{"pageNumber":"14","pageRowStart":"325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":676,"records":[{"id":70005758,"text":"sir20115085 - 2011 - Hydrogeologic setting and simulation of groundwater flow near the Canterbury and Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnels, Leadville, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:00","indexId":"sir20115085","displayToPublicDate":"2011-10-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5085","title":"Hydrogeologic setting and simulation of groundwater flow near the Canterbury and Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnels, Leadville, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Leadville mining district is historically one of the most heavily mined regions in the world producing large quantities of gold, silver, lead, zinc, copper, and manganese since the 1860s. A multidisciplinary investigation was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, to characterize large-scale groundwater flow in a 13 square-kilometer region encompassing the Canterbury Tunnel and the Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel near Leadville, Colorado. The primary objective of the investigation was to evaluate whether a substantial hydraulic connection is present between the Canterbury Tunnel and Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel for current (2008) hydrologic conditions.\n\nAltitude in the Leadville area ranges from about 3,018 m (9,900 ft) along the Arkansas River valley to about 4,270 m (14,000 ft) along the Continental Divide east of Leadville, and the high altitude of the area results in a moderate subpolar climate. Winter precipitation as snow was about three times greater than summer precipitation as rain, and in general, both winter and summer precipitation were greatest at higher altitudes. Winter and summer precipitation have increased since 2002 coinciding with the observed water-level rise near the Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel that began in 2003. The weather patterns and hydrology exhibit strong seasonality with an annual cycle of cold winters with large snowfall, followed by spring snowmelt, runoff, and recharge (high-flow) conditions, and then base-flow (low-flow) conditions in the fall prior to the next winter. Groundwater occurs in the Paleozoic and Precambrian fractured-rock aquifers and in a Quaternary alluvial aquifer along the East Fork Arkansas River, and groundwater levels also exhibit seasonal, although delayed, patterns in response to the annual hydrologic cycle.\n\nA three-dimensional digital representation of the extensively faulted bedrock was developed and a geophysical direct-current resistivity field survey was performed to evaluate the geologic structure of the study area. The results show that the Canterbury Tunnel is located in a downthrown structural block that is not in direct physical connection with the Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel. The presence of this structural discontinuity implies there is no direct groundwater pathway between the tunnels along a laterally continuous bedrock unit.\n\nWater-quality results for pH and major-ion concentrations near the Canterbury Tunnel showed that acid mine drainage has not affected groundwater quality. Stable-isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in water indicate that snowmelt is the primary source of groundwater recharge. On the basis of chlorofluorocarbon and tritium concentrations and mixing ratios for groundwater samples, young groundwater (groundwater recharged after 1953) was indicated at well locations upgradient from and in a fault block separate from the Canterbury Tunnel. Samples from sites downgradient from the Canterbury Tunnel were mixtures of young and old (pre-1953) groundwater and likely represent snowmelt recharge mixed with older regional groundwater that discharges from the bedrock units to the Arkansas River valley. Discharge from the Canterbury Tunnel contained the greatest percentage of old (pre-1953) groundwater with a mixture of about 25 percent young water and about 75 percent old water.\n\nA calibrated three-dimensional groundwater model representing high-flow conditions was used to evaluate large-scale flow characteristics of the groundwater and to assess whether a substantial hydraulic connection was present between the Canterbury Tunnel and Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel. As simulated, the faults restrict local flow in many areas, but the fracture-damage zones adjacent to the faults allow groundwater to move along faults. Water-budget results indicate that groundwater flow across the lateral edges of the model controlled the majority of flow in and out of the aquifer (79 percent and 63 percent of the total water budget, respectively). The largest contributions to the water budget were groundwater entering from the upper reaches of the watershed and the hydrologic interaction of the groundwater with the East Fork Arkansas River. Potentiometric surface maps of the simulated model results were generated for depths of 50, 100, and 250 m. The surfaces revealed a positive trend in hydraulic head with land-surface altitude and evidence of increased control on fluid movement by the fault network structure at progressively greater depths in the aquifer.\n\nResults of advective particle-tracking simulations indicate that the sets of simulated flow paths for the Canterbury Tunnel and the Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel were mutually exclusive of one another, which also suggested that no major hydraulic connection was present between the tunnels. Particle-tracking simulations also revealed that although the fault network generally restricted groundwater movement locally, hydrologic conditions were such that groundwater did cross the fault network at many locations. This cross-fault movement indicates that the fault network controls regional groundwater flow to some degree but is not a complete barrier to flow. The cumulative distributions of adjusted age results for the watershed indicate that approximately 30 percent of the flow pathways transmit groundwater that was younger than 68 years old (post-1941) and that about 70 percent of the flow pathways transmit old groundwater. The particle-tracking results are consistent with the apparent ages and mixing ratios developed from the chlorofluorocarbon and tritium results. The model simulations also indicate that approximately 50 percent of the groundwater flowing through the study area was less than 200 years old and about 50 percent of the groundwater flowing through the study area is old water stored in low-permeability geologic units and fault blocks. As a final examination of model response, the conductance parameters of the Canterbury Tunnel and Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel were manually adjusted from the calibrated values to determine if altering the flow discharge in one tunnel affects the hydraulic behavior in the other tunnel. The examination showed no substantial hydraulic connection.\n\nThe multidisciplinary investigation yielded an improved understanding of groundwater characteristics near the Canterbury Tunnel and the Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel. Movement of groundwater between the Canterbury Tunnel and Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel that was central to this investigation could not be evaluated with strong certainty owing to the structural complexity of the region, study simplifications, and the absence of observation data within the upper sections of the Canterbury Tunnel and between the Canterbury Tunnel and the Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel. There was, however, collaborative agreement between all of the analyses performed during this investigation that a substantial hydraulic connection did not exist between the Canterbury Tunnel and the Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel under natural flow conditions near the time of this investigation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115085","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment","usgsCitation":"Wellman, T., Paschke, S.S., Minsley, B., and Dupree, J.A., 2011, Hydrogeologic setting and simulation of groundwater flow near the Canterbury and Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnels, Leadville, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5085, viii, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115085.","productDescription":"viii, 56 p.","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":94411,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5085/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5085.bmp"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Easting","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Leadville","otherGeospatial":"Canterbury Tunnel;Leadville Mine Drainage Tunnel","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.31666666666666,39.233333333333334 ], [ -106.31666666666666,39.3 ], [ -106.23333333333333,39.3 ], [ -106.23333333333333,39.233333333333334 ], [ -106.31666666666666,39.233333333333334 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db62793a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wellman, Tristan P.","contributorId":56500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellman","given":"Tristan P.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paschke, Suzanne S.","contributorId":14072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paschke","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minsley, Burke","contributorId":100699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dupree, Jean A. dupree@usgs.gov","contributorId":2563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dupree","given":"Jean","email":"dupree@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":353156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70005668,"text":"ofr20111228 - 2011 - Columbia River Estuary ecosystem classification—Concept and application","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-24T15:46:29","indexId":"ofr20111228","displayToPublicDate":"2011-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1228","title":"Columbia River Estuary ecosystem classification—Concept and application","docAbstract":"This document describes the concept, organization, and application of a hierarchical ecosystem classification that integrates saline and tidal freshwater reaches of estuaries in order to characterize the ecosystems of large flood plain rivers that are strongly influenced by riverine and estuarine hydrology. We illustrate the classification by applying it to the Columbia River estuary (Oregon-Washington, USA), a system that extends about 233 river kilometers (rkm) inland from the Pacific Ocean. More than three-quarters of this length is tidal freshwater. The Columbia River Estuary Ecosystem Classification (\"Classification\") is based on six hierarchical levels, progressing from the coarsest, regional scale to the finest, localized scale: (1) Ecosystem Province; (2) Ecoregion; (3) Hydrogeomorphic Reach; (4) Ecosystem Complex; (5) Geomorphic Catena; and (6) Primary Cover Class. We define and map Levels 1-3 for the entire Columbia River estuary with existing geospatial datasets, and provide examples of Levels 4-6 for one hydrogeomorphic reach. In particular, three levels of the Classification capture the scales and categories of ecosystem structure and processes that are most tractable to estuarine research, monitoring, and management. These three levels are the (1) eight hydrogeomorphic reaches that embody the formative geologic and tectonic processes that created the existing estuarine landscape and encompass the influence of the resulting physiography on interactions between fluvial and tidal hydrology and geomorphology across 230 kilometers (km) of estuary, (2) more than 15 ecosystem complexes composed of broad landforms created predominantly by geologic processes during the Holocene, and (3) more than 25 geomorphic catenae embedded within ecosystem complexes that represent distinct geomorphic landforms, structures, ecosystems, and habitats, and components of the estuarine landscape most likely to change over short time periods.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111228","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Washington and the Lower Columbia River Estuary Partnership","usgsCitation":"Simenstad, C.A., Burke, J.L., O'Connor, J., Cannon, C., Heatwole, D.W., Ramirez, M.F., Waite, I.R., Counihan, T.D., and Jones, K.L., 2011, Columbia River Estuary ecosystem classification—Concept and application: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1228, vi, 38 p.; Appendix; Figures; Tables; XLSX Download of Appendix A, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111228.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.; Appendix; Figures; Tables; XLSX Download of Appendix A","startPage":"i","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"60","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1228.jpg"},{"id":94266,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1228/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States;Canada","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Estuary","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.25,45 ], [ -124.25,47 ], [ -123.75,47 ], [ -123.75,45 ], [ -124.25,45 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae770","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simenstad, Charles A.","contributorId":88477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simenstad","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":353039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burke, Jennifer L.","contributorId":61147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cannon, Charles ccannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":4471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Charles","email":"ccannon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heatwole, Danelle W.","contributorId":70104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heatwole","given":"Danelle","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ramirez, Mary F.","contributorId":107844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramirez","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Waite, Ian R. 0000-0003-1681-6955 iwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-6955","contributorId":616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Ian","email":"iwaite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Counihan, Timothy D. 0000-0003-4967-6514 tcounihan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4967-6514","contributorId":4211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counihan","given":"Timothy","email":"tcounihan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jones, Krista L. 0000-0002-0301-4497 kljones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0301-4497","contributorId":4550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Krista","email":"kljones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70005485,"text":"sir20115160 - 2011 - Hydrogeologic framework and groundwater/surface-water interactions of the Chehalis River basin, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"sir20115160","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5160","title":"Hydrogeologic framework and groundwater/surface-water interactions of the Chehalis River basin, Washington","docAbstract":"The Chehalis River has the largest drainage basin of any river entirely contained within the State of Washington with a watershed of approximately 2,700 mi<sup>2</sup> and has correspondingly diverse geology and land use. Demands for water resources have prompted the local citizens and governments of the Chehalis River basin to coordinate with Federal, State and Tribal agencies through the Chehalis Basin Partnership to develop a long-term watershed management plan. The recognition of the interdependence of groundwater and surface-water resources of the Chehalis River basin became the impetus for this study, the purpose of which is to describe the hydrogeologic framework and groundwater/surface-water interactions of the Chehalis River basin.\r\n Surficial geologic maps and 372 drillers' lithostratigraphic logs were used to generalize the basin-wide hydrogeologic framework. Five hydrogeologic units that include aquifers within unconsolidated glacial and alluvial sediments separated by discontinuous confining units were identified. These five units are bounded by a low permeability unit comprised of Tertiary bedrock.\r\nA water table map, and generalized groundwater-flow directions in the surficial aquifers, were delineated from water levels measured in wells between July and September 2009. Groundwater generally follows landsurface-topography from the uplands to the alluvial valley of the Chehalis River. Groundwater gradients are highest in tributary valleys such as the Newaukum River valley (approximately 23 cubic feet per mile), relatively flat in the central Chehalis River valley (approximately 6 cubic feet per mile), and become tidally influenced near the outlet of the Chehalis River to Grays Harbor.\r\nThe dynamic interaction between groundwater and surface-water was observed through the synoptic streamflow measurements, termed a seepage run, made during August 2010, and monitoring of water levels in wells during the 2010 Water Year. The seepage run revealed an overall gain of 56.8 &plusmn; 23.7 cubic feet per second over 32.8 river miles (1.7 cubic feet per second per mile), and alternating gains and losses of streamflow ranging from -48.3 to 30.9 cubic feet per second per mile, which became more pronounced on the Chehalis River downstream of Grand Mound. However, most gains and losses were within measurement error. Groundwater levels measured in wells in unconsolidated sediments fluctuated with changes in stream stage, often within several hours. These fluctuations were set by precipitation events in the upper Chehalis River basin and tides of the Pacific Ocean in the lower Chehalis River basin.&plusmn;","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115160","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington State Department of Ecology, and the Chehalis Basin Partnership","usgsCitation":"Gendaszek, A.S., 2011, Hydrogeologic framework and groundwater/surface-water interactions of the Chehalis River basin, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5160, vi, 42 p.; 1Plate: 24 inches x 32 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115160.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p.; 1Plate: 24 inches x 32 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5160.jpg"},{"id":94178,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5160/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.33333333333333,46.25 ], [ -124.33333333333333,47.583333333333336 ], [ -122.41666666666667,47.583333333333336 ], [ -122.41666666666667,46.25 ], [ -124.33333333333333,46.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6862ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gendaszek, Andrew S. 0000-0002-2373-8986 agendasz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2373-8986","contributorId":3509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gendaszek","given":"Andrew","email":"agendasz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70005340,"text":"sir20115120 - 2011 - Coastal habitats of the Elwha River, Washington- Biological and physical patterns and processes prior to dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:55","indexId":"sir20115120","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5120","title":"Coastal habitats of the Elwha River, Washington- Biological and physical patterns and processes prior to dam removal","docAbstract":"This report includes chapters that summarize the results of multidisciplinary studies to quantify and characterize the current (2011) status and baseline conditions of the lower Elwha River, its estuary, and the adjacent nearshore ecosystems prior to the historic removal of two long-standing dams that have strongly influenced river, estuary, and nearshore conditions. The studies were conducted as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Multi-disciplinary Coastal Habitats in Puget Sound (MD-CHIPS) project. Chapter 1 is the introductory chapter that provides background and a historical context for the Elwha River dam removal and ecosystem restoration project. In chapter 2, the volume and timing of sediment delivery to the estuary and nearshore are discussed, providing an overview of the sediment stored in the two reservoirs and the expected erosion mechanics of the reservoir sediment deposits after removal of the dams. Chapter 3 describes the geological background of the Olympic Peninsula and the geomorphology of the Elwha River and nearshore. Chapter 4 details a series of hydrological data collected by the MD-CHIPS Elwha project. These include groundwater monitoring, surface water-groundwater interactions in the estuary, an estimated surface-water budget to the estuary, and a series of temperature and salinity measurements. Chapter 5 details the work that has been completed in the nearshore, including the measurement of waves, tides, and currents; the development of a numerical hydrodynamic model; and a description of the freshwater plume entering the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Chapter 6 includes a characterization of the nearshore benthic substrate developed using sonar, which formed a habitat template used to design scuba surveys of the benthic biological communities. Chapter 7 describes the ecological studies conducted in the lower river and estuary and includes characterization of juvenile salmon diets and seasonal estuary utilization patterns using otolith analysis to determine habitat specific and hatchery compared with wild patterns in juvenile Chinook salmon, assessment of benthic and terrestrial macroinvertebrate communities, and seasonal patterns of water nutrients. In Chapter 8, the vegetation communities of the eastern estuary are characterized by mapped vegetation cover types and samples collected for vegetation composition and diversity. Chapter 9 summarizes the existing conditions of the study area as detailed in this report and describes some of the possible outcomes of river restoration on the coastal ecosystems of the Elwha River.\nTogether, these different scientific perspectives form a basis for understanding the Elwha River ecosystem, an environment that has and will undergo substantial change. A century of change began with the start of dam construction in 1910; additional major change will result from dam removal scheduled to begin in September 2011. This report provides a scientific snapshot of the lower Elwha River, its estuary, and adjacent nearshore ecosystems prior to dam removal that can be used to evaluate the responses and dynamics of various system components following dam removal.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115120","usgsCitation":"Duda, J., Warrick, J., and Magirl, C.S., 2011, Coastal habitats of the Elwha River, Washington- Biological and physical patterns and processes prior to dam removal: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5120, viii, 264 p.; Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Chapter 8, Chapter 9; Animation Figure, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115120.","productDescription":"viii, 264 p.; Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Chapter 8, Chapter 9; Animation Figure","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5120.jpg"},{"id":92151,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5120/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b08e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":68854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":48255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003617,"text":"70003617 - 2011 - Mapping permeability over the surface of the Earth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-25T21:37:42.083512","indexId":"70003617","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping permeability over the surface of the Earth","docAbstract":"<p><span>Permeability, the ease of fluid flow through porous rocks and soils, is a fundamental but often poorly quantified component in the analysis of regional‐scale water fluxes. Permeability is difficult to quantify because it varies over more than 13 orders of magnitude and is heterogeneous and dependent on flow direction. Indeed, at the regional scale, maps of permeability only exist for soil to depths of 1–2 m. Here we use an extensive compilation of results from hydrogeologic models to show that regional‐scale (&gt;5 km) permeability of consolidated and unconsolidated geologic units below soil horizons (hydrolithologies) can be characterized in a statistically meaningful way. The representative permeabilities of these hydrolithologies are used to map the distribution of near‐surface (on the order of 100 m depth) permeability globally and over North America. The distribution of each hydrolithology is generally scale independent. The near‐surface mean permeability is of the order of ∼5 × 10</span><sup>−14</sup><span>&nbsp;m</span><sup>2</sup><span>. The results provide the first global picture of near‐surface permeability and will be of particular value for evaluating global water resources and modeling the influence of climate‐surface‐subsurface interactions on global climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010GL045565","usgsCitation":"Gleeson, T., Smith, L., Moosdorf, N., Hartmann, J., Durr, H.H., Manning, A.H., van Beek, L.P., and Jellinek, A.M., 2011, Mapping permeability over the surface of the Earth: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 2, L02401, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045565.","productDescription":"L02401, 6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474928,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gl045565","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649805","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gleeson, Tom","contributorId":42694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gleeson","given":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":6646,"text":"McGill University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Leslie","contributorId":52307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Leslie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moosdorf, Nils","contributorId":71450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moosdorf","given":"Nils","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hartmann, Jens","contributorId":7573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartmann","given":"Jens","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Durr, Hans H.","contributorId":38851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durr","given":"Hans","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"van Beek, Ludovicus P. H.","contributorId":71842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Beek","given":"Ludovicus","email":"","middleInitial":"P. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jellinek, A. Mark","contributorId":54364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jellinek","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70004991,"text":"sir20115129 - 2011 - Hydrogeologic framework, groundwater movement, and water budget in the Chimacum Creek basin and vicinity, Jefferson County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-15T19:04:40.898124","indexId":"sir20115129","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5129","title":"Hydrogeologic framework, groundwater movement, and water budget in the Chimacum Creek basin and vicinity, Jefferson County, Washington","docAbstract":"This report presents information used to characterize the groundwater flow system in the Chimacum Creek basin. It includes descriptions of the geology and hydrogeologic framework; groundwater recharge and discharge; groundwater levels and flow directions; seasonal fluctuations in groundwater level; interactions between aquifers and the surface-water system; and a groundwater budget. The study area covers 124 square miles in northeastern Jefferson County, Washington, and includes the Chimacum Creek basin, which drains an area of about 37 square miles. The area is underlain by a north-thickening sequence of unconsolidated glacial and interglacial deposits that overlie sedimentary and igneous bedrock units that crop out along the margins and western interior of the study area. Six hydrogeologic units consisting of unconsolidated aquifers and confining units, along with an underlying bedrock unit, were identified. A surficial hydrogeologic map was developed and used with well information from 187 drillers' logs to construct 4 hydrogeologic sections, and maps showing the extent and thickness of the units. Natural recharge was estimated using precipitation-recharge relation regression equations developed for western Washington, and estimates were calculated for return flow from data on domestic indoor and outdoor use and irrigated agriculture. Results from synoptic streamflow measurements and water table elevations determined from monthly measurements at monitoring wells are presented and compared with those from a study conducted during 2002-03. A water budget was calculated comprising long-term average recharge, domestic public-supply withdrawals and return flow, self-supplied domestic withdrawals and return flow, and irrigated agricultural withdrawals and return flow.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115129","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.L., Welch, W.B., Frans, L.M., and Olsen, T.D., 2011, Hydrogeologic framework, groundwater movement, and water budget in the Chimacum Creek basin and vicinity, Jefferson County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5129, Report: vi, 28 p.; 1 Plate: 32.48 x 24.08 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115129.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 28 p.; 1 Plate: 32.48 x 24.08 inches","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5129.bmp"},{"id":398855,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95358.htm"},{"id":24471,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5129/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"50000","country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Chimacum Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.8739,\n              47.9011\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.6533,\n              47.9011\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.6533,\n              48.07667\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.8739,\n              48.0767\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.8739,\n              47.9011\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6279be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Joseph L. jljones@usgs.gov","contributorId":3492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Joseph","email":"jljones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welch, Wendy B. wwelch@usgs.gov","contributorId":1645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Wendy","email":"wwelch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frans, Lonna M. 0000-0002-3217-1862 lmfrans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-1862","contributorId":1493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frans","given":"Lonna","email":"lmfrans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olsen, Theresa D. 0000-0003-4099-4057 tdolsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4099-4057","contributorId":1644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Theresa","email":"tdolsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70004802,"text":"sim3160 - 2011 - Lidar-revised geologic map of the Uncas 7.5' quadrangle, Clallam and Jefferson Counties, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-15T18:53:36.816604","indexId":"sim3160","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3160","title":"Lidar-revised geologic map of the Uncas 7.5' quadrangle, Clallam and Jefferson Counties, Washington","docAbstract":"In 2000 and 2001, the Puget Sound Lidar Consortium obtained 1 pulse/m<sup>2</sup> lidar data for about 65 percent of the Uncas 7.5' quadrangle. For a brief description of LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) and this data acquisition program, see Haugerud and others (2003). This map combines geologic interpretation (mostly by Haugerud and Tabor) of the 6-ft (2-m) lidar-derived digital elevation model (DEM) with the geology depicted on the Preliminary Geologic Map of the Uncas 7.5' Quadrangle, Clallam and Jefferson Counties, Washington, by Peter J. Haeussler and others (1999). The Uncas quadrangle in the northeastern Olympic Peninsula covers the transition from the accreted terranes of the Olympic Mountains on the west to the Tertiary and Quaternary basin fills of the Puget Lowland to the east. Elevations in the map area range from sea level at Port Discovery to 4,116 ft (1,255 m) on the flank of the Olympic Mountains to the southwest. Previous geologic mapping within and marginal to the Uncas quadrangle includes reports by Cady and others (1972), Brown and others (1960), Tabor and Cady (1978a), Yount and Gower (1991), and Yount and others (1993). Paleontologic and stratigraphic investigations by University of Washington graduate students (Allison, 1959; Thoms, 1959; Sherman, 1960; Hamlin, 1962; Spencer, 1984) also encompass parts of the Uncas quadrangle. Haeussler and Wells mapped in February 1998, following preliminary mapping by Yount and Gower in 1976 and 1979. The description of surficial map units follows Yount and others (1993) and Booth and Waldron (2004). Bedrock map units are modified from Yount and Gower (1991) and Spencer (1984). We used the geologic time scale of Gradstein and others (2005). The Uncas quadrangle lies in the forearc of the Cascadia subduction zone, about 6.25 mi (10 km) east of the Cascadia accretionary complex exposed in the core of the Olympic Mountains (Tabor and Cady, 1978b). Underthrusting of the accretionary complex beneath the forearc uplifted and tilted eastward the Coast Range basalt basement and overlying marginal basin strata, which comprise most of the rocks of the Uncas quadrangle. The Eocene submarine and subaerial tholeiitic basalt of the Crescent Formation on the Olympic Peninsula is thought to be the exposed mafic basement of the Coast Range, which was considered by Snavely and others (1968) to be an oceanic terrane accreted to the margin in Eocene time. In this interpretation, the Coast Range basalt terrane may have originated as an oceanic plateau or by oblique marginal rifting, but its subsequent emplacement history was complex (Wells and others, 1984). Babcock and others (1992) and Haeussler and others (2003) favor the interpretation that the basalts were the product of an oceanic spreading center interacting with the continental margin. Regardless of their origin, onlapping strata in southern Oregon indicate that the Coast Range basalts were attached to North America by 50 Ma; but on southern Vancouver Island, where the terrane-bounding Leech River Fault is exposed, Brandon and Vance (1992) concluded that suturing to North America occurred in the broad interval between 42 and 24 Ma. After emplacement of the Coast Range basalt terrane, the Cascadia accretionary wedge developed by frontal accretion and underplating (Tabor and Cady, 1978b; Clowes and others, 1987). Domal uplift of the part of the accretionary complex beneath the Olympic Mountains occurred after ~18 Ma (Brandon and others, 1998). Continental and alpine glaciation during Quaternary time reshaped the uplifted rocks of the Olympic Mountains.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3160","usgsCitation":"Tabor, R.W., Haeussler, P.J., Haugerud, R.A., and Wells, R., 2011, Lidar-revised geologic map of the Uncas 7.5' quadrangle, Clallam and Jefferson Counties, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3160, Pamphlet: iii, 9 p.; 2 Plates: 30.00 x 34.00 inches; Readme; Metadata; GIS Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3160.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iii, 9 p.; 2 Plates: 30.00 x 34.00 inches; Readme; Metadata; GIS Database","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":671,"text":"Western Region Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3160.gif"},{"id":398852,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95299.htm"},{"id":22674,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3160/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Washington State Plane projection","datum":"NAD83","country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Clallam County, Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Uncas 7.5' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123,\n              47.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.875,\n              47.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.875,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -123,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -123,\n              47.875\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tabor, Rowland W. rtabor@usgs.gov","contributorId":3816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabor","given":"Rowland","email":"rtabor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haugerud, Ralph A. 0000-0001-7302-4351 rhaugerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4351","contributorId":2691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugerud","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaugerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":2692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray E.","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70004807,"text":"sir20115056 - 2011 - Hydrologic assessment of three drainage basins in the Pinelands of southern New Jersey, 2004-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"sir20115056","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5056","title":"Hydrologic assessment of three drainage basins in the Pinelands of southern New Jersey, 2004-06","docAbstract":"The New Jersey Pinelands is an ecologically diverse area in the southern New Jersey Coastal Plain, most of which overlies the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system. The demand for groundwater from this aquifer system is increasing as local development increases. Because any increase in groundwater withdrawals has the potential to affect streamflows and wetland water levels, and ultimately threaten the ecological health and diversity of the Pinelands ecosystem, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Jersey Pinelands Commission, began a multi-phase hydrologic investigation in 2004 to characterize the hydrologic system supporting the aquatic and wetland communities of the New Jersey Pinelands area (Pinelands). The current investigation of the hydrology of three representative drainage basins in the Pinelands (Albertson Brook, McDonalds Branch, and Morses Mill Stream basins) included a compilation of existing data; collection of water-level and streamflow data; mapping of the water-table altitude and depth to the water table; and analyses of water-level and streamflow variability, subsurface gradients and flow patterns, and water budgets. During 2004-06, a hydrologic database of existing and new data from wells and stream sites was compiled. Methods of data collection and analysis were defined, and data networks consisting of 471 wells and 106 surface-water sites were established. Hydrographs from 26 water-level-monitoring wells and four streamflow-gaging stations were analyzed to show the response of water levels and streamflow to precipitation and recharge with respect to the locations of these wells and streams within each basin. Water-level hydrographs show varying hydraulic gradients and flow potentials, and indicate that responses to recharge events vary with well depth and proximity to recharge and discharge areas. Results of the investigation provide a detailed characterization of hydrologic conditions, processes, and relations among the components of the hydrologic cycle in the Pinelands. In the Pinelands, recharge replenishes the aquifer system and contributes to groundwater flow, most of which moves to wetlands and surface water where natural discharge occurs. Some groundwater flow is intercepted by supply wells. Recharge rates generally are highest during the non-growing season and are inversely related to evapotranspiration. Analysis of subsurface hydraulic gradients, water-table fluctuations, and streamflow variability indicates a strong linkage between groundwater and wetlands, lakes and streams. Gradient analysis indicates that most wetlands are in groundwater discharge areas, but some wetlands are in groundwater recharge areas. The depth to the water table ranges from zero at surface-water features up to about 10 meters in topographically high areas. Depth to water fluctuates seasonally, and the magnitude of these fluctuations generally increases with distance from surface water. Variations in the permeability of the soils and sediments of the aquifer system strongly affect patterns of water movement through the subsurface and the interaction of groundwater with wetlands, lakes and streams. Mean annual streamflow during 2004-06 ranged from 83 to 106 percent of the long-term mean annual discharge, indicating that the data-collection period can be considered representative of average conditions. Measurements of groundwater levels, stream stage, and stream discharge and locations of start-of-flow are illustrated in basin-wide maps of water-table altitude, depth to the water table, and stream base flow during the period. Water-level data collected along 15 hydrologic transects that span the range of environments from uplands through wetlands to surface water were used to determine hydraulic gradients, potential flow directions, and areas of recharge and discharge. These data provide information about the localized interactions of groundwater with wetlands and surface water. Wetlands were categorized with r","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115056","usgsCitation":"Walker, R.L., Nicholson, R.S., and Storck, D.A., 2011, Hydrologic assessment of three drainage basins in the Pinelands of southern New Jersey, 2004-06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5056, viii, 101 p.; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115056.","productDescription":"viii, 101 p.; Tables","startPage":"i","endPage":"145","numberOfPages":"153","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204040,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":22680,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5056/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204788,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186338"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"NAD83","country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.05,39.45 ], [ -75.05,40 ], [ -74.33333333333333,40 ], [ -74.33333333333333,39.45 ], [ -75.05,39.45 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Richard L.","contributorId":38961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, Robert S. rnichol@usgs.gov","contributorId":2283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Robert","email":"rnichol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storck, Donald A. dstorck@usgs.gov","contributorId":4311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storck","given":"Donald","email":"dstorck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70004537,"text":"sim3167 - 2011 - Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Coastal habitats, artificial reefs, wrecks, dumping grounds, harbor obstructions and offshore sand resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:58","indexId":"sim3167","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-03T13:23:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3167","title":"Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Coastal habitats, artificial reefs, wrecks, dumping grounds, harbor obstructions and offshore sand resources","docAbstract":"The Geospatial Characteristics GeoPDF of Florida's Coastal and Offshore Environments is a comprehensive collection of geospatial data describing the political boundaries and natural resources of Florida. This interactive map provides spatial information on bathymetry, sand resources, coastal habitats, artificial reefs, shipwrecks, dumping grounds, and harbor obstructions. The map should be useful to coastal resource managers and others interested in marine habitats and submerged obstructions of Florida's coastal region. In particular, as oil and gas explorations continue to expand, the map may be used to explore information regarding sensitive areas and resources in the State of Florida. Users of this geospatial database will have access to synthesized information in a variety of scientific disciplines concerning Florida's coastal zone. This powerful tool provides a one-stop assembly of data that can be tailored to fit the needs of many natural resource managers. The map was originally developed to assist the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation, and Enforcement (BOEMRE) and coastal resources managers with planning beach restoration projects. The BOEMRE uses a systematic approach in planning the development of submerged lands of the Continental Shelf seaward of Florida's territorial waters. Such development could affect the environment. BOEMRE is required to ascertain the existing physical, biological, and socioeconomic conditions of the submerged lands and estimate the impact of developing these lands. Data sources included the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, BOEMRE, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida Geographic Data Library, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Natural Areas Inventory, and the State of Florida, Bureau of Archeological Research. Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata are provided as attached xml files for all geographic information system (GIS) layers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3167","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey Terrestrial, Freshwater and Marine Ecosystem Program","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A., Foster, A.M., Jones, M.L., and Gualtieri, D.J., 2011, Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Coastal habitats, artificial reefs, wrecks, dumping grounds, harbor obstructions and offshore sand resources: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3167, ii, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3167.","productDescription":"ii, 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3167.jpg"},{"id":21825,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3167/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.25,24.25 ], [ -87.25,31 ], [ -90,31 ], [ -90,24.25 ], [ -87.25,24.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b18b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":28938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, Ann M. amfoster@usgs.gov","contributorId":3545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Ann","email":"amfoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Michal L.","contributorId":11179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Michal","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gualtieri, Daniel J.","contributorId":69518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gualtieri","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70004538,"text":"sim3166 - 2011 - Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Distribution of important habitats for coastal and offshore biological resources and offshore sand resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:58","indexId":"sim3166","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-03T10:01:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3166","title":"Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Distribution of important habitats for coastal and offshore biological resources and offshore sand resources","docAbstract":"The Geospatial Characteristics GeoPDF of Florida's Coastal and Offshore Environments is a comprehensive collection of geospatial data describing the political boundaries and natural resources of Florida. This interactive map provides spatial information on bathymetry, sand resources, and locations of important habitats (for example, Essential Fish Habitats (EFH), nesting areas, strandings) for marine invertebrates, fish, reptiles, birds, and marine mammals. The map should be useful to coastal resource managers and others interested in marine habitats and submerged obstructions of Florida's coastal region. In particular, as oil and gas explorations continue to expand, the map can be used to explore information regarding sensitive areas and resources in the State of Florida. Users of this geospatial database will have access to synthesized information in a variety of scientific disciplines concerning Florida's coastal zone. This powerful tool provides a one-stop assembly of data that can be tailored to fit the needs of many natural resource managers. The map was originally developed to assist the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation, and Enforcement (BOEMRE) and coastal resources managers with planning beach restoration projects. The BOEMRE uses a systematic approach in planning the development of submerged lands of the Continental Shelf seaward of Florida's territorial waters. Such development could affect the environment. BOEMRE is required to ascertain the existing physical, biological, and socioeconomic conditions of the submerged lands and estimate the impact of developing these lands. Data sources included the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, BOEMRE, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida Geographic Data Library, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Natural Areas Inventory, and the State of Florida, Bureau of Archeological Research. 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,{"id":99258,"text":"ds597 - 2011 - Locations and attributes of wind turbines in Colorado, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:51","indexId":"ds597","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"597","title":"Locations and attributes of wind turbines in Colorado, 2009","docAbstract":"The Colorado wind-turbine data series provides geospatial data for all wind turbines established within the State as of August 2009. Attributes specific to each turbine include: turbine location, manufacturer and model, rotor diameter, hub height, rotor height, potential megawatt output, land ownership, and county. Wind energy facility data for each turbine include: facility name, facility power capacity, number of turbines associated with each facility to date, facility developer, facility ownership, year the facility went online, and development status of wind facility. Turbine locations were derived from August 2009 1-meter true-color aerial photographs produced by the National Agriculture Imagery Program; the photographs have a positional accuracy of about + or - 5 meters. The location of turbines under construction during August 2009 likely will be less accurate than the location of existing turbines. \r\n\r\nThis data series contributes to an Online Interactive Energy Atlas currently (2011) in development by the U.S. Geological Survey. The Energy Atlas will synthesize data on existing and potential energy development in Colorado and New Mexico and will include additional natural resource data layers. This information may be used by decisionmakers to evaluate and compare the potential benefits and tradeoffs associated with different energy development strategies or scenarios. Interactive maps, downloadable data layers, comprehensive metadata, and decision-support tools will be included in the Energy Atlas. The format of the Energy Atlas will facilitate the integration of information about energy with key terrestrial and aquatic resources for evaluating resource values and minimizing risks from energy development. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds597","usgsCitation":"Carr, N.B., Diffendorfer, J.E., Fancher, T., Latysh, N.E., Leib, K.J., Matherne, A., and Turner, C., 2011, Locations and attributes of wind turbines in Colorado, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 597, Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds597.","productDescription":"Downloads Directory","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":14674,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/597/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_597.png"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63bf4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, Natasha B. 0000-0002-4842-0632 carrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4842-0632","contributorId":1918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Natasha","email":"carrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diffendorfer, Jay E. 0000-0003-1093-6948 jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-6948","contributorId":55137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diffendorfer","given":"Jay","email":"jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fancher, Tammy S.","contributorId":17689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fancher","given":"Tammy S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Latysh, Natalie E.","contributorId":39860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latysh","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leib, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-0373-0768 kjleib@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-0768","contributorId":701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leib","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjleib@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Matherne, Anne-Marie 0000-0002-5873-2226","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-2226","contributorId":32279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matherne","given":"Anne-Marie","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Turner, Christine cturner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Christine","email":"cturner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":99259,"text":"ds596 - 2011 - Locations and attributes of wind turbines in New Mexico, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:56","indexId":"ds596","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"596","title":"Locations and attributes of wind turbines in New Mexico, 2009","docAbstract":"The New Mexico wind-turbine data series provides geospatial data for all wind turbines established within the State as of August 2009. Attributes specific to each turbine include: turbine location, manufacturer and model, rotor diameter, hub height, rotor height, potential megawatt output, land ownership, and county. Wind energy facility data for each turbine include: facility name, facility power capacity, number of turbines associated with each facility to date, facility developer, facility ownership, year the facility went online, and development status of wind facility. Turbine locations were derived from 1-meter August 2009 true-color aerial photographs produced by the National Agriculture Imagery Program; the photographs have a positional accuracy of about + or - 5 meters. The location of turbines under construction during August 2009 likely will be less accurate than the location of existing turbines. \r\n\r\nThis data series contributes to an Online Interactive Energy Atlas currently (2011) in development by the U.S. Geological Survey. The Energy Atlas will synthesize data on existing and potential energy development in Colorado and New Mexico and will include additional natural resource data layers. This information may be used by decisionmakers to evaluate and compare the potential benefits and tradeoffs associated with different energy development strategies or scenarios. Interactive maps, downloadable data layers, comprehensive metadata, and decision-support tools will be included in the Energy Atlas. The format of the Energy Atlas will facilitate the integration of information about energy with key terrestrial and aquatic resources for evaluating resource values and minimizing risks from energy development. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds596","usgsCitation":"Carr, N.B., Diffendorfer, J.E., Fancher, T., Latysh, N.E., Leib, K.J., Matherne, A., and Turner, C., 2011, Locations and attributes of wind turbines in New Mexico, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 596, Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds596.","productDescription":"Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_596.bmp"},{"id":14675,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/596/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63bf51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, Natasha B. 0000-0002-4842-0632 carrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4842-0632","contributorId":1918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Natasha","email":"carrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diffendorfer, Jay E. 0000-0003-1093-6948 jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-6948","contributorId":55137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diffendorfer","given":"Jay","email":"jediffendorfer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fancher, Tammy S.","contributorId":17689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fancher","given":"Tammy S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Latysh, Natalie E.","contributorId":39860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latysh","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leib, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-0373-0768 kjleib@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-0768","contributorId":701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leib","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjleib@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Matherne, Anne-Marie 0000-0002-5873-2226","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-2226","contributorId":32279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matherne","given":"Anne-Marie","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Turner, Christine cturner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Christine","email":"cturner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":9001477,"text":"sim3115 - 2011 - Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Administrative and political boundaries and offshore sand resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:50","indexId":"sim3115","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3115","title":"Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Administrative and political boundaries and offshore sand resources","docAbstract":"The Geospatial Characteristics Geopdf of Florida's Coastal and Offshore Environments is a comprehensive collection of geospatial data describing the political and natural resources of Florida. This interactive map provides spatial information on bathymetry, sand resources, military areas, marine protected areas, cultural resources, locations of submerged cables, and shipping routes. The map should be useful to coastal resource managers and others interested in the administrative and political boundaries of Florida's coastal and offshore region. In particular, as oil and gas explorations continue to expand, the map may be used to explore information regarding sensitive areas and resources in the State of Florida. Users of this geospatial database will find that they have access to synthesized information in a variety of scientific disciplines concerning Florida's coastal zone. This powerful tool provides a one-stop assembly of data that can be tailored to fit the needs of many natural resource managers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3115","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey Terrestrial, Freshwater and Marine Ecosystem Program ","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A., Foster, A.M., Jones, M.L., and Gualtieri, D.J., 2011, Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Administrative and political boundaries and offshore sand resources: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3115, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3115.","productDescription":"10 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116901,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3115.jpg"},{"id":19268,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3115/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b15c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":28938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, Ann M. amfoster@usgs.gov","contributorId":3545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Ann","email":"amfoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Michal L.","contributorId":11179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Michal","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gualtieri, Daniel J.","contributorId":69518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gualtieri","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":9001476,"text":"ds585 - 2011 - EAARL Coastal Topography--Cape Canaveral, Florida, 2009: First Surface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:50","indexId":"ds585","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"585","title":"EAARL Coastal Topography--Cape Canaveral, Florida, 2009: First Surface","docAbstract":"These remotely sensed, geographically referenced elevation measurements of lidar-derived first-surface (FS) topography datasets were produced collaboratively by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Kennedy Space Center, FL. This project provides highly detailed and accurate datasets of a portion of the eastern Florida coastline beachface, acquired on May 28, 2009. The datasets are made available for use as a management tool to research scientists and natural-resource managers. An innovative airborne lidar instrument originally developed at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility, and known as the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), was used during data acquisition. The EAARL system is a raster-scanning, waveform-resolving, green-wavelength (532-nanometer) lidar designed to map near-shore bathymetry, topography, and vegetation structure simultaneously. The EAARL sensor suite includes the raster-scanning, water-penetrating full-waveform adaptive lidar, a down-looking red-green-blue (RGB) digital camera, a high-resolution multispectral color-infrared (CIR) camera, two precision dual-frequency kinematic carrier-phase GPS receivers, and an integrated miniature digital inertial measurement unit, which provide for sub-meter georeferencing of each laser sample. The nominal EAARL platform is a twin-engine aircraft, but the instrument was deployed on a Pilatus PC-6. A single pilot, a lidar operator, and a data analyst constitute the crew for most survey operations. This sensor has the potential to make significant contributions in measuring sub-aerial and submarine coastal topography within cross-environmental surveys. Elevation measurements were collected over the survey area using the EAARL system, and the resulting data were then processed using the Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS), a custom-built processing system developed in a NASA-USGS collaboration. ALPS supports the exploration and processing of lidar data in an interactive or batch mode. Modules for presurvey flight-line definition, flight-path plotting, lidar raster and waveform investigation, and digital camera image playback have been developed. Processing algorithms have been developed to extract the range to the first and last significant return within each waveform. ALPS is used routinely to create maps that represent submerged or sub-aerial topography. Specialized filtering algorithms have been implemented to determine the \"bare earth\" under vegetation from a point cloud of last return elevations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds585","usgsCitation":"Bonisteel-Cormier, J., Nayegandhi, A., Plant, N., Wright, C.W., Nagle, D., Serafin, K., and Klipp, E., 2011, EAARL Coastal Topography--Cape Canaveral, Florida, 2009: First Surface: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 585, HTML document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds585.","productDescription":"HTML document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_585.bmp"},{"id":115726,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/585/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62f445","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonisteel-Cormier, J.M.","contributorId":8060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonisteel-Cormier","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nayegandhi, Amar","contributorId":37292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nayegandhi","given":"Amar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel 0000-0002-5703-5672","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":81234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, C. W. wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":49758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nagle, D.B.","contributorId":40568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagle","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Serafin, K.S.","contributorId":88860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serafin","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Klipp, E.S.","contributorId":100340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klipp","given":"E.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":9001439,"text":"ds578 - 2011 - EAARL Coastal Topography-Cape Hatteras National Seashore, North Carolina, Post-Nor'Ida, 2009: Bare Earth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:57","indexId":"ds578","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"578","title":"EAARL Coastal Topography-Cape Hatteras National Seashore, North Carolina, Post-Nor'Ida, 2009: Bare Earth","docAbstract":"These remotely sensed, geographically referenced elevation measurements of lidar-derived bare-earth (BE) topography datasets were produced collaboratively by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL, and the National Park Service (NPS), Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network, Kingston, RI. This project provides highly detailed and accurate datasets of a portion of the National Park Service Southeast Coast Network's Cape Hatteras National Seashore in North Carolina, acquired post-Nor'Ida (November 2009 nor'easter) on November 27 and 29 and December 1, 2009. The datasets are made available for use as a management tool to research scientists and natural-resource managers. An innovative airborne lidar instrument originally developed at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility, and known as the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), was used during data acquisition. The EAARL system is a raster-scanning, waveform-resolving, green-wavelength (532-nanometer) lidar designed to map near-shore bathymetry, topography, and vegetation structure simultaneously. The EAARL sensor suite includes the raster-scanning, water-penetrating full-waveform adaptive lidar, a down-looking red-green-blue (RGB) digital camera, a high-resolution multispectral color-infrared (CIR) camera, two precision dual-frequency kinematic carrier-phase GPS receivers, and an integrated miniature digital inertial measurement unit, which provide for sub-meter georeferencing of each laser sample. The nominal EAARL platform is a twin-engine aircraft, but the instrument was deployed on a Pilatus PC-6. A single pilot, a lidar operator, and a data analyst constitute the crew for most survey operations. This sensor has the potential to make significant contributions in measuring sub-aerial and submarine coastal topography within cross-environmental surveys. Elevation measurements were collected over the survey area using the EAARL system, and the resulting data were then processed using the Airborne Lidar Processing System (ALPS), a custom-built processing system developed in a NASA-USGS collaboration. ALPS supports the exploration and processing of lidar data in an interactive or batch mode. Modules for presurvey flight-line definition, flight-path plotting, lidar raster and waveform investigation, and digital camera image playback have been developed. Processing algorithms have been developed to extract the range to the first and last significant return within each waveform. ALPS is used routinely to create maps that represent submerged or sub-aerial topography. Specialized filtering algorithms have been implemented to determine the 'bare earth' under vegetation from a point cloud of last return elevations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds578","usgsCitation":"Bonisteel-Cormier, J., Nayegandhi, A., Fredericks, X., Brock, J.C., Wright, C.W., Nagle, D., and Stevens, S., 2011, EAARL Coastal Topography-Cape Hatteras National Seashore, North Carolina, Post-Nor'Ida, 2009: Bare Earth: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 578, HTML Page-DVD, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds578.","productDescription":"HTML Page-DVD","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_578.bmp"},{"id":21889,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/578/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76,35.06666666666667 ], [ -76,36 ], [ -75.46666666666667,36 ], [ -75.46666666666667,35.06666666666667 ], [ -76,35.06666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db6971ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonisteel-Cormier, J.M.","contributorId":8060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonisteel-Cormier","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nayegandhi, Amar","contributorId":37292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nayegandhi","given":"Amar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fredericks, Xan","contributorId":35704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredericks","given":"Xan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brock, J. C.","contributorId":36095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wright, C. W. wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":49758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nagle, D.B.","contributorId":40568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagle","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stevens, Sara","contributorId":104015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Sara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":99129,"text":"sir20115025 - 2011 - Three-dimensional geologic model of the southeastern Espanola Basin, Santa Fe County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:57","indexId":"sir20115025","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5025","title":"Three-dimensional geologic model of the southeastern Espanola Basin, Santa Fe County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"This multimedia model and report show and describe digital three-dimensional faulted surfaces and volumes of lithologic units that confine and constrain the basin-fill aquifers within the Espanola Basin of north-central New Mexico. These aquifers are the primary groundwater resource for the cities of Santa Fe and Espanola, six Pueblo nations, and the surrounding areas. The model presented in this report is a synthesis of geologic information that includes (1) aeromagnetic and gravity data and seismic cross sections; (2) lithologic descriptions, interpretations, and geophysical logs from selected drill holes; (3) geologic maps, geologic cross sections, and interpretations; and (4) mapped faults and interpreted faults from geophysical data. Modeled faults individually or collectively affect the continuity of the rocks that contain the basin aquifers; they also help define the form of this rift basin. Structure, trend, and dip data not previously published were added; these structures are derived from interpretations of geophysical information and recent field observations. Where possible, data were compared and validated and reflect the complex relations of structures in this part of the Rio Grande rift.\r\n\r\nThis interactive geologic framework model can be used as a tool to visually explore and study geologic structures within the Espanola Basin, to show the connectivity of geologic units of high and low permeability between and across faults, and to show approximate dips of the lithologic units. The viewing software can be used to display other data and information, such as drill-hole data, within this geologic framework model in three-dimensional space.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20115025","usgsCitation":"Pantea, M.P., Hudson, M., Grauch, V.J., and Minor, S.A., 2011, Three-dimensional geologic model of the southeastern Espanola Basin, Santa Fe County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5025, iii, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115025.","productDescription":"iii, 18 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5025.png"},{"id":14578,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5025/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109,35 ], [ -109,38 ], [ -105,38 ], [ -105,35 ], [ -109,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b88b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pantea, Michael P. mpantea@usgs.gov","contributorId":1549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pantea","given":"Michael","email":"mpantea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudson, Mark R. 0000-0003-0338-6079 mhudson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-6079","contributorId":1236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Mark R.","email":"mhudson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minor, Scott A. 0000-0002-6976-9235 sminor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-9235","contributorId":765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Scott","email":"sminor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":99127,"text":"sir20105260 - 2011 - Regional skew for California, and flood frequency for selected sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, based on data through water year 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:40","indexId":"sir20105260","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5260","title":"Regional skew for California, and flood frequency for selected sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, based on data through water year 2006","docAbstract":"Improved flood-frequency information is important throughout California in general and in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin in particular, because of an extensive network of flood-control levees and the risk of catastrophic flooding. A key first step in updating flood-frequency information is determining regional skew. A Bayesian generalized least squares (GLS) regression method was used to derive a regional-skew model based on annual peak-discharge data for 158 long-term (30 or more years of record) stations throughout most of California. The desert areas in southeastern California had too few long-term stations to reliably determine regional skew for that hydrologically distinct region; therefore, the desert areas were excluded from the regional skew analysis for California. Of the 158 long-term stations used to determine regional skew, 145 have minimally regulated annual-peak discharges, and 13 stations are dam sites for which unregulated peak discharges were estimated from unregulated daily maximum discharge data furnished by the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers. Station skew was determined by using an expected moments algorithm (EMA) program for fitting the Pearson Type 3 flood-frequency distribution to the logarithms of annual peak-discharge data.\r\n\r\nThe Bayesian GLS regression method previously developed was modified because of the large cross correlations among concurrent recorded peak discharges in California and the use of censored data and historical flood information with the new expected moments algorithm. In particular, to properly account for these cross-correlation problems and develop a suitable regression model and regression diagnostics, a combination of Bayesian weighted least squares and generalized least squares regression was adopted. This new methodology identified a nonlinear function relating regional skew to mean basin elevation. The regional skew values ranged from -0.62 for a mean basin elevation of zero to 0.61 for a mean basin elevation of 11,000 feet. This relation between skew and elevation reflects the interaction of snow with rain, which increases with increased elevation. The equivalent record length for the new regional skew ranges from 52 to 65 years of record, depending upon mean basin elevation. The old regional skew map in Bulletin 17B, published by the Hydrology Subcommittee of the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data (1982), reported an equivalent record length of only 17 years.\r\n\r\nThe newly developed regional skew relation for California was used to update flood frequency for the 158 sites used in the regional skew analysis as well as 206 selected sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin. For these sites, annual-peak discharges having recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 years were determined on the basis of data through water year 2006. The expected moments algorithm was used for determining the magnitude and frequency of floods at gaged sites by using regional skew values and using the basic approach outlined in Bulletin \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105260","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the U.S. Forest Service\r\n","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., Veilleux, A., Stedinger, J., Barth, N., Knifong, D.L., and Ferris, J., 2011, Regional skew for California, and flood frequency for selected sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, based on data through water year 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5260, vi, 40 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105260.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p.; Appendices","temporalStart":"2005-10-01","temporalEnd":"2006-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5260.jpg"},{"id":14576,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5260/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.5,38 ], [ -124.5,42 ], [ -120,42 ], [ -120,38 ], [ -124.5,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634e37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, Charles","contributorId":9635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Veilleux, Andrea","contributorId":65212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veilleux","given":"Andrea","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stedinger, J.R.","contributorId":90733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stedinger","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barth, N.A.","contributorId":31512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barth","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knifong, Donna L. dknifong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knifong","given":"Donna","email":"dknifong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ferris, J.C.","contributorId":13731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferris","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":99085,"text":"sir20105261 - 2011 - Water budgets and groundwater volumes for abandoned underground mines in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, Schuylkill, Columbia, and Northumberland Counties, Pennsylvania: Preliminary estimates with identification of data needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-14T22:39:01.124677","indexId":"sir20105261","displayToPublicDate":"2011-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5261","title":"Water budgets and groundwater volumes for abandoned underground mines in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, Schuylkill, Columbia, and Northumberland Counties, Pennsylvania: Preliminary estimates with identification of data needs","docAbstract":"This report, prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PaDEP), the Eastern Pennsylvania Coalition for Abandoned Mine Reclamation, and the Dauphin County Conservation District, provides estimates of water budgets and groundwater volumes stored in abandoned underground mines in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, which encompasses an area of 120 square miles in eastern Pennsylvania. The estimates are based on preliminary simulations using a groundwater-flow model and an associated geographic information system that integrates data on the mining features, hydrogeology, and streamflow in the study area. The Mahanoy and Shamokin Creek Basins were the focus of the study because these basins exhibit extensive hydrologic effects and water-quality degradation from the abandoned mines in their headwaters in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield. Proposed groundwater withdrawals from the flooded parts of the mines and stream-channel modifications in selected areas have the potential for altering the distribution of groundwater and the interaction between the groundwater and streams in the area.\r\nPreliminary three-dimensional, steady-state simulations of groundwater flow by the use of MODFLOW are presented to summarize information on the exchange of groundwater among adjacent mines and to help guide the management of ongoing data collection, reclamation activities, and water-use planning. The conceptual model includes high-permeability mine voids that are connected vertically and horizontally within multicolliery units (MCUs). MCUs were identified on the basis of mine maps, locations of mine discharges, and groundwater levels in the mines measured by PaDEP. The locations and integrity of mine barriers were determined from mine maps and groundwater levels. The permeability of intact barriers is low, reflecting the hydraulic characteristics of unmined host rock and coal.\r\nA steady-state model was calibrated to measured groundwater levels and stream base flow, the latter at many locations composed primarily of discharge from mines. Automatic parameter estimation used MODFLOW-2000 with manual adjustments to constrain parameter values to realistic ranges. The calibrated model supports the conceptual model of high-permeability MCUs separated by low-permeability barriers and streamflow losses and gains associated with mine infiltration and discharge. The simulated groundwater levels illustrate low groundwater gradients within an MCU and abrupt changes in water levels between MCUs. The preliminary model results indicate that the primary result of increased pumping from the mine would be reduced discharge from the mine to streams near the pumping wells. The intact barriers limit the spatial extent of mine dewatering. Considering the simulated groundwater levels, depth of mining, and assumed bulk porosity of 11 or 40 percent for the mined seams, the water volume in storage in the mines of the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield was estimated to range from 60 to 220 billion gallons, respectively.\r\nDetails of the groundwater-level distribution and the rates of some mine discharges are not simulated well using the preliminary model. Use of the model results should be limited to evaluation of the conceptual model and its simulation using porous-media flow methods, overall water budgets for the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, and approximate storage volumes. Model results should not be considered accurate for detailed simulation of flow within a single MCU or individual flooded mine. Although improvements in the model calibration were possible by introducing spatial variability in permeability parameters and adjusting barrier properties, more detailed parameterizations have increased uncertainty because of the limited data set.\r\nThe preliminary identification of data needs includes continuous streamflow, mine discharge rate, and groundwater levels in the mines and adjacent areas. Data collected whe","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105261","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Eastern Pennsylvania Coalition for Abandoned Mine Reclamation, and Dauphin County Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Goode, D., Cravotta, C.A., Hornberger, R.J., Hewitt, M.A., Hughes, R.E., Koury, D.J., and Eicholtz, L., 2011, Water budgets and groundwater volumes for abandoned underground mines in the Western Middle Anthracite Coalfield, Schuylkill, Columbia, and Northumberland Counties, Pennsylvania: Preliminary estimates with identification of data needs: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5261, vii, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105261.","productDescription":"vii, 54 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116258,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5261.png"},{"id":410516,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95039.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5261/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Columbia County, Northumberland County, Schuylkill County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.8333,\n              40.7042\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.8333,\n              40.8653\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0431,\n              40.8653\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0431,\n              40.7042\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.8333,\n              40.7042\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goode, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8527-2456 djgoode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456","contributorId":2433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goode","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djgoode@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III, 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":2193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles","suffix":"III,","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hornberger, Roger J.","contributorId":38697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hewitt, Michael A.","contributorId":63933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hewitt","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hughes, Robert E.","contributorId":83247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koury, Daniel J.","contributorId":78067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koury","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Eicholtz, Lee W. eicholtz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eicholtz","given":"Lee W.","email":"eicholtz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70236206,"text":"70236206 - 2011 - High geologic slip rates since early Pleistocene Initiation of the San Jacinto and San Felipe fault zones in the San Andreas fault system: southern California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-30T16:42:44.911296","indexId":"70236206","displayToPublicDate":"2011-02-01T11:30:45","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High geologic slip rates since early Pleistocene Initiation of the San Jacinto and San Felipe fault zones in the San Andreas fault system: southern California, USA","docAbstract":"<p>The San Jacinto right-lateral strike-slip fault zone is crucial for understanding plate-boundary dynamics, regional slip partitioning, and seismic hazards within the San Andreas fault system of southern California, yet its age of initiation and long-term average slip rate are controversial. This synthesis of prior and new detailed studies in the western Salton Trough documents initiation of structural segments of the San Jacinto fault zone at or slightly before the 1.07-Ma base of the Jaramillo subchron. The dextral faults changed again after ca. 0.5–0.6 Ma with creation of new fault segments and folds. There were major and widespread basinal changes in the early Pleistocene when these new faults cut across the older West Salton detachment fault. We mapped and analyzed the complex fault mesh, identified structural segment boundaries along the Clark, Coyote Creek, and San Felipe fault zones, documented linkages between the major dextral faults, identified previously unknown active strands of the Coyote Creek fault 5 and 8 km NE and SW of its central strands, and showed that prior analyses of these fault zones oversimplify their complexity. The Clark fault is a zone of widely distributed faulting and folding SE of the Santa Rosa Mountains and unequivocally continues 20–25 km SE of its previously inferred termination point to the San Felipe Hills. There the Clark fault zone has been deforming basinal deposits at an average dextral slip rate of ≥10.2 +6.9/−3.3 mm/yr for ~0.5–0.6 m.y.</p><p>Five new estimates of displacement are developed here using offset successions of crystalline rocks, distinctive marker beds in the late Cenozoic basin fill, analysis of strike-slip–related fault-bend folds, quantification of strain in folds at the tips of dextral faults, and gravity, magnetic, and geomorphic data sets. Together these show far greater right slip across the Clark fault than across either the San Felipe or Coyote Creek faults, despite the Clark fault becoming “hidden” in basinal deposits at its SE end as strain disperses onto a myriad of smaller faults, strike-slip ramps and flats, transrotational systems of cross faults with strongly domain patterns, and a variety of fault-fold sets. Together the Clark and Buck Ridge–Santa Rosa faults accumulated ~16.8 +3.7/−6.0 km of right separation in their lifetime near Clark Lake. The Coyote Ridge segment of the Coyote Creek fault accumulated ~3.5 ± 1.3 km since roughly 0.8–0.9 Ma. The San Felipe fault accumulated between 4 and 12.4 km (~6.5 km preferred) of right slip on its central strands in the past 1.1–1.3 Ma at Yaqui and Pinyon ridges.</p><p>Combining the estimates of displacement with ages of fault initiation indicates a lifetime geologic slip rate of 20.1 +6.4/−9.8 mm/yr across the San Jacinto fault zone (sum of Clark, Buck Ridge, and Coyote Creek faults) and about ~5.4 +5.9/−1.4 mm/yr across the San Felipe fault zone at Yaqui and Pinyon ridges. The NW Coyote Creek fault has a lifetime slip rate of ~4.1 +1.9/−2.1 mm/yr, which is a quarter of that across the Clark fault (16.0 +4.5/−9.8 mm/yr) nearby. The San Felipe fault zone is not generally regarded as an active fault in the region, yet its lifetime slip rate exceeds those of the central and southern Elsinore and the Coyote Creek fault zones. The apparent lower slip rates across the San Felipe fault in the Holocene may reflect the transfer of strain to adjacent faults in order to bypass a contractional bend and step at Yaqui Ridge.</p><p>The San Felipe, Coyote Creek, and Clark faults all show evidence of major structural adjustments after ca. 0.6–0.5 Ma, and redistribution of strain onto new right- and left-lateral faults and folds far removed from the older central fault strands. Active faults shifted their locus and main central strands by as much as 13 km in the middle Pleistocene. These changes modify the entire upper crust and were not localized in the thin sedimentary basin fill, which is only a few kilometers thick in most of the western Salton Trough. Steep microseismic alignments are well developed beneath most of the larger active faults and penetrate basement to the base of the seismogenic crust at 10–14 km.</p><p>We hypothesize that the major structural and kinematic adjustments at ca. 0.5–0.6 Ma resulted in major changes in slip rate within the San Jacinto and San Felipe fault zones that are likely to explain the inconsistent slip rates determined from geologic (1–0.5 m.y.; this study), paleoseismic, and geodetic studies over different time intervals. The natural evolution of complex fault zones, cross faults, block rotation, and interactions within their broad damage zones might explain all the documented and implied temporal and spatial variation in slip rates. Co-variation of slip rates among the San Jacinto, San Felipe, and San Andreas faults, while possible, is not required by the available data.</p><p>Together the San Jacinto and San Felipe fault zones have accommodated ~25.5 mm/yr since their inception in early Pleistocene time, and were therefore slightly faster than the southern San Andreas fault during the same time interval. If the westward transfer of plate motion continues in southern California, the southern San Andreas fault in the Salton Trough may change from being the main plate boundary fault to defining the eastern margin of the growing Sierra Nevada microplate, as implied by other workers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2010.2475","usgsCitation":"Janecke, S.U., Dorsey, R.J., Forand, D., Steely, A.N., Kirby, S., Lutz, A., Housen, B., Belgarde, B., Langenheim, V., and Rittenour, T.M., 2011, High geologic slip rates since early Pleistocene Initiation of the San Jacinto and San Felipe fault zones in the San Andreas fault system: southern California, USA: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, v. 479, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/2010.2475.","productDescription":"48 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":405919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Jacinto and San Felipe fault zones","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.90551757812499,\n              33.15594830078649\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.521240234375,\n              33.15594830078649\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.521240234375,\n              34.298068350990825\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.90551757812499,\n              34.298068350990825\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.90551757812499,\n              33.15594830078649\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"479","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janecke, Susanne U.","contributorId":194327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Janecke","given":"Susanne","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorsey, Rebecca J.","contributorId":167712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorsey","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24813,"text":"University of Oregan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":850291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forand, David","contributorId":295964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forand","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steely, Alexander N.","contributorId":295965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steely","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirby, Stefan","contributorId":14563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lutz, Andrew","contributorId":198146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lutz","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Housen, Bernard","contributorId":30544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Housen","given":"Bernard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Belgarde, Benjamin","contributorId":295966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belgarde","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":151042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rittenour, Tammy M.","contributorId":140755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rittenour","given":"Tammy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":850299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70035869,"text":"70035869 - 2011 - Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-13T22:29:01","indexId":"70035869","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes","docAbstract":"New major and trace element abundances, and Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic ratios of Quaternary lavas from two adjacent volcanoes (South Pagan and the Central Volcanic Region, or CVR) located on Pagan Island allow us to investigate the mantle source (i.e., slab components) and melting dynamics within the Mariana intra-oceanic arc. Geologic mapping reveals a pre-caldera (780-9.4ka) and post-caldera (<9.4ka) eruptive stage for South Pagan, whereas the eruptive history of the older CVR is poorly constrained. Crystal fractionation and magma mixing were important crustal processes for lavas from both volcanoes. Geochemical and isotopic variations indicate that South Pagan and CVR lavas, and lavas from the northern volcano on the island, Mt. Pagan, originated from compositionally distinct parental magmas due to variations in slab contributions (sediment and aqueous fluid) to the mantle wedge and the extent of mantle partial melting. A mixing model based on Pb and Nd isotopic ratios suggests that the average amount of sediment in the source of CVR (~2.1%) and South Pagan (~1.8%) lavas is slightly higher than Mt. Pagan (~1.4%) lavas. These estimates span the range of sediment-poor Guguan (~1.3%) and sediment-rich Agrigan (~2.0%) lavas for the Mariana arc. Melt modeling demonstrates that the saucer-shaped normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns observed in Pagan lavas can arise from partial melting of a mixed source of depleted mantle and enriched sediment, and do not require amphibole interaction or fractionation to depress the middle REE abundances of the lavas. The modeled degree of mantle partial melting for Agrigan (2-5%), Pagan (3-7%), and Guguan (9-15%) lavas correlates with indicators of fluid addition (e.g., Ba/Th). This relationship suggests that the fluid flux to the mantle wedge is the dominant control on the extent of partial melting beneath Mariana arc volcanoes. A decrease in the amount of fluid addition (lower Ba/Th) and extent of melting (higher Sm/Yb), and an increase in the sediment contribution (higher Th/Nb, La/Sm, and Pb isotopic ratios) from Mt. Pagan to South Pagan could reflect systematic cross-arc or irregular along-arc melting variations. These observations indicate that the length scale of compositional heterogeneity in the mantle wedge beneath Mariana arc volcanoes is small (~10km).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00410-010-0592-1","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Marske, J., Pietruszka, A., Trusdell, F., and Garcia, M., 2011, Geochemistry of southern Pagan Island lavas, Mariana arc: The role of subduction zone processes: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 162, no. 2, p. 231-252, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0592-1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"252","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216409,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0592-1"},{"id":244278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pagan Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 145.703852,18.04143 ], [ 145.703852,18.176948 ], [ 145.813131,18.176948 ], [ 145.813131,18.04143 ], [ 145.703852,18.04143 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"162","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1714e4b0c8380cd5538b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marske, J.P.","contributorId":47198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marske","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pietruszka, A.J.","contributorId":52811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pietruszka","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trusdell, F. A.","contributorId":57471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garcia, M.O.","contributorId":47868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"M.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032440,"text":"70032440 - 2011 - USGS \"Did You Feel It?\" internet-based macroseismic intensity maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032440","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":793,"text":"Annals of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS \"Did You Feel It?\" internet-based macroseismic intensity maps","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) \"Did You Feel It?\" (DYFI) system is an automated approach for rapidly collecting macroseismic intensity data from Internet users' shaking and damage reports and generating intensity maps immediately following earthquakes; it has been operating for over a decade (1999-2011). DYFI-based intensity maps made rapidly available through the DYFI system fundamentally depart from more traditional maps made available in the past. The maps are made more quickly, provide more complete coverage and higher resolution, provide for citizen input and interaction, and allow data collection at rates and quantities never before considered. These aspects of Internet data collection, in turn, allow for data analyses, graphics, and ways to communicate with the public, opportunities not possible with traditional data-collection approaches. Yet web-based contributions also pose considerable challenges, as discussed herein. After a decade of operational experience with the DYFI system and users, we document refinements to the processing and algorithmic procedures since DYFI was first conceived. We also describe a number of automatic post-processing tools, operations, applications, and research directions, all of which utilize the extensive DYFI intensity datasets now gathered in near-real time. DYFI can be found online at the website http://earthquake.usgs.gov/dyfi/. ?? 2011 by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.4401/ag-5354","issn":"15935213","usgsCitation":"Wald, D., Quitoriano, V., Worden, B., Hopper, M., and Dewey, J.W., 2011, USGS \"Did You Feel It?\" internet-based macroseismic intensity maps: Annals of Geophysics, v. 54, no. 6, p. 688-707, https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-5354.","startPage":"688","endPage":"707","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475086,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-5354","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213631,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-5354"},{"id":241277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb84e4b08c986b32868d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wald, D.J. 0000-0002-1454-4514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":43809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quitoriano, V.","contributorId":22519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quitoriano","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Worden, B.","contributorId":15842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worden","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hopper, M.","contributorId":25999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopper","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dewey, J. W.","contributorId":31008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70044482,"text":"70044482 - 2011 - U.S. Geological Survey:   A synopsis of Three-dimensional Modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T11:47:27","indexId":"70044482","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"U.S. Geological Survey:   A synopsis of Three-dimensional Modeling","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is a multidisciplinary agency that provides assessments of natural resources (geological, hydrological, biological), the disturbances that affect those resources, and the disturbances that affect the built environment, natural landscapes, and human society. Until now, USGS map products have been generated and distributed primarily as 2-D maps, occasionally providing cross sections or overlays, but rarely allowing the ability to characterize and understand 3-D systems, how they change over time (4-D), and how they interact. And yet, technological advances in monitoring natural resources and the environment, the ever-increasing diversity of information needed for holistic assessments, and the intrinsic 3-D/4-D nature of the information obtained increases our need to generate, verify, analyze, interpret, confirm, store, and distribute its scientific information and products using 3-D/4-D visualization, analysis, modeling tools, and information frameworks. Today, USGS scientists use 3-D/4-D tools to (1) visualize and interpret geological information, (2) verify the data, and (3) verify their interpretations and models. 3-D/4-D visualization can be a powerful quality control tool in the analysis of large, multidimensional data sets. USGS scientists use 3-D/4-D technology for 3-D surface (i.e., 2.5-D) visualization as well as for 3-D volumetric analyses. Examples of geological mapping in 3-D include characterization of the subsurface for resource assessments, such as aquifer characterization in the central United States, and for input into process models, such as seismic hazards in the western United States.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chapter 13 in <i>Synopsis of Current Three-dimensional Geological Mapping  and Modeling in Geological Survey Organizations</i>","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Illinois State Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Jacobsen, L.J., Glynn, P.D., Phelps, G.A., Orndorff, R.C., Bawden, G.W., and Grauch, V.J., 2011, U.S. Geological Survey:   A synopsis of Three-dimensional Modeling, chap. <i>of</i> Chapter 13 in <i>Synopsis of Current Three-dimensional Geological Mapping  and Modeling in Geological Survey Organizations</i>, p. 69-79.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"79","ipdsId":"IP-024495","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273202,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/nrp/proj.bib/Publications/2011/jacobsen_glynn_etal_2011.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51af0c72e4b08a3322c2c372","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobsen, Linda J.","contributorId":9159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobsen","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glynn, Pierre D. 0000-0001-8804-7003 pglynn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7003","contributorId":2141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glynn","given":"Pierre","email":"pglynn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phelps, Geoff A.","contributorId":59328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"Geoff","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bawden, Gerald W. gbawden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"Gerald","email":"gbawden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036788,"text":"70036788 - 2011 - Mapping permeability over the surface of the Earth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-21T18:02:39.348835","indexId":"70036788","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping permeability over the surface of the Earth","docAbstract":"<p><span>Permeability, the ease of fluid flow through porous rocks and soils, is a fundamental but often poorly quantified component in the analysis of regional‐scale water fluxes. Permeability is difficult to quantify because it varies over more than 13 orders of magnitude and is heterogeneous and dependent on flow direction. Indeed, at the regional scale, maps of permeability only exist for soil to depths of 1–2 m. Here we use an extensive compilation of results from hydrogeologic models to show that regional‐scale (&gt;5 km) permeability of consolidated and unconsolidated geologic units below soil horizons (hydrolithologies) can be characterized in a statistically meaningful way. The representative permeabilities of these hydrolithologies are used to map the distribution of near‐surface (on the order of 100 m depth) permeability globally and over North America. The distribution of each hydrolithology is generally scale independent. The near‐surface mean permeability is of the order of ∼5 × 10</span><sup>−14</sup><span>&nbsp;m</span><sup>2</sup><span>. The results provide the first global picture of near‐surface permeability and will be of particular value for evaluating global water resources and modeling the influence of climate‐surface‐subsurface interactions on global climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010GL045565","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Gleeson, T., Smith, L., Moosdorf, N., Hartmann, J., Durr, H., Manning, A.H., Van Beek, L.P., and Jellinek, A.M., 2011, Mapping permeability over the surface of the Earth: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 2, L02401, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045565.","productDescription":"L02401, 6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475618,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gl045565","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217482,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045565"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a506ee4b0c8380cd6b6b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gleeson, T.","contributorId":40014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleeson","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, L.","contributorId":23477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moosdorf, N.","contributorId":102304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moosdorf","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hartmann, J.","contributorId":90573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartmann","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Durr, H.H.","contributorId":42464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durr","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Van Beek, L. P. H.","contributorId":21385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Beek","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"P. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jellinek, A. Mark","contributorId":54364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jellinek","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70034382,"text":"70034382 - 2011 - Controls on large landslide distribution and implications for the geomorphic evolution of the southern interior Columbia River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T12:00:12.727323","indexId":"70034382","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on large landslide distribution and implications for the geomorphic evolution of the southern interior Columbia River basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Large landslides (&gt;0.1 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) are important agents of geomorphic change. While most common in rugged mountain ranges, large landslides can also be widespread in relatively low-relief (several 100 m) terrain, where their distribution has been relatively little studied. A fuller understanding of the role of large landslides in landscape evolution requires addressing this gap, since the distribution of large landslides may affect broad regions through interactions with channel processes, and since the dominant controls on landslide distribution might be expected to vary with tectonic setting. We documented &gt;400 landslides between 0.1 and ∼40 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;across ∼140,000 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;of eastern Oregon, in the semiarid, southern interior Columbia River basin. The mapped landslides cluster in a NW-SE–trending band that is 50–100 km wide. Landslides predominantly occur where even modest local relief (∼100 m) exists near key contacts between weak sedimentary or volcaniclastic rock and coherent cap rock. Fault density exerts no control on landslide distribution, while ∼10% of mapped landslides cluster within 3–10 km of mapped fold axes. Landslide occurrence is curtailed to the NE by thick packages of coherent basalt and to the SW by limited local relief. Our results suggest that future mass movements will localize in areas stratigraphically preconditioned for landsliding by a geologic history of fluviolacustrine and volcaniclastic sedimentation and episodic capping by coherent lava flows. In such areas, episodic landsliding may persist for hundreds of thousands of years or more, producing valley wall slopes of ∼7°–13° and impacting local channels with an evolving array of mass movement styles.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America.","doi":"10.1130/B30061.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Safran, E., Anderson, S., Mills-Novoa, M., House, P., and Ely, L., 2011, Controls on large landslide distribution and implications for the geomorphic evolution of the southern interior Columbia River basin: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, no. 9-10, p. 1851-1862, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30061.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1851","endPage":"1862","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Southern interior Columbia River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.00488281250001,\n              41.983994270935625\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.15869140624999,\n              42.52069952914966\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.52099609375,\n              43.40504748787035\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.44384765625,\n              44.69989765840318\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.08056640625,\n              45.583289756006316\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.75048828124999,\n              44.88701247981298\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.92626953124999,\n              43.929549935614595\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.728515625,\n              41.983994270935625\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.00488281250001,\n              41.983994270935625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"123","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbd0e4b0c8380cd4df9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Safran, E.B.","contributorId":76970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safran","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, S.W.","contributorId":25628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mills-Novoa, M.","contributorId":33143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills-Novoa","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"House, P.K.","contributorId":25755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ely, L.","contributorId":105944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034845,"text":"70034845 - 2011 - ASTER spectral analysis and lithologic mapping of the Khanneshin carbonatite volcano, Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-02T15:12:45","indexId":"70034845","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ASTER spectral analysis and lithologic mapping of the Khanneshin carbonatite volcano, Afghanistan","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">Advanced Spaceborne Thermal and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data of the early Quaternary Khanneshin carbonatite volcano located in southern Afghanistan were used to identify carbonate rocks within the volcano and to distinguish them from Neogene ferruginous polymict sandstone and argillite. The carbonatitic rocks are characterized by diagnostic CO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>absorption near 11.2 μm and 2.31–2.33 μm, whereas the sandstone, argillite, and adjacent alluvial deposits exhibit intense Si-O absorption near 8.7 μm caused mainly by quartz and Al-OH absorption near 2.20 μm due to muscovite and illite.</p><p id=\"p-2\">Calcitic carbonatite was distinguished from ankeritic carbonatite in the short wave infrared (SWIR) region of the ASTER data due to a slight shift of the CO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>absorption feature toward 2.26 μm (ASTER band 7) in the ankeritic carbonatite spectra. Spectral assessment using ASTER SWIR data suggests that the area is covered by extensive carbonatite flows that contain calcite, ankerite, and muscovite, though some areas mapped as ankeritic carbonatite on a preexisting geologic map were not identified in the ASTER data. A contact aureole shown on the geologic map was defined using an ASTER false color composite image (R = 6, G = 3, B = 1) and a logical operator byte image. The contact aureole rocks exhibit Fe<sup>2+</sup>, Al-OH, and Fe, Mg-OH spectral absorption features at 1.65, 2.2, and 2.33 μm, respectively, which suggest that the contact aureole rocks contain muscovite, epidote, and chlorite. The contact aureole rocks were mapped using an Interactive Data Language (IDL) logical operator.</p><p id=\"p-3\">A visible through short wave infrared (VNIR-SWIR) mineral and rock-type map based on matched filter, band ratio, and logical operator analysis illustrates: (1) laterally extensive calcitic carbonatite that covers most of the crater and areas northeast of the crater; (2) ankeritic carbonatite located southeast and north of the crater and some small deposits located within the crater; (3) agglomerate that primarily covers the inside rim of the crater and a small area west of the crater; (4) a crater rim that consists mostly of epidote-chlorite-muscovite–rich metamorphosed argillite and sandstone; and (5) iron (Fe<sup>3+</sup>) and muscovite-illite–rich rocks and iron-rich eolian sands surrounding the western part of the volcano. The thermal infrared (TIR) rock-type map illustrates laterally extensive carbonatitic and mafic rocks surrounded by quartz-rich eolian and fluvial reworked sediments. In addition, the combination of VNIR, SWIR, and TIR data complement one another in that the TIR data illustrate more laterally extensive rock types and the VNIR-SWIR data distinguish more specific varieties of rocks and mineral mixtures.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00630.1","issn":"1553040X","usgsCitation":"Mars, J., and Rowan, L.C., 2011, ASTER spectral analysis and lithologic mapping of the Khanneshin carbonatite volcano, Afghanistan: Geosphere, v. 7, no. 1, p. 276-289, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00630.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"276","endPage":"289","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-022104","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475075,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00630.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215579,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00630.1"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e638e4b0c8380cd47274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mars, John C. jmars@usgs.gov","contributorId":127493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mars","given":"John C.","email":"jmars@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowan, Lawrence C.","contributorId":58629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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