{"pageNumber":"1395","pageRowStart":"34850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165459,"records":[{"id":70057785,"text":"ofr20131278 - 2013 - Hydrologic monitoring and selected hydrologic and environmental studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Georgia, 2011–2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T16:45:04","indexId":"ofr20131278","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-27T11:11:04","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1278","title":"Hydrologic monitoring and selected hydrologic and environmental studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Georgia, 2011–2013","docAbstract":"This compendium of papers describes results of hydrologic monitoring and hydrologic and environmental studies completed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in Georgia during 2011–2013. The USGS addresses a wide variety of water issues in the State of Georgia working with local, State, and Federal partners. As the primary Federal science agency for water resource information, the USGS monitors the quantity and quality of water in the Nation’s rivers and aquifers, assesses the sources and fate of contaminants in aquatic systems, collects and analyzes data on aquatic ecosystems, develops tools to improve the application of hydrologic information, and ensures that its information and tools are available to all potential users. During 2011–2013, the USGS continued a long-term program of monitoring stream and groundwater resources, including flow, water quality, and water use. In addition, a variety of hydrologic and environmental studies were completed to assess water availability, hydrologic hazards, and the impact of development on water resources. Information on USGS activities in Georgia is available online at <a href=\" http://ga.water.usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\"> http://ga.water.usgs.gov/</a>.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131278","usgsCitation":"Clarke, J.S., and Dalton, M., 2013, Hydrologic monitoring and selected hydrologic and environmental studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Georgia, 2011–2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1278, v, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131278.","productDescription":"v, 73 p.","numberOfPages":"84","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131278.jpg"},{"id":279864,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1278/pdf/of2013-1278.pdf"},{"id":279863,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1278/"}],"scale":"150000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Savannah River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.25,32 ], [ -81.25,32.3 ], [ -80.833,32.3 ], [ -80.833,32 ], [ -81.25,32 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"529716d5e4b08e44bf66fb80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clarke, John S. jsclarke@usgs.gov","contributorId":400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"John","email":"jsclarke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalton, Melinda J. (compiler)","contributorId":38460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalton","given":"Melinda J.","suffix":"(compiler)","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048377,"text":"sim3269 - 2013 - Flood-inundation maps for the Elkhart River at Goshen, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-27T11:05:42","indexId":"sim3269","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-27T10:43:47","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3269","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Elkhart River at Goshen, Indiana","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs, created digital flood-inundation maps for an 8.3-mile reach of the Elkhart River at Goshen, Indiana, extending from downstream of the Goshen Dam to downstream from County Road 17. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at <a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/\" target=\"_blank\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to nine selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage at Elkhart River at Goshen (station number 04100500). Current conditions for the USGS streamgages in Indiana may be obtained on the Internet at <a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/</a>. In addition, stream stage data have been provided to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into their Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system <a href=\"http://water.weather.gov/ahps/\" target=\"_blank\">(http://water.weather.gov/ahps/)</a>. The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that are often colocated with USGS streamgages. NWS-forecasted peak-stage information may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation. In this study, flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The model was calibrated using the most current stage-discharge relation at the Elkhart River at Goshen streamgage. The hydraulic model was then used to compute nine water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot (ft) intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from approximately bankfull (5 ft) to greater than the highest recorded water level (13 ft). The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system (GIS) digital-elevation model (DEM), derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data having a 0.37-ft vertical accuracy and 3.9-ft horizontal resolution in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level. The availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from USGS streamgages and forecasted stream stages from the NWS, provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures as well as for postflood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3269","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs","usgsCitation":"Strauch, K.R., 2013, Flood-inundation maps for the Elkhart River at Goshen, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3269, Pamphlet: vi, 7 p.; Map sheets JPEG and PDF; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3269.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vi, 7 p.; Map sheets JPEG and PDF; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042153","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3269.jpg"},{"id":279860,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3269/downloads/mapsheets/pdf/"},{"id":279861,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3269/downloads/"},{"id":279859,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3269/pdf/sim3269-pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":279314,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3269/"}],"projection":"Indiana State Plane Eastern Zone","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Elkhart River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.9,41.5583 ], [ -85.9,41.625 ], [ -85.83,41.625 ], [ -85.83,41.5583 ], [ -85.9,41.5583 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"529716b9e4b08e44bf66fb7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strauch, Kellan R. 0000-0002-7218-2099 kstrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7218-2099","contributorId":1006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strauch","given":"Kellan","email":"kstrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048921,"text":"ds797 - 2013 - Occurrence of fungicides and other pesticides in surface water, groundwater, and sediment from three targeted-use areas in the United States, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-04T11:37:06","indexId":"ds797","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"797","title":"Occurrence of fungicides and other pesticides in surface water, groundwater, and sediment from three targeted-use areas in the United States, 2009","docAbstract":"<p>Surface-water, groundwater, and suspended- and bedsediment samples were collected in three targeted-use areas in the United States where potatoes were grown during 2009 and analyzed for an extensive suite of fungicides and other pesticides by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Fungicides were detected in all environmental matrices sampled during the study. The most frequently detected fungicides were azoxystrobin, boscalid, chlorothalonil, and pyraclostrobin. Other pesticides that were detected frequently included amino phosphonic acid (AMPA), atrazine, metolaclor, and the organochlorine insecticide p,p&rsquo;-DDT and its degradates p,p&rsquo;-DDD and p,p&rsquo;-DDE. A greater number of pesticides were detected in surface water relative to the other environmental matrices sampled, and at least one pesticide was detected in 62 of the 63 surfacewater samples. The greatest numbers of pesticides and the maximum observed concentrations for most pesticides were measured in surface-water samples from Idaho. In eight surface- water samples (six from Idaho and two from Wisconsin), concentrations of bifenthrin, metolachlor, or malathion exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency freshwater aquatic-life benchmarks for chronic toxicity to invertebrates. Thirteen pesticides, including seven fungicides, were detected in groundwater samples. Shallow groundwater samples collected beneath recently harvested potato fields contained more pesticides and had higher concentrations of pesticides than samples collected from other groundwater sources sampled during the study. Generally, pesticide concentrations were lower in groundwater samples than in surfacewater or sediment samples, with the exception of the fungicide boscalid, which was found to have its highest concentration in a shallow groundwater sample collected in Wisconsin. Thirteen pesticides, including four fungicides, were detected in suspended-sediment samples. The most frequently detected compounds were the fungicides boscalid, pyraclostrobin, and zoxamide, and the degradates p,p&rsquo;-DDD and p,p&rsquo;-DDE. Twenty pesticides, including six fungicides, were detected in bed-sediment samples. The most frequently detected compounds were pyraclostrobin, p,p&rsquo;-DDT, p,p&rsquo;-DDD, and p,p&rsquo;-DDE.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds797","issn":"2327-698X","usgsCitation":"Orlando, J., Smalling, K., Reilly, T.J., Boehlke, A., Meyer, M.T., and Kuivila, K., 2013, Occurrence of fungicides and other pesticides in surface water, groundwater, and sediment from three targeted-use areas in the United States, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 797, viii, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds797.","productDescription":"viii, 73 p.","numberOfPages":"85","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-023568","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279851,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds797.jpg"},{"id":279850,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/797/pdf/ds797.pdf"},{"id":279839,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/797/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Maine;Wisconsin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c300e4b0becc369c7cff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":95954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L.","contributorId":16105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reilly, Timothy J. 0000-0002-2939-3050 tjreilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2939-3050","contributorId":1858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Timothy","email":"tjreilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boehlke, Adam 0000-0003-4980-431X aboehlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-431X","contributorId":3470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehlke","given":"Adam","email":"aboehlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn  0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":1367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn ","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70049034,"text":"ofr20131256 - 2013 - Changes in nitrogen loading to the Northeast Creek Estuary, Bar Harbor, Maine, 2000 to 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T14:18:10","indexId":"ofr20131256","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T14:02:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1256","title":"Changes in nitrogen loading to the Northeast Creek Estuary, Bar Harbor, Maine, 2000 to 2010","docAbstract":"Since 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service have been monitoring land use and nitrogen loading in a 26.3-square-kilometer (10-square-mile) estuarine watershed at Acadia National Park, Mount Desert Island, Maine. The initial study linking land use and nitrogen loads entering the Northeast Creek estuary was completed in 2000, and findings were used to develop simulations of nitrogen loading to the estuary, thereby helping to inform local land-use planning decisions. At that time, the amount of nitrogen entering the Northeast Creek estuary was relatively small, and no evidence of nutrient-related degradation was observed in the <i>Ruppia</i>-dominated estuarine ecosystem. A new round of water-quality monitoring and streamflow measurements was conducted to determine nitrogen loading from 2008 to 2011 as a means to evaluate the effects of increased rural residential housing within the watershed since 2000. On the basis of a 2.6-percent increase in residential-housing land use in the watershed from 2000 to 2010, simulations of nitrogen export predicted a 7-percent increase in nitrogen loading to Northeast Creek. The measurement-based loads estimated for the Northeast Creek tributaries, however, increased much more than predicted, from 1.89 kilograms per hectare per year (kg/ha/yr) in 2000 to 3.12 kg/ha/yr in the time period centered on 2010—a 66-percent increase. This increase is likely primarily a result of the prevalence of much wetter conditions during the 2008–11 sampling period than during the earlier sampling period. In addition to increasing the physical transport of nitrogen in the watershed, wet climatic conditions have been shown in other studies to increase the rates of biotic and abiotic processes that control nitrogen export from northern-latitude forested watersheds. The new loading estimates, however, also support the possibility that some portion of the increase in nitrogen loading results from the observed land-use changes, and that the increase in residential housing has, in fact, contributed to the observed increase in nitrogen loading.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131256","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and the Town of Bar Harbor, Maine","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, M.G., 2013, Changes in nitrogen loading to the Northeast Creek Estuary, Bar Harbor, Maine, 2000 to 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1256, Report: vi, 33 p.; Table, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131256.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 33 p.; Table","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-049637","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131256.jpg"},{"id":279843,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1256/"},{"id":279844,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1256/pdf/ofr2013-1256.pdf"},{"id":279845,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1256/pdf/ofr2013-1256_table2.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"Maine","city":"Bar Harbor","otherGeospatial":"Acadia National Park;Mount Desert Island;Northeast Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -68.339767,44.372828 ], [ -68.339767,44.44383 ], [ -68.232393,44.44383 ], [ -68.232393,44.372828 ], [ -68.339767,44.372828 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c2e2e4b0becc369c7c1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielsen, Martha G. 0000-0003-3038-9400 mnielsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-9400","contributorId":4169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Martha","email":"mnielsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70057584,"text":"70057584 - 2013 - First evidence of grass carp recruitment in the Great Lakes Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T11:31:34","indexId":"70057584","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T11:26:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First evidence of grass carp recruitment in the Great Lakes Basin","docAbstract":"We use aging techniques, ploidy analysis, and otolith microchemistry to assess whether four grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella captured from the Sandusky River, Ohio were the result of natural reproduction within the Lake Erie Basin. All four fish were of age 1 +. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that these fish were not aquaculture-reared and that they were most likely the result of successful reproduction in the Sandusky River. First, at least two of the fish were diploid; diploid grass carp cannot legally be released in the Great Lakes Basin. Second, strontium:calcium (Sr:Ca) ratios were elevated in all four grass carp from the Sandusky River, with elevated Sr:Ca ratios throughout the otolith transect, compared to grass carp from Missouri and Arkansas ponds. This reflects the high Sr:Ca ratio of the Sandusky River, and indicates that these fish lived in a high-strontium environment throughout their entire lives. Third, Sandusky River fish were higher in Sr:Ca ratio variability than fish from ponds, reflecting the high but spatially and temporally variable strontium concentrations of southwestern Lake Erie tributaries, and not the stable environment of pond aquaculture. Fourth, Sr:Ca ratios in the grass carp from the Sandusky River were lower in their 2011 growth increment (a high water year) than the 2012 growth increment (a low water year), reflecting the observed inverse relationship between discharge and strontium concentration in these rivers. We conclude that these four grass carp captured from the Sandusky River are most likely the result of natural reproduction within the Lake Erie Basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.019","usgsCitation":"Chapman, D., Davis, J.J., Jenkins, J.A., Kocovsky, P., Miner, J.G., Farver, J., and Jackson, P., 2013, First evidence of grass carp recruitment in the Great Lakes Basin: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 39, no. 4, p. 547-554, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.019.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"547","endPage":"554","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-046079","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279798,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279797,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Sandusky River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.271531,40.954626 ], [ -83.271531,41.467623 ], [ -82.980588,41.467623 ], [ -82.980588,40.954626 ], [ -83.271531,40.954626 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c2fde4b0becc369c7cd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, J. Jeremiah hdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":60944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.","email":"hdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jeremiah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jenkins, Jill A. 0000-0002-5087-0894 jenkinsj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":2710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jill","email":"jenkinsj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick M.","contributorId":89381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miner, Jeffrey G.","contributorId":20645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farver, John","contributorId":18670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farver","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jackson, P. Ryan","contributorId":68571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"P. Ryan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70048541,"text":"70048541 - 2013 - Modeling the effects of fire severity and climate warming on active layer and soil carbon dynamics of black spruce forests across the landscape in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T14:23:38","indexId":"70048541","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T11:19:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the effects of fire severity and climate warming on active layer and soil carbon dynamics of black spruce forests across the landscape in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"There is a substantial amount of carbon stored in the permafrost soils of boreal forest ecosystems, where it is currently protected from decomposition. The surface organic horizons insulate the deeper soil from variations in atmospheric temperature. The removal of these insulating horizons through consumption by fire increases the vulnerability of permafrost to thaw, and the carbon stored in permafrost to decomposition. In this study we ask how warming and fire regime may influence spatial and temporal changes in active layer and carbon dynamics across a boreal forest landscape in interior Alaska. To address this question, we (1) developed and tested a predictive model of the effect of fire severity on soil organic horizons that depends on landscape-level conditions and (2) used this model to evaluate the long-term consequences of warming and changes in fire regime on active layer and soil carbon dynamics of black spruce forests across interior Alaska. The predictive model of fire severity, designed from the analysis of field observations, reproduces the effect of local topography (landform category, the slope angle and aspect and flow accumulation), weather conditions (drought index, soil moisture) and fire characteristics (day of year and size of the fire) on the reduction of the organic layer caused by fire. The integration of the fire severity model into an ecosystem process-based model allowed us to document the relative importance and interactions among local topography, fire regime and climate warming on active layer and soil carbon dynamics. Lowlands were more resistant to severe fires and climate warming, showing smaller increases in active layer thickness and soil carbon loss compared to drier flat uplands and slopes. In simulations that included the effects of both warming and fire at the regional scale, fire was primarily responsible for a reduction in organic layer thickness of 0.06 m on average by 2100 that led to an increase in active layer thickness of 1.1 m on average by 2100. The combination of warming and fire led to a simulated cumulative loss of 9.6 kgC m<sup>−2</sup> on average by 2100. Our analysis suggests that ecosystem carbon storage in boreal forests in interior Alaska is particularly vulnerable, primarily due to the combustion of organic layer thickness in fire and the related increase in active layer thickness that exposes previously protected permafrost soil carbon to decomposition.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045016","usgsCitation":"Genet, H., McGuire, A.D., Barrett, K., Breen, A., Euskirchen, E., Johnstone, J., Kasischke, E., Melvin, A., Bennett, A., Mack, M., Rupp, T., Schuur, A., Turetsky, M., and Yuan, F., 2013, Modeling the effects of fire severity and climate warming on active layer and soil carbon dynamics of black spruce forests across the landscape in interior Alaska: Environmental Research Letters, v. 8, no. 4, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045016.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-049470","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":279848,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279842,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045016"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -150.64,63.59 ], [ -150.64,67.71 ], [ -141.02,67.71 ], [ -141.02,63.59 ], [ -150.64,63.59 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c2ffe4b0becc369c7cf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Genet, H.","contributorId":57356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Genet","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Anthony D. 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":2493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Anthony","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrett, K.","contributorId":40318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrett","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Breen, A.","contributorId":89435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Euskirchen, E.S.","contributorId":44737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euskirchen","given":"E.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnstone, J.F.","contributorId":9560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnstone","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kasischke, E.S.","contributorId":61201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasischke","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Melvin, A.M.","contributorId":39281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melvin","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bennett, A.","contributorId":10320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mack, M.C.","contributorId":87238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rupp, T.S.","contributorId":66904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupp","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schuur, A.E.G.","contributorId":7169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuur","given":"A.E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Yuan, F.","contributorId":104287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70055704,"text":"sir20135172 - 2013 - Geophysical-log and hydraulic-test analyses of groundwater-production wells at the Hannahville Indian Community, Menominee County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T10:52:51","indexId":"sir20135172","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5172","title":"Geophysical-log and hydraulic-test analyses of groundwater-production wells at the Hannahville Indian Community, Menominee County, Michigan","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Hannahville Indian Community, evaluated the geohydrology of the bedrock formations and hydraulic properties of groundwater-production wells at the Hannahville Indian Community in Menominee County, Michigan. Geophysical logs were collected from five wells at two sites during September 2012. The logs were analyzed to characterize the lithostratigraphy, bedding and fractures, and hydraulic properties of the geologic formations and aquifers beneath the Hannahville Indian Community. The geophysical logs collected included natural gamma radiation, electromagnetic conductivity, wellbore image, caliper, ambient and stressed flowmeter, fluid resistivity, temperature, and wellbore deviation. The geophysical logs were analyzed with results from short-term hydraulic tests to estimate the transmissivity and water-level altitudes of flow zones penetrated by the wells.\n\nThe geophysical log analysis indicated the wells penetrated four distinct lithostratigraphic units—shale and carbonate rock, upper carbonate rock, carbonate rock and glauconitic sandstone, and lower carbonate rock. Most of the fractures penetrated by the wellbores appeared to be related bedding partings. The lower carbonate rock unit contained solution features.\n\nAnalysis of the geophysical logs and hydraulic tests indicated that each of the five wells penetrated from one to four flow zones. The Casino 5 well penetrated a flow zone that was associated with solution features and had an estimated total transmissivity of 4,280 feet squared per day (ft<sup>2</sup>/d), the highest estimate for all the wells. The Casino 3 well penetrated four flow zones and had an estimated total transmissivity of 3,570 ft<sup>2</sup>/d. The flow zones penetrated in the lower carbonate rock unit by the Casino 3 and 5 wells were hydraulically connected. The Golf Shack well penetrated two flow zones and had an estimated total transmissivity of 40 ft<sup>2</sup>/d, the lowest estimate for all the wells. The Community 1 and Community 2 wells penetrated three and four flow zones, respectively, and had estimated total transmissivity values of 185 and 280 ft<sup>2</sup>/d, respectively.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135172","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hannahville Indian Community","usgsCitation":"Bayless, E.R., Anderson, J., Lampe, D.C., and Williams, J., 2013, Geophysical-log and hydraulic-test analyses of groundwater-production wells at the Hannahville Indian Community, Menominee County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5172, v, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135172.","productDescription":"v, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042431","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279789,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5172/pdf/sir2013-5172.pdf"},{"id":279790,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135172.jpg"},{"id":279788,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5172"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Menominee County","otherGeospatial":"Hannahville Indian Community","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.5,45.583333 ], [ -87.5,45.833333 ], [ -87.0,45.833333 ], [ -87.0,45.583333 ], [ -87.5,45.583333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c2fee4b0becc369c7ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bayless, E. Randall 0000-0002-0357-3635","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-3635","contributorId":42586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayless","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, J. Alton","contributorId":56724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J. Alton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lampe, David C. 0000-0002-8904-0337 dclampe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-0337","contributorId":2441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lampe","given":"David","email":"dclampe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, John H. 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048493,"text":"70048493 - 2013 - Modeling earthquake rate changes in Oklahoma and Arkansas: possible signatures of induced seismicity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-06T09:00:10","indexId":"70048493","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T10:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling earthquake rate changes in Oklahoma and Arkansas: possible signatures of induced seismicity","docAbstract":"The rate of ML≥3 earthquakes in the central and eastern United States increased beginning in 2009, particularly in Oklahoma and central Arkansas, where fluid injection has occurred. We find evidence that suggests these rate increases are man‐made by examining the rate changes in a catalog of ML≥3 earthquakes in Oklahoma, which had a low background seismicity rate before 2009, as well as rate changes in a catalog of ML≥2.2 earthquakes in central Arkansas, which had a history of earthquake swarms prior to the start of injection in 2009. In both cases, stochastic epidemic‐type aftershock sequence models and statistical tests demonstrate that the earthquake rate change is statistically significant, and both the background rate of independent earthquakes and the aftershock productivity must increase in 2009 to explain the observed increase in seismicity. This suggests that a significant change in the underlying triggering process occurred. Both parameters vary, even when comparing natural to potentially induced swarms in Arkansas, which suggests that changes in both the background rate and the aftershock productivity may provide a way to distinguish man‐made from natural earthquake rate changes. In Arkansas we also compare earthquake and injection well locations, finding that earthquakes within 6 km of an active injection well tend to occur closer together than those that occur before, after, or far from active injection. Thus, like a change in productivity, a change in interevent distance distribution may also be an indicator of induced seismicity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120130017","usgsCitation":"Llenos, A.L., and Michael, A.J., 2013, Modeling earthquake rate changes in Oklahoma and Arkansas: possible signatures of induced seismicity: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 103, no. 5, p. 2850-2861, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130017.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2850","endPage":"2861","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-043592","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279791,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120130017"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas;Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.88,33.03 ], [ -102.88,36.91 ], [ -89.54,36.91 ], [ -89.54,33.03 ], [ -102.88,33.03 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"103","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c2ffe4b0becc369c7ce7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Llenos, Andrea L. 0000-0002-4088-6737 allenos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-6737","contributorId":4455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llenos","given":"Andrea","email":"allenos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70056026,"text":"ofr20131060 - 2013 - Sea-floor geology and topography offshore in northeastern Long Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T10:11:38","indexId":"ofr20131060","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1060","title":"Sea-floor geology and topography offshore in northeastern Long Island Sound","docAbstract":"Datasets of gridded multibeam bathymetry, covering approximately 52.9 square kilometers, were used to interpret character and geology of the sea floor in northeastern Long Island Sound. Although originally collected for charting purposes during National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration hydrographic survey H12012, these acoustic data and the sea-floor sampling and photography stations subsequently occupied to verify the acoustic data are interpreted (1) to define the composition and terrain of the seabed, (2) to provide information on sediment transport and benthic habitat, and (3) as part of an expanding series of studies that provide a fundamental framework for research and resource management (for example, cables, pipelines, and dredging) activities in this major east coast estuary.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131060","collaboration":"Also available in DVD-ROM format; see <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1060/title_page.html\" target=\"_blank\">Open-File Report 2013-1060</a> for ordering information.","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., McMullen, K., Ackerman, S., and Glomb, K., 2013, Sea-floor geology and topography offshore in northeastern Long Island Sound: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1060, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131060.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-044630","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131060.GIF"},{"id":279782,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1060/"},{"id":279783,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1060/title_page.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut;New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\"crs\": {\"type\": \"name\", \"properties\": {\"name\": \"urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84\"}}, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [[[-72.40061964236243, 41.221039699120766], [-72.24182293597879, 41.25788919031744], [-72.15439394393304, 41.260297737976906], [-72.1465243042542, 41.25951206200242], [-72.14514615131536, 41.257180793946965], [-72.14803125653313, 41.24904067565398], [-72.40118635945878, 41.19922109091135], [-72.40061964236243, 41.221039699120766]]]}, \"properties\": {\"extentType\": \"Custom\", \"code\": \"\", \"name\": \"\", \"notes\": \"\", \"promotedForReuse\": false, \"abbreviation\": \"\", \"shortName\": \"\", \"description\": \"\"}, \"bbox\": [-72.4021781143774, 41.19922109091135, -72.14495295230523, 41.260297737976906], \"type\": \"Feature\", \"id\": \"3091986\"}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c301e4b0becc369c7d05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMullen, K.Y.","contributorId":51857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMullen","given":"K.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerman, S.D.","contributorId":88843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glomb, K.A.","contributorId":67996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glomb","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70049061,"text":"fs20133104 - 2013 - Nearshore temperature findings for the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona: possible implications for native fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T09:53:32","indexId":"fs20133104","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T09:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3104","title":"Nearshore temperature findings for the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona: possible implications for native fish","docAbstract":"Since the completion of Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona, in 1963, downstream water temperatures in the main channel of the Colorado River in Glen, Marble, and Grand Canyons are much colder in summer. This has negatively affected humpback chub (<i>Gila cypha</i>) and other native fish adapted to seasonally warm water, reducing main-channel spawning activity and impeding the growth and development of larval and juvenile fish. Recently published studies by U.S. Geological Survey scientists found that under certain conditions some isolated nearshore environments in Grand Canyon allow water to become separated from the main-channel current and to warm, providing refuge areas for the development of larval and juvenile fish.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133104","usgsCitation":"Ross, R.P., and Vernieu, W., 2013, Nearshore temperature findings for the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona: possible implications for native fish: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3104, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133104.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-050887","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133104.jpg"},{"id":279760,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3104/"},{"id":279761,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3104/pdf/fs2013-3104.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River;Glen Canyon Dam;Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.0491,35.65 ], [ -114.0491,37.0026 ], [ -111.3451,37.0026 ], [ -111.3451,35.65 ], [ -114.0491,35.65 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c300e4b0becc369c7cf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Robert P. rross@usgs.gov","contributorId":4734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Robert","email":"rross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vernieu, William S.","contributorId":49068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vernieu","given":"William S.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70055732,"text":"sir20135199 - 2013 - Estimation of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in streams of the Middle Columbia River Basin (Oregon, Washington, and Idaho) using SPARROW models, with emphasis on the Yakima River Basin, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T09:38:12","indexId":"sir20135199","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5199","title":"Estimation of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in streams of the Middle Columbia River Basin (Oregon, Washington, and Idaho) using SPARROW models, with emphasis on the Yakima River Basin, Washington","docAbstract":"<p>The watershed model SPARROW (Spatially Related Regressions on Watershed attributes) was used to predict total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads and yields for the Middle Columbia River Basin in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. The new models build on recently published models for the entire Pacific Northwest, and provide revised load predictions for the arid interior of the region by restricting the modeling domain and recalibrating the models. Results from the new TN and TP models are provided for the entire region, and discussed with special emphasis on the Yakima River Basin, Washington.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In most catchments of the Yakima River Basin, the TN and TP in streams is from natural sources, specifically nitrogen fixation in forests (TN) and weathering and erosion of geologic materials (TP). The natural nutrient sources are overshadowed by anthropogenic sources of TN and TP in highly agricultural and urbanized catchments; downstream of the city of Yakima, most of the load in the Yakima River is derived from anthropogenic sources. Yields of TN and TP from catchments with nearly uniform land use were compared with other yield values and export coefficients published in the scientific literature, and generally were in agreement. The median yield of TN was greatest in catchments dominated by agricultural land and smallest in catchments dominated by grass and scrub land. The median yield of TP was greatest in catchments dominated by forest land, but the largest yields (90th percentile) of TP were from agricultural catchments. As with TN, the smallest TP yields were from catchments dominated by grass and scrub land.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135199","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Washington State Department of Ecology and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Johnson, H.M., Black, R.W., and Wise, D.R., 2013, Estimation of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in streams of the Middle Columbia River Basin (Oregon, Washington, and Idaho) using SPARROW models, with emphasis on the Yakima River Basin, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5199, Report: vi, 27 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135199.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 27 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"38","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049165","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279728,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135199.GIF"},{"id":279724,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5199/downloads/sir20135199_appendixA.txt"},{"id":279646,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5199/"},{"id":279723,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5199/pdf/sir20135199.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Middle Columbia River Basin;Yakima River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.0,41.0 ], [ -123.0,49.25 ], [ -112.0,49.25 ], [ -112.0,41.0 ], [ -123.0,41.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c2fce4b0becc369c7cc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Henry M. 0000-0002-7571-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":105291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Black, Robert W. 0000-0002-4748-8213 rwblack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4748-8213","contributorId":1820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"Robert","email":"rwblack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wise, Daniel R. 0000-0002-1215-9612 dawise@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-9612","contributorId":29891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wise","given":"Daniel","email":"dawise@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70056041,"text":"ofr20131245 - 2013 - Extreme ground motions and Yucca Mountain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T09:37:02","indexId":"ofr20131245","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-26T09:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1245","title":"Extreme ground motions and Yucca Mountain","docAbstract":"Yucca Mountain is the designated site of the underground repository for the United States' high-level radioactive waste (HLW), consisting of commercial and military spent nuclear fuel, HLW derived from reprocessing of uranium and plutonium, surplus plutonium, and other nuclear-weapons materials. Yucca Mountain straddles the western boundary of the Nevada Test Site, where the United States has tested nuclear devices since the 1950s, and is situated in an arid, remote, and thinly populated region of Nevada, ~100 miles northwest of Las Vegas.\n\nYucca Mountain was originally considered as a potential underground repository of HLW because of its thick units of unsaturated rocks, with the repository horizon being not only ~300 m above the water table but also ~300 m below the Yucca Mountain crest. The fundamental rationale for a geologic (underground) repository for HLW is to securely isolate these materials from the environment and its inhabitants to the greatest extent possible and for very long periods of time. Given the present climate conditions and what is known about the current hydrologic system and conditions around and in the mountain itself, one would anticipate that the rates of infiltration, corrosion, and transport would be very low—except for the possibility that repository integrity might be compromised by low-probability disruptive events, which include earthquakes, strong ground motion, and (or) a repository-piercing volcanic intrusion/eruption.\n\nExtreme ground motions (ExGM), as we use the phrase in this report, refer to the extremely large amplitudes of earthquake ground motion that arise at extremely low probabilities of exceedance (hazard). They first came to our attention when the 1998 probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Yucca Mountain was extended to a hazard level of 10<sup>-8</sup>/yr (a 10-4/yr probability for a 10<sup>4</sup>-year repository “lifetime”). The primary purpose of this report is to summarize the principal results of the ExGM research program as they have developed over the past 5 years; what follows will be focused on Yucca Mountain, but not restricted to it.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131245","usgsCitation":"Hanks, T.C., Abrahamson, N., Baker, J., Boore, D.M., Board, M., Brune, J.N., Cornell, C.A., and Whitney, J.W., 2013, Extreme ground motions and Yucca Mountain: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1245, viii, 106 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131245.","productDescription":"viii, 106 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042445","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279107,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1245"},{"id":279720,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1245/pdf/of2013-1245.pdf"},{"id":279722,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131245.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.470633,36.836351 ], [ -116.470633,36.839716 ], [ -116.466255,36.839716 ], [ -116.466255,36.836351 ], [ -116.470633,36.836351 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295c2fde4b0becc369c7cd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanks, Thomas C. 0000-0003-0928-0056 thanks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0928-0056","contributorId":3065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"Thomas","email":"thanks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abrahamson, Norman A.","contributorId":45202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abrahamson","given":"Norman A.","affiliations":[{"id":13174,"text":"Pacific Gas & Electric","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":486305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Jack W.","contributorId":62113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Jack W.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":486306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Board, Mark","contributorId":74291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Board","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brune, James N.","contributorId":76304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brune","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cornell, C. Allin","contributorId":106791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Allin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Whitney, John W. 0000-0003-3824-3692 jwhitney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-3692","contributorId":804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"John","email":"jwhitney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70056531,"text":"70056531 - 2013 - USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T14:40:15.796663","indexId":"70056531","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-25T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3769,"text":"Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","usgsCitation":"Ballmann, A.E., White, C.L., Bodenstein, B.L., and Buckner, J.L., 2013, USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report: Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter, no. 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tmercier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-525X","contributorId":2847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercier","given":"Tracey","email":"tmercier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wandrey, Craig J. cwandrey@usgs.gov","contributorId":1590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wandrey","given":"Craig","email":"cwandrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weaver, Jean N.","contributorId":65099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70095754,"text":"70095754 - 2013 - An integrated model of environmental effects on growth, carbohydrate balance, and mortality of Pinus ponderosa forests in the southern Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-12T16:40:07","indexId":"70095754","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-25T11:42:41","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"An integrated model of environmental effects on growth, carbohydrate balance, and mortality of <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> forests in the southern Rocky Mountains","title":"An integrated model of environmental effects on growth, carbohydrate balance, and mortality of Pinus ponderosa forests in the southern Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"Climate-induced tree mortality is an increasing concern for forest managers around the world. We used a coupled hydrologic and ecosystem carbon cycling model to assess temperature and precipitation impacts on productivity and survival of ponderosa pine (<i>Pinus ponderosa</i>). Model predictions were evaluated using observations of productivity and survival for three ponderosa pine stands located across an 800 m elevation gradient in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA, during a 10-year period that ended in a severe drought and extensive tree mortality at the lowest elevation site. We demonstrate the utility of a relatively simple representation of declines in non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) as an approach for estimating patterns of ponderosa pine vulnerability to drought and the likelihood of survival along an elevation gradient. We assess the sensitivity of simulated net primary production, NSC storage dynamics, and mortality to site climate and soil characteristics as well as uncertainty in the allocation of carbon to the NSC pool. For a fairly wide set of assumptions, the model estimates captured elevational gradients and temporal patterns in growth and biomass. Model results that best predict mortality risk also yield productivity, leaf area, and biomass estimates that are qualitatively consistent with observations across the sites. Using this constrained set of parameters, we found that productivity and likelihood of survival were equally dependent on elevation-driven variation in temperature and precipitation. Our results demonstrate the potential for a coupled hydrology-ecosystem carbon cycling model that includes a simple model of NSC dynamics to predict drought-related mortality. Given that increases in temperature and in the frequency and severity of drought are predicted for a broad range of ponderosa pine and other western North America conifer forest habitats, the model potentially has broad utility for assessing ecosystem vulnerabilities.","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0080286","usgsCitation":"Tague, C.L., McDowell, N., and Allen, C.D., 2013, An integrated model of environmental effects on growth, carbohydrate balance, and mortality of Pinus ponderosa forests in the southern Rocky Mountains: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 11, Article e80286;13 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080286.","productDescription":"Article e80286;13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-051886","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080286","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":283830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Jemez Mountains, Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.09,31.33 ], [ -114.09,45.04 ], [ -102.37,45.04 ], [ -102.37,31.33 ], [ -114.09,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4c97e4b0b290850f1135","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tague, Christina L.","contributorId":54493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tague","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDowell, Nathan G.","contributorId":9176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"Nathan G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70057473,"text":"ofr20131254 - 2013 - Petrologic and isotopic data from the Cretaceous (Campanian) Blackhawk Formation and Star Point Sandstone (Mesaverde Group), Wasatch Plateau, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-25T11:41:26","indexId":"ofr20131254","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-25T11:03:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1254","title":"Petrologic and isotopic data from the Cretaceous (Campanian) Blackhawk Formation and Star Point Sandstone (Mesaverde Group), Wasatch Plateau, Utah","docAbstract":"The presence of discrete minerals associated with coal—whether (1) detrital or authigenic constituents of the coals or in thin mudstone or siltstone units interbedded with coals, or (2) authigenic phases that formed along cleats—might influence its utilization as an energy resource. The build-up of sintered ash deposits on the surfaces of heat exchangers in coal-fired power plants, due to the alteration of minerals during combustion of the coal, can seriously affect the functioning of the boiler and enhance corrosion of combustion equipment. In particular, the presence of sodium in coals has been considered a key factor in the fouling of boilers; however, other elements (such as calcium or magnesium) and the amount of discrete minerals burned with coal can also play a significant role in the inefficiency of and damage to boilers. \n\nPrevious studies of the quality of coals in the Cretaceous (Campanian) Blackhawk Formation of the Wasatch Plateau, Utah, revealed that the sodium content of the coals varied across the region. To better understand the origin and distribution of sodium in these coals, petrologic studies were undertaken within a sedimentological framework to evaluate the timing and geochemical constraints on the emplacement of sodium-bearing minerals, particularly analcime, which previously had been identified in coals in the Blackhawk Formation. Further, the study was broadened to include not just coals in the Blackhawk Formation from various localities across the Wasatch Plateau, but also sandstones interbedded with the coals as well as sandstones in the underlying Star Point Sandstone. The alteration history of the sandstones in both formations was considered a key component of this study because it records the nature and timing of fluids passing through them and the associated precipitation of sodium-bearing minerals; thus, the alteration history could place constraints on the distribution and timing of sodium mineralization in the interbedded or overlying Blackhawk coals. Although some preliminary results were previously presented at scientific meetings, the petrologic and geochemical data have not been fully compiled and reported. The purpose of this report is to present the methods of data acquisition and the results of petrologic and isotopic analyses on coal and sandstone samples from the Blackhawk Formation as well as sandstones of the underlying Star Point Sandstone.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131254","usgsCitation":"Fishman, N.S., Turner, C., and Peterson, F., 2013, Petrologic and isotopic data from the Cretaceous (Campanian) Blackhawk Formation and Star Point Sandstone (Mesaverde Group), Wasatch Plateau, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1254, Report: iii, 15 p.; Plate: 47.38 inches x 28.21 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131254.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 15 p.; Plate: 47.38 inches x 28.21 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042917","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279628,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131254.jpg"},{"id":279627,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1254/pdf/of2013-1254.pdf"},{"id":279626,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1254/pdf/of2013-1254_plate1.pdf"},{"id":279617,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1254/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.2083,39.3641 ], [ -112.2083,41.5524 ], [ -111.1022,41.5524 ], [ -111.1022,39.3641 ], [ -112.2083,39.3641 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52947165e4b01cca2b1128ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishman, Neil S.","contributorId":106464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Christine E.","contributorId":27164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Christine E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Fred fpeterson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Fred","email":"fpeterson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":486780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048932,"text":"sir20135173 - 2013 - Streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for selected locations on the Yellowstone, Tongue, and Powder Rivers, Montana, 1928-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-11T11:22:50","indexId":"sir20135173","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-25T10:29:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5173","title":"Streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for selected locations on the Yellowstone, Tongue, and Powder Rivers, Montana, 1928-2002","docAbstract":"<p>Major floods in 1996 and 1997 on the Yellowstone River in Montana intensified public debate over the effects of human activities on the Yellowstone River. In 1999, the Yellowstone River Conservation District Council was formed to address conservation issues on the river. The Yellowstone River Conservation District Council partnered with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to conduct a cumulative-effects study on the main stem of the Yellowstone River. The cumulative-effects study is intended to provide a basis for future management decisions in the watershed. Streamflow statistics, such as flow-frequency and flow-duration data calculated for unregulated and regulated streamflow conditions, are a necessary component of the cumulative effects study.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Yellowstone River Conservation District Council and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, calculated streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for the Yellowstone, Tongue, and Powder Rivers for the 1928–2002 study period. Unregulated streamflow represents flow conditions that might have occurred during the 1928–2002 study period if there had been no water-resources development in the Yellowstone River Basin. Regulated streamflow represents estimates of flow conditions during the 1928–2002 study period if the level of water-resources development existing in 2002 was in place during the entire study period. Peak-flow frequency estimates for regulated and unregulated streamflow were developed using methods described in Bulletin 17B. High-flow frequency and low-flow frequency data were developed for regulated and unregulated streamflows from the annual series of highest and lowest (respectively) mean flows for specified n-day consecutive periods within the calendar year. Flow-duration data, and monthly and annual streamflow characteristics, also were calculated for the unregulated and regulated streamflows.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135173","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Yellowstone River Conservation District Council and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Chase, K.J., 2013, Streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for selected locations on the Yellowstone, Tongue, and Powder Rivers, Montana, 1928-2002 (Originally posted November 22, 2013; Version 1.1: June 23, 2014): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5173, Report: vii, 183 p.; Appendixes 1, 3-6, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135173.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 183 p.; Appendixes 1, 3-6","numberOfPages":"194","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1928-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-028451","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279625,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135173.jpg"},{"id":279619,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5173/pdf/sir2013-5173.pdf"},{"id":279621,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5173/downloads/sir2013-5173_APP_3_peakflow.xlsx"},{"id":279620,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5173/downloads/sir2013-5173_APP_1_depletions.xlsx"},{"id":279622,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5173/downloads/sir2013-5173_APP_4_highflowfreq.xlsx"},{"id":279623,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5173/downloads/sir2013-5173_APP_5_lowflowfreq.xlsx"},{"id":279624,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5173/downloads/sir2013-5173_APP_6_Flowduration.xlsm"},{"id":279618,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5173/"}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Montana;North Dakota;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River;Tongue River;Yellowstone River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.2915,42.7389 ], [ -111.2915,47.9752 ], [ -103.3374,47.9752 ], [ -103.3374,42.7389 ], [ -111.2915,42.7389 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Originally posted November 22, 2013; Version 1.1: June 23, 2014","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52947166e4b01cca2b1128f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5796-4148 kchase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-4148","contributorId":454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Katherine","email":"kchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048906,"text":"sir20135017 - 2013 - Hydrogeology, distribution, and volume of saline groundwater in the southern midcontinent and adjacent areas of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-22T14:30:00","indexId":"sir20135017","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-22T14:13:24","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5017","title":"Hydrogeology, distribution, and volume of saline groundwater in the southern midcontinent and adjacent areas of the United States","docAbstract":"The hydrogeology, distribution, and volume of saline water in 22 aquifers in the southern midcontinent of the United States were evaluated to provide information about saline groundwater resources that may be used to reduce dependency on freshwater resources. Those aquifers underlie six States in the southern midcontinent—Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas—and adjacent areas including all or parts of Alabama, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Kentucky, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Mexico, South Dakota, Tennessee, and Wyoming and some offshore areas of the Gulf of Mexico. Saline waters of the aquifers were evaluated by defining salinity zones; digitizing data, primarily from the Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; and computing the volume of saline water in storage.  The distribution of saline groundwater in the southern midcontinent is substantially affected by the hydrogeology and groundwater-flow systems of the aquifers. Many of the aquifers in the southern midcontinent are underlain by one or more aquifers, resulting in vertically stacked aquifers containing groundwaters of varying salinity. Saline groundwater is affected by past and present hydrogeologic conditions. Spatial variation of groundwater salinity in the southern midcontinent is controlled primarily by locations of recharge and discharge areas, groundwater-flow paths and residence time, mixing of freshwater and saline water, and interactions with aquifer rocks and sediments.  The volume calculations made for the evaluated aquifers in the southern midcontinent indicate that about 39,900 million acre-feet (acre-ft) of saline water is in storage. About 21,600 million acre-ft of the water in storage is slightly to moderately saline (1,000–10,000 milligrams per liter [mg/L] dissolved solids), and about 18,300 million acre-ft is very saline (10,000–35,000 mg/L dissolved solids). The largest volumes of saline water are in the coastal lowlands (about 16,300 million acre-ft), Mississippi embayment and Texas coastal uplands (about 12,000 million acre-ft), and Great Plains (about 8,170 million acre-ft) aquifer systems. Of the 22 aquifers evaluated in this report, the Maha aquifer in the Great Plains aquifer system contains both the largest total volume of saline water (about 6,280 million acre-ft) and the largest volume of slightly to moderately saline water (about 5,150 million acre-ft).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135017","collaboration":"Groundwater Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Osborn, N.I., Smith, S.J., and Seger, C.H., 2013, Hydrogeology, distribution, and volume of saline groundwater in the southern midcontinent and adjacent areas of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5017, vi, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135017.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-043576","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279613,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135017.jpg"},{"id":279612,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5017/pdf/sir2013-5017.pdf"},{"id":279611,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5017/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Arkansas;Colorado;Florida;Illinois;Kansas;Kentucky;Louisiana;Mississippi;Missouri;Nebraska;New Mexico;Oklahoma;South Dakota;Tennessee;Texas;Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.01638888888888889,5.555555555555556E-4 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -83,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -83,5.555555555555556E-4 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,5.555555555555556E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52907d0ce4b0bbdcf23ed30a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osborn, Noel I.","contributorId":75844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osborn","given":"Noel","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, S. Jerrod 0000-0002-9379-8167 sjsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-8167","contributorId":981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"sjsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jerrod","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seger, Christian H.","contributorId":34799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seger","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70056145,"text":"sir20135171 - 2013 - Estimated nitrogen loads from selected tributaries in Connecticut draining to Long Island Sound, 1999–2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-03T08:17:53","indexId":"sir20135171","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-22T14:00:08","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5171","title":"Estimated nitrogen loads from selected tributaries in Connecticut draining to Long Island Sound, 1999–2009","docAbstract":"<p>The total nitrogen load to Long Island Sound from Connecticut and contributing areas to the north was estimated for October 1998 to September 2009. Discrete measurements of total nitrogen concentrations and continuous flow data from 37 water-quality monitoring stations in the Long Island Sound watershed were used to compute total annual nitrogen yields and loads. Total annual computed yields and basin characteristics were used to develop a generalized-least squares regression model for use in estimating the total nitrogen yields from unmonitored areas in coastal and central Connecticut. Significant variables in the regression included the percentage of developed land, percentage of row crops, point-source nitrogen yields from wastewater-treatment facilities, and annual mean streamflow. Computed annual median total nitrogen yields at individual monitoring stations ranged from less than 2,000 pounds per square mile in mostly forested basins (typically less than 10 percent developed land) to more than 13,000 pounds per square mile in urban basins (greater than 40 percent developed) with wastewater-treatment facilities and in one agricultural basin. Medians of computed total annual nitrogen yields for water years 1999&ndash;2009 at most stations were similar to those previously computed for water years 1988&ndash;98. However, computed medians of annual yields at several stations, including the Naugatuck River, Quinnipiac River, and Hockanum River, were lower than during 1988&ndash;98. Nitrogen yields estimated for 26 unmonitored areas downstream from monitoring stations ranged from less than 2,000 pounds per square mile to 34,000 pounds per square mile. Computed annual total nitrogen loads at the farthest downstream monitoring stations were combined with the corresponding estimates for the downstream unmonitored areas for a combined estimate of the total nitrogen load from the entire study area. Resulting combined total nitrogen loads ranged from 38 to 68 million pounds per year during water years 1999&ndash;2009. Total annual loads from the monitored basins represent 63 to 74 percent of the total load. Computed annual nitrogen loads from four stations near the Massachusetts border with Connecticut represent 52 to 54 percent of the total nitrogen load during water years 2008&ndash;9, the only years with data for all the border sites. During the latter part of the 1999&ndash;2009 study period, total nitrogen loads to Long Island Sound from the study area appeared to increase slightly. The apparent increase in loads may be due to higher than normal streamflows, which consequently increased nonpoint nitrogen loads during the study, offsetting major reductions of nitrogen from wastewater-treatment facilities. Nitrogen loads from wastewater treatment facilities declined as much as 2.3 million pounds per year in areas of Connecticut upstream from the monitoring stations and as much as 5.8 million pounds per year in unmonitored areas downstream in coastal and central Connecticut.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135171","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Mullaney, J.R., and Schwarz, G., 2013, Estimated nitrogen loads from selected tributaries in Connecticut draining to Long Island Sound, 1999–2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5171, vii, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135171.","productDescription":"vii, 65 p.","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050762","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science 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,{"id":70160619,"text":"70160619 - 2013 - Broad-scale patterns of Brook Trout responses to introduced Brown Trout in New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-13T06:39:07","indexId":"70160619","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-22T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Broad-scale patterns of Brook Trout responses to introduced Brown Trout in New York","docAbstract":"<p>Brook Trout <i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i> and Brown Trout <i>Salmo trutta</i> are valuable sport fish that coexist in many parts of the world due to stocking introductions. Causes for the decline of Brook Trout within their native range are not clear but include competition with Brown Trout, habitat alteration, and repetitive stocking practices. New York State contains a large portion of the Brook Trout's native range, where both species are maintained by stocking and other management actions. We used artificial neural network models, regression, principal components analysis, and simulation to evaluate the effects of Brown Trout, environmental conditions, and stocking on the distribution of Brook Trout in the center of their native range. We found evidence for the decline of Brook Trout in the presence of Brown Trout across many watersheds; 22% of sampled reaches where both species were expected to occur contained only Brown Trout. However, a model of the direct relationship between Brook Trout and Brown Trout abundance explained less than 1% of data variation. Ordination showed extensive overlap of Brook Trout and Brown Trout habitat conditions, with only small components of the hypervolume (multidimensional space) being distinctive. Subsequent analysis indicated higher abundances of Brook Trout in highly forested areas, while Brown Trout were more abundant in areas with relatively high proportions of agriculture. Simulation results indicated that direct interactions and habitat conditions were relatively minor factors compared with the effects of repeated stocking of Brown Trout into Brook Trout habitat. Intensive annual stocking of Brown Trout could eliminate resident Brook Trout in less than a decade. Ecological differences, harvest behavior, and other habitat changes can exacerbate Brook Trout losses. Custom stocking scenarios with Brown Trout introductions at relatively low proportions of resident Brook Trout populations may be able to sustain healthy populations of both species within their present range.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2013.830998","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., Slattery, M.T., and Clifford, K.M., 2013, Broad-scale patterns of Brook Trout responses to introduced Brown Trout in New York: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 33, no. 6, p. 1221-1235, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.830998.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1221","endPage":"1235","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049402","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":583357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slattery, Michael T. mslattery@usgs.gov","contributorId":5470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Michael","email":"mslattery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clifford, Kean M.","contributorId":150867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clifford","given":"Kean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":18127,"text":"State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Foresty","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70049000,"text":"sir20135188 - 2013 - Methods for estimating water consumption for thermoelectric power plants in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-11-24T14:26:19","indexId":"sir20135188","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-22T08:26:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5188","title":"Methods for estimating water consumption for thermoelectric power plants in the United States","docAbstract":"<p>Water consumption at thermoelectric power plants represents a small but substantial share of total water consumption in the U.S. However, currently available thermoelectric water consumption data are inconsistent and incomplete, and coefficients used to estimate consumption are contradictory. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has resumed the estimation of thermoelectric water consumption, last done in 1995, based on the use of linked heat and water budgets to complement reported water consumption. This report presents the methods used to estimate freshwater consumption at a study set of 1,284 power plants based on 2010 plant characteristics and operations data.</p>\n<p>Power plants were categorized for estimation of water consumption in two tiers. First, generating units were assigned to categories based on the technology used to generate electricity. These generation-type categories are combustion steam, combined-cycle, nuclear, geothermal, and solar thermal. Second, cooling systems were separately categorized as either wet cooling towers or surface-water cooling systems, and the surface-water cooling systems were subcategorized as cooling ponds, lakes, and rivers.</p>\n<p>Heat budgets were constructed for the first four generation-type categories; data at solar thermal plants were insufficient for heat budgets. These heat budgets yielded estimates of the amount of heat transferred to the condenser. The ratio of evaporation to the heat discharged through the condenser was estimated using existing heat balance models that are sensitive to environmental data; this feature allows estimation of consumption under different climatic conditions. These two estimates were multiplied to yield an estimate of consumption at each power plant.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135188","collaboration":"USGS National Water Census and National Streamflow Information Program","usgsCitation":"Diehl, T.H., Harris, M., Murphy, J.C., Hutson, S.S., and Ladd, D.E., 2013, Methods for estimating water consumption for thermoelectric power plants in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5188, Report: vii, 78 p.; Appendix 4, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135188.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 78 p.; Appendix 4","numberOfPages":"90","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045152","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135188.jpg"},{"id":279511,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5188/pdf/sir2013-5188.pdf"},{"id":279512,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5188/appendix/sir2013-5188_appendix4_fews_version_3.104_edit_20141106.xlsx","description":"Appendix 4"},{"id":279502,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5188/"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173,16.916667 ], [ 173,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52907d0ee4b0bbdcf23ed313","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diehl, Timothy H. 0000-0001-9691-2212 thdiehl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9691-2212","contributorId":546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"Timothy","email":"thdiehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Melissa","contributorId":17519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Melissa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, Jennifer C. 0000-0002-0881-0919 jmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-0919","contributorId":4281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hutson, Susan S. sshutson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutson","given":"Susan","email":"sshutson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ladd, David E. 0000-0002-9247-7839 deladd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-7839","contributorId":1646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ladd","given":"David","email":"deladd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70057098,"text":"70057098 - 2013 - Habitat heterogeneity and intraguild interactions modify distribution and injury rates in two coexisting genera of damselflies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-22T08:22:58","indexId":"70057098","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-22T08:17:34","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat heterogeneity and intraguild interactions modify distribution and injury rates in two coexisting genera of damselflies","docAbstract":"1.  Sublethal effects of predation can affect both population and community structure. Despite this, little is known about how the frequency of injury varies in relation to habitat, aquatic community characteristics or between trophically similar, coexisting taxa.\n2.  In a tidal freshwater ecosystem, we first examined injuries (lamellar autotomy) of Enallagma and Ischnura damselfly larvae, which have unique behaviours and susceptibilities to predation, as a function of habitat type, body size and overall odonate density. We also examined relative abundance of these genera and potential anisopteran predators as a function of habitat type.\n3.  The frequency of injury to Enallagma was high when larvae were small and overall odonate density was high. For Ischnura, however, the frequency of injury depended on habitat and was high for small larvae in less disturbed habitats low on the shore. Ischnura were most frequently found in more disturbed habitats high on the shore, whereas Enallagma were more frequently found in less disturbed habitats low on the shore.\n4.  The relative importance of factors hypothesised to structure odonate communities varied between coexisting Enallagma and Ischnura. Distinctive distributions and patterns of injury for each genus provided new insights on the potential for intraguild interactions to modify habitat associations in tidal freshwater ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12217","usgsCitation":"Witt, J., Forkner, R.E., and Kraus, R.T., 2013, Habitat heterogeneity and intraguild interactions modify distribution and injury rates in two coexisting genera of damselflies: Freshwater Biology, v. 58, no. 11, p. 2380-2388, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12217.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2380","endPage":"2388","ipdsId":"IP-049265","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279508,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279507,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12217"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Thompson Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.537,38.604 ], [ -77.537,39.057 ], [ -77.04,39.057 ], [ -77.04,38.604 ], [ -77.537,38.604 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"58","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52907d0be4b0bbdcf23ed304","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witt, Jonathan W.","contributorId":44071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witt","given":"Jonathan W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Forkner, Rebecca E.","contributorId":11934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forkner","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kraus, Richard T. 0000-0003-4494-1841 rkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":2609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","email":"rkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70055684,"text":"sir20135142 - 2013 - Land subsidence along the Delta-Mendota Canal in the northern part of the San Joaquin Valley, California, 2003-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-21T12:47:43","indexId":"sir20135142","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-21T12:40:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5142","title":"Land subsidence along the Delta-Mendota Canal in the northern part of the San Joaquin Valley, California, 2003-10","docAbstract":"Extensive groundwater withdrawal from the unconsolidated deposits in the San Joaquin Valley caused widespread aquifer-system compaction and resultant land subsidence from 1926 to 1970—locally exceeding 8.5 meters. The importation of surface water beginning in the early 1950s through the Delta-Mendota Canal and in the early 1970s through the California Aqueduct resulted in decreased pumping, initiation of water-level recovery, and a reduced rate of compaction in some areas of the San Joaquin Valley. However, drought conditions during 1976–77 and 1987–92, and drought conditions and regulatory reductions in surface-water deliveries during 2007–10, decreased surface-water availability, causing pumping to increase, water levels to decline, and renewed compaction. Land subsidence from this compaction has reduced freeboard and flow capacity of the Delta-Mendota Canal, the California Aqueduct, and other canals that deliver irrigation water and transport floodwater.\n\nThe U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and the San Luis and Delta-Mendota Water Authority, assessed land subsidence in the vicinity of the Delta-Mendota Canal as part of an effort to minimize future subsidence-related damages to the canal. The location, magnitude, and stress regime of land-surface deformation during 2003–10 were determined by using extensometer, Global Positioning System (GPS), Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), spirit leveling, and groundwater-level data. Comparison of continuous GPS, shallow extensometer, and groundwater-level data, combined with results from a one-dimensional model, indicated the vast majority of the compaction took place beneath the Corcoran Clay, the primary regional confining unit.\n\nLand-surface deformation measurements indicated that much of the northern portion of the Delta-Mendota Canal (Clifton Court Forebay to Check 14) was fairly stable or minimally subsiding on an annual basis; some areas showed seasonal periods of subsidence and of uplift that resulted in little or no longer-term elevation loss. Many groundwater levels in this northern area did not reach historical lows during 2003–10, indicating that deformation in this region was primarily elastic.\n\nAlthough the northern portion of the Delta-Mendota Canal was relatively stable, land-surface deformation measurements indicated the southern portion of the Delta-Mendota Canal (Checks 15–21) subsided as part of a large subsidence feature centered about 15 kilometers northeast of the Delta-Mendota Canal, south of the town of El Nido. Results of InSAR analysis indicated at least 540 millimeters of subsidence near the San Joaquin River and the Eastside Bypass during 2008–10, which is part of a 3,200 square-kilometer area—including the southern part of the Delta-Mendota Canal—affected by 20 millimeters or more of subsidence during the same period. Calculations indicated that the subsidence rate doubled in 2008 in some areas. The GPS surveys done in 2008 and 2010 confirmed the high subsidence rate measured by using InSAR for the same period. Water levels in many shallow and deep wells in this area declined during 2007–10; water levels in many deep wells reached historical lows, indicating that subsidence measured during this period was largely inelastic. InSAR-derived subsidence maps for various periods during 2003–10 showed that the area of maximum active subsidence (that is, the largest rates of subsidence) shifted from its historical (1926–70) location southwest of Mendota to south of El Nido.\n\nContinued groundwater-level and land-subsidence monitoring in the San Joaquin Valley is important because (1) regulatory- and drought-related reductions in surface-water deliveries since 1976 have resulted in increased groundwater pumping and associated land subsidence, and (2) land use and associated groundwater pumping continue to change throughout the valley. The availability of surface water remains uncertain; even during record-setting precipitation years, such as 2010–11, water deliveries have fallen short of requests and groundwater pumping was required to meet the irrigation demand. Due to the expected continued demand for irrigation supply water and the limitations and uncertainty of surface-water supplies, groundwater pumping and associated land subsidence is likely to continue in the future. Spatially detailed information on land subsidence is needed to facilitate minimization of future subsidence-related damages to the Delta-Mendota Canal and other infrastructure in the San Joaquin Valley. The integration of subsidence, deformation, and water-level measurements—particularly continuous measurements—enables the analysis of aquifer-system response to increased groundwater pumping, which in turn, enables identification of the preconsolidation head and calculation of aquifer-system storage properties. This information can be used to improve numerical model simulations of groundwater flow and aquifer-system compaction and allow for consideration of land subsidence in the evaluation of water-resource management alternatives.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135142","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and the San Luis and Delta-Mendota Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Sneed, M., Brandt, J.T., and Solt, M., 2013, Land subsidence along the Delta-Mendota Canal in the northern part of the San Joaquin Valley, California, 2003-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5142, Report: x, 86 p.; 2 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135142.","productDescription":"Report: x, 86 p.; 2 Appendices","numberOfPages":"100","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-037140","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135142.jpg"},{"id":279407,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5142/pdf/sir2013-5142_appendixE.pdf"},{"id":279408,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5142/sir2013-5142_appendixE_tables.xlsx"},{"id":279405,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5142/"},{"id":279406,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5142/pdf/sir2013-5142.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Delta-mendota Canal;San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,35.5 ], [ -122.5,38.0 ], [ -119.5,38.0 ], [ -119.5,35.5 ], [ -122.5,35.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"528f53c9e4b0660d392bed6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sneed, Michelle 0000-0002-8180-382X micsneed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-382X","contributorId":155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneed","given":"Michelle","email":"micsneed@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, Justin T. 0000-0002-9397-6824 jbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-6824","contributorId":157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Justin","email":"jbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Solt, Mike","contributorId":88258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solt","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048999,"text":"ofr20131242 - 2013 - Mechanical properties of simulated Mars materials: gypsum-rich sandstones and lapilli tuff","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T10:23:53","indexId":"ofr20131242","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-21T12:35:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1242","title":"Mechanical properties of simulated Mars materials: gypsum-rich sandstones and lapilli tuff","docAbstract":"Observations by the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Opportunity, and other recent studies on diagenesis in the extensive equatorial layered deposits on Mars, suggest that the likely lithologies of these deposits are gypsum-rich sandstones and tuffaceous sediments (for example, Murchie and others, 2009; Squyres and others, 2012; Zimbelman and Scheidt, 2012). Of particular interest is how the diagenesis history of these sediments (degree of cementation and composition) influences the strength and brittle behavior of the material. For instance, fractures are more common in lower porosity materials under strain, whereas deformation bands, characterized by distributed strain throughout a broader discontinuity in a material, are common in higher porosity sedimentary materials. Such discontinuities can either enhance or restrict fluid flow; hence, failure mode plays an important role in determining the mechanics of fluid migration through sediments (Antonellini and Aydin, 1994; 1995; Taylor and Pollard, 2000; Ogilvie and Glover, 2001). As part of a larger study to characterize processes of fault-controlled fluid flow in volcaniclastic and gypsum-rich sediments on Mars, we have completed a series of laboratory experiments to focus on how gypsum clast content and degree of authigenic cementation affects the strength behavior of simulated Mars rocks. Both axial deformation and hydrostatic pressure tests were done at room temperature under dry conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131242","usgsCitation":"Morrow, C., Lockner, D., and Okubo, C., 2013, Mechanical properties of simulated Mars materials: gypsum-rich sandstones and lapilli tuff: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1242, iii, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131242.","productDescription":"iii, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044873","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131242.PNG"},{"id":279396,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1242/pdf/of2013-1242.pdf"},{"id":279348,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1242/"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"528f53cbe4b0660d392bed78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrow, Carolyn","contributorId":71874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"Carolyn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockner, David","contributorId":21058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Okubo, Chris","contributorId":36278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048958,"text":"sir20135166 - 2013 - Developing and implementing the use of predictive models for estimating water quality at Great Lakes beaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-21T12:41:47","indexId":"sir20135166","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-21T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5166","title":"Developing and implementing the use of predictive models for estimating water quality at Great Lakes beaches","docAbstract":"Predictive models have been used at beaches to improve the timeliness and accuracy of recreational water-quality assessments over the most common current approach to water-quality monitoring, which relies on culturing fecal-indicator bacteria such as <i>Escherichia coli (E. coli.)</i>. Beach-specific predictive models use environmental and water-quality variables that are easily and quickly measured as surrogates to estimate concentrations of fecal-indicator bacteria or to provide the probability that a State recreational water-quality standard will be exceeded. When predictive models are used for beach closure or advisory decisions, they are referred to as “nowcasts.” During the recreational seasons of 2010-12, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with 23 local and State agencies, worked to improve existing nowcasts at 4 beaches, validate predictive models at another 38 beaches, and collect data for predictive-model development at 7 beaches throughout the Great Lakes. This report summarizes efforts to collect data and develop predictive models by multiple agencies and to compile existing information on the beaches and beach-monitoring programs into one comprehensive report.\n\n<p>Local agencies measured <i>E. coli</i> concentrations and variables expected to affect <i>E. coli</i> concentrations such as wave height, turbidity, water temperature, and numbers of birds at the time of sampling. In addition to these field measurements, equipment was installed by the USGS or local agencies at or near several beaches to collect water-quality and metrological measurements in near real time, including nearshore buoys, weather stations, and tributary staff gages and monitors. The USGS worked with local agencies to retrieve data from existing sources either manually or by use of tools designed specifically to compile and process data for predictive-model development.</p>\n\n<p>Predictive models were developed by use of linear regression and (or) partial least squares techniques for 42 beaches that had at least 2 years of data (2010-11 and sometimes earlier) and for 1 beach that had 1 year of data. For most models, software designed for model development by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Virtual Beach) was used. The selected model for each beach was based on a combination of explanatory variables including, most commonly, turbidity, day of the year, change in lake level over 24 hours, wave height, wind direction and speed, and antecedent rainfall for various time periods. Forty-two predictive models were validated against data collected during an independent year (2012) and compared to the current method for assessing recreational water quality-using the previous day’s <i>E. coli</i> concentration (persistence model). Goals for good predictive-model performance were responses that were at least 5 percent greater than the persistence model and overall correct responses greater than or equal to 80 percent, sensitivities (percentage of exceedances of the bathing-water standard that were correctly predicted by the model) greater than or equal to 50 percent, and specificities (percentage of nonexceedances correctly predicted by the model) greater than or equal to 85 percent. Out of 42 predictive models, 24 models yielded over-all correct responses that were at least 5 percent greater than the use of the persistence model. Predictive-model responses met the performance goals more often than the persistence-model responses in terms of overall correctness (28 versus 17 models, respectively), sensitivity (17 versus 4 models), and specificity (34 versus 25 models). Gaining knowledge of each beach and the factors that affect <i>E. coli</i> concentrations is important for developing good predictive models. Collection of additional years of data with a wide range of environmental conditions may also help to improve future model performance. The USGS will continue to work with local agencies in 2013 and beyond to develop and validate predictive models at beaches and improve existing nowcasts, restructuring monitoring activities to accommodate future uncertainties in funding and resources.</P>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135166","collaboration":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Restoration Initiative","usgsCitation":"Francy, D.S., Brady, A., Carvin, R.B., Corsi, S., Fuller, L.M., Harrison, J.H., Hayhurst, B.A., Lant, J., Nevers, M.B., Terrio, P.J., and Zimmerman, T.M., 2013, Developing and implementing the use of predictive models for estimating water quality at Great Lakes beaches: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5166, Report: vii, 68 p.; 3 Appendices, Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135166.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 68 p.; 3 Appendices, Downloads Directory","ipdsId":"IP-037603","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135166.jpg"},{"id":279349,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5166/"},{"id":279400,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5166/pdf/sir2013-5166_appendix2.pdf"},{"id":279401,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5166/table/sir2013-5166_appendix3.xlsx"},{"id":279398,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5166/pdf/sir2013-5166.pdf"},{"id":279399,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5166/table/sir2013-5166_appendix1.xls"},{"id":279402,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5166/Downloads"}],"country":"Canada;United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.33,41.25 ], [ -92.33,49.12 ], [ -75.73,49.12 ], [ -75.73,41.25 ], [ -92.33,41.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"528f53c8e4b0660d392bed69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Francy, Donna S. 0000-0001-9229-3557 dsfrancy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9229-3557","contributorId":1853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francy","given":"Donna","email":"dsfrancy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brady, Amie M. 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