{"pageNumber":"1398","pageRowStart":"34925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184733,"records":[{"id":70189199,"text":"70189199 - 2014 - Biochar application to hardrock mine tailings: Soil quality, microbial activity, and toxic element sorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:52:45","indexId":"70189199","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biochar application to hardrock mine tailings: Soil quality, microbial activity, and toxic element sorption","docAbstract":"<p><span>Waste rock piles from historic mining activities remain unvegetated as a result of metal toxicity and high acidity. Biochar has been proposed as a low-cost remediation strategy to increase soil pH and reduce leaching of toxic elements, and improve plant establishment. In this laboratory column study, biochar made from beetle-killed pine wood was assessed for utility as a soil amendment by mixing soil material from two mine sites collected near Silverton, Colorado, USA with four application rates of biochar (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% vol:vol). Columns were leached seven times over 65</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>days and leachate pH and concentration of toxic elements and base cations were measured at each leaching. Nutrient availability and soil physical and biological parameters were determined following the incubation period. We investigated the hypotheses that biochar incorporation into acidic mine materials will (1) reduce toxic element concentrations in leaching solution, (2) improve soil parameters (i.e. increase nutrient and water holding capacity and pH, and decrease compaction), and (3) increase microbial populations and activity. Biochar directly increased soil pH (from 3.33 to 3.63 and from 4.07 to 4.77 in the two materials) and organic matter content, and decreased bulk density and extractable salt content in both mine materials, and increased nitrate availability in one material. No changes in microbial population or activity were detected in either mine material upon biochar application. In leachate solution, biochar increased base cations from both materials and reduced the concentrations of Al, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in leachate solution from one material. However, in the material with greater toxic element content, biochar did not reduce concentrations of any measured dissolved toxic elements in leachate and resulted in a potentially detrimental release of Cd and Zn into solution at concentrations above that of the pure mine material. The length of time of effectiveness and specific sorption by biochar is variable by element and the toxic element concentration and acidity of the initial mine material.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.02.003","usgsCitation":"Kelly, C.N., Peltz, C.D., Stanton, M.R., Rutherford, D.W., and Rostad, C.E., 2014, Biochar application to hardrock mine tailings: Soil quality, microbial activity, and toxic element sorption: Applied Geochemistry, v. 43, p. 35-48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.02.003.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-045330","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595dfab7e4b0d1f9f056a7a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelly, Charlene N. cnkelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":4563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Charlene","email":"cnkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peltz, Christopher D.","contributorId":194216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peltz","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanton, Mark R. mstanton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Mark","email":"mstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rutherford, David W. dwruther@usgs.gov","contributorId":1325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutherford","given":"David","email":"dwruther@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rostad, Colleen E. cerostad@usgs.gov","contributorId":833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"Colleen","email":"cerostad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173611,"text":"70173611 - 2014 - Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in seasonal camouflage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:55:08","indexId":"70173611","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in seasonal camouflage","docAbstract":"<p><span>As duration of snow cover decreases owing to climate change, species undergoing seasonal colour moults can become colour mismatched with their background. The immediate adaptive solution to this mismatch is phenotypic plasticity, either in phenology of seasonal colour moults or in behaviours that reduce mismatch or its consequences. We observed nearly 200 snowshoe hares across a wide range of snow conditions and two study sites in Montana, USA, and found minimal plasticity in response to mismatch between coat colour and background. We found that moult phenology varied between study sites, likely due to differences in photoperiod and climate, but was largely fixed within study sites with only minimal plasticity to snow conditions during the spring white-to-brown moult. We also found no evidence that hares modify their behaviour in response to colour mismatch. Hiding and fleeing behaviours and resting spot preference of hares were more affected by variables related to season, site and concealment by vegetation, than by colour mismatch. We conclude that plasticity in moult phenology and behaviours in snowshoe hares is insufficient for adaptation to camouflage mismatch, suggesting that any future adaptation to climate change will require natural selection on moult phenology or behaviour.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2014.0029","usgsCitation":"Zimova, M., Mills, L.S., Lukacs, P.M., and Mitchell, M.S., 2014, Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in seasonal camouflage: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 281, no. 1782, Article 20140029; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0029.","productDescription":"Article 20140029; 9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053217","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0029","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323435,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"281","issue":"1782","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9336e4b04f417c275183","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimova, Marketa","contributorId":171704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimova","given":"Marketa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mills, L. Scott","contributorId":89431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lukacs, Paul M.","contributorId":101240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukacs","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70140689,"text":"70140689 - 2014 - Beta-thymosin gene polymorphism associated with freshwater invasiveness of alewife (<i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-10T13:04:43","indexId":"70140689","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2278,"text":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beta-thymosin gene polymorphism associated with freshwater invasiveness of alewife (<i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>Predicting the success of a species&rsquo; colonization into a novel environment is routinely considered to be predicated on niche-space similarity and vacancy, as well as propagule pressure. The role genomic variation plays in colonization success (and the interaction with environment) may be suggested, but has not rigorously been documented. To test an hypothesis that previously observed ecotype-specific polymorphisms between anadromous and landlocked alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) populations are an adaptive response to osmoregulatory challenges rather than a result of allele sampling at founding, we examined multiple anadromous and landlocked (colonized) populations for their allelic profiles at a conserved region (3&rsquo;-UTR end) of a &beta;-thymosin gene whose protein product plays a central role in the organization of cytoskeleton. The putatively ancestral &beta;-thymosin allele was prevalent in anadromous populations, whereas a newly derived allele was overrepresented in landlocked populations; a third allele was exclusive to the anadromous populations. We also conducted a complementary set of salinity exposure experiments to test osmoregulatory performance of the alewife ecotypes in contrasting saline environments. The pattern of variation and results from these challenges indicate a strong association of &beta;-thymosin with colonization success and a transition for species with an anadromous life-history to one with only a freshwater component.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jez.1854","usgsCitation":"Michalak, K., Czesny, S.J., Epifanio, J., Snyder, R.J., Schultz, E.T., Velotta, J.P., McCormick, S., Brown, B.L., Santopietro, G., and Michalak, P., 2014, Beta-thymosin gene polymorphism associated with freshwater invasiveness of alewife (<i>Alosa pseudoharengus</i>): Journal of Experimental Zoology, v. 321, no. 4, p. 233-240, https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1854.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"240","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053281","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1854","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"321","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b45e4b08de9379b32de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michalak, Katarzyna","contributorId":139196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Katarzyna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Czesny, Sergiusz J.","contributorId":138598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czesny","given":"Sergiusz","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12458,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Lake Michigan Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Epifanio, John","contributorId":139202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Epifanio","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snyder, Randal J.","contributorId":139203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"Randal","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schultz, Eric T.","contributorId":139206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Velotta, Jonathan P.","contributorId":86281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velotta","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":2197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen D.","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brown, Bonnie L.","contributorId":23083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Bonnie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Santopietro, Graciela","contributorId":139208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santopietro","given":"Graciela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Michalak, Pawel","contributorId":139209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Pawel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70182174,"text":"70182174 - 2014 - Mummy Lake: An unroofed ceremonial structure within a large-scale ritual landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-20T11:56:09","indexId":"70182174","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2182,"text":"Journal of Archaeological Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mummy Lake: An unroofed ceremonial structure within a large-scale ritual landscape","docAbstract":"<p><span>The structure at Mesa Verde National Park known historically as Mummy Lake and more recently as Far View Reservoir is not part of a water collection, impoundment, or redistribution system. We offer an alternative explanation for the function of Mummy Lake. We suggest that it is an unroofed ceremonial structure, and that it serves as an essential component of a Chacoan ritual landscape. A wide constructed avenue articulates Mummy Lake with Far View House and Pipe Shrine House. The avenue continues southward for approximately 6&nbsp;km where it apparently divides connecting with Spruce Tree House and Sun Temple/Cliff Palace. The avenue has previously been interpreted as an irrigation ditch fed by water impounded at Mummy Lake; however, it conforms in every respect to alignments described as Chacoan roads. Tree-ring dates indicate that the construction of Spruce Tree House and Cliff Palace began about A.D. 1225, roughly coincident with the abandonment of the Far View community. This pattern of periodically relocating the focus of an Anasazi community by retiring existing ritual structures and linking them to newly constructed facilities by means of broad avenues was first documented by Fowler and Stein (1992) in Manuelito Canyon, New Mexico. Periods of intense drought appear to have contributed to the relocation of prehistoric Native Americans from the Far View group to Cliff Palace/Spruce Tree House in the mid-13th century and eventually to the abandonment of all Anasazi communities in southwestern Colorado in the late-13th century.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2014.01.021","usgsCitation":"Benson, L.V., Griffin, E.R., Stein, J., Friedman, R.A., and Andrae, S.W., 2014, Mummy Lake: An unroofed ceremonial structure within a large-scale ritual landscape: Journal of Archaeological Science, v. 44, p. 164-179, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2014.01.021.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"179","ipdsId":"IP-051411","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ac0e30e4b0ce4410e7d602","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Larry V. lbenson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Larry","email":"lbenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffin, Eleanor R. 0000-0001-6724-9853 egriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6724-9853","contributorId":1775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Eleanor","email":"egriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stein, J.R.","contributorId":60029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friedman, R. A.","contributorId":181875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friedman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrae, S. W.","contributorId":181876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrae","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70194378,"text":"70194378 - 2014 - The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:55:31","indexId":"70194378","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter reports the findings of a Working Group on how atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition affects both terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity. Regional and global scale impacts on biodiversity are addressed, together with potential indicators. Key conclusions are that: the rates of loss in biodiversity are greatest at the lowest and initial stages of N deposition increase; changes in species compositions are related to the relative amounts of N, carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) in the plant soil system; enhanced N inputs have implications for C cycling; N deposition is known to be having adverse effects on European and North American vegetation composition; very little is known about tropical ecosystem responses, while tropical ecosystems are major biodiversity hotspots and are increasingly recipients of very high N deposition rates; N deposition alters forest fungi and mycorrhyzal relations with plants; the rapid response of forest fungi and arthropods makes them good indicators of change; predictive tools (models) that address ecosystem scale processes are necessary to address complex drivers and responses, including the integration of N deposition, climate change and land use effects; criteria can be identified for projecting sensitivity of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to N deposition. Future research and policy-relevant recommendations are identified.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nitrogen deposition, critical loads and biodiversity","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-7939-6_49","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., Barber, M.C., Adams, M., Agboola, J.I., Allen, E.B., Bealey, W.J., Bobbink, R., Bobrovsky, M.V., Bowman, W., Branquinho, C., Bustamente, M.M., Clark, C., Cocking, E.C., Cruz, C., Davidson, E.A., Denmead, O.T., Dias, T., Dise, N.B., Feest, A., Galloway, J., Geiser, L.H., Gilliam, F.S., Harrison, I.J., Khanina, L.G., Lu, X., Manrique, E., Ochoa-Hueso, R., Ometto, J.P., Payne, R., Scheuschner, T., Sheppard, L.J., Simpson, G.L., Singh, Y.V., Stevens, C.J., Strachan, I., Sverdrup, H., Tokuchi, N., van Dobben, H., and Woodin, S., 2014, The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity, chap. <i>of</i> Nitrogen deposition, critical loads and biodiversity, p. 465-480, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7939-6_49.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"465","endPage":"480","ipdsId":"IP-021567","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/the-effects-of-atmospheric-nitrogen-deposition-on-terrestrial-and","text":"External Repository"},{"id":349372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6100b6e4b06e28e9c25405","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, Mary C.","contributorId":45590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Mark","contributorId":149284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6924,"text":"National Park Service, Upper Columbia Basin Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Agboola, Julius I.","contributorId":200853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agboola","given":"Julius","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, Edith B.","contributorId":139341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Edith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12741,"text":"U of CA Dept of Botany and Plant Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bealey, William J.","contributorId":200855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bealey","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bobbink, Roland","contributorId":146344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bobbink","given":"Roland","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16678,"text":"B-WARE Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bobrovsky, Maxim V.","contributorId":200856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bobrovsky","given":"Maxim","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bowman, William D.","contributorId":146345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowman","given":"William D.","affiliations":[{"id":6709,"text":"University of Colorado, Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Branquinho, Cristina","contributorId":200857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branquinho","given":"Cristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bustamente, Mercedes M. 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,{"id":70095143,"text":"ofr20141041 - 2014 - Measurements of slope currents and internal tides on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-31T15:11:50","indexId":"ofr20141041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-31T15:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1041","title":"Measurements of slope currents and internal tides on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California","docAbstract":"An array of seven moorings housing current meters and oceanographic sensors was deployed for 6 months at 5 sites on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California, from July 2011 to January 2012. Full water-column profiles of currents were acquired at all five sites, and a profile of water-column temperature was also acquired at two of the five sites for the duration of the deployment. In conjunction with this deployment, the Orange County Sanitation District deployed four bottom platforms with current meters on the San Pedro Shelf, and these meters provided water-column profiles of currents. The data from this program will provide the basis for an investigation of the interaction between the deep water flow over the slope and the internal tide on the Continental Shelf.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141041","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Rosenberger, K.J., Noble, M.A., and Norris, B., 2014, Measurements of slope currents and internal tides on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1041, vi, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141041.","productDescription":"vi, 65 p.","numberOfPages":"73","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046072","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285157,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141041.jpg"},{"id":285155,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1041/"},{"id":285156,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1041/pdf/ofr2014-1041.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Newport Beach","otherGeospatial":"Continental Shelf;Orange County Sanitation District;San Pedro Shelf","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.0,33.5 ], [ -118.0,33.633333 ], [ -117.8,33.633333 ], [ -117.8,33.5 ], [ -118.0,33.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517054e4b05569d805a31b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberger, Kurt J. krosenberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":2575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Kurt","email":"krosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noble, Marlene A. mnoble@usgs.gov","contributorId":1429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Marlene","email":"mnoble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Norris, Benjamin","contributorId":65001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70100060,"text":"70100060 - 2014 - Response and recovery lessons from the 2010-2011 earthquake sequence in Canterbury, New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-07T12:53:04","indexId":"70100060","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-31T12:46:56","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Response and recovery lessons from the 2010-2011 earthquake sequence in Canterbury, New Zealand","docAbstract":"<p>The impacts and opportunities that result when low-probability moderate earthquakes strike an urban area similar to many throughout the US were vividly conveyed in a one-day workshop in which social and Earth scientists, public officials, engineers, and an emergency manager shared their experiences of the earthquake sequence that struck the city of Christchurch and surrounding Canterbury region of New Zealand in 2010-2011.  Without question, the earthquake sequence has had unprecedented impacts in all spheres on New Zealand society, locally to nationally--10% of the country's population was directly impacted and losses total 8-10% of their GDP.  The following paragraphs present a few lessons from Christchurch.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Christchurch Earthquakes Workshop","conferenceTitle":"Christchurch Earthquakes Workshop","conferenceDate":"2013-02-12T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Seattle, WA","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Pierepiekarz, M., Johnston, D., Berryman, K., Hare, J., Gomberg, J.S., Williams, R., and Weaver, C.S., 2014, Response and recovery lessons from the 2010-2011 earthquake sequence in Canterbury, New Zealand, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-055745","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"Canterbury","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 169.852,-44.9403 ], [ 169.852,-41.9074 ], [ 174.0957,-41.9074 ], [ 174.0957,-44.9403 ], [ 169.852,-44.9403 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bbc181e4b084059e8bfef6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierepiekarz, Mark","contributorId":84665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierepiekarz","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, David","contributorId":15935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berryman, Kelvin","contributorId":87068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berryman","given":"Kelvin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hare, John","contributorId":73109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gomberg, Joan S. 0000-0002-0134-2606 gomberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-2606","contributorId":1269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","email":"gomberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Williams, Robert A. rawilliams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Robert A.","email":"rawilliams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Weaver, Craig S. craig@usgs.gov","contributorId":2690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Craig","email":"craig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70100067,"text":"70100067 - 2014 - Recolonization of the intertidal and shallow subtidal community following the 2008 eruption of Alaska’s Kasatochi Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-31T10:30:39","indexId":"70100067","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-31T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1012,"text":"Biogeosciences Discussions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recolonization of the intertidal and shallow subtidal community following the 2008 eruption of Alaska’s Kasatochi Volcano","docAbstract":"The intertidal and nearshore benthic communities of Kasatochi Island are described following a catastrophic volcanic eruption in 2008. Prior to the eruption, the island was surrounded by a dense bed of canopy-forming dragon kelp Eualaria fistulosa which supported a productive nearshore community. The eruption extended the coastline of the island approximately 400 m offshore to roughly the 20 m isobath. One year following the eruption a reconnaissance survey found the intertidal zone devoid of life. Subtidally, the canopy kelp, as well as limited understory algal species and associated benthic fauna on the hard substratum, were buried by debris from the eruption. The resulting substrate was comprised almost entirely of medium and coarse sands with a depauperate benthic community. Comparisons of habitat and biological communities with other nearby Aleutian Islands and the Icelandic submarine volcanic eruption of Surtsey confirm dramatic reductions in flora and fauna consistent with the initial stages of recovery from a large-scale disturbance event. Four and five years following the eruption brief visits revealed dramatic intertidal and subtidal recolonization of the flora and fauna in some areas. Signs of nesting and fledging of young pigeon guillemots Cepphus columba suggest that the recovery of the nearshore biota may have begun affecting higher trophic levels. Recolonization or lack thereof was tied to bathymetric changes from coastal and nearshore erosion over the study period.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeosciences Discussions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/bgd-11-3799-2014","usgsCitation":"Jewett, S., and Drew, G.S., 2014, Recolonization of the intertidal and shallow subtidal community following the 2008 eruption of Alaska’s Kasatochi Volcano: Biogeosciences Discussions, v. 11, p. 3799-3836, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-3799-2014.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"3799","endPage":"3836","ipdsId":"IP-049719","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-3799-2014","text":"External Repository"},{"id":285131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285130,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-3799-2014"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -175.636059,52.122228 ], [ -175.636059,52.231705 ], [ -175.379941,52.231705 ], [ -175.379941,52.122228 ], [ -175.636059,52.122228 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351705ee4b05569d805a389","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jewett, S.C.","contributorId":73947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewett","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, Gary S. 0000-0002-6789-0891 gdrew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-0891","contributorId":3311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"Gary","email":"gdrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70074725,"text":"70074725 - 2014 - Foreword: function, classification and management of Asian wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-31T10:46:02","indexId":"70074725","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-31T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foreword: function, classification and management of Asian wetlands","docAbstract":"Asian wetland conservation is critical for future environmental protection in the region, but these wetlands are understudied. In particular, there is a lack of research studies published in English due to the limited access of Asian researchers to western scientific journals. This special feature of Wetlands showcases primary research conducted in Asian wetlands and was sponsored by various agencies of the U.S. and Chinese governments including the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of State, and The State Forestry Administration of the People’s Republic of China. The featured articles should be of great value to wetland scientists, managers and policy-makers with an interest in the conservation of Asian wetlands.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-014-0519-0","usgsCitation":"Turnipseed, D.P., and Middleton, B.A., 2014, Foreword: function, classification and management of Asian wetlands: Wetlands, v. 34, no. 2, p. 211-212, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-014-0519-0.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"212","numberOfPages":"2","ipdsId":"IP-053913","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285133,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285132,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-014-0519-0"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351703de4b05569d805a20a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turnipseed, D. Phil 0000-0002-9737-3203 pturnip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-3203","contributorId":298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnipseed","given":"D.","email":"pturnip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Phil","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70098165,"text":"70098165 - 2014 - Effects of a flooding event on a threatened black bear population in Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-10T15:38:26","indexId":"70098165","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-31T09:36:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of a flooding event on a threatened black bear population in Louisiana","docAbstract":"The Louisiana black bear, Ursus americanus luteolus, is listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act as a result of habitat loss and human-related mortality. Information on population-level responses of large mammals to flooding events is scarce, and we had a unique opportunity to evaluate the viability of the Upper Atchafalaya River Basin (UARB) black bear population before and after a significant flooding event. We began collecting black bear hair samples in 2007 for a DNA mark-recapture study to estimate abundance (N) and apparent survival (φ). In 2011, the Morganza Spillway was opened to divert floodwaters from the Mississippi River through the UARB, inundating > 50% of our study area, potentially impacting recovery of this important bear population. To evaluate the effects of this flooding event on bear population dynamics, we used a robust design multistate model to estimate changes in transition rates from the flooded area to non-flooded area (ψ<sup>F</sup>→<sup>NF</sup>) before (2007–2010), during (2010–2011) and after (2011–2012) the flood. Average N across all years of study was 63.2 (<sub>SE</sub> = 5.2), excluding the year of the flooding event. Estimates of ψ<sup>F</sup>→<sup>NF</sup> increased from 0.014 (<sub>SE</sub> = 0.010; meaning that 1.4% of the bears moved from the flooded area to non-flooded areas) before flooding to 0.113 (<sub>SE</sub> = 0.045) during the flood year, and then decreased to 0.028 (<sub>SE</sub>= 0.035) after the flood. Although we demonstrated a flood effect on transition rates as hypothesized, the effect was small (88.7% of the bears remained in the flooded area during flooding) and φ was unchanged, suggesting that the 2011 flooding event had minimal impact on survival and site fidelity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/acv.12114","usgsCitation":"O'Connell-Goode, K., Lowe, C., and Clark, J.D., 2014, Effects of a flooding event on a threatened black bear population in Louisiana: Animal Conservation, v. 17, no. 5, p. 476-485, https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12114.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"476","endPage":"485","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-055463","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285123,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":285122,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12114"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Upper Atchafalaya River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.0496,30.4556 ], [ -92.0496,30.9527 ], [ -91.3634,30.9527 ], [ -91.3634,30.4556 ], [ -92.0496,30.4556 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"17","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517036e4b05569d805a1e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Connell-Goode, Kaitlin C.","contributorId":82614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connell-Goode","given":"Kaitlin C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, Carrie L.","contributorId":71884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"Carrie L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Joseph D. 0000-0002-8547-8112 jclark1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-8112","contributorId":2265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Joseph","email":"jclark1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70099975,"text":"70099975 - 2014 - Using auxiliary information to improve wildlife disease surveillance when infected animals are not detected: A Bayesian approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-19T13:17:50.534419","indexId":"70099975","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-31T09:25:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using auxiliary information to improve wildlife disease surveillance when infected animals are not detected: A Bayesian approach","docAbstract":"There are numerous situations in which it is important to determine whether a particular disease of interest is present in a free-ranging wildlife population. However adequate disease surveillance can be labor-intensive and expensive and thus there is substantial motivation to conduct it as efficiently as possible. Surveillance is often based on the assumption of a simple random sample, but this can almost always be improved upon if there is auxiliary information available about disease risk factors. We present a Bayesian approach to disease surveillance when auxiliary risk information is available which will usually allow for substantial improvements over simple random sampling. Others have employed risk weights in surveillance, but this can result in overly optimistic statements regarding freedom from disease due to not accounting for the uncertainty in the auxiliary information; our approach remedies this. We compare our Bayesian approach to a published example of risk weights applied to chronic wasting disease in deer in Colorado, and we also present calculations to examine when uncertainty in the auxiliary information has a serious impact on the risk weights approach. Our approach allows “apples-to-apples” comparisons of surveillance efficiencies between units where heterogeneous samples were collected","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0089843","usgsCitation":"Heisey, D.M., Jennelle, C., Russell, R.E., and Walsh, D.P., 2014, Using auxiliary information to improve wildlife disease surveillance when infected animals are not detected: A Bayesian approach: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 3, e89843, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089843.","productDescription":"e89843, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-053465","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473086,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089843","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":285127,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706ce4b05569d805a430","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heisey, Dennis M. dheisey@usgs.gov","contributorId":2455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisey","given":"Dennis","email":"dheisey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennelle, Christopher S.","contributorId":50823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennelle","given":"Christopher S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Russell, Robin E. 0000-0001-8726-7303 rerussell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-7303","contributorId":3998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Robin","email":"rerussell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walsh, Daniel P. 0000-0002-7772-2445 dwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-2445","contributorId":4758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Daniel","email":"dwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70095612,"text":"70095612 - 2014 - Uplift and subsidence reveal a nonpersistent megathrust rupture boundary (Sitkinak Island, Alaska)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T11:47:24","indexId":"70095612","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-31T09:20:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uplift and subsidence reveal a nonpersistent megathrust rupture boundary (Sitkinak Island, Alaska)","docAbstract":"We report stratigraphic evidence of land-level change and tsunami inundation along the Alaska-Aleutian megathrust during prehistoric and historical earthquakes west of Kodiak Island. On Sitkinak Island, cores and tidal outcrops fringing a lagoon reveal five sharp lithologic contacts that record coseismic land-level change. Radiocarbon dates, <sup>137</sup>Cs profiles, CT scans, and microfossil assemblages are consistent with rapid uplift ca. 290-0, 520-300, and 1050-790 cal yr BP, and subsidence in AD 1964 and ca. 640-510 cal yr BP.  Radiocarbon, <sup>137</sup>Cs, and <sup>210</sup>Pb ages bracketing a sand bed traced 1.5 km inland and evidence for sudden uplift are consistent with Russian accounts of an earthquake and tsunami in AD 1788. The mixed uplift and subsidence record suggests that Sitkinak Island sits above a non-persistent boundary near the southwestern limit of the AD 1964 Mw 9.2 megathrust rupture.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2014GL059380","usgsCitation":"Briggs, R., Engelhart, S.E., Nelson, A.R., Dura, T., Kemp, A., Haeussler, P.J., Corbett, D., Angster, S.J., and Bradley, L., 2014, Uplift and subsidence reveal a nonpersistent megathrust rupture boundary (Sitkinak Island, Alaska): Geophysical Research Letters, v. 41, no. 7, p. 2289-2296, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL059380.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2289","endPage":"2296","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-055284","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/geo_facpubs/6","text":"External Repository"},{"id":285120,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL059380"},{"id":285121,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Sitkinak Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -154.3109,56.2112 ], [ -154.3109,56.8512 ], [ -153.6709,56.8512 ], [ -153.6709,56.2112 ], [ -154.3109,56.2112 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706ce4b05569d805a42e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Richard W.","contributorId":94027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":491328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dura, Tina","contributorId":48482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dura","given":"Tina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kemp, Andrew C.","contributorId":39674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemp","given":"Andrew C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Corbett, D. Reide","contributorId":23681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corbett","given":"D. Reide","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Angster, Stephen J. 0000-0001-9250-8415 sangster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9250-8415","contributorId":3885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angster","given":"Stephen","email":"sangster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":491324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bradley, Lee-Ann bradley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Lee-Ann","email":"bradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70188869,"text":"70188869 - 2014 - Structural controls on geothermal circulation in Surprise Valley, California: A re-evaluation of the Lake City fault zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T10:09:51","indexId":"70188869","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural controls on geothermal circulation in Surprise Valley, California: A re-evaluation of the Lake City fault zone","docAbstract":"<p><span>Faults and fractures play an important role in the circulation of geothermal fluids in the crust, and the nature of that role varies according to structural setting and state of stress. As a result, detailed geologic and geophysical mapping that relates thermal springs to known structural features is essential to modeling geothermal systems. Published maps of Surprise Valley in northeastern California suggest that the “Lake City fault” or “Lake City fault zone” is a significant structural feature, cutting obliquely across the basin and connecting thermal springs across the valley. Newly acquired geophysical data (audio-magnetotelluric, gravity, and magnetic), combined with existing geochemical and geological data, suggest otherwise. We examine potential field profiles and resistivity models that cross the mapped Lake City fault zone. While there are numerous geophysical anomalies that suggest subsurface structures, they mostly do not coincide with the mapped traces of the Lake City fault zone, nor do they show a consistent signature in gravity, magnetics, or resistivities that would suggest a through-going fault that would promote connectivity through lateral fluid flow. Instead of a single, continuous fault, we propose the presence of a deformation zone associated with the growth of the range-front Surprise Valley fault. The implication for geothermal circulation is that this is a zone of enhanced porosity but lacks length-wise connectivity that could conduct fluids across the valley. Thermal fluid circulation is most likely controlled primarily by interactions between N-S–trending normal faults.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B30785.1","usgsCitation":"Anne E. Egger, Glen, J.M., and McPhee, D., 2014, Structural controls on geothermal circulation in Surprise Valley, California: A re-evaluation of the Lake City fault zone: GSA Bulletin, v. 126, no. 3-4, p. 523-531, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30785.1.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"523","endPage":"531","ipdsId":"IP-046413","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California ","otherGeospatial":"Goose Lake, Surprise Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.62713623046872,\n              42.167475010395364\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.64086914062497,\n              41.2778064673818\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.64086914062497,\n              41.09384217129617\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.04211425781249,\n              41.10212132036489\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.88006591796872,\n              41.106260503564485\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89105224609372,\n              41.97786911170169\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.88006591796874,\n              42.15118709351198\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.62713623046872,\n              42.167475010395364\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"126","issue":"3-4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536eaee4b062508e3c7aab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anne E. Egger","contributorId":193540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anne E. Egger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M.G. 0000-0002-3502-3355 jglen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3502-3355","contributorId":176530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"Jonathan","email":"jglen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.G.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McPhee, Darcy 0000-0002-5177-3068 dmcphee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5177-3068","contributorId":2621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"Darcy","email":"dmcphee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":412,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70174293,"text":"70174293 - 2014 - The global aftershock zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-07T12:11:05","indexId":"70174293","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The global aftershock zone","docAbstract":"<p>The aftershock zone of each large (M &ge; 7) earthquake extends throughout the shallows of planet Earth. Most aftershocks cluster near the mainshock rupture, but earthquakes send out shivers in the form of seismic waves, and these temporary distortions are large enough to trigger other earthquakes at global range. The aftershocks that happen at great distance from their mainshock are often superposed onto already seismically active regions, making them difficult to detect and understand. From a hazard perspective we are concerned that this dynamic process might encourage other high magnitude earthquakes, and wonder if a global alarm state is warranted after every large mainshock. From an earthquake process perspective we are curious about the physics of earthquake triggering across the magnitude spectrum. In this review we build upon past studies that examined the combined global response to mainshocks. Such compilations demonstrate significant rate increases during, and immediately after (~ 45 min) M &gt; 7.0 mainshocks in all tectonic settings and ranges. However, it is difficult to find strong evidence for M &gt; 5 rate increases during the passage of surface waves in combined global catalogs. On the other hand, recently published studies of individual large mainshocks associate M &gt; 5 triggering at global range that is delayed by hours to days after surface wave arrivals. The longer the delay between mainshock and global aftershock, the more difficult it is to establish causation. To address these questions, we review the response to 260 M &ge; 7.0 shallow (Z &le; 50 km) mainshocks in 21 global regions with local seismograph networks. In this way we can examine the detailed temporal and spatial response, or lack thereof, during passing seismic waves, and over the 24 h period after their passing. We see an array of responses that can involve immediate and widespread seismicity outbreaks, delayed and localized earthquake clusters, to no response at all. About 50% of the catalogs that we studied showed possible (localized delayed) remote triggering, and ~ 20% showed probable (instantaneous broadly distributed) remote triggering. However, in any given region, at most only about 2&ndash;3% of global mainshocks caused significant local earthquake rate increases. These rate increases are mostly composed of small magnitude events, and we do not find significant evidence of dynamically triggered M &gt; 5 earthquakes. If we assume that the few observed M &gt; 5 events are triggered, we find that they are not directly associated with surface wave passage, with first incidences being 9&ndash;10 h later. We note that mainshock magnitude, relative proximity, amplitude spectra, peak ground motion, and mainshock focal mechanisms are not reliable determining factors as to whether a mainshock will cause remote triggering. By elimination, azimuth, and polarization of surface waves with respect to receiver faults may be more important factors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2014.01.038","usgsCitation":"Parsons, T.E., Margaret Segou, and Marzocchi, W., 2014, The global aftershock zone: Tectonophysics, v. 618, p. 1-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2014.01.038.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"34","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051941","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2014.01.038","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324816,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324807,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2014.01.038"}],"volume":"618","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577f7d33e4b0ef4d2f45fad1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Margaret Segou","contributorId":172719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Margaret Segou","affiliations":[{"id":13572,"text":"Geoscience Azur","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marzocchi, Warner","contributorId":172720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marzocchi","given":"Warner","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27090,"text":"INGV, Rome","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048954,"text":"ds803 - 2014 - Groundwater-quality data in the Klamath Mountains study unit, 2010: results from the California GAMA Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-28T15:39:06","indexId":"ds803","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-28T15:19:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"803","title":"Groundwater-quality data in the Klamath Mountains study unit, 2010: results from the California GAMA Program","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater quality in the 8,806-square-mile Klamath Mountains (KLAM) study unit was investigated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from October to December 2010, as part of the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program’s Priority Basin Project (PBP). The GAMA-PBP was developed in response to the California Groundwater Quality Monitoring Act of 2001 and is being conducted in collaboration with the SWRCB and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The KLAM study unit was the thirty-third study unit to be sampled as part of the GAMA-PBP.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>The GAMA Klamath Mountains study was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of untreated-groundwater quality in the primary aquifer system and to facilitate statistically consistent comparisons of untreated-groundwater quality throughout California. The primary aquifer system is defined by the perforation intervals of wells listed in the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database for the KLAM study unit. Groundwater quality in the primary aquifer system may differ from the quality in the shallower or deeper water-bearing zones; shallower groundwater may be more vulnerable to surficial contamination.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>In the KLAM study unit, groundwater samples were collected from sites in Del Norte, Siskiyou, Humboldt, Trinity, Tehama, and Shasta Counties, California. Of the 39 sites sampled, 38 were selected by using a spatially distributed, randomized grid-based method to provide statistical representation of the primary aquifer system in the study unit (grid sites), and the remaining site was non-randomized (understanding site).</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>The groundwater samples were analyzed for basic field parameters, organic constituents (volatile organic compounds [VOCs] and pesticides and pesticide degradates), inorganic constituents (trace elements, nutrients, major and minor ions, total dissolved solids [TDS]), radon-222, gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity, and microbial indicators (total coliform and Escherichia coli [E. coli]). Isotopic tracers (stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in water, isotopic ratios of dissolved strontium in water, and stable isotopes of carbon in dissolved inorganic carbon), dissolved noble gases, and age-dating tracers (tritium and carbon-14) were measured to help identify sources and ages of sampled groundwater.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>Quality-control samples (field blanks, replicate sample pairs, and matrix spikes) were collected at 13 percent of the sites in the KLAM study unit, and the results were used to evaluate the quality of the data from the groundwater samples. Field blank samples rarely contained detectable concentrations of any constituent, indicating that contamination from sample collection or analysis was not a significant source of bias in the data for the groundwater samples. More than 99 percent of the replicate pair samples were within acceptable limits of variability. Matrix-spike sample recoveries were within the acceptable range (70 to 130 percent) for approximately 91 percent of the compounds.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>This study did not evaluate the quality of water delivered to consumers. After withdrawal, groundwater typically is treated, disinfected, and (or) blended with other waters to maintain water quality. Regulatory benchmarks apply to water that is delivered to the consumer, not to untreated groundwater. However, to provide some context for the results, concentrations of constituents measured in the untreated groundwater were compared with regulatory and non-regulatory health-based benchmarks established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and CDPH, and to non-health-based benchmarks established for aesthetic concerns by the CDPH. Comparisons between data collected for this study and benchmarks for drinking water are for illustrative purposes only and are not indicative of compliance or non-compliance with those benchmarks.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>All concentrations of organic constituents from grid sites sampled in the KLAM study unit were less than health-based benchmarks. In total, VOCs were detected in 16 of the 38 grid sites sampled (approximately 42 percent), pesticides and pesticide degradates were detected in 8 grid sites (about 21 percent), and microbial indicators were detected in 14 grid sites (approximately 37 percent).</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>Inorganic constituents (trace elements, major and minor ions, nutrients, and uranium and other radioactive constituents) and microbial indicators were sampled for at 38 grid sites, and all concentrations were less than health-based benchmarks, with the exception of one detection of boron greater than the CDPH notification level of 1,000 micrograms per liter (μg/L). Generally, concentrations of inorganic constituents with non-health-based benchmarks (iron, manganese, chloride, and TDS) were less than the CDPH secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL-CA). Exceptions include three detections of iron greater than the SMCL-CA of 300 μg/L, four detections of manganese greater than the SMCL-CA of 50 μg/L, one detection of chloride greater than the recommended SMCL-CA of 250 μg/L, and one detection of TDS greater than the recommended SMCL-CA of 500 μg/L.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds803","collaboration":"A product of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program; Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Mathany, T., and Belitz, K., 2014, Groundwater-quality data in the Klamath Mountains study unit, 2010: results from the California GAMA Program: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 803, x, 82 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds803.","productDescription":"x, 82 p.","numberOfPages":"96","ipdsId":"IP-036089","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285119,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds803.jpg"},{"id":285117,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/803/"},{"id":285118,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/803/pdf/ds803.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic Projection","country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.01611111111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517044e4b05569d805a245","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mathany, Timothy M. 0000-0002-4747-5113","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4747-5113","contributorId":99949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathany","given":"Timothy M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70099991,"text":"sir20145036 - 2014 - Simulation of zones of contribution to wells at site GM–38, Naval Weapons Industrial Reserve Plant, Bethpage, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-28T14:36:01","indexId":"sir20145036","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-28T14:23:03","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5036","title":"Simulation of zones of contribution to wells at site GM–38, Naval Weapons Industrial Reserve Plant, Bethpage, New York","docAbstract":"<p>A three-dimensional groundwater-flow model is coupled with the particle-tracking program MODPATH to delineate zones of contribution to wells pumping from the Magothy aquifer and supplying water to a chlorinated volatile organic compound removal plant at site GM–38, Naval Weapons Industrial Reserve Plant, Bethpage, New York. By use of driller’s logs, a transitional probability approach generated three alternative realizations of heterogeneity within the Magothy aquifer to assess uncertainty in model representation. Finer-grained sediments with low hydraulic conductivity were realized as laterally discontinuous, thickening towards the south, and comprising about 17 percent of the total aquifer volume.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>Particle-tracking evaluations of a steady state present conditions model with alternative heterogeneity realizations were used to develop zones of contribution of remedial pumping wells. Because of heterogeneity and high rates of advection within the coarse-grained sediments, transport by dispersion and (or) diffusion was assumed to be negligible. Resulting zones of contribution of existing remedial wells are complex shapes, influenced by heterogeneity of each realization and other nearby hydrologic stresses. The use of two particle tracking techniques helped identify zones of contribution to wells. Backtracking techniques and observations of points of intersection of backward-tracked particles at shells of the GM–38 Hot Spot, as defined by surfaces of equal total volatile organic compound concentration, identified the source of water within the GM–38 Hot Spot to simulated wells. Forward-tracking techniques identified the fate of water within the GM–38 Hot Spot, including well capture and discharge to model constant head and drain boundaries. The percentage of backward-tracked particles, started at GM–38 wells that were sourced from within the Hot Spot, varied from 72.0 to 98.2, depending on the Hot Spot delineation used (present steady state model and Magothy aquifer heterogeneity realization A). The percentage of forward-tracked particles that were captured by GM–38 wells varied from 81.1 to 94.6, depending on the Hot Spot delineation used, with the remainder primarily captured by Bethpage Water District Plant 4 production wells (present steady state model and Magothy aquifer heterogeneity realization A). Less than 1 percent of forward-tracked particles ultimately discharge at model constant head and drain boundaries. The differences between forward- and backward-tracked particle percentage ranges are due to some forward-tracked particles not being captured by GM–38 wells, and some backward-tracked particles not intersecting specific regions of the Hot Spot.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>During 2013, an aquifer test generated detailed time series of well pumping rates and corresponding water-level responses were recorded at numerous locations. These data were used to verify the present conditions steady state model and demonstrate the sensitivity of model results to transient-state changes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145036","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Naval Facilities Engineering Command","usgsCitation":"Misut, P., 2014, Simulation of zones of contribution to wells at site GM–38, Naval Weapons Industrial Reserve Plant, Bethpage, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5036, vii, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145036.","productDescription":"vii, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"70","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053917","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285106,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5036/pdf/sir2014-5036.pdf"},{"id":285107,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145036.jpg"},{"id":285104,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5036/"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Bethpage","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.506,40.731 ], [ -73.506,40.769 ], [ -73.464,40.769 ], [ -73.464,40.731 ], [ -73.506,40.731 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517063e4b05569d805a3b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Misut, Paul","contributorId":93822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Misut","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70095234,"text":"ofr20131020 - 2014 - High-resolution geophysical data collected aboard the U.S. Geological Survey research vessel Rafael to supplement existing datasets from Buzzards Bay and Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-28T13:46:51","indexId":"ofr20131020","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-28T13:34:34","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1020","title":"High-resolution geophysical data collected aboard the U.S. Geological Survey research vessel Rafael to supplement existing datasets from Buzzards Bay and Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Geophysical and geospatial data were collected in Buzzards Bay, in the shallow-water areas of Vineyard Sound, and in the nearshore areas off the eastern Elizabeth Islands and northern coast of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, on the U.S. Geological Survey research vessel Rafael between 2007 and 2011, in a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management. This report describes results of this collaborative effort, which include mapping the geology of the inner shelf zone of the Elizabeth Islands and the sand shoals of Vineyard Sound and studying geologic processes that contribute to the evolution of this area. Data collected during these surveys include: bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, seismic-reflection profiles, sound velocity profiles, and navigation. The long-term goals of this project are (1) to provide high-resolution geophysical data that will support research on the influence of sea-level change and sediment supply on coastal evolution and (2) to inventory subtidal marine habitats and their distribution within the coastal zone of Massachusetts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131020","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management","usgsCitation":"Pendleton, E., Andrews, B., Danforth, W.W., and Foster, D.S., 2014, High-resolution geophysical data collected aboard the U.S. Geological Survey research vessel Rafael to supplement existing datasets from Buzzards Bay and Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1020, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131020.","productDescription":"HTML 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foster, David S. 0000-0003-1205-0884 dfoster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-0884","contributorId":1320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"David","email":"dfoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70094158,"text":"ofr20141004 - 2014 - Coalbed natural gas exploration, drilling activities, and geologic test results, 2007-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-01T08:17:23","indexId":"ofr20141004","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-28T11:55:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1004","title":"Coalbed natural gas exploration, drilling activities, and geologic test results, 2007-2010","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in partnership with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, the North Slope Borough, and the Arctic Slope Regional Corporation conducted a four-year study designed to identify, define, and delineate a shallow coalbed natural gas (CBNG) resource with the potential to provide locally produced, affordable power to the community of Wainwright, Alaska. From 2007 through 2010, drilling and testing activities conducted at three sites in or near Wainwright, identified and evaluated an approximately 7.5-ft-thick, laterally continuous coalbed that contained significant quantities of CBNG. This coalbed, subsequently named the Wainwright coalbed, was penetrated at depths ranging from 1,167 ft to 1,300 ft below land surface. Core samples were collected from the Wainwright coalbed at all three drill locations and desorbed-gas measurements were taken from seventeen 1-ft-thick sections of the core. These measurements indicate that the Wainwright coalbed contains enough CBNG to serve as a long-term energy supply for the community.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>Although attempts to produce viable quantities of CBNG from the Wainwright coalbed proved unsuccessful, it seems likely that with proper well-field design and by utilizing currently available drilling and reservoir stimulation techniques, this CBNG resource could be developed as a long-term economically viable energy source for Wainwright.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141004","usgsCitation":"Clark, A.C., 2014, Coalbed natural gas exploration, drilling activities, and geologic test results, 2007-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1004, Report: vi, 65 p.; Plate 1: 63 p.; Plate 2: 29.34 x 47.42 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141004.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 65 p.; Plate 1: 63 p.; Plate 2: 29.34 x 47.42 inches","numberOfPages":"71","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050928","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285098,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141004.jpg"},{"id":285095,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1004/pdf/of2014-1004.pdf"},{"id":285096,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1004/downloads/of2014-1004_plate1.pdf"},{"id":285097,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1004/downloads/of2014-1004_plate2.pdf"},{"id":285094,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1004/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Wainwright","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -160.106,70.611 ], [ -160.106,70.685 ], [ -159.809,70.685 ], [ -159.809,70.611 ], [ -160.106,70.611 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351702ee4b05569d805a19a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Arthur C. aclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","email":"aclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":490486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70114975,"text":"70114975 - 2014 - Book review: Three great tsunamis: Lisbon (1755), Sumatra-Andaman (2004), and Japan (2011)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-11T10:34:53","indexId":"70114975","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-28T11:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Three great tsunamis: Lisbon (1755), Sumatra-Andaman (2004), and Japan (2011)","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">&ldquo;Three Great Tsunamis: Lisbon (1755), Sumatra&ndash;Andaman (2004), and Japan (2011)&rdquo; is published in Springer&rsquo;s new series SpringerBriefs. According to Springer&rsquo;s website, the SpringBriefs volumes are intended to provide &ldquo;concise summaries of cutting-edge research and practical applications across a wide spectrum of fields&rdquo;. Among the several categories considered for SpringerBriefs are in-depth case studies, for which this volume is most closely aligned.</p>\n<p class=\"Para\">This 89-page volume comprises six chapters. Chapter 1 describes the fundamentals of tsunamis at a basic level, including a selective list of major historical tsunamis. Chapter 2 describes the 1755 Lisbon earthquake and tsunami, although no tectonic background is given for this event, as it is for the other two events considered in this volume. Included in this chapter, however, is a brief but fascinating account of how this earthquake affected scientific and philosophical thought during the Age of Enlightenment. The authors&rsquo; description of the 2004 Sumatra&ndash;Andaman earthquake and tsunami in Chapter 3 includes instrumental and post-tsunami measurements of the tsunami, ground shaking and subsidence, and other effects such as mud volcanoes. Primarily, tsunami observations are described for the 2011 Japan event, including a brief summary of the nuclear disaster in the Fukushima region. The fifth chapter is on tsunami warning systems, including new and emerging systems around the world in the twenty-first century. The final chapter provides perspectives on why these events were so destructive and how future hazards may be mitigated.</p>\n<p>Review info:&nbsp;<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Three Great Tsunamis: Lisbon (1755), Sumatra&ndash;Andaman (2004), and Japan (2011).</i><span>&nbsp;By Harsh K. Gupta and Vineet K. Gahalaut,&nbsp;2013. ISBN: 978-9400765757</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s00024-014-0820-0","usgsCitation":"Geist, E.L., 2014, Book review: Three great tsunamis: Lisbon (1755), Sumatra-Andaman (2004), and Japan (2011): Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 171, no. 8, p. 2091-2091, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-014-0820-0.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"2091","endPage":"2091","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053078","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-014-0820-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289434,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289209,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-014-0820-0"}],"volume":"171","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b08be4b0388651d915fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70168816,"text":"70168816 - 2014 - Controls on methane released through ebullition in peatlands affected by permafrost degradation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-04T10:31:50","indexId":"70168816","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-28T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on methane released through ebullition in peatlands affected by permafrost degradation","docAbstract":"<p>Permafrost thaw in peat plateaus leads to the flooding of surface soils and the formation of collapse scar bogs, which have the potential to be large emitters of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) from surface peat as well as deeper, previously frozen, permafrost carbon (C). We used a network of bubble traps, permanently installed 20&thinsp;cm and 60&thinsp;cm beneath the moss surface, to examine controls on ebullition from three collapse bogs in interior Alaska. Overall, ebullition was dominated by episodic events that were associated with changes in atmospheric pressure, and ebullition was mainly a surface process regulated by both seasonal ice dynamics and plant phenology. The majority (&gt;90%) of ebullition occurred in surface peat layers, with little bubble production in deeper peat. During periods of peak plant biomass, bubbles contained acetate-derived CH<sub>4</sub> dominated (&gt;90%) by modern C fixed from the atmosphere following permafrost thaw. Post-senescence, the contribution of CH<sub>4</sub> derived from thawing permafrost C was more variable and accounted for up to 22% (on average 7%), in the most recently thawed site. Thus, the formation of thermokarst features resulting from permafrost thaw in peatlands stimulates ebullition and CH<sub>4</sub> release both by creating flooded surface conditions conducive to CH<sub>4</sub> production and bubbling as well as by exposing thawing permafrost C to mineralization.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1002/2013JG002441","usgsCitation":"Klapstein, S.J., Turetsky, M.R., McGuire, A.D., Harden, J.W., Czimczik, C., Xu, X., Chanton, J., and Waddington, J.M., 2014, Controls on methane released through ebullition in peatlands affected by permafrost degradation: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 119, no. 3, p. 418-431, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JG002441.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"418","endPage":"431","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049471","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pk481z7","text":"External Repository"},{"id":318555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Peatland 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David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":621846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Czimczik, C.I.","contributorId":57274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czimczik","given":"C.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Xu, Xiaomei","contributorId":139915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Xiaomei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13312,"text":"University of California-Irvine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chanton, J. P.","contributorId":7429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chanton","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Waddington, James Michael","contributorId":89774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddington","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70094150,"text":"sim3289 - 2014 - Bathymetric maps and water-quality profiles of Table Rock and North Saluda Reservoirs, Greenville County, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-13T09:51:23","indexId":"sim3289","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-28T10:01:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3289","title":"Bathymetric maps and water-quality profiles of Table Rock and North Saluda Reservoirs, Greenville County, South Carolina","docAbstract":"Lakes and reservoirs are the water-supply source for many communities. As such, water-resource managers that oversee these water supplies require monitoring of the quantity and quality of the resource. Monitoring information can be used to assess the basic conditions within the reservoir and to establish a reliable estimate of storage capacity. In April and May 2013, a global navigation satellite system receiver and fathometer were used to collect bathymetric data, and an autonomous underwater vehicle was used to collect water-quality and bathymetric data at Table Rock Reservoir and North Saluda Reservoir in Greenville County, South Carolina. These bathymetric data were used to create a bathymetric contour map and stage-area and stage-volume relation tables for each reservoir. Additionally, statistical summaries of the water-quality data were used to provide a general description of water-quality conditions in the reservoirs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3289","issn":"2329-132X","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Greenville Water","usgsCitation":"Clark, J.M., Journey, C.A., Nagle, D.D., and Lanier, T.H., 2014, Bathymetric maps and water-quality profiles of Table Rock and North Saluda Reservoirs, Greenville County, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3289, Map: 36.00 x 32.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3289.","productDescription":"Map: 36.00 x 32.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052115","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":285090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3289.jpg"},{"id":285088,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3289/"},{"id":285089,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3289/pdf/sim3289.pdf"}],"scale":"4000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Greenville County","otherGeospatial":"North Saluda Reservoirs, Table Rock","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.75,35.0 ], [ -82.75,35.25 ], [ -82.25,35.25 ], [ -82.25,35.0 ], [ -82.75,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517027e4b05569d805a176","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Jimmy M. 0000-0002-3138-5738 jmclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-5738","contributorId":4773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Jimmy","email":"jmclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nagle, Doug D. ddnagle@usgs.gov","contributorId":2697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagle","given":"Doug","email":"ddnagle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":490447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lanier, Timothy H. 0000-0001-5104-3308 thlanier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5104-3308","contributorId":4171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanier","given":"Timothy","email":"thlanier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70193623,"text":"70193623 - 2014 - Backprojection of volcanic tremor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-06T10:11:59","indexId":"70193623","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Backprojection of volcanic tremor","docAbstract":"<p>Backprojection has become a powerful tool for imaging the rupture process of global earthquakes. We demonstrate the ability of backprojection to illuminate and track volcanic sources as well. We apply the method to the seismic network from Okmok Volcano, Alaska, at the time of an escalation in tremor during the 2008 eruption. Although we are able to focus the wavefield close to the location of the active cone, the network array response lacks sufficient resolution to reveal kilometer-scale changes in tremor location. By deconvolving the response in successive backprojection images, we enhance resolution and find that the tremor source moved toward an intracaldera lake prior to its escalation. The increased tremor therefore resulted from magma-water interaction, in agreement with the overall phreatomagmatic character of the eruption. Imaging of eruption tremor shows that time reversal methods, such as backprojection, can provide new insights into the temporal evolution of volcanic sources.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013GL058836","usgsCitation":"Haney, M.M., 2014, Backprojection of volcanic tremor: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 41, no. 6, p. 1923-1928, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL058836.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1923","endPage":"1928","ipdsId":"IP-054027","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348108,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Okmok Volcano","volume":"41","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eabe4b0531197b27fab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. mhaney@usgs.gov","contributorId":2943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":719658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70142794,"text":"70142794 - 2014 - Great Lakes prey fish populations: a cross-basin overview of status and trends based on bottom trawl surveys, 1978-2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T14:24:18","indexId":"70142794","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Great Lakes prey fish populations: a cross-basin overview of status and trends based on bottom trawl surveys, 1978-2013","docAbstract":"<p>The assessment of Great Lakes prey fish stocks have been conducted annually with bottom trawls since the 1970s by the Great Lakes Science Center, sometimes assisted by partner agencies. These stock assessments provide data on the status and trends of prey fish that are consumed by important commercial and recreational fishes. Although all these annual surveys are conducted using bottom trawls, they differ among the lakes in the proportion of the lake covered, seasonal timing, trawl gear used, and the manner in which the trawl is towed (across or along bottom contours). Because each assessment is unique, population indices were standardized to the highest value for a time series within each lake for the following prey species: Cisco (Coregonus artedi), Bloater (C. hoyi), Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax), Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), and Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus). In this report, standardized indices are presented in graphical form along with synopses to provide a short, informal cross-basin summary of the status and trends of principal prey fishes. There was basin-wide agreement in the trends of age-1 and older biomass for all prey species, with the highest concordance occurring for coregonids and Rainbow Smelt, and weaker concordance for Alewife. For coregonids, the highest biomass occurred from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. Rainbow Smelt biomass declined slowly and erratically during the last quarter century. Alewife biomass was generally higher from the early 1980s through 1990s across the Great Lakes, but since the early 1990s, trends have been divergent across the lakes, though there has been a downward trend in all lakes since 2005. Recently, Lake Huron has shown resurgence in biomass of Bloater, achieving 75% of its maximum record in 2012 due to recruitment of a succession of strong and moderate year classes that appeared in 2005-2011. Also, strong recruitment of the 2010 year class of Alewife has led to a sharp increase in biomass of Alewife in Lake Michigan. In general, trends in year-class strengths were less concordant across the basin and only coregonids showed statistical agreement across the upper Great Lakes. The appearance of strong and moderate year-classes of Bloater in Lake Huron in 2005- 2011 countered the trend of continuing weak year-classes of coregonids in Lakes Michigan and Superior. Not shown in our analysis is the appearance of the 2013 year-class of Bloater in Huron, the largest to date. There was no agreement in cross-basin trends in year-class strengths for Rainbow Smelt and Alewife, although there was agreement between pairs of lakes. Although there was statistical agreement in trends of age-0 and older Round Goby biomass among lakes where this species has successfully invaded (Michigan, Huron, Erie and Ontario), temporal patterns of biomass in each lake were different. Round Goby may be approaching equilibrium in Lake Erie, peaking in Lake Huron, and expanding in Lake Michigan. The trend in Lake Ontario remains unclear. Declining abundance in Lake Erie has corresponded with evidence that Round Goby have become increasingly incorporated into piscivore diets, e.g., Lake Trout, Walleye, Smallmouth Bass, Yellow Perch, and Burbot in Lakes Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario. Round Goby continue to be absent from spring bottom trawl assessments in Lake Superior, but their presence in the harbors and embayments of Duluth and Thunder Bay (U.S. Geological Survey and Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, unpublished data), suggests that there is potential for future colonization.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","publisherLocation":"Ann Arbor, Michigan","doi":"10.3133/70142794","collaboration":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","usgsCitation":"Gorman, O.T., and Weidel, B., 2014, Great Lakes prey fish populations: a cross-basin overview of status and trends based on bottom trawl surveys, 1978-2013, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70142794.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055696","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science 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,{"id":70099932,"text":"ofr20141065 - 2014 - Preliminary interpretation of pre-2014 landslide deposits in the vicinity of Oso, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-26T15:30:08.282033","indexId":"ofr20141065","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-27T16:12:50","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1065","title":"Preliminary interpretation of pre-2014 landslide deposits in the vicinity of Oso, Washington","docAbstract":"High-resolution topographic surveys allow fairly precise mapping of landslide deposits and their relative ages. Relative ages are determined by cross-cutting relations and the amount of smoothing—more smoothed slide deposits are older—of these deposits. The Tulalip Tribes, in partnership with the Puget Sound Lidar Consortium, acquired a high-resolution lidar (light detection and ranging) survey of the North Fork Stillaguamish River valley in 2013. This report presents a preliminary interpretation of the topography of this area using the lidar data at a scale of 1:24,000.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141065","usgsCitation":"Haugerud, R.A., 2014, Preliminary interpretation of pre-2014 landslide deposits in the vicinity of Oso, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1065, Report: 4 pages; GIS Data Zip File, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141065.","productDescription":"Report: 4 pages; GIS Data Zip File","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055838","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417505,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_99750.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285073,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1065/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285075,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1065/pdf/ofr2014-1065.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":285077,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141065.png"},{"id":285076,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1065/downloads/ofr2014-1065_GIS.zip"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Oso","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.940536,48.258349 ], [ -121.940536,48.297727 ], [ -121.880529,48.297727 ], [ -121.880529,48.258349 ], [ -121.940536,48.258349 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351705be4b05569d805a371","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haugerud, Ralph A. 0000-0001-7302-4351 rhaugerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4351","contributorId":2691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugerud","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaugerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70073968,"text":"ofr20141003 - 2014 - Hydrologic Drought Decision Support System (HyDroDSS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-27T14:22:43","indexId":"ofr20141003","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-27T14:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1003","title":"Hydrologic Drought Decision Support System (HyDroDSS)","docAbstract":"<p>The hydrologic drought decision support system (HyDroDSS) was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Rhode Island Water Resources Board (RIWRB) for use in the analysis of hydrologic variables that may indicate the risk for streamflows to be below user-defined flow targets at a designated site of interest, which is defined herein as data-collection site on a stream that may be adversely affected by pumping. Hydrologic drought is defined for this study as a period of lower than normal streamflows caused by precipitation deficits and (or) water withdrawals. The HyDroDSS is designed to provide water managers with risk-based information for balancing water-supply needs and aquatic-habitat protection goals to mitigate potential effects of hydrologic drought.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>This report describes the theory and methods for retrospective streamflow-depletion analysis, rank correlation analysis, and drought-projection analysis. All three methods are designed to inform decisions made by drought steering committees and decisionmakers on the basis of quantitative risk assessment. All three methods use estimates of unaltered streamflow, which is the measured or modeled flow without major withdrawals or discharges, to approximate a natural low-flow regime.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Retrospective streamflow-depletion analysis can be used by water-resource managers to evaluate relations between withdrawal plans and the potential effects of withdrawal plans on streams at one or more sites of interest in an area. Retrospective streamflow-depletion analysis indicates the historical risk of being below user-defined flow targets if different pumping plans were implemented for the period of record. Retrospective streamflow-depletion analysis also indicates the risk for creating hydrologic drought conditions caused by use of a pumping plan. Retrospective streamflow-depletion analysis is done by calculating the net streamflow depletions from withdrawals and discharges and applying these depletions to a simulated record of unaltered streamflow.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Rank correlation analysis in the HyDroDSS indicates the persistence of hydrologic measurements from month to month for the prediction of developing hydrologic drought conditions and quantitatively indicates which hydrologic variables may be used to indicate the onset of hydrologic drought conditions. Rank correlation analysis also indicates the potential use of each variable for estimating the monthly minimum unaltered flow at a site of interest for use in the drought-projection analysis. Rank correlation analysis in the HyDroDSS is done by calculating Spearman’s rho for paired samples and the 95-percent confidence limits of this rho value. Rank correlation analysis can be done by using precipitation, groundwater levels, measured streamflows, and estimated unaltered streamflows. Serial correlation analysis, which indicates relations between current and future values, can be done for a single site. Cross correlation analysis, which indicates relations among current values at one site and current and future values at a second site, also can be done.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Drought-projection analysis in the HyDroDSS indicates the risk for being in a hydrologic drought condition during the current month and the five following months with and without pumping. Drought-projection analysis also indicates the potential effectiveness of water-conservation methods for mitigating the effect of withdrawals in the coming months on the basis of the amount of depletion caused by different pumping plans and on the risk of unaltered flows being below streamflow targets. Drought-projection analysis in the HyDroDSS is done with Monte Carlo methods by using the position analysis method. In this method the initial value of estimated unaltered streamflows is calculated by correlation to a measured hydrologic variable (monthly precipitation, groundwater levels, or streamflows from an index station identified with the rank correlation analysis). Then a pseudorandom number generator is used to create 251 six-month-long flow traces by using a bootstrap method. Serial correlation of the estimated unaltered monthly minimum streamflows determined from the rank correlation analysis is preserved within each flow trace. The sample of unaltered streamflows indicates the risk of being below flow targets in the coming months under simulated natural conditions (without historic withdrawals). The streamflow-depletion algorithms are then used to estimate risks of flow being below targets if selected pumping plans are used.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>This report also describes the implementation of the HyDroDSS. The HyDroDSS was developed as a Microsoft Access® database application to facilitate storage, handling, and use of hydrologic datasets with a simple graphical user interface. The program is implemented in the database by using the Visual Basic for Applications® (VBA) programming language. Program source code for the analytical techniques is provided in the HyDroDSS and in electronic text files accompanying this report. Program source code for the graphical user interface and for data-handling code, which is specific to Microsoft Access® and the HyDroDSS, is provided in the database. An installation package with a run-time version of the software is available with this report for potential users who do not have a compatible copy of Microsoft Access®. Administrative rights are needed to install this version of the HyDroDSS.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>A case study, to demonstrate the use of HyDroDSS and interpretation of results for a site of interest, is detailed for the USGS streamgage on the Hunt River (station 01117000) near East Greenwich in central Rhode Island. 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