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Differences in digestive function between species of dimorphic ungulates render interspecific comparisons of fecal nitrogen unreliable; however, whether intraspecific sexual differences in digestive function also bias this nutritional index is unknown. Our objective was to compare sex-specific variation in concentration of fecal nitrogen using male, nonlactating female, and lactating female white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) on high- and low-quality diets. During weekly trials over spring and summer (2008-2009), we monitored intake rates, collected feces twice daily, and used micro-Kjeldahl procedures to determine percent fecal nitrogen. We also determined nitrogen content of feces following a neutral detergent fiber (NDF) rinse during pre-, peak, and postlactation. Fecal nitrogen reflected general differences in dietary quality between diets; however, fecal nitrogen of lactating females in both dietary groups was lower than for males or nonlactating females throughout lactation. Nitrogen concentration following an NDF rinse also was lower for lactating females during peak lactation. We hypothesize that the remodeling of the digestive tract and increased rumination by lactating females may enhance their ability to extract nitrogen from their forage. These adjustments may expand the foraging options of lactating females by increasing their ability to process low-quality foods, but also affects the interpretation of fecal nitrogen during the season of lactation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1644/12-MAMM-A-306.1","collaboration":"South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; Department of Natural Resource Management at South Dakota State University; Idaho State Univ; Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol; S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management; Oklahoma State Univ","usgsCitation":"Monteith, K.B., Monteith, K.L., Bowyer, R., Leslie, D.M., and Jenks, J., 2014, Reproductive effects on fecal nitrogen as an index of diet quality: an experimental assessment: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 95, no. 2, p. 301-310, https://doi.org/10.1644/12-MAMM-A-306.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036542","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558931d7e4b0b6d21dd61c12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Monteith, Kyle B.","contributorId":141463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monteith, Kevin L.","contributorId":83400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowyer, R. Terry","contributorId":9533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowyer","given":"R. Terry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. 0000-0002-3884-1484 cleslie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-1484","contributorId":2483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":549067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":51591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70098431,"text":"ofr20141059 - 2014 - Spatial and stratigraphic distribution of water in oil shale of the Green River Formation using Fischer Assay, Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-14T11:29:07","indexId":"ofr20141059","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-14T11:22:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1059","title":"Spatial and stratigraphic distribution of water in oil shale of the Green River Formation using Fischer Assay, Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"The spatial and stratigraphic distribution of water in oil shale of the Eocene Green River Formation in the Piceance Basin of northwestern Colorado was studied in detail using some 321,000 Fischer assay analyses in the U.S. Geological Survey oil-shale database. The oil-shale section was subdivided into 17 roughly time-stratigraphic intervals, and the distribution of water in each interval was assessed separately. This study was conducted in part to determine whether water produced during retorting of oil shale could provide a significant amount of the water needed for an oil-shale industry. Recent estimates of water requirements vary from 1 to 10 barrels of water per barrel of oil produced, depending on the type of retort process used. Sources of water in Green River oil shale include (1) free water within clay minerals; (2) water from the hydrated minerals nahcolite (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>), dawsonite (NaAl(OH)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>), and analcime (NaAlSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>.H<sub>2</sub>0); and (3) minor water produced from the breakdown of organic matter in oil shale during retorting. The amounts represented by each of these sources vary both stratigraphically and areally within the basin. Clay is the most important source of water in the lower part of the oil-shale interval and in many basin-margin areas. Nahcolite and dawsonite are the dominant sources of water in the oil-shale and saline-mineral depocenter, and analcime is important in the upper part of the formation. Organic matter does not appear to be a major source of water. The ratio of water to oil generated with retorting is significantly less than 1:1 for most areas of the basin and for most stratigraphic intervals; thus water within oil shale can provide only a fraction of the water needed for an oil-shale industry.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141059","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., Mercier, T.J., and Brownfield, M.E., 2014, Spatial and stratigraphic distribution of water in oil shale of the Green River Formation using Fischer Assay, Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1059, iv, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141059.","productDescription":"iv, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050922","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286311,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141059.jpg"},{"id":286310,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1059/pdf/ofr2014-1059.pdf"},{"id":286309,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1059/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Green River;Piceance Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,43.0 ], [ -107.0,43.0 ], [ -107.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,39.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517064e4b05569d805a3c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mercier, Tracey J. 0000-0002-8232-525X tmercier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-525X","contributorId":2847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercier","given":"Tracey","email":"tmercier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048373,"text":"70048373 - 2014 - Uncertainty, robustness, and the value of information in managing a population of northern bobwhites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-11T14:38:01","indexId":"70048373","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T14:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncertainty, robustness, and the value of information in managing a population of northern bobwhites","docAbstract":"The abundance of northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) has decreased throughout their range. Managers often respond by considering improvements in harvest and habitat management practices, but this can be challenging if substantial uncertainty exists concerning the cause(s) of the decline. We were interested in how application of decision science could be used to help managers on a large, public management area in southwestern Florida where the bobwhite is a featured species and where abundance has severely declined. We conducted a workshop with managers and scientists to elicit management objectives, alternative hypotheses concerning population limitation in bobwhites, potential management actions, and predicted management outcomes. Using standard and robust approaches to decision making, we determined that improved water management and perhaps some changes in hunting practices would be expected to produce the best management outcomes in the face of uncertainty about what is limiting bobwhite abundance. We used a criterion called the expected value of perfect information to determine that a robust management strategy may perform nearly as well as an optimal management strategy (i.e., a strategy that is expected to perform best, given the relative importance of different management objectives) with all uncertainty resolved. We used the expected value of partial information to determine that management performance could be increased most by eliminating uncertainty over excessive-harvest and human-disturbance hypotheses. Beyond learning about the factors limiting bobwhites, adoption of a dynamic management strategy, which recognizes temporal changes in resource and environmental conditions, might produce the greatest management benefit. Our research demonstrates that robust approaches to decision making, combined with estimates of the value of information, can offer considerable insight into preferred management approaches when great uncertainty exists about system dynamics and the effects of management.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.682","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., Hagan, G., Palmer, W., and Kemmerer, M., 2014, Uncertainty, robustness, and the value of information in managing a population of northern bobwhites: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 78, no. 3, p. 531-539, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.682.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"531","endPage":"539","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-046114","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286305,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286304,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.682"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Charlotte County","otherGeospatial":"Fred C. Babcock/cecil M. Webb Wildlife Management Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.973436,26.798844 ], [ -81.973436,26.94691 ], [ -81.759653,26.94691 ], [ -81.759653,26.798844 ], [ -81.973436,26.798844 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"78","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706ce4b05569d805a42b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagan, Greg","contributorId":60129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagan","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Palmer, William E.","contributorId":64157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"William E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kemmerer, Michael","contributorId":85090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemmerer","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70094373,"text":"fs20143011 - 2014 - Characterization of stormwater at selected South Carolina Department of Transportation maintenance yards and section shed facilities in Ballentine, Conway, and North Charleston, South Carolina, 2010-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T11:41:04","indexId":"fs20143011","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T14:16:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3011","title":"Characterization of stormwater at selected South Carolina Department of Transportation maintenance yards and section shed facilities in Ballentine, Conway, and North Charleston, South Carolina, 2010-12","docAbstract":"<p>Increased impervious surfaces (driveways, parking lots, and buildings) and human activities (residential, industrial, and commercial) have been linked to substantial changes in both the quality and quantity of stormwater on a watershed scale (Brabec and others, 2002; Pitt and Maestre, 2005). Small-scale storage and equipment repair facilities increase impervious surfaces that prevent infiltration of stormwater, and these facilities accommodate activities that can introduce trace metals, organic compounds, and other contaminants to the facility’s grounds. Thus, these small facilities may contribute pollutants to the environment during storm events (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1992).</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>The South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) operates section shed and maintenance yard facilities throughout the State. Prior to this investigation, the SCDOT had no data to define the quality of stormwater leaving these facilities. To provide these data, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the SCDOT, conducted an investigation to identify and quantify constituents that are transported in stormwater from two maintenance yards and a section shed in three different areas of South Carolina. The two maintenance yards, in North Charleston and Conway, S.C., were selected because they represent facilities where equipment and road maintenance materials are stored and complete equipment repair operations are conducted. The section shed, in Ballentine, S.C., was selected because it is a facility that stores equipment and road maintenance material. Characterization of the constituents that were transported in stormwater from these representative SCDOT maintenance facilities may be used by the SCDOT in the development of stormwater management plans for similar section shed and maintenance yard facilities throughout the State to improve stormwater quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Journey, C.A., and Conlon, K.J., 2014, Characterization of stormwater at selected South Carolina Department of Transportation maintenance yards and section shed facilities in Ballentine, Conway, and North Charleston, South Carolina, 2010-12: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3011, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143011.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052435","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water 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kjconlon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-368X","contributorId":2561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"Kevin","email":"kjconlon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":490592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70147861,"text":"70147861 - 2014 - Estimating abundances of interacting species using morphological traits, foraging guilds, and habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T13:18:03","indexId":"70147861","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating abundances of interacting species using morphological traits, foraging guilds, and habitat","docAbstract":"<p>We developed a statistical model to estimate the abundances of potentially interacting species encountered while conducting point-count surveys at a set of ecologically relevant locations - as in a metacommunity of species. In the model we assume that abundances of species with similar traits (e.g., body size) are potentially correlated and that these correlations, when present, may exist among all species or only among functionally related species (such as members of the same foraging guild). We also assume that species-specific abundances vary among locations owing to systematic and stochastic sources of heterogeneity. For example, if abundances differ among locations due to differences in habitat, then measures of habitat may be included in the model as covariates. Naturally, the quantitative effects of these covariates are assumed to differ among species. Our model also accounts for the effects of detectability on the observed counts of each species. This aspect of the model is especially important for rare or uncommon species that may be difficult to detect in community-level surveys. Estimating the detectability of each species requires sampling locations to be surveyed repeatedly using different observers or different visits of a single observer. As an illustration, we fitted models to species-specific counts of birds obtained while sampling an avian community during the breeding season. In the analysis we examined whether species abundances appeared to be correlated due to similarities in morphological measures (body mass, beak length, tarsus length, wing length, tail length) and whether these correlations existed among all species or only among species of the same foraging guild. We also used the model to estimate the effects of forested area on species abundances and the effects of sound power output (as measured by body size) on species detection probabilities.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0094323","usgsCitation":"Dorazio, R., and Connor, E., 2014, Estimating abundances of interacting species using morphological traits, foraging guilds, and habitat: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 4, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094323.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045166","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473055,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094323","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2b2e4b0a92fa7e93bdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorazio, Robert M. bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","contributorId":140635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert M.","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connor, Edward F.","contributorId":17503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70098182,"text":"ofr20141058 - 2014 - Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T09:04:51","indexId":"ofr20141058","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1058","title":"Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure","docAbstract":"<p>A panel of leading experts (The Old Faithful Science Review Panel) was convened by Yellowstone National Park (YNP) to review and summarize the geological and hydrological understanding that can inform National Park Service management of the Upper Geyser Basin area. We give an overview of present geological and hydrological knowledge of the Old Faithful hydrothermal (hot water) system and related thermal areas in the Upper Geyser Basin. We prioritize avenues for improving our understanding of key knowledge gaps that limit informed decision-making regarding human use in this fragile natural landscape. Lastly, we offer guidelines to minimize impacts to the hydrothermal system that could be used to aid decisions by park management.</p>\n<p>Old Faithful sits within the Upper Geyser Basin, an area of abundant hydrothermal activity where boiling waters extend from the surface to significant depth within glacial sediments and underlying volcanic rocks. The geyser systems are directly fed by waters recharged decades to millennia ago, which are surrounded by colder, younger waters. Activity of the geysers is controlled by complex subsurface plumbing with fractures and conduits separated by regions of low permeability. Observations over the past century indicate that the thermal areas and their features are both fragile and highly dynamic. Although Old Faithful has erupted regularly for the past 150 years, it exhibits changes in eruptive behavior over time, and the average interval between eruptions has increased by about 50 percent over the past 50 years. It is clear that human activity has modified the hydrothermal system in the past; conversely, natural features pose ongoing hazards to humans and human infrastructure.</p>\n<p>Current (2014) long-term programs to measure heat discharge by chloride-flux monitoring, and more recently by thermal-infrared imaging, are crucial for assessing the status of the hydrothermal system. Complementary studies could include airborne resistivity, environmental tracers, numerical modeling, and greater emphasis on measuring the discharge of water during geyser eruptions. Such data are needed to better understand the subsurface plumbing systems that feed the geysers. Further understanding can be gained through installation of shallow groundwater observation wells, surface geophysical studies, and direct measurement of temperature gradients near the surface. It also is critical to archive existing data from all studies in a manner that will be readily accessible to scientists and decision makers. Monitoring and data collection can be achieved through the YNP geology program, by direct funding to other groups, or by encouraging and facilitating externally funded research.</p>\n<p>There are many documented examples at YNP and elsewhere where human infrastructure and natural thermal features have negatively affected each other. Unless action is taken, human conflicts with the Old Faithful hydrothermal system are likely to increase over the coming years. This is partly because of the increase in park visitation over the past decades, but also because the interval between eruptions of Old Faithful has increased, lengthening the time spent (and services needed) for each visitor at Old Faithful. To avoid an increase in visitor impacts, the National Park Service should consider 2 alternate strategies to accommodate people, vehicles, and services in the Upper Geyser Basin, such as shuttle services from staging (parking and dining) areas with little or no recent hydrothermal activity. We further suggest that YNP consider a zone system to guide maintenance and development of infrastructure in the immediate Old Faithful area. A &ldquo;red&rdquo; zone includes hydrothermally active land where new development is discouraged and existing infrastructure is modified with great care. An outer &ldquo;green&rdquo; zone represents areas where cooler temperatures and less hydrothermal flow are thought to exist, and where development and maintenance could proceed as occurs elsewhere in the park. An intermediate &ldquo;yellow&rdquo; zone would require preliminary assessment of subsurface temperatures and gas concentrations to assess suitability for infrastructure development. The panel recommends that YNP management follow the lead of the National Park System Advisory Board Science Committee (2012) by applying the &ldquo;precautionary principle&rdquo; when making decisions regarding the interaction of hydrothermal phenomena and park infrastructure in the Old Faithful area and other thermal areas within YNP.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141058","issn":"2331-1258","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and the Yellowstone Park Foundation","usgsCitation":"Old Faithful Science Review Panel, Foley, D., Fournier, R.O., Heasler, H.P., Hinckley, B., Ingebritsen, S.E., Lowenstern, J.B., and Susong, D.D., 2014, Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1058, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141058.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051536","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141058.jpg"},{"id":286286,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1058/"},{"id":286287,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1058/pdf/ofr2014-1058.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Old Faithful, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.875,44.45 ], [ -110.875,44.483333 ], [ -110.816667,44.483333 ], [ -110.816667,44.45 ], [ -110.875,44.45 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517047e4b05569d805a260","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Old Faithful Science Review Panel","contributorId":128280,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Old Faithful Science Review Panel","id":535635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foley, Duncan","contributorId":52076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Duncan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fournier, Robert O.","contributorId":73202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heasler, Henry P.","contributorId":65935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heasler","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hinckley, Bern","contributorId":52485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinckley","given":"Bern","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ingebritsen, Steven E. 0000-0001-6917-9369 seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob B. 0000-0003-0464-7779 jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7779","contributorId":2755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","email":"jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Susong, David D. ddsusong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Susong","given":"David","email":"ddsusong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
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,{"id":70101408,"text":"70101408 - 2014 - Hemispheric-scale wind selection facilitates bar-tailed godwit circum-migration of the Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T13:29:09","indexId":"70101408","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T10:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hemispheric-scale wind selection facilitates bar-tailed godwit circum-migration of the Pacific","docAbstract":"The annual 29 000 km long migration of the bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica baueri, around the Pacific Ocean traverses what is arguably the most complex and seasonally structured atmospheric setting on Earth. Faced with marked variation in wind regimes and storm conditions across oceanic migration corridors, individuals must make critical decisions about when and where to fly during nonstop flights of a week's duration or longer. At a minimum, their decisions will affect wind profitability and thus reduce energetic costs of migration; in the extreme, poor decisions or unpredictable weather events will risk survival. We used satellite telemetry to track the annual migration of 24 bar-tailed godwits and analysed their flight performance relative to wind conditions during three major migration legs between nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand and breeding grounds in Alaska. Because flight altitudes of birds en route were unknown, we modelled flight efficiency at six geopotential heights across each migratory segment. Birds selected departure dates when atmospheric conditions conferred the greatest wind assistance both at departure and throughout their flights. This behaviour suggests that there exists a cognitive mechanism, heretofore unknown among migratory birds, that allows godwits to assess changes in weather conditions that are linked (i.e. teleconnected) across widely separated atmospheric regions. Godwits also showed adaptive flexibility in their response not only to cues related to seasonal changes in macrometeorology, such as spatial shifting of storm tracks and temporal periods of cyclogenesis, but also to cues associated with stochastic events, especially at departure sites. Godwits showed limits to their response behaviours, however, especially relative to rapidly developing stochastic events while en route. We found that flight efficiency depended significantly upon altitude and hypothesize that godwits exhibit further adaptive flexibility by varying flight altitude en route to optimize flight efficiency.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020","usgsCitation":"Gill, R., Douglas, D.C., Handel, C.M., Tibbitts, T.L., Hufford, G., and Piersma, T., 2014, Hemispheric-scale wind selection facilitates bar-tailed godwit circum-migration of the Pacific: Animal Behaviour, v. 90, p. 117-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-049323","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020","text":"External Repository"},{"id":286248,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286221,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 100.0,-50.0 ], [ 100.0,70.0 ], [ -140.0,70.0 ], [ -140.0,-50.0 ], [ 100.0,-50.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"90","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517045e4b05569d805a24b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Robert E. 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Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":140455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hufford, Gary","contributorId":106408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hufford","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Piersma, Theunis","contributorId":95369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piersma","given":"Theunis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70093575,"text":"sir20145019 - 2014 - Remediation scenarios for attenuating peak flows and reducing sediment transport in Fountain Creek, Colorado, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-11T08:00:45","indexId":"sir20145019","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T07:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5019","title":"Remediation scenarios for attenuating peak flows and reducing sediment transport in Fountain Creek, Colorado, 2013","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Fountain Creek Watershed, Flood Control and Greenway District assessed remediation scenarios to attenuate peak flows and reduce sediment loads in the Fountain Creek watershed. To evaluate these strategies, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) hydrologic and hydraulic models were employed.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers modeling system HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Modeling System) version 3.5 was used to simulate runoff in the Fountain Creek watershed, Colorado, associated with storms of varying magnitude and duration. Rain-gage precipitation data and radar-based precipitation data from the April 28–30, 1999, and September 14–15, 2011, storm events were used in the calibration process for the HEC-HMS model. The curve number and lag time for each subwatershed and Manning's roughness coefficients for each channel reach were adjusted within an acceptable range so that the simulated and measured streamflow hydrographs for each of the 12 USGS streamgages approximated each other.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers modeling system HEC-RAS (River Analysis System) versions 4.1 and 4.2 were used to simulate streamflow and sediment transport, respectively, for the Fountain Creek watershed generated by a particular storm event. Data from 15 USGS streamgages were used for model calibration and 7 of those USGS streamgages were used for model validation. The calibration process consisted of comparing the simulated water-surface elevations and the cross-section-averaged velocities from the model with those surveyed in the field at the cross section at the corresponding 15 and 7 streamgages, respectively. The final Manning’s roughness coefficients were adjusted between –30 and 30 percent at the 15 calibration streamgages from the original left, right, and channel-averaged Manning's roughness coefficients upon completion of calibration.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers modeling system HEC-RAS version 4.2 was used to simulate streamflow and sediment transport for the Fountain Creek watershed generated by a design-storm event. The Laursen-Copeland sediment-transport function was used in conjunction with the Exner 5 sorting method and the Ruby fall-velocity method to predict sediment transport. Six USGS streamgages equipped with suspended-sediment samplers were used to develop sediment-flow rating curves for the sediment-transport-model calibration. The critical Shields number in the Laursen-Copeland sediment-transport function and the volume of sediment available at a given cross section were adjusted during the HEC-RAS sediment-model calibration process.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>HEC-RAS model simulations used to evaluate the 14 remediation scenarios were based on unsteady-state streamflows associated with a 24-hour, 1-percent annual exceedance probability (100-year) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Type II precipitation event. Scenario 0 represents the baseline or current conditions in the watershed and was used to compare the remaining 13 scenarios. Scenarios 1–8 and 12 rely on side-detention facilities to reduce peak flows and sediment transport. Scenario 9 has a diversion channel, and scenario 10 has a reservoir. Scenarios 11 and 13 incorporate channel armoring and channel widening, respectively. Scenarios 8 and 10, the scenario with the most side-detention facilities, and the scenario with the reservoir, respectively, were the most effective at reducing sediment transport and peak flow at the Pueblo, Colorado, streamgage. Scenarios 8 and 10 altered the peak flow by –58.9 and –56.4 percent, respectively. In turn, scenarios 8 and 10 altered the sediment transport by –17.7 and –62.1 percent, respectively.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145019","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Fountain Creek Watershed, Flood Control and Greenway District","usgsCitation":"Kohn, M.S., Fulton, J.W., Williams, C.A., and Stogner, 2014, Remediation scenarios for attenuating peak flows and reducing sediment transport in Fountain Creek, Colorado, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5019, ix, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145019.","productDescription":"ix, 62 p.","numberOfPages":"76","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053256","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286229,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5019/"},{"id":286236,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5019/pdf/sir2014-5019.pdf"},{"id":286237,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145019.jpg"}],"projection":"Colorado State Plane","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Fountain Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.2998,38.2455 ], [ -105.2998,39.1716 ], [ -104.2993,39.1716 ], [ -104.2993,38.2455 ], [ -105.2998,38.2455 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351705fe4b05569d805a38e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kohn, Michael S. 0000-0002-5989-7700 mkohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-7700","contributorId":4549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohn","given":"Michael","email":"mkohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fulton, John W. 0000-0002-5335-0720 jwfulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-0720","contributorId":2298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"John","email":"jwfulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Cory A. 0000-0003-1461-7848 cawillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-7848","contributorId":689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Cory","email":"cawillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stogner 0000-0002-3185-1452 rstogner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-1452","contributorId":938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stogner","email":"rstogner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70095745,"text":"sir20145039 - 2014 - Development of a regionally consistent geospatial dataset of agricultural lands in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 2007-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T10:35:41","indexId":"sir20145039","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T15:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5039","title":"Development of a regionally consistent geospatial dataset of agricultural lands in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 2007-10","docAbstract":"<p>Irrigation in arid environments can alter the natural rate at which salts are dissolved and transported to streams. Irrigated agricultural lands are the major anthropogenic source of dissolved solids in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB). Understanding the location, spatial distribution, and irrigation status of agricultural lands and the method used to deliver water to agricultural lands are important to help improve the understanding of agriculturally derived dissolved-solids loading to surface water in the UCRB. Irrigation status is the presence or absence of irrigation on an agricultural field during the selected growing season or seasons. Irrigation method is the system used to irrigate a field. Irrigation method can broadly be grouped into sprinkler or flood methods, although other techniques such as drip irrigation are used in the UCRB. Flood irrigation generally causes greater dissolved-solids loading to streams than sprinkler irrigation. Agricultural lands in the UCRB mapped by state agencies at varying spatial and temporal resolutions were assembled and edited to represent conditions in the UCRB between 2007 and 2010. Edits were based on examination of 1-meter resolution aerial imagery collected between 2009 and 2011. Remote sensing classification techniques were used to classify irrigation status for the June to September growing seasons between 2007 and 2010. The final dataset contains polygons representing approximately 1,759,900 acres of agricultural lands in the UCRB. Approximately 66 percent of the mapped agricultural lands were likely irrigated during the study period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145039","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation and Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Buto, S.G., Gold, B.L., and Jones, K.A., 2014, Development of a regionally consistent geospatial dataset of agricultural lands in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 2007-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5039, Report: iv, 20 p.; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145039.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 20 p.; Metadata","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042655","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science 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L. 0000-0002-6446-8855 bgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6446-8855","contributorId":5141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Brittany","email":"bgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Kimberly A. kjones@usgs.gov","contributorId":937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Kimberly","email":"kjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":491422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70094710,"text":"70094710 - 2014 - Variability in wood-frame building damage using broad-band synthetic ground motions: a comparative numerical study with recorded motions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T11:06:28","indexId":"70094710","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T14:37:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2240,"text":"Journal of Earthquake Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variability in wood-frame building damage using broad-band synthetic ground motions: a comparative numerical study with recorded motions","docAbstract":"<p>Earthquake damage to light-frame wood buildings is a major concern for North America because of the volume of this construction type. In order to estimate wood building damage using synthetic ground motions, we need to verify the ability of synthetically generated ground motions to simulate realistic damage for this structure type. Through a calibrated damage potential indicator, four different synthetic ground motion models are compared with the historically recorded ground motions at corresponding sites. We conclude that damage for sites farther from the fault (&gt;20 km) is under-predicted on average and damage at closer sites is sometimes over-predicted.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Earthquake Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/13632469.2013.856822","usgsCitation":"Pei, S., van de Lindt, J.W., Hartzell, S.H., and Luco, N., 2014, Variability in wood-frame building damage using broad-band synthetic ground motions: a comparative numerical study with recorded motions: Journal of Earthquake Engineering, v. 18, no. 3, p. 389-406, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2013.856822.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"389","endPage":"406","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054915","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286219,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706de4b05569d805a437","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pei, Shiling","contributorId":76646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pei","given":"Shiling","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van de Lindt, John W.","contributorId":42133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van de Lindt","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartzell, Stephen H. 0000-0003-0858-9043 shartzell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-9043","contributorId":2594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"Stephen","email":"shartzell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Luco, Nicolas 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":1188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nicolas","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70056494,"text":"cir1389 - 2014 - Toxoplasmosis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T14:19:59","indexId":"cir1389","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T13:25:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1389","title":"Toxoplasmosis","docAbstract":"Toxoplasmosis (<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>), one of the better known and more widespread zoonotic diseases, originated in wildlife species and is now well established as a human malady. Food- and waterborne zoonoses, such as toxoplasmosis, are receiving increasing attention as components of disease emergence and resurgence. Toxoplasmosis is transmitted to humans via consumption of contaminated food or water, and nearly one-third of humanity has been exposed to this parasite. The role of wildlife in this transmission process is becoming more clearly known and is outlined in this report. This zoonotic disease also causes problems in wildlife species across the globe. Future generations of humans will continue to be jeopardized by toxoplasmosis infections in addition to many of the other zoonotic diseases that have emerged during the past century. Through monitoring toxoplasmosis infection levels in wildlife populations, we will be better able to predict future human infection levels of this important zoonotic disease.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1389","usgsCitation":"Hill, D., Dubey, J., Abbott, R.C., van Riper, C., and Enright, E.A., 2014, Toxoplasmosis: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1389, Report: viii, 89 p.; Report: high resolution, https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1389.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 89 p.; Report: high resolution","numberOfPages":"102","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-022254","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir1389.jpg"},{"id":286199,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1389/"},{"id":286200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1389/pdf/circ1389.pdf"},{"id":286201,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1389/pdf/circ1389_highres.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706be4b05569d805a41b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Abbott, Rachel C. 0000-0003-4820-9295 rabbott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-9295","contributorId":1183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"Rachel","email":"rabbott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509640,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":509641,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enright, Elizabeth A. eenright@usgs.gov","contributorId":240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enright","given":"Elizabeth","email":"eenright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509639,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Dolores E.","contributorId":37649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Dolores E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dubey, J. P.","contributorId":80609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubey","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abbott, Rachel C. 0000-0003-4820-9295 rabbott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4820-9295","contributorId":1183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"Rachel","email":"rabbott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enright, Elizabeth A. eenright@usgs.gov","contributorId":240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enright","given":"Elizabeth","email":"eenright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":486554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70099924,"text":"sir20145057 - 2014 - Simulated effects of existing and proposed surface-water impoundments and gas-well pads on streamflow and suspended sediment in the Cypress Creek watershed, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T09:25:54","indexId":"sir20145057","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T11:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5057","title":"Simulated effects of existing and proposed surface-water impoundments and gas-well pads on streamflow and suspended sediment in the Cypress Creek watershed, Arkansas","docAbstract":"<p>Cypress Creek is located in central Arkansas and is the main tributary to Brewer Lake, which serves as the primary water supply for Conway, Arkansas, and the surrounding areas. A model of the Cypress Creek watershed was developed and calibrated in cooperation with Southwestern Energy Company using detailed precipitation, streamflow, and discrete suspended-sediment data collected from 2009 through 2012. These data were used with a Hydrologic Simulation Program&mdash;FORTRAN model to address different potential gas-extraction activities within the watershed.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The calibrated Hydrologic Simulation Program&mdash;FORTRAN model was used to simulate four land-use scenarios and examine the potential effects of these land-use changes on the streamflow and water quality within the Cypress Creek watershed. These simulated scenarios included (1) the conversion of all nonforested land to forest, representing a time period before extensive grazing activities and no gas-extraction activities; (2) a land-use change to that of 1949, representing a time period with some grazing activities and no gas-extraction activities; (3) a time period with current land-use conditions, but without any gas-extraction activities, that is, the exclusion of gas-well pads/pipelines, associated gravel roads, and surface-water impoundments; and (4) a time period with current land-use conditions, but with increased gas-extraction activities (for example, increased gas-well pad and surface-water impoundment activities) to represent a possible future natural gas full-development condition for the area.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>A current-conditions simulation also was built and calibrated and represents the current conditions (2013) within the watershed. This simulation was used as the comparison basis for the four land-use scenarios described above. The current-conditions simulation used the 2006 land-use conditions, which consisted primarily of forest and pasture, as well as the current (2013) 35 gas-well pads and pipelines and 6 surface-water impoundments, which account for approximately 1.6 percent of the land use. Simulating a time period before extensive-grazing activities and no gas-extraction activities for scenario 1 resulted in a decrease in suspended-sediment loads and volume of streamflow within the Cypress Creek watershed compared to the current-conditions simulation. Simulating a time period before any gas-extraction activities but with some grazing activities for scenario 2 also resulted in a decrease in suspended-sediment loads and volume of streamflow within the Cypress Creek watershed. Simulating current conditions, but without any natural gas-pad land use or related activities (including pipelines and associated gravel roads), for scenario 3 resulted in mostly unchanged suspended-sediment loads and volume of streamflow within the Cypress Creek watershed, as compared to the current-conditions simulation. Finally, simulating potential future conditions of increased gas-well pad and surface-water impoundment activities for scenario 4 resulted in a decrease (compared to the current-conditions simulation) in suspended-sediment loads and a slight increase of volume of streamflow within the Cypress Creek watershed.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality list suspended sediment from &ldquo;poor pastures&rdquo; as a primary source of nonpoint-source pollution in north-central Arkansas, but unpaved (gravel) roads are another important source of suspended sediment. Because of the high sediment-loading rates associated with gravel roads and the large amount of pasture within the watershed, the factors most responsible for suspended sediment within the Cypress Creek watershed are likely associated more with the pastureland and gravel roads, than factors associated with gas-well pads/pipelines.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145057","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Southwestern Energy Company","usgsCitation":"Hart, R.M., 2014, Simulated effects of existing and proposed surface-water impoundments and gas-well pads on streamflow and suspended sediment in the Cypress Creek watershed, Arkansas (Originally posted April 10, 2014; Version 1.1: April 16, 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5057, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145057.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054270","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145057.jpg"},{"id":286178,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5057/"},{"id":286179,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5057/pdf/sir2014-5057.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","city":"Conway","otherGeospatial":"Brewer Lake;Cypress Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.748504,35.029964 ], [ -92.748504,35.400913 ], [ -92.429371,35.400913 ], [ -92.429371,35.029964 ], [ -92.748504,35.029964 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Originally posted April 10, 2014; Version 1.1: April 16, 2016","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517061e4b05569d805a3a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Rheannon M. 0000-0003-4657-5945 rmhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4657-5945","contributorId":5516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Rheannon","email":"rmhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70101650,"text":"70101650 - 2014 - A review of environmental impacts of salts from produced waters on aquatic resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:35:40","indexId":"70101650","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T10:31:34","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of environmental impacts of salts from produced waters on aquatic resources","docAbstract":"Salts are frequently a major constituent of waste waters produced during oil and gas production. These produced waters or brines must be treated and/or disposed and provide a daily challenge for operators and resource managers. Some elements of salts are regulated with water quality criteria established for the protection of aquatic wildlife, e.g. chloride (Cl<sup>−</sup>), which has an acute standard of 860 mg/L and a chronic standard of 230 mg/L. However, data for establishing such standards has only recently been studied for other components of produced water, such as bicarbonate (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>), which has acute median lethal concentrations (LC50s) ranging from 699 to > 8000 mg/L and effects on chronic toxicity from 430 to 657 mg/L. While Cl− is an ion of considerable importance in multiple geographical regions, knowledge about the effects of hardness (calcium and magnesium) on its toxicity and about mechanisms of toxicity is not well understood. A multiple-approach design that combines studies of both individuals and populations, conducted both in the laboratory and the field, was used to study toxic effects of bicarbonate (as NaHCO<sub>3</sub>). This approach allowed interpretations about mechanisms related to growth effects at the individual level that could affect populations in the wild. However, additional mechanistic data for HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, related to the interactions of calcium (Ca<sup>2 +</sup>) precipitation at the microenvironment of the gill would dramatically increase the scientific knowledge base about how NaHCO<sub>3</sub> might affect aquatic life. Studies of the effects of mixtures of multiple salts present in produced waters and more chronic effect studies would give a better picture of the overall potential toxicity of these ions. Organic constituents in hydraulic fracturing fluids, flowback waters, etc. are a concern because of their carcinogenic properties and this paper is not meant to minimize the importance of maintaining vigilance with respect to potential organic contamination.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2013.12.006","usgsCitation":"Farag, A., and Harper, D., 2014, A review of environmental impacts of salts from produced waters on aquatic resources: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 126, p. 157-161, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.12.006.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"161","ipdsId":"IP-049236","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286281,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.12.006"}],"volume":"126","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53516ef9e4b05569d8059f34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farag, Aïda M.","contributorId":85880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"Aïda M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harper, David D.","contributorId":102946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"David D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70059913,"text":"70059913 - 2014 - Three-dimensional distribution of igneous rocks near the Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska: constraints from regional-scale aeromagnetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-10T10:34:00","indexId":"70059913","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T10:27:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional distribution of igneous rocks near the Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska: constraints from regional-scale aeromagnetic data","docAbstract":"Aeromagnetic data helped us to understand the 3D distribution of plutonic rocks near the Pebble porphyry copper deposit in southwestern Alaska, USA. Magnetic susceptibility measurements showed that rocks in the Pebble district are more magnetic than rocks of comparable compositions in the Pike Creek–Stuyahok Hills volcano-plutonic complex. The reduced-to-pole transformation of the aeromagnetic data demonstrated that the older rocks in the Pebble district produce strong magnetic anomaly highs. The tilt derivative transformation highlighted northeast-trending lineaments attributed to Tertiary volcanic rocks. Multiscale edge detection delineated near-surface magnetic sources that are mostly outward dipping and coalesce at depth in the Pebble district. The total horizontal gradient of the 10-km upward-continued magnetic data showed an oval, deep magnetic contact along which porphyry deposits occur. Forward and inverse magnetic modeling showed that the magnetic rocks in the Pebble district extend to depths greater than 9 km. Magnetic inversion was constrained by a near-surface, 3D geologic model that is attributed with measured magnetic susceptibilities from various rock types in the region. The inversion results indicated that several near-surface magnetic sources with moderate susceptibilities converge with depth into magnetic bodies with higher susceptibilities. This deep magnetic source appeared to rise toward the surface in several areas. An isosurface value of 0.02 SI was used to depict the magnetic contact between outcropping granodiorite and nonmagnetic sedimentary host rocks. The contact was shown to be outward dipping. At depths around 5 km, nearly the entire model exceeded the isosurface value indicating the limits of nonmagnetic host material. The inversion results showed the presence of a relatively deep, northeast-trending magnetic low that parallels lineaments mapped by the tilt derivative. This deep low represents a strand of the Lake Clark fault.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/geo2013-0326.1","usgsCitation":"Anderson, E.D., Zhou, W., Li, Y., Hitzman, M., Monecke, T., Lang, J.R., and Kelley, K., 2014, Three-dimensional distribution of igneous rocks near the Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska: constraints from regional-scale aeromagnetic data: Geophysics, v. 79, no. 2, p. B63-B79, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0326.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"B63","endPage":"B79","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-051177","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286163,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0326.1"},{"id":286168,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -160.0049,58.8251 ], [ -160.0049,61.122 ], [ -151.9958,61.122 ], [ -151.9958,58.8251 ], [ -160.0049,58.8251 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"79","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517069e4b05569d805a40a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Eric D. 0000-0002-0138-6166 ericanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-6166","contributorId":1733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Eric","email":"ericanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhou, Wei","contributorId":82221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"Wei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Yaoguo","contributorId":80184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Yaoguo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hitzman, Murray W.","contributorId":14682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitzman","given":"Murray W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Monecke, Thomas","contributorId":50423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monecke","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lang, James R.","contributorId":39679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":57817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70048692,"text":"70048692 - 2014 - The long-term trends (1982-2006) in vegetation greenness of the alpine ecosystem in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-29T14:49:00","indexId":"70048692","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T10:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1534,"text":"Environmental Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The long-term trends (1982-2006) in vegetation greenness of the alpine ecosystem in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau","docAbstract":"The increased rate of annual temperature in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau exceeded all other areas of the same latitude in recent decades. The influence of the warming climate on the alpine ecosystem of the plateau was distinct. An analysis of alpine vegetation under changes in climatic conditions was conducted in this study. This was done through an examination of vegetation greenness and its relationship with climate variability using the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer satellite imagery and climate datasets. Vegetation in the plateau experienced a positive trend in greenness, with 18.0 % of the vegetated areas exhibiting significantly positive trends, which were primarily located in the eastern and southwestern parts of the plateau. In grasslands, 25.8 % of meadows and 14.1 % of steppes exhibited significant upward trends. In contrast, the broadleaf forests experienced a trend of degradation. Temperature, particularly summer temperature, was the primary factor promoting the vegetation growth in the plateau. The wetter and warmer climate in the east contributed to the favorable conditions for vegetation. The alpine meadow was mostly sensitive to temperature, while the steppes were sensitive to both temperature and precipitation. Although a warming climate was expected to be beneficial to vegetation growth in the alpine region, the rising temperature coupled with reduced precipitation in the south did not favor vegetation growth due to low humidity and poor soil moisture conditions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12665-014-3092-1","usgsCitation":"Zhang, L., Guo, H., Wang, C., Ji, L., Li, J., Wang, K., and Dai, L., 2014, The long-term trends (1982-2006) in vegetation greenness of the alpine ecosystem in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 72, no. 6, p. 1827-1841, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3092-1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1827","endPage":"1841","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-045105","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286151,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3092-1"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Qinghai-tibetan Plateau","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 73.31,25.0 ], [ 73.31,41.79 ], [ 105.06,41.79 ], [ 105.06,25.0 ], [ 73.31,25.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"72","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517069e4b05569d805a400","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Li","contributorId":98139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guo, Huadong","contributorId":21056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Huadong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Cuizhen","contributorId":16312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Cuizhen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ji, Lei 0000-0002-6133-1036 lji@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-1036","contributorId":2832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"Lei","email":"lji@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Jing","contributorId":9166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Jing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, Kun","contributorId":51648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Kun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dai, Lin","contributorId":104811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dai","given":"Lin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70058757,"text":"70058757 - 2014 - The influence of interspecific interactions on species range expansion rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:39:36","indexId":"70058757","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T10:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of interspecific interactions on species range expansion rates","docAbstract":"<p>Ongoing and predicted global change makes understanding and predicting species&rsquo; range shifts an urgent scientific priority. Here, we provide a synthetic perspective on the so far poorly understood effects of interspecific interactions on range expansion rates. We present theoretical foundations for how interspecific interactions may modulate range expansion rates, consider examples from empirical studies of biological invasions and natural range expansions as well as process-based simulations, and discuss how interspecific interactions can be more broadly represented in process-based, spatiotemporally explicit range forecasts. Theory tells us that interspecific interactions affect expansion rates via alteration of local population growth rates and spatial displacement rates, but also via effects on other demographic parameters. The best empirical evidence for interspecific effects on expansion rates comes from studies of biological invasions. Notably, invasion studies indicate that competitive dominance and release from specialized enemies can enhance expansion rates. Studies of natural range expansions especially point to the potential for competition from resident species to reduce expansion rates. Overall, it is clear that interspecific interactions may have important consequences for range dynamics, but also that their effects have received too little attention to robustly generalize on their importance. We then discuss how interspecific interactions effects can be more widely incorporated in dynamic modeling of range expansions. Importantly, models must describe spatiotemporal variation in both local population dynamics and dispersal. Finally, we derive the following guidelines for when it is particularly important to explicitly represent interspecific interactions in dynamic range expansion forecasts: if most interacting species show correlated spatial or temporal trends in their effects on the target species, if the number of interacting species is low, and if the abundance of one or more strongly interacting species is not closely linked to the abundance of the target species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00574.x","usgsCitation":"Svenning, J., Gravel, D., Holt, R.D., Schurr, F.M., Thuiller, W., Munkemuller, T., Schiffers, K.H., Dullinger, S., Edwards, T.C., Hickler, T., Higgins, S., Nabel, J.E., Pagel, J., and Normand, S., 2014, The influence of interspecific interactions on species range expansion rates: Ecography, v. 37, no. 12, p. 1198-1209, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00574.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1198","endPage":"1209","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049473","costCenters":[{"id":609,"text":"Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00574.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286146,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00574.x"}],"volume":"37","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517069e4b05569d805a3fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Svenning, Jens-Christian","contributorId":34642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svenning","given":"Jens-Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gravel, Dominique","contributorId":24277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gravel","given":"Dominique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holt, Robert D.","contributorId":80584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holt","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schurr, Frank M.","contributorId":72708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schurr","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thuiller, Wilfried","contributorId":38059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thuiller","given":"Wilfried","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Munkemuller, Tamara","contributorId":57768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munkemuller","given":"Tamara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schiffers, Katja H.","contributorId":79019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiffers","given":"Katja","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dullinger, Stefan","contributorId":19080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dullinger","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":2061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hickler, Thomas","contributorId":44458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickler","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Higgins, Steven I.","contributorId":88651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Steven I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Nabel, Julia E.M.S.","contributorId":94214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nabel","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Pagel, Jorn","contributorId":67009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pagel","given":"Jorn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Normand, Signe","contributorId":30545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normand","given":"Signe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70046041,"text":"70046041 - 2014 - Self-imposed length limits in recreational fisheries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-10T09:44:35","indexId":"70046041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Self-imposed length limits in recreational fisheries","docAbstract":"A primary motivating factor on the decision to harvest a fish among consumptive-orientated anglers is the size of the fish. There is likely a cost-benefit trade-off for harvest of individual fish that is size and species dependent, which should produce a logistic-type response of fish fate (release or harvest) as a function of fish size and species. We define the self-imposed length limit as the length at which a captured fish had a 50% probability of being harvested, which was selected because it marks the length of the fish where the probability of harvest becomes greater than the probability of release. We assessed the influences of fish size, catch per unit effort, size distribution of caught fish, and creel limit on the self-imposed length limits for bluegill <i>Lepomis macrochirus</i>, channel catfish <i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>, black crappie <i>Pomoxis nigromaculatus</i> and white crappie <i>Pomoxis annularis</i> combined, white bass <i>Morone chrysops</i>, and yellow perch <i>Perca flavescens</i> at six lakes in Nebraska, USA. As we predicted, the probability of harvest increased with increasing size for all species harvested, which supported the concept of a size-dependent trade-off in costs and benefits of harvesting individual fish. It was also clear that probability of harvest was not simply defined by fish length, but rather was likely influenced to various degrees by interactions between species, catch rate, size distribution, creel-limit regulation and fish size. A greater understanding of harvest decisions within the context of perceived likelihood that a creel limit will be realized by a given angler party, which is a function of fish availability, harvest regulation and angler skill and orientation, is needed to predict the influence that anglers have on fish communities and to allow managers to sustainable manage exploited fish populations in recreational fisheries.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2014.02.022","usgsCitation":"Chizinski, C.J., Martin, D., Hurley, K.L., and Pope, K.L., 2014, Self-imposed length limits in recreational fisheries: Fisheries Research, v. 155, p. 83-89, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2014.02.022.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"89","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-039302","costCenters":[{"id":463,"text":"Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286133,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286132,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2014.02.022"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.0535,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,39.9999 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"155","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517060e4b05569d805a39c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chizinski, Christopher J.","contributorId":7178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Dustin R.","contributorId":43482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Dustin R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hurley, Keith L.","contributorId":97422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurley","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70059037,"text":"70059037 - 2014 - Testing the accuracy of a 1-D volcanic plume model in estimating mass eruption rate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T10:56:51","indexId":"70059037","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T09:23:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing the accuracy of a 1-D volcanic plume model in estimating mass eruption rate","docAbstract":"During volcanic eruptions, empirical relationships are used to estimate mass eruption rate from plume height. Although simple, such relationships can be inaccurate and can underestimate rates in windy conditions. One-dimensional plume models can incorporate atmospheric conditions and give potentially more accurate estimates. Here I present a 1-D model for plumes in crosswind and simulate 25 historical eruptions where plume height <i>H</i><sub>obs</sub> was well observed and mass eruption rate <i>M</i><sub>obs</sub> could be calculated from mapped deposit mass and observed duration. The simulations considered wind, temperature, and phase changes of water. Atmospheric conditions were obtained from the National Center for Atmospheric Research Reanalysis 2.5° model. Simulations calculate the minimum, maximum, and average values (<i>M</i><sub>min</sub>, <i>M</i><sub>max</sub>, and <i>M</i><sub>avg</sub>) that fit the plume height. Eruption rates were also estimated from the empirical formula <i>M</i><sub>empir</sub> = 140<i>H</i><sub>obs</sub><i><sup>4.14</sup></i> (<i>M</i><sub>empir</sub> is in kilogram per second, <i>H</i><sub>obs</sub> is in kilometer). For these eruptions, the standard error of the residual in log space is about 0.53 for <i>M</i><sub>avg</sub> and 0.50 for <i>M</i><sub>empir</sub>. Thus, for this data set, the model is slightly less accurate at predicting <i>M</i><sub>obs</sub> than the empirical curve. The inability of this model to improve eruption rate estimates may lie in the limited accuracy of even well-observed plume heights, inaccurate model formulation, or the fact that most eruptions examined were not highly influenced by wind. For the low, wind-blown plume of 14–18 April 2010 at Eyjafjallajökull, where an accurate plume height time series is available, modeled rates do agree better with <i>M</i><sub>obs</sub> than <i>M</i><sub>empir</sub>.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013JD020604","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L.G., 2014, Testing the accuracy of a 1-D volcanic plume model in estimating mass eruption rate: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 119, no. 5, p. 2474-2495, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JD020604.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"2474","endPage":"2495","numberOfPages":"22","ipdsId":"IP-046214","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020604","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286120,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517066e4b05569d805a3dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992 lgmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"lgmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70099232,"text":"fs20143023 - 2014 - The Southeast Stream Quality Assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T12:16:39","indexId":"fs20143023","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T09:19:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3023","title":"The Southeast Stream Quality Assessment","docAbstract":"<p>In 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) is assessing stream quality across the Piedmont and southern Appalachian Mountains in the southeastern United States. The goal of the Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) is to characterize multiple water-quality factors that are stressors to aquatic life&mdash;contaminants, nutrients, sediment, and streamflow alteration&mdash;and the relation of these stressors to ecological conditions in streams throughout the region. Findings will provide communities and policymakers with information on which human and environmental factors are the most critical in controlling stream quality and, thus, provide insights about possible approaches to protect or improve stream quality. The SESQA study will be the second regional study by the NAWQA program, and it will be of similar design and scope as the Midwest Stream Quality Assessment conducted in 2013 (Van Metre and others, 2012).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143023","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Van Metre, P., and Journey, C.A., 2014, The Southeast Stream Quality Assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3023, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143023.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055400","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286119,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143023.jpg"},{"id":286116,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3023/pdf/fs2014-3023.pdf"},{"id":286117,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3023/"}],"projection":"Web Mercator Projection","country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,40.0 ], [ -79.0,40.0 ], [ -79.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517069e4b05569d805a405","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C.","contributorId":34104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70101165,"text":"70101165 - 2014 - High fidelity does not preclude colonization: range expansion of molting Black Brant on the Arctic coast of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-20T20:25:41","indexId":"70101165","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T09:01:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High fidelity does not preclude colonization: range expansion of molting Black Brant on the Arctic coast of Alaska","docAbstract":"High rates of site fidelity have been assumed to infer static distributions of molting geese in some cases. To test this assumption, we examined movements of individually marked birds to understand the underlying mechanisms of range expansion of molting Black Brant (<i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i>) on the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) of Alaska. The Teshekpuk Lake Special Area (TLSA) on the ACP was created to protect the primary molting area of Brant. When established in 1977, the TLSA was thought to include most, if not all, wetlands used by molting Brant on the ACP. From 2010 to 2013, we surveyed areas outside the TLSA and counted an average of 9800 Brant per year, representing 29–37% of all molting Brant counted on the ACP. We captured and banded molting Brant in 2011 and 2012 both within the TLSA and outside the TLSA at the Piasuk River Delta and Cape Simpson to assess movements of birds among areas across years. Estimates of movement rates out of the TLSA exceeded those into the TLSA, demonstrating overall directional dispersal. We found differences in sex and age ratios and proportions of adult females with brood patches, but no differences in mass dynamics for birds captured within and outside the TLSA. Overall fidelity rates to specific lakes (0.81, range = 0.49–0.92) were unchanged from comparable estimates obtained in the early 1990s. We conclude that Brant are dispersing from the TLSA into new molting areas while simultaneously redistributing within the TLSA, likely as a consequence of changes in relative habitat quality. Shifts in distribution resulted from colonization of new areas by young birds as well as low levels of directional dispersal of birds that previously molted in the TLSA. Based on combined counts, the overall number of molting Brant across the ACP has increased substantially.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jofo.12051","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., Meixell, B.W., and Mallek, E.J., 2014, High fidelity does not preclude colonization: range expansion of molting Black Brant on the Arctic coast of Alaska: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 85, no. 1, p. 75-83, https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12051.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-048892","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286115,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286078,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12051"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Artic Coastal Plain;Cape Simpson;Piasuk River Delta;Teshekpuk Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.4236,70.3187 ], [ -155.4236,71.3114 ], [ -150.2051,71.3114 ], [ -150.2051,70.3187 ], [ -155.4236,70.3187 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"85","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517046e4b05569d805a251","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mallek, Edward J.","contributorId":103964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallek","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70101175,"text":"70101175 - 2014 - Greenhouse gases generated from the anaerobic biodegradation of natural offshore asphalt seepages in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-29T14:48:17","indexId":"70101175","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T08:40:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Greenhouse gases generated from the anaerobic biodegradation of natural offshore asphalt seepages in southern California","docAbstract":"Significant offshore asphaltic deposits with active seepage occur in the Santa Barbara Channel offshore southern California. The composition and isotopic signatures of gases sampled from the oil and gas seeps reveal that the coexisting oil in the shallow subsurface is anaerobically biodegraded, generating CO<sub>2</sub> with secondary CH<sub>4</sub> production. Biomineralization can result in the consumption of as much as 60% by weight of the original oil, with <sup>13</sup>C enrichment of CO<sub>2</sub>. Analyses of gas emitted from asphaltic accumulations or seeps on the seafloor indicate up to 11% CO<sub>2</sub> with <sup>13</sup>C enrichment reaching +24.8‰. Methane concentrations range from less than 30% up to 98% with isotopic compositions of –34.9 to –66.1‰. Higher molecular weight hydrocarbon gases are present in strongly varying concentrations reflecting both oil-associated gas and biodegradation; propane is preferentially biodegraded, resulting in an enriched <sup>13</sup>C isotopic composition as enriched as –19.5‰. Assuming the 132 million barrels of asphaltic residues on the seafloor represent ~40% of the original oil volume and mass, the estimated gas generated is 5.0×1010 kg (~76×109 m<sup>3</sup>) CH<sub>4</sub> and/or 1.4×1011 kg CO<sub>2</sub> over the lifetime of seepage needed to produce the volume of these deposits. Geologic relationships and oil weathering inferences suggest the deposits are of early Holocene age or even younger. Assuming an age of ~1,000 years, annual fluxes are on the order of 5.0×107 kg (~76×106 m<sup>3</sup>) and/or 1.4×108 kg for CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>, respectively. The daily volumetric emission rate (2.1×105 m<sup>3</sup>) is comparable to current CH<sub>4</sub> emission from Coal Oil Point seeps (1.5×105 m<sup>3</sup>/day), and may be a significant source of both CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> to the atmosphere provided that the gas can be transported through the water column.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geo-Marine Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00367-014-0359-1","usgsCitation":"Lorenson, T., Wong, F.L., Dartnell, P., and Sliter, R.W., 2014, Greenhouse gases generated from the anaerobic biodegradation of natural offshore asphalt seepages in southern California: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 34, no. 2-3, p. 281-295, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-014-0359-1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"295","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-049273","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286112,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286081,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00367-014-0359-1"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Barbara Channel","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.562226,34.01231 ], [ -120.562226,34.526411 ], [ -119.498612,34.526411 ], [ -119.498612,34.01231 ], [ -120.562226,34.01231 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"34","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517043e4b05569d805a238","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenson, T.D. tlorenson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"T.D.","email":"tlorenson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X pdartnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":2688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","email":"pdartnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sliter, Ray W. 0000-0003-0337-3454 rsliter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-3454","contributorId":1992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"Ray","email":"rsliter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70138813,"text":"70138813 - 2014 - Research, monitoring, and evaluation of emerging issues and measures to recover the Snake River fall Chinook salmon ESU, 1/1/2012 – 12/31/2013: Annual report, 1991-029-00","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-26T15:44:23","indexId":"70138813","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T06:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Research, monitoring, and evaluation of emerging issues and measures to recover the Snake River fall Chinook salmon ESU, 1/1/2012 – 12/31/2013: Annual report, 1991-029-00","docAbstract":"<p>The portion of the Snake River fall Chinook Salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i> ESU that spawns upstream of Lower Granite Dam transitioned from low to high abundance during 1992&ndash;2014 in association with U.S. Endangered Species Act recovery efforts and other Federally mandated actions. This annual report focuses on (1) numeric and habitat use responses by natural- and hatchery-origin spawners, (2) phenotypic and numeric responses by natural-origin juveniles, and (3) predator responses in the Snake River upper and lower reaches as abundance of adult and juvenile fall Chinook Salmon increased. Spawners have located and used most of the available spawning habitat and that habitat is gradually approaching redd capacity. Timing of spawning and fry emergence has been relatively stable; whereas the timing of parr dispersal from riverine rearing habitat into Lower Granite Reservoir has become earlier as apparent abundance of juveniles has increased. Growth rate (g/d) and dispersal size of parr also declined as apparent abundance of juveniles increased. Passage timing of smolts from the two Snake River reaches has become earlier and downstream movement rate faster as estimated abundance of fall Chinook Salmon smolts in Lower Granite Reservoir has increased. In 2014, consumption of subyearlings by Smallmouth Bass was highest in the upper reach which had the highest abundance of Bass. With a few exceptions, predation tended to decrease seasonally from April through early July. A release of hatchery fish in mid-May significantly increased subyearling consumption by the following day. We estimated that over 600,000 subyearling fall Chinook Salmon were lost to Smallmouth Bass predation along the free-flowing Snake River in 2014. More information on predation is presented in Appendix A.3 (page 51). These findings coupled with stock-recruitment analyses presented in this report provide evidence for density-dependence in the Snake River reaches and in Lower Granite Reservoir that was influenced by the expansion of the recovery program. The long-term goal is to use the information covered here in a comprehensive modeling effort to conduct action effectiveness and uncertainty research and to inform fish population, hydrosystem, harvest, hatchery, and predation and invasive species management RM&amp;E.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","collaboration":"Report covers work performed under Bonneville Power Administration Contract # 272492","usgsCitation":"Connor, W.P., Mullins, F., Tiffan, K.F., Perry, R.W., Erhardt, J.M., St. John, S., Bickford, B.K., and Rhodes, T.N., 2014, Research, monitoring, and evaluation of emerging issues and measures to recover the Snake River fall Chinook salmon ESU, 1/1/2012 – 12/31/2013: Annual report, 1991-029-00, 186 p.","productDescription":"186 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057389","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research 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,{"id":70188049,"text":"70188049 - 2014 - Comparing cropland net primary production estimates from inventory, a satellite-based model, and a process-based model in the Midwest of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T16:11:38","indexId":"70188049","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing cropland net primary production estimates from inventory, a satellite-based model, and a process-based model in the Midwest of the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Accurately quantifying the spatial and temporal variability of net primary production (NPP) for croplands is essential to understand regional cropland carbon dynamics. We compared three NPP estimates for croplands in the Midwestern United States: inventory-based estimates using crop yield data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS); estimates from the satellite-based Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NPP product; and estimates from the General Ensemble biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS) process-based model. The three methods estimated mean NPP in the range of 469–687&nbsp;g&nbsp;C&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>and total NPP in the range of 318–490&nbsp;Tg&nbsp;C&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span> for croplands in the Midwest in 2007 and 2008. The NPP estimates from crop yield data and the GEMS model showed the mean NPP for croplands was over 650&nbsp;g&nbsp;C&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span> while the MODIS NPP product estimated the mean NPP was less than 500&nbsp;g&nbsp;C&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. MODIS NPP also showed very different spatial variability of the cropland NPP from the other two methods. We found these differences were mainly caused by the difference in the land cover data and the crop specific information used in the methods. Our study demonstrated that the detailed mapping of the temporal and spatial change of crop species is critical for estimating the spatial and temporal variability of cropland NPP. We suggest that high resolution land cover data with species–specific crop information should be used in satellite-based and process-based models to improve carbon estimates for croplands.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.01.012","usgsCitation":"Li, Z., Liu, S., Tan, Z., Bliss, N.B., Young, C.J., West, T.O., and Ogle, S.M., 2014, Comparing cropland net primary production estimates from inventory, a satellite-based model, and a process-based model in the Midwest of the United States: Ecological Modelling, v. 277, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.01.012.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-053484","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, 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,{"id":70073915,"text":"ds821 - 2014 - Large scale Wyoming transportation data: a resource planning tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T15:01:42","indexId":"ds821","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T13:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"821","title":"Large scale Wyoming transportation data: a resource planning tool","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Science Center created statewide roads data for the Bureau of Land Management Wyoming State Office using 2009 aerial photography from the National Agriculture Imagery Program. The updated roads data resolves known concerns of omission, commission, and inconsistent representation of map scale, attribution, and ground reference dates which were present in the original source data. To ensure a systematic and repeatable approach of capturing roads on the landscape using on-screen digitizing from true color National Agriculture Imagery Program imagery, we developed a photogrammetry key and quality assurance/quality control protocols. Therefore, the updated statewide roads data will support the Bureau of Land Management’s resource management requirements with a standardized map product representing 2009 ground conditions. The updated Geographic Information System roads data set product, represented at 1:4,000 and +/- 10 meters spatial accuracy, contains 425,275 kilometers within eight attribute classes. The quality control of these products indicated a 97.7 percent accuracy of aspatial information and 98.0 percent accuracy of spatial locations. Approximately 48 percent of the updated roads data was corrected for spatial errors of greater than 1 meter relative to the pre-existing road data. Twenty-six percent of the updated roads involved correcting spatial errors of greater than 5 meters and 17 percent of the updated roads involved correcting spatial errors of greater than 9 meters. The Bureau of Land Management, other land managers, and researchers can use these new statewide roads data set products to support important studies and management decisions regarding land use changes, transportation and planning needs, transportation safety, wildlife applications, and other studies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds821","issn":"2327-638X","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University","usgsCitation":"O'Donnell, M., Fancher, T., Freeman, A.T., Ziegler, A.E., Bowen, Z.H., and Aldridge, C.L., 2014, Large scale Wyoming transportation data: a resource planning tool: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 821, Report: v, 21 p.; Downloads directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds821.","productDescription":"Report: v, 21 p.; Downloads directory","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049829","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds821.jpg"},{"id":286024,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/821/pdf/ds821.pdf"},{"id":286023,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/821/"},{"id":286025,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/821/downloads/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.0,41.0 ], [ -111.0,45.0 ], [ -104.0,45.0 ], [ -104.0,41.0 ], [ -111.0,41.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517051e4b05569d805a301","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Donnell, Michael S.","contributorId":40667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"Michael S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fancher, Tammy S.","contributorId":17689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fancher","given":"Tammy S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, Aaron T. 0000-0001-9395-5604 afreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9395-5604","contributorId":5293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Aaron","email":"afreeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ziegler, Abra E. aeziegler@usgs.gov","contributorId":5294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Abra","email":"aeziegler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bowen, Zachary H. 0000-0002-8656-1831 bowenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-1831","contributorId":821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Zachary","email":"bowenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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