{"pageNumber":"1408","pageRowStart":"35175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40871,"records":[{"id":29023,"text":"wri884181 - 1990 - Geology and ground-water resources of the Cockfield Formation in western Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:53","indexId":"wri884181","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4181","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of the Cockfield Formation in western Tennessee","docAbstract":"The Cockfield Formation of the Claiborne Group of Tertiary age underlies approximately 4,000 sq mi in western Tennessee. The formation consists primarily of lenticular beds of very fine to coarse sand, silt, clay, and lignite. The Cockfield Formation has been extensively eroded, and the original thickness is preserved only in a few areas where the formation ranges from 235 to 270 ft in thickness. Recharge to the Cockfield aquifer is from precipitation on sparse outcrops or by downward infiltration of water from the overlying fluvial deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age and alluvium of Quaternary age or, where present, the overlying Jackson Formation of Tertiary age. Data from two observation wells indicate that water levels have risen at average rates of about 0.5 and 0.7 ft/year during the period 1980-85. Water from the Cockfield aquifer is a calcium bicarbonate type that contains low concentrations of most major constituents, and generally is suitable for most uses. Dissolved-solids concentrations range from 44 to 218 mg/L. Data from two aquifer tests indicate transmissivities of 2,500 and 6 ,000 sq ft/day and storage coefficients of 0.0003 and 0.0007, respectively. The Cockfield aquifer presently provides small to moderate quantities of water for several public and industrial water supplies and small quantities to numerous domestic and farm wells. Withdrawals for public and industrial supplies in 1983 averaged about 3.3 million gal/day. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri884181","usgsCitation":"Parks, W.S., and Carmichael, J.K., 1990, Geology and ground-water resources of the Cockfield Formation in western Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4181, iv, 17 p. :ill. (some col.), one col. map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884181.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p. :ill. (some col.), one col. map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2290,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri88-4181","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_88_4181.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685834","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parks, W. S.","contributorId":99555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parks","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carmichael, J. K.","contributorId":90276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carmichael","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28448,"text":"wri904150 - 1990 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the St Peter aquifer in an area contaminated by coal-tar derivatives, St Louis Park, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-13T19:48:03.37146","indexId":"wri904150","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4150","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the St Peter aquifer in an area contaminated by coal-tar derivatives, St Louis Park, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>A model constructed to simulate ground-water flow in part of the Prairie du Chien-Jordan and St. Peter aquifers, St. Louis Park, Minnesota, was used to test hypotheses about the movement of ground water contaminated with coal-tar derivatives and to simulate alternatives for reducing the downgradient movement of contamination in the St. Peter aquifer. The model, constructed for a previous study, was applied to simulate the effects of current ground-water withdrawals on the potentiometric surface of the St. Peter aquifer. Multiaquifer wells served as conduits for vertical exchange of water from the St. Peter aquifer to the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer. Model simulations predict that the multiaquifer wells have the potential to limit downgradient migration of contaminants in the St. Peter aquifer caused by cones of depression created around the multiaquifer wells. Differences in vertical leakage to the St. Peter aquifer may exist in areas of bedrock valleys. Model simulations indicate that these differences are not likely to affect significantly the general patterns of ground-water flow.</p>\n<p>Model simulations also indicated that drawdown caused by pumping two wells, each pumping at 75 gallons per minute and located about 1 mile southeast of the source of contamination, would be effective in controlling movement and volume of contaminated ground water in the immediate area of the source of contamination. Some contamination may already have moved beyond the influence of these wells, however, because of a complex set of hydraulic conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri904150","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Lorenz, D., and Stark, J., 1990, Simulation of ground-water flow in the St Peter aquifer in an area contaminated by coal-tar derivatives, St Louis Park, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4150, v, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904150.","productDescription":"v, 37 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57251,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4150/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4150/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":408281,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47405.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"St. Louis Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.4988021850586,\n              44.87436239539944\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.4988021850586,\n              45.000009785501575\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.25504302978516,\n              45.000009785501575\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.25504302978516,\n              44.87436239539944\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.4988021850586,\n              44.87436239539944\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f26b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenz, D. L.","contributorId":10776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stark, J. R.","contributorId":100406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28496,"text":"wri894103 - 1990 - Geohydrology and numerical model analysis of ground-water flow in the Pullman-Moscow area, Washington and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-08T20:31:37.211838","indexId":"wri894103","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4103","title":"Geohydrology and numerical model analysis of ground-water flow in the Pullman-Moscow area, Washington and Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>The geohydrology of the Pullman, Washington-Moscow, Idaho area was investigated by mapping geohydrologic units, determining the distribution of hydraulic head in each unit, and determining some of the components of the water budget. This information was used to construct a three- dimensional groundwater-flow model that incorporates three layers--a surficial loess layer, a Wanapum Basalt layer, and a Grande Ronde Basalt layer. The model was used to assess the effects of changes in the rate of withdrawal of groundwater on the water levels in the geohydrologic units and on streamflow in the area. Recharge to the groundwater system was calculated independent of the model. It was determined that current farming practices use soil moisture more effectively than did natural vegetation, and these practices have reduced groundwater recharge by nearly 10%. The three-dimensional model was calibrated using the time- averaged method for the period 1974-85, and was evaluated by simulating historical pumpage rate changes (1890-1985) and comparing calculated with observed water-level changes. Model results indicate that groundwater levels would stop declining if pumpage were stabilized at a constant level. Levels will continue to decline into the foreseeable future, however, as long as groundwater pumpage continues to increase. The source of the additional simulated pumpage is streamflow depletion near pumping locations.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894103","usgsCitation":"Lum, W.E., Smoot, J.L., and Ralston, D.R., 1990, Geohydrology and numerical model analysis of ground-water flow in the Pullman-Moscow area, Washington and Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4103, vi, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894103.","productDescription":"vi, 73 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413884,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47204.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123416,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4103/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57298,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4103/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Pullman-Moscow area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.5,\n              47\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5,\n              46.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              46.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              47\n              ],\n            [\n              -117.5,\n              47\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8cca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lum, W. E. II","contributorId":81504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"W.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smoot, James L.","contributorId":13605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ralston, Dale R.","contributorId":100030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralston","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":36056,"text":"b1924 - 1990 - Geologic applications of modern aeromagnetic surveys : proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Workshop on Geologic Applications of Modern Aeromagnetic Surveys, held January 6-8, 1987, in Lakewood, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T20:16:24","indexId":"b1924","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1924","title":"Geologic applications of modern aeromagnetic surveys : proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Workshop on Geologic Applications of Modern Aeromagnetic Surveys, held January 6-8, 1987, in Lakewood, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b1924","usgsCitation":"1990, Geologic applications of modern aeromagnetic surveys : proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Workshop on Geologic Applications of Modern Aeromagnetic Surveys, held January 6-8, 1987, in Lakewood, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1924, vi, 106 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1924.","productDescription":"vi, 106 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":166348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1924/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64008,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1924/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7f29","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hanna, William F.","contributorId":82768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanna","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745729,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":36055,"text":"b1925 - 1990 - Developments and applications of modern airborne electromagnetic surveys : proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Workshop on Developments and Applications of Modern Airborne Electromagnetic Surveys, October 7-9, 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:41","indexId":"b1925","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1925","title":"Developments and applications of modern airborne electromagnetic surveys : proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Workshop on Developments and Applications of Modern Airborne Electromagnetic Surveys, October 7-9, 1987","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; Books and Open- File Reports Section, U.S. Geological Survey [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/b1925","usgsCitation":"Fitterman, D.V., 1990, Developments and applications of modern airborne electromagnetic surveys : proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Workshop on Developments and Applications of Modern Airborne Electromagnetic Surveys, October 7-9, 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1925, vi, 216 p. :ill. (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1925.","productDescription":"vi, 216 p. :ill. (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":166231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1925/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64004,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1925/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64005,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1925/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64006,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1925/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64007,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1925/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65dd41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitterman, David V. dfitterman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitterman","given":"David","email":"dfitterman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":215688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":47480,"text":"b1737C - 1990 - Mineral Resources of the Black Mountains North and Burns Spring Wilderness Study Areas, Mohave County, Arizona","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47480,"text":"b1737C - 1990 - Mineral Resources of the Black Mountains North and Burns Spring Wilderness Study Areas, Mohave County, Arizona","indexId":"b1737C","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Mineral Resources of the Black Mountains North and Burns Spring Wilderness Study Areas, Mohave County, Arizona"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":39795,"text":"b1737 - 1989 - Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona","indexId":"b1737","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":39795,"text":"b1737 - 1989 - Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona","indexId":"b1737","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-09T08:50:29","indexId":"b1737C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1737","chapter":"C","title":"Mineral Resources of the Black Mountains North and Burns Spring Wilderness Study Areas, Mohave County, Arizona","docAbstract":"At the request of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, approximately 19,300 acres of the Black Mountains North Wilderness Study Area (AZ-020-009) and 23,310 acres of the Burns Spring Wilderness Study Area (AZ-02D-010) were evaluated for mineral resources and mineral resource potential. In this report, the area studied is referred to, collectively or individually, as the 'wilderness study area' or simply 'the study area'; any reference to the Black Mountains North or Burns Spring Wilderness Study Areas refers only to that part of the wilderness study area for which a mineral survey was requested by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. The study area is located in western Arizona, about 30 mi northwest of Kingman. There are no identified resources in the study area. An area surrounding the Portland mine and including the southern part of the Black Mountains North Wilderness Study Area and the extreme northwestern part of the Burns Spring Wilderness Study Area has high resource potential for gold and moderate resource potential for silver, lead, and mercury. The area surrounding this and including much of the northern part of the Burns Spring Wilderness Study Area has moderate potential for gold, silver, and lead. The northeastern corner of the Black Mountains North Wilderness Study Area has moderate potential for gold and low potential for silver, copper, and molybdenum resources. The central part, including the narrow strip of land just west of the central part, of the Black Mountains North Wilderness Study Area and the southern and extreme eastern parts of the Burns Spring Wilderness Study Area have low resource potential for gold. The central and southern parts of the Black Mountains North Wilderness Study Area and all but the southwestern part of the Burns Spring Wilderness Study Area have moderate resource potential for perlite. Moderate resource potential for zeolites is assigned to a large area around the Portland mine that includes parts of both study areas, to a narrow strip of land just west of the central part of the Black Mountains North Wilderness Study Area, and to all but the southwest corner of the Burns Spring Wilderness Study Area. There is no potential for oil and gas in either study area. Sand and gravel are present in both study areas, but abundant quantities of these resources are available closer to existing markets.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1737C","usgsCitation":"Conrad, J.E., Hill, R., Jachens, R.C., and Neubert, J.T., 1990, Mineral Resources of the Black Mountains North and Burns Spring Wilderness Study Areas, Mohave County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1737, Report: vi, C1-C22; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1737C.","productDescription":"Report: vi, C1-C22; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":84419,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1737c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84420,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1737c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":172281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1737c/report-thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.75,35 ], [ -114.75,35.75 ], [ -114,35.75 ], [ -114,35 ], [ -114.75,35 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6357a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conrad, James E. 0000-0001-6655-694X jconrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6655-694X","contributorId":2316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrad","given":"James","email":"jconrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":235484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Randall H.","contributorId":46069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Randall H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":235483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neubert, John T.","contributorId":57137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neubert","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":47482,"text":"b1737E - 1990 - Mineral Resources of the Wabayuma Peak Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47482,"text":"b1737E - 1990 - Mineral Resources of the Wabayuma Peak Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona","indexId":"b1737E","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Mineral Resources of the Wabayuma Peak Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":39795,"text":"b1737 - 1989 - Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona","indexId":"b1737","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":39795,"text":"b1737 - 1989 - Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona","indexId":"b1737","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-09T08:50:14","indexId":"b1737E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1737","chapter":"E","title":"Mineral Resources of the Wabayuma Peak Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona","docAbstract":"The Wabayuma Peak Wilderness Study Area (AZ-020-037/043), for which a mineral survey was requested by the U.S. Bureau of land Management, encompasses 40,118 acres in northwestern Arizona. Fieldwork was carried out in 1986-88 by the U.S. Bureau of Mines and the U.S. Geological Survey to appraise the identified (known) resources and assess the mineral resource potential (undiscovered) of the wilderness study area. Within the Wabayuma Peak Wilderness Study Area are 14 private parcels of land totaling 1,315 acres. The Wabayuma Peak Wilderness Study Area, including the 14 private parcels of land, is herein referred to as the 'wilderness study area' or the 'study area'. The Boriana, Antler, and Copper World mines lie near the east boundary of the study area. The Boriana mine was a major tungsten-producing mine of the United States during World War II. The Antler and Copper World mines produced relatively small amounts of copper and zinc prior to 1970.\r\n\r\nCopper and zinc were mined within 100 ft of the study area at the Antler mine. The Antler mine contains subeconomic resources of 350,000 to 400,000 short tons of copper-zinc ore; a minimum of 2,000 short tons, at grades of 1 to 4 percent copper and 1 to 2 percent zinc, lie within the study area. No other mineral resources were identified within the study area.\r\n\r\nFour small tracts in the eastern part and one in the central part of the study area have high resource potential for copper, zinc, and minor lead, silver, and gold in massive sulfide deposits. A large central tract and two eastern tracts have moderate resource potential for the same metals. An eastern and a western tract within the wilderness study area have high resource potential for tungsten, copper, and combinations of beryllium, gold, silver, arsenic, bismuth, molybdenum, tin, indium, thorium, niobium, yttrium, lanthanum, scandium, tantalum, rhenium, lead, zinc, and iron in granite-related tungsten-polymetallic vein deposits. Most of the rest of the study area has moderate resource potential for these metals. A northern tract in the study area has moderate resource potential for gold, copper, and combinations of silver, zinc, lead, tungsten, and molybdenum in polymetallic vein deposits of several types.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1737E","usgsCitation":"Conway, C.M., Hassemer, J.R., Knepper, D.H., Pitkin, J.A., Jachens, R.C., and Chatman, M.L., 1990, Mineral Resources of the Wabayuma Peak Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1737, Report: viii, E1-E52; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1737E.","productDescription":"Report: viii, E1-E52; 1 plate in pocket","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1737e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84422,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1737e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84423,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1737e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,34.583333333333336 ], [ -114.5,35.25 ], [ -113.5,35.25 ], [ -113.5,34.583333333333336 ], [ -114.5,34.583333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6357de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conway, Clay M.","contributorId":106860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Clay","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hassemer, Jerry R.","contributorId":79448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hassemer","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knepper, Daniel H. dknepper@usgs.gov","contributorId":1242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knepper","given":"Daniel","email":"dknepper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":235496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitkin, James A.","contributorId":96651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitkin","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":235495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chatman, Mark L.","contributorId":97878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chatman","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":28540,"text":"wri894145 - 1990 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in eastern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri894145","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4145","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in eastern Arkansas","docAbstract":"The U.S Geological Survey has developed and calibrated a digital model of the flow system in the alluvial aquifer as part of a multiagency Eastern Arkansas Region Comprehensive Study being conducted by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. Other cooperating agencies include the U.S. Soil Conservation Service, the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission,  and the University of Arkansas. The study was prompted by the growing concern about significant water level declines in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer north of the Arkansas River in eastern Arkansas. The declines are a result of large groundwater withdrawals, mainly for irrigation. After calibration, the flow model was used to simulate the effects of projected groundwater pumpage through the year 2050, based on estimates made by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service for pumpage scenarios with and without water conservation measures. Simulations of projected pumpage indicated that by the year 2050 water level declines would reduce the saturated thickness of the aquifer to less than 20 ft in large areas of eastern Arkansas. More than 26% of the active cells in the scenario without conservation had saturated thicknesses of 20 ft or less and mroe than 16% in the scenario with conservation. The principal areas where the saturated thickness is expected to reach these critical levels are in the Grand Prairie region and in two areas on the east and west sides of Crowleys Ridge. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894145","usgsCitation":"Mahon, G., and Ludwig, A.H., 1990, Simulation of ground-water flow in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in eastern Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4145, v, 26, I-57 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm. [83 p. - PGS], https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894145.","productDescription":"v, 26, I-57 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm. [83 p. - PGS]","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159227,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57353,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57354,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57355,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57356,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57357,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57358,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57372,"rank":419,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-20.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57373,"rank":420,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-21.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57374,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57359,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57360,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57361,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57362,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57363,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57364,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57365,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57366,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57367,"rank":414,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-15.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57368,"rank":415,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-16.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57369,"rank":416,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-17.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57370,"rank":417,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-18.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57371,"rank":418,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4145/plate-19.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a26f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahon, G.L. 0000-0002-7410-0261","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-0261","contributorId":28636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahon","given":"G.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ludwig, A. H.","contributorId":63007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludwig","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28934,"text":"wri874156 - 1990 - Appraisal of the water resources of the Skunk Creek Aquifer in Minnehaha County, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:48","indexId":"wri874156","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4156","title":"Appraisal of the water resources of the Skunk Creek Aquifer in Minnehaha County, South Dakota","docAbstract":"The Skunk Creek aquifer, a major glacial outwash deposit in the Skunk Creek drainage basin, consists of a 30-sq-mi shallow stream connected sand and gravel aquifer in southeastern South Dakota. The aquifer thickness ranges from 1 to 74 ft. Average annual fluctuation of the water table is 2.5 ft. The water has an average dissolved-solids content of 620 mg/L and is very hard , averaging 403 mg/L calcium carbonate hardness. A numerical model was developed and calibrated under steady-state and transient conditions. The model contained 484 active nodes each representing 0.0625 sq mi. Hydraulic conductivities of the aquifer used in the model range from 10 to 400 ft/d, and average specific yield is 20%. Recharge from infiltration of precipitation was estimated to be 6 inches/yr or 24% of average annual precipitation. Maximum evapotranspiration rate was 32 inches/yr and the evapotranspiration extinction depth for the model was 5 ft. The steady-state hydrologic budget was about 11 ,000 acre-ft/yr. Recharge by precipitation was about 9,500 acre-ft and recharge from streams was about 1,100 acre-ft. Discharge by evapotranspiration was about 5,000 acre-ft and discharge to streams was about 5,700 acre-ft. A hypothetical simulation to determine maximum withdrawal under steady-state conditions resulted in a groundwater withdrawal of about 15,700 acre-ft/yr from 19 hypothetical wells pumping at a rate of 500 gal/min and 13 existing wells pumping at a combined average rate of 24 gal/min. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports, [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri874156","usgsCitation":"Ohland, G., 1990, Appraisal of the water resources of the Skunk Creek Aquifer in Minnehaha County, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4156, v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874156.","productDescription":"v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4156/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57807,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4156/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a3eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ohland, G.L.","contributorId":45749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohland","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28580,"text":"wri894189 - 1990 - Calibration and sensitivity analysis of a ground-water flow model of the coastal lowlands aquifer system in parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri894189","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4189","title":"Calibration and sensitivity analysis of a ground-water flow model of the coastal lowlands aquifer system in parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894189","usgsCitation":"Martin, A., and Whiteman, C.D., 1990, Calibration and sensitivity analysis of a ground-water flow model of the coastal lowlands aquifer system in parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4189, vi, 54 p. (some folded) :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894189.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p. (some folded) :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126549,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4189/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57403,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4189/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57404,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4189/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57405,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4189/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57406,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4189/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57407,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4189/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f95b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Angel Jr.","contributorId":42571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Angel","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whiteman, C. D. Jr.","contributorId":20367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiteman","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28594,"text":"wri904031 - 1990 - Effects of channel modifications on the hydrology of Chicod Creek basin, North Carolina, 1975-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T11:42:32","indexId":"wri904031","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4031","title":"Effects of channel modifications on the hydrology of Chicod Creek basin, North Carolina, 1975-87","docAbstract":"Drainage modifications in this Coastal Plain basin from 1978 to 1981 consisted of channel excavation and clearing of blockages. A study was begun in 1975 to define hydrologic conditions of the basin before, during, and after modifications and to determine what changes were attributed to modifications. Surface-water conditions were altered during and following modifications. Minimum flow at Juniper Branch was increased from less than 0.1 cu ft/sec to 0.4 cu ft/second;streamflow variability was reduced from an index of 0.87 to 0.49. In-channel velocity at Chicod Creek was increased from a mean of 0.4 ft/sec to 1.5 ft/sec. Substantial groundwater level declines were observed in wells 180 and 250 ft from Juniper Branch during the modifications phase;these were 0.4 and 0.2 ft, respectively. However, most surface-water and groundwater conditions returned nearly to premodification levels by 1987. Water-quality characteristics monitored during the investigation included physical, chemical, and bacteriological characteristics. Physical characteristics monitored were suspended sediment, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH. Of these physical characteristics, only sediment concentrations increased substantially during channel modifications. Chemical characteristics studied were major dissolved constituents, nutrients, trace metals, and pesticides. Substantial changes ranged from a decline in total iron concentrations of 77% to an increase in total nitrite concentrations of 130%. Changes in many chemical characteristics persisted following channel modifications. Bacterial counts did not change substantially.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri904031","usgsCitation":"Mason, R., Simmons, C., and Watkins, S., 1990, Effects of channel modifications on the hydrology of Chicod Creek basin, North Carolina, 1975-87: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4031, vii, 83 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904031.","productDescription":"vii, 83 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57423,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4031/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4031/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Chicod Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.167724609375,\n              35.55010533588552\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.167724609375,\n              36.41244153535644\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.86035156249999,\n              36.41244153535644\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.86035156249999,\n              35.55010533588552\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.167724609375,\n              35.55010533588552\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db6234c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mason, R.R. Jr.","contributorId":71590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"R.R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, C.E.","contributorId":32572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watkins, S.A.","contributorId":83962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watkins","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":33349,"text":"b1733E - 1990 - Mineral resources of the Chamisa, Empedrado, and La Lena wilderness Study Areas, Sandoval and McKinley Counties, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:24","indexId":"b1733E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1733","chapter":"E","title":"Mineral resources of the Chamisa, Empedrado, and La Lena wilderness Study Areas, Sandoval and McKinley Counties, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b1733E","usgsCitation":"Modreski, P., Nowlan, G., Hanna, W.F., and Schreiner, R., 1990, Mineral resources of the Chamisa, Empedrado, and La Lena wilderness Study Areas, Sandoval and McKinley Counties, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1733, vi, 22 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;29 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1733E.","productDescription":"vi, 22 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;29 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1733e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61181,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1733e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":61182,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1733e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a93e4b07f02db658804","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Modreski, P.J.","contributorId":98335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Modreski","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowlan, G.A.","contributorId":99131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowlan","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanna, W. F.","contributorId":6835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanna","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schreiner, R.A.","contributorId":66754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiner","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26407,"text":"wri904009 - 1990 - Regional evaluation of hydrologic factors and effects of pumping, St Peter-Jordan aquifer, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-14T21:38:06.81929","indexId":"wri904009","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4009","title":"Regional evaluation of hydrologic factors and effects of pumping, St Peter-Jordan aquifer, Iowa","docAbstract":"<p>The St. Peter-Jordan aquifer includes the Cambrian Jordan Sandstone and the overlying Ordovician Prairie du Chien Group and St. Peter Sandstone. The aquifer is present throughout Iowa and is confined beneath other aquifers in much of the State. Information on the aquifer available from drillers and contractors, provided estimates of aquifer transmissivity values ranging from about 500 to about 3,000 square feet per day. The largest transmissivity values are for dolomite and dolomite-cemented sandstone, indicating that permeability in much of the aquifer is due to secondary fractures. The aquifer is vertically bounded by an upper leaky confining unit with a vertical hydraulic conductivity of 10<sup>-10</sup> feet per second.</p>\n<p>The aquifer was simulated using a two-layer finite-difference ground-water flow model. The upper layer simulated a source bed in aquifers composed of Silurian and Devonian rocks overlying the St. Peter-Jordan aquifer. The lower layer simulated flow in the St. Peter-Jordan aquifer. Lateral boundaries assigned in the model include constant heads in northeastern Iowa, where the aquifer is in contact with the Mississippi River or is unconfined, and no-flow boundaries in western and northwestern Iowa, where the rocks are insufficiently permeable to form an aquifer. The aquifer boundaries to the north, east, and south of Iowa were determined by geohydrologic conditions and the relation of the St. Peter-Jordan aquifer with the lateral extent of adjacent aquifers.</p>\n<p>An assumption that the largest part of recharge to the aquifer is from outcrop areas in northeastern Iowa and from Minnesota is not supported by the results of this study. Vertical leakage from overlying rocks accounted for most of the recharge to the aquifer in northwestern Iowa. Discharge is mostly through lateral boundaries and to rivers.</p>\n<p>Pumping has caused changes in the flow system that include regional declines in the potentiometric surface of the aquifer. Simulation indicates that pumping through 1980 increased net vertical leakage into the aquifer to about double the predevelopment rate. Discharge across lateral boundaries has been substantially reduced or reversed by pumping. Aquifer storage provided about one-third of the water required to supply pumping in the 1970's. Simulation of future conditions, assuming no increase in pumping rates, indicates that the rate of decline in water levels will decrease by the year 2020. As equilibrium with pumping is approached in 2020, 75 percent of the pumpage will be balanced by vertical leakage, eight percent by water released from aquifer storage, and 17 percent by increases in boundary recharge or decreases in boundary discharge. Future pumping at an increasing rate of about 10 percent per decade of the average pumping rate in 1975 will require about one and one-half times the vertical leakage of the 1971-1980 period and about fivetimes the net inflow from lateral boundaries; however, the rate of water released from aquifer storage will be about half the 1970's rate. Under these conditions, the head in the aquifer will continue to decline at an almost constant rate until 2020.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri904009","usgsCitation":"Burkart, M.R., and Buchmiller, R., 1990, Regional evaluation of hydrologic factors and effects of pumping, St Peter-Jordan aquifer, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4009, vi, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904009.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410504,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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,{"id":30428,"text":"wri894167 - 1990 - Effects of urbanization on peak streamflows in four Connecticut communities, 1980-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-13T21:10:03.077897","indexId":"wri894167","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4167","title":"Effects of urbanization on peak streamflows in four Connecticut communities, 1980-84","docAbstract":"Ratios of peak flows in urban basins to peak flows in rural basins in Connecticut are about 1.5 to 6.1 for the 2-year flood and 1.1 to 4.3 for the 100-year flood. The lower ratios, in each case, apply where 30% of the area is served by storm sewers, and the higher ratios apply where 90% of the area is served by storm sewers. Peak flows for six small urban streams were determined from rainfall and runoff data collected from 1981 to 1984 and from a distributed-routing rainfall-runoff model that simulated storm runoff for the period 1951-80. Recurrence intervals of the peak flows for these streams and three other urban streams were estimated using the log-Pearson Type III method and compared with peak flows for rural streams that were computed from regression equations. A comparison of the ratios of urban to rural peak flows shows that basins where more than 50% of the area is served by storm sewers have urban to rural ratios that are outside the 95% confidence limits of the rural regression equations. Peak flows for such areas can be adjusted graphically for the effects of urbanization if the streams drain less than 10 sq mi and manmade storage is less than 4.5 million cu ft/sq mi. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894167","usgsCitation":"Weiss, L., 1990, Effects of urbanization on peak streamflows in four Connecticut communities, 1980-84: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4167, Report: v, 40 p.; 4 Plates: 21.06 x 26.95 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894167.","productDescription":"Report: v, 40 p.; 4 Plates: 21.06 x 26.95 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":59206,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4167/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":466161,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47253.htm","text":"Freshwater Brook drainage basin","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":466162,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47254.htm","text":"Piper and Willow Brooks drainage basins","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":466160,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47252.htm","text":"Betts Pond and Keelers Brooks drainage 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 \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db60fe79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, L.A.","contributorId":95098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28633,"text":"wri894183 - 1990 - A conceptual weather-type classification procedure for the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-11T14:59:55","indexId":"wri894183","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4183","title":"A conceptual weather-type classification procedure for the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, area","docAbstract":"<p>A simple method of weather-type classification, based on a conceptual model of pressure systems that pass through the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, area, has been developed. The only inputs required for the procedure are daily mean wind direction and cloud cover, which are used to index the relative position of pressure systems and fronts to Philadelphia.</p><p>Daily mean wind-direction and cloud-cover data recorded at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from January 1954 through August 1988 were used to categorize daily weather conditions. The conceptual weather types reflect changes in daily air and dew-point temperatures, and changes in monthly mean temperature and monthly and annual precipitation. The weather-type classification produced by using the conceptual model was similar to a classification produced by using a multivariate statistical classification procedure. Even though the conceptual weather types are derived from a small amount of data, they appear to account for the variability of daily weather patterns sufficiently to describe distinct weather conditions for use in environmental analyses of weather-sensitive processes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894183","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., 1990, A conceptual weather-type classification procedure for the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, area: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4183, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894183.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","city":"Philadelphia","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b26e4b07f02db6afbda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":1453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory J.","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":200146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30435,"text":"wri874062 - 1990 - Geothermal resources of the western arm of the Black Rock Desert, northwestern Nevada: Part II, aqueous geochemistry and hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-02T21:22:21.188793","indexId":"wri874062","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4062","title":"Geothermal resources of the western arm of the Black Rock Desert, northwestern Nevada: Part II, aqueous geochemistry and hydrology","docAbstract":"<p>The western arm of the Black Rock Desert, Nevada, includes several distinct hydrothermal systems, some of which exceed 150 C and may exceed 200 C at depth, determined on the basis of chemical geothermometry. The cation composition of the thermal water appears to be controlled by aluminosilicate minerals that are common in other active geothermal systems. Estimates of the equilibrium temperatures at which some mineral pairs are stable, when compared with the more commonly applied geothermometer estimates, indicate that thermodynamic data may be useful for estimating deep aquifer temperatures. Thermal water at Great Boiling and Mud Springs, which has a chloride concentration of about 2,000 mg/L and a total dissolved-solids concentration of 4 ,500 mg/L, appears to have been affected by shallow evapotranspiration in an adjacent playa prior to deep circulation. This model of recharge within the basin floor is distinctly different from models proposed for most other geothermal systems in the northern Great Basin.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874062","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., and Preissler, A.M., 1990, Geothermal resources of the western arm of the Black Rock Desert, northwestern Nevada: Part II, aqueous geochemistry and hydrology: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4062, vi, 91 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874062.","productDescription":"vi, 91 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395309,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46739.htm"},{"id":59213,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4062/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4062/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Black Rock Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.5167,\n              40.6417\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.9228,\n              40.6417\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.9228,\n              41.4431\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.5167,\n              41.4431\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.5167,\n              40.6417\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ae7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, A. H.","contributorId":14836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Preissler, A. M.","contributorId":85230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preissler","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27747,"text":"wri904044 - 1990 - Effects of storm-water runoff on local ground-water quality, Clarksville, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri904044","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4044","title":"Effects of storm-water runoff on local ground-water quality, Clarksville, Tennessee","docAbstract":"Storm-related water-quality data were collected at a drainage-well site and at a spring site in Clarksville, Tennessee, to define the effects of storm-water runoff on the quality of ground water in the area. A dye-trace test verified the direct hydraulic connection between the drainage well and Mobley Spring. Samples of storm run off and spring flow were collected at these sites for nine storms during the period February to October 1988. Water samples were collected also from Mobley Spring and two other springs and two observation wells in the area during dry-weather conditions to assess the general quality of ground water in an urban karst terrain.\r\n\r\nEvaluation of the effect of storm-water runoff on the quality of local ground water is complicated by the presence of other sources of contaminants in the area Concentrations and load for most major constituents were much smaller in storm-water runoff at the drainage well than in the discharge of Mobley Spring, indicating that much of the chemical constituent load discharged from the spring comes from sources other than the drainage well. However, for some of the minor constituents associated with roadway runoff (arsenic, copper, lead, organic carbon, and oil and grease), the drainage well contributed relatively large amounts of these constituents to local ground water during storms. The close correlation between concentrations of total organic carbon and concentrations of most trace metals at the drainage-well and Mobley Spring sites indicates that these constituents are transported together. Many trace metals were flushed early during each runoff event.\r\n\r\nMean storm loads for copper, lead, zinc, and four nutrient species (total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and orthophosphorus) in storm-water runoff at the drainage-well site were lower than mean storm load predicted from an existing regression model. The overprediction by the model may be a result of the small size of the drainage area relative to the range of drainage areas used in the development of the models, or to the below-normal amounts of rainfall during the period of sampling for this investigation. Loads& in storm-water runoff for 22 constituents were extrapolated from sampled storms to total loads for the period February to October 1988. Calculated loads for trace metals for the period ranged from 0.030pound.s for cadmium to 12pound.s for strontium. Loads of the primary nutrients ranged from 0.97pounds for nitrite as nitrogen to 34pounds of organic nitrogen.\r\n\r\nStorm-water quality at the drainage-well and Mobley Spring sites was compared to background water quality of the local aquifer; as characterized by dry-weather samples from three springs and two observation wells in the Clarksville area. Concentrations of total-recoverable cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, and nickel were higher in many stormwater samples from both the drainage-well and Mobley Spring sites than in samples from any other site. In addition, concentrations of total organic carbon, methylene blue active substances, and total-recoverable oil and grease were generally higher in storm-water samples from the drainage-well site than in any ground-water sample.\r\n\r\nDensities of fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus bacteria and concentrations of total recoverable iron, manganese, and methylene blue active substances in storm samples from the drainage-well site exceeded the maximum contaminant levels listed in Tennessee?s drinking-water standards (1988) by as much as 2,500 and 5,500 colonies per 100 milliliters, and 2.7, 0.29, and 0.05 milligrams per liter, respectively. Densities of fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus bacteria and concentrations of total-recoverable iron, manganese, and lead in storm samples from Mobley Spring exceeded the maximum contaminant levels by as much as 500 and 4,500 colonies per 100 milliliters, and 18.7,0.65, and 0.02 milligrams per liter, respectively. For iron, manganese, and bacteria, these undesirable","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri904044","usgsCitation":"Hoos, A.B., 1990, Effects of storm-water runoff on local ground-water quality, Clarksville, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4044, v, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904044.","productDescription":"v, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2124,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri904044/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":118725,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_90_4044.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb0be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoos, Anne B. abhoos@usgs.gov","contributorId":2236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoos","given":"Anne","email":"abhoos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":198634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27745,"text":"wri904000 - 1990 - Assessing the response of Emerald Lake, an alpine watershed in Sequoia National Park, California, to acidification during snowmelt by using a simple hydrochemical model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri904000","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4000","title":"Assessing the response of Emerald Lake, an alpine watershed in Sequoia National Park, California, to acidification during snowmelt by using a simple hydrochemical model","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri904000","usgsCitation":"Hooper, R.P., West, C., and Peters, N., 1990, Assessing the response of Emerald Lake, an alpine watershed in Sequoia National Park, California, to acidification during snowmelt by using a simple hydrochemical model: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4000, v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904000.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118724,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4000/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56590,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4000/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672a0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooper, R. P.","contributorId":26321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"West, C.T.","contributorId":104930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28838,"text":"wri874200 - 1990 - Geochemistry of batch-extract waters derived from spoil material collected at the Cordero coal mine, Powder River basin, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:49","indexId":"wri874200","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4200","title":"Geochemistry of batch-extract waters derived from spoil material collected at the Cordero coal mine, Powder River basin, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Batch-mixing experiments to evaluate postmining water quality at the Cordero Mine were conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1984 to 1985. Contact of groundwater from the spoil aquifer with fresh spoil material caused only small changes in major-element concentrations and in pH, unless sulfide oxidation or contact with soluble salts, such as epsomite, occurred. In contrast, large changes in major-element concentration resulted when water from the coal aquifer contacted the spoil material. Only three of seven reaction models considered to explain the water quality changes during the batch-mixing experiments were consistent with the thermodynamic and mineralogical data. The three models used to account for the observed water quality changes derived potassium from potassium feldspar; magnesium from chlorite or epsomite or both; sodium from cation exchange and halite; chloride from halite; silica from potassium feldspar and chlorite; sulfate from gypsum, or epsomite or both, and carbon from carbon dioxide. In general, water quality samples obtained from the batch-mixing experiments using water from the coal aquifer had smaller major-ion concentrations than the actual water quality in the spoil aquifer. These differences can be explained by the limited amount of efflorescent salt dissolution and volume of water used in the experiments. Correction ratios calculated for these experiments may be applied to batch-mixing experiments at other mines in the area, to predict postmining water quality. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri874200","usgsCitation":"Naftz, D.L., 1990, Geochemistry of batch-extract waters derived from spoil material collected at the Cordero coal mine, Powder River basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4200, vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874200.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122763,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4200/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57713,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4200/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a844c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naftz, D. L.","contributorId":40624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27692,"text":"wri904048 - 1990 - PRECONDITIONED CONJUGATE-GRADIENT 2 (PCG2), a computer program for solving ground-water flow equations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri904048","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4048","title":"PRECONDITIONED CONJUGATE-GRADIENT 2 (PCG2), a computer program for solving ground-water flow equations","docAbstract":"This report documents PCG2 : a numerical code to be used with the U.S. Geological Survey modular three-dimensional, finite-difference, ground-water flow model . PCG2 uses the preconditioned conjugate-gradient method to solve the equations produced by the model for hydraulic head. Linear or nonlinear flow conditions may be simulated. PCG2 includes two reconditioning options : modified incomplete Cholesky preconditioning, which is efficient on scalar computers; and polynomial preconditioning, which requires less computer storage and, with modifications that depend on the computer used, is most efficient on vector computers . Convergence of the solver is determined using both head-change and residual criteria. Nonlinear problems are solved using Picard iterations. This documentation provides a description of the preconditioned conjugate gradient method and the two preconditioners, detailed instructions for linking PCG2 to the modular model, sample data inputs, a brief description of PCG2, and a FORTRAN listing.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section,","doi":"10.3133/wri904048","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., 1990, PRECONDITIONED CONJUGATE-GRADIENT 2 (PCG2), a computer program for solving ground-water flow equations: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4048, iii, 43 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904048.","productDescription":"iii, 43 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2226,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri904048/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_90_4048.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689e20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":198547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29587,"text":"wri904001 - 1990 - Effects of present and projected ground-water withdrawals on the Twin Cities aquifer system, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T10:26:08","indexId":"wri904001","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4001","title":"Effects of present and projected ground-water withdrawals on the Twin Cities aquifer system, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>The Twin Cities aquifer system in Minnesota contains 5 aquifers and 4 confining units composed of 14 stratigraphic units. Bedrock aquifers consist of friable sandstones and highly fractured carbonate rocks; aquifers in the glacial drift consist of outwash and alluvium. From 1880 to 1980, groundwater withdrawals had caused long-term declines of water levels of as much as 90 feet in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer and 240 feet in the deeper Mount Simon-Hinckley aquifer--the two major sources of ground-water supplies in the area. A steady-state model of ground-water flow was used successfully to simulate the potentiometric surfaces of the aquifers during the 1970's. assuming a withdrawal rate of about 190 million gallons per day from the entire system.</p>\n<p>Projected changes in population and industrial development suggest that future ground-water withdrawals may increase from those for the 1970's. Steady-state model results indicate that the potentiometric surface of the Mount Simon-Hinckley aquifer would be lowered as much as 400 feet if pumpage from that aquifer were increased by 125 percent above 1980 ground-water withdrawal rates of about 200 million gallons per day. The potentiometric surface of the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer also would be lowered as much as 400 feet if pumpage from that aquifer were increased by 200 percent above 1980 ground-water withdrawals of 160 million gallons per day. Given the projected distribution of future ground-water development, and the limitations inherent in simulating ground-water flow, the model results indicate that an approximate limit of ground-water availability in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, is from about 500 to 800 million gallons per day.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri904001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and Metropolitan Council of the Twin Cities","usgsCitation":"Schoenberg, M., 1990, Effects of present and projected ground-water withdrawals on the Twin Cities aquifer system, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4001, viii, 165 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904001.","productDescription":"viii, 165 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58415,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4001/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4001/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Twin Cities Metropolitan Area","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-93.5093,45.4163],[-93.1289,45.4153],[-93.0186,45.4131],[-93.0188,45.2984],[-92.7894,45.297],[-92.7439,45.2963],[-92.7516,45.2935],[-92.7551,45.2927],[-92.7583,45.2904],[-92.7597,45.2872],[-92.7604,45.2845],[-92.7591,45.2794],[-92.7559,45.2739],[-92.7527,45.2694],[-92.7515,45.2657],[-92.7526,45.2626],[-92.7535,45.2584],[-92.7561,45.2541],[-92.7575,45.2502],[-92.7569,45.2443],[-92.7557,45.2397],[-92.7553,45.2356],[-92.7538,45.2305],[-92.7536,45.2276],[-92.7521,45.2236],[-92.752,45.2196],[-92.7527,45.2168],[-92.7546,45.2136],[-92.7573,45.2107],[-92.7603,45.2065],[-92.7619,45.2041],[-92.7632,45.2009],[-92.7637,45.1972],[-92.764,45.1895],[-92.7629,45.1853],[-92.7557,45.178],[-92.7522,45.1759],[-92.7493,45.173],[-92.748,45.1698],[-92.7472,45.1634],[-92.7483,45.1597],[-92.7475,45.1551],[-92.7473,45.1515],[-92.7484,45.1483],[-92.749,45.1419],[-92.7484,45.1373],[-92.7441,45.1264],[-92.7415,45.1172],[-92.7422,45.1135],[-92.7446,45.11],[-92.7467,45.1076],[-92.7513,45.1045],[-92.7591,45.0999],[-92.7624,45.0972],[-92.7803,45.0849],[-92.7847,45.083],[-92.7885,45.0806],[-92.7917,45.0791],[-92.795,45.0772],[-92.7982,45.0746],[-92.8001,45.0723],[-92.8019,45.0647],[-92.8016,45.0597],[-92.8005,45.0567],[-92.7984,45.0531],[-92.7952,45.0499],[-92.7926,45.0481],[-92.7881,45.0453],[-92.7837,45.0421],[-92.7745,45.0373],[-92.7707,45.0344],[-92.7683,45.0325],[-92.7645,45.0265],[-92.7639,45.0237],[-92.7639,45.0196],[-92.7682,45.0005],[-92.7694,44.9909],[-92.7686,44.9796],[-92.7646,44.9711],[-92.7547,44.9571],[-92.7527,44.9527],[-92.7523,44.9481],[-92.753,44.9369],[-92.7534,44.9237],[-92.7547,44.9159],[-92.7569,44.9105],[-92.7606,44.9068],[-92.7645,44.9046],[-92.767,44.9039],[-92.7707,44.9023],[-92.7729,44.901],[-92.775,44.8982],[-92.7738,44.8933],[-92.7689,44.8848],[-92.7632,44.8759],[-92.7628,44.8716],[-92.763,44.8671],[-92.7644,44.8622],[-92.7682,44.8554],[-92.7683,44.853],[-92.7671,44.8494],[-92.7652,44.8462],[-92.7646,44.8423],[-92.7644,44.8382],[-92.766,44.8308],[-92.7679,44.8265],[-92.7719,44.8211],[-92.7751,44.8161],[-92.7784,44.8125],[-92.7801,44.8095],[-92.781,44.8056],[-92.7823,44.8029],[-92.783,44.7966],[-92.7858,44.7893],[-92.7909,44.7842],[-92.7993,44.7765],[-92.802,44.7729],[-92.8046,44.7683],[-92.8059,44.7624],[-92.8073,44.7524],[-92.8061,44.7483],[-92.8054,44.7473],[-92.8022,44.7446],[-92.7901,44.7381],[-92.7805,44.7344],[-92.7722,44.7317],[-92.7658,44.7289],[-92.7569,44.7234],[-92.7536,44.7226],[-92.7471,44.7204],[-92.7415,44.7192],[-92.7339,44.7157],[-92.737,44.658],[-92.7386,44.6329],[-92.7957,44.6305],[-92.7915,44.5452],[-92.9165,44.5449],[-92.9179,44.5221],[-92.9218,44.518],[-92.9282,44.5158],[-92.9321,44.513],[-92.941,44.5149],[-92.9449,44.5131],[-92.9494,44.5104],[-92.9584,44.514],[-92.9634,44.5177],[-92.975,44.5159],[-92.9827,44.5173],[-92.991,44.5215],[-93.0057,44.5197],[-93.0121,44.5175],[-93.0166,44.5166],[-93.0275,44.5198],[-93.0301,44.5148],[-93.0346,44.5148],[-93.039,44.5171],[-93.0406,44.4729],[-93.2826,44.473],[-93.2798,44.546],[-93.5259,44.5466],[-93.9091,44.5446],[-93.9117,44.5492],[-93.9078,44.5528],[-93.9027,44.5524],[-93.9008,44.5492],[-93.8956,44.5483],[-93.8937,44.5515],[-93.8963,44.5561],[-93.9008,44.5606],[-93.8996,44.5647],[-93.8957,44.5675],[-93.8958,44.5711],[-93.8996,44.5743],[-93.8958,44.5775],[-93.8939,44.5807],[-93.8959,44.5871],[-93.8991,44.5903],[-93.8908,44.5962],[-93.8857,44.5967],[-93.8838,44.6012],[-93.878,44.6013],[-93.878,44.6077],[-93.8716,44.6063],[-93.8658,44.6063],[-93.8569,44.6168],[-93.8563,44.6218],[-93.8505,44.6219],[-93.8447,44.6201],[-93.8422,44.6233],[-93.8358,44.6242],[-93.8319,44.6251],[-93.8217,44.6297],[-93.8031,44.6366],[-93.7999,44.6361],[-93.7967,44.6343],[-93.7935,44.6311],[-93.7883,44.632],[-93.78,44.6362],[-93.7768,44.6385],[-93.7729,44.6366],[-93.7723,44.6325],[-93.7691,44.6312],[-93.7665,44.6362],[-93.7685,44.6417],[-93.7686,44.675],[-93.8887,44.6756],[-93.8902,44.7185],[-94.0104,44.719],[-94.0085,44.8947],[-94.0136,44.8951],[-94.0117,44.9796],[-93.7692,44.9789],[-93.7702,45.0734],[-93.7663,45.077],[-93.7631,45.0839],[-93.7534,45.0853],[-93.7399,45.0894],[-93.7341,45.0922],[-93.7322,45.0963],[-93.7257,45.1022],[-93.7225,45.11],[-93.72,45.1205],[-93.7155,45.1269],[-93.7019,45.1374],[-93.6852,45.1489],[-93.6793,45.1525],[-93.6716,45.1562],[-93.6574,45.1585],[-93.6554,45.1599],[-93.6529,45.1631],[-93.6503,45.169],[-93.6516,45.1841],[-93.6549,45.1905],[-93.6555,45.1969],[-93.6562,45.201],[-93.6471,45.2079],[-93.6387,45.2074],[-93.6361,45.206],[-93.6329,45.2056],[-93.6258,45.2092],[-93.6167,45.2115],[-93.6096,45.2111],[-93.6031,45.2111],[-93.5967,45.2134],[-93.5857,45.2189],[-93.5792,45.2189],[-93.5734,45.2202],[-93.5676,45.2225],[-93.5617,45.2289],[-93.554,45.2298],[-93.5462,45.2289],[-93.5371,45.2294],[-93.5332,45.2317],[-93.5197,45.2417],[-93.5158,45.2458],[-93.5138,45.2454],[-93.5093,45.4163]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Anoka\",\"state\":\"MN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611a23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenberg, 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,{"id":17178,"text":"ofr90504 - 1990 - Geology, geochemistry, and mineralogy of the Ridenour Mine breccia pipe, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:23","indexId":"ofr90504","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-504","title":"Geology, geochemistry, and mineralogy of the Ridenour Mine breccia pipe, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr90504","usgsCitation":"Wenrich, K., Verbeek, E., Sutphin, H.B., Modreski, P., Van Gosen, B.S., and Detra, D., 1990, Geology, geochemistry, and mineralogy of the Ridenour Mine breccia pipe, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-504, ii, 66 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90504.","productDescription":"ii, 66 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0504/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46323,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0504/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c669","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenrich, K. J.","contributorId":40203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenrich","given":"K. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verbeek, E.R.","contributorId":61439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verbeek","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutphin, H. B.","contributorId":58264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Modreski, P.J.","contributorId":98335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Modreski","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Van Gosen, B. S. 0000-0003-4214-3811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":97907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"B.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Detra, D.E.","contributorId":72358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detra","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70207079,"text":"70207079 - 1990 - Fractal properties of tremor and gas piston events observed at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-03T13:34:25.48753","indexId":"70207079","displayToPublicDate":"1991-12-31T13:29:32","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fractal properties of tremor and gas piston events observed at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p><span>Studies the fractal properties of shallow volcanic tremor and gas piston events associated with magma degassing at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, using data from two dense short-baseline arrays of seismographs deployed near the active crater of Puu Oo on the east rift of the volcano. The existence of a categorically stable attractor characterizing both types of activities strongly suggests that the excitation mechanism of tremor is similar to that of gas piston events, which in turn are correlated with visual observations at the volcanic vent. Low values derived for the dimension of the attractor in phase space points to significant self-organization in the process of generation of tremor and offers general constraints on the dimensionality of attractors derived from models of acoustic emission associated with magma flow, vesiculation, and degassing. -from Authors</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/91JB00772","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Chouet, B., and Shaw, H.R., 1990, Fractal properties of tremor and gas piston events observed at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, no. 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,{"id":70164481,"text":"70164481 - 1990 - Predicting the vertical structure of tidal current and salinity in San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T11:27:46","indexId":"70164481","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the vertical structure of tidal current and salinity in San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>A two-dimensional laterally averaged numerical estuarine model is developed to study the vertical variations of tidal hydrodynamic properties in the central/north part of San Francisco Bay, California. Tidal stage data, current meter measurements, and conductivity, temperature, and depth profiling data in San Francisco Bay are used for comparison with model predictions. An extensive review of the literature is conducted to assess the success and failure of previous similar investigations and to establish a strategy for development of the present model. A &sigma; plane transformation is used in the vertical dimension to alleviate problems associated with fixed grid model applications in the bay, where the tidal range can be as much as 20&ndash;25% of the total water depth. Model predictions of tidal stage and velocity compare favorably with the available field data, and prototype salinity stratification is qualitatively reproduced. Conclusions from this study as well as future model applications and research needs are discussed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR026i005p01027","usgsCitation":"Ford, M., Wang, J., and Cheng, R.T., 1990, Predicting the vertical structure of tidal current and salinity in San Francisco Bay, California: Water Resources Research, v. 26, no. 5, p. 1027-1045, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i005p01027.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1027","endPage":"1045","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.618408203125,\n              37.396346133189255\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.618408203125,\n              38.156156969924915\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.651611328125,\n              38.156156969924915\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.651611328125,\n              37.396346133189255\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.618408203125,\n              37.396346133189255\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9ca89e4b08d617f63a858","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ford, Michael","contributorId":156347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Jia","contributorId":156348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Jia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70206826,"text":"70206826 - 1990 - Complex interactions among light-reducing variables in seagrass systems: Simulation model predictions for long-term community stability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-22T17:33:10","indexId":"70206826","displayToPublicDate":"1990-12-31T17:26:26","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Complex interactions among light-reducing variables in seagrass systems: Simulation model predictions for long-term community stability","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The light requirements of seagrasses: Results and recommendations of a workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"South Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Neckles, H.A., 1990, Complex interactions among light-reducing variables in seagrass systems: Simulation model predictions for long-term community stability, <i>in</i> The light requirements of seagrasses: Results and recommendations of a workshop, p. 127-132.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"132","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369509,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neckles, Hilary A. 0000-0002-5662-2314 hneckles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5662-2314","contributorId":3821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neckles","given":"Hilary","email":"hneckles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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