{"pageNumber":"1397","pageRowStart":"34900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184733,"records":[{"id":70112899,"text":"70112899 - 2014 - Infection of sea lamprey with an unusual strain of Aeromonas salmonicida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-18T11:39:01","indexId":"70112899","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T10:22:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infection of sea lamprey with an unusual strain of Aeromonas salmonicida","docAbstract":"The invasion of the Laurentian Great Lakes by the fish-parasitic sea lamprey has led to catastrophic consequences, including the potential introduction of fish pathogens. Aeromonas salmonicida is a bacterial fish pathogen that causes devastating losses worldwide. Currently, there are five accepted subspecies of Aeromonas salmonicida: A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, masoucida, smithia, achromogenes, and pectinolytica. We discuss the discovery of an isolate of A. salmonicida that is pathogenic to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and exhibits unique phenotypic and molecular characteristics. We examined 181 adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) from the Humber River (Lake Ontario watershed) and 162 adult sea lamprey from Duffins Creek (Lake Ontario watershed) during the spring seasons of 2005–11. Among those, 4/343 (1.2%) sea lamprey were culture positive for A. salmonicida, whereby biochemical and molecular studies identified three of the isolates as A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. The remaining isolate (As-SL1) recovered from Humber River sea lamprey was phenotypically more similar to A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida than to the four other A. salmonicida subspecies. However, unlike A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, As-SL1 was sucrose positive, produced an acid-over-acid reaction on triple-sugar iron medium and did not amplify with A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida specific primers. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial stretches of the 16S rRNA and DNA gyrase subunit B genes further confirmed that the As-SL1 isolate was not A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida, smithia, achromogenes, or pectinolytica. Based on our analyses, the As-SL1 isolate is either an unusual strain of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida or a novel A. salmonicida subspecies. The four A. salmonicida isolates that were recovered from sea lamprey were pathogenic to rainbow trout in experimental challenge studies. Our study also underscores the potential role of sea lamprey in the ecology of infectious fish diseases.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2013-01-026","usgsCitation":"Diamanka, A., Loch, T.P., Cipriano, R.C., Winters, A.D., and Faisal, M., 2014, Infection of sea lamprey with an unusual strain of Aeromonas salmonicida: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 50, no. 2, p. 159-170, https://doi.org/10.7589/2013-01-026.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"170","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-057471","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288798,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.7589/2013-01-026"}],"volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae774ce4b0abf75cf2c0e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diamanka, Arfang","contributorId":14737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diamanka","given":"Arfang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loch, Thomas P.","contributorId":44080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loch","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cipriano, Rocco C. rcipriano@usgs.gov","contributorId":2487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cipriano","given":"Rocco","email":"rcipriano@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":494877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winters, Andrew D.","contributorId":88653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Faisal, Mohamed","contributorId":94600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faisal","given":"Mohamed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70132323,"text":"70132323 - 2014 - Successes and challenges from formation to implementation of eleven broad-extent conservation programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-24T17:37:50","indexId":"70132323","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Successes and challenges from formation to implementation of eleven broad-extent conservation programs","docAbstract":"

Integration of conservation partnerships across geographic, biological, and administrative boundaries is increasingly relevant because drivers of change, such as climate shifts, transcend these boundaries. We explored successes and challenges of established conservation programs that span multiple watersheds and consider both social and ecological concerns. We asked representatives from a diverse set of 11 broadextent conservation partnerships in 29 countries 17 questions that pertained to launching and maintaining partnerships for broad-extent conservation, specifying ultimate management objectives, and implementation and learning. Partnerships invested more funds in implementing conservation actions than any other aspect of conservation, and a program’s context (geographic extent, United States vs. other countries, developed vs. developing nation) appeared to substantially affect program approach. Despite early successes of these organizations and benefits of broad-extent conservation, specific challenges related to uncertainties in scaling up information and to coordination in the face of diverse partner governance structures, conflicting objectives, and vast uncertainties regarding future system dynamics hindered long-term success, as demonstrated by the focal organizations. Engaging stakeholders, developing conservation measures, and implementing adaptive management were dominant challenges. To inform future research on broad-extent conservation, we considered several challenges when we developed detailed questions, such as what qualities of broad-extent partnerships ensure they complement, integrate, and strengthen, rather than replace, local conservation efforts and which adaptive management processes yield actionable conservation strategies that account explicitly for dynamics and uncertainties regarding multiscale governance, environmental conditions, and knowledge of the system?

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/cobi.12233","usgsCitation":"Beever, E.A., Bradford, J.B., Germino, M.J., Mattsson, B., Post van der Burg, M., and Brunson, M., 2014, Successes and challenges from formation to implementation of eleven broad-extent conservation programs: Conservation Biology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 302-314, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12233.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"314","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038103","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d63be4b04d4b7dbd669d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":2934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. 0000-0001-6326-7579 mgermino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":3298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew","email":"mgermino@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":522746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mattsson, Brady J.","contributorId":84205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattsson","given":"Brady J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":522743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Post van der Burg, Max 0000-0002-3943-4194 maxpostvanderburg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3943-4194","contributorId":4947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post van der Burg","given":"Max","email":"maxpostvanderburg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brunson, Mark","contributorId":65781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunson","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70114858,"text":"70114858 - 2014 - Occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern along the California coast (2009-10) using passive sampling devices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:31:38","indexId":"70114858","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T10:10:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern along the California coast (2009-10) using passive sampling devices","docAbstract":"

Three passive sampling devices (PSDs), polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), polyethylene devices (PEDs), and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) samplers were used to sample a diverse set of chemicals in the coastal waters of San Francisco Bay and the Southern California Bight. Seventy one chemicals (including fragrances, phosphate flame retardants, pharmaceuticals, PAHs, PCBs, PBDEs, and pesticides) were measured in at least 50% of the sites. The chemical profile from the San Francisco Bay sites was distinct from profiles from the sites in the Southern California Bight. This distinction was not due to a single compound or class, but by the relative abundances/concentrations of the chemicals. Comparing the PSDs to mussel (Mytilus spp.) tissues, a positive correlation exists for the 25 and 26 chemicals in common for the PEDs and SPME, respectively. Diphenhydramine was the only common chemical out of 40 analyzed in both POCIS and tissues detected at a common site.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.022","usgsCitation":"Alvarez, D., Maruya, K.A., Dodder, N.G., Lao, W., Furlong, E.T., and Smalling, K., 2014, Occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern along the California coast (2009-10) using passive sampling devices: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 81, no. 2, p. 347-354, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.022.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"354","numberOfPages":"8","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-042349","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"81","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae778be4b0abf75cf2c179","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alvarez, David A.","contributorId":72755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maruya, Keith A.","contributorId":85094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maruya","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dodder, Nathan G.","contributorId":15528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodder","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lao, Wenjian","contributorId":28531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lao","given":"Wenjian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L.","contributorId":16105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70126220,"text":"70126220 - 2014 - Ghost of habitat past: historic habitat affects the contemporary distribution of giant garter snakes in a modified landscape.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-23T10:09:45","indexId":"70126220","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T10:08:03","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ghost of habitat past: historic habitat affects the contemporary distribution of giant garter snakes in a modified landscape.","docAbstract":"Historic habitat conditions can affect contemporary communities and populations, but most studies of historic habitat are based on the reduction in habitat extent or connectivity. Little is known about the effects of historic habitat on contemporary species distributions when historic habitat has been nearly completely removed, but species persist in a highly altered landscape. More than 93% of the historic wetlands in the Central Valley of California, USA, have been drained and converted to agricultural and other uses, but agricultural wetlands, such as rice and its supporting infrastructure of canals, allow some species to persist. Little is known about the distribution of giant garter snakes Thamnophis gigas, a rare aquatic snake species inhabiting this predominantly agricultural landscape, or the variables that affect where this species occurs. We used occupancy modeling to examine the distribution of giant garter snakes at the landscape scale in the Sacramento Valley (northern portion of the Central Valley) of California, with an emphasis on the relative strength of historic and contemporary variables (landscape-scale habitat, local microhabitat, vegetation composition and relative prey counts) for predicting giant garter snake occurrence. Proximity to historic marsh best explained variation in the probability of occurrence of giant garter snakes at the landscape scale, with greater probability of occurrence near historic marsh. We suspect that the importance of distance to historic marsh represents dispersal limitations of giant garter snakes. These results suggest that preserving and restoring areas near historic marsh, and minimizing activities that reduce the extent of marsh or marsh-like (e.g. rice agriculture, canal) habitats near historic marsh may be advantageous to giant garter snakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, England","doi":"10.1111/acv.12073","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B., Wylie, G.D., and Casazza, M.L., 2014, Ghost of habitat past: historic habitat affects the contemporary distribution of giant garter snakes in a modified landscape.: Animal Conservation, v. 17, no. 2, p. 144-153, https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12073.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"144","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-045138","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294297,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294232,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12073"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb26e4b08312ac7cf044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, Glenn D. 0000-0002-7061-6658 glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-6658","contributorId":3052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70134514,"text":"70134514 - 2014 - Mineralogical, chemical and K-Ar isotopic changes in Kreyenhagen Shale whole rocks and <2 µm clay fractions during natural burial and hydrous-pyrolysis experimental maturation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-11T10:43:25","indexId":"70134514","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralogical, chemical and K-Ar isotopic changes in Kreyenhagen Shale whole rocks and <2 µm clay fractions during natural burial and hydrous-pyrolysis experimental maturation","docAbstract":"

Progressive maturation of the Eocene Kreyenhagen Shale from the San Joaquin Basin of California was studied by combining mineralogical and chemical analyses with K–Ar dating of whole rocks and <2 μm clay fractions from naturally buried samples and laboratory induced maturation by hydrous pyrolysis of an immature outcrop sample. The K–Ar age decreases from 89.9 ± 3.9 and 72.4 ± 4.2 Ma for the outcrop whole rock and its <2 μm fraction, respectively, to 29.7 ± 1.5 and 21.0 ± 0.7 Ma for the equivalent materials buried to 5167 m. The natural maturation does not produce K–Ar ages in the historical sense, but rather K/Ar ratios of relative K and radiogenic 40Ar amounts resulting from a combined crystallization of authigenic and alteration of initial detrital K-bearing minerals of the rocks. The Al/K ratio of the naturally matured rocks is essentially constant for the entire depth sequence, indicating that there is no detectable variation in the crystallo-chemical organization of the K-bearing alumino-silicates with depth. No supply of K from outside of the rock volumes occurred, which indicates a closed-system behavior for it. Conversely, the content of the total organic carbon (TOC) content decreases significantly with burial, based on the progressive increasing Al/TOC ratio of the whole rocks. The initial varied mineralogy and chemistry of the rocks and their <2 μm fractions resulting from differences in detrital sources and depositional settings give scattered results that homogenize progressively during burial due to increased authigenesis, and concomitant increased alteration of the detrital material.

\n

Hydrous pyrolysis was intended to alleviate the problem of mineral and chemical variations in initially deposited rocks of naturally matured sequences. However, experiments on aliquots from thermally immature Kreyenhagen Shale outcrop sample did not mimic the results from naturally buried samples. Experiments conducted for 72 h at temperatures from 270 to 365 °C did not induce significant changes at temperatures above 310 °C in the mineralogical composition and K–Ar ages of the rock and <2 μm fraction. The K–Ar ages of the <2 μm fraction range from 72.4 ± 4.2 Ma in the outcrop sample to 62.4 ± 3.4 Ma in the sample heated the most at 365 °C for 216 h. This slight decrease in age outlines some loss of radiogenic 40Ar, together with losses of organic matter as oil, gas, and aqueous organic species.

\n

Large amounts of smectite layers in the illite–smectite mixed layers of the pyrolyzed outcrop <2 μm fraction remain during thermal experiments, especially above 310 °C. With no illitization detected above 310 °C, smectite appears to have inhibited rather than promoted generation of expelled oil from decomposition of bitumen. This hindrance is interpreted to result from bitumen impregnating the smectite interlayer sites and rock matrix. Bitumen remains in the <2 μm fraction despite leaching with H2O2. Its presence in the smectite interlayers is apparent by the inability of the clay fraction to fully expand or collapse once bitumen generation from the thermal decomposition of the kerogen is completed, and by almost invariable K–Ar ages confirming for the lack of any K supply and/or radiogenic 40Ar removal. This suggests that once bitumen impregnates the porosity of a progressively maturing source rock, the pore system is no longer wetted by water and smectite to illite conversion ceases. Experimental attempts to evaluate the smectite conversion to illite should preferentially use low-TOC rocks to avoid inhibition of the reaction by bitumen impregnation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.007","usgsCitation":"Clauer, N., Lewan, M., Dolan, M.P., Chaudhuri, S., and Curtis, J.B., 2014, Mineralogical, chemical and K-Ar isotopic changes in Kreyenhagen Shale whole rocks and <2 µm clay fractions during natural burial and hydrous-pyrolysis experimental maturation: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 130, p. 93-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.007.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"112","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045134","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296612,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.5087890625,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -121.5087890625,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -118.01513671875,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -118.01513671875,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -121.5087890625,\n 35.10193405724606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"130","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548ace3fe4b00f366bee37c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clauer, Norbert","contributorId":79664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clauer","given":"Norbert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewan, Michael D. mlewan@usgs.gov","contributorId":940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"Michael D.","email":"mlewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dolan, Michael P.","contributorId":12880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dolan","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7104,"text":"Dolan Integration Group, Boulder, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chaudhuri, Sambhudas","contributorId":21708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chaudhuri","given":"Sambhudas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Curtis, John B.","contributorId":70972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curtis","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70126043,"text":"70126043 - 2014 - Spatially robust estimates of biological nitrogen (N) fixation imply substantial human alteration of the tropical N cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-19T09:48:41","indexId":"70126043","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatially robust estimates of biological nitrogen (N) fixation imply substantial human alteration of the tropical N cycle","docAbstract":"

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the largest natural source of exogenous nitrogen (N) to unmanaged ecosystems and also the primary baseline against which anthropogenic changes to the N cycle are measured. Rates of BNF in tropical rainforest are thought to be among the highest on Earth, but they are notoriously difficult to quantify and are based on little empirical data. We adapted a sampling strategy from community ecology to generate spatial estimates of symbiotic and free-living BNF in secondary and primary forest sites that span a typical range of tropical forest legume abundance. Although total BNF was higher in secondary than primary forest, overall rates were roughly five times lower than previous estimates for the tropical forest biome. We found strong correlations between symbiotic BNF and legume abundance, but we also show that spatially free-living BNF often exceeds symbiotic inputs. Our results suggest that BNF in tropical forest has been overestimated, and our data are consistent with a recent top-down estimate of global BNF that implied but did not measure low tropical BNF rates. Finally, comparing tropical BNF within the historical area of tropical rainforest with current anthropogenic N inputs indicates that humans have already at least doubled reactive N inputs to the tropical forest biome, a far greater change than previously thought. Because N inputs are increasing faster in the tropics than anywhere on Earth, both the proportion and the effects of human N enrichment are likely to grow in the future.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1320646111","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, B., Smith, W.K., Townsend, A.R., Nasto, M.K., Reed, S.C., Chazdon, R.L., and Cleveland, C.C., 2014, Spatially robust estimates of biological nitrogen (N) fixation imply substantial human alteration of the tropical N cycle: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 111, no. 22, p. 8101-8106, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1320646111.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"8101","endPage":"8106","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-052478","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1320646111","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294205,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294192,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1320646111"}],"volume":"111","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541d45a6e4b0f68901ec3100","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Benjamin W.","contributorId":102401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Benjamin W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, William K.","contributorId":23544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Townsend, Alan R.","contributorId":62868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townsend","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nasto, Megan K.","contributorId":14305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nasto","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619 screed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha","email":"screed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chazdon, Robin L.","contributorId":54900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chazdon","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cleveland, Cory C.","contributorId":10264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Cory","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70170546,"text":"70170546 - 2014 - Carbon and geochemical properties of cryosols on the North Slope of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T08:31:11","indexId":"70170546","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1264,"text":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon and geochemical properties of cryosols on the North Slope of Alaska","docAbstract":"
\n

Cryosols contain roughly 1700 Gt of Soil organic carbon (SOC) roughly double the carbon content of the atmosphere. As global temperature rises and permafrost thaws, this carbon reservoir becomes vulnerable to microbial decomposition, resulting in greenhouse gas emissions that will amplify anthropogenic warming. Improving our understanding of carbon dynamics in thawing permafrost requires more data on carbon and nitrogen content, soil physical and chemical properties and substrate quality in cryosols. We analyzed five permafrost cores obtained from the North Slope of Alaska during the summer of 2009. The relationship between SOC and soil bulk density can be adequately represented by a logarithmic function. Gas fluxes at − 5 °C and 5 °C were measured to calculate the temperature response quotient (Q10). Q10 and the respiration per unit soil C were higher in permafrost-affected soils than that in the active layer, suggesting that decomposition and heterotrophic respiration in cryosols may contribute more to global warming.

\n
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.01.001","usgsCitation":"Mu, C., Zhang, T., Schuster, P.F., Schaefer, K., Wickland, K.P., Repert, D.A., Liu, L., Schaefer, T., and Cheng, G., 2014, Carbon and geochemical properties of cryosols on the North Slope of Alaska: Cold Regions Science and Technology, v. 100, p. 59-67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.01.001.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056162","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320492,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.97412109375,\n 70.45885925640687\n ],\n [\n -150.44677734375,\n 70.46620742226558\n ],\n [\n -149.34814453125,\n 70.49557354093137\n ],\n [\n -148.86474609375,\n 70.44415495538642\n ],\n [\n -148.20556640625,\n 70.34092679475283\n ],\n [\n -147.568359375,\n 70.22231091600497\n ],\n [\n -147.65625,\n 69.80172356231073\n ],\n [\n -147.63427734375,\n 69.21720177564615\n ],\n [\n -148.29345703124997,\n 68.73638345287264\n ],\n [\n -149.39208984375,\n 68.4234339681939\n ],\n [\n -150.75439453125,\n 68.22052325573338\n ],\n [\n -151.3916015625,\n 68.22052325573338\n ],\n [\n -152.05078125,\n 68.35869913946578\n ],\n [\n -152.40234375,\n 68.68053347928972\n ],\n [\n -152.5341796875,\n 69.00567519658819\n ],\n [\n -152.4462890625,\n 69.26393034602108\n ],\n [\n -151.98486328125,\n 69.74094412836399\n ],\n [\n -151.54541015625,\n 70.04309814378466\n ],\n [\n -150.97412109375,\n 70.45885925640687\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"100","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571f3fb1e4b071321fe56a07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mu, Cuicui","contributorId":168877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mu","given":"Cuicui","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25375,"text":"Lanzhou University, PR China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Tingjun","contributorId":66600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Tingjun","affiliations":[{"id":28117,"text":"Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schuster, Paul F. 0000-0002-8314-1372 pschuste@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1372","contributorId":1360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Paul","email":"pschuste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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2014 - Capturing interactions between nitrogen and hydrological cycles under historical climate and land use: Susquehanna watershed analysis with the GFDL land model LM3-TAN","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-24T09:22:56","indexId":"70129607","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T09:19:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Capturing interactions between nitrogen and hydrological cycles under historical climate and land use: Susquehanna watershed analysis with the GFDL land model LM3-TAN","docAbstract":"We developed a process model LM3-TAN to assess the combined effects of direct human influences and climate change on terrestrial and aquatic nitrogen (TAN) cycling. The model was developed by expanding NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory land model LM3V-N of coupled terrestrial carbon and nitrogen (C-N) cycling and including new N cycling processes and inputs such as a soil denitrification, point N sources to streams (i.e., sewage), and stream transport and microbial processes. Because the model integrates ecological, hydrological, and biogeochemical processes, it captures key controls of the transport and fate of N in the vegetation–soil–river system in a comprehensive and consistent framework which is responsive to climatic variations and land-use changes. We applied the model at 1/8° resolution for a study of the Susquehanna River Basin. We simulated with LM3-TAN stream dissolved organic-N, ammonium-N, and nitrate-N loads throughout the river network, and we evaluated the modeled loads for 1986–2005 using data from 16 monitoring stations as well as a reported budget for the entire basin. By accounting for interannual hydrologic variability, the model was able to capture interannual variations of stream N loadings. While the model was calibrated with the stream N loads only at the last downstream Susquehanna River Basin Commission station Marietta (40°02' N, 76°32' W), it captured the N loads well at multiple locations within the basin with different climate regimes, land-use types, and associated N sources and transformations in the sub-basins. Furthermore, the calculated and previously reported N budgets agreed well at the level of the whole Susquehanna watershed. Here we illustrate how point and non-point N sources contributing to the various ecosystems are stored, lost, and exported via the river. Local analysis of six sub-basins showed combined effects of land use and climate on soil denitrification rates, with the highest rates in the Lower Susquehanna Sub-Basin (extensive agriculture; Atlantic coastal climate) and the lowest rates in the West Branch Susquehanna Sub-Basin (mostly forest; Great Lakes and Midwest climate). In the re-growing secondary forests, most of the N from non-point sources was stored in the vegetation and soil, but in the agricultural lands most N inputs were removed by soil denitrification, indicating that anthropogenic N applications could drive substantial increase of N2O emission, an intermediate of the denitrification process.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-11-5809-2014","usgsCitation":"Lee, M., Malyshev, S., Shevliakova, E., Milly, P., and Jaffe, P.R., 2014, Capturing interactions between nitrogen and hydrological cycles under historical climate and land use: Susquehanna watershed analysis with the GFDL land model LM3-TAN: Biogeosciences, v. 11, p. 5809-5826, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5809-2014.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"5809","endPage":"5826","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-058259","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5809-2014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":295706,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295705,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5809-2014"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Susquehanna River","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b6a1ae4b03653c63fb1c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, M.","contributorId":17932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malyshev, S.","contributorId":58210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malyshev","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shevliakova, E.","contributorId":69910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shevliakova","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milly, Paul C. 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Pesticide mixtures are common in streams with agricultural or urban influence in the watershed. The Pesticide Toxicity Index (PTI) is a screening tool to assess potential aquatic toxicity of complex pesticide mixtures by combining measures of pesticide exposure and acute toxicity in an additive toxic-unit model. The PTI is determined separately for fish, cladocerans, and benthic invertebrates. This study expands the number of pesticides and degradates included in previous editions of the PTI from 124 to 492 pesticides and degradates, and includes two types of PTI for use in different applications, depending on study objectives. The Median-PTI was calculated from median toxicity values for individual pesticides, so is robust to outliers and is appropriate for comparing relative potential toxicity among samples, sites, or pesticides. The Sensitive-PTI uses the 5th percentile of available toxicity values, so is a more sensitive screening-level indicator of potential toxicity. PTI predictions of toxicity in environmental samples were tested using data aggregated from published field studies that measured pesticide concentrations and toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia in ambient stream water. C. dubia survival was reduced to ≤ 50% of controls in 44% of samples with Median-PTI values of 0.1–1, and to 0% in 96% of samples with Median-PTI values > 1. The PTI is a relative, but quantitative, indicator of potential toxicity that can be used to evaluate relationships between pesticide exposure and biological condition.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of The Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.088","usgsCitation":"Nowell, L.H., Norman, J.E., Moran, P.W., Martin, J.D., and Stone, W.W., 2014, Pesticide Toxicity Index: a tool for assessing potential toxicity of pesticide mixtures to freshwater aquatic organisms: Science of the Total Environment, v. 476-477, p. 144-157, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.088.","productDescription":"14 p.; appendixes","startPage":"144","endPage":"157","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046429","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294961,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.088"},{"id":294962,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969713015714"},{"id":299606,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pnsp/pubs/Nowell2014_STOTEN_PTI/Nowell2014_SuppInfo_PTI.zip","text":"Appendixes A-D"}],"volume":"476-477","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"543500b4e4b0a4f4b46a23b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowell, Lisa H. 0000-0001-5417-7264 lhnowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-7264","contributorId":490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowell","given":"Lisa","email":"lhnowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norman, Julia E. 0000-0002-2820-6225 jnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-6225","contributorId":3832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Julia","email":"jnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Patrick W. 0000-0002-2002-3539 pwmoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-3539","contributorId":489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Patrick","email":"pwmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Jeffrey D. 0000-0003-1994-5285 jdmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-5285","contributorId":1066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jdmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stone, Wesley W. 0000-0003-0239-2063 wwstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-2063","contributorId":1496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Wesley","email":"wwstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70124550,"text":"70124550 - 2014 - Behavioural cues surpass habitat factors in explaining prebreeding resource selection by a migratory diving duck","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T16:43:00","indexId":"70124550","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T07:48:05","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioural cues surpass habitat factors in explaining prebreeding resource selection by a migratory diving duck","docAbstract":"Prebreeding habitat selection in birds can often be explained in part by habitat characteristics. However, females may also select habitats on the basis of fidelity to areas of previous reproductive success or use by conspecifics. The relative influences of sociobehavioural attributes versus habitat characteristics in habitat selection has been primarily investigated in songbirds, while less is known about how these factors affect habitat selection processes in migratory waterfowl. Animal resource selection models often exhibit much unexplained variation; spatial patterns driven by social and behavioural characteristics may account for some of this. We radiomarked female lesser scaup, Aythya affinis, in the southwestern extent of their breeding range to explore hypotheses regarding relative roles of habitat quality, site fidelity and conspecific density in prebreeding habitat selection. We used linear mixed-effects models to relate intensity of use within female home ranges to habitat features, distance to areas of reproductive success during the previous breeding season and conspecific density. Home range habitats included shallow water (≤118 cm), moderate to high densities of flooded emergent vegetation/open water edge and open water areas with submerged aquatic vegetation. Compared with habitat features, conspecific female density and proximity to successful nesting habitats from the previous breeding season had greater influences on habitat use within home ranges. Fidelity and conspecific attraction are behavioural characteristics in some waterfowl species that may exert a greater influence than habitat features in influencing prebreeding space use and habitat selection within home ranges, particularly where quality habitat is abundant. These processes may be of critical importance to a better understanding of habitat selection in breeding birds.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.004","usgsCitation":"O’Neil, S.T., Warren, J.M., Takekawa, J.Y., De La Cruz, S.E., Cutting, K.A., Parker, M.W., and Yee, J.L., 2014, Behavioural cues surpass habitat factors in explaining prebreeding resource selection by a migratory diving duck: Animal Behaviour, v. 90, p. 21-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-051708","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293793,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293789,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.004"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.907962,44.577373 ], [ -111.907962,44.715944 ], [ -111.582843,44.715944 ], [ -111.582843,44.577373 ], [ -111.907962,44.577373 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"90","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b1ce4b082fed288b8f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neil, Shawn T.","contributorId":62533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warren, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":16297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"De La Cruz, Susan E. 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Spring was returning to Alaska on Friday 27 March 1964. A two‐week cold snap had just ended, and people were getting ready for the Easter weekend. At 5:36 p.m., an earthquake initiated 12 km beneath Prince William Sound, near the eastern end of what is now recognized as the Alaska‐Aleutian subduction zone. No one was expecting this earthquake that would radically alter the coastal landscape, influence the direction of science, and indelibly mark the growth of a burgeoning state.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220140020","usgsCitation":"West, M., Haeussler, P.J., Ruppert, N.A., Freymueller, J., and Alaska Seismic Hazards Safety Commission, 2014, Why the 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake matters 50 years later: Seismological Research Letters, v. 85, no. 2, p. 245-251, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140020.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"251","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054609","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296441,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.04522953391194,\n 66.68954870433438\n ],\n [\n -160.04522953391194,\n 54.97067577720671\n ],\n [\n -133.64609437534986,\n 54.97067577720671\n ],\n [\n -133.64609437534986,\n 66.68954870433438\n ],\n [\n -160.04522953391194,\n 66.68954870433438\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548193cbe4b0aa6d778520ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"West, Michael E.","contributorId":91830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Michael E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppert, Natalia A.","contributorId":89117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Natalia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":96841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffrey T.","affiliations":[{"id":26875,"text":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Alaska Seismic Hazards Safety Commission","contributorId":127695,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Alaska Seismic Hazards Safety Commission","id":526370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70134594,"text":"70134594 - 2014 - Little late Holocene strain accumulation and release on the Aleutian megathrust below the Shumagin Islands, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-04T14:09:32","indexId":"70134594","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Little late Holocene strain accumulation and release on the Aleutian megathrust below the Shumagin Islands, Alaska","docAbstract":"

Can a predominantly creeping segment of a subduction zone generate a great (M > 8) earthquake? Despite Russian accounts of strong shaking and high tsunamis in 1788, geodetic observations above the Aleutian megathrust indicate creeping subduction across the Shumagin Islands segment, a well-known seismic gap. Seeking evidence for prehistoric great earthquakes, we investigated Simeonof Island, the archipelago's easternmost island, and found no evidence for uplifted marine terraces or subsided shorelines. Instead, we found freshwater peat blanketing lowlands, and organic-rich silt and tephra draping higher glacially smoothed bedrock. Basal peat ages place glacier retreat prior to 10.4 ka and imply slowly rising (<0.2 m/ka) relative sea level since ~3.4 ka. Storms rather than tsunamis probably deposited thin, discontinuous deposits in coastal sites. If rupture of the megathrust beneath Simeonof Island produced great earthquakes in the late Holocene, then coseismic uplift or subsidence was too small (≤0.3 m) to perturb the onshore geologic record.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2014GL059393","usgsCitation":"Witter, R., Briggs, R.W., Engelhart, S.E., Gelfenbaum, G.R., Koehler, R., and Barnhart, W.D., 2014, Little late Holocene strain accumulation and release on the Aleutian megathrust below the Shumagin Islands, Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 41, no. 7, p. 2359-2367, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL059393.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2359","endPage":"2367","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054595","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/geo_facpubs/7","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Shumagin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -161.7626953125,\n 55.55349545845371\n ],\n [\n -161.7626953125,\n 60.392147922518845\n ],\n [\n -149.58984375,\n 60.392147922518845\n ],\n [\n -149.58984375,\n 55.55349545845371\n ],\n [\n -161.7626953125,\n 55.55349545845371\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548193bce4b0aa6d778520ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":4136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy R. 0000-0003-1291-6107 ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-6107","contributorId":742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","email":"ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koehler, Richard D.","contributorId":76993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koehler","given":"Richard D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnhart, William D. wbarnhart@usgs.gov","contributorId":5299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"William","email":"wbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70137570,"text":"70137570 - 2014 - Mechanisms driving recruitment variability in fish: comparisons between the Laurentian Great Lakes and marine systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T14:30:35","indexId":"70137570","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1936,"text":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanisms driving recruitment variability in fish: comparisons between the Laurentian Great Lakes and marine systems","docAbstract":"

In his seminal work, Hjort (in Fluctuations in the great fisheries of Northern Europe. Conseil Parmanent International Pour L'Exploration De La Mar. Rapports et Proces-Verbaux, 20: 1–228, 1914) observed that fish population levels fluctuated widely, year-class strength was set early in life, and egg production by adults could not alone explain variability in year-class strength. These observations laid the foundation for hypotheses on mechanisms driving recruitment variability in marine systems. More recently, researchers have sought to explain year-class strength of important fish in the Laurentian Great Lakes and some of the hypotheses developed for marine fisheries have been transferred to Great Lakes fish. We conducted a literature review to determine the applicability of marine recruitment hypotheses to Great Lakes fish. We found that temperature, interspecific interactions, and spawner effects (abundance, age, and condition of adults) were the most important factors in explaining recruitment variability in Great Lakes fish, whereas relatively fewer studies identified bottom-up trophodynamic factors or hydrodynamic factors as important. Next, we compared recruitment between Great Lakes and Baltic Sea fish populations and found no statistical difference in factors driving recruitment between the two systems, indicating that recruitment hypotheses may often be transferable between Great Lakes and marine systems. Many recruitment hypotheses developed for marine fish have yet to be applied to Great Lakes fish. We suggest that future research on recruitment in the Great Lakes should focus on forecasting the effects of climate change and invasive species. Further, because the Great Lakes are smaller and more enclosed than marine systems, and have abundant fishery-independent data, they are excellent candidates for future hypothesis testing on recruitment in fish.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsu080","usgsCitation":"Pritt, J., Roseman, E., and O’Brien, T.P., 2014, Mechanisms driving recruitment variability in fish: comparisons between the Laurentian Great Lakes and marine systems: ICES Journal of Marine Science, v. 71, no. 8, p. 2252-2267, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu080.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2252","endPage":"2267","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051263","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu080","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297112,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Laurentian Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.26318359375,\n 41.32732632036622\n ],\n [\n -92.26318359375,\n 49.023461463214126\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n 49.023461463214126\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n 41.32732632036622\n ],\n [\n -92.26318359375,\n 41.32732632036622\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bf0e4b08de9379b358a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pritt, Jeremy J.","contributorId":138591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pritt","given":"Jeremy J.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. eroseman@usgs.gov","contributorId":534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","email":"eroseman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Brien, Timothy P. 0000-0003-4502-5204 tiobrien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4502-5204","contributorId":2662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Timothy","email":"tiobrien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70112605,"text":"70112605 - 2014 - Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation and Agricultural Crops","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T15:44:11","indexId":"70112605","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation and Agricultural Crops","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Thenkabail, P.S., Gumma, M., Teluguntla, P.G., and Ilyas, M., 2014, Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation and Agricultural Crops: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 80, no. 4, p. 697-709.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"697","endPage":"709","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052042","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297552,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bcce4b08de9379b34de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thenkabail, Prasad S. 0000-0002-2182-8822 pthenkabail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-8822","contributorId":570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"Prasad","email":"pthenkabail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gumma, Murali Krishna","contributorId":50426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gumma","given":"Murali Krishna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teluguntla, Pardhasaradhi G. 0000-0001-8060-9841 pteluguntla@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8060-9841","contributorId":5275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teluguntla","given":"Pardhasaradhi","email":"pteluguntla@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ilyas, Mohammed","contributorId":79479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ilyas","given":"Mohammed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70141031,"text":"70141031 - 2014 - Hydrological effects of forest transpiration loss in bark beetle-impacted watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-15T17:52:12.448976","indexId":"70141031","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrological effects of forest transpiration loss in bark beetle-impacted watersheds","docAbstract":"

The recent climate-exacerbated mountain pine beetle infestation in the Rocky Mountains of North America has resulted in tree death that is unprecedented in recorded history. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity inherent in insect infestation creates a complex and often unpredictable watershed response, influencing the primary storage and flow components of the hydrologic cycle. Despite the increased vulnerability of forested ecosystems under changing climate1, watershed-scale implications of interception, ground evaporation, and transpiration changes remain relatively unknown, with conflicting reports of streamflow perturbations across regions. Here, contributions to streamflow are analysed through time and space to investigate the potential for increased groundwater inputs resulting from hydrologic change after infestation. Results demonstrate that fractional late-summer groundwater contributions from impacted watersheds are 30 ± 15% greater after infestation and when compared with a neighbouring watershed that experienced earlier and less-severe attack, albeit uncertainty propagations through time and space are considerable. Water budget analysis confirms that transpiration loss resulting from beetle kill can account for the relative increase in groundwater contributions to streams, often considered the sustainable flow fraction and critical to mountain water supplies and ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/nclimate2198","usgsCitation":"Bearup, L.A., Maxwell, R.M., Clow, D.W., and McCray, J.E., 2014, Hydrological effects of forest transpiration loss in bark beetle-impacted watersheds: Nature Climate Change, v. 4, p. 481-486, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2198.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"481","endPage":"486","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054398","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297943,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.0675048828125,\n 40.012890779526174\n ],\n [\n -106.0675048828125,\n 40.591013883455936\n ],\n [\n -105.38909912109375,\n 40.591013883455936\n ],\n [\n -105.38909912109375,\n 40.012890779526174\n ],\n [\n -106.0675048828125,\n 40.012890779526174\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bcce4b08de9379b34db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bearup, Lindsay A.","contributorId":139257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bearup","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maxwell, Reed M.","contributorId":95373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxwell","given":"Reed","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCray, John E.","contributorId":139258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCray","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173611,"text":"70173611 - 2014 - Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in seasonal camouflage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:55:08","indexId":"70173611","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in seasonal camouflage","docAbstract":"

As duration of snow cover decreases owing to climate change, species undergoing seasonal colour moults can become colour mismatched with their background. The immediate adaptive solution to this mismatch is phenotypic plasticity, either in phenology of seasonal colour moults or in behaviours that reduce mismatch or its consequences. We observed nearly 200 snowshoe hares across a wide range of snow conditions and two study sites in Montana, USA, and found minimal plasticity in response to mismatch between coat colour and background. We found that moult phenology varied between study sites, likely due to differences in photoperiod and climate, but was largely fixed within study sites with only minimal plasticity to snow conditions during the spring white-to-brown moult. We also found no evidence that hares modify their behaviour in response to colour mismatch. Hiding and fleeing behaviours and resting spot preference of hares were more affected by variables related to season, site and concealment by vegetation, than by colour mismatch. We conclude that plasticity in moult phenology and behaviours in snowshoe hares is insufficient for adaptation to camouflage mismatch, suggesting that any future adaptation to climate change will require natural selection on moult phenology or behaviour.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2014.0029","usgsCitation":"Zimova, M., Mills, L.S., Lukacs, P.M., and Mitchell, M.S., 2014, Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in seasonal camouflage: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 281, no. 1782, Article 20140029; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0029.","productDescription":"Article 20140029; 9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053217","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0029","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323435,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"281","issue":"1782","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9336e4b04f417c275183","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimova, Marketa","contributorId":171704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimova","given":"Marketa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mills, L. Scott","contributorId":89431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lukacs, Paul M.","contributorId":101240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukacs","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70140689,"text":"70140689 - 2014 - Beta-thymosin gene polymorphism associated with freshwater invasiveness of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-10T13:04:43","indexId":"70140689","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2278,"text":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beta-thymosin gene polymorphism associated with freshwater invasiveness of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)","docAbstract":"

Predicting the success of a species’ colonization into a novel environment is routinely considered to be predicated on niche-space similarity and vacancy, as well as propagule pressure. The role genomic variation plays in colonization success (and the interaction with environment) may be suggested, but has not rigorously been documented. To test an hypothesis that previously observed ecotype-specific polymorphisms between anadromous and landlocked alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) populations are an adaptive response to osmoregulatory challenges rather than a result of allele sampling at founding, we examined multiple anadromous and landlocked (colonized) populations for their allelic profiles at a conserved region (3’-UTR end) of a β-thymosin gene whose protein product plays a central role in the organization of cytoskeleton. The putatively ancestral β-thymosin allele was prevalent in anadromous populations, whereas a newly derived allele was overrepresented in landlocked populations; a third allele was exclusive to the anadromous populations. We also conducted a complementary set of salinity exposure experiments to test osmoregulatory performance of the alewife ecotypes in contrasting saline environments. The pattern of variation and results from these challenges indicate a strong association of β-thymosin with colonization success and a transition for species with an anadromous life-history to one with only a freshwater component.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jez.1854","usgsCitation":"Michalak, K., Czesny, S.J., Epifanio, J., Snyder, R.J., Schultz, E.T., Velotta, J.P., McCormick, S., Brown, B.L., Santopietro, G., and Michalak, P., 2014, Beta-thymosin gene polymorphism associated with freshwater invasiveness of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus): Journal of Experimental Zoology, v. 321, no. 4, p. 233-240, https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1854.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"240","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053281","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1854","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"321","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b45e4b08de9379b32de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michalak, Katarzyna","contributorId":139196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Katarzyna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Czesny, Sergiusz J.","contributorId":138598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czesny","given":"Sergiusz","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12458,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Lake Michigan Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Epifanio, John","contributorId":139202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Epifanio","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snyder, Randal J.","contributorId":139203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"Randal","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schultz, Eric T.","contributorId":139206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Velotta, Jonathan P.","contributorId":86281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velotta","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":2197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen D.","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brown, Bonnie L.","contributorId":23083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Bonnie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Santopietro, Graciela","contributorId":139208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santopietro","given":"Graciela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Michalak, Pawel","contributorId":139209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Pawel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70189199,"text":"70189199 - 2014 - Biochar application to hardrock mine tailings: Soil quality, microbial activity, and toxic element sorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:52:45","indexId":"70189199","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biochar application to hardrock mine tailings: Soil quality, microbial activity, and toxic element sorption","docAbstract":"

Waste rock piles from historic mining activities remain unvegetated as a result of metal toxicity and high acidity. Biochar has been proposed as a low-cost remediation strategy to increase soil pH and reduce leaching of toxic elements, and improve plant establishment. In this laboratory column study, biochar made from beetle-killed pine wood was assessed for utility as a soil amendment by mixing soil material from two mine sites collected near Silverton, Colorado, USA with four application rates of biochar (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% vol:vol). Columns were leached seven times over 65 days and leachate pH and concentration of toxic elements and base cations were measured at each leaching. Nutrient availability and soil physical and biological parameters were determined following the incubation period. We investigated the hypotheses that biochar incorporation into acidic mine materials will (1) reduce toxic element concentrations in leaching solution, (2) improve soil parameters (i.e. increase nutrient and water holding capacity and pH, and decrease compaction), and (3) increase microbial populations and activity. Biochar directly increased soil pH (from 3.33 to 3.63 and from 4.07 to 4.77 in the two materials) and organic matter content, and decreased bulk density and extractable salt content in both mine materials, and increased nitrate availability in one material. No changes in microbial population or activity were detected in either mine material upon biochar application. In leachate solution, biochar increased base cations from both materials and reduced the concentrations of Al, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in leachate solution from one material. However, in the material with greater toxic element content, biochar did not reduce concentrations of any measured dissolved toxic elements in leachate and resulted in a potentially detrimental release of Cd and Zn into solution at concentrations above that of the pure mine material. The length of time of effectiveness and specific sorption by biochar is variable by element and the toxic element concentration and acidity of the initial mine material.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.02.003","usgsCitation":"Kelly, C.N., Peltz, C.D., Stanton, M.R., Rutherford, D.W., and Rostad, C.E., 2014, Biochar application to hardrock mine tailings: Soil quality, microbial activity, and toxic element sorption: Applied Geochemistry, v. 43, p. 35-48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.02.003.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-045330","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595dfab7e4b0d1f9f056a7a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, Charlene N. cnkelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":4563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Charlene","email":"cnkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peltz, Christopher D.","contributorId":194216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peltz","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanton, Mark R. mstanton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Mark","email":"mstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rutherford, David W. dwruther@usgs.gov","contributorId":1325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutherford","given":"David","email":"dwruther@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rostad, Colleen E. cerostad@usgs.gov","contributorId":833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"Colleen","email":"cerostad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70171348,"text":"70171348 - 2014 - Multibeam sonar (DIDSON) assessment of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) approaching a hydroelectric dam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T13:11:24","indexId":"70171348","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multibeam sonar (DIDSON) assessment of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) approaching a hydroelectric dam","docAbstract":"

We investigated the fish community approaching the Veazie Dam on the Penobscot River, Maine, prior to implementation of a major dam removal and river restoration project. Multibeam sonar (dual-frequency identification sonar, DIDSON) surveys were conducted continuously at the fishway entrance from May to July in 2011. A 5% subsample of DIDSON data contained 43 793 fish targets, the majority of which were of Excellent (15.7%) or Good (73.01%) observation quality. Excellent quality DIDSON targets (n = 6876) were apportioned by species using a Bayesian mixture model based on four known fork length distributions (river herring (alewife,Alosa psuedoharengus, and blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis), American shad, Alosa sapidissima) and two size classes (one sea-winter and multi-sea-winter) of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). 76.2% of targets were assigned to the American shad distribution; Atlantic salmon accounted for 15.64%, and river herring 8.16% of observed targets. Shad-sized (99.0%) and salmon-sized (99.3%) targets approached the fishway almost exclusively during the day, whereas river herring-sized targets were observed both during the day (51.1%) and at night (48.9%). This approach demonstrates how multibeam sonar imaging can be used to evaluate community composition and species-specific movement patterns in systems where there is little overlap in the length distributions of target species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2013-0308","usgsCitation":"Grote, A.B., Bailey, M.M., Zydlewski, J.D., and Hightower, J.E., 2014, Multibeam sonar (DIDSON) assessment of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) approaching a hydroelectric dam: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 71, no. 4, p. 545-558, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0308.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"558","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046112","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321858,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d65e9e4b07e28b66848d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grote, Ann B.","contributorId":169715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grote","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, Michael M.","contributorId":169684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bailey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":25572,"text":"University of Maine, Orono","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":630810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":630684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hightower, Joseph E. jhightower@usgs.gov","contributorId":835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"Joseph","email":"jhightower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188051,"text":"70188051 - 2014 - Landsat-8: Science and product vision for terrestrial global change research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-30T16:17:41","indexId":"70188051","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat-8: Science and product vision for terrestrial global change research","docAbstract":"

Landsat 8, a NASA and USGS collaboration, acquires global moderate-resolution measurements of the Earth's terrestrial and polar regions in the visible, near-infrared, short wave, and thermal infrared. Landsat 8 extends the remarkable 40 year Landsat record and has enhanced capabilities including new spectral bands in the blue and cirrus cloud-detection portion of the spectrum, two thermal bands, improved sensor signal-to-noise performance and associated improvements in radiometric resolution, and an improved duty cycle that allows collection of a significantly greater number of images per day. This paper introduces the current (2012–2017) Landsat Science Team's efforts to establish an initial understanding of Landsat 8 capabilities and the steps ahead in support of priorities identified by the team. Preliminary evaluation of Landsat 8 capabilities and identification of new science and applications opportunities are described with respect to calibration and radiometric characterization; surface reflectance; surface albedo; surface temperature, evapotranspiration and drought; agriculture; land cover, condition, disturbance and change; fresh and coastal water; and snow and ice. Insights into the development of derived ‘higher-level’ Landsat products are provided in recognition of the growing need for consistently processed, moderate spatial resolution, large area, long-term terrestrial data records for resource management and for climate and global change studies. The paper concludes with future prospects, emphasizing the opportunities for land imaging constellations by combining Landsat data with data collected from other international sensing systems, and consideration of successor Landsat mission requirements.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2014.02.001","usgsCitation":"Roy, D.P., Wulder, M., Loveland, T., Woodcock, C.E., Allen, R.G., Anderson, M.C., Helder, D., Irons, J.R., Johnson, D., Kennedy, R., Scambos, T.A., Schaaf, C.B., Schott, J.R., Sheng, Y., Vermote, E., Belward, A., Bindschadler, R., Cohen, W., Gao, F., Hipple, J.D., Hostert, P., Huntington, J., Justice, C., Kilic, A., Kovalskyy, V., Lee, Z.P., Lymburner, L., Masek, J.G., McCorkel, J., Shuai, Y., Trezza, R., Vogelmann, J., Wynne, R., and Zhu, Z., 2014, Landsat-8: Science and product vision for terrestrial global change research: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 145, p. 154-172, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.02.001.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"172","ipdsId":"IP-054700","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.02.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341888,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"145","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592e84c5e4b092b266f10d99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roy, David P.","contributorId":54761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":26958,"text":"South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":33433,"text":"University of Maryland, College Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wulder, M.A.","contributorId":36287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wulder","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":3005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":696327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodcock, C. 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P.","contributorId":192458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Lymburner, Leo","contributorId":190978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lymburner","given":"Leo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Masek, J. G.","contributorId":105883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masek","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"McCorkel, Joel","contributorId":192459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCorkel","given":"Joel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Shuai, Y.","contributorId":192460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shuai","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Trezza, R.","contributorId":192461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trezza","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Wynne, R.H.","contributorId":147844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wynne","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Zhu, Z.","contributorId":10898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34}]}} ,{"id":70191978,"text":"70191978 - 2014 - Book Review: Wilson, E. O. 2013. Letters to a young scientist","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T16:32:28","indexId":"70191978","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book Review: Wilson, E. O. 2013. Letters to a young scientist","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

Book info: Wilson E. O. 2013. Letters to a young scientist . Liveright Publishing Corporation, W. W. Norton and Company, New York, 244 pp. ISBN 978-0-87140-377-3.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1644/13-MAMM-R-294","usgsCitation":"Leslie, D., 2014, Book Review: Wilson, E. O. 2013. Letters to a young scientist: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 95, no. 2, p. 431-431, https://doi.org/10.1644/13-MAMM-R-294.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"431","ipdsId":"IP-052543","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347417,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2a8e4b0220bbd9d9fa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. cleslie@usgs.gov","contributorId":145497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":713805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70146188,"text":"70146188 - 2014 - Distinguishing seawater from geologic brine in saline coastal groundwater using radium-226; an example from the Sabkha of the UAE","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-14T10:33:05","indexId":"70146188","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinguishing seawater from geologic brine in saline coastal groundwater using radium-226; an example from the Sabkha of the UAE","docAbstract":"

Sabkhat (Salt flats) are common geographic features of low-lying marine coastal areas that develop under hyper-arid climatic conditions. They are characterized by the presence of highly concentrated saline solutions and evaporitic minerals, and have been cited in the geologic literature as present-day representations of hyper-arid regional paleohydrogeology, paleoclimatology, coastal processes, and sedimentation in the geologic record. It is therefore important that a correct understanding of the origin and development of these features be achieved. Knowledge of the source of solutes is an important first step in understanding these features. Historically, two theories have been advanced as to the main source of solutes in sabkha brines: an early concept entailing seawater as the obvious source, and a more recent and dynamic theory involving ascending geologic brine forced upward into the base of the sabkha by a regional hydraulic gradient in the underlying formations. Ra-226 could uniquely distinguish between these sources under certain circumstances, as it is typically present at elevated activity of hundreds to thousands of Bq/m3 (Becquerels per cubic meter) in subsurface formation brines; at exceedingly low activities in open ocean and coastal water; and not significantly supplied to water from recently formed marine sedimentary framework material. The coastal marine sabkha of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi was used to test this hypothesis. The distribution of Ra-226 in 70 samples of sabkha brine (mean: 700 Bq/m3), 7 samples of underlying deeper formation brine (mean: 3416 Bq/m3), the estimated value of seawater (< 16 Bq/m3) and an estimate of supply from sabkha sedimentary framework grains (<~6 Bq/m3) provide the first direct evidence that ascending geologic brine contributes significantly to the solutes of this sabkha system.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.01.018","usgsCitation":"Kraemer, T.F., Wood, W., and Sanford, W.E., 2014, Distinguishing seawater from geologic brine in saline coastal groundwater using radium-226; an example from the Sabkha of the UAE: Chemical Geology, v. 371, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.01.018.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053031","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/6606","text":"External Repository"},{"id":299646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United Arab Emirates","city":"Abu Dhabi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 51.7950439453125,\n 23.115101554603044\n ],\n [\n 51.7950439453125,\n 24.816653556469955\n ],\n [\n 55.26123046875,\n 24.816653556469955\n ],\n [\n 55.26123046875,\n 23.115101554603044\n ],\n [\n 51.7950439453125,\n 23.115101554603044\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"371","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"552e3a2de4b0b22a157fa0a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kraemer, Thomas F. tkraemer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraemer","given":"Thomas","email":"tkraemer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Warren W.","contributorId":47770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Warren W.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70194791,"text":"70194791 - 2014 - Stream capture to form Red Pass, northern Soda Mountains, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-18T11:05:49","indexId":"70194791","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Stream capture to form Red Pass, northern Soda Mountains, California","docAbstract":"

Red Pass, a narrow cut through the Soda Mountains important for prehistoric and early historic travelers, is quite young geologically. Its history of downcutting to capture streams west of the Soda Mountains, thereby draining much of eastern Fort Irwin, is told by the contrast in alluvial fan sediments on either side of the pass. Old alluvial fan deposits (>500 ka) were shed westward off an intact ridge of the Soda Mountains but by middle Pleistocene time, intermediate-age alluvial fan deposits (~100 ka) were laid down by streams flowing east through the pass into Silurian Valley. The pass was probably formed by stream capture driven by high levels of groundwater on the west side. This is evidenced by widespread wetland deposits west of the Soda Mountains. Sapping and spring discharge into Silurian Valley over millennia formed a low divide in the mountains that eventually was overtopped and incised by a stream. Lessons include the importance of groundwater levels for stream capture and the relatively youthful appearance of this ~100-200 ka feature in the slowly changing Mojave Desert landscape.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Not a drop left to drink","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"California State University Desert Studies Center 2014 Desert Symposium","language":"English","publisher":"California State University Fullerton Desert Studies Center","usgsCitation":"Miller, D., and Mahan, S.A., 2014, Stream capture to form Red Pass, northern Soda Mountains, California, in Not a drop left to drink, p. 208-217.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"208","endPage":"217","ipdsId":"IP-054656","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350066,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Soda Mountains","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6100b6e4b06e28e9c25403","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70194378,"text":"70194378 - 2014 - The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:55:31","indexId":"70194378","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity","docAbstract":"

This chapter reports the findings of a Working Group on how atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition affects both terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity. Regional and global scale impacts on biodiversity are addressed, together with potential indicators. Key conclusions are that: the rates of loss in biodiversity are greatest at the lowest and initial stages of N deposition increase; changes in species compositions are related to the relative amounts of N, carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) in the plant soil system; enhanced N inputs have implications for C cycling; N deposition is known to be having adverse effects on European and North American vegetation composition; very little is known about tropical ecosystem responses, while tropical ecosystems are major biodiversity hotspots and are increasingly recipients of very high N deposition rates; N deposition alters forest fungi and mycorrhyzal relations with plants; the rapid response of forest fungi and arthropods makes them good indicators of change; predictive tools (models) that address ecosystem scale processes are necessary to address complex drivers and responses, including the integration of N deposition, climate change and land use effects; criteria can be identified for projecting sensitivity of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to N deposition. Future research and policy-relevant recommendations are identified.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nitrogen deposition, critical loads and biodiversity","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-7939-6_49","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., Barber, M.C., Adams, M., Agboola, J.I., Allen, E.B., Bealey, W.J., Bobbink, R., Bobrovsky, M.V., Bowman, W., Branquinho, C., Bustamente, M.M., Clark, C., Cocking, E.C., Cruz, C., Davidson, E.A., Denmead, O.T., Dias, T., Dise, N.B., Feest, A., Galloway, J., Geiser, L.H., Gilliam, F.S., Harrison, I.J., Khanina, L.G., Lu, X., Manrique, E., Ochoa-Hueso, R., Ometto, J.P., Payne, R., Scheuschner, T., Sheppard, L.J., Simpson, G.L., Singh, Y.V., Stevens, C.J., Strachan, I., Sverdrup, H., Tokuchi, N., van Dobben, H., and Woodin, S., 2014, The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity, chap. of Nitrogen deposition, critical loads and biodiversity, p. 465-480, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7939-6_49.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"465","endPage":"480","ipdsId":"IP-021567","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-effects-of-atmospheric-nitrogen-deposition-on-terrestrial-and","text":"External Repository"},{"id":349372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6100b6e4b06e28e9c25405","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, Mary C.","contributorId":45590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Mark","contributorId":149284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6924,"text":"National Park Service, Upper Columbia Basin Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Agboola, Julius I.","contributorId":200853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agboola","given":"Julius","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, Edith B.","contributorId":139341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Edith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12741,"text":"U of CA Dept of Botany and Plant Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bealey, William J.","contributorId":200855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bealey","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bobbink, Roland","contributorId":146344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bobbink","given":"Roland","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16678,"text":"B-WARE Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bobrovsky, Maxim V.","contributorId":200856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bobrovsky","given":"Maxim","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bowman, William D.","contributorId":146345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowman","given":"William D.","affiliations":[{"id":6709,"text":"University of Colorado, Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Branquinho, Cristina","contributorId":200857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branquinho","given":"Cristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bustamente, Mercedes M. 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The structure at Mesa Verde National Park known historically as Mummy Lake and more recently as Far View Reservoir is not part of a water collection, impoundment, or redistribution system. We offer an alternative explanation for the function of Mummy Lake. We suggest that it is an unroofed ceremonial structure, and that it serves as an essential component of a Chacoan ritual landscape. A wide constructed avenue articulates Mummy Lake with Far View House and Pipe Shrine House. The avenue continues southward for approximately 6 km where it apparently divides connecting with Spruce Tree House and Sun Temple/Cliff Palace. The avenue has previously been interpreted as an irrigation ditch fed by water impounded at Mummy Lake; however, it conforms in every respect to alignments described as Chacoan roads. Tree-ring dates indicate that the construction of Spruce Tree House and Cliff Palace began about A.D. 1225, roughly coincident with the abandonment of the Far View community. This pattern of periodically relocating the focus of an Anasazi community by retiring existing ritual structures and linking them to newly constructed facilities by means of broad avenues was first documented by Fowler and Stein (1992) in Manuelito Canyon, New Mexico. Periods of intense drought appear to have contributed to the relocation of prehistoric Native Americans from the Far View group to Cliff Palace/Spruce Tree House in the mid-13th century and eventually to the abandonment of all Anasazi communities in southwestern Colorado in the late-13th century.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2014.01.021","usgsCitation":"Benson, L.V., Griffin, E.R., Stein, J., Friedman, R.A., and Andrae, S.W., 2014, Mummy Lake: An unroofed ceremonial structure within a large-scale ritual landscape: Journal of Archaeological Science, v. 44, p. 164-179, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2014.01.021.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"179","ipdsId":"IP-051411","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ac0e30e4b0ce4410e7d602","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Larry V. lbenson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Larry","email":"lbenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffin, Eleanor R. 0000-0001-6724-9853 egriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-9853","contributorId":1775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Eleanor","email":"egriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stein, J.R.","contributorId":60029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friedman, R. A.","contributorId":181875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friedman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrae, S. W.","contributorId":181876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrae","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}