Potassium-40 is a widespread, naturally occurring isotope whose radioactivity impacts subatomic rare-event searches, nuclear structure theory, and estimated geological ages. A predicted electron-capture decay directly to the ground state of argon-40 has never been observed. The KDK (potassium decay) collaboration reports strong evidence of this rare decay mode. A blinded analysis reveals a nonzero ratio of intensities of ground-state electron-captures (IEC0) over excited-state ones (IEC∗) of IEC0/IEC∗=0.0095stat±0.0022sys±0.0010 (68% C.L.), with the null hypothesis rejected at 4σ. In terms of branching ratio, this signal yields IEC0=0.098%stat±0.023%sys±0.010%, roughly half of the commonly used prediction, with consequences for various fields [L. Hariasz et al., companion paper, Phys. Rev. C 108, 014327 (2023)].
","language":"English","publisher":"American Physical Society","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.052503","usgsCitation":"Stukel, M., Hariasz, L., Di Stefano, P., Rasco, B., Rykaczewski, K., Brewer, N., Stracener, D., Liu, Y., Gai, Z., Rouleau, C., Carter, J.B., Kostensalo, J., Suhonen, J., Davis, H., Lukosi, E., Goetz, K., Grzywacz, R., Mancuso, M., Petricca, F., Fijalkowska, A., Wolinska-Cichocka, M., Ninkovic, J., Lechner, P., Ickert, R., Morgan, L.E., Renne, P., and Yavin, I., 2023, Rare 40K decay with implications for fundamental physics and geochronology: Physical Review Letters, v. 131, 052503, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.052503.","productDescription":"052503","ipdsId":"IP-146164","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202308244749","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419653,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stukel, M.","contributorId":317926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stukel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40753,"text":"Queen's University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hariasz, L.","contributorId":317927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hariasz","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40753,"text":"Queen's University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Di Stefano, P.C.F.","contributorId":317928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Di Stefano","given":"P.C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40753,"text":"Queen's University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rasco, B.C.","contributorId":317929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rasco","given":"B.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rykaczewski, K.P.","contributorId":317930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rykaczewski","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brewer, N.T.","contributorId":317931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brewer","given":"N.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stracener, D.W.","contributorId":317932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stracener","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Liu, Y.","contributorId":127400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6940,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gai, Z.","contributorId":317933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gai","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rouleau, C.","contributorId":317935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rouleau","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Carter, J. 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Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Lukosi, E.D.","contributorId":317943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lukosi","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Goetz, K.C.","contributorId":317944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goetz","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Grzywacz, R.K.","contributorId":317946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grzywacz","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National 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Warsaw","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Wolinska-Cichocka, M.","contributorId":317953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolinska-Cichocka","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Ninkovic, J.","contributorId":317955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ninkovic","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":69198,"text":"MPG Semiconductor Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Lechner, P.","contributorId":317957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lechner","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":69198,"text":"MPG Semiconductor Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Ickert, R.B.","contributorId":317960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ickert","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Morgan, Leah E. 0000-0001-9930-524X lemorgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-524X","contributorId":176174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Leah","email":"lemorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Renne, P.R.","contributorId":317964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renne","given":"P.R.","affiliations":[{"id":38176,"text":"Berkeley Geochronology Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Yavin, I.","contributorId":317967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yavin","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18047,"text":"n/a","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27}]}} ,{"id":70255997,"text":"70255997 - 2023 - Long-term assessment of relationships between changing environmental conditions and the physiology of southern Beaufort Sea polar bears (Ursus maritimus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-12T12:02:44.276503","indexId":"70255997","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-28T07:00:57","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term assessment of relationships between changing environmental conditions and the physiology of southern Beaufort Sea polar bears (Ursus maritimus)","docAbstract":"Climate change is influencing polar bear (Ursus maritimus) habitat, diet, and behavior but the effects of these changes on their physiology is not well understood. Blood-based biomarkers are used to assess the physiologic health of individuals but their usefulness for evaluating population health, especially as it relates to changing environmental conditions, has rarely been explored. We describe links between environmental conditions and physiologic functions of southern Beaufort Sea polar bears using data from blood samples collected from 1984 to 2018, a period marked by extensive environmental change. We evaluated associations between 13 physiologic biomarkers and circumpolar (Arctic oscillation index) and regional (wind patterns and ice-free days) environmental metrics and seasonal and demographic co-variates (age, sex, season, and year) known to affect polar bear ecology. We observed signs of dysregulation of water balance in polar bears following years with a lower annual Arctic oscillation index. In addition, liver enzyme values increased over time, which is suggestive of potential hepatocyte damage as the Arctic has warmed. Biomarkers of immune function increased with regional-scale wind patterns and the number of ice-free days over the Beaufort Sea continental shelf and were lower in years with a lower winter Arctic oscillation index, suggesting an increased allocation of energetic resources for immune processes under these conditions. We propose that the variation in polar bear immune and metabolic function is likely indicative of physiologic plasticity, a response that allows polar bears to remain in homeostasis even as they experience changes in nutrition and habitat in response to changing environments.
Uncovering relationships between landscape diversity and species interactions is crucial for predicting how ongoing land-use change and homogenization will impact the stability and persistence of communities. However, such connections have rarely been quantified in nature. We coupled high-resolution river sonar imaging with annualized energetic food webs to quantify relationships among habitat diversity, energy flux, and trophic interaction strengths in large-river food-web modules that support the endangered Pallid Sturgeon. Our results demonstrate a clear relationship between habitat diversity and species interaction strengths, with more diverse foraging landscapes containing higher production of prey and a greater proportion of weak and potentially stabilizing interactions. Additionally, rare patches of large and relatively stable river sediments intensified these effects and further reduced interaction strengths by increasing prey diversity. Our findings highlight the importance of landscape characteristics in promoting stabilizing food-web architectures and provide direct relevance for future management of imperilled species in a simplified and rapidly changing world.
Understanding the resilience of ecosystems globally is hampered by the complex and interacting drivers of change characteristic of the Anthropocene. This is true for drylands of the western US, where widespread alteration of disturbance regimes and spread of invasive non-native species occurred with westward expansion during the 1800s, including the introduction of domestic livestock and spread of Bromus tectorum, an invasive non-native annual grass. In addition, this region has experienced a multi-decadal drought not seen for at least 1200 years with potentially large and interacting impacts on native plant communities. Here, we present 24 years of twice-annual plant cover monitoring (1997–2021) from a semiarid grassland never grazed by domestic livestock but subject to a patchy invasion of B. tectorum beginning in ~1994, compare our findings to surveys done in 1967, and examine potential climate drivers of plant community changes. We found a significant warming trend in the study area, with more than 75% of study year temperatures being warmer than average (1966–2021). We observed a native perennial grass community with high resilience to climate forcings with cover values like those in 1967. In invaded patches, B. tectorum cover was greatest in the early years of this study (1997–2001; ~20%–40%) but was subsequently constrained by climate and subtle variation in soils, with limited evidence of long-term impacts to native vegetation, contradicting earlier studies. Our ability to predict year-to-year variation in functional group and species cover with climate metrics varied, with a 12-month integrated index and fall and winter patterns appearing most important. However, declines to near zero live cover in recent years in response to regional drought intensification leave questions regarding the resiliency of intact grasslands to ongoing aridification and whether the vegetation observations reported here may be a leading indicator of impending change in this protected ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.16882","usgsCitation":"Duniway, M.C., Finger-Higgens, R.A., Geiger, E.L., Hoover, D.L., Pfennigwerth, A., Knight, A.C., Van Scoyoc, M., Miller, M.E., and Belnap, J., 2023, Ecosystem resilience to invasion and drought: Insights after 24 years in a rare never-grazed grassland: Global Change Biology, v. 29, no. 20, p. 5866-5880, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16882.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"5866","endPage":"5880","ipdsId":"IP-150102","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420786,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Canyonlands National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 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Soil samples were collected from sites with current Phyostegia correllii populations and from sites with former populations in Lady Bird Lake (a reservoir of the Colorado River, Austin, Texas. A seedling emergence study was conducted under greenhouse conditions, and the presence/absence of seedling emergence was recorded for two years. Seeds germinated from the seed banks of all current and former colonies tested. The presence of seed banks in a historical site (Blunn Creek) of Physostegia correllii suggests that management to encourage the germination of seeds might help to encourage the establishment of populations of this species. The re-establishment of disturbance fugitives might be facilitated by removing overhanging ground vegetation or imposing water management regimes that mimic natural floodplain dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Botanical Research Institute of Texas","doi":"10.17348/jbrit.v17.i1.1301","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B., and Williams, C.R., 2023, Seed banks of rare Physostegia correllii (Lamiaceae) in Lady Bird Lake, Austin, Texas, U.S.A.: Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, v. 17, no. 1, p. 363-368, https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v17.i1.1301.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"368","ipdsId":"IP-140260","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442703,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v17.i1.1301","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435248,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Z2KNGL","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data Release: Seed banks of rare Physostegia correllii in Lady Bird Johnson Lake, Austin, Texas"},{"id":419744,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Austin","otherGeospatial":"Lady Bird Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.71632409287069,\n 30.24098994873829\n ],\n [\n -97.70560523792001,\n 30.252833646807105\n ],\n [\n -97.72355308807003,\n 30.251757005975477\n ],\n [\n -97.73152991035897,\n 30.25218766372423\n ],\n [\n -97.74249804100634,\n 30.264675917120925\n ],\n [\n -97.78188360105861,\n 30.286849418007208\n ],\n [\n -97.79010969904377,\n 30.284051097058665\n ],\n [\n -97.76244009672892,\n 30.264460615860244\n ],\n [\n -97.74972703620615,\n 30.259293243994193\n ],\n [\n -97.73427194302117,\n 30.245942941599353\n ],\n [\n -97.71632409287069,\n 30.24098994873829\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth 0000-0002-1220-2326","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":222689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Casey R.","contributorId":299854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Casey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":64965,"text":"BIO-WEST, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70246961,"text":"70246961 - 2023 - Closing the gap between science and management of cold-water refuges in rivers and streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-06T16:31:46.083746","indexId":"70246961","displayToPublicDate":"2023-07-19T06:53:39","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Closing the gap between science and management of cold-water refuges in rivers and streams","docAbstract":"Human activities and climate change threaten coldwater organisms in freshwater ecosystems by causing rivers and streams to warm, increasing the intensity and frequency of warm temperature events, and reducing thermal heterogeneity. Cold-water refuges are discrete patches of relatively cool water that are used by coldwater organisms for thermal relief and short-term survival. Globally, cohesive management approaches are needed that consider interlinked physical, biological, and social factors of cold-water refuges. We review current understanding of cold-water refuges, identify gaps between science and management, and evaluate policies aimed at protecting thermally sensitive species. Existing policies include designating cold-water habitats, restricting fishing during warm periods, and implementing threshold temperature standards or guidelines. However, these policies are rare and uncoordinated across spatial scales and often do not consider input from Indigenous peoples. We propose that cold-water refuges be managed as distinct operational landscape units, which provide a social and ecological context that is relevant at the watershed scale. These operational landscape units provide the foundation for an integrated framework that links science and management by (1) mapping and characterizing cold-water refuges to prioritize management and conservation actions, (2) leveraging existing and new policies, (3) improving coordination across jurisdictions, and (4) implementing adaptive management practices across scales. Our findings show that while there are many opportunities for scientific advancement, the current state of the sciences is sufficient to inform policy and management. Our proposed framework provides a path forward for managing and protecting cold-water refuges using existing and new policies to protect coldwater organisms in the face of global change.
Coal is increasingly evaluated as a source of rare earth elements (REEs) in the United States to address the overreliance on imported REEs. The objective of this study was to assess the distribution of REEs in lignites from selected mining areas in the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain region. Thirty-one archived lignite and rock samples previously collected by the U.S. Geological Survey were analyzed for their rare earth element and critical mineral content. These include samples from one core (5400 and 5500 lignite horizons) and two opencast lignite mines (Gibbons Creek 3500 and 4500 horizons, and San Miguel horizons A to D) in the Eocene Jackson Group of the Texas Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain. Some lithologies in the Gibbons Creek 3500 and 4500 lignite-bearing sections have high total rare earth, yttrium (Y), and scandium (Sc) (REYSc) values, up to 7800 ppm (ash basis) REYSc. The lignite lithologies show an enrichment in rare earths, [samarium (Sm) through gadolinium (Gd)]. The basal Gibbons Creek 3500 lignite bench shows a heavy rare earth element enrichment pattern resembling that often seen in peats through high volatile A bituminous coals. The 5500 lignite sequence, overlying the latter lignite sections, shows a light rare earth enrichment. The San Miguel lignite benches have heavy rare earth enrichments with a negative europium (Eu) anomaly.
Interventions of the host–pathogen dynamics provide strong tests of relationships, yet they are still rarely applied across multiple populations. After American bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) invaded a wildlife refuge where federally threatened Chiricahua leopard frogs (R. chiricahuensis) were reintroduced 12 years prior, managers launched a landscape-scale eradication effort to help ensure continued recovery of the native species. We used a before-after-control-impact design and environmental DNA sampling of 19 eradication sites and 18 control sites between fall 2016 and winter 2020–2021 to measure community-level responses to bullfrog eradication, including for two pathogens. Dynamic occupancy models revealed successful eradication from 94% of treatment sites. Native amphibians did not respond to bullfrog eradication, but the pathogens amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) and ranaviruses were coextirpated with bullfrogs. Our spatially replicated experimental approach provides strong evidence that management of invasive species can simultaneously reduce predation and disease risk for imperiled species.
The Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge (RFNWR) in Colorado is home to increasingly rare, xeric tallgrass prairie. The RFNWR is also located near many combustion and agricultural sources of inorganic reactive nitrogen (Nr), which emit Nr to the atmosphere. Wet atmospheric deposition of Nr was monitored at RFNWR during 2017–19 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Comparison of measured Nr deposition amounts to critical load values indicated local urban air pollution is at a level that could impair the protected RFNWR habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231027","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Wetherbee, G.A., 2023, Atmospheric deposition of inorganic reactive nitrogen at the Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge, 2017–19: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1027, 1 sheet, available at https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231027.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 40.00 × 30.00 inches; Data Release; Project Site","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-136270","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418692,"rank":4,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://nadp.slh.wisc.edu/","text":"National Atmospheric Deposition Program"},{"id":418689,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1027/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":418690,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1027/ofr20231027.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2023-1027"},{"id":418691,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OOIQ0E","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Chemical analyses and precipitation depth data for wet deposition samples collected as part of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program in the Colorado Front Range, 2017-2019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.26103714983329,\n 39.95142757778845\n ],\n [\n -105.26103714983329,\n 39.83241452322963\n ],\n [\n -105.11415803005896,\n 39.83241452322963\n ],\n [\n -105.11415803005896,\n 39.95142757778845\n ],\n [\n -105.26103714983329,\n 39.95142757778845\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Observing Systems Division
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Streamflow-duration assessment methods (SDAMs) are rapid, indicator-based tools for classifying streamflow duration (e.g., intermittent vs perennial flow) at the reach scale. Indicators are easily assessed stream properties used as surrogates of flow duration, which is too resource intensive to measure directly for many reaches. Invertebrates are commonly used as SDAM indicators because many are not highly mobile, and different species have life stages that require flow for different durations and times of the year. The objectives of this study were to 1) identify invertebrate taxa that can be used as SDAM indicators to distinguish between stream reaches having intermittent and perennial flow, 2) to compare indicator strength across different taxonomic and numeric resolutions, and 3) to assess the relative importance of season and habitat type on the ability of invertebrates to predict streamflow-duration class. We used 2 methods, random forest models and indicator species analysis, to analyze aquatic and terrestrial invertebrate data (presence/absence, density, and biomass) at the family and genus levels from 370 samples collected from both erosional and depositional habitats during both wet and dry seasons. In total, 36 intermittent and 53 perennial reaches were sampled along 31 forested headwater streams in 4 level II ecoregions across the United States. Random forest models for family- and genus-level datasets had stream classification accuracy ranging from 88.9 to 93.2%, with slightly higher accuracy for density than for presence/absence and biomass datasets. Season (wet/dry) tended to be a stronger predictor of streamflow-duration class than habitat (erosional/depositional). Many taxa at the family (58.8%) and genus level (61.6%) were collected from both intermittent and perennial reaches, and most taxa that were exclusive to 1 streamflow-duration class were rarely collected. However, 23 family-level or higher taxa (20 aquatic and 3 terrestrial) and 44 aquatic genera were identified as potential indicators of streamflow-duration class for forested headwater streams. The utility of the potential indicators varied across level II ecoregions in part because of representation of intermittent and perennial reaches in the dataset but also because of variable ecological responses to drying among species. Aquatic invertebrates have been an important field indicator of perennial reaches in existing SDAMs, but our findings highlight how including aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates as indicators of intermittent reaches can further maximize the data collected for streamflow-duration classifications.
Crayfish have experienced extensive assemblage reorganization as a result of global change, with some species becoming globally invasive and others becoming rare or extinct. We combined historical and contemporary sampling data to determine temporal trends of crayfish assemblages of Wyoming, USA, identifying winners and losers over a ½ century of change (1969–2020). We first documented range expansions of several species, including the Virile Crayfish Faxonius virilis (Hagen, 1870), Ringed Crayfish Faxonius neglectus (Faxon, 1885), and Rusty Crayfish Faxonius rusticus (Girard, 1852) as well as range contractions of the Calico Crayfish Faxonius immunis (Hagen, 1870) and Pilose Crayfish Pacifastacus gambelii (Girard, 1852). We then used multispecies occupancy models to investigate potential mechanisms behind the replacement of F. immunis by F. virilis as the most commonly detected crayfish species in Wyoming over time. We hypothesized that F. virilis is more likely to competitively displace F. immunis from more permanent waterbodies, whereas F. immunis is more likely to persist in more ephemeral habitats because of its superior burrowing ability and tolerance of low dissolved oxygen concentrations. Our occupancy models supported this prediction, with F. immunis occupancy declining at more permanent sites in the presence of F. virilis, but F. immunis occupancy was unaffected by F. virilis in less permanent sites. We also found positive associations of F. virilis occupancy and detection probability with water temperature, suggesting that warmer streams may be more vulnerable to new invasions or spread by this species in nonnative regions of western North America. Our results highlight the value of regular, statewide crayfish surveys through documenting substantial changes in Wyoming’s crayfish assemblage structure that may be driven by habitat-mediated competitive interactions.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/725318","usgsCitation":"Newkirk, B., Larson, E.R., Walker, A.D., and Walters, A.W., 2023, Winners and losers over a ½ century of change in crayfish assemblages of Wyoming, USA: Freshwater Science, v. 42, no. 2, p. 146-160, https://doi.org/10.1086/725318.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"160","ipdsId":"IP-139290","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":429757,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"42","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newkirk, Braxton","contributorId":302721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newkirk","given":"Braxton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":65540,"text":"Nebraska Cooperative Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, Eric R.","contributorId":175281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16989,"text":"University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, Andrew D.","contributorId":337329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70256437,"text":"70256437 - 2023 - Green turtle fibropapillomatosis: Tumor morphology and growth rate in a rehabilitation setting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-01T16:48:03.172139","indexId":"70256437","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-29T11:39:02","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5820,"text":"Veterinary Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Green turtle fibropapillomatosis: Tumor morphology and growth rate in a rehabilitation setting","docAbstract":"Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a neoplastic disease most often found in green turtles (Chelonia mydas). Afflicted turtles are burdened with potentially debilitating tumors concentrated externally on the soft tissues, plastron, and eyes and internally on the lungs, kidneys, and the heart. Clinical signs occur at various levels, ranging from mild disease to severe debilitation. Tumors can both progress and regress in affected turtles, with outcomes ranging from death due to the disease to complete regression. Since its official description in the scientific literature in 1938, tumor growth rates have been rarely documented. In addition, FP tumors come in two very different morphologies; yet, to our knowledge, there have been no quantified differences in growth rates between tumor types. FP tumors are often rugose in texture, with a polypoid to papillomatous morphology, and may or may not be pedunculated. In other cases, tumors are smooth, with a skin-like surface texture and little to no papillose structures. In our study, we assessed growth-rate differences between rugose and smooth tumor morphologies in a rehabilitation setting. We measured average biweekly tumor growth over time in green turtles undergoing rehabilitation at the University of Florida Whitney Laboratory Sea Turtle Hospital in St. Augustine, Florida, and compared growth between rugose and smooth tumors. Our results demonstrate that both rugose and smooth tumors follow a similar active growth progression pattern, but rugose tumors grew at significantly faster rates (p = 0.013) than smooth ones. We also documented regression across several examined tumors, ranging from −0.19% up to −10.8% average biweekly negative growth. Our study offers a first-ever assessment of differential growth between tumor morphologies and an additional diagnostic feature that may lead to a more comprehensive understanding and treatment of the disease. We support the importance of tumor morphological categorization (rugose versus smooth) being documented in future FP hospital- and field-based health assessments.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/vetsci10070421","usgsCitation":"Manes, C., Herren, R., Page, A., Dunlap, F., Skibicki, C., Rollinson Ramia, D.R., Farrell, J.A., Capua, I., Carthy, R.R., and Duffy, D.J., 2023, Green turtle fibropapillomatosis: Tumor morphology and growth rate in a rehabilitation setting: Veterinary Sciences, v. 10, no. 7, 421, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10070421.","productDescription":"421, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153769","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":442907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10070421","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manes, Costanza","contributorId":340560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manes","given":"Costanza","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herren, Richard M.","contributorId":340561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herren","given":"Richard M.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Page, Annie","contributorId":340563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Page","given":"Annie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunlap, Faith","contributorId":340565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunlap","given":"Faith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Skibicki, Chris","contributorId":340567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skibicki","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rollinson Ramia, Devon R.","contributorId":340569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rollinson Ramia","given":"Devon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Farrell, Jessica A.","contributorId":340572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farrell","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":81632,"text":"Florida Atlantic University Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Capua, Ilaria","contributorId":340573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Capua","given":"Ilaria","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37540,"text":"John Hopkins University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Carthy, Raymond R. 0000-0001-8978-5083 rayc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8978-5083","contributorId":3685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carthy","given":"Raymond","email":"rayc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Duffy, David J.","contributorId":340574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duffy","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70245380,"text":"70245380 - 2023 - Condition and coloration of lingual lures of Alligator Snapping Turtles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-10T13:24:10.48886","indexId":"70245380","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-14T06:51:30","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Condition and coloration of lingual lures of Alligator Snapping Turtles","docAbstract":"The lingual lures of Macrochelys (alligator snapping turtles) are believed to be the only prey-capturing lures within the mouths of modern reptiles. To date, no formal assessment of lure condition in Macrochelys has been published, and few researchers record lure data. Herein, we report damaged or missing lures from 25 Macrochelys temminckii (Alligator Snapping Turtle; 7 adults, 18 juveniles) from a sample of more than 2000 lure assessments in 4 states, indicating this is a rare occurrence. We also describe lingual lure color observed in these assessments and introduce standardized terminology and color categories. We suggest researchers record data on the condition and coloration of the lingual lure to further our understanding of this ecological and evolutionary adaptation.
Biodiversity is responsible for important ecological processes like productivity and ecosystem stability, and rare species are a major component of biodiversity. Rarity increases a species' vulnerability to disturbances and also makes them difficult to study. Globally, species of freshwater systems are some of the most threatened, and evaluation of rare freshwater species and their habitats is needed to help preserve natural flexibility and ecological function. We conducted an analysis of full fish communities of the upper St. Lawrence River and its major US tributaries, with the goals of determining species locations and abundances, associated environmental conditions, the distribution of distinct fish assemblages across the landscape (with emphasis on communities supporting rare species), and potential threats. From 2009 to 2015, the US Geological Survey (USGS) and Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe (SRMT) worked together using standardized methods to collect community samples within 4 different aquatic realms (shallow and deep lentic, and small and large lotic systems) and determine species-specific fish abundances, frequencies of occurrence, and associated habitat signatures and spatial distributions. Distinct fish assemblages and associated habitat conditions were objectively identified by multivariate and hypothesis-testing methods. We used a geographic information system (GIS) to spatially associate habitat, biotic, and landscape attributes within each stream reach throughout the study area, facilitating quantification of distribution patterns. Comparisons with historical data provided estimates of loss or gain of threatened and endangered species (T&E) colonies. We developed a disturbance index to highlight potential threats to aquatic species. More than 140,000 fishes of 87 species were collected from a total of 1140 sample sites, covering 278 stream reaches, including the endangered Notropis anogenus (Pugnose Shiner), and threatened Hiodon tergisus (Mooneye), Etheostoma pellucidum (Eastern Sand Darter), and Acipenser fulvescens (Lake Sturgeon). We identified 50 distinct fish assemblages differing in species composition, abundance, and/or diversity, but only 13 of those assemblages included a T&E species. The rareness, extent, and patchiness of fish assemblages created a mosaic of fish communities across the landscape, from headwaters to the mainstem of the St. Lawrence River. Comparisons with historic surveys (1978–2008) showed a stable number of T&E species colonies or an increase for some species. The geographic distribution of multimetric disturbance index values showed where combinations of disturbances to fish habitats might affect rare fish species and aquatic communities in the region. The species–habitat associations and fish assemblage distributions can be used for evaluation of species, communities, or habitats that may need protection or restoration.
Native bunchgrass communities dominated by Stipa pulchra are widely distributed in California but share dominance with non-native annual grasses. Restoration of these grasslands focuses on altering the balance of native to non-native grasses to favor the former. This study investigated the impact of burning on vegetation recovery. In the first postfire year burning showed a 70% reduction in cover of non-native annual grasses (Bromus diandrus exhibited the greatest reduction) and minimal impact on S. pulchra recovery. In the following 3 years, S. pulchra recovered to levels comparable to controls, whereas the annual grasses remained below control levels until the fifth year. Also, in response to reduced annual grass cover on burned sites several species of non-native Erodium increased from 10 to 30% relative cover, however, the low growth form of these forbs presented a less competitive threat to bunchgrasses than the non-native annual grasses, and by the third postfire year returned to near control levels. The rare native geophyte Brodiaea kinkiensis was present throughout these grasslands and was not inhibited by burning treatments. To document the reliability of these patterns a second prescription burn was conducted on these sites 5 years after the first burn and vegetation recovery followed for the subsequent 4 years. Patterns observed after the first burn were duplicated following the second burn. The cover of S. pulchra varied in response to precipitation, with the 95% credible intervals of precipitation parameters overlapping zero, however, the cover of non-native grasses varied greatly with precipitation and had similar trajectories in unburned and burned plots.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.13939","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., Klinger, R.C., Brennan, T.J., Lawson, D.M., La Grange, J., and Berg, K.N., 2023, A decade-long study of repeated prescription burning in California native grassland restoration: Restoration Ecology, v. 31, no. 7, e13939, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13939.","productDescription":"e13939, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-138791","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418050,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Channel Islands, Pacific Ocean, San Clemente Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.51728432986859,\n 32.90540555225188\n ],\n [\n 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brennan, Teresa J. 0000-0002-0646-3298 tjbrennan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-3298","contributorId":4323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Teresa","email":"tjbrennan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawson, Dawn M.","contributorId":221847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawson","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40440,"text":"U.S. Navy's NIWC, Environmental Sciences Branch, San Diego, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"La Grange, John","contributorId":306254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"La Grange","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16175,"text":"San Diego Natural History Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berg, Kathryn N.","contributorId":306255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berg","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":66390,"text":"Independant Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70256467,"text":"70256467 - 2023 - Parental infanticide by egg destruction in Red-billed Tropicbirds Phaethon aethereus on the Caribbean island of Sint Eustatius","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-05T21:27:52.113072","indexId":"70256467","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-01T16:20:47","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"displayTitle":"Parental infanticide by egg destruction in Red-billed Tropicbirds Phaethon aethereus on the Caribbean island of Sint Eustatius","title":"Parental infanticide by egg destruction in Red-billed Tropicbirds Phaethon aethereus on the Caribbean island of Sint Eustatius","docAbstract":"Avian reproduction is a process that requires extensive energetic input by parents, particularly in pelagic seabirds. Parental infanticide has rarely been reported in pelagic seabirds, and its frequency among taxa is therefore difficult to determine. Using data from remote cameras, two cases of probable parental infanticide in Red-billed Tropicbirds Phaethon aethereus were captured on Sint Eustatius in the 2021–2022 breeding season. Both cases are presented with images collected from remote cameras as evidence. While appearing counterproductive, parental infanticide may provide an alternative reproduction strategy that favors lifetime reproductive success over short term success.
","language":"English","publisher":"Marine Ornithology","usgsCitation":"Danielson-Owczynsky, H., Madden, H., and Jodice, P.G., 2023, Parental infanticide by egg destruction in Red-billed Tropicbirds Phaethon aethereus on the Caribbean island of Sint Eustatius, v. 51, p. 261-264.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"264","ipdsId":"IP-142986","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":432214,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":432213,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"http://www.marineornithology.org/article?rn=1543","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Sint Eustatius","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -62.948417049587604,\n 17.47103830623317\n ],\n [\n -62.94469941406847,\n 17.48607063683737\n ],\n [\n -62.95027712961014,\n 17.493081965059403\n ],\n [\n -62.970022237168905,\n 17.502171326137145\n ],\n [\n -62.97179686663267,\n 17.50113097404507\n ],\n [\n -62.98037200306398,\n 17.50761358142786\n ],\n [\n -62.97887198769814,\n 17.513853526816845\n ],\n [\n -62.9820022287205,\n 17.517753747929973\n ],\n [\n -62.989206557899905,\n 17.516285014310455\n ],\n [\n -62.99139741625572,\n 17.525155934946795\n ],\n [\n -62.99965464512201,\n 17.526236492388534\n ],\n [\n -63.001609276540904,\n 17.514637968270975\n ],\n [\n -63.000091975250285,\n 17.51370943845272\n ],\n [\n -63.00471344727944,\n 17.504110870698966\n ],\n [\n -62.99834159465455,\n 17.48801708555095\n ],\n [\n -62.988396678596345,\n 17.481539841887752\n ],\n [\n -62.98363611326876,\n 17.46879566952495\n ],\n [\n -62.972344622468256,\n 17.463240631776415\n ],\n [\n -62.95681196777767,\n 17.46450906367292\n ],\n [\n -62.948417049587604,\n 17.47103830623317\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danielson-Owczynsky, Hailley","contributorId":340742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Danielson-Owczynsky","given":"Hailley","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81655,"text":"Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madden, Hannah","contributorId":340743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madden","given":"Hannah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37803,"text":"Wageningen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":219852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70243075,"text":"70243075 - 2023 - Geochronology and mapping constraints on the time-space evolution of the igneous and hydrothermal systems in the Taurus Cu-Mo district, eastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-12T15:23:34.75519","indexId":"70243075","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-01T06:36:20","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochronology and mapping constraints on the time-space evolution of the igneous and hydrothermal systems in the Taurus Cu-Mo district, eastern Alaska","docAbstract":"The Taurus porphyry Cu-Mo district contains four mineralized porphyry centers in the eastern interior of Alaska. All four centers were emplaced during a magmatic episode that spanned from ca. 72 to 67 Ma, with seven distinct igneous suites. Each igneous suite resulted in hydrothermal alteration and mineralization, with younger pulses overprinting older pulses. Each magmatic-hydrothermal system is not present at all four mineralized centers. Apart from the Dennison occurrence, each mineralized center records pulses of repeated intermediate-silicic magmatism and associated alteration and mineralization.
Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry U-Pb zircon crystallization ages indicate that an early quartz porphyry dike swarm ranges in age from ca. 71 to 70 Ma and is associated with potassic, sericitic, and propylitic alteration. Quartz latite intrusions were emplaced at ca. 69 Ma and exhibit early sodiccalcic alteration overprinted by potassic, sericitic, and propylitic alteration. The Taurus monzonite suite is cut by quartz latite but yielded an ca. 70 Ma emplacement age and exhibits the largest footprint of potassic and sericitic alteration. Feldspar porphyry dikes were emplaced ca. 69 Ma and have significant tourmaline-bearing potassic and sericitic alteration. This suite was followed by development of an igneous breccia with a monzonitic igneous matrix. Sodic-calcic alteration was associated with the igneous brecciation. A small stock of monzonite was emplaced at ca. 68 Ma causing locally pervasive sericite-tourmaline-pyrite alteration. The youngest suite of magmatism dated in the district is a series of granodiorite porphyry dikes with weak sodic-calcic and propylitic alteration that truncates earlier alteration assemblages.
Mineralization in the district consists of chalcopyrite and molybdenite associated with sugary quartz veins with potassium feldspar and biotite alteration envelopes (A veins). Less common banded quartz-molybdenite veins (B veins) occur with potassium feldspar envelopes. Gold occurs throughout the district and is strongly correlated with copper grade. Sericitic alteration contains lower copper contents and is predominantly associated with quartz-pyrite veins with sericite envelopes (D veins). Pyrrhotite and local arsenopyrite are present in sericitic assemblages. Pyrrhotite also occurs as inclusions in pyrite within D veins.
Magmas across the district exhibit oxidized characteristics, evidenced by the presence of abundant magnetite, rare titanite, and elevated Eu/Eu* and Ce/Ce* in zircon. Zircon Th/U and Yb/Gd compositions suggest a fractionation path controlled by apatite, titanite, and hornblende. Zircon rare earth element ratios and trace element data indicate two distinct batches of magma evolved from mafic parental compositions to monzonite and granodioritic compositions via fractional crystallization. In the early pulse of magma (ca. 72–69 Ma), fractional crystallization was key to ore formation. Earlier, better mineralized suites evolve to less negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* > 0.7), indicating more oxidized and higher-water-pressure conditions evidenced by the suppression of plagioclase crystallization, compared to later, more poorly mineralized suites.
The temporal and spatial evolution of the district was determined from mapping and U-Pb and Re-Os geochronology. Mapping of igneous and hydrothermal assemblages indicates that the locus of the intrusive suites and hydrothermal systems shifted spatially over time, based on the presence of high-temperature (K-silicate–dominant) alteration, which is coincident with the highest Cu and Au grades. The earliest hydrothermal system was centered at Bluff and East Taurus and transitioned to West Taurus during emplacement of the second magmatic suite. Emplacement of the third magmatic suite was centered back at East Taurus, and the fourth and fifth suites were centered at West Taurus. The latest suites were widespread without a core of high-temperature alteration marking a central locus. East Taurus contains the overlap of six of the seven magmatic and hydrothermal suites and has the highest intersected grades and tonnages in the district. The Bluff and Dennison occurrences exhibit fewer igneous suites and hydrothermal assemblages with weak mineralization. Sodic-calcic alteration, common on the deep and distal flanks of porphyry systems, is only present at West Taurus and is indicative of a localized source of high-salinity nonmagmatic fluids.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/econgeo.4999","usgsCitation":"Kreiner, D.C., Holm-Denoma, C., Pianowski, L., Flood, Z., Stevenson, D.J., Graham, G.E., Vazquez, J.A., and Creaser, R.A., 2023, Geochronology and mapping constraints on the time-space evolution of the igneous and hydrothermal systems in the Taurus Cu-Mo district, eastern Alaska: Economic Geology, v. 118, no. 4, p. 745-778, https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4999.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"745","endPage":"778","ipdsId":"IP-136126","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":435302,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RANVXY","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"U-Pb zircon data for igneous units related to mineralization in the eastern Yukon-Tanana upland, eastern Alaska"},{"id":435301,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P972SF7V","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Re-Os Geochronologic Data for Porphyry Deposits in the Yukon-Tanana Upland, Eastern Alaska"},{"id":435300,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q6GYMH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Zircon Trace Element Data for Igneous Units Related to Mineralization in the Eastern Yukon-Tanana Upland and nearby areas, Eastern Alaska"},{"id":416484,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon Territory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.83742916901255,\n 65.07747914096919\n ],\n [\n -148.81156301688165,\n 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0000-0003-3229-5440","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3229-5440","contributorId":219763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm-Denoma","given":"Christopher S.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":870925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pianowski, Laura 0000-0002-5346-8251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5346-8251","contributorId":218817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pianowski","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":870926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flood, Zachary","contributorId":304555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flood","given":"Zachary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66101,"text":"Kenorland Minerals","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":870927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stevenson, David J.","contributorId":211426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevenson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":870928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Graham, Garth E. 0000-0003-0657-0365 ggraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-0365","contributorId":1031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Garth","email":"ggraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":870929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":870930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Creaser, Robert A 0000-0002-7672-035X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7672-035X","contributorId":304556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Creaser","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":870931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70249264,"text":"70249264 - 2023 - Global responses to the COVID-19 pandemic by recreational anglers: Considerations for developing more resilient and sustainable fisheries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-03T12:19:43.949224","indexId":"70249264","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-30T07:18:00","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3278,"text":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global responses to the COVID-19 pandemic by recreational anglers: Considerations for developing more resilient and sustainable fisheries","docAbstract":"The global COVID-19 pandemic resulted in many jurisdictions implementing orders restricting the movements of people to inhibit virus transmission, with recreational angling often either not permitted or access to fisheries and/or related infrastructure being prevented. Following the lifting of restrictions, initial angler surveys and licence sales suggested increased participation and effort, and altered angler demographics, but with evidence remaining limited. Here, we overcome this evidence gap by identifying temporal changes in angling interest, licence sales, and angling effort in world regions by comparing data in the ‘pre-pandemic’ (up to and including 2019); ‘acute pandemic’ (2020) and ‘COVID-acclimated’ (2021) periods. We then identified how changes can inform the development of more resilient and sustainable recreational fisheries. Interest in angling (measured here as angling-related internet search term volumes) increased substantially in all regions during 2020. Patterns in licence sales revealed marked increases in some countries during 2020 but not in others. Where licence sales increased, this was rarely sustained in 2021; where there were declines, these related to fewer tourist anglers due to movement restrictions. Data from most countries indicated a younger demographic of people who participated in angling in 2020, including in urban areas, but this was not sustained in 2021. These short-lived changes in recreational angling indicate efforts to retain younger anglers could increase overall participation levels, where efforts can target education in appropriate angling practices and create more urban angling opportunities. These efforts would then provide recreational fisheries with greater resilience to cope with future global crises, including facilitating the ability of people to access angling opportunities during periods of high societal stress.
Earthquakes can impart varying degrees of damage and permanent, inelastic strain on materials, potentially resulting in ruptures that may promote hazards such as landslides and other collapse events. However, the accumulation of damage in rocks under the frequency and amplitude of shaking experienced during earthquake events is rarely systematically measured due to technical limitations. Here, we characterize damage evolution during laboratory experiments on a suite of dacitic rocks from Unzen volcano, Japan, to help resolve accumulated damage and landslide susceptibility of lava domes during regional earthquake events. Damage was imparted during slow (time-dependent creep) and fast (stress-oscillation earthquake simulations) uniaxial loading in compression and tension. Damage evolution is approximated from strain during experiments; all samples accumulate strain during earthquake events, but microfracture-dominated samples tend to be more susceptible to damage than vesicle-dominated samples. The orientation of existing fabrics with respect to loading direction dictates the magnitude of strain accumulation under load oscillations. During each “earthquake” experiment of multiple dynamic stress-oscillations, samples accumulate inelastic strain. The strain imparted during each successive event is initially high and then reduces after 5-7 events, except when stressing results in failure. The strain rate during phases of intermittent stressing tends to be higher than prior to them. Understanding the accumulation of damage and the potential for brittle failure of rocks subjected to earthquakes can help define the origin and timing of certain landslides, rockfalls, lava dome collapses, and other failure events.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Aberdeen","doi":"10.55575/tektonika2023.1.1.10","usgsCitation":"Schaefer, L.N., Kendrick, J.E., Lavallee, Y., Schauroth, J., Lamb, O.D., Lamur, A., Miwa, T., and Kennedy, B.M., 2023, Laboratory simulation of earthquake-induced damage in lava dome rocks: Tektonika, v. 1, no. 1, p. 112-126, https://doi.org/10.55575/tektonika2023.1.1.10.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"112","endPage":"126","ipdsId":"IP-142493","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443423,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.55575/tektonika2023.1.1.10","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435322,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P94CMZVO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for Laboratory simulation of earthquake-induced damage in lava dome rocks"},{"id":417329,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Unzen","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 130.29780163613702,\n 32.74920624228574\n ],\n [\n 130.29880464572108,\n 32.748209281232675\n ],\n [\n 130.30333338597222,\n 32.748541602823735\n ],\n [\n 130.3097161742437,\n 32.75488103882502\n ],\n [\n 130.31081036651824,\n 32.76001871840374\n ],\n [\n 130.31050642421906,\n 32.76157785606482\n ],\n [\n 130.3079229146806,\n 32.76234463506334\n ],\n [\n 130.30345496289033,\n 32.76203792425589\n ],\n [\n 130.29777124190565,\n 32.764747166495255\n ],\n [\n 130.29318171319733,\n 32.76459381536233\n ],\n [\n 130.28904809793573,\n 32.762523549212375\n ],\n [\n 130.287346021063,\n 32.7590218783795\n ],\n [\n 130.2894432229234,\n 32.75559675325228\n ],\n [\n 130.29184436708283,\n 32.75452317945445\n ],\n [\n 130.29524852082812,\n 32.75480435479531\n ],\n [\n 130.296190741953,\n 32.75122569330317\n ],\n [\n 130.29780163613702,\n 32.74920624228574\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaefer, Lauren N. 0000-0003-3216-7983","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3216-7983","contributorId":241997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":873485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendrick, Jackie E. 0000-0001-5106-3587","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5106-3587","contributorId":301159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kendrick","given":"Jackie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":47800,"text":"Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lavallee, Yan 0000-0003-4766-5758","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4766-5758","contributorId":301160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lavallee","given":"Yan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47800,"text":"Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schauroth, Jenny 0000-0003-4802-2893","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4802-2893","contributorId":305664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schauroth","given":"Jenny","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16977,"text":"University of Liverpool","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamb, Oliver D. 0000-0002-2254-4258","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2254-4258","contributorId":305665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamb","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36277,"text":"GNS Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lamur, Anthony 0000-0002-9977-0085","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-0085","contributorId":301158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamur","given":"Anthony","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47800,"text":"Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miwa, Takahiro 0000-0003-1041-4832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1041-4832","contributorId":305668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miwa","given":"Takahiro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47718,"text":"National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kennedy, Ben M. 0000-0001-7235-6493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7235-6493","contributorId":270276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37172,"text":"University of Canterbury","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70244257,"text":"70244257 - 2023 - Future climate-induced changes in mixing and deep oxygen content of a caldera lake with hydrothermal heat and salt inputs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-09T12:01:12.277301","indexId":"70244257","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-18T06:55:57","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Future climate-induced changes in mixing and deep oxygen content of a caldera lake with hydrothermal heat and salt inputs","docAbstract":"Vertical profiles of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen in Crater Lake, a caldera lake in the Oregon Cascade Range that receives hydrothermal inputs of heat and salt, were simulated with a 1-dimensional model. Twelve Global Circulation Models and two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) were used to develop boundary conditions from 1950 to 2099. The model simulated the ventilation of deep water initiated by reverse stratification and subsequent thermobaric instability. All models predicted a reduction in the frequency of deep ventilation events, from an ensemble median frequency of 5.4 winters decade−1 during 1950–2005 to 4.3 (RCP4.5) or 2.5 (RCP8.5) winters decade−1 during 2045–2099. Favorable conditions for thermobaric instability-induced mixing currently occur infrequently and will become rare in the future. The salinity gradient resulting from hydrothermal inputs presents an additional barrier to thermobaric instability that will continue through 2099. A redistribution of salt to the deep lake may prevent ventilation all the way to the bottom in the future. Hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen percent saturation remained above 75% within the 21st century, consistent with oligotrophy and very small oxygen demands. The rate of change in all variables accelerated approaching 2099, coincident with elimination of winter reverse stratification. Historically, about half of the hydrothermal heat added to Crater Lake has been vented to the atmosphere. In the RCP8.5 scenario, the hydrothermal heat will cease to be vented to the atmosphere by the end of the 21st century, and then the temperature of the deep waters will increase rapidly.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2023.03.014","usgsCitation":"Wood, T.M., Wherry, S., Piccolroaz, S., and Girdner, S.F., 2023, Future climate-induced changes in mixing and deep oxygen content of a caldera lake with hydrothermal heat and salt inputs: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 49, no. 3, p. 563-580, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2023.03.014.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"580","ipdsId":"IP-150869","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443494,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2023.03.014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96NLDLX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"1-D Deep Ventilation (1DDV) model for Crater Lake, Oregon, 1950-2100"},{"id":417960,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Crater Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.2356963721314,\n 43.03291163525574\n ],\n [\n -122.2356963721314,\n 42.848854312940176\n ],\n [\n -121.96965348050013,\n 42.848854312940176\n ],\n [\n -121.96965348050013,\n 43.03291163525574\n ],\n [\n -122.2356963721314,\n 43.03291163525574\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Tamara M. 0000-0001-6057-8080 tmwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-8080","contributorId":1164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Tamara","email":"tmwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wherry, Susan 0000-0002-6749-8697 swherry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6749-8697","contributorId":140159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wherry","given":"Susan","email":"swherry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piccolroaz, Sebastiano","contributorId":297277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piccolroaz","given":"Sebastiano","affiliations":[{"id":64342,"text":"University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Trento, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Girdner, Scott F","contributorId":168526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Girdner","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[{"id":5106,"text":"National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, Mammoth, Wyoming 82190","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":875052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70243670,"text":"70243670 - 2023 - Status and trends of the Lake Huron prey fish community, 1976-2022","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-29T15:29:19.922974","indexId":"70243670","displayToPublicDate":"2023-05-16T10:26:17","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"Status and trends of the Lake Huron prey fish community, 1976-2022","docAbstract":"The United States Geological Survey-Great Lakes Science Center has monitored annual changes in the offshore prey fish community of Lake Huron since 1973. Monitoring of prey fish populations in Lake Huron is based on a bottom trawl survey that targets demersal (benthic) species and an acoustic-midwater trawl survey that targets pelagic species and life stages. Status of the main basin prey fish community in 2022 was considered ‘Fair’ due to sustained improvements in native species status but species diversity that remains below desired levels. Current lake conditions, characterized by ongoing oligotrophication, seem to favor native coregonines like Bloater (Coregonus artedi), which in the main basin has exhibited signs of population growth and strong recruitment in recent years, and Cisco (Coregonus artedi), whose biomass in the North Channel increased for the second consecutive year in 2022. In contrast, conditions in the main basin are less favorable for exotic prey fish such as Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), whose population collapsed in 2014 and has not recovered, and Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax), which remains the second-most abundant prey species in the main basin but has produced multiple weak year classes over the past decade including in 2022. Status of benthic prey fish in the main basin in 2022 depended on species. As in prior years, the native sculpin community in 2022 consisted primarily of Deepwater Sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsoni) because Slimy Sculpin (Cottus cognatus) has become exceedingly rare. In contrast, biomass of the ecologically similar Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus), an exotic species, reached an all-time high in 2022. Use of complementary surveys (bottom trawl, acoustics) remains important for evaluating prey fish status in Lake Huron, where prey fish community dynamics vary by basin and prey fish responses to changing environmental conditions depend on species and/or habitat.
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Despite the importance of systematics in conservation planning, the evolutionary relationships between many mussel taxa remain poorly explored, clearly illustrated by Strophitus undulatus. This species is wide-ranging, occurring in streams across the United States and Canada with a disjunct population in the Colorado River drainage in central Texas. The widespread distribution of S. undulatus, as well as high intraspecific morphological variation, has led previous authors to doubt the taxon is representative of a single species. In this study, we set out to investigate species boundaries in S. undulatus by integrating environmental, molecular, and morphological datasets. Molecular and morphological data supported S. undulatus from the Colorado River as distinct, which was supplemented by a species distribution modeling approach, suggesting potential adaptation to Edwards Plateau streams has contributed to speciation. Given our findings, we formally describe a new species of freshwater mussel, Strophitus howellsi, endemic to streams along the Edwards Plateau in the Colorado River drainage. A conservation assessment of S. howellsi suggests the species is extremely rare within a highly restricted distribution and may warrant future recovery actions. Our findings build on a growing body of literature highlighting aquatic endemism along the Edwards Plateau and have significant conservation implications for freshwater mussels in Texas.
Many bat species are highly social, forming groups of conspecifics, particularly during the maternity season. In temperate North America, these social groups are typically comprised of closely related individuals or individuals that share some common trait (i.e. reproductive state or shared hibernacula from the previous winter). In the summer, when bats use forests for day-roosts, these social groups often demonstrate nonrandom patterns of periodically associating in common roosts and disassociating using different roosts as a ‘fission–fusion society’. As cave hibernating bat species in North America continue to decline due to the impacts of White-nose Syndrome, opportunities to describe these dynamics are becoming rare. Unfortunately, these patterns often are still poorly documented, yet understanding these behaviors is critical for species-specific habitat conservation and management. In our study, we tracked female northern long-eared bats (Myotis septentrionalis) to their day-roosts in a small, suburban forest fragment in coastal New York, USA, in the summers of 2018 and 2019. We confirmed that the bats shared roost sites and, using network analyses, analyzed social dynamics and space use. In contrast to previous research on this imperiled species in large, unfragmented core forests, we found a more dense, connected roost network that concentrated around forest patch edges. Unusual for this species, primary roosts were anthropogenic structures. Our findings suggest that northern long-eared bats can utilize small forest patches and that incorporation of specific types of anthropogenic roosts might be an effective strategy for long-term conservation in more urbanized landscapes where forest management actions to enhance day-roosting conditions a
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jue/juad005","usgsCitation":"Gorman, K.M., Barr, E.L., Nocera, T., and Ford, W., 2023, Network analysis of a northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) maternity colony in a suburban forest patch: Journal of Urban Ecology, v. 9, no. 1, juad005, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juad005.","productDescription":"juad005, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-147332","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":443560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juad005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"William Floyd Estate","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.89723999071097,\n 40.79000636108208\n ],\n [\n -72.89723999071097,\n 40.73721751863755\n ],\n [\n -72.79616984222311,\n 40.73721751863755\n ],\n [\n -72.79616984222311,\n 40.79000636108208\n ],\n [\n -72.89723999071097,\n 40.79000636108208\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gorman, Katherine M.","contributorId":270924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gorman","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36967,"text":"Virginia Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barr, Elaine L.","contributorId":270623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barr","given":"Elaine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nocera, Tomás","contributorId":264895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nocera","given":"Tomás","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. 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Beginning in 2015, the benthic preyfish survey expanded from US-only to incorporate Canadian sites, increasing the survey’s spatial coverage to a lake-wide scale. Additionally, sampling in eastern US embayments (Black River, Chaumont, Guffin, and Henderson Bays), that were historically sampled during a September bottom trawl survey to index Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens; 1978–2007), resumed in 2015. The current survey provides abundance indices for sculpins, Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus) and Bloater (Coregonus hoyi) with survey techniques, gear and timing comparable to Lake Michigan. This alignment provides a necessary biological reference point for measuring the success of Lake Ontario Bloater reintroduction. In 2022, the collaborative benthic preyfish survey completed 171 bottom trawl tows across main lake and embayment sites at depths from 6 to 222 m. In total, the 2022 survey sampled 141,552 fish from 34 species. Round Goby was the most numerically abundant species comprising 36% of the total catch, followed by Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and Deepwater Sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii), at 20% and 16%, respectively. Alewife accounted for most (623 kg) of the fish biomass sampled during the 2022 survey (total=2,197 kg), followed by Deepwater Sculpin (547 kg), and Round Goby (262 kg). Slimy Sculpin (Cottus cognatus) lake-wide biomass density (0.03 kg/ha) remained low relative to historical observations from US waters during the 1980-1990s and was similar to the average from the previous three survey years (2019-2021 average 0.04 ± 0.02 kg/ha). Lake-wide Deepwater Sculpin biomass density reached a new high (4.4 kg/ha) in 2022. Embayment catches continue to have unique species assemblages compared to main lake habitat. Historically common native benthic preyfish species like Trout-perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus), Spottail Shiner (Notropis hudsonius), and darters (Etheostoma spp.), that are now rare at main lake trawl sites, still occur in some embayment trawl sites.
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