{"pageNumber":"1385","pageRowStart":"34600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40884,"records":[{"id":70016813,"text":"70016813 - 1992 - Modeling of ancient climate from deuterium content of water in volcanic glass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T16:32:29","indexId":"70016813","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling of ancient climate from deuterium content of water in volcanic glass","docAbstract":"The explosive nature of the eruptions that produced rhyolitic tephras resulted in the ash being distributed over large areas. This ash, within a few thousand years after deposition, incorporated relatively large amounts of environmental water (up to 3.5%) into the glass structure. This hydration water is shown to retain its original deuterium concentration through time, and because the deuterium content of precipitation has been used for climate characterization, the hydration water, which is related to ancient precipitation, can be used to investigate ancient climates. Based on the analysis of ash samples dated at 13,700, 11,200 and 8500 BP, the climate in the states of Washington and Montana may have been about 3-6??C cooler at the end of the Pleistocene or Early Holocene than the present. We observe no change in the deuterium concentration of surface waters, and hence climate, in that region post-8500 BP. ?? 1992.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/1040-6182(92)90029-2","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Friedman, I., Gleason, J., Wilcox, R., and Warden, A., 1992, Modeling of ancient climate from deuterium content of water in volcanic glass: Quaternary International, v. 13-14, no. C, p. 201-203, https://doi.org/10.1016/1040-6182(92)90029-2.","startPage":"201","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":270043,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1040-6182(92)90029-2"},{"id":224754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13-14","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c11e4b0c8380cd6f9e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, I.","contributorId":95596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gleason, J.","contributorId":16975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleason","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilcox, R.","contributorId":50665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warden, A.","contributorId":41946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warden","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70016815,"text":"70016815 - 1992 - Species dominance and equitability: patterns in Cenozoic foraminifera of eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-24T12:06:05","indexId":"70016815","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2294,"text":"Journal of Foraminiferal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Species dominance and equitability: patterns in Cenozoic foraminifera of eastern North America","docAbstract":"Species dominance in benthonic foraminifera, represented by percent of the assemblage composed of the single most abundant species, shows little change in observed range of values from shallow into deep-marine waters in 1005 samples from the Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic, and Arctic margins of North America. This finding contrasts with the model that species dominance is highest in shallow-marine environments and decreases offshore into deeper marine waters. Equitability, the relation of all species abundances within an assemblage, also shows little change between the values found in shallow-marine assemblages and those found in assemblages from deeper water environments. Equitability and dominance values found in 421 assemblages from Palaeocene, Eocene, Miocene, and Pleistocene strata of the Atlantic and E Gulf of Mexico coastal plains are similar to the modern values. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Foraminiferal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/gsjfr.22.1.34","issn":"00961191","usgsCitation":"Gibson, T., and Hill, E., 1992, Species dominance and equitability: patterns in Cenozoic foraminifera of eastern North America: Journal of Foraminiferal Research, v. 22, no. 1, p. 34-51, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.22.1.34.","startPage":"34","endPage":"51","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269892,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.22.1.34"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94fae4b08c986b31ace5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gibson, T. G.","contributorId":103702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"T. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, E.E.","contributorId":26582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016819,"text":"70016819 - 1992 - Solution properties of almandine-pyrope garnet as determined by phase equilibrium experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:50","indexId":"70016819","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solution properties of almandine-pyrope garnet as determined by phase equilibrium experiments","docAbstract":"The thermodynamic mixing properties of almandine-pyrope garnet were derived from phase equilibrium experiments at temperatures of 900 and 1000??C and pressures from 8 to 14 kbar. Almandine has essentially ideal behavior in almandine-pyrope garnet over the composition range Alm89-Alm61 at the above experimental conditions. In all experimental products a systematic partitioning of Fe and Mg between garnet and ilmenite was seen with ln Kd ??? 1.59 which was not temperature sensitive. The results support the use of garnet mixing models that incorporate ideal or nearly ideal Fe-Mg parameters. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Koziol, A., and Bohlen, S., 1992, Solution properties of almandine-pyrope garnet as determined by phase equilibrium experiments: American Mineralogist, v. 77, no. 7-8, p. 765-773.","startPage":"765","endPage":"773","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b925ce4b08c986b319e84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koziol, A.M.","contributorId":106650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koziol","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlen, S.R.","contributorId":105436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlen","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016823,"text":"70016823 - 1992 - 13C-NMR spectra and contact time experiment for Skjervatjern fulvic and humic acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:50","indexId":"70016823","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1523,"text":"Environment International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"13C-NMR spectra and contact time experiment for Skjervatjern fulvic and humic acids","docAbstract":"The T(CP) and T(1p) time constants for Skjervatjern fulvic and humic acids were determined to be short with T(CP) values ranging from 0.14 ms to 0.53 ms and T(1p) values ranging from 3.3 ms to 5.9 ms. T(CP) or T(1p) time constants at a contact time of 1 ms are favorable for quantification of 13C-NMR spectra. Because of the short T(CP) values, correction factors for signal intensity for various regions of the 13C-NMR spectra would be necessary at contact times greater than 1.1 ms or less than 0.9 ms. T(CP) and T(1p) values have a limited non-homogeneity within Skjervatjern fulvic and humic acids. A pulse delay or repeat time of 700 ms is more than adequate for quantification of these 13C-NMR spectra. Paramagnetic effects in these humic substances are precluded due to low inorganic ash contents, low contents of Fe, Mn, and Co, and low organic free-radical contents. The observed T(CP) values suggest that all the carbon types in Skjervatjern fulvic and humic acids are fully cross-polarized before significant proton relaxation occurs. The 13C-NMR spectra for Skjervatjern fulvic acid is similar to most aquatic fulvic acids as it is predominantly aliphatic, low in aromaticity (fa1 = 24), low in phenolic content, high in carboxyl content, and has no resolution of a methoxyl peak. The 13C-NMR spectra for Skjervatjern humic acid is also similar to most other aquatic humic acids in that it is also predominantly aliphatic, high in aromaticity (fa1 = 38), moderate in phenolic content, moderate in carboxyl content, and has a clear resolution of a methoxyl carbon region. After the consideration of the necessary 13C-NMR experimental conditions, these spectra are considered to be quantitative. With careful consideration of the previously determined 13C-NMR experimental conditions, quantitative spectra can be obtained for humic substances in the future from the HUMEX site. Possible changes in humic substances due to acidification should be determined from 13C-NMR data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environment International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0160-4120(92)90028-3","issn":"01604120","usgsCitation":"Malcolm, R., 1992, 13C-NMR spectra and contact time experiment for Skjervatjern fulvic and humic acids: Environment International, v. 18, no. 6, p. 609-620, https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(92)90028-3.","startPage":"609","endPage":"620","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":499878,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/0f8d4a85779645b6b06237884da46324","text":"External Repository"},{"id":205567,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(92)90028-3"},{"id":224897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e225e4b0c8380cd459c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malcolm, Ronald L.","contributorId":46075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malcolm","given":"Ronald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016824,"text":"70016824 - 1992 - Quantitative evaluation of XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins used in tandem for removing organic solutes from water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:50","indexId":"70016824","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1523,"text":"Environment International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantitative evaluation of XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins used in tandem for removing organic solutes from water","docAbstract":"The combined XAD-8 and XAD-4 resin procedure for the isolation of dissolved organic solutes from water was found to isolate 85% or more of the organic solutes from Lake Skjervatjern in Norway. Approximately 65% of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was first removed on XAD-8 resin, and then an additional 20% of the DOC was removed on XAD-4 resin. Approximately 15% of the DOC solutes (primarily hydrophilic neutrals) were not sorbed or concentrated by the procedure. Of the 65% of the solutes removed on XAD-8 resin, 40% were fulvic acids, 16% were humic acids, and 9% were hydrophobic neutrals. Approximately 20% of the hydrophilic solutes that pass through the XAD-8 resin were sorbed solutes on the second resin, XAD-4 (i.e., they were hydrophobic relative to the XAD-4 resin). The fraction sorbed on XAD-4 resin was called XAD-4 acids because it represented approximately 85-90% of the hydrophilic XAD-8 acid fraction according to the original XAD-8 fractionation procedure. The recovery of hydrophobic acids (fulvic acids and humic acids) and the hydrophobic neutral fraction from XAD-8 resin was essentially quantitative at 96%, 98%, and 86%, respectively. The recovery of XAD-4 acids from the XAD-4 resin was only about 50%. The exact reason for this moderately low recovery is unknown, but could result from ??-?? bonding between these organic solutes and the aromatic matrix of XAD-4. The hydrophobic/hydrophilic solute separation on XAD-8 resin for water from background Side A and Side B of the lake was almost identical at 65 and 67%, respectively. This result suggested that both sides of the lake are similar in organic chemical composition even though the DOC variation from side to side is 20%.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environment International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0160-4120(92)90027-2","issn":"01604120","usgsCitation":"Malcolm, R., and MacCarthy, P., 1992, Quantitative evaluation of XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins used in tandem for removing organic solutes from water: Environment International, v. 18, no. 6, p. 597-607, https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(92)90027-2.","startPage":"597","endPage":"607","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":499877,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/9eb6773467144df0b779c5a985f4581f","text":"External Repository"},{"id":205568,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(92)90027-2"},{"id":224898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9217e4b0c8380cd80655","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malcolm, Ronald L.","contributorId":46075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malcolm","given":"Ronald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacCarthy, P.","contributorId":88081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacCarthy","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016826,"text":"70016826 - 1992 - A new model for tabular-type uranium deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-03T17:50:11.837352","indexId":"70016826","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new model for tabular-type uranium deposits","docAbstract":"<p><span>Tabular-type uranium deposits occur as tabular, originally subhorizontal bodies entirely within reduced fluvial sandstones of Late Silurian age or younger. This paper proposes that belts of tabular-type uranium deposits formed in areas of mixed local and regional ground-water discharge shortly after deposition of the host sediments. The general characteristics of tabular-type uranium deposits, especially the most studied deposits, those in the Uravan mineral belt, Henry basin, and Grants uranium region, indicate that their essential feature was the formation at a density-stratified ground-water interface in areas of local and regional ground-water discharge. Reconstruction of the paleohydrogeology is the key to understanding the formation of these deposits. Gravity-driven ground water recharged in major highlands and discharged in lowlands at major concave changes in paleotopographic slope. Shallow local and deep regional ground-water systems were characterized by dilute and saline water, respectively. Typically, underlying marine rocks, especially evaporites, provided the solutes to the deep regional ground water. A density-stabilized interface existed at the ground-water divide between local and regional flow systems. Tabular-type uranium deposits formed where these divides or interfaces intersected pockets of reduction where organic matter accumulated. The precipitation of humate and uranium at an interface accounts for the tabular shape and the tendency of deposits to rise stratigraphically into the basin. Geologic ground-water controls that favor discharge, such as the pinch-out of major aquifers, are also favorable for uranium ore. The combination of topographic and geologic features that both cause discharge is most favorable for ore deposition.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.87.8.2041","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Sanford, R., 1992, A new model for tabular-type uranium deposits: Economic Geology, v. 87, no. 8, p. 2041-2055, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.87.8.2041.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2041","endPage":"2055","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224946,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4abe4b0c8380cd46818","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, R.F.","contributorId":38562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016829,"text":"70016829 - 1992 - Analysis of geomagnetic secular variation during 1980-1985 and 1985- 1990, and geomagnetic models proposed for the 1991 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-24T11:15:40.730401","indexId":"70016829","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2310,"text":"Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of geomagnetic secular variation during 1980-1985 and 1985- 1990, and geomagnetic models proposed for the 1991 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field","docAbstract":"<div id=\"article-overiew-abstract-wrap\"><p class=\"global-para-14\">The secular variation of the main geomagnetic field during the periods 1980-1985 and 1985-1990 was analyzed in terms of spherical harmonics up to the eighth degree and order. Data from worldwide magnetic observatories and the Navy's Project MAGNET aerial surveys were used. The resulting pair of secular-variation models was used to update the Definitive Geomagnetic Reference Field (DGRF) model for 1980, resulting in new main-field models for 1985.0 and 1990.0. These, along with the secular-variation model for 1985-1990, were proposed for the 1991 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF).</p></div><div id=\"datarepo-wrap\"><br></div><div id=\"article-overiew-references-wrap\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"J-STAGE","doi":"10.5636/jgg.44.735","usgsCitation":"Peddie, N., 1992, Analysis of geomagnetic secular variation during 1980-1985 and 1985- 1990, and geomagnetic models proposed for the 1991 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field: Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity, v. 44, no. 9, p. 735-743, https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.44.735.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"735","endPage":"743","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479616,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.44.735","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":224949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb15e4b0c8380cd48bec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peddie, N.W.","contributorId":75911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peddie","given":"N.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016835,"text":"70016835 - 1992 - Riparian vegetation recovery patterns following stream channelization: A geomorphic perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-18T14:32:33.327016","indexId":"70016835","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Riparian vegetation recovery patterns following stream channelization: A geomorphic perspective","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hundreds of kilometres of West Tennessee streams have been channelized since the turn of the century. After a stream is straightened, dredged, or cleared, basinwide ecologic, hydrologic, and geomorphic processes bring about an integrated, characteristic recovery sequence. The rapid pace of channel responses to channelization provides an opportunity to document and interpret vegetation recovery patterns relative to otherwise long—term, concomitant evolution of river geomorphology. Nearly 150 sites along 15 streams were studied in the Obion, Forked Deer, Hatchie, and Wolf River basins. Channels of these streams, except that of the Hatchie River main stem, have undergone major modifications along all or parts of their courses. This paper presents the eco—geomorphic analyses and interpretation of a large multidisciplinary study, with special reference to their interrelated hydrogeomorphic aspects of channel recovery. Quantitative plant ecological analyses were conducted to infer relative bank stability, to identify indicator recovery species, and to determine patterns of vegetation development through the course of accelerated channel evolution. Binary—discriminant and ordination analyses show that distinctive riparian—species patterns reflect a six—stage model of channel evolution and can be used to infer channel stability and hydrogeomorphic conditions. Woody vegetation initially establishes on low— and mid—bank surfaces at the same location and time that bank accretion begins, and corresponds to the site of initial geomorphic restabilization. The linkage of channel bed aggradation, woody vegetation establishment, and bank accretion all lead to recovery of the channel. Pioneer species are hardy and fast growing, and can tolerate moderate amounts of slope instability and sediment deposition; these species include river birch (Betula nigra), black willow (Salix nigra), boxelder (Acer negundo), and silver maple (Acer saccharinum). High stem densities and root—mass development appear to enhance bank stability. Tree—ring analyses suggest that on average 65 yr may be required for recovery after channelization.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1940670","usgsCitation":"Hupp, C.R., 1992, Riparian vegetation recovery patterns following stream channelization: A geomorphic perspective: Ecology, v. 73, no. 4, p. 1209-1226, https://doi.org/10.2307/1940670.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1209","endPage":"1226","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aad80e4b0c8380cd86ef6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":374620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016843,"text":"70016843 - 1992 - Mixed-mode isolation of triazine metabolites from soil and aquifer sediments using automated solid-phase extraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-15T06:00:45","indexId":"70016843","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mixed-mode isolation of triazine metabolites from soil and aquifer sediments using automated solid-phase extraction","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/ac00041a038","issn":"00032700","usgsCitation":"Mills, M.S., and Thurman, E., 1992, Mixed-mode isolation of triazine metabolites from soil and aquifer sediments using automated solid-phase extraction: Analytical Chemistry, v. 64, no. 17, p. 1985-1990, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00041a038.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1985","endPage":"1990","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b81e4b0c8380cd6f5d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, M. S.","contributorId":96279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016860,"text":"70016860 - 1992 - Quiet geomagnetic field representation for all days and latitudes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-24T11:13:19.598695","indexId":"70016860","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2310,"text":"Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quiet geomagnetic field representation for all days and latitudes","docAbstract":"<div id=\"article-overiew-abstract-wrap\"><p class=\"global-para-14\">This paper describes a technique for obtaining the quiet-time geomagnetic field variation expected for all days of the year and distribution of latitudes from a limited set of selected quiet days within a year at a discrete set of locations. We used a data set of observatories operated by Indian and USSR scientists in 1976 and 1977 near 75°E longitude as illustration. Our method relies upon spatial smoothing of the decomposed spectral components. An evaluation of the fidelity of the resulting model shows correlation coefficients usually above 0.9 at the lower latitudes and near 0.7 at the higher latitudes with variations identified as dependent upon season and field element.</p></div><div id=\"datarepo-wrap\"><br></div><div id=\"article-overiew-references-wrap\"><br></div><div id=\"article-overiew-related-wrap\"><br></div><div id=\"figures-tables-wrap\"><br></div><div id=\"author-information-wrap\"><div id=\"author_info_main\"><br></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"J-STAGE","doi":"10.5636/jgg.44.459","usgsCitation":"Campbell, W., Schiffmacher, E., and Arora, B., 1992, Quiet geomagnetic field representation for all days and latitudes: Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity, v. 44, no. 6, p. 459-480, https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.44.459.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"480","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479614,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.44.459","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":224661,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a931ae4b0c8380cd80bfb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, W.H.","contributorId":30749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schiffmacher, E.R.","contributorId":69297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiffmacher","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arora, B.R.","contributorId":85336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arora","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70016861,"text":"70016861 - 1992 - Semiempirical model of soil water hysteresis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T06:12:59","indexId":"70016861","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Semiempirical model of soil water hysteresis","docAbstract":"<p>In order to represent hysteretic soil water retention curves accurately using as few measurements as possible, a new semiempirical model has been developed. It has two postulates related to physical characteristics of the medium, and two parameters, each with a definite physical interpretation, whose values are determined empirically for a given porous medium. One parameter represents the fraction of the pore space that is not subject to Haines jump hysteresis. Its associated postulate is that a single value of this parameter characterizes a given medium, or, equivalently, that the medium is self-similar with respect to the division between hysteretic and nonhysteretic pore space. The second parameter is the effective body-to-neck size ratio of the medium's largest pore. The second postulate specifies a particular relation between the size distributions of pore bodies and of pore necks. Tests of the model show that it provides high-quality optimized fits to measured water content vs. matric pressure wetting curves for a wide variety of media. The parameter values obtained through optimization correlate plausibly with such media properties as uniformity of particles, complexity of structure, and degree of compaction. A practical use of this model is to provide a complete simulated main wetting curve for a medium where only a main drying curve and two points on the wetting curve have been measured. With additional development, it may be possible to do without the two measured wetting points if parameters can be evaluated from other measurements or known properties of the medium.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600060011x","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J., 1992, Semiempirical model of soil water hysteresis: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 56, no. 6, p. 1723-1730, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600060011x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1723","endPage":"1730","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d0ee4b08c986b318248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, J. R. 0000-0001-8191-1727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":58304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016863,"text":"70016863 - 1992 - General circulation model simulations of winter and summer sea-level pressures over North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-14T14:27:11.909057","indexId":"70016863","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"General circulation model simulations of winter and summer sea-level pressures over North America","docAbstract":"<p>Temporal variability of synoptic-scale circulation is a dominant factor in regional temporal climate variations. In the midlatitudes, temporal variability of synoptic-scale circulation has been found to be related to temporal variations in regional air temperature and precipitation. General circulation model (GCM) simulations of long-term changes in synoptic-scale circulation may be useful in assessing the effects of climate change on regional air temperature and precipitation.</p><p>Atmospheric pressure is an important component of synoptic-scale circulation. In this paper, observed sea-level pressures were used to evaluate winter and summer sea-level pressures over North America simulated by the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) and the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) general circulation models. The objective of the study is to determine how similar the spatial and temporal distributions of GCM-simulated daily sea-level pressures over North America are to observed distributions.</p><p>Overall, both models are better at reproducing observed within-season variance of winter and summer sea-level pressures than they are at simulating the magnitude of mean winter and summer sea-level pressures. Results indicate that winter sea-level pressures are better simulated by the GISS model than by the GFDL model. The GFDL model simulates anomalously high winter sea-level pressures over north-eastern North America. In summer, the GISS model underestimates sea-level pressures, whereas the GFDL model overestimates sea-level pressures over most of North America. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests indicate that much of the error in model simulations can be attributed to differences between simulated and observed means. Comparisons of spatial correlation matrices of observed and simulated sea-level pressures indicate that GCMs simulate spatial variability of sea-level pressures that is similar to observed. These results suggest that GCMs are able to simulate major components of synoptic-scale circulation over North America, especially for winter.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1002/joc.3370120805","issn":"08998418","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G.J., and Legates, D., 1992, General circulation model simulations of winter and summer sea-level pressures over North America: International Journal of Climatology, v. 12, no. 8, p. 815-827, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370120805.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"815","endPage":"827","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224664,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-11-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1500e4b0c8380cd54c72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G. J. Jr.","contributorId":77551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Legates, D.R.","contributorId":58402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legates","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016868,"text":"70016868 - 1992 - Toward digital geologic map standards: a progress report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:51","indexId":"70016868","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Toward digital geologic map standards: a progress report","docAbstract":"Establishing modern scientific and technical standards for geologic maps and their derivative map products is vital to both producers and users of such maps as we move into an age of digital cartography. Application of earth-science data in complex geographic information systems, acceleration of geologic map production, and reduction of population costs require that national standards be developed for digital geologic cartography and computer analysis. Since December 1988, under commission of the Chief Geologic of the U.S. Geological Survey and the mandate of the National Geologic Mapping Program (with added representation from the Association of American State Geologists), a committee has been designing a comprehensive set of scientific map standards. Three primary issues were: (1) selecting scientific symbology and its digital representation; (2) creating an appropriate digital coding system that characterizes geologic features with respect to their physical properties, stratigraphic and structural relations, spatial orientation, and interpreted mode of origin; and (3) developing mechanisms for reporting levels of certainty for descriptive as well as measured properties. Approximately 650 symbols for geoscience maps, including present usage of the U.S Geological Survey, state geological surveys, industry, and academia have been identified and tentatively adopted. A proposed coding system comprises four-character groupings of major and minor codes that can identify all attributes of a geologic feature. Such a coding system allows unique identification of as many as 105 geologic names and values on a given map. The new standard will track closely the latest developments of the Proposed Standard for Digital Cartographic Data soon to be submitted to the National Institute of Standards and Technology by the Federal Interagency Coordinating Committee on Digital Cartography. This standard will adhere generally to the accepted definitions and specifications for spatial data transfer. It will require separate specifications of digital cartographic quality relating to positional accuracy and ranges of measured and interpreted values such as geologic age and rock composition. Provisional digital geologic map standards will be published for trial implementation. After approximately two years, when comments on the proposed standards have been solicited and modifications made, formal adoption of the standards will be recommended. Widespread acceptance of the new standards will depend on their applicability to the broadest range of earth-science map products and their adaptability to changing cartographic technology.","largerWorkTitle":"ASTM Special Technical Publication","conferenceTitle":"International Symposium on Mapping and Geographic Information Systems","conferenceDate":"21 June 1990 through 22 June 1990","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASTM","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA, United States","issn":"10403094","usgsCitation":"Ulrech, G.E., Reynolds, M.W., and Taylor, R.B., 1992, Toward digital geologic map standards: a progress report, <i>in</i> ASTM Special Technical Publication, no. 1126, San Francisco, CA, USA, 21 June 1990 through 22 June 1990, p. 18-29.","startPage":"18","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"1126","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5b6e4b08c986b32684c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ulrech, George E.","contributorId":51471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulrech","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Mitchell W. 0000-0002-9966-3896 mwreynol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9966-3896","contributorId":4641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Mitchell","email":"mwreynol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":374700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Richard B.","contributorId":19539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70016869,"text":"70016869 - 1992 - Large lake basins of the southern High Plains: Ground-water control of their origin?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T19:03:33.503198","indexId":"70016869","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large lake basins of the southern High Plains: Ground-water control of their origin?","docAbstract":"<p>The origin of the ∼40-50 topographically large lake basins on the southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico has been an enigma. Previous workers have considered deflation or evaporite dissolution at depth and subsequent collapse as the most probable mechanisms. However, the eolian hypotheses have been unable to provide convincing arguments as to how the wind selectively erodes the thick, deflation-resistant calcrete \"caprock\" that is persistent over much of the southern High Plains. Furthermore, recent detailed studies on some of the basins show no significant evaporite dissolution at depth, and neither mechanism offers a satisfactory explanation as to why the basins are almost universally associated with subsurface topographic highs, or why they are absent where the High Plains aquifer thickness exceeds 60 m. We address these latter concerns and modify the deflation hypothesis by proposing that the calcrete caprock may never have been deposited in the areas now occupied by the basins. The absence of calcrete deposition is proposed to have resulted from high water tables caused by an increase in hydraulic gradient where aquifers thinned above bedrock highs. A high water table close to and/or intersecting the surface prevents deposition of calcrete, and, thus, the uncemented surface would be more susceptible to deflation than the surrounding calcrete-covered areas after decline of the water table. The rise in water table associated with bedrock highs is documented by numerical simulation using boundary conditions and hydrologic parameters representative of the southern High Plains.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0535:LLBOTS>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., Sanford, W., and Reeves, C., 1992, Large lake basins of the southern High Plains: Ground-water control of their origin?: Geology, v. 20, no. 6, p. 535-538, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0535:LLBOTS>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"535","endPage":"538","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a447be4b0c8380cd66b4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, W.W.","contributorId":21974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reeves, C.C. Jr.","contributorId":26080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"C.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70016876,"text":"70016876 - 1992 - New look at regional flood-frequency relations for arid lands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T07:49:38","indexId":"70016876","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New look at regional flood-frequency relations for arid lands","docAbstract":"A new method is proposed that combines records for several streamflow-gaging stations, as in the station-year approach, and produces regional flood-frequency relations using an iterative regression technique. This technique eliminates the need to extrapolate the flood-frequency relation to the flood probability of interest. The resulting multiparameter regional flood-frequency relation is based on all the available annual peak-flow data. The method was applied to a group of records from 42 gaging stations in Nevada with many years of no flow and with many poorly defined flood-frquency relations. One- and two-parameter models were developed in which much of the variance in peak discharge is explained by drainage area. The log-Pearson type III and Weibull probability distributions were used in the models. Part of the error is directly assessed using randomly selected subsamples of the annual peak discharges. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1992)118:6(868)","usgsCitation":"Hjalmarson, H., and Thomas, B.E., 1992, New look at regional flood-frequency relations for arid lands: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 118, no. 6, p. 868-886, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1992)118:6(868).","startPage":"868","endPage":"886","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":269427,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1992)118:6(868)"},{"id":224855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65e3e4b0c8380cd72c87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hjalmarson, H. W.","contributorId":95872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hjalmarson","given":"H. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, B. E.","contributorId":90767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016882,"text":"70016882 - 1992 - Wave-current interaction in the bottom boundary layer during storm and non-storm conditions: Observations and model predictions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-30T00:32:17.566978","indexId":"70016882","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wave-current interaction in the bottom boundary layer during storm and non-storm conditions: Observations and model predictions","docAbstract":"<p>Bottom boundary layer measurements of current velocity profiles and bed response under combined wave and current conditions were obtained at a water depth of 145 m on the shelf off central California during December 1988. High quality logarithmic current profiles, excellent time-series bottom photographs, and a large variation in the relative strengths of the wave-induced oscillatory currents and the quasi-steady low frequency currents provided a dataset that is ideal for examining the effects of wave-current interaction near a rough boundary. During one period of 3 days that included a brief storm event, the wave-induced bottom currents (Ub 1 10) ranged from 2.3 to 22 cm s-1 and the steady currents (Ur) ranged from 1.8 to 28.1 cm s-1 at 0.18 m above the bottom; the ratio Ub U18 varied from below 0.2 to more than 7. Velocity profiles were highly logarithmic (R2 &gt; 0.95) 60% of the time and 27 profiles collected at 2-h intervals had R2 {slanted equal to or greater-than} 0.994 which allowed reliable estimates of the current shear velocity (U*c) and roughness length (zoc). Mean U*c values had magnitudes of 0.3-2.4 cm s-1 and zoc, which ranged from 0.04 to 3.5 cm, was strongly correlated to the Ub U18 ratio. Drag coefficients (CD = ??c/??U1002) ranged from about 2.5 ?? 10-3-12 ?? 10-3 in direct response to the wave-current variation; the use of a constant CD of 3 ?? 10-3 for steady flow over a rough bed would have underpredicted the shear stress by up to four times during the storm event. The large zoc and U*c values cannot be explained by changes in the carefully-observed, small (&lt;1 cm) physical bed roughness elements that covered the mud-rich study site. A side-scan sonar site survey also eliminated the possibility of flow disturbance by larger upstream topography. The observations clearly demonstrate the importance of wave-current interaction near a rough boundary. Comparison of the observations with results of the combined flow models of Grant and Madsen and Glenn show the models provide good predictions of U*c and zoc when the waves are characterized by either H 1 3 or H 1 10.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0278-4343(92)90058-R","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Drake, D., and Cacchione, D., 1992, Wave-current interaction in the bottom boundary layer during storm and non-storm conditions: Observations and model predictions: Continental Shelf Research, v. 12, no. 12, p. 1331-1352, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(92)90058-R.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1331","endPage":"1352","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224950,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcf99e4b08c986b32e9c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":374753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016887,"text":"70016887 - 1992 - Remote sensing of water clarity and suspended sediments in coastal waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:50","indexId":"70016887","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Remote sensing of water clarity and suspended sediments in coastal waters","docAbstract":"Processing of data for estimation of suspended sediment concentrations and water clarity in turbid coastal water requires three components: (1) correction of raw data to water reflectance; (2) establishment of appropriate general models relating reflectance characteristics to materials in the water; and (3) determination of the coefficients of the models appropriate for the area under study. This paper presents equations and procedures appropriate for this processing. It provides example coefficients and data for the NOAA advanced very high resolution radiometer, which is the most appropriate sensor for investigating larger estuaries and turbid coastal systems until the launch of an ocean color imager (SeaWiFS) in late 1993.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1st Thematic Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments","conferenceDate":"15 June 1992 through 17 June 1992","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by Int Soc for Optical Engineering","publisherLocation":"Bellingham, WA, United States","issn":"0277786X","usgsCitation":"Stumpf, R.P., 1992, Remote sensing of water clarity and suspended sediments in coastal waters, <i>in</i> Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 1930, no. pt 1, New Orleans, LA, USA, 15 June 1992 through 17 June 1992, p. 293-305.","startPage":"293","endPage":"305","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1930","issue":"pt 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa70de4b0c8380cd851d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumpf, R. P.","contributorId":30649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumpf","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016888,"text":"70016888 - 1992 - Evaluation of models proposed for the 1991 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-24T11:10:48.796282","indexId":"70016888","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2310,"text":"Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of models proposed for the 1991 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field","docAbstract":"<div id=\"article-overiew-abstract-wrap\"><p class=\"global-para-14\">The 1991 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) comprises a definitive main-field model for 1985.0, amain-field model for 1990.0, and a forecast secular-variation model for the period 1990-1995. The five 1985.0 main-field models and five 1990.0 main-field models that were proposed have been evaluated by comparing them with one another, with magnetic observatory data, and with Project MAGNET aerial survey data. The three secular-variation models that were proposed have also been compared with one another, and with estimates of recent rates of change at the observatories. The comparisons indicate that the main-field models proposed by IZMIRAN, and the secular-variation model proposed jointly by the British Geological Survey and the U. S. Naval Oceanographic Office, should be assigned relatively lower weight in the derivation of the new IGRF models.</p></div><div id=\"datarepo-wrap\"><br></div><div id=\"article-overiew-references-wrap\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"J-STAGE","doi":"10.5636/jgg.44.793","usgsCitation":"Peddie, N., 1992, Evaluation of models proposed for the 1991 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field: Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity, v. 44, no. 9, p. 793-803, https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.44.793.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"793","endPage":"803","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487323,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.44.793","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":225037,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c9ce4b0c8380cd52c0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peddie, N.W.","contributorId":75911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peddie","given":"N.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016896,"text":"70016896 - 1992 - Age and nature of the basement in northeastern Washington and northern Idaho: isotopic evidence from Mesozoic and Cenozoic granitoids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-14T00:19:55.863815","indexId":"70016896","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and nature of the basement in northeastern Washington and northern Idaho: isotopic evidence from Mesozoic and Cenozoic granitoids","docAbstract":"<div class=\"col-lg-9 article__content\"><div class=\"article__body show-references \"><div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>K-feldspar Pb and whole rock Nd isotopic analyses from 25 Mesozoic and Cenozoic plutonic rocks and two gneisses from NE Washington and northern Idaho are used to elucidate the age and nature of the concealed cratonic basement. The plutons form two highly distinct isotopie groups: Group I (hornblende-biotite and two-mica plutons of all ages) have Pb isotopie compositions suggesting derivation from rocks of the Belt Supergroup or their metamorphosed equivalents, although Nd isotopie data can only support this model if there was a significant input of juvenile mantle-derived or ancient light REE-depleted material. Group II (hornblende-biotite of Eocene age) have highly retarded Pb isotopie compositions relative to the present day crustal average and require a source region with long-term U (and other LIL) depletion, characteristic of cratonic lower crust. A U-Pb zircon upper intercept age of ca. 2600 Ma obtained from one of the Group II samples, together with Sm-Nd data from the gneisses, indicates possible late-Archean crust at depth, which acted as a source region for Eocene extension-related plutonism. Isotopie compositions and apparent geochemical evolution do not support a direct correlation with the nearest exposed North American Craton in the Wyoming province. If it represents attenuated pre-Mesozoic craton, then it must have been accreted to the craton prior to development of the miogeocline in the Late Proterozoic. Alternatively, it may be part of the Cordilleria terrane accreted to the craton in the Early Cretaceous.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/629622","issn":"00221376","usgsCitation":"Whitehouse, M., Stacey, J.S., and Miller, F.K., 1992, Age and nature of the basement in northeastern Washington and northern Idaho: isotopic evidence from Mesozoic and Cenozoic granitoids: Journal of Geology, v. 100, no. 6, p. 691-701, https://doi.org/10.1086/629622.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"691","endPage":"701","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225188,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8dee4b0c8380cd47f1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitehouse, M.J.","contributorId":87699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehouse","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stacey, J. S.","contributorId":72785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, F. K.","contributorId":10803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70016909,"text":"70016909 - 1992 - A revised configuration of the southern California uplift","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-26T22:43:03.866114","indexId":"70016909","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A revised configuration of the southern California uplift","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15007637\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Recently recovered archival leveling data from southwestern Arizona and adjacent parts of California compel major revisions in the configuration and interpretation of the southern California uplift, both at its culmination and following its partial collapse. Re-examination of the older vertical-control record indicates that similar modifications may be equally appropriate in any reconsideration of the early-20th-century analogue of the southern California uplift. The impact of these revisions is limited to the southeastern part of the uplift, which is now believed to have projected well into northern Mexico. The chief changes in our earlier reconstructions appear as a sharply diminished isobase gradient south of Cottonwood Pass, dramatically reduced tectonic subsidence centering on the Salton Sea, and short-lived uplift of at least 0.3 m at the latitude of El Centro. A newly refined qualitative interpretation of the data implies contraction and decoupling at the base of the seismogenic zone, in conjunction with right-stepping movement and extension between an en echelon transform pair through the Salton Basin, combining to produce both the regional uplift and concurrently developed and relatively localized differential subsidence within the Salton Trough.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<1577:ARCOTS>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Castle, R.O., and Gilmore, T., 1992, A revised configuration of the southern California uplift: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, no. 12, p. 1577-1591, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<1577:ARCOTS>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1577","endPage":"1591","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224615,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.377710804289,\n              35.310598772768984\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.377710804289,\n              32.09416385544233\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.17067955428904,\n              32.09416385544233\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.17067955428904,\n              35.310598772768984\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.377710804289,\n              35.310598772768984\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e562e4b0c8380cd46d11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Castle, R. O.","contributorId":79880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castle","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilmore, T.D.","contributorId":55830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmore","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016910,"text":"70016910 - 1992 - Improved apparatus for measuring hydraulic conductivity at low water content","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T06:17:16","indexId":"70016910","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improved apparatus for measuring hydraulic conductivity at low water content","docAbstract":"<p>A modification of the steady-state centrifuge method (SSCM) for unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (<i>K</i>) measurement improves the range and adjustability of this method. The modified apparatus allows mechanical adjustments to vary the measured<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;</span>by a factor of 360. In addition, the use of different flow-regulating ceramic materials can give a total<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;</span>range covering about six orders of magnitude. The increment of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;</span>adjustment is a factor of about 1.6. This makes it potentially useful for measuring targeted values of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;</span>or, through a trial and error procedure, of water content (θ). The range extension afforded by this modification has led to the lowest steady-state<span>&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><span>&nbsp;</span>measurement to date: 1.1 × 10<sup>−11</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>m/s at θ of 0.068 m<sup>3</sup>water/m<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for a sandy soil of the Delhi series (mixed, thermic Typic Xeropsamment).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600060017x","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J., Akstin, K., and Mello, K., 1992, Improved apparatus for measuring hydraulic conductivity at low water content: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 56, no. 6, p. 1758-1761, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600060017x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1758","endPage":"1761","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3951e4b0c8380cd618a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, J. R. 0000-0001-8191-1727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":58304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Akstin, K.C.","contributorId":105445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akstin","given":"K.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mello, K.A.","contributorId":54241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mello","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70016914,"text":"70016914 - 1992 - Mineralogy and geochemistry of two metamorphosed sedimentary manganese deposits, Sierra Nevada, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-22T20:26:40","indexId":"70016914","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2588,"text":"LITHOS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralogy and geochemistry of two metamorphosed sedimentary manganese deposits, Sierra Nevada, California, USA","docAbstract":"Laminated to massive rhodochrosite, hausmannite, and Mn-silicates from the Smith prospect and Manga-Chrome mine, Sierra Nevada, California were deposited as ocean floor sediments associated with chert and shale. The principal lithologies at Smith are chert, argillite, rhodochrosite-, hausmannite- and chlorite-rich layers, and relatively uncommon layers of jacobsite. The Manga-Chrome mine also contains layers rich in manganoan calcite and caryopilite. Tephroite, rhodonite, spessartine, and accessory alleghanyite and sonolite formed during metamorphism. Volcaniclastic components are present at Manga-Chrome as metavolcanic clasts and as Mn-poor, red, garnet- and hematite-rich layers. There is no evidence, such as relict lithologies, that Mn was introduced into Mn-poor lithologies such as chert, limestone or mudstone. Replacement of Mn-poor phases by Mn-rich phases is observed only in the groundmass of volcanic clasts that appear to have fallen into soft Mn-rich mud. Manganiferous samples from the Smith prospect and Manga-Chrome mine have high Mn Fe and low concentrations of Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, U, Th and the rare-earth elements that are similar to concentrations reported from other ancient Mn deposits found in chert-greenstone complexes and from manganiferous sediments and crusts that are forming near modern sea floor vents. The Sierra Nevada deposits formed as precipitates of Mn-rich sediments on the sea floor, probably from mixtures of circulating hydrothermal fluids and seawater. The composition of a metabasalt from the Smith prospect is consistent with those of island-arc tholeiites. Metavolcanic clasts from the Manga-Chrome mine are compositionally distinct from the Smith metabasalt and have alkaline to calc-alkaline affinities. A back-arc basin is considered to be the most likely paleoenvironment for the formation of the Mn-rich lenses at the Manga-Chrome mine and, by association, the Smith prospect. Layers of rhodochrosite, hausmannite and chert preserve the composition and some textures of the sedimentary protoliths at both Sierra Nevada deposits. Jacobsite-rich layers probably represent a Fe-rich protolith. Caryopilite and manganoan calcite represent additional protoliths at the Manga-Chrome mine. The metamorphic assemblage prehnite-chlorite-epidote-calcite in a metabasalt from the Smith prospect constrains regional metamorphic conditions to a maximum temperature of 325??C and a pressure of 2 kbar. Slightly higher temperatures are indicated by the presence of actinolite in another metabasalt. Compositions of Mn-rich minerals in Smith samples are consistent with these metamorphic conditions. ?? 1992.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"LITHOS","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0024-4937(92)90034-V","issn":"00244937","usgsCitation":"Flohr, M., and Huebner, J., 1992, Mineralogy and geochemistry of two metamorphosed sedimentary manganese deposits, Sierra Nevada, California, USA: LITHOS, v. 29, no. 1-2, p. 57-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(92)90034-V.","startPage":"57","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267961,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(92)90034-V"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5abbe4b0c8380cd6f0b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flohr, M.J.K.","contributorId":73753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flohr","given":"M.J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huebner, J.S.","contributorId":41422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huebner","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016916,"text":"70016916 - 1992 - Incorporation and redistribution of locally derived lithic fragments within a pyroclastic flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T20:30:13.479422","indexId":"70016916","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporation and redistribution of locally derived lithic fragments within a pyroclastic flow","docAbstract":"<p><span>The lower Miocene Peach Springs Tuff exposed in the Newberry Mountains, California, was deposited within a paleovalley trending S65°W. Exposures within the paleovalley contain lithic breccia intercalated with ash-rich ignimbrite. The clast assemblage of the lithic breccias matches the rock types of the paleovalley walls, and therefore the clasts were not derived from a distant eruptive vent. Flow direction, breccia bed thickness, grain-size data, and sedimentary textures indicate that the lithic breccias were deposited from density currents within the pyroclastic flow that moved down tributaries and into the main paleovalley to be intermingled with the ash-rich pyroclastic flow. A model is proposed whereby a turbulent boundary layer at the base of the pyroclastic flow is induced by surface roughness of the substrate and incorporates loose material from the substrate to produce a high-density ground layer that decouples from the lower-density, ash-rich pyroclastic flow. After decoupling has occurred, the high-density, lithic-rich ground layer moves independently from the ash-rich pyroclastic flow. The lithic breccia horizons have many characteristics of proximal (lag) breccias, and caution must be used when inferring distance from vent in ancient ignimbrites based on the occurrence of coarse breccias.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<1193:IAROLD>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Buesch, D., 1992, Incorporation and redistribution of locally derived lithic fragments within a pyroclastic flow: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, no. 9, p. 1193-1207, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<1193:IAROLD>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1193","endPage":"1207","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39ede4b0c8380cd61ab0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buesch, D.C. 0000-0002-4978-5027","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-5027","contributorId":73633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buesch","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016922,"text":"70016922 - 1992 - Comparison of three newton-like nonlinear least-squares methods for estimating parameters of ground-water flow models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:52","indexId":"70016922","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparison of three newton-like nonlinear least-squares methods for estimating parameters of ground-water flow models","docAbstract":"Three methods of solving nonlinear least-squares problems were compared for robustness and efficiency using a series of hypothetical and field problems. A modified Gauss-Newton/full Newton hybrid method (MGN/FN) and an analogous method for which part of the Hessian matrix was replaced by a quasi-Newton approximation (MGN/QN) solved some of the problems with appreciably fewer iterations than required using only a modified Gauss-Newton (MGN) method. In these problems, model nonlinearity and a large variance for the observed data apparently caused MGN to converge more slowly than MGN/FN or MGN/QN after the sum of squared errors had almost stabilized. Other problems were solved as efficiently with MGN as with MGN/FN or MGN/QN. Because MGN/FN can require significantly more computer time per iteration and more computer storage for transient problems, it is less attractive for a general purpose algorithm than MGN/QN.","largerWorkTitle":"Finite Elements in Water Resources, Proceedings of the International Conference","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources","conferenceDate":"1 June 1992 through 1 June 1992","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by Computational Mechanics Publ","publisherLocation":"Southampton, United Kingdom","usgsCitation":"Cooley, R., and Hill, M.C., 1992, Comparison of three newton-like nonlinear least-squares methods for estimating parameters of ground-water flow models, <i>in</i> Finite Elements in Water Resources, Proceedings of the International Conference, v. 1, Denver, CO, USA, 1 June 1992 through 1 June 1992, p. 379-386.","startPage":"379","endPage":"386","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8b3e4b0c8380cd4d238","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooley, R.L.","contributorId":9272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooley","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, M. C.","contributorId":48993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016924,"text":"70016924 - 1992 - Sampling design for spatially distributed hydrogeologic and environmental processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-01T17:25:04.145988","indexId":"70016924","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sampling design for spatially distributed hydrogeologic and environmental processes","docAbstract":"<p><span>A methodology for the design of sampling networks over space is proposed. The methodology is based on spatial random field representations of nonhomogeneous natural processes, and on optimal spatial estimation techniques. One of the most important results of random field theory for physical sciences is its rationalization of correlations in spatial variability of natural processes. This correlation is extremely important both for interpreting spatially distributed observations and for predictive performance. The extent of site sampling and the types of data to be collected will depend on the relationship of subsurface variability to predictive uncertainty. While hypothesis formulation and initial identification of spatial variability characteristics are based on scientific understanding (such as knowledge of the physics of the underlying phenomena, geological interpretations, intuition and experience), the support offered by field data is statistically modelled. This model is not limited by the geometric nature of sampling and covers a wide range in subsurface uncertainties. A factorization scheme of the sampling error variance is derived, which possesses certain atttactive properties allowing significant savings in computations. By means of this scheme, a practical sampling design procedure providing suitable indices of the sampling error variance is established. These indices can be used by way of multiobjective decision criteria to obtain the best sampling strategy. Neither the actual implementation of the in-situ sampling nor the solution of the large spatial estimation systems of equations are necessary. The required values of the accuracy parameters involved in the network design are derived using reference charts (readily available for various combinations of data configurations and spatial variability parameters) and certain simple yet accurate analytical formulas. Insight is gained by applying the proposed sampling procedure to realistic examples related to sampling problems in two dimensions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0309-1708(92)90008-P","usgsCitation":"Christakos, G., and Olea, R., 1992, Sampling design for spatially distributed hydrogeologic and environmental processes: Advances in Water Resources, v. 15, no. 4, p. 219-237, https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1708(92)90008-P.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"237","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224858,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ab079e4b0c8380cd87b19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christakos, G.","contributorId":87685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christakos","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":26436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":374872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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