{"pageNumber":"140","pageRowStart":"3475","pageSize":"25","recordCount":37001,"records":[{"id":97348,"text":"ofr20091043 - 2009 - Spring and Summer Spatial Distribution of Endangered Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Relation to Environmental Variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2007 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:25","indexId":"ofr20091043","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1043","title":"Spring and Summer Spatial Distribution of Endangered Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Relation to Environmental Variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2007 Annual Report","docAbstract":"Lost River sucker Deltistes luxatus and shortnose sucker Chasmistes brevirostris were listed as endangered in 1988 for a variety of reasons including apparent recruitment failure. Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, and its tributaries are considered the most critical remaining habitat for these two species. Age-0 suckers are often abundant in Upper Klamath Lake throughout the summer months, but catches decline dramatically between late August and early September each year, and age-1 and older subadult suckers are rare. These rapid declines in catch rates and a lack of substantial recruitment into adult sucker populations in recent years suggests sucker populations experience high mortality between their first summer and first spawn. A lack of optimal rearing habitat may exacerbate juvenile sucker mortality or restrict juvenile growth or development. \r\n\r\nIn 2007, we continued research on juvenile sucker habitat use begun by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2001. Age-0 catch rates in 2006 were more than an order of magnitude greater than in previous years, which prompted us to refocus our research from age-0 suckers to age-1 sucker distributions and habitat use. We took a two-phased approach to our research in 2007 that included preliminary spring sampling and intense summer sampling components. Spring sampling was a pilot study designed to gather baseline data on the distribution of age-1 suckers as they emerge from winter in shoreline environments throughout Upper Klamath Lake (Chapter 1). Whereas, summer sampling was designed to quantitatively estimate the influence of environmental variables on age-0 and age-1 sucker distribution throughout Upper Klamath Lake, while accounting for imperfect detection (Chapter 2). In addition to these two components, we began a project to evaluate passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag loss and the effects of PIT tags on mortality of age-1 Lost River suckers (Chapter 3).\r\n\r\nThe spring pilot study built the foundation for future research on post-wintering juvenile sucker distribution and habitat use studies. Only 34 percent of nets set during spring sampling (April 2 to May 29) caught juvenile suckers and catch rates were low (0.038 to 0.405 suckers/hour) and widely distributed throughout shoreline areas. Of 13 suckers sacrificed for identification, only one was determined to be a Lost River sucker. All others were either shortnose suckers or Klamath largescale Catostomus snyderi suckers, but were not identified to species. Suckers caught during the spring averaged 93 +- 2 millimeter (mm) standard length (SL; mean +- SE) and were all estimated to be a year old. Spring catches did not vary in respect to nearness to tributary streams or rivers, substrate type, area of the lake, or distance from shore. On the other hand, a higher percentage of nets caught at least one sucker when they were set within 50 meters (m) of a wetland edge (60 percent) compared to nets set 200 m from a wetland (30 percent) or in other shoreline areas (29 percent). Our results also suggest that in the spring age-1 suckers use habitats less than 2 m deep at a greater frequency than deeper environments, a trend that was reversed in the summer. \r\n\r\nTemporal trends in summer catch rates of age-0 suckers generally were similar to those in previous years, with a peak during the week of August 5. In contrast, age-1 sucker catches were relatively high until the week of July 16, but rapidly declined each week for the rest of the sampling season. Age-0 suckers were caught at higher rates than age-1 suckers though the summer, but both age groups were captured at a similar percentage of sites (age-0, 26.5 percent and age-1, 27.4 percent). Age-0 catches were composed of slightly more Lost River suckers (53.2 percent) than shortnose suckers (42.1 percent). In contrast, most age-1 suckers were shortnose suckers (72.7 percent). \r\n\r\nOur summer sampling indicates age-0 suckers within Upper Klamath Lake primarily are habitat generalists, whe","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091043","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Burdick, S.M., VanderKooi, S., and Anderson, G.O., 2009, Spring and Summer Spatial Distribution of Endangered Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Relation to Environmental Variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2007 Annual Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1043, iv, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091043.","productDescription":"iv, 57 p.","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12406,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1043/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4a00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"VanderKooi, Scott P.","contributorId":106584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanderKooi","given":"Scott P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Greer O.","contributorId":24459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Greer","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97374,"text":"ofr20091039 - 2009 - Photomosaics and logs of trenches on the San Andreas Fault near Coachella, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-22T20:05:33.794724","indexId":"ofr20091039","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1039","title":"Photomosaics and logs of trenches on the San Andreas Fault near Coachella, California","docAbstract":"

The Coachella paleoseismic site is located on the San Andreas Fault along the northeast edge of the Coachella Valley in southern California east of Dillon Road and south of Avenue 44. Three benched trenches, a total of more than 950 m, were excavated across the fault zone as part of an Alquist-Priolo fault investigation study. These trenches exposed a thick section of latest Holocene lacustrine, fluvial, and shoreline deposits. Only the central and eastern trenches exposed faulting so we confined our investigations to those two trenches.

In the central trench, we photographed and logged in detail both walls of about 70 m of the trench where it spanned several zones of complex faulting which form a 15-m-wide depression. After carefully cleaning the trench walls, we put up a 1- by 0.5-m string- and nail-grid. We photographed each 1- by 0.5-m panel individually and then photologged features directly on these unrectified photos. The photos were digitally rectified later to remove distortion caused by irregularities in the trench walls and to correct the slight distortion introduced by the camera lens. The rectified photos were spliced together to make photomosaics of the trench walls. Most of the field linework and descriptions were then transferred to the rectified photomosaics.

For the eastern trench, we took a set of overview photographs of the full length (about 200 m) of each wall. These photographs were taken from the top of the trench towards the opposite wall. Because the photographs were taken at a downward angle, there is significant distortion. We logged directly on these photos in the field, recording significant contacts, primarily between lacustrine and subaerial deposits, along with descriptions. For this report, we spliced together these unrectified overview photos and transfered field linework and some descriptions.

For both trenches, contacts and lithologhic descriptions of stratigraphic units, faults and carbon sample locations are indicated on the photomosaics. Lacustrine deposits are tinted to better show deformation across the fault zones. Evidence for six paleoearthquakes rated as “probable” is indicated with red stars that contain the sequential event number (1 is most recent event). Evidence for two additional “possible” paleoearthquakes is indicated with blue stars. The sedimentary deposits contain abundant dateable material which includes detrital charcoal, lenses of organic material formed in-situ, and shells. Two organic fractions, humic acids and acid-alkali-acid-pretreated (AAA), were dated for 13 of 15 samples taken from organic layers and both dates are shown for these samples on the photomosaics and tables 1 and 2. All radiocarbon dates are in 14C years B.P. (considered to be A.D. 1950). Horizontal distance is measured along the trenches from the southwest ends of the logged exposures (marked as 0 m), and depth is measured from the highest points on the ground surface within the logged exposures. Bench locations are indicated by white lines and gaps in the photomosaics. Note that faults and contacts that are somewhat oblique to the trench walls occasionally appear disconnected owing to the approximately 1 m width of the benches.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091039","usgsCitation":"Philibosian, B., Fumal, T.E., Weldon, R.J., Kendrick, K.J., Scharer, K.M., Bemis, S.P., Burgette, R.J., and Wisely, B.A., 2009, Photomosaics and logs of trenches on the San Andreas Fault near Coachella, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1039, 2 Sheets: 96.00 × 40.00 inches and 84.00 × 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091039.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 96.00 × 40.00 inches and 84.00 × 36.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":405403,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86446.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12433,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1039/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Coachella","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.17801666259764,\n 33.72034189899486\n ],\n [\n -116.16703033447267,\n 33.72034189899486\n ],\n [\n -116.16703033447267,\n 33.72576738903661\n ],\n [\n -116.17801666259764,\n 33.72576738903661\n ],\n [\n -116.17801666259764,\n 33.72034189899486\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db6860f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Philibosian, Belle","contributorId":57179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Philibosian","given":"Belle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fumal, Thomas E.","contributorId":67882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fumal","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weldon, Ray J. II","contributorId":47859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weldon","given":"Ray","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendrick, Katherine J. 0000-0002-9839-6861 kendrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-6861","contributorId":2716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendrick","given":"Katherine","email":"kendrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scharer, Katherine M. 0000-0003-2811-2496 kscharer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-2496","contributorId":3385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scharer","given":"Katherine","email":"kscharer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bemis, Sean P.","contributorId":30709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bemis","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burgette, Reed J.","contributorId":34221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgette","given":"Reed","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wisely, Beth A.","contributorId":41532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wisely","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":97332,"text":"ofr20091040 - 2009 - Model-Based Predictions of the Effects of Harvest Mortality on Population Size and Trend of Yellow-Billed Loons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:10","indexId":"ofr20091040","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1040","title":"Model-Based Predictions of the Effects of Harvest Mortality on Population Size and Trend of Yellow-Billed Loons","docAbstract":"Yellow-billed loons (Gavia adamsii) breed in low densities in northern tundra habitats in Alaska, Canada, and Russia. They migrate to coastal marine habitats at mid to high latitudes where they spend their winters. Harvest may occur throughout the annual cycle, but of particular concern are recent reports of harvest from the Bering Strait region, which lies between Alaska and Russia and is an area used by yellow-billed loons during migration. Annual harvest for this region was reported to be 317, 45, and 1,077 during 2004, 2005, and 2007, respectively. I developed a population model to assess the effect of this reported harvest on population size and trend of yellow-billed loons. Because of the uncertainty regarding actual harvest and definition of the breeding population(s) affected by this harvest, I considered 25 different scenarios. Predicted trends across these 25 scenarios ranged from stability to rapid decline (24 percent per year) with halving of the population in 3 years. Through an assessment of literature and unpublished satellite tracking data, I suggest that the most likely of these 25 scenarios is one where the migrant population subjected to harvest in the Bering Strait includes individuals from breeding populations in Alaska (Arctic coastal plain and the Kotzebue region) and eastern Russia, and for which the magnitude of harvest varies among years and emulates the annual variation of reported harvest during 2004-07 (317, 45, and 1,077 yellow-billed loons). This scenario, which assumes no movement of Canadian breeders through the Bering Strait, predicts a 4.6 percent rate of annual population decline, which would halve the populations in 15 years. Although these model outputs reflect the best available information, confidence in these predictions and applicable scenarios would be greatly enhanced by more information on harvest, rates of survival and reproduction, and migratory pathways.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091040","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., 2009, Model-Based Predictions of the Effects of Harvest Mortality on Population Size and Trend of Yellow-Billed Loons: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1040, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091040.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12385,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1040/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97326,"text":"ofr20091038 - 2009 - Sample collection of ash and burned soils from the October 2007 southern California Wildfires","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-04T12:57:06","indexId":"ofr20091038","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1038","title":"Sample collection of ash and burned soils from the October 2007 southern California Wildfires","docAbstract":"

Between November 2 through 9, 2007 scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected samples of ash and burned soils from 28 sites in six areas burned as a result of the Southern California wildfires of October 2007, including the Harris, Witch, Santiago, Ammo, Canyon, and Grass Valley Fires. The primary goal of this sampling and analysis effort was to understand how differences in ash and burned soil composition relate to vegetation type, underlying bedrock geology, burn intensity, and residential versus wildland. Sampling sites were chosen with the input of local experts from the USGS Water Resources and Biological Resources Disciplines to help understand possible effects of the fires on water supplies, ecosystems, and endangered species. The sampling was also carried out in conjunction with detailed field analysis of the spectral reflectance characteristics of the ash, so that chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the field samples could be used to help interpret data collected as part of an airborne, hyperspectral remote-sensing survey of several of the burned areas in mid-late November, 2007.

This report presents an overview of the field sampling methodologies used to collect the samples, includes representative photos of the sites sampled, and summarizes important characteristics of each of the collection sites. In this report we use the term “ash” to refer collectively to white mineral ash, which results from full combustion of vegetation and black charred organic matter from partial combustion of vegetation or other materials. These materials were found to be intermingled as a deposited residue on the soil surface following the Southern California fires of 2007.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091038","usgsCitation":"Hoefen, T.M., Kokaly, R., Martin, D.A., Rochester, C.J., Plumlee, G.S., Mendez, G., Reichard, E.G., and Fisher, R.N., 2009, Sample collection of ash and burned soils from the October 2007 southern California Wildfires: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1038, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091038.","productDescription":"64 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-10-01","temporalEnd":"2007-11-30","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12380,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1038/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":354694,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1038/pdf/OF09-1038.pdf","size":"82.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.73333333333333,32.166666666666664 ], [ -118.73333333333333,34.333333333333336 ], [ -116.5,34.333333333333336 ], [ -116.5,32.166666666666664 ], [ -118.73333333333333,32.166666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c84e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoefen, Todd M. 0000-0002-3083-5987 thoefen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"Todd","email":"thoefen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101 raymond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":139570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond F.","email":"raymond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Deborah A. 0000-0001-8237-0838 damartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-0838","contributorId":1900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Deborah","email":"damartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rochester, Carlton J. 0000-0002-0625-4496 crochester@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0625-4496","contributorId":3032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rochester","given":"Carlton","email":"crochester@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mendez, Greg 0000-0002-9955-3726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9955-3726","contributorId":65949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendez","given":"Greg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reichard, Eric G. 0000-0002-7310-3866 egreich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-3866","contributorId":1207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichard","given":"Eric","email":"egreich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":97325,"text":"ofr20091025 - 2009 - Geophysical Investigation Along the Great Miami River From New Miami to Charles M. Bolton Well Field, Cincinnati, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:28","indexId":"ofr20091025","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1025","title":"Geophysical Investigation Along the Great Miami River From New Miami to Charles M. Bolton Well Field, Cincinnati, Ohio","docAbstract":"Three geophysical profiling methods were tested to help characterize subsurface materials at selected transects along the Great Miami River, in southwestern Ohio. The profiling methods used were continuous seismic profiling (CSP), continuous resistivity profiling (CRP), and continuous electromagnetic profiling (CEP). Data were collected with global positioning systems to spatially locate the data along the river.\r\nThe depth and flow conditions of the Great Miami River limited the amount and quality of data that could be collected with the CSP and CRP methods. Data from the CSP were generally poor because shallow reflections (less than 5 meters) were mostly obscured by strong multiple reflections and deep reflections (greater than 5 meters) were sparse. However, modeling of CRP data indicated broad changes in subbottom geology, primarily below about 3 to 5 meters. Details for shallow electrical conductivity (resistivity) (less than 3 meters) were limited because of the 5-meter electrode spacing used for the surveys. For future studies of this type, a cable with 3-meter electrode spacing (or perhaps even 1-meter spacing) might best be used in similar environments to determine shallow electrical properties of the stream-bottom materials.\r\nCEP data were collected along the entire reach of the Great Miami River. The CRP and CEP data did not correlate well, but the CRP electrode spacing probably limited the correlation. Middle-frequency (3,510 hertz) and high-frequency (15,030 hertz) CEP data were correlated to water depth. Low-frequency (750 hertz) CEP data indicate shallow (less than 5-meter) changes in electrical conductivity. Given the variability in depth and flow conditions on a river such as the Great Miami, the CEP method worked better than either the CSP or CRP methods.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091025","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hamilton to New Baltimore Ground Water Consortium","usgsCitation":"Sheets, R.A., and Dumouchelle, D., 2009, Geophysical Investigation Along the Great Miami River From New Miami to Charles M. Bolton Well Field, Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1025, iv, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091025.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-12-04","temporalEnd":"2007-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12379,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1025/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.7,39.28333333333333 ], [ -84.7,39.45 ], [ -84.5,39.45 ], [ -84.5,39.28333333333333 ], [ -84.7,39.28333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c076","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheets, R. A.","contributorId":43381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheets","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dumouchelle, D.H.","contributorId":83144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumouchelle","given":"D.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97327,"text":"ofr20081267 - 2009 - Estimated Colorado Golf Course Irrigation Water Use, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:54","indexId":"ofr20081267","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1267","title":"Estimated Colorado Golf Course Irrigation Water Use, 2005","docAbstract":"Golf course irrigation water-use data were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Use Program's 2005 compilation to provide baseline information, as no golf course irrigation water-use data (separate from crop irrigation) have been reported in previous compilations. A Web-based survey, designed by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Rocky Mountain Golf Course Superintendents Association (RMGCSA), was electronically distributed by the association to the 237 members in Colorado. Forty-three percent of the members returned the survey, and additional source water information was collected by telephone for all but 20 of the 245 association member and non-member Colorado golf courses.\r\n\r\nFor golf courses where no data were collected at all, an average 'per hole' coefficient, based on returned surveys from that same county, were applied. In counties where no data were collected at all, a State average 'per hole' value of 13.2 acre-feet was used as the coefficient. In 2005, Colorado had 243 turf golf courses (there are 2 sand courses in the State) that had an estimated 2.27 acre-feet per irrigated course acre, and 65 percent of the source water for these courses was surface water. Ground water, potable water (public supply), and reclaimed wastewater, either partially or wholly, were source waters for the remaining courses. Fifty-three of the 64 counties in Colorado have at least one golf course, with the greatest number of courses in Jefferson (23 courses), Arapahoe (22 courses), and El Paso Counties (20 courses). In 2005, an estimated 5,647.8 acre-feet in Jefferson County, 5,402 acre-feet in Arapahoe County, and 4,473.3 acre-feet in El Paso County were used to irrigate the turf grass.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081267","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Rocky Mountain Golf Course Superintendents Association","usgsCitation":"Ivahnenko, T., 2009, Estimated Colorado Golf Course Irrigation Water Use, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1267, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081267.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12381,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1267/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109,37 ], [ -109,41 ], [ -102,41 ], [ -102,37 ], [ -109,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683502","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivahnenko, Tamara 0000-0002-1124-7688 ivahnenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1124-7688","contributorId":93524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivahnenko","given":"Tamara","email":"ivahnenk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97323,"text":"ofr20081195 - 2009 - Geophysical data from offshore of the Chandeleur Islands, eastern Mississippi Delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-10T13:39:15.727087","indexId":"ofr20081195","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1195","title":"Geophysical data from offshore of the Chandeleur Islands, eastern Mississippi Delta","docAbstract":"This report contains the geophysical and geospatial data that were collected during two cruises on the R/V Acadiana along the eastern, offshore side of the Chandeleur Islands in 2006 and 2007. Data were acquired with the following equipment: a Systems Engineering and Assessment, Ltd., SwathPlus interferometric sonar; a Klein 3000 dual-frequency sidescan sonar; and an EdgeTech 512i chirp sub-bottom profiling system. The long-term goal of this mapping effort is to produce high-quality, high-resolution geologic maps and geophysical interpretations that can be utilized to investigate the impact of Hurricane Katrina, identify sand resources within the region, and make predictions regarding the future evolution of this coastal system.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081195","usgsCitation":"Baldwin, W.E., Pendleton, E., and Twichell, D.C., 2009, Geophysical data from offshore of the Chandeleur Islands, eastern Mississippi Delta: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1195, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081195.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195410,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":416406,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86415.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12377,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1195/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Chandeleur Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.97198900388034,\n 29.61138376049601\n ],\n [\n -88.80725267932426,\n 29.81045087633889\n ],\n [\n -88.8000902304306,\n 29.976555131604698\n ],\n [\n -88.8645522704743,\n 30.069576421850996\n ],\n [\n -88.89678329049639,\n 30.06492743067919\n ],\n [\n -88.86813349492135,\n 29.940873843358816\n ],\n [\n -88.92185186162436,\n 29.78248092313443\n ],\n [\n -89.01317308501959,\n 29.67519039844325\n ],\n [\n -89.04003226837108,\n 29.620723842699405\n ],\n [\n -88.97198900388034,\n 29.61138376049601\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c46f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldwin, Wayne E. 0000-0001-5886-0917 wbaldwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5886-0917","contributorId":1321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Wayne","email":"wbaldwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pendleton, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":101312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97322,"text":"ofr20081379 - 2009 - Completion of the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 1992–2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:00:50","indexId":"ofr20081379","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1379","title":"Completion of the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 1992–2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product","docAbstract":"The Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium has supported the development of two national digital land cover products: the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) 1992 and National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2001. Substantial differences in imagery, legends, and methods between these two land cover products must be overcome in order to support direct comparison. The NLCD 1992-2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product was developed to provide more accurate and useful land cover change data than would be possible by direct comparison of NLCD 1992 and NLCD 2001. For the change analysis method to be both national in scale and timely, implementation required production across many Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) path/rows simultaneously. To meet these requirements, a hybrid change analysis process was developed to incorporate both post-classification comparison and specialized ratio differencing change analysis techniques.\r\n\r\nAt a resolution of 30 meters, the completed NLCD 1992-2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product contains unchanged pixels from the NLCD 2001 land cover dataset that have been cross-walked to a modified Anderson Level I class code, and changed pixels labeled with a 'from-to' class code. Analysis of the results for the conterminous United States indicated that about 3 percent of the land cover dataset changed between 1992 and 2001.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081379","usgsCitation":"Fry, J., Coan, M., Homer, C.G., Meyer, D.K., and Wickham, J., 2009, Completion of the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 1992–2001 Land Cover Change Retrofit product: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1379, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081379.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2001-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12376,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1379/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8105","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fry, J.A. 0000-0002-8466-9582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8466-9582","contributorId":69260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fry","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coan, Michael mcoan@usgs.gov","contributorId":5398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coan","given":"Michael","email":"mcoan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, Debra K. 0000-0002-8841-697X dkmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8841-697X","contributorId":3145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Debra","email":"dkmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wickham, J.D.","contributorId":28329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickham","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":97316,"text":"ofr20091036 - 2009 - Bull Trout Forage Investigations in Beulah Reservoir, Oregon - Annual Report for 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"ofr20091036","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1036","title":"Bull Trout Forage Investigations in Beulah Reservoir, Oregon - Annual Report for 2006","docAbstract":"Beulah Reservoir on the north fork of the Malheur River in northeastern Oregon provides irrigation water to nearby farms and ranches and supports an adfluvial population of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), which are listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. Water management in Beulah Reservoir results in seasonal and annual fluctuations of water volume that may affect forage availability for bull trout. Because no minimum pool requirements currently exist, the reservoir is occasionally reduced to run-of-river levels, which may decimate forage fish populations and ultimately affect bull trout. We sampled fish and aquatic insects in Beulah Reservoir in the spring, before the annual drawdown of 2006, and afterward, in the late fall. We also collected samples 1.5 years after the reservoir was dewatered for three consecutive summers. Overall, the moderate drawdown of 2006 (32 percent of full pool) did not drastically alter the fish community in Beulah Reservoir. We did document, however, decreases in abundance and sizes of chironomids in areas of the reservoir that were frequently dewatered, increased catch rates of fish with gillnets, and decreases in population estimates for smaller fishes after drawdown. In 2006, after the dewaterings of 2002-04, species composition was similar to that prior to the dewaterings, but the size distributions of most species were biased toward small juvenile or subyearling fishes and larger fishes were rare. Our results indicate that repeated reservoir drawdown reduces aquatic insect forage for bull trout and probably affects forage fish populations at least temporarily. The high catch rates of juvenile fishes 1.5 years after consecutive dewaterings suggests good reproductive success for any remaining adult fish, and shows that the fish community in Beulah Reservoir is resilient to such disturbances. There is, however, a period of time after serious drawdowns before significant numbers of juvenile fishes start to appear in the reservoir. Because Beulah Reservoir experiences a wide variety of drawdown scenarios in consecutive years, the forage fish community may never reach a state of equilibrium.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091036","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Rose, B.P., and Mesa, M.G., 2009, Bull Trout Forage Investigations in Beulah Reservoir, Oregon - Annual Report for 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1036, v, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091036.","productDescription":"v, 38 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12368,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1036/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa6db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Brien P. brose@usgs.gov","contributorId":3493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Brien","email":"brose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mesa, Mathew G.","contributorId":36245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"Mathew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97315,"text":"ofr20091022 - 2009 - Physical-Property Measurements on Core samples from Drill-Holes DB-1 and DB-2, Blue Mountain Geothermal Prospect, North-Central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:50","indexId":"ofr20091022","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1022","title":"Physical-Property Measurements on Core samples from Drill-Holes DB-1 and DB-2, Blue Mountain Geothermal Prospect, North-Central Nevada","docAbstract":"From May to June 2008, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected and measured physical properties on 36 core samples from drill-hole Deep Blue No. 1 (DB-1) and 46 samples from drill-hole Deep Blue No. 2 (DB-2) along the west side of Blue Mountain about 40 km west of Winnemucca, Nev. These data were collected as part of an effort to determine the geophysical setting of the Blue Mountain geothermal prospect as an aid to understanding the geologic framework of geothermal systems throughout the Great Basin. The physical properties of these rocks and other rock types in the area create a distinguishable pattern of gravity and magnetic anomalies that can be used to infer their subsurface geologic structure. \r\n\r\nDrill-holes DB-1 and DB-2 were spudded in alluvium on the western flank of Blue Mountain in 2002 and 2004, respectively, and are about 1 km apart. Drill-hole DB-1 is at a ground elevation of 1,325 m and was drilled to a depth of 672 m and drill-hole DB-2 is at a ground elevation of 1,392 m and was drilled to a depth of 1522 m. Diameter of the core samples is 6.4 cm. These drill holes penetrate Jurassic and Triassic metasedimentary rocks predominantly consisting of argillite, mudstone, and sandstone; Tertiary diorite and gabbro; and younger Tertiary felsic dikes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091022","usgsCitation":"Ponce, D.A., Watt, J.T., Casteel, J., and Logsdon, G., 2009, Physical-Property Measurements on Core samples from Drill-Holes DB-1 and DB-2, Blue Mountain Geothermal Prospect, North-Central Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1022, Report: vi, 16 p.; Table (xls), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091022.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 16 p.; Table (xls)","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-05-01","temporalEnd":"2008-06-30","costCenters":[{"id":314,"text":"Geophysics Unit of Menlo Park, CA (GUMP)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195239,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12367,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1022/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.75,40.5 ], [ -118.75,41.5 ], [ -117.25,41.5 ], [ -117.25,40.5 ], [ -118.75,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watt, Janet T. 0000-0002-4759-3814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-3814","contributorId":8564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casteel, John","contributorId":55101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casteel","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Logsdon, Grant","contributorId":20852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logsdon","given":"Grant","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97311,"text":"ofr20091007 - 2009 - Annual Maximum Stages and Discharges of Selected Streams in Virginia through 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:25","indexId":"ofr20091007","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1007","title":"Annual Maximum Stages and Discharges of Selected Streams in Virginia through 2007","docAbstract":"Annual maximum stages and discharges for continuous-record and partial-record streamflow-gaging stations in Virginia are summarized through the 2007 water year. Data are included for over 500 active and discontinued streamflow-gaging stations operated by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, and other agencies for which 2 or more years of record are available. Additional information is provided for each station, including a brief description of gage location, drainage area, type of gage, vertical datum if known, method of development of the stage-discharge relation, bankfull stage if known, degree of regulation upstream from each gage, and pertinent remarks about historical data or local conditions that may affect peak flows.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091007","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Austin, S.H., and Wiegand, U., 2009, Annual Maximum Stages and Discharges of Selected Streams in Virginia through 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1007, xviii, 733 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091007.","productDescription":"xviii, 733 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-10-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12363,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1007/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.75,36.5 ], [ -83.75,39.5 ], [ -75,39.5 ], [ -75,36.5 ], [ -83.75,36.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bc01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, Samuel H. 0000-0001-5626-023X saustin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-023X","contributorId":153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Samuel","email":"saustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiegand, Ute","contributorId":76412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiegand","given":"Ute","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97303,"text":"ofr20091021 - 2009 - Log ASCII Standard (LAS) Files for Geophysical (Gamma Ray) Wireline Well Logs and Their Application to Geologic Cross Section C-C' Through the Central Appalachian Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:45","indexId":"ofr20091021","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1021","title":"Log ASCII Standard (LAS) Files for Geophysical (Gamma Ray) Wireline Well Logs and Their Application to Geologic Cross Section C-C' Through the Central Appalachian Basin","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) regional geologic cross section C-C' (Ryder and others, 2008) displays key stratigraphic intervals in the central Appalachian basin. For this cross section, strata were correlated by using descriptions of well cuttings and gamma ray well log traces. This report summarizes the procedures used to convert gamma ray curves on paper well logs to the digital Log ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) Standard (LAS) format using the third-party software application Neuralog. The procedures could be used with other geophysical wireline logs also. The creation of digital LAS files from paper well logs by using Neuralog is very helpful, especially when dealing with older logs with limited or nonexistent digital data. \r\n\r\nThe LAS files from the gamma ray logs of 11 wells used to construct cross section C-C' are included in this report. They may be downloaded from the index page as a single ZIP file.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091021","usgsCitation":"Trippi, M.H., and Crangle, R., 2009, Log ASCII Standard (LAS) Files for Geophysical (Gamma Ray) Wireline Well Logs and Their Application to Geologic Cross Section C-C' Through the Central Appalachian Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1021, Report: 13 p.; Zip File, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091021.","productDescription":"Report: 13 p.; Zip File","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12355,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1021/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85,37 ], [ -85,43 ], [ -74,43 ], [ -74,37 ], [ -85,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63c023","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trippi, Michael H. 0000-0002-1398-3427 mtrippi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-3427","contributorId":941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trippi","given":"Michael","email":"mtrippi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crangle, Robert D. Jr.","contributorId":102948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crangle","given":"Robert D.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97300,"text":"ofr20091032 - 2009 - Molecular Population Genetic Structure in the Piping Plover","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":97300,"text":"ofr20091032 - 2009 - Molecular Population Genetic Structure in the Piping Plover","indexId":"ofr20091032","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Molecular Population Genetic Structure in the Piping Plover"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70034030,"text":"70034030 - 2010 - Subspecies status and population genetic structure in Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus)","indexId":"70034030","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Subspecies status and population genetic structure in Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus)"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70034030,"text":"70034030 - 2010 - Subspecies status and population genetic structure in Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus)","indexId":"70034030","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Subspecies status and population genetic structure in Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus)"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T10:42:28","indexId":"ofr20091032","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1032","title":"Molecular Population Genetic Structure in the Piping Plover","docAbstract":"The Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) is a migratory shorebird currently listed as Endangered in Canada and the U.S. Great Lakes, and threatened throughout the remainder of its U.S. breeding and winter range. In this study, we undertook the first comprehensive molecular genetic-based investigation of Piping Plovers. Our primary goals were to (1) address higher level subspecific taxonomic issues, (2) characterize population genetic structure, and (3) make inferences regarding past bottlenecks or population expansions that have occurred within this species. Our analyses included samples of individuals from 23 U.S. States and Canadian Provinces, and were based on mitochondrial DNA sequences (580 bp, n = 245 individuals) and eight nuclear microsatellite loci (n = 229 individuals). Our findings illustrate strong support for separate Atlantic and Interior Piping Plover subspecies (C. m. melodus and C. m. circumcinctus, respectively). Birds from the Great Lakes region were allied with the Interior subspecies group and should be taxonomically referred to as C. m. circumcinctus. Population genetic analyses suggested that genetic structure was stronger among Atlantic birds relative to the Interior group. This pattern indicates that natal and breeding site fidelity may be reduced among Interior birds. Furthermore, analyses suggested that Interior birds have previously experienced genetic bottlenecks, whereas no evidence for such patterns existed among the Atlantic subspecies. Likewise, genetic analyses indicated that the Great Lakes region has experienced a population expansion. This finding may be interpreted as population growth following a previous bottleneck event. No genetic evidence for population expansions was found for Atlantic, Prairie Canada, or U.S. Northern Great Plains individuals. We interpret our population history insights in light of 25 years of Piping Plover census data. Overall, differences observed between Interior and Atlantic birds may reflect differences in spatiotemporal stability of Piping Plover nesting habitat between regions.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091032","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., Haig, S.M., Gratto-Trevor, C.L., and Mullins, T., 2009, Molecular Population Genetic Structure in the Piping Plover: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1032, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091032.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12351,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1032/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6993c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gratto-Trevor, Cheri L.","contributorId":83630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gratto-Trevor","given":"Cheri","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D.","contributorId":12819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97299,"text":"ofr20091016 - 2009 - Progress Report: Stratton Ecological Research Site - An Experimental Approach to Assess Effects of Various Grazing Treatments on Vegetation and Wildlife Communities Across Managed Burns and Habitat Controls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T15:12:11","indexId":"ofr20091016","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1016","title":"Progress Report: Stratton Ecological Research Site - An Experimental Approach to Assess Effects of Various Grazing Treatments on Vegetation and Wildlife Communities Across Managed Burns and Habitat Controls","docAbstract":"Understanding how management practices affect wildlife is fundamental to wise decisions for conservation of public lands. Prescribed fire and grazing timing are two management tools frequently used within publicly owned sagebrush ecosystems. We conducted a variety of surveys in order to assess the impacts of grazing timing strategies (early summer before peak green-up, mid-summer at peak green-up, and late summer after peak green-up) in conjunction with prescribed fire on avian and small mammal populations in a high-elevation sagebrush ecosystem. Avian surveys resulted in a large detection sample size for three bird species: Brewer's sparrow (Spizella breweri), horned lark (Eremophila alpestris), and vesper sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus). Brewer's sparrows had the lowest number of detections within the mid-summer grazing treatment compared to early and late summer grazing treatments, while horned larks and vesper sparrows had higher detection frequencies within the late summer grazing treatment. Summer and fall sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) pellet counts revealed that the greatest over-winter and over-summer use by sage-grouse occurred within the early summer grazing treatment with minimal use of burn treatment areas across all grazing treatments. Deer-mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) represented approximately 90 percent of small mammals captured and were most prevalent within the mid-summer grazing treatment. Sagebrush cover was greatest within the mid-summer grazing treatment. We monitored 50 and 103 nests in 2007 and 2008, respectively. The apparent success rate for shrub-obligate nesting species was 58 percent in 2007 and 63 percent in 2008. This research will support management of sagebrush ecosystems by providing public land managers with direct comparisons of wildlife response to management regimes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091016","usgsCitation":"Erickson, H.J., Aldridge, C.L., and Hobbs, N., 2009, Progress Report: Stratton Ecological Research Site - An Experimental Approach to Assess Effects of Various Grazing Treatments on Vegetation and Wildlife Communities Across Managed Burns and Habitat Controls: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1016, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091016.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12350,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1016/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65e01d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erickson, Heidi J.","contributorId":82013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hobbs, N. Thompson","contributorId":35031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobbs","given":"N. Thompson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97298,"text":"ofr20081181 - 2009 - Sidescan-Sonar Imagery and Surficial Geologic Interpretations of the Sea Floor in Western Rhode Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-10T10:54:48.157892","indexId":"ofr20081181","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1181","title":"Sidescan-Sonar Imagery and Surficial Geologic Interpretations of the Sea Floor in Western Rhode Island Sound","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) have been working together to interpret sea-floor geology along the northeastern coast of the United States. In 2004, the NOAA Ship RUDE completed survey H11322, a sidescan-sonar and bathymetric survey that covers about 60 square kilometers of the sea floor in western Rhode Island Sound. This report interprets sidescan-sonar and bathymetric data from NOAA survey H11322 to delineate sea-floor features and sedimentary environments in the study area. Paleozoic bedrock and Cretaceous Coastal Plain sediments in Rhode Island Sound underlie Pleistocene glacial drift that affects the distribution of surficial Holocene marine and transgressional sediments. The study area has three bathymetric highs separated by a channel system. Features and patterns in the sidescan-sonar imagery include low, moderate, and high backscatter; sand waves; scarps; erosional outliers; boulders; trawl marks; and dredge spoils. Four sedimentary environments in the study area, based on backscatter and bathymetric features, include those characterized by erosion or nondeposition, coarse-grained bedload transport, sorting and reworking, and deposition. Environments characterized by erosion or nondeposition and coarse-grained bedload transport are located in shallower areas and environments characterized by deposition are located in deeper areas; environments characterized by sorting and reworking processes are generally located at moderate depths.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081181","usgsCitation":"McMullen, K., Poppe, L., Haupt, T., and Crocker, J., 2009, Sidescan-Sonar Imagery and Surficial Geologic Interpretations of the Sea Floor in Western Rhode Island Sound: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1181, Available online and on DVD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081181.","productDescription":"Available online and on DVD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1181/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":12349,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1181/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{\"crs\": {\"type\": \"name\", \"properties\": {\"name\": \"urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84\"}}, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [[[-71.41849671492362, 41.308719745047526], [-71.34771909506291, 41.328082113838505], [-71.3420887729215, 41.31912389149068], [-71.34594864564085, 41.31808732807], [-71.34372506473963, 41.318524276282034], [-71.33992199696826, 41.3146532387888], [-71.33869530532117, 41.31501898062553], [-71.33784406547105, 41.31341036387456], [-71.33969219457528, 41.3128504228325], [-71.3357861793516, 41.305345987954674], [-71.33708345191677, 41.304952988481695], [-71.33467538177048, 41.30553234944434], [-71.33396979132438, 41.30387841954548], [-71.33560430130272, 41.30347060121426], [-71.33262658015407, 41.30110784421585], [-71.3340021578586, 41.300654712736716], [-71.33306676501952, 41.297573418678546], [-71.33142578173435, 41.29800389358374], [-71.32735407172892, 41.290358918199885], [-71.32916983429892, 41.288200070367154], [-71.32415302149413, 41.28090789020638], [-71.4199029396902, 41.25476867716673], [-71.42257965207057, 41.257578092337425], [-71.4179836042107, 41.25887275370639], [-71.42368335088761, 41.257367709864965], [-71.42769680113143, 41.261067204726814], [-71.42598461147097, 41.26193786449746], [-71.42638271984192, 41.265109784851425], [-71.42988801549843, 41.26774442073731], [-71.4302311007612, 41.26918149485686], [-71.42855451428838, 41.26976085581947], [-71.42927952465502, 41.27123676978014], [-71.43166493822734, 41.27057001917512], [-71.43147073902202, 41.27246022477382], [-71.437523280922, 41.28107943283778], [-71.4364422386789, 41.28139015156633], [-71.43717048569896, 41.28291137867489], [-71.4331537988017, 41.2840280241056], [-71.43400180199838, 41.285306502207476], [-71.4289558593128, 41.28685038588996], [-71.42968410633284, 41.28843310941359], [-71.41308007427574, 41.294696033786], [-71.41849671492362, 41.308719745047526]]]}, \"properties\": {\"extentType\": \"Custom\", \"code\": \"\", \"name\": \"\", \"notes\": \"\", \"promotedForReuse\": false, \"abbreviation\": \"\", \"shortName\": \"\", \"description\": \"\"}, \"bbox\": [-71.437523280922, 41.25476867716673, -71.32415302149413, 41.328082113838505], \"type\": \"Feature\", \"id\": \"3080816\"}","contact":"

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3dff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMullen, K. Y.","contributorId":51857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMullen","given":"K.","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poppe, L. J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haupt, T.A.","contributorId":49063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haupt","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crocker, J.M.","contributorId":6152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crocker","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97294,"text":"ofr20091024 - 2009 - Factoring uncertainty into restoration modeling of in-situ leach uranium mines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T13:38:57","indexId":"ofr20091024","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1024","title":"Factoring uncertainty into restoration modeling of in-situ leach uranium mines","docAbstract":"Postmining restoration is one of the greatest concerns for uranium in-situ leach (ISL) mining operations. The ISL-affected aquifer needs to be returned to conditions specified in the mining permit (either premining or other specified conditions). When uranium ISL operations are completed, postmining restoration is usually achieved by injecting reducing agents into the mined zone. The objective of this process is to restore the aquifer to premining conditions by reducing the solubility of uranium and other metals in the ground water.\r\n\r\nReactive transport modeling is a potentially useful method for simulating the effectiveness of proposed restoration techniques. While reactive transport models can be useful, they are a simplification of reality that introduces uncertainty through the model conceptualization, parameterization, and calibration processes. For this reason, quantifying the uncertainty in simulated temporal and spatial hydrogeochemistry is important for postremedial risk evaluation of metal concentrations and mobility. Quantifying the range of uncertainty in key predictions (such as uranium concentrations at a specific location) can be achieved using forward Monte Carlo or other inverse modeling techniques (trial-and-error parameter sensitivity, calibration constrained Monte Carlo). These techniques provide simulated values of metal concentrations at specified locations that can be presented as nonlinear uncertainty limits or probability density functions. Decisionmakers can use these results to better evaluate environmental risk as future metal concentrations with a limited range of possibilities, based on a scientific evaluation of uncertainty.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091024","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., and Friedel, M.J., 2009, Factoring uncertainty into restoration modeling of in-situ leach uranium mines: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1024, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091024.","productDescription":"25 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12345,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1024/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d8e4b07f02db5494d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedel, Michael J. 0000-0002-5060-3999 mfriedel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3999","contributorId":595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"Michael","email":"mfriedel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97296,"text":"ofr20081377 - 2009 - Water-Resources Data and Hydrogeologic Setting at the Raleigh Hydrogeologic Research Station, Wake County, North Carolina, 2005-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:28","indexId":"ofr20081377","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1377","title":"Water-Resources Data and Hydrogeologic Setting at the Raleigh Hydrogeologic Research Station, Wake County, North Carolina, 2005-2007","docAbstract":"Water-resources data were collected to describe the hydrologic conditions at the Raleigh hydrogeologic research station, located in the Piedmont Physiographic Province of North Carolina. Data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality, from May 2005 through September 2007 are presented in this report. Three well clusters and four piezometers were installed at the Raleigh hydrogeologic research station along an assumed flow path from recharge to discharge areas. Each well cluster includes four wells to monitor the regolith, transition zone, and shallow and deep bedrock. Borehole, surface, and waterborne geophysics were conducted to examine the lithology and physical properties of the bedrock and to determine the aerial extent of near vertical diabase dikes. Slug tests were conducted in the wells at each cluster to determine the hydraulic conductivity of the formation tapped by each well. Periodic water-level altitudes were measured in all wells and in four piezometers. Continuous hourly water levels were measured in wells for variable periods of time during the study, and a surface-water gage collected 15-minute stage data from April to June 2006. In October 2005 and April 2006, water-quality samples were collected from a tributary and in all wells at the Raleigh hydrogeologic research station. Continuous water-quality data were collected hourly in three wells from December 2005 through January 2007 and every 15 minutes in the tributary from May to June 2006. In August 2006, streambed temperatures and drive-point ground-water samples were collected across lines of section spanning the Neuse River.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081377","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality","usgsCitation":"McSwain, K., Bolich, R.E., Chapman, M.J., and Huffman, B.A., 2009, Water-Resources Data and Hydrogeologic Setting at the Raleigh Hydrogeologic Research Station, Wake County, North Carolina, 2005-2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1377, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081377.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-05-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12347,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1377/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85,33.5 ], [ -85,37 ], [ -75,37 ], [ -75,33.5 ], [ -85,33.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edda4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McSwain, Kristen Bukowski","contributorId":104458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McSwain","given":"Kristen Bukowski","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bolich, Richard E.","contributorId":89615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolich","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chapman, Melinda J. 0000-0003-4021-0320 mjchap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4021-0320","contributorId":1597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Melinda","email":"mjchap@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huffman, Brad A. 0000-0003-4025-1325 bahuffma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1325","contributorId":1596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"Brad","email":"bahuffma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97289,"text":"ofr20081346 - 2009 - Detailed Geophysical Fault Characterization in Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:55","indexId":"ofr20081346","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1346","title":"Detailed Geophysical Fault Characterization in Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada","docAbstract":"Yucca Flat is a topographic and structural basin in the northeastern part of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) in Nye County, Nevada. Between the years 1951 and 1992, 659 underground nuclear tests took place in Yucca Flat; most were conducted in large, vertical excavations that penetrated alluvium and the underlying Cenozoic volcanic rocks.\r\n\r\nRadioactive and other potential chemical contaminants at the NTS are the subject of a long-term program of investigation and remediation by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Site Office, under its Environmental Restoration Program. As part of the program, the DOE seeks to assess the extent of contamination and to evaluate the potential risks to humans and the environment from byproducts of weapons testing. To accomplish this objective, the DOE Environmental Restoration Program is constructing and calibrating a ground-water flow model to predict hydrologic flow in Yucca Flat as part of an effort to quantify the subsurface hydrology of the Nevada Test Site. A necessary part of calibrating and evaluating a model of the flow system is an understanding of the location and characteristics of faults that may influence ground-water flow. In addition, knowledge of fault-zone architecture and physical properties is a fundamental component of the containment of the contamination from underground nuclear tests, should such testing ever resume at the Nevada Test Site.\r\n\r\nThe goal of the present investigation is to develop a detailed understanding of the geometry and physical properties of fault zones in Yucca Flat. This study was designed to investigate faults in greater detail and to characterize fault geometry, the presence of fault splays, and the fault-zone width. Integrated geological and geophysical studies have been designed and implemented to work toward this goal. \r\n\r\nThis report describes the geophysical surveys conducted near two drill holes in Yucca Flat, the data analyses performed, and the integrated interpretations developed from the suite of geophysical methodologies utilized in this investigation. Data collection for this activity started in the spring of 2005 and continued into 2006. A suite of electrical geophysical surveys were run in combination with ground magnetic surveys; these surveys resulted in high-resolution subsurface data that portray subsurface fault geometry at the two sites and have identified structures not readily apparent from surface geologic mapping, potential field geophysical data, or surface effects fracture maps.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081346","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office under Interagency Agreement DEAI52-07NV28100","usgsCitation":"Asch, T., Sweetkind, D., Burton, B., and Wallin, E.L., 2009, Detailed Geophysical Fault Characterization in Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1346, Report: vi, 64 p. + Appendixes (A1-A9, B1-B147), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081346.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 64 p. + Appendixes (A1-A9, B1-B147)","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12340,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1346/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.25,36.833333333333336 ], [ -116.25,37.25 ], [ -115.83333333333333,37.25 ], [ -115.83333333333333,36.833333333333336 ], [ -116.25,36.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667cd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asch, Theodore H.","contributorId":83617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asch","given":"Theodore H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S. dsweetkind@usgs.gov","contributorId":735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","email":"dsweetkind@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":1341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany L.","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallin, Erin L.","contributorId":70066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallin","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97290,"text":"ofr20091027 - 2009 - Patterns of Larval Sucker Emigration from the Sprague and Lower Williamson Rivers of the Upper Klamath Basin, Oregon, Prior to the Removal of Chiloquin Dam - 2006 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"ofr20091027","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1027","title":"Patterns of Larval Sucker Emigration from the Sprague and Lower Williamson Rivers of the Upper Klamath Basin, Oregon, Prior to the Removal of Chiloquin Dam - 2006 Annual Report","docAbstract":"In 2006, we collected larval Lost River sucker Deltistes luxatus (LRS), shortnose sucker Chasmistes brevirostris (SNS), and Klamath largescale sucker Catostomus snyderi (KLS) emigrating from spawning areas in the Williamson and Sprague Rivers. This work is part of a multi-year effort to characterize the relative abundance, drift timing, and length frequencies of larval suckers in this watershed prior to the removal of Chiloquin Dam on the lower Sprague River. Additional larval drift samples were collected from the Fremont Bridge on Lakeshore Drive on the south end of Upper Klamath Lake near its outlet to the Link River. Because of difficulties in distinguishing KLS larvae from SNS larvae, individuals identified as either of these two species were grouped together and reported as KLS-SNS in this report. We found that larval densities varied by site with the highest densities being collected at the most upstream site on the Sprague River at river kilometer (rkm) 108.0 near Beatty, Oregon (Beatty), and the most downstream sites near Chiloquin, Oregon; one site on the Sprague River at rkm 0.7 (Chiloquin) and the other site on the Williamson River at rkm 7.4 (Williamson). Larval catches were relatively small and sporadic at two other sites on the Sprague River located between Chiloquin and Beatty (Power Station at rkm 9.5 and Lone Pine at rkm 52.7) and one site on the Sycan River at rkm 4.7. Most larvae (79 percent) collected in 2006 were identified as LRS. More larvae and eggs were collected at Chiloquin than at any other site. The seasonal timing of larval drift varied by location; larvae generally were captured earlier at upstream sites than at downstream sites. Cumulative catch percentages of drifting larvae suggest that larval LRS emigrated earlier than KLS-SNS larvae at every site. Drift of LRS larvae at Beatty began 3 to 4 weeks earlier than at Chiloquin or Williamson. At Chiloquin, peak larval catches occurred 3 and 5 weeks after peak egg catches. The daily peak in larval drift at Chiloquin occurred approximately 1.5 to 2.0 hours after sunset. Nightly peak larval drift varied by location; larvae were captured earlier in the evening at sites closer to known spawning locations than sites farther away from these areas. The highest numerical catches of sucker-sized eggs were at Chiloquin indicating that this site is in close proximity to a spawning area. Numerical catches of older, more developed larval and juvenile suckers also were highest at Chiloquin. This may be due to the turbulent nature of this site, which could have swept larger fish into the drift. Proportional catches of older, more developed larval and juvenile suckers were highest at Sycan, Lone Pine, Power Station, and Fremont Bridge. This indicates these sites are located nearer to sucker nursery areas rather than spawning areas. Very few larval LRS were collected at Fremont Bridge at the south end of Upper Klamath Lake. Larval KLS-SNS densities at Fremont Bridge were the third highest of the seven sampling sites. Peak drift of larval KLS-SNS at Fremont Bridge occurred the week after peak drift of larval KLS-SNS at Williamson. Although inter-annual variation continues to appear in the larval drift data, our results continue to show consistent patterns of larval emigration in the drainage basin. In combination with data collected from the spawning movements and destinations of radio-tagged and PIT-tagged adult suckers, this larval drift data will provide a baseline standard by which to determine the effects of dam removal on the spawning distribution of endangered Klamath Basin suckers in the Sprague River.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091027","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Ellsworth, C.M., Tyler, T.J., VanderKooi, S., and Markle, D.F., 2009, Patterns of Larval Sucker Emigration from the Sprague and Lower Williamson Rivers of the Upper Klamath Basin, Oregon, Prior to the Removal of Chiloquin Dam - 2006 Annual Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1027, v, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091027.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12341,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1027/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688b37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellsworth, Craig M.","contributorId":14913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tyler, Torrey J.","contributorId":91199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyler","given":"Torrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"VanderKooi, Scott P.","contributorId":106584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanderKooi","given":"Scott P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Markle, Douglas F.","contributorId":14530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markle","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97285,"text":"ofr20091026 - 2009 - Detections of Acoustic-Tagged Green Sturgeon in Baker Bay on the Lower Columbia River during September - November 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:08","indexId":"ofr20091026","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1026","title":"Detections of Acoustic-Tagged Green Sturgeon in Baker Bay on the Lower Columbia River during September - November 2008","docAbstract":"Acoustic transmitters implanted in green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris) captured in rivers in California were detected by acoustic receivers deployed within and around Baker Bay. The receivers were deployed at eight locations in the Bay and adjacent navigation channels of the Lower Columbia River during a period of anticipated channel dredging. Three of the transmitters detected were confirmed to have been implanted into green sturgeon in previous years; two were from the Sacramento River and one was from the Klamath River. The transmitters (fish) were within detection range of the receivers for only a short period, which is consistent with findings of earlier studies that green sturgeon make rapid and extensive intra-estuary movements.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091026","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District","usgsCitation":"Parsley, M.J., 2009, Detections of Acoustic-Tagged Green Sturgeon in Baker Bay on the Lower Columbia River during September - November 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1026, iv, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091026.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","temporalStart":"2008-09-01","temporalEnd":"2008-11-30","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196501,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12336,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1026/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6679c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsley, Michael J. 0000-0003-0097-6364 mparsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0097-6364","contributorId":2608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsley","given":"Michael","email":"mparsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97284,"text":"ofr20081304 - 2009 - Generalized Skew Coefficients of Annual Peak Flows for Rural, Unregulated Streams in West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:31","indexId":"ofr20081304","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1304","title":"Generalized Skew Coefficients of Annual Peak Flows for Rural, Unregulated Streams in West Virginia","docAbstract":"Generalized skew was determined from analysis of records from 147 streamflow-gaging stations in or near West Virginia. The analysis followed guidelines established by the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data described in Bulletin 17B, except that stations having 50 or more years of record were used instead of stations with the less restrictive recommendation of 25 or more years of record. The generalized-skew analysis included contouring, averaging, and regression of station skews. The best method was considered the one with the smallest mean square error (MSE). MSE is defined as the following quantity summed and divided by the number of peaks: the square of the difference of an individual logarithm (base 10) of peak flow less the mean of all individual logarithms of peak flow. Contouring of station skews was the best method for determining generalized skew for West Virginia, with a MSE of about 0.2174. This MSE is an improvement over the MSE of about 0.3025 for the national map presented in Bulletin 17B.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081304","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with West Virginia Department of Transportation, Division of Highways","usgsCitation":"Atkins, J.T., Wiley, J.B., and Paybins, K.S., 2009, Generalized Skew Coefficients of Annual Peak Flows for Rural, Unregulated Streams in West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1304, iv, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081304.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12335,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1304/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84,37 ], [ -84,41 ], [ -77,41 ], [ -77,37 ], [ -84,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0c70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atkins, John T. jtatkins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkins","given":"John","email":"jtatkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiley, Jeffrey B.","contributorId":59746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paybins, Katherine S. 0000-0002-3967-5043 kpaybins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3967-5043","contributorId":2805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paybins","given":"Katherine","email":"kpaybins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97274,"text":"ofr20091014 - 2009 - Seasonal Distribution and Abundance of Larval and Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Hanks Marsh, Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuge, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2007 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:12","indexId":"ofr20091014","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1014","title":"Seasonal Distribution and Abundance of Larval and Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Hanks Marsh, Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuge, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2007 Annual Report","docAbstract":"In the summer of 2007, we undertook an assessment of larval and juvenile sucker use of Hanks Marsh in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. This 1,200-acre marsh on the southeastern shoreline of the lake represents part of the last remaining natural emergent wetland habitat in the lake. Because of the suspected importance of this type of habitat to larval and juvenile endangered Lost River and shortnose suckers, it was thought that sucker abundance in the marsh might be comparatively greater than in other non-vegetated areas of the lake. It also was hoped that Hanks Marsh would serve as a reference site for wetland restoration projects occurring in other areas of the lake. Our study had four objectives: to (1) examine seasonal distribution and relative abundance of larval suckers in and adjacent to Hanks Marsh in relation to habitat features such as depth, vegetation, water quality, and relative abundance of non-sucker species; (2) determine the presence or absence and describe the distribution of juvenile suckers [35 to 80 mm standard length (SL)] along the periphery of Hanks Marsh; (3) assess spatial and temporal overlap between larval suckers and their potential predators; and (4) assess suitability of water quality throughout the summer for young-of-the-year suckers. Due to the low number of suckers found in the marsh and our inability to thoroughly sample all marsh habitats due to declining lake levels during the summer, we were unable to completely address these objectives in this pilot study. The results, however, do give some indication of the relative use of Hanks Marsh by sucker and non-sucker species.\r\n\r\nThrough sampling of larval and juvenile suckers in various habitat types within the marsh, we determined that sucker use of Hanks Marsh may be very low in comparison with other areas of the lake. We caught only 42 larval and 19 juvenile suckers during 12 weeks of sampling throughout the marsh. Sucker catches were rare in Hanks Marsh, and were lower than catch rates in other marshes of Upper Klamath Lake and in other nearshore and offshore areas of the lake. Based on the few suckers we did capture in Hanks Marsh, larvae tended to be found more often in vegetated habitats. A modified sampling design and approach may be necessary to address the objectives in this study, given that declining lake-surface elevation prevented us from adequately sampling all portions of the marsh throughout the sampling season. \r\n\r\nCommon non-sucker species in Hanks Marsh included juvenile and adult brown bullhead, larval blue chub, tui chub, fathead minnow, and yellow perch. This species composition was similar to that of other marshes in Upper Klamath Lake but most species were found in lower numbers in Hanks Marsh than other marshes. It may be that use of Hanks Marsh is limited by poor water quality, which we found to exist at many sites after June. It also may be that access to or habitat in the marsh is limited at certain times of the year by low water. Although the results from this initial study of Hanks Marsh indicate that the area may have little direct benefit for sucker species, indirect benefits for these species possibly may come from its positive influence on some aspects of water quality in the lake, such as regulation of pH. It also may be the case that use of Hanks Marsh may vary by year and conditions; however, under the current scope of the study, we were unable to investigate inter-annual variability.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091014","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Anderson, G.O., Wilkens, A.X., Burdick, S.M., and VanderKooi, S., 2009, Seasonal Distribution and Abundance of Larval and Juvenile Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in Hanks Marsh, Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuge, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: 2007 Annual Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1014, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091014.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","temporalStart":"2007-04-01","temporalEnd":"2007-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12325,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1014/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc461","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Greer O.","contributorId":24459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Greer","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilkens, Alexander X.","contributorId":62688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkens","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"VanderKooi, Scott P.","contributorId":106584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanderKooi","given":"Scott P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97282,"text":"ofr20091020 - 2009 - Geochemical Analyses of Rock, Sediment, and Water from the Region In and Around the Tuba City Landfill, Tuba City, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:45","indexId":"ofr20091020","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1020","title":"Geochemical Analyses of Rock, Sediment, and Water from the Region In and Around the Tuba City Landfill, Tuba City, Arizona","docAbstract":"The Tuba City Landfill (TCL) started as an unregulated waste disposal site in the 1940s and was administratively closed in 1997. Since the TCL closure, radionuclides have been detected in the shallow ground water. In 2006, the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) contracted with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to better understand the source of radionuclides in the ground water at the TCL compared to the surrounding region. This report summarizes those data and presents interpretations that focus on the geochemistry in the rocks and water from the Tuba City region.\r\n\r\nThe TCL is sited on Navajo Sandstone above the contact with the Kayenta Formation. These formations are not rich in uranium but generally are below average crustal abundance values for uranium. Uranium ores in the area were mined nearby in the Chinle Formation and processed at the Rare Metals mill (RMM). Regional samples of rock, sediment, leachates, and water were collected in and around the TCL site and analyzed for major and minor elements, 18O, 2H, 3H, 13C, 14C,34S, 87Sr, and 234U/238U, as appropriate. Results of whole rock and sediment samples, along with leachates, suggest the Chinle Formation is a major source of uranium and other trace elements in the area. Regional water samples indicate that some of the wells within the TCL site have geochemical signatures that are different from the regional springs and surface water. The geochemistry from these TCL wells is most similar to leachates from the Chinle Formation rocks and sediments. Isotope samples do not uniquely identify TCL-derived waters, but they do provide a useful indicator for shallow compared to deep ground-water flow paths and general rock/water interaction times. Information in this report provides a comparison between the geochemistry within the TCL and in the region as a whole.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091020","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., and Wirt, L., 2009, Geochemical Analyses of Rock, Sediment, and Water from the Region In and Around the Tuba City Landfill, Tuba City, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1020, viii, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091020.","productDescription":"viii, 44 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12333,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1020/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.41666666666667,36 ], [ -111.41666666666667,36.25 ], [ -111,36.25 ], [ -111,36 ], [ -111.41666666666667,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae9f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97269,"text":"ofr20091011 - 2009 - Total selenium and selenium species in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, April and July 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T14:46:28","indexId":"ofr20091011","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1011","title":"Total selenium and selenium species in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, April and July 2008","docAbstract":"This report presents the results for two sampling periods (April 2008 and July 2008) during a 4-year monitoring program to characterize selenium concentrations in selected irrigation drains flowing into the Salton Sea, California. Total selenium, selenium species (dissolved selenite, selenate, organoselenium), and total suspended solids were determined in water samples and total selenium was determined in water column particulates and in sediment, detritus, and biota that included algae, plankton, midge larvae (family, Chironomidae), and two fish species - western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) and sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna). In addition, sediments were analyzed for percent total organic carbon and particle size. Mean total selenium concentrations in water for both sampling periods ranged from 1.93 to 44.2 micrograms per liter, predominately as selenate, which is typical of waters where selenium is leached out of selenium-containing marine shales and associated soils under alkaline and oxidizing conditions. Total selenium concentrations (micrograms per gram dry weight) ranged as follows: algae, 0.75 to 3.39; plankton, 0.88 to 4.03; midges, 2.52 to 44.3; fish, 3.37 to 18.9; detritus, 1.11 to 13.6; sediment, 0.11 to 8.93.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091011","usgsCitation":"May, T.W., Walther, M., Saiki, M.K., and Brumbaugh, W.G., 2009, Total selenium and selenium species in irrigation drain inflows to the Salton Sea, California, April and July 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1011, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091011.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-04-01","temporalEnd":"2008-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12319,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":334501,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1011/pdf/OF2009_1011.pdf","size":"508 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629a52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walther, Michael J. mwalther@usgs.gov","contributorId":2852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walther","given":"Michael J.","email":"mwalther@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saiki, Michael K.","contributorId":54671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97259,"text":"ofr20091019 - 2009 - Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:05","indexId":"ofr20091019","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1019","title":"Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2008","docAbstract":"A study to estimate the effects of Iron Gate Dam discharge on ESA-listed juvenile coho salmon during their seaward migration to the ocean was begun in 2005. Estimates of survival through various reaches of river downstream from the dam were completed in 2006, 2007, and 2008 as part of this process. This report describes the estimates of survival during 2008, and is a complement to similar reports from 2006 and 2007. In each year, a series of models were evaluated to determine apparent survival and recapture probabilities of radio-tagged fish in several river reaches between Iron Gate Hatchery at river kilometer 309 and a site at river kilometer 33. These results indicate most trends in survival among reaches were similar to those from 2006 and 2007, but the magnitudes of the estimated survivals were lower in 2008. The differences in survivals from Iron Gate Hatchery to river kilometer 33 in 2006 (0.653 SE 0.039), 2007 (0.497 SE 0.044), and 2008 (0.406 SE 0.032) were caused primarily by differences in survival upstream from the Scott River. This report is intended as a brief description of the survivals estimated from the fish released in 2008 to be used by others interested in the data.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091019","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Juhnke, S., and Hansel, H.C., 2009, Summary of Survival Data from Juvenile Coho Salmon in the Klamath River, Northern California, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1019, iv, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091019.","productDescription":"iv, 7 p.","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12309,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1019/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7f6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Juhnke, Steven","contributorId":43465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juhnke","given":"Steven","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansel, Hal C. 0000-0002-3537-8244 hhansel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-8244","contributorId":2887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansel","given":"Hal","email":"hhansel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}