the immunostimulant, levamisole, and the light oil adjuvants for use in food fish is in progress. Applications for use of these immunostimulants are proposed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0959-8030(92)90067-8","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D.P., 1992, Immunostimulants, adjuvants, and vaccine carriers in fish: Applications to aquaculture: Annual Review of Fish Diseases, v. 2, p. 281-307, https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-8030(92)90067-8.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"307","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131933,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c4d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Douglas P.","contributorId":70696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1014685,"text":"1014685 - 1992 - Mechanisms and function of school formation in subyearling American shad (Alosa sapidissima)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-15T16:35:04.450762","indexId":"1014685","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanisms and function of school formation in subyearling American shad (Alosa sapidissima)","docAbstract":"Summary
The behavioural repertoire of subyearling American shad (Alosa sapidissima) was studied in the laboratory to examine pathways leading to Aggregation and School formation at various group sizes (3–100 fish per 500-liter tank). Three hypotheses were tested: (1) schooling is the dominant behavioural activity of subyearling American shad, (2) development and maintenance of cohesive social behaviour is affected b group size, and (3) survival is a function of group size. Seventeen discrete behaviour patterns were observed. In relation to group size, the amount of time spent Schooling varied directly whereas Following and Aggregating varied inversely. The number of bouts of Parallel orient, Parallel swim, and Pivot also varied inversely with group size. A conceptual model was developed and tested to show how normal schooling behaviour is achieved in small or fragmented groups through intermediary modal action patterns. Sequence analysis showed behavioural diversity to diminish with group size, thereby increasing group cohesion and uniformity of response to stimuli. Probability of survival, determined from weekly mortality in experimental tanks, increased significantly with group size (0.87–0.98 for 3–100 fish). It is hypothesized that survival improves with an increase in the proportion of time spent Schooling, which may increase feeding efficiency, reduce stress, or reduce metabolic expenditures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.1992.tb00676.x","usgsCitation":"Ross, R.M., and Backman, T.W., 1992, Mechanisms and function of school formation in subyearling American shad (Alosa sapidissima): Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 8, no. 1-4, p. 143-153, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1992.tb00676.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479608,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1992.tb00676.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":130562,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611d24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, R. M.","contributorId":39311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Backman, T. W. H.","contributorId":84307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backman","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016728,"text":"70016728 - 1992 - Geochemical heterogeneity in a sand and gravel aquifer: Effect of sediment mineralogy and particle size on the sorption of chlorobenzenes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:48","indexId":"70016728","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemical heterogeneity in a sand and gravel aquifer: Effect of sediment mineralogy and particle size on the sorption of chlorobenzenes","docAbstract":"The effect of particle size, mineralogy and sediment organic carbon (SOC) on solution of tetrachlorobenzene and pentachlorobenzene was evaluated using batch-isotherm experiments on sediment particle-size and mineralogical fractions from a sand and gravel aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Concentration of SOC and sorption of chlorobenzenes increase with decreasing particle size. For a given particle size, the magnetic fraction has a higher SOC content and sorption capacity than the bulk or non-magnetic fractions. Sorption appears to be controlled by the magnetic minerals, which comprise only 5-25% of the bulk sediment. Although SOC content of the bulk sediment is < 0.1%, the observed sorption of chlorobenzenes is consistent with a partition mechanism and is adequately predicted by models relating sorption to the octanol/water partition coefficient of the solute and SOC content. A conceptual model based on preferential association of dissolved organic matter with positively-charged mineral surfaces is proposed to describe micro-scale, intergranular variability in sorption properties of the aquifer sediments.The effect of particle size, mineralogy and sediment organic carbon (SOC) on sorption of tetrachlorobenzene and pentachlorobenzene was evaluated using batch-isotherm experiments on sediment particle-size and mineralogical fractions from a sand and gravel aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Concentration of SOC and sorption of chlorobenzenes increase with decreasing particle size. For a given particle size, the magnetic fraction has a higher SOC content and sorption capacity than the bulk or non-magnetic fractions. Sorption appears to be controlled by the magnetic minerals, which comprise only 5-25% of the bulk sediment. Although SOC content of the bulk sediment is <0.1%, the observed sorption of chlorobenzenes is consistent with a partition mechanism and is adequately predicted by models relating sorption to the octanol/water partition coefficient of the solute and SOC content. A conceptual model based on preferential association of dissolved organic matter with positively-charged mineral surfaces is proposed to describe micro-scale, intergranular variability in sorption properties of the aquifer sediments.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","conferenceTitle":"Pacifichem '89","conferenceDate":"17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989","conferenceLocation":"Honolulu, HI, USA","language":"English","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Barber, L., Thurman, E., and Runnells, D., 1992, Geochemical heterogeneity in a sand and gravel aquifer: Effect of sediment mineralogy and particle size on the sorption of chlorobenzenes, in Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 9, no. 1-2, Honolulu, HI, USA, 17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989, p. 35-54.","startPage":"35","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1640e4b0c8380cd550e7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McCalady Donald L.","contributorId":128410,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"McCalady Donald L.","id":536343,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Barber, L.B. II","contributorId":6097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.B.","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runnells, D.R.","contributorId":105061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runnells","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1003132,"text":"1003132 - 1992 - Heavy metals in the threeridge mussel Amblema plicata plicata (Say, 1817) in the upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-11T11:11:42.144002","indexId":"1003132","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heavy metals in the threeridge mussel Amblema plicata plicata (Say, 1817) in the upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Concentrations of mercury and zinc in the threeridge mussel Amblema plicata plicata, sampled in 1987 from Pools 3 and 10 in the upper Mississippi River, were comparable to concentrations in mussels from moderately contaminated systems, while copper concentrations were similar to concentrations in mussels from more polluted waters. Cadmium concentrations in mussels were significantly less at a lightly contaminated site (Pool 10, range 0.53 to 0.92 mu g/g dry weight) than at a site where metal abundances were strongly influenced by industrial and domestic inputs (Pool 3, range 0.80 to 1.25 mu g/g dry weight). Yet, cadmium concentrations in Pool 3 were an order of magnitude less than values reported for mussels from more metal-polluted systems. In contrast, concentrations of copper, mercury, and zinc did not differ between sites. Cadmium and zinc concentrations generally increased with size of the mussel, copper concentrations decreased with size, and mercury concentrations were unrelated to size.a","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","issn":"02705060","usgsCitation":"Naimo, T., Waller, D.L., and Holland Bartels, L.E., 1992, Heavy metals in the threeridge mussel Amblema plicata plicata (Say, 1817) in the upper Mississippi River: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 7, no. 2, p. 209-217.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"217","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198690,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63cbce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naimo, T.J.","contributorId":32870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naimo","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waller, D. L.","contributorId":43704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holland Bartels, L. E.","contributorId":71505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland Bartels","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2000063,"text":"2000063 - 1992 - Selection of prey by walleyes in the Ohio waters of the central basin of Lake Erie, 1985-1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T16:04:30","indexId":"2000063","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"182","title":"Selection of prey by walleyes in the Ohio waters of the central basin of Lake Erie, 1985-1987","docAbstract":"Walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) were collected at five locations in the central basin of Lake Erie in 1985-87. The contents of the fishes' stomachs were examined to identify the species of prey. The seasonal availability of potential prey was determined from sampling with trawl tows. Food electivity indexes for young-of-the-year (YOY) and older walleyes were calculated. Electivity indexes changed monthly in YOY walleyes that consumed mostly YOY gizzard shads (Dorosoma cepedianum) in July and fed moderately on gizzard shads, but more on smelts (Osmerus mordax), in August. In September and October YOY walleyes did not consume YOY white perch (Morone americana). During October, they continued to eat YOY gizzard shads moderately but consumed mostly emerald shiners (Notropis atherinoides). Older walleys were highly partial to YOY gizzard shads, emerald shiners, and smelts and consumed no YOY white perch. The numbers of YOY yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in stomachs were limited. Prey selection by walleyes in the central basin was species-specific irrespective of abundance of prey.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Wolfert, D.R., and Bur, M.T., 1992, Selection of prey by walleyes in the Ohio waters of the central basin of Lake Erie, 1985-1987: Resource Publication 182, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4c20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfert, David R.","contributorId":49305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfert","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bur, Michael T.","contributorId":102015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bur","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008642,"text":"1008642 - 1992 - Power of sign surveys to monitor population trend","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-13T09:47:00","indexId":"1008642","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Power of sign surveys to monitor population trend","docAbstract":"The urgent need for an effective monitoring scheme for grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) populations led us to investigate the effort required to detect changes in populations of low—density dispersed animals, using sign (mainly scats and tracks) they leave on trails. We surveyed trails in Glacier National Park for bear tracks and scats during five consecutive years. Using these data, we modeled the occurrence of bear sign on trails, then estimated the power of various sampling schemes. Specifically, we explored the power of bear sign surveys to detect a 20% decline in sign occurrence. Realistic sampling schemes appear feasible if the density of sign is high enough, and we provide guidelines for designs with adequate replication to monitor long—term trends of dispersed populations using sign occurrences on trails.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1941877","usgsCitation":"Kendall, K.C., Metzgar, L.H., Patterson, D.A., and Steele, B.M., 1992, Power of sign surveys to monitor population trend: Ecological Applications, v. 2, no. 4, p. 422-430, https://doi.org/10.2307/1941877.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"422","endPage":"430","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":132145,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db681d17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, Katherine C. 0000-0002-4831-2287 kkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-2287","contributorId":3081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Katherine","email":"kkendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":318333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metzgar, Lee H.","contributorId":39325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzgar","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patterson, David A.","contributorId":175326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patterson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36482,"text":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":318330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steele, Brian M.","contributorId":175327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steele","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1003140,"text":"1003140 - 1992 - Transfer of computer software technology through workshops: The case of fish bioenergetics modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-05T11:31:10.009555","indexId":"1003140","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transfer of computer software technology through workshops: The case of fish bioenergetics modeling","docAbstract":"I recommend a three-part program to promote the availability and use of computer software packages to fishery managers and researchers. The three-part approach consists of journal articles that announce new technologies, technical reports that serve as user's guides, and hands-on workshops that provide direct instruction to new users. Workshops, which allow experienced users to directly instruct novices in software operation and application, are an important, but often neglected, final step in this process. My experience with organizing and conducting bioenergetics modeling workshops suggests the optimal workshop would take 2 days, have 10–15 participants, one computer for every two users, and one instructor for every 5–6 people.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1577/1548-8446(1992)017<0014:TOCSTT>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Johnson, B., 1992, Transfer of computer software technology through workshops: The case of fish bioenergetics modeling: Fisheries, v. 17, no. 6, p. 114-118, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(1992)017<0014:TOCSTT>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"118","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129222,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db626e24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Barry L.","contributorId":95009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Barry L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003142,"text":"1003142 - 1992 - Survey of non-charter boat recreational fishing in the U.S. Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:49","indexId":"1003142","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survey of non-charter boat recreational fishing in the U.S. Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"A telephone survey was conducted by the U.S. Virgin Islands Division of Fish and Wildlife from July- September 1986 to evaluate the efficacy of telephone surveys as a sampling technique for obtaining reliable fisheries data, and to collect fisheries data for the recreational non-charter boat fishery around the Virgin Islands. Results suggest that telephone surveys by themselves may provide biased data on recreational fishing in the Virgin Islands. Additional methods, such as mail surveys and limited creel surveys could be used to supplement the fisheries data gathered through telephone surveys. The results of this survey indicate that during the mid 1980s 10.8% of the residents of the Virgin Islands ( similar to 10,800) fished recreationally (i.e., non-charter boat anglers). These anglers made modest demands of the resources (effort: 19,200 manhours/yr;","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Marine Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Jennings, C., 1992, Survey of non-charter boat recreational fishing in the U.S. Virgin Islands: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 50, no. 2, p. 342-351.","productDescription":"pp. 342-351","startPage":"342","endPage":"351","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6887d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, Cecil A.","contributorId":38504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Cecil A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1000804,"text":"1000804 - 1992 - Food of the alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Lake Ontario before and after the establishment of Bythotrephes cederstroemi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T09:24:10","indexId":"1000804","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food of the alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Lake Ontario before and after the establishment of Bythotrephes cederstroemi","docAbstract":"Diets and length–weight relationships of Lake Ontario alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in 1972 differed from those in 1988; the large cladoceran Bythotrephes cederstroemi colonized the lake during the mid-1980's. Micro-crustacean zooplankton were the dominant prey of alewife during April–October in 1972 and 1988. Although Bythotrephes was not found in 1988 net samples, it replaced other zooplankters in the alewife's diet. Typically, tailspines were the only part ofBythotrephes in alewife stomachs; their frequency was high in April–May, diminished rapidly in summer and was very low by fall. In spring 1988, alewife ![\"\"](\"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjfas/1992/cjfas4910/f92-224/production/images/medium/f92-224c1.gif\")
were in better condition than in spring 1972 and this may have been due to larger fish feeding more heavily onBythotrephes. Variation in diet among widely separated sampling sites was due to differences in alewife abundance, stability of thermal structure, progress of zooplankton community development and distance to the mouth of the Niagara River (through which Bythotrephesprobably enter the lake in summer and fall). In the Great Lakes, inter- and intralake differences in diet clearly exist, and these must be incorporated into models of alewife planktivory to gain an accurate understanding of energy flow between trophic levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f92-224","usgsCitation":"Mills, E.L., O’Gorman, R., DeGisi, J., Heberger, R., and House, R.A., 1992, Food of the alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Lake Ontario before and after the establishment of Bythotrephes cederstroemi: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 49, no. 10, p. 2009-2019, https://doi.org/10.1139/f92-224.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2009","endPage":"2019","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de5e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, Edward L.","contributorId":61387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Gorman, Robert rogorman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Gorman","given":"Robert","email":"rogorman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":309486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeGisi, Joe","contributorId":57023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGisi","given":"Joe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heberger, Roy","contributorId":61392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heberger","given":"Roy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"House, Robert A.","contributorId":60173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1000741,"text":"1000741 - 1992 - Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-11T16:17:47","indexId":"1000741","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms","docAbstract":"Bluegill (Lepomis macrochira) growth varies inconsistently with plant density. In laboratory and field experiments, we explored mechanisms underlying bluegill growth as a function of plant and invertebrate density. In the laboratory, bluegills captured more chironomids (Chironomus riparius) than damselflies (Enallagma spp. and Ischnura spp.), but energy intake per time spent searching did not differ between damselfly and chironomid treatments. From laboratory data, we described prey encounter rates as functions of plant and invertebrate density. In Clark Lake, Ohio, we created 0.05-ha mesocosms of inshore vegetation to generate macrophyte densities of 125, 270, and 385 stems/m2 of Potamogeton and Ceratophyllum and added 46-mm bluegill (1/m2). In these mesocosms, invertebrate density increased as a function of macrophyte density. Combining this function with encounter rate functions derived from laboratory data, we predicted that bluegill growth should peak at a high macrophyte density, greater than 1000 stems/m2, even though growth should change only slightly beyond 100 stems/m2. Consistent with our predictions, bluegills did not grow differentially, nor did their use of different prey taxa differ, across macrophyte densities in the field. Bluegills preferred chironomid pupae, which were relatively few in numbers but vulnerable to predation, whereas more cryptic, chironomid larvae, which were associated with vegetation but were relatively abundant, were eaten as encountered. Bluegill avoided physid snails. Contrary to previous work, vegetation did not influence growth or diet of bluegill beyond relatively low densities owing to the interaction between capture probabilities and macroinvertebrate densities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/BF00317212","usgsCitation":"Savino, J.F., Marschall, E.A., and Stein, R., 1992, Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms: Oecologia, v. 89, no. 2, p. 153-160, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317212.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"160","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479581,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/37963","text":"External Repository"},{"id":267253,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317212"},{"id":132918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a01e4b07f02db5f802f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savino, Jacqueline F. jsavino@usgs.gov","contributorId":2213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savino","given":"Jacqueline","email":"jsavino@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marschall, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":41388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marschall","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stein, Roy A.","contributorId":21494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Roy A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}