{"pageNumber":"1394","pageRowStart":"34825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184733,"records":[{"id":70101080,"text":"70101080 - 2014 - From headwaters to coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-02T07:05:42","indexId":"70101080","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T13:26:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":866,"text":"Aquatic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From headwaters to coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary","docAbstract":"The natural aging process of Chesapeake Bay and its tributary estuaries has been accelerated by human activities around the shoreline and within the watershed, increasing sediment and nutrient loads delivered to the bay. Riverine nutrients cause algal growth in the bay leading to reductions in light penetration with consequent declines in sea grass growth, smothering of bottom-dwelling organisms, and decreases in bottom-water dissolved oxygen as algal blooms decay. Historically, bay waters were filtered by oysters, but declines in oyster populations from overfishing and disease have led to higher concentrations of fine-sediment particles and phytoplankton in the water column. Assessments of water and biological resource quality in Chesapeake Bay and tributaries, such as the Potomac River, show a continual degraded state. In this paper, we pay tribute to Owen Bricker’s comprehensive, holistic scientific perspective using an approach that examines the connection between watershed and estuary. We evaluated nitrogen inputs from Potomac River headwaters, nutrient-related conditions within the estuary, and considered the use of shellfish aquaculture as an in-the-water nutrient management measure. Data from headwaters, nontidal, and estuarine portions of the Potomac River watershed and estuary were analyzed to examine the contribution from different parts of the watershed to total nitrogen loads to the estuary. An eutrophication model was applied to these data to evaluate eutrophication status and changes since the early 1990s and for comparison to regional and national conditions. A farm-scale aquaculture model was applied and results scaled to the estuary to determine the potential for shellfish (oyster) aquaculture to mediate eutrophication impacts. Results showed that (1) the contribution to nitrogen loads from headwater streams is small (about 2 %) of total inputs to the Potomac River Estuary; (2) eutrophic conditions in the Potomac River Estuary have improved in the upper estuary since the early 1990s, but have worsened in the lower estuary. The overall system-wide eutrophication impact is high, despite a decrease in nitrogen loads from the upper basin and declining surface water nitrate nitrogen concentrations over that period; (3) eutrophic conditions in the Potomac River Estuary are representative of Chesapeake Bay region and other US estuaries; moderate to high levels of nutrient-related degradation occur in about 65 % of US estuaries, particularly river-dominated low-flow systems such as the Potomac River Estuary; and (4) shellfish (oyster) aquaculture could remove eutrophication impacts directly from the estuary through harvest but should be considered a complement—not a substitute—for land-based measures. The total nitrogen load could be removed if 40 % of the Potomac River Estuary bottom was in shellfish cultivation; a combination of aquaculture and restoration of oyster reefs may provide larger benefits.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10498-014-9226-y","issn":"13806165","usgsCitation":"Bricker, S.B., Rice, K.C., and Bricker, O.P., 2014, From headwaters to coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 20, no. 2, p. 291-323, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-014-9226-y.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"323","ipdsId":"IP-046228","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286015,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333173,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70115891","text":"Response to comment"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River Estuary","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.4772,37.8139 ], [ -80.4772,40.788 ], [ -75.9119,40.788 ], [ -75.9119,37.8139 ], [ -80.4772,37.8139 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351703de4b05569d805a20c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bricker, Suzanne B.","contributorId":64555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bricker","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":492591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bricker, Owen P. III","contributorId":34432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"Owen","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70099978,"text":"fs20143024 - 2014 - Groundwater studies: principal aquifer surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T09:59:01","indexId":"fs20143024","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T13:24:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3024","title":"Groundwater studies: principal aquifer surveys","docAbstract":"<p>In 1991, the U.S. Congress established the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program within the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to develop nationally consistent long-term datasets and provide information about the quality of the Nation’s streams and groundwater. The USGS uses objective and reliable data, water-quality models, and systematic scientific studies to assess current water-quality conditions, to identify changes in water quality over time, and to determine how natural factors and human activities affect the quality of streams and groundwater. NAWQA is the only non-regulatory Federal program to perform these types of studies; participation is voluntary.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>In the third decade (Cycle 3) of the NAWQA program (2013–2023), the USGS will evaluate the quality and availability of groundwater for drinking supply, improve our understanding of where and why water quality is degraded, and assess how groundwater quality could respond to changes in climate and land use. These goals will be addressed through the implementation of a new monitoring component in Cycle 3: Principal Aquifer Surveys.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143024","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program","usgsCitation":"Burow, K.R., and Belitz, K., 2014, Groundwater studies: principal aquifer surveys: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3024, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143024.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","ipdsId":"IP-049808","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143024.jpg"},{"id":286008,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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States\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517044e4b05569d805a240","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burow, Karen R. 0000-0001-6006-6667 krburow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-6667","contributorId":1504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"Karen","email":"krburow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70168817,"text":"70168817 - 2014 - The impacts of recent permafrost thaw on land-atmosphere greenhouse gas exchange","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-04T10:14:56","indexId":"70168817","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impacts of recent permafrost thaw on land-atmosphere greenhouse gas exchange","docAbstract":"<p>Permafrost thaw and the subsequent mobilization of carbon (C) stored in previously frozen soil organic matter (SOM) have the potential to be a strong positive feedback to climate. As the northern permafrost region experiences as much as a doubling of the rate of warming as the rest of the Earth, the vast amount of C in permafrost soils is vulnerable to thaw, decomposition and release as atmospheric greenhouse gases. Diagnostic and predictive estimates of high-latitude terrestrial C fluxes vary widely among different models depending on how dynamics in permafrost, and the seasonally thawed 'active layer' above it, are represented. Here, we employ a process-based model simulation experiment to assess the net effect of active layer dynamics on this 'permafrost carbon feedback' in recent decades, from 1970 to 2006, over the circumpolar domain of continuous and discontinuous permafrost. Over this time period, the model estimates a mean increase of 6.8 cm in active layer thickness across the domain, which exposes a total of 11.6 Pg C of thawed SOM to decomposition. According to our simulation experiment, mobilization of this previously frozen C results in an estimated cumulative net source of 3.7 Pg C to the atmosphere since 1970 directly tied to active layer dynamics. Enhanced decomposition from the newly exposed SOM accounts for the release of both CO<sub>2</sub> (4.0 Pg C) and CH<sub>4</sub> (0.03 Pg C), but is partially compensated by CO<sub>2</sub> uptake (0.3 Pg C) associated with enhanced net primary production of vegetation. This estimated net C transfer to the atmosphere from permafrost thaw represents a significant factor in the overall ecosystem carbon budget of the Pan-Arctic, and a non-trivial additional contribution on top of the combined fossil fuel emissions from the eight Arctic nations over this time period.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Physics Publishing","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/9/4/045005","usgsCitation":"Hayes, D.J., Kicklighter, D.W., McGuire, A.D., Chen, M., Zhuang, Q., Yuan, F., Melillo, J.M., and Wullschleger, S.D., 2014, The impacts of recent permafrost thaw on land-atmosphere greenhouse gas exchange: Environmental Research Letters, v. 9, no. 4, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/4/045005.","productDescription":"12 p.","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050867","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/4/045005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318554,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56dabff4e4b015c306f84d14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, Daniel J.","contributorId":100237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kicklighter, David W.","contributorId":48872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":621847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, Min","contributorId":56140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Min","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhuang, Qianlai","contributorId":101975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhuang","given":"Qianlai","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yuan, Fengming","contributorId":81819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"Fengming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Melillo, Jerry M.","contributorId":87847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wullschleger, Stan D.","contributorId":167343,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wullschleger","given":"Stan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70098028,"text":"fs20143021 - 2014 - Decision support system development at the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-20T16:11:10.614395","indexId":"fs20143021","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T10:13:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3021","title":"Decision support system development at the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","docAbstract":"A Decision Support System (DSS) can be defined in many ways. The working definition used by the U.S. Geological Survey Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center (UMESC) is, “A spatially based computer application or data that assists a researcher or manager in making decisions.” This is quite a broad definition—and it needs to be, because the possibilities for types of DSSs are limited only by the user group and the developer’s imagination. There is no one DSS; the types of DSSs are as diverse as the problems they help solve. This diversity requires that DSSs be built in a variety of ways, using the most appropriate methods and tools for the individual application. The skills of potential DSS users vary widely as well, further necessitating multiple approaches to DSS development. Some small, highly trained user groups may want a powerful modeling tool with extensive functionality at the expense of ease of use. Other user groups less familiar with geographic information system (GIS) and spatial data may want an easy-to-use application for a nontechnical audience. UMESC has been developing DSSs for almost 20 years. Our DSS developers offer our partners a wide variety of technical skills and development options, ranging from the most simple Web page or small application to complex modeling application development.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143021","usgsCitation":"Fox, T.J., Nelson, J., and Rohweder, J., 2014, Decision support system development at the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3021, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143021.","productDescription":"2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-049834","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285944,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143021.jpg"},{"id":285941,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3021/"},{"id":285940,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3021/pdf/fs2014-3021.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Midwest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.27417,43.746041 ], [ -91.27417,43.898447 ], [ -91.157089,43.898447 ], [ -91.157089,43.746041 ], [ -91.27417,43.746041 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517032e4b05569d805a1b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fox, Timothy J. 0000-0002-6167-3001 tfox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6167-3001","contributorId":1701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"Timothy","email":"tfox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, J. C. 0000-0002-7105-0107 jcnelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-0107","contributorId":459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J. C.","email":"jcnelson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rohweder, Jason J.","contributorId":25629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohweder","given":"Jason J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70101379,"text":"70101379 - 2014 - Water use characteristics of black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) communities along an ecotone with marsh at a northern geographical limit","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-11T10:17:26","indexId":"70101379","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T10:03:07","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water use characteristics of black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) communities along an ecotone with marsh at a northern geographical limit","docAbstract":"Mangroves are expanding into warm temperate-zone salt marsh communities in several locations globally. Although scientists have discovered that expansion might have modest effects on ecosystem functioning, water use characteristics have not been assessed relative to this transition. We measured early growing season sapflow (J<sub>s</sub>) and leaf transpiration (T<sub>r</sub>) in Avicennia germinans at a latitudinal limit along the northern Gulf of Mexico (Louisiana, United States) under both flooded and drained states and used these data to scale vegetation water use responses in comparison with Spartina alterniflora. We discovered strong convergence when using either J<sub>s</sub> or T<sub>r</sub> for determining individual tree water use, indicating tight connection between transpiration and xylem water movement in small Avicennia trees. When T<sub>r</sub> data were combined with leaf area indices for the region with the use of three separate approaches, we determined that Avicennia stands use approximately 1·0–1·3 mm d<sup>–1</sup> less water than Spartina marsh. Differences were only significant with the use of two of the three approaches, but are suggestive of net conservation of water as Avicennia expands into Spartina marshes at this location. Average J<sub>s</sub> for Avicennia trees was not influenced by flooding, but maximum J<sub>s</sub> was greater when sites were flooded. Avicennia and Spartina closest to open water (shoreline) used more water than interior locations of the same assemblages by an average of 1·3 mm d<sup>−1</sup>. Lower water use by Avicennia may indicate a greater overall resilience to drought relative to Spartina, such that aperiodic drought may interact with warmer winter temperatures to facilitate expansion of Avicennia in some years.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecohydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","doi":"10.1002/eco.1353","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K.W., McKee, K.L., and Hester, M.W., 2014, Water use characteristics of black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) communities along an ecotone with marsh at a northern geographical limit: Ecohydrology, v. 7, no. 2, p. 354-365, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1353.","startPage":"354","endPage":"365","ipdsId":"IP-038229","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286246,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eco.1353"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91,28.5 ], [ -91,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -89,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -89,28.5 ], [ -91,28.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"7","issue":"2","edition":"12 p.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706ee4b05569d805a44a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, Karen L. 0000-0001-7042-670X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":8927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hester, Mark W.","contributorId":9566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hester","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70101050,"text":"70101050 - 2014 - Accuracy of aging ducks in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Waterfowl Parts Collection Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:51:45","indexId":"70101050","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T09:54:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accuracy of aging ducks in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Waterfowl Parts Collection Survey","docAbstract":"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducts an annual Waterfowl Parts Collection Survey to estimate composition of harvested waterfowl by species, sex, and age (i.e., juv or ad). The survey relies on interpretation of duck wings by a group of experienced biologists at annual meetings (hereafter, flyway wingbees). Our objectives were to estimate accuracy of age assignment at flyway wingbees and to explore how accuracy rates may influence bias of age composition estimates. We used banded mallards (Anas platyrhynchos; n = 791), wood ducks (Aix sponsa; n = 242), and blue-winged teal (Anas discors; n = 39) harvested and donated by hunters as our source of birds used in accuracy assessments. We sent wings of donated birds to wingbees after the 2002–2003 and 2003–2004 hunting seasons and compared species, sex, and age determinations made at wingbees with our assessments based on internal and external examination of birds and corresponding banding records. Determinations of species and sex of mallards, wood ducks, and blue-winged teal were accurate (>99%). Accuracy of aging adult mallards increased with harvest date, whereas accuracy of aging juvenile male wood ducks and juvenile blue-winged teal decreased with harvest date. Accuracy rates were highest (96% and 95%) for adult and juvenile mallards, moderate for adult and juvenile wood ducks (92% and 92%), and lowest for adult and juvenile blue-winged teal (84% and 82%). We used these estimates to calculate bias for all possible age compositions (0–100% proportion juv) and determined the range of age compositions estimated with acceptable levels of bias. Comparing these ranges with age compositions estimated from Parts Collection Surveys conducted from 1961 to 2008 revealed that mallard and wood duck age compositions were estimated with insignificant levels of bias in all national surveys. However, 69% of age compositions for blue-winged teal were estimated with an unacceptable level of bias. The low preliminary accuracy rates of aging blue-winged teal based on our limited sample suggest a more extensive accuracy assessment study may be considered for interpreting age compositions of this species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.373","usgsCitation":"Pearse, A.T., Johnson, D.H., Richkus, K.D., Rohwer, F.C., Cox, R.R., and Padding, P.I., 2014, Accuracy of aging ducks in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Waterfowl Parts Collection Survey: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 38, no. 1, p. 26-32, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.373.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"26","endPage":"32","ipdsId":"IP-044048","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/7138f8f40aad432ebe8a479cdbd7d1f3","text":"External Repository"},{"id":285936,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285925,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.373"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53516f28e4b05569d805a021","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/wsb.373","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.373","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Pearse Aaron T., Johnson Douglas H., Richkus Kenneth D., Rohwer Frank C., Cox Robert R., Padding Paul I.","journalName":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","publicationDate":"11/8/2013","auditedOn":"11/17/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearse, Aaron T. 0000-0002-6137-1556 apearse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-1556","contributorId":1772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Aaron","email":"apearse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richkus, Kenneth D.","contributorId":34428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richkus","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rohwer, Frank C.","contributorId":71477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohwer","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cox, Robert R. Jr.","contributorId":6575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Padding, Paul I.","contributorId":38411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Padding","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70100875,"text":"ofr20141073 - 2014 - Laharz_py: GIS tools for automated mapping of lahar inundation hazard zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T10:25:22","indexId":"ofr20141073","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T09:25:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1073","title":"Laharz_py: GIS tools for automated mapping of lahar inundation hazard zones","docAbstract":"Laharz_py is written in the Python programming language as a suite of tools for use in ArcMap Geographic Information System (GIS). Primarily, Laharz_py is a computational model that uses statistical descriptions of areas inundated by past mass-flow events to forecast areas likely to be inundated by hypothetical future events. The forecasts use physically motivated and statistically calibrated power-law equations that each has a form A = cV<sup>2/3</sup>, relating mass-flow volume (V) to planimetric or cross-sectional areas (A) inundated by an average flow as it descends a given drainage. Calibration of the equations utilizes logarithmic transformation and linear regression to determine the best-fit values of c. The software uses values of V, an algorithm for idenitifying mass-flow source locations, and digital elevation models of topography to portray forecast hazard zones for lahars, debris flows, or rock avalanches on maps. Laharz_py offers two methods to construct areas of potential inundation for lahars: (1) Selection of a range of plausible V values results in a set of nested hazard zones showing areas likely to be inundated by a range of hypothetical flows; and (2) The user selects a single volume and a confidence interval for the prediction. In either case, Laharz_py calculates the mean expected A and B value from each user-selected value of V. However, for the second case, a single value of V yields two additional results representing the upper and lower values of the confidence interval of prediction. Calculation of these two bounding predictions require the statistically calibrated prediction equations, a user-specified level of confidence, and t-distribution statistics to calculate the standard error of regression, standard error of the mean, and standard error of prediction. The portrayal of results from these two methods on maps compares the range of inundation areas due to prediction uncertainties with uncertainties in selection of V values. The Open-File Report document contains an explanation of how to install and use the software. The Laharz_py software includes an example data set for Mount Rainier, Washington. The second part of the documentation describes how to use all of the Laharz_py tools in an example dataset at Mount Rainier, Washington.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141073","usgsCitation":"Schilling, S.P., 2014, Laharz_py: GIS tools for automated mapping of lahar inundation hazard zones: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1073, Report: iv, 78 p.; Laharz_py example ZIP, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141073.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 78 p.; Laharz_py example ZIP","numberOfPages":"82","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-043956","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285932,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141073.PNG"},{"id":285930,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1073/pdf/ofr2014-1073.pdf"},{"id":285912,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1073/"},{"id":285931,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1073/downloads/laharz_py_example.zip"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.258,46.160 ], [ -122.258,46.222 ], [ -122.130,46.222 ], [ -122.130,46.160 ], [ -122.258,46.160 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517051e4b05569d805a2f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, Steve P. sschilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"Steve","email":"sschilli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70057376,"text":"fs20133113 - 2014 - Assessment of potential shale oil and tight sandstone gas resources of the Assam, Bombay, Cauvery, and Krishna-Godavari Provinces, India, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T09:39:24","indexId":"fs20133113","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T09:18:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3113","title":"Assessment of potential shale oil and tight sandstone gas resources of the Assam, Bombay, Cauvery, and Krishna-Godavari Provinces, India, 2013","docAbstract":"Using a well performance-based geologic assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated a technically recoverable mean volume of 62 million barrels of oil in shale oil reservoirs, and more than 3,700 billion cubic feet of gas in tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Bombay and Krishna-Godavari Provinces of India. The term “provinces” refer to geologically defined units assessed by the USGS for the purposes of this report and carries no political or diplomatic connotation. Shale oil and tight sandstone gas reservoirs were evaluated in the Assam and Cauvery Provinces, but these reservoirs were not quantitatively assessed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133113","collaboration":"World Petroleum Resources Project","usgsCitation":"Klett, T., Schenk, C.J., Wandrey, C.J., Brownfield, M.E., Charpentier, R., Tennyson, M., and Gautier, D.L., 2014, Assessment of potential shale oil and tight sandstone gas resources of the Assam, Bombay, Cauvery, and Krishna-Godavari Provinces, India, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3113, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133113.","productDescription":"4 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052206","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285933,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133113.jpg"},{"id":285928,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3113/"},{"id":285929,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3113/pdf/fs2013-3113.pdf"}],"country":"India","state":"Assam","city":"Bombay","otherGeospatial":"Cauvery River;Krishna-godavari Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 60.0,5.0 ], [ 60.0,35.0 ], [ 100.0,35.0 ], [ 100.0,5.0 ], [ 60.0,5.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517025e4b05569d805a16a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klett, Timothy R. 0000-0001-9779-1168 tklett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-1168","contributorId":709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"Timothy R.","email":"tklett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305 schenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"schenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wandrey, Craig J. cwandrey@usgs.gov","contributorId":1590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wandrey","given":"Craig","email":"cwandrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R. charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tennyson, Marilyn E. 0000-0002-5166-2421 tennyson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5166-2421","contributorId":1433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tennyson","given":"Marilyn E.","email":"tennyson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gautier, Donald L. gautier@usgs.gov","contributorId":1310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gautier","given":"Donald","email":"gautier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70098414,"text":"ofr20141047 - 2014 - A brief test of the Hewlett-Packard MEMS seismic accelerometer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T09:20:30","indexId":"ofr20141047","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T09:11:06","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1047","title":"A brief test of the Hewlett-Packard MEMS seismic accelerometer","docAbstract":"<p>Testing was performed on a prototype of Hewlett-Packard (HP) Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) seismic accelerometer at the U.S. Geological Survey’s Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory. This prototype was built using discrete electronic components. The self-noise level was measured during low seismic background conditions and found to be 9.8 ng/√Hz at periods below 0.2 s (frequencies above 5 Hz). The six-second microseism noise was also discernible. The HP MEMS accelerometer was compared to a Geotech Model GS-13 reference seismometer during seismic noise and signal levels well above the self-noise of the accelerometer. Matching power spectral densities (corrected for accelerometer and seismometer responses to represent true ground motion) indicated that the HP MEMS accelerometer has a flat (constant) response to acceleration from 0.0125 Hz to at least 62.5 Hz. Tilt calibrations of the HP MEMS accelerometer verified that the flat response to acceleration extends to 0 Hz.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>Future development of the HP MEMS accelerometer includes replacing the discreet electronic boards with a low power application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and increasing the dynamic range of the sensor to detect strong motion signals above one gravitational acceleration, while maintaining the self-noise observed during these tests.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141047","usgsCitation":"Homeijer, B.D., Milligan, D.J., and Hutt, C.R., 2014, A brief test of the Hewlett-Packard MEMS seismic accelerometer: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1047, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141047.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053277","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285927,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141047.jpg"},{"id":285911,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1047/"},{"id":285926,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1047/pdf/ofr2014-1047.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd497be4b0b290850ef38b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Homeijer, Brian D.","contributorId":24685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homeijer","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milligan, Donald J.","contributorId":74674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milligan","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutt, Charles R. 0000-0001-9033-9195 bhutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-9195","contributorId":1622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"Charles","email":"bhutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70139238,"text":"70139238 - 2014 - Pacific walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) resource selection in the northern Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T17:48:12","indexId":"70139238","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pacific walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) resource selection in the northern Bering Sea","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Pacific walrus is a large benthivore with an annual range extending across the continental shelves of the Bering and Chukchi Seas. We used a discrete choice model to estimate site selection by adult radio-tagged walruses relative to the availability of the caloric biomass of benthic infauna and sea ice concentration in a prominent walrus wintering area in the northern Bering Sea (St. Lawrence Island polynya) in 2006, 2008, and 2009. At least 60% of the total caloric biomass of dominant macroinfauna in the study area was composed of members of the bivalve families Nuculidae, Tellinidae, and Nuculanidae. Model estimates indicated walrus site selection was related most strongly to tellinid bivalve caloric biomass distribution and that walruses selected lower ice concentrations from the mostly high ice concentrations that were available to them (quartiles: 76%, 93%, and 99%). Areas with high average predicted walrus site selection generally coincided with areas of high organic carbon input identified in other studies. Projected decreases in sea ice in the St. Lawrence Island polynya and the potential for a concomitant decline of bivalves in the region could result in a northward shift in the wintering grounds of walruses in the northern Bering Sea.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0093035","usgsCitation":"Jay, C.V., Grebmeier, J.M., Fischbach, A.S., McDonald, T.L., Cooper, L.W., and Hornsby, F., 2014, Pacific walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) resource selection in the northern Bering Sea: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 4, e93035; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093035.","productDescription":"e93035; 11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050862","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093035","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -175.9130859375,\n              61.02637030866051\n            ],\n            [\n              -175.9130859375,\n              63.6267446447533\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.189453125,\n              63.6267446447533\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.189453125,\n              61.02637030866051\n            ],\n            [\n              -175.9130859375,\n              61.02637030866051\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c20e4b08de9379b3648","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.","contributorId":48815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grebmeier","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischbach, Anthony S. 0000-0002-6555-865X afischbach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X","contributorId":2865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischbach","given":"Anthony","email":"afischbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDonald, Trent L.","contributorId":92193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"Trent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cooper, Lee W.","contributorId":106806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hornsby, Fawn","contributorId":138933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hornsby","given":"Fawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70100985,"text":"70100985 - 2014 - Land-use threats and protected areas: a scenario-based, landscape level approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T09:13:58","indexId":"70100985","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-08T11:22:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2596,"text":"Land","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land-use threats and protected areas: a scenario-based, landscape level approach","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic land use will likely present a greater challenge to biodiversity than climate change this century in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Even if species are equipped with the adaptive capacity to migrate in the face of a changing climate, they will likely encounter a human-dominated landscape as a major dispersal obstacle. Our goal was to identify, at the ecoregion-level, protected areas in close proximity to lands with a higher likelihood of future land-use conversion. Using a state-and-transition simulation model, we modeled spatially explicit (1 km<sup>2</sup>) land use from 2000 to 2100 under seven alternative land-use and emission scenarios for ecoregions in the Pacific Northwest. We analyzed scenario-based land-use conversion threats from logging, agriculture, and development near existing protected areas. A conversion threat index (CTI) was created to identify ecoregions with highest projected land-use conversion potential within closest proximity to existing protected areas. Our analysis indicated nearly 22% of land area in the Coast Range, over 16% of land area in the Puget Lowland, and nearly 11% of the Cascades had very high CTI values. Broader regional-scale land-use change is projected to impact nearly 40% of the Coast Range, 30% of the Puget Lowland, and 24% of the Cascades (i.e., two highest CTI classes). A landscape level, scenario-based approach to modeling future land use helps identify ecoregions with existing protected areas at greater risk from regional land-use threats and can help prioritize future conservation efforts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Land","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/land3020362","usgsCitation":"Wilson, T.S., Sleeter, B.M., Sleeter, R., and Soulard, C.E., 2014, Land-use threats and protected areas: a scenario-based, landscape level approach: Land, v. 3, no. 2, p. 362-389, https://doi.org/10.3390/land3020362.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"362","endPage":"389","numberOfPages":"28","ipdsId":"IP-052848","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land3020362","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":285882,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land3020362"},{"id":285886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -132.0,34.0 ], [ -132.0,50.0 ], [ -115.0,50.0 ], [ -115.0,34.0 ], [ -132.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517051e4b05569d805a2fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Tamara S.","contributorId":36640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sleeter, Rachel R.","contributorId":7946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Rachel R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70099612,"text":"70099612 - 2014 - Adverse moisture events predict seasonal abundance of Lyme disease vector ticks (Ixodes scapularis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T14:37:02","indexId":"70099612","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-08T10:04:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3010,"text":"Parasites & Vectors","printIssn":"1756-3305","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Adverse moisture events predict seasonal abundance of Lyme disease vector ticks (<i>Ixodes scapularis</i>)","title":"Adverse moisture events predict seasonal abundance of Lyme disease vector ticks (Ixodes scapularis)","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Background</strong>: Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most commonly reported vector-borne disease in north temperate regions worldwide, affecting an estimated 300,000 people annually in the United States alone. The incidence of LB is correlated with human exposure to its vector, the blacklegged tick (<i>Ixodes scapularis</i>). To date, attempts to model tick encounter risk based on environmental parameters have been equivocal. Previous studies have not considered (1) the differences between relative humidity (RH) in leaf litter and at weather stations, (2) the RH threshold that affects nymphal blacklegged tick survival, and (3) the time required below the threshold to induce mortality. We clarify the association between environmental moisture and tick survival by presenting a significant relationship between the total number of tick adverse moisture events (TAMEs - calculated as microclimatic periods below a RH threshold) and tick abundance each year.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: We used a 14-year continuous statewide tick surveillance database and corresponding weather data from Rhode Island (RI), USA, to assess the effects of TAMEs on nymphal populations of <i>I. scapularis</i>. These TAMEs were defined as extended periods of time (&gt;8 h below 82% RH in leaf litter). We fit a sigmoid curve comparing weather station data to those collected by loggers placed in tick habitats to estimate RH experienced by nymphal ticks, and compiled the number of historical TAMEs during the 14-year record.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: The total number of TAMEs in June of each year was negatively related to total seasonal nymphal tick densities, suggesting that sub-threshold humidity episodes &gt;8 h in duration naturally lowered nymphal blacklegged tick abundance. Furthermore, TAMEs were positively related to the ratio of tick abundance early in the season when compared to late season, suggesting that lower than average tick abundance for a given year resulted from tick mortality and not from other factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Our results clarify the mechanism by which environmental moisture affects blacklegged tick populations, and offers the possibility to more accurately predict tick abundance and human LB incidence. We describe a method to forecast LB risk in endemic regions and identify the predictive role of microclimatic moisture conditions on tick encounter risk.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/1756-3305-7-181","usgsCitation":"Berger, K.A., Ginsberg, H.S., Dugas, K.D., Hamel, L.H., and Mather, T., 2014, Adverse moisture events predict seasonal abundance of Lyme disease vector ticks (Ixodes scapularis): Parasites & Vectors, v. 7, no. 181, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-181.","productDescription":"8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-055702","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473063,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-181","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288056,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-181"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.8923,41.1467 ], [ -71.8923,42.0188 ], [ -71.1205,42.0188 ], [ -71.1205,41.1467 ], [ -71.8923,41.1467 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"7","issue":"181","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53903fe1e4b04eea98bf84df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, Kathryn A.","contributorId":22693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ginsberg, Howard S. 0000-0002-4933-2466 hginsberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2466","contributorId":3204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"Howard","email":"hginsberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dugas, Katherine D.","contributorId":46878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugas","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamel, Lutz H.","contributorId":41747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamel","given":"Lutz","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mather, Thomas N.","contributorId":67419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Thomas N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70099600,"text":"sir20145037 - 2014 - Statistics for stochastic modeling of volume reduction, hydrograph extension, and water-quality treatment by structural stormwater runoff best management practices (BMPs)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-07T14:30:37","indexId":"sir20145037","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-07T14:25:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5037","title":"Statistics for stochastic modeling of volume reduction, hydrograph extension, and water-quality treatment by structural stormwater runoff best management practices (BMPs)","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM) in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to indicate the risk for stormwater concentrations, flows, and loads to be above user-selected water-quality goals and the potential effectiveness of mitigation measures to reduce such risks. SELDM models the potential effect of mitigation measures by using Monte Carlo methods with statistics that approximate the net effects of structural and nonstructural best management practices (BMPs). In this report, structural BMPs are defined as the components of the drainage pathway between the source of runoff and a stormwater discharge location that affect the volume, timing, or quality of runoff. SELDM uses a simple stochastic statistical model of BMP performance to develop planning-level estimates of runoff-event characteristics. This statistical approach can be used to represent a single BMP or an assemblage of BMPs. The SELDM BMP-treatment module has provisions for stochastic modeling of three stormwater treatments: volume reduction, hydrograph extension, and water-quality treatment. In SELDM, these three treatment variables are modeled by using the trapezoidal distribution and the rank correlation with the associated highway-runoff variables. This report describes methods for calculating the trapezoidal-distribution statistics and rank correlation coefficients for stochastic modeling of volume reduction, hydrograph extension, and water-quality treatment by structural stormwater BMPs and provides the calculated values for these variables. This report also provides robust methods for estimating the minimum irreducible concentration (MIC), which is the lowest expected effluent concentration from a particular BMP site or a class of BMPs. These statistics are different from the statistics commonly used to characterize or compare BMPs. They are designed to provide a stochastic transfer function to approximate the quantity, duration, and quality of BMP effluent given the associated inflow values for a population of storm events. A database application and several spreadsheet tools are included in the digital media accompanying this report for further documentation of methods and for future use.</p>\n<br>\n<p>In this study, analyses were done with data extracted from a modified copy of the January 2012 version of International Stormwater Best Management Practices Database, designated herein as the January 2012a version. Statistics for volume reduction, hydrograph extension, and water-quality treatment were developed with selected data. Sufficient data were available to estimate statistics for 5 to 10 BMP categories by using data from 40 to more than 165 monitoring sites. Water-quality treatment statistics were developed for 13 runoff-quality constituents commonly measured in highway and urban runoff studies including turbidity, sediment and solids; nutrients; total metals; organic carbon; and fecal coliforms. The medians of the best-fit statistics for each category were selected to construct generalized cumulative distribution functions for the three treatment variables. For volume reduction and hydrograph extension, interpretation of available data indicates that selection of a Spearman’s rho value that is the average of the median and maximum values for the BMP category may help generate realistic simulation results in SELDM. The median rho value may be selected to help generate realistic simulation results for water-quality treatment variables.</p>\n<br>\n<p>MIC statistics were developed for 12 runoff-quality constituents commonly measured in highway and urban runoff studies by using data from 11 BMP categories and more than 167 monitoring sites. Four statistical techniques were applied for estimating MIC values with monitoring data from each site. These techniques produce a range of lower-bound estimates for each site. Four MIC estimators are proposed as alternatives for selecting a value from among the estimates from multiple sites. Correlation analysis indicates that the MIC estimates from multiple sites were weakly correlated with the geometric mean of inflow values, which indicates that there may be a qualitative or semiquantitative link between the inflow quality and the MIC. Correlations probably are weak because the MIC is influenced by the inflow water quality and the capability of each individual BMP site to reduce inflow concentrations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145037","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Office of Project Development and Environmental Review","usgsCitation":"Granato, G., 2014, Statistics for stochastic modeling of volume reduction, hydrograph extension, and water-quality treatment by structural stormwater runoff best management practices (BMPs): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5037, Report: vii, 37 p.; Digital media, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145037.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 37 p.; Digital media","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053232","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285854,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145037.jpg"},{"id":285853,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5037/sir2014-5037.zip"},{"id":285851,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5037/pdf/sir2014-5037.pdf"},{"id":284444,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5037/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517065e4b05569d805a3cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":1692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory E.","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70100897,"text":"70100897 - 2014 - Serologic evidence of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in northern sea otters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T14:17:35","indexId":"70100897","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-07T14:13:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1493,"text":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Serologic evidence of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in northern sea otters","docAbstract":"<p>Sporadic epizootics of pneumonia among marine mammals have been associated with multiple animal-origin influenza A virus subtypes (1&ndash;6); seals are the only known nonhuman host for influenza B viruses (7). Recently, we reported serologic evidence of influenza A virus infection in free-ranging northern sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris kenyoni</i>) captured off the coast of Washington, USA, in August 2011 (8). To investigate further which influenza A virus subtype infected these otters, we tested serum samples from these otters by ELISA for antibody-binding activity against 12 recombinant hemagglutinins (rHAs) from 7 influenza A hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes and 2 lineages of influenza B virus (Technical Appendix Table 1). Estimated ages for the otters were 2&ndash;19 years (Technical Appendix Table 2); we also tested archived serum samples from sea otters of similar ages collected from a study conducted during 2001&ndash;2002 along the Washington coast (9).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi":"10.3201/eid2005.131890","usgsCitation":"Li, Z., Ip, S., Frost, J.F., White, C.L., Murray, M., Carney, P.J., Sun, X., Stevens, J., Levine, M.Z., and Katz, J.M., 2014, Serologic evidence of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in northern sea otters: Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 20, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2005.131890.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053184","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2005.131890","text":"Publisher Index 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LeAnn 0000-0002-5004-5165 clwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-5165","contributorId":4315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"C.","email":"clwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LeAnn","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murray, Michael J.","contributorId":8384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Carney, Paul J.","contributorId":75062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carney","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sun, Xiang-Jie","contributorId":88266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Xiang-Jie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stevens, James","contributorId":83026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Levine, Min Z.","contributorId":83442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levine","given":"Min","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Katz, Jacqueline M.","contributorId":48480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70095525,"text":"ofr20121024G - 2014 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Denver Basin, Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70095525,"text":"ofr20121024G - 2014 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Denver Basin, Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska","indexId":"ofr20121024G","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Denver Basin, Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70093199,"text":"ofr20121024 - 2012 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","indexId":"ofr20121024","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70093199,"text":"ofr20121024 - 2012 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","indexId":"ofr20121024","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T20:59:27.369307","indexId":"ofr20121024G","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-07T13:39:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1024","chapter":"G","title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Denver Basin, Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska","docAbstract":"<p>This is a report about the geologic characteristics of five storage assessment units (SAUs) within the Denver Basin of Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska. These SAUs are Cretaceous in age and include (1) the Plainview and Lytle Formations, (2) the Muddy Sandstone, (3) the Greenhorn Limestone, (4) the Niobrara Formation and Codell Sandstone, and (5) the Terry and Hygiene Sandstone Members. The described characteristics, as specified in the methodology, affect the potential carbon dioxide storage resource in the SAUs. The specific geologic and petrophysical properties of interest include depth to the top of the storage formation, average thickness, net-porous thickness, porosity, permeability, groundwater quality, and the area of structural reservoir traps. Descriptions of the SAU boundaries and the overlying sealing units are also included. Assessment results are not contained in this report; however, the geologic information included here will be used to calculate a statistical Monte Carlo-based distribution of potential storage volume in the SAUs.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources (Open-File Report 2012-1024)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121024G","usgsCitation":"Drake, R.M., Brennan, S.T., Covault, J.A., Blondes, M., Freeman, P., Cahan, S.M., DeVera, C.A., and Lohr, C., 2014, Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Denver Basin, Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1024, Report: vi, 17 p.; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121024G.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 17 p.; Data Files","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051314","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285835,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/g/downloads/SAU_C5039.zip","text":"Storage Assessment Units","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":285836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121024G.jpg"},{"id":285834,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/g/downloads/Cell_C5039.zip","text":"Well Density","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":285832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/g/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285833,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/g/pdf/ofr2012-1024g.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.52 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Projection","country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Nebraska, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Denver Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.0,38.0 ], [ -107.0,43.0 ], [ -101.0,43.0 ], [ -101.0,38.0 ], [ -107.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517040e4b05569d805a21b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, Ronald M. II 0000-0002-1770-4667 rmdrake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1770-4667","contributorId":1353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"Ronald","suffix":"II","email":"rmdrake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brennan, Sean T. 0000-0002-7102-9359 sbrennan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7102-9359","contributorId":559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Sean","email":"sbrennan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Covault, Jacob A.","contributorId":35951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covault","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blondes, Madalyn S. 0000-0003-0320-0107 mblondes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-0107","contributorId":3598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blondes","given":"Madalyn S.","email":"mblondes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Freeman, P.A. 0000-0002-0863-7431 pfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-7431","contributorId":3154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"P.A.","email":"pfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cahan, Steven M. 0000-0002-4776-3668 scahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-3668","contributorId":4529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahan","given":"Steven","email":"scahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"DeVera, Christina A. 0000-0002-4691-6108 cdevera@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4691-6108","contributorId":3845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeVera","given":"Christina","email":"cdevera@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lohr, Celeste D. 0000-0001-6287-9047 clohr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-9047","contributorId":3866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr","given":"Celeste D.","email":"clohr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70100884,"text":"70100884 - 2014 - Polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations of burbot Lota lota from Great Slave Lake are very low but vary by sex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-08T08:28:44","indexId":"70100884","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-07T11:17:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations of burbot Lota lota from Great Slave Lake are very low but vary by sex","docAbstract":"Total polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations (ΣPCBs) in whole fish were determined for 18 ripe female burbot Lota lota and 14 ripe male burbot from Great Slave Lake, a lake with no known point sources of PCBs.  In addition, ΣPCBs were determined both in the somatic tissue and in the gonads for a randomly selected subset of five females and five males.  Mean ΣPCBs for females and males were 2.89 and 3.76 ng/g, respectively.  Thus, males were 30 % greater in ΣPCB than females.  Based on ΣPCB determinations for somatic tissue and gonads, ΣPCBs of females and males would be expected to decrease by 18 % and increase by 6 %, respectively, immediately after spawning due to release of gametes.  Results from a previous study in eastern Lake Erie indicated that males were 28 and 71 % greater in ΣPCB than females from populations of younger (ages 6-13) and older (ages 14-17) burbot, respectively.  Thus, although younger burbot from Lake Erie were about 50 times greater in ΣPCB than Great Slave Lake burbot, the relative difference in ΣPCBs between the sexes was remarkably similar across both populations.  Our results supported the contention that the widening of the difference in ΣPCBs between the sexes in older burbot from Lake Erie was attributable to a “hot spot” effect operating on older burbot, as Lake Erie has received PCB point source loadings.  Our results also supported the contention that male fish expend energy at a rate between 15 and 30 % greater than that of females.  Eventually, these results will be useful in developing sex-specific bioenergetics models for fish.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-014-0015-9","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C.P., Stapanian, M.A., Cott, P.A., Rediske, R.R., and O'Keefe, J., 2014, Polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations of burbot Lota lota from Great Slave Lake are very low but vary by sex: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 66, no. 4, p. 529-537, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-014-0015-9.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"529","endPage":"537","ipdsId":"IP-052858","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285779,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285775,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-014-0015-9"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Great Slave Lake;Northwest Territories","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.8045,60.828 ], [ -116.8045,62.9586 ], [ -108.8961,62.9586 ], [ -108.8961,60.828 ], [ -116.8045,60.828 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"66","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351705ae4b05569d805a364","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stapanian, Martin A. 0000-0001-8173-4273 mstapanian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-4273","contributorId":3425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"Martin","email":"mstapanian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cott, Peter A.","contributorId":64160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cott","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rediske, Richard R.","contributorId":79053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rediske","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O'Keefe, James P.","contributorId":99499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Keefe","given":"James P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70100749,"text":"70100749 - 2014 - Fathead minnow and bluegill sunfish life-stage responses to 17β-estradiol exposure in outdoor mesocosms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T16:40:57","indexId":"70100749","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-07T11:03:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fathead minnow and bluegill sunfish life-stage responses to 17β-estradiol exposure in outdoor mesocosms","docAbstract":"Developmental and reproductive effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) exposure on two generations of fathead minnows and one generation of bluegill sunfish were assessed. Fish were exposed to E2 for six continuous weeks in outdoor mesocosms simulating natural lake environments. First generation fish were exposed while sexually mature. Second generation fathead minnows were exposed either during early development, sexual maturity, or both stages. Multiple endpoints were measured to assess effects of E2 exposure on fecundity and fish health and development. Plasma vitellogenin concentrations were highly variable in all fish. Differences in egg production timing for both species indicate differences in fecundity between females exposed to E2 and controls. First generation fathead minnows exposed to E2 had lower body condition factors and reduced secondary sexual characteristic expression by males. Only a difference in relative liver weight was observed in second generation fathead minnows. First generation bluegill males exposed to E2 had significantly smaller testes compared to controls. Although fish response was highly variable, results indicate that exposure to E2 at environmentally relevant concentrations affect fathead minnow and bluegill sunfish health and development, which may have implications for the health and sustainability of fish populations. Furthermore, exposure timing and environmental factors affect fish response to E2 exposure.","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12169","usgsCitation":"Elliott, S.M., Kiesling, R.L., Jorgenson, Z.G., Rearick, D.C., Schoenfuss, H.L., Fredricks, K., and Gaikowski, M.P., 2014, Fathead minnow and bluegill sunfish life-stage responses to 17β-estradiol exposure in outdoor mesocosms: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 50, no. 2, p. 376-387, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12169.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"376","endPage":"387","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-015888","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285772,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285749,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12169"}],"volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351703ae4b05569d805a200","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Sarah M. 0000-0002-1414-3024 selliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-3024","contributorId":1472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Sarah","email":"selliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kiesling, Richard L. 0000-0002-3017-1826 kiesling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3017-1826","contributorId":1837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiesling","given":"Richard","email":"kiesling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jorgenson, Zachary G.","contributorId":69476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13317,"text":"Saint Cloud State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":492427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rearick, Daniel C.","contributorId":38897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rearick","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schoenfuss, Heiko L.","contributorId":76409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoenfuss","given":"Heiko","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13317,"text":"Saint Cloud State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":492428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fredricks, Kim T. 0000-0003-2363-7891 kfredricks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2363-7891","contributorId":5163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredricks","given":"Kim T.","email":"kfredricks@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70101024,"text":"70101024 - 2014 - Blood lead concentrations in Alaskan tundra swans: linking breeding and wintering areas with satellite telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:53:03","indexId":"70101024","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-07T10:55:47","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blood lead concentrations in Alaskan tundra swans: linking breeding and wintering areas with satellite telemetry","docAbstract":"Tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus) like many waterfowl species are susceptible to lead (Pb) poisoning, and Pb-induced mortality has been reported from many areas of their wintering range. Little is known however about Pb levels throughout the annual cycle of tundra swans, especially during summer when birds are on remote northern breeding areas where they are less likely to be exposed to anthropogenic sources of Pb. Our objective was to document summer Pb levels in tundra swans throughout their breeding range in Alaska to determine if there were population-specific differences in blood Pb concentrations that might pose a threat to swans and to humans that may consume them. We measured blood Pb concentrations in tundra swans at five locations in Alaska, representing birds that winter in both the Pacific Flyway and Atlantic Flyway. We also marked swans at each location with satellite transmitters and coded neck bands, to identify staging and wintering sites and determine if winter site use correlated with summer Pb concentrations. Blood Pb levels were generally low ( &lt; 0.2 μg/ml) in swans across all breeding areas. Pb levels were lower in cygnets than adults, suggesting that swans were likely exposed to Pb on wintering areas or on return migration to Alaska, rather than on the summer breeding grounds. Blood Pb levels varied significantly across the five breeding areas, with highest concentrations in birds on the North Slope of Alaska (wintering in the Atlantic Flyway), and lowest in birds from the lower Alaska Peninsula that rarely migrate south for winter.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-014-1192-z","usgsCitation":"Ely, C.R., and Franson, C., 2014, Blood lead concentrations in Alaskan tundra swans: linking breeding and wintering areas with satellite telemetry: Ecotoxicology, v. 23, no. 3, p. 349-356, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-014-1192-z.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"349","endPage":"356","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053240","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285949,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-014-1192-z"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -141.240234375,\n              69.7181066990676\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.09375,\n              71.41317683396566\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.55273437499997,\n              68.75231494434473\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.57421875,\n              65.47650756256367\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.41015625,\n              59.62332522313024\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.345703125,\n              57.562995459387146\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.16796875,\n              54.36775852406841\n            ],\n            [\n              -177.890625,\n              52.482780222078205\n            ],\n            [\n              -187.3828125,\n              53.54030739150022\n            ],\n            [\n              -187.998046875,\n              52.429222277955134\n            ],\n            [\n              -177.275390625,\n              51.01375465718821\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.904296875,\n              52.802761415419674\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.279296875,\n              54.77534585936447\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.611328125,\n              56.84897198026975\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.99609375,\n              58.768200159239576\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.42578125,\n              59.84481485969105\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              59.57885104663186\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.240234375,\n              69.7181066990676\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517029e4b05569d805a17b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":58941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"Christian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70100885,"text":"70100885 - 2014 - A multispecies statistical age-structured model to assess predator-prey balance: application to an intensively managed Lake Michigan pelagic fish community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-08T08:32:36","indexId":"70100885","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-07T10:23:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multispecies statistical age-structured model to assess predator-prey balance: application to an intensively managed Lake Michigan pelagic fish community","docAbstract":"Using a Bayesian model fitting approach, we developed a multispecies statistical catch-at-age model to assess trade-offs between predatory demands and prey productivities, focusing on the Lake Michigan pelagic fish community. We assessed these trade-offs in terms of predation mortalities and productivities of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) and functional responses of salmonines. Our predation mortality estimates suggest that salmonine consumption has been a major driver of historical fluctuations in prey abundance, with sharp declines in alewife abundance in the 1980s and 2000s coinciding with estimated increases in predation mortalities. While Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were food limited during periods of low alewife abundance, other salmonines appeared to maintain a (near) maximum per-predator consumption across all observed prey densities, suggesting that feedback mechanisms are unlikely to help maintain a balance between predator consumption and prey productivity in Lake Michigan. This study demonstrates that a multispecies modeling approach that combines stock assessment methods with explicit consideration of predator–prey interactions could provide the basis for tactical decision-making from a broader ecosystem perspective.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2013-0313","usgsCitation":"Tsehaye, I., Jones, M., Bence, J., Brenden, T.O., Madenjian, C.P., and Warner, D.M., 2014, A multispecies statistical age-structured model to assess predator-prey balance: application to an intensively managed Lake Michigan pelagic fish community: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 71, no. 4, p. 627-644, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0313.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"627","endPage":"644","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-052567","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285771,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285770,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0313"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.0489,41.6199 ], [ -88.0489,46.1023 ], [ -84.756,46.1023 ], [ -84.756,41.6199 ], [ -88.0489,41.6199 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"71","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53516ef2e4b05569d8059f2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tsehaye, Iyob","contributorId":106801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsehaye","given":"Iyob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":7219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":492449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bence, James R.","contributorId":95026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bence","given":"James R.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":492451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brenden, Travis O.","contributorId":13876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenden","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Warner, David M. 0000-0003-4939-5368 dmwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-5368","contributorId":2986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"David","email":"dmwarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70095800,"text":"ofr20141050 - 2014 - Projecting climate effects on birds and reptiles of the Southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:45:42","indexId":"ofr20141050","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-07T09:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1050","title":"Projecting climate effects on birds and reptiles of the Southwestern United States","docAbstract":"<p>We modeled the current and future breeding ranges of seven bird and five reptile species in the Southwestern United States with sets of landscape, biotic (plant), and climatic global circulation model (GCM) variables.</p>\n<br>\n<p>For modeling purposes, we used PRISM data to characterize the climate of the Western United States between 1980 and 2009 (baseline for birds) and between 1940 and 2009 (baseline for reptiles). In contrast, we used a pre-selected set of GCMs that are known to be good predictors of southwestern climate (five individual and one ensemble GCM), for the A1B emission scenario, to characterize future climatic conditions in three time periods (2010–39; 2040–69; and, 2070–99).</p>\n<br>\n<p>Our modeling approach relied on conceptual models for each target species to inform selection of candidate explanatory variables and to interpret the ecological meaning of developed probabilistic distribution models. We employed logistic regression and maximum entropy modeling techniques to create a set of probabilistic models for each target species.</p>\n<br>\n<p>We considered climatic, landscape, and plant variables when developing and testing our probabilistic models. Climatic variables included the maximum and minimum mean monthly and seasonal temperature and precipitation for three time periods. Landscape features included terrain ruggedness and insolation. We also considered plant species distributions as candidate explanatory variables where prior ecological knowledge implicated a strong association between a plant and animal species.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Projected changes in range varied widely among species, from major losses to major gains.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Breeding bird ranges exhibited greater expansions and contractions than did reptile species.</p>\n<br>\n<p>We project range losses for Williamson’s sapsucker and pygmy nuthatch of a magnitude that could move these two species close to extinction within the next century. Although both species currently have a relatively limited distribution, they can be locally common, and neither are presently considered candidates for prospective endangerment.</p>\n<br>\n<p>We project range losses of over 40 percent, from its current extent of occurrence, for the plateau striped whiptail, Arizona black rattlesnake, and common lesser earless lizard. Currently, these reptile species are thought to be common or at least locally abundant throughout their ranges.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The total contribution of plants in each distribution model was very small, but models that contained at least one plant always outperformed models with only physical variables (climatic or landscape). The magnitude of change in projected range increased further into the future, especially when a plant was in the model.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Among bird species, those that had the strongest association with a landscape feature during the breeding season, such as terrain ruggedness and insolation, exhibited the smallest contractions in projected breeding range in the future. In contrast, bird species that had weak associations with landscape features, but strong climatic associations, suffered the greatest breeding range contractions. Thus, landscape effects appeared to buffer some of the negative effects of climate change for some species.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Among bird species, magnitude of change in projected breeding range was positively related to the annual average temperature of their baseline distribution, thus species with the warmest breeding ranges exhibited the greatest changes in future breeding ranges. This pattern was not evident for reptiles, but might exist if additional species were included in the model.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Our results provide managers with a series of projected range maps that will enable scientists, concerned citizens, and wildlife managers to identify what the potential effects of climate change will be on bird and reptile distributions in the Western United States. We hope that our results can be used in proactive ways to mitigate some of the potential effects of climate change on selected species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141050","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"van Riper, C., Hatten, J.R., Giermakowski, J.T., Mattson, D., Holmes, J., Johnson, M.J., Nowak, E., Ironside, K., Peters, M., Heinrich, P., Cole, K., Truettner, C., and Schwalbe, C.R., 2014, Projecting climate effects on birds and reptiles of the Southwestern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1050, x, 100 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141050.","productDescription":"x, 100 p.","numberOfPages":"112","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-040401","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141050.jpg"},{"id":285757,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1050/pdf/ofr2014-1050.pdf"},{"id":285756,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1050/"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau;Sonoran Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.88,29.35 ], [ -124.88,49.0 ], [ -102.04,49.0 ], [ -102.04,29.35 ], [ -124.88,29.35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351705ce4b05569d805a37b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatten, James R. 0000-0003-4676-8093 jhatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-8093","contributorId":3431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatten","given":"James","email":"jhatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giermakowski, J. Tomasz","contributorId":98630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giermakowski","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Tomasz","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mattson, David","contributorId":75047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holmes, Jennifer A.","contributorId":86437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Jennifer A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Matthew J. mjjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Matthew","email":"mjjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":27989,"text":"Colorado Plateau Research Station, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":491447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nowak, Erika M.","contributorId":14062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"Erika M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ironside, Kirsten","contributorId":19808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ironside","given":"Kirsten","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Peters, Michael","contributorId":35643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Heinrich, Paul","contributorId":63308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinrich","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Cole, K.L.","contributorId":87507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Truettner, C.","contributorId":7615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truettner","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Schwalbe, Cecil R. cschwalbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":3077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"Cecil","email":"cschwalbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70100991,"text":"70100991 - 2014 - Parasite-mediated selection drives an immunogenetic tradeoff in plains zebra (Equus quagga)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T10:02:29","indexId":"70100991","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-06T09:58:09","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parasite-mediated selection drives an immunogenetic tradeoff in plains zebra (Equus quagga)","docAbstract":"Pathogen evasion of the host immune system is a key force driving extreme polymorphism in genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Although this gene family is well characterized in structure and function, there is still much debate surrounding the mechanisms by which MHC diversity is selectively maintained. Many studies have investigated relationships between MHC variation and specific pathogens, and have found mixed support for and against the hypotheses of heterozygote advantage, frequency-dependent or fluctuating selection. Few, however, have focused on the selective effects of multiple parasite types on host immunogenetic patterns. Here, we examined relationships between variation in the equine MHC gene, ELA-DRA, and both gastrointestinal (GI) and ectoparasitism in plains zebras (Equus quagga). Specific alleles present at opposing population frequencies had antagonistic effects, with rare alleles associated with increased GI parasitism and common alleles with increased tick burdens. These results support a frequency-dependent mechanism, but are also consistent with fluctuating selection. Maladaptive GI parasite ‘susceptibility alleles’ were reduced in frequency, suggesting that these parasites may play a greater selective role at this locus. Heterozygote advantage, in terms of allele mutational divergence, also predicted decreased GI parasite burden in genotypes with a common allele. We conclude that an immunogenetic trade-off affects resistance/susceptibility to parasites in this system. Because GI and ectoparasites do not directly interact within hosts, our results uniquely show that antagonistic parasite interactions can be indirectly modulated through the host immune system. This study highlights the importance of investigating the role of multiple parasites in shaping patterns of host immunogenetic variation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2014.0077","usgsCitation":"Kamath, P.L., Turner, W., Kusters, M., and Getz, W.M., 2014, Parasite-mediated selection drives an immunogenetic tradeoff in plains zebra (Equus quagga): Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 281, no. 1783, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0077.","ipdsId":"IP-050719","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0077","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":285938,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285937,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0077"}],"volume":"281","issue":"1783","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517059e4b05569d805a359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kamath, Pauline L. pkamath@usgs.gov","contributorId":4517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamath","given":"Pauline","email":"pkamath@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Wendy C.","contributorId":36458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Wendy C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kusters, Martina","contributorId":91785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kusters","given":"Martina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Getz, Wayne M.","contributorId":64563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Getz","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70103038,"text":"70103038 - 2014 - Differential invasion success of salmonids in southern Chile: patterns and hypotheses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-28T15:38:45","indexId":"70103038","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-05T15:31:11","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3278,"text":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differential invasion success of salmonids in southern Chile: patterns and hypotheses","docAbstract":"Biological invasions create complex ecological and societal issues worldwide. Most of the knowledge about invasions comes only from successful invaders, but less is known about which processes determine the differential success of invasions. In this review, we develop a framework to identify the main dimensions driving the success and failure of invaders, including human influences, characteristics of the invader, and biotic interactions. We apply this framework by contrasting hypotheses and available evidence to explain variability in invasion success for 12 salmonids introduced to Chile. The success of Oncorhynchus mykiss and Salmo trutta seems to be influenced by a context-specific combination of their phenotypic plasticity, low ecosystem resistance, and propagule pressure. These well-established invaders may limit the success of subsequently introduced salmonids, with the possible exception of O. tshawytscha, which has a short freshwater residency and limited spatial overlap with trout. Although propagule pressure is high for O. kisutch and S. salar due to their intensive use in aquaculture, their lack of success in Chile may be explained by environmental resistance, including earlier spawning times than in their native ranges, and interactions with previously established and resident Rainbow Trout. Other salmonids have also failed to establish, and they exhibit a suite of ecological traits, environmental resistance, and limited propagule pressure that are variably associated with their lack of success. Collectively, understanding how the various drivers of invasion success interact may explain the differential success of invaders and provide key guidance for managing both positive and negative outcomes associated with their presence.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11160-014-9351-0","usgsCitation":"Arismendi, I., Penaluna, B.E., Dunham, J., García de Leaniz, C., Soto, D., Fleming, I.A., Gomez-Uchidam, D., Gajardo, G., Vargas, P.V., and Leon-Munoz, J., 2014, Differential invasion success of salmonids in southern Chile: patterns and hypotheses: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-014-9351-0.","ipdsId":"IP-052794","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=3430678","text":"External Repository"},{"id":286744,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286731,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-014-9351-0"},{"id":286732,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11160-014-9351-0"}],"country":"Chile","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.45,-55.98 ], [ -109.45,-17.5 ], [ -66.42,-17.5 ], [ -66.42,-55.98 ], [ -109.45,-55.98 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535f786ce4b078dca33ae35b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arismendi, Ivan","contributorId":70661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arismendi","given":"Ivan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Penaluna, Brooke E.","contributorId":104817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penaluna","given":"Brooke","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":1808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"García de Leaniz, Carlos","contributorId":73922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"García de Leaniz","given":"Carlos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Soto, Doris","contributorId":87069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soto","given":"Doris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fleming, Ian A.","contributorId":77495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gomez-Uchidam, Daniel","contributorId":75854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez-Uchidam","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gajardo, Gonzalo","contributorId":96195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gajardo","given":"Gonzalo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Vargas, Pamela V.","contributorId":81414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vargas","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Leon-Munoz, Jorge","contributorId":63318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leon-Munoz","given":"Jorge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70110902,"text":"70110902 - 2014 - Viruses as groundwater tracers: using ecohydrology to characterize short travel times in aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-02T08:41:02","indexId":"70110902","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-05T08:28:23","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Viruses as groundwater tracers: using ecohydrology to characterize short travel times in aquifers","docAbstract":"Viruses are attractive tracers of short (<3 year) travel times in aquifers because they have unique genetic signatures, are detectable in trace quantities, and are mobile in groundwater. Virus “snaphots” result from infection and disappearance in a population over time; therefore, the virus snapshot shed in the fecal wastes of an infected population at a specific point in time can serve as a marker for tracking virus and groundwater movement. The virus tracing approach and an example application are described to illustrate their ability to characterize travel times in high-groundwater velocity settings, and provide insight unavailable from standard hydrogeologic approaches. Although characterization of preferential flowpaths does not usually characterize the majority of other travel times occurring in the groundwater system (e.g., center of plume mass; tail of the breakthrough curve), virus approaches can trace very short times of transport, and thus can fill an important gap in our current hydrogeology toolbox.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12158","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., Borchardt, M., and Bradbury, K.R., 2014, Viruses as groundwater tracers: using ecohydrology to characterize short travel times in aquifers: Ground Water, v. 52, no. 2, p. 187-193, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12158.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"193","ipdsId":"IP-050901","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287936,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287935,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12158"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae789fe4b0abf75cf2db23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Borchardt, Mark A.","contributorId":106255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchardt","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradbury, Kenneth R.","contributorId":49419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70100765,"text":"70100765 - 2014 - Identifying marine Important Bird Areas using at-sea survey data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-04T15:51:07","indexId":"70100765","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-04T15:47:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying marine Important Bird Areas using at-sea survey data","docAbstract":"Effective marine bird conservation requires identification of at-sea locations used by populations for foraging, staging, and migration. Using an extensive database of at-sea survey data spanning over 30 years, we developed a standardized and data-driven spatial method for identifying globally significant marine Important Bird Areas in Alaska. To delineate these areas we developed a six-step process: binning data and accounting for unequal survey effort, filtering input data for persistence of species use, using a moving window analysis to produce maps representing a gradient from low to high abundance, drawing core area boundaries around major concentrations based on abundance thresholds, validating the results, and combining overlapping boundaries into important areas for multiple species. We identified 126 bird core areas which were merged into 59 pelagic sites important to 45 out of 57 species assessed. The final areas included approximately 34–38% of all marine birds in Alaska waters, within just 6% of the total area. We identified globally significant Important Bird Areas spanning 20 degrees of latitude and 56 degrees of longitude, in two different oceans, with climates ranging from temperate to polar. Although our maps did suffer from some data gaps, these gaps did not preclude us from identifying sites that incorporated 13% of the assessed continental waterbird population and 9% of the assessed global seabird population. The application of this technique over a large and productive region worked well for a wide range of birds, exhibiting a variety of foraging strategies and occupying a variety of ecosystem types.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.039","usgsCitation":"Smith, M.A., Walker, N.J., Free, C.M., Kirchhoff, M.J., Drew, G.S., Warnock, N., and Stenhouse, I.J., 2014, Identifying marine Important Bird Areas using at-sea survey data: Biological Conservation, v. 172, p. 180-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.039.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"180","endPage":"189","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-051043","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285754,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.039"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea;Chukchi Sea;East Bering Sea;Gulf Of Alaska;West Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 130.5,47.9 ], [ 130.5,74.7 ], [ -167.6,74.7 ], [ -167.6,47.9 ], [ 130.5,47.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"172","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351704ee4b05569d805a2db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Melanie A.","contributorId":31305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, Nathan J.","contributorId":90210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Free, Christopher M.","contributorId":40895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Free","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirchhoff, Matthew J.","contributorId":31306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirchhoff","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Drew, Gary S. 0000-0002-6789-0891 gdrew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-0891","contributorId":3311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"Gary","email":"gdrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Warnock, Nils","contributorId":64534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warnock","given":"Nils","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stenhouse, Iain J.","contributorId":23434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenhouse","given":"Iain","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70100419,"text":"ofr20141069 - 2014 - Post-release behavior and movement patterns of Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and coho salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>) after capture using alternative commercial fish gear, lower Columbia River, Washington and Oregon, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-26T10:16:48","indexId":"ofr20141069","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-04T13:16:13","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1069","title":"Post-release behavior and movement patterns of Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and coho salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>) after capture using alternative commercial fish gear, lower Columbia River, Washington and Oregon, 2013","docAbstract":"<p>Commercial salmon <i>Oncorhynchus </i>spp. fishers traditionally have used gill nets, and more recently tangle nets, to capture adult salmon in the lower Columbia River, Washington and Oregon, but these gear types are not selective and can result in unintentional injury or death to non-target species, which is a problem when wild or Endangered Species Act-listed salmon are present. Gill and tangle nets capture fish through physical retention. Gill nets have mesh sizes that are slightly larger than the diameter of the head of the target species so that a fish moving through the net becomes entangled behind its operculum. Tangle nets have mesh sizes that are smaller than the diameter of the head of the target species so that a fish becomes entangled by its teeth or jaw. The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) has been evaluating Merwin traps, beach seines, and purse seines during the past decade to determine if these are viable alternative commercial fishing gear types that would reduce negative effects to non-target fish, including wild salmon. As opposed to gill and tangle nets, these alternative gear types capture fish without physical restraint. The nets encircle the area where a fish or school of fish is located and eliminate the ability of those fish to escape. Because fish are not physically restrained by the gear, it is believed that the likelihood of injury and death would be reduced, allowing the safe release of non-target fish.</p>\n<p>In 2011 and 2012, WDFW conducted post-release mortality studies of steelhead (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>), Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>)<i>, </i>and coho salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>) that were captured using beach or purse seines. These studies were comprised of two groups of fish tagged with passive integrated transponder tags (PIT tags): (1) treatment fish that were captured by one of the gear types 9&ndash;25 river kilometers (rkm) downstream of Bonneville Dam (rkm 234); and (2) control fish that were captured at the Adult Fish Facility near the Washington shore fish ladder at Bonneville Dam, and then transported and released 8 rkm downstream of the Bonneville Dam. Fish were confirmed to have survived if they moved upstream and were detected on PIT-tag antennas at or upstream of Bonneville Dam, were recovered at hatcheries or at the dam, or were captured by commercial or sport fishers. Post-release survival estimates were higher for steelhead (89&ndash;98 percent) than for Chinook salmon and coho salmon (50&ndash;90 percent; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, unpub. data, 2014). However, some Chinook salmon and coho salmon return to hatcheries, or spawn in the mainstem Columbia River and in tributaries downstream of Bonneville Dam. The proportion of Chinook salmon and coho salmon in the treatment group that were destined for areas downstream of Bonneville Dam likely was higher than in the control group because the control fish were collected as they were attempting to pass the dam. If this assertion was true, mortality would have been overestimated in these studies, so WDFW developed a study plan to determine the post-release movements and intended location of Chinook salmon and coho salmon collected with beach and purse seines in the lower Columbia River.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141069","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Liedtke, T.L., Kock, T.J., Evans, S.D., Hansen, G.S., and Rondorf, D.W., 2014, Post-release behavior and movement patterns of Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and coho salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>) after capture using alternative commercial fish gear, lower Columbia River, Washington and Oregon, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1069, vi, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141069.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054420","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141069.jpg"},{"id":285719,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1069/"},{"id":285720,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1069/pdf/ofr2014-1069.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.31 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lower Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.4,45.3 ], [ -122.4,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -121.5,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -121.5,45.3 ], [ -122.4,45.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351705ae4b05569d805a36a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liedtke, Theresa L. 0000-0001-6063-9867 tliedtke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-9867","contributorId":2999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"Theresa","email":"tliedtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kock, Tobias J. 0000-0001-8976-0230 tkock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-0230","contributorId":3038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"Tobias","email":"tkock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, Scott D. 0000-0003-0452-7726 sdevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7726","contributorId":4408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Scott","email":"sdevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Gabriel S. 0000-0001-6272-3632 ghansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6272-3632","contributorId":3422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Gabriel","email":"ghansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rondorf, Dennis W. drondorf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"Dennis","email":"drondorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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