Advancements in aeromagnetic acquisition technology over the past few decades have led to greater resolution of shallow geologic sources with low magnetization, such as intrasedimentary faults and paleochannels. Detection and mapping of intrasedimentary faults in particular can be important for understanding the overall structural setting of an area, even if exploration targets are much deeper. Aeromagnetic methods are especially useful for mapping structures in mountain-piedmont areas at the margins of structural basins, where mineral exploration and seismic-hazard studies may be focused, and where logistical or data-quality issues encumber seismic methods. Understanding if the sources of aeromagnetic anomalies in this context originate from sedimentary units or bedrock is important for evaluating basin structure and/or depth to shallow exploration targets.
\nAdvancements in aeromagnetic acquisition technology over the past few decades have led to greater resolution of shallow geologic sources with low magnetization, such as intrasedimentary faults and paleochannels. Detection and mapping of intrasedimentary faults in particular can be important for understanding the overall structural setting of an area, even if exploration targets are much deeper. Aeromagnetic methods are especially useful for mapping structures in mountain-piedmont areas at the margins of structural basins, where mineral exploration and seismic-hazard studies may be focused, and where logistical or data-quality issues encumber seismic methods. Understanding if the sources of aeromagnetic anomalies in this context originate from sedimentary units or bedrock is important for evaluating basin structure and/or depth to shallow exploration targets.
\nAlthough explorationists have surmised that subtle, narrow, linear aeromagnetic anomalies or gradients are caused by intrasedimentary faults, the nature of the magnetic sources has been debated. A common and intuitive explanation for the linear anomalies considers that the magnetic properties of the fault zone have been altered by secondary chemical processes, either through the growth or destruction of magnetic minerals. However, comprehensive, multidisciplinary studies of partially exposed intrasedimentary faults in basins within the central Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico, have shown that the anomalies can be completely explained by the tectonic juxtaposition of strata of differing magnetic properties at the fault (summarized in Grauch and Hudson, 2007, 2011). Whereas a reduction in magnetic susceptibility was detected at some fault zones in the laboratory, the slight reduction and small volume of material affected were insufficient to produce aeromagnetic anomalies (Hudson et al., 2008).
\nA key finding of the studies summarized by Grauch and Hudson (2007, 2011) is that multiple magnetic contrasts (sources) can be vertically stacked at one fault. This situation requires rethinking of common assumptions when modeling faults as simple steps or when interpreting depth-estimation results. The multiple contrasts in these case studies arise from the tectonic juxtaposition of stratified sediments with differing magnetic properties. Multiple, vertically stacked magnetic sources also can occur where volcanic layers are interbedded with the sedimentary section or where faults offset both shallow bedrock and its overlying sedimentary cover. The latter situation is common at basin margins.
\nHerein, we summarize and expand on an investigation of the sources of aeromagnetic anomalies related to faults along the eastern margin of the San Luis Basin, northern Rio Grande Rift, Colorado (Grauch et al., 2010). Similar to the faults examined in the central Rio Grande Rift, magnetic sources can be completely explained by tectonic juxtaposition and produce multiple, vertically stacked magnetic contrasts at individual faults. However, the geologic sources are different. They arise from both the sedimentary cover and the underlying bedrock rather than from stratified sediments. In addition, geologic evidence for secondary growth or destruction of magnetic minerals at the fault zone is lacking.
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As with many large-scale ecological datasets, vegetation and landscape conditions must be updated periodically to account for disturbances, growth, and natural succession. The LANDFIRE Refresh effort was the first attempt to consistently update these products nationwide. It incorporated a combination of specific systematic improvements to the original LANDFIRE National data, remote sensing based disturbance detection methods, field collected disturbance information, vegetation growth and succession modeling, and vegetation transition processes. This resulted in the creation of two complete datasets for all 50 states: LANDFIRE Refresh 2001, which includes the systematic improvements, and LANDFIRE Refresh 2008, which includes the disturbance and succession updates to the vegetation and fuel data. The new datasets are comparable for studying landscape changes in vegetation type and structure over a decadal period, and provide the most recent characterization of fuel conditions across the country. The applicability of the new layers is discussed and the effects of using the new fuel datasets are demonstrated through a fire behavior modeling exercise using the 2011 Wallow Fire in eastern Arizona as an example.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fire Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Association for Fire Ecology","doi":"10.4996/fireecology.0902080","usgsCitation":"Nelson, K., Connot, J.A., Peterson, B.E., and Martin, C., 2013, The LANDFIRE Refresh strategy: updating the national dataset: Fire Ecology, v. 9, no. 2, p. 80-101, https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0902080.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"101","ipdsId":"IP-045102","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473609,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0902080","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":276080,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0902080"},{"id":276081,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fireecology.org/journal/abstract/?abstract=195"},{"id":276085,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb5ae4b009d47a4c2349","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Kurtis J. 0000-0003-4911-4511","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-4511","contributorId":105629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Kurtis J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connot, Joel A. 0000-0002-2556-3374 jconnot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2556-3374","contributorId":4436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connot","given":"Joel","email":"jconnot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Birgit E. 0000-0002-4356-1540 bpeterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4356-1540","contributorId":3599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Birgit","email":"bpeterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Charley chmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":4544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Charley","email":"chmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":482022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70044524,"text":"pp1798B - 2013 - General weather conditions and precipitation contributing to the 2011 flooding in the Mississippi River and Red River of the North Basins, December 2010 through July 2011","indexId":"pp1798B","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"General weather conditions and precipitation contributing to the 2011 flooding in the Mississippi River and Red River of the North Basins, December 2010 through July 2011"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":70046073,"text":"pp1798C - 2013 - Peak streamflows and runoff volumes for the Central United States, February through September, 2011","indexId":"pp1798C","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Peak streamflows and runoff volumes for the Central United States, February through September, 2011"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), as part of its mission, collected extensive information during and in the aftermath of the 2011 floods to support scientific analysis of the origins and consequences of extreme floods. The information collected for the 2011 floods, combined with decades of past data, enables scientists and engineers from the USGS to provide syntheses and scientific analyses to inform emergency managers, planners, and policy makers about life-safety, economic, and environmental-health issues surrounding flood hazards for the 2011 floods and future floods like it. USGS data, information, and scientific analyses provide context and understanding of the effect of floods on complex societal issues such as ecosystem and human health, flood-plain management, climate-change adaptation, economic security, and the associated policies enacted for mitigation.\n\nAmong the largest societal questions is \"How do we balance agricultural, economic, life-safety, and environmental needs in and along our rivers?\" To address this issue, many scientific questions have to be answered including the following:\n\n* How do the 2011 weather and flood conditions compare to the past weather and flood conditions and what can we reasonably expect in the future for flood magnitudes?\n* What is the “natural” hydrology of these watersheds and how have they been changed?\n* How do rivers change during floods and what effects do they have on the natural and built environment: conversely, what effects do the natural and built environments have on rivers and floods?\n* Do floods contribute to the transport and fate of contaminants that affect human and ecosystem health?\n\nIn an effort to help address these and other questions, USGS Professional Paper 1798 consists of independent but complementary chapters dealing with various scientific aspects of the 2011 floods in the Central United States.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1798","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2013, 2011 floods of the central United States: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1798, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1798.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276076,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1798.PNG"},{"id":276073,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798/"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4927e4b0b290850eeebc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70040792,"text":"70040792 - 2013 - Probing the deep critical zone beneath the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-05T16:24:47","indexId":"70040792","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T15:38:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probing the deep critical zone beneath the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"Recent work has suggested that weathering processes occurring in the subsurface produce the majority of silicate weathering products discharged to the world's oceans, thereby exerting a primary control on global temperature via the well-known positive feedback between silicate weathering and CO2. In addition, chemical and physical weathering processes deep within the critical zone create aquifers and control groundwater chemistry, watershed geometry and regolith formation rates. Despite this, most weathering studies are restricted to the shallow critical zone (e.g. soils, outcrops). Here we investigate the chemical weathering, fracturing and geomorphology of the deep critical zone in the Bisley watershed in the Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory, Puerto Rico, from two boreholes drilled to 37.2 and 27.0 m depth, from which continuous core samples were taken. Corestones exposed aboveground were also sampled. Weathered rinds developed on exposed corestones and along fracture surfaces on subsurface rocks slough off of exposed corestones once rinds attain a thickness up to ~1 cm, preventing the corestones from rounding due to diffusion limitation. Such corestones at the land surface are assumed to be what remains after exhumation of similar, fractured bedrock pieces that were observed in the drilled cores between thick layers of regolith. Some of these subsurface corestones are massive and others are highly fractured, whereas aboveground corestones are generally massive with little to no apparent fracturing. Subsurface corestones are larger and less fractured in the borehole drilled on a road where it crosses a ridge compared with the borehole drilled where the road crosses the stream channel. Both borehole profiles indicate that the weathering zone extends to well below the stream channel in this upland catchment; hence weathering depth is not controlled by the stream level within the catchment and not all of the water in the watershed is discharged to the stream","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.3409","usgsCitation":"Buss, H.L., Brantley, S., Scatena, F., Bazilevskaya, K., Blum, A.E., Schulz, M., Jimenez, R., White, A.F., Rother, G., and Cole, D., 2013, Probing the deep critical zone beneath the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 38, no. 10, p. 1170-1186, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3409.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1170","endPage":"1186","ipdsId":"IP-042259","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/78b57adf-e471-4094-94c0-8896c0b94306","text":"External Repository"},{"id":276086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276071,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3409"}],"otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -65.7478094101,18.3093884924 ], [ -65.7478094101,18.3233015696 ], [ -65.7264590263,18.3233015696 ], [ -65.7264590263,18.3093884924 ], [ -65.7478094101,18.3093884924 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb56e4b009d47a4c2325","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buss, Heather L. 0000-0002-1852-3657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-3657","contributorId":15478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buss","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brantley, Susan L.","contributorId":38461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brantley","given":"Susan L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scatena, Fred","contributorId":54876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scatena","given":"Fred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bazilevskaya, Katya","contributorId":93373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bazilevskaya","given":"Katya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blum, Alex E. aeblum@usgs.gov","contributorId":2845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"Alex","email":"aeblum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":469019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schulz, Marjorie S. 0000-0001-5597-6447 mschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-6447","contributorId":3720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Marjorie S.","email":"mschulz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jimenez, Rafael","contributorId":90627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jimenez","given":"Rafael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"White, Arthur F. afwhite@usgs.gov","contributorId":3718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Arthur","email":"afwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rother, G.","contributorId":107600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rother","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cole, D.","contributorId":65408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70040707,"text":"70040707 - 2013 - Projected future changes in vegetation in western North America in the 21st century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T10:41:13","indexId":"70040707","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T15:17:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected future changes in vegetation in western North America in the 21st century","docAbstract":"Rapid and broad-scale forest mortality associated with recent droughts, rising temperature, and insect outbreaks has been observed over western North America (NA). Climate models project additional future warming and increasing drought and water stress for this region. To assess future potential changes in vegetation distributions in western NA, the Community Earth System Model (CESM) coupled with its Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) was used under the future A2 emissions scenario. To better span uncertainties in future climate, eight sea surface temperature (SST) projections provided by phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) were employed as boundary conditions. There is a broad consensus among the simulations, despite differences in the simulated climate trajectories across the ensemble, that about half of the needleleaf evergreen tree coverage (from 24% to 11%) will disappear, coincident with a 14% (from 11% to 25%) increase in shrubs and grasses by the end of the twenty-first century in western NA, with most of the change occurring over the latter half of the twenty-first century. The net impact is a ~6 GtC or about 50% decrease in projected ecosystem carbon storage in this region. The findings suggest a potential for a widespread shift from tree-dominated landscapes to shrub and grass-dominated landscapes in western NA because of future warming and consequent increases in water deficits. These results highlight the need for improved process-based understanding of vegetation dynamics, particularly including mortality and the subsequent incorporation of these mechanisms into earth system models to better quantify the vulnerability of western NA forests under climate change.","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00430.1","usgsCitation":"Xiaoyan, J., Rauscher, S.A., Ringler, T.D., Lawrence, D.M., Williams, A.P., Allen, C.D., Steiner, A.L., Cai, D.M., and McDowell, N.G., 2013, Projected future changes in vegetation in western North America in the 21st century: Journal of Climate, v. 26, no. 11, p. 3671-3687, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00430.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"3671","endPage":"3687","ipdsId":"IP-041950","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d8rn35xq","text":"External Repository"},{"id":276067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb57e4b009d47a4c2329","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xiaoyan, Jiang","contributorId":55723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiaoyan","given":"Jiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rauscher, Sara A.","contributorId":47653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rauscher","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ringler, Todd D.","contributorId":62122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawrence, David M.","contributorId":105206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7166,"text":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":468850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, A. Park","contributorId":88456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Park","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Steiner, Allison L.","contributorId":49261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steiner","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cai, D. Michael","contributorId":81383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cai","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McDowell, Nate G.","contributorId":46839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"Nate","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70004988,"text":"70004988 - 2013 - Projections and downscaling of 21st century temperatures, precipitation, radiative fluxes and winds for the southwestern US, with focus on the Lake Tahoe basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-05T15:13:42","indexId":"70004988","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T14:53:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projections and downscaling of 21st century temperatures, precipitation, radiative fluxes and winds for the southwestern US, with focus on the Lake Tahoe basin","docAbstract":"Recent projections of global climate changes in response to increasing greenhouse-gas concentrations in the atmosphere include warming in the Southwestern US and, especially, in the vicinity of Lake Tahoe of from about +3°C to +6°C by end of century and changes in precipitation on the order of 5-10 % increases or (more commonly) decreases, depending on the climate model considered. Along with these basic changes, other climate variables like solar insolation, downwelling (longwave) radiant heat, and winds may change. Together these climate changes may result in changes in the hydrology of the Tahoe basin and potential changes in lake overturning and ecological regimes. Current climate projections, however, are generally spatially too coarse (with grid cells separated by 1 to 2° latitude and longitude) for direct use in assessments of the vulnerabilities of the much smaller Tahoe basin. Thus, daily temperatures, precipitation, winds, and downward radiation fluxes from selected global projections have been downscaled by a statistical method called the constructed-analogues method onto 10 to 12 km grids over the Southwest and especially over Lake Tahoe. Precipitation, solar insolation and winds over the Tahoe basin change only moderately (and with indeterminate signs) in the downscaled projections, whereas temperatures and downward longwave fluxes increase along with imposed increases in global greenhouse-gas concentrations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-012-0501-x","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M., 2013, Projections and downscaling of 21st century temperatures, precipitation, radiative fluxes and winds for the southwestern US, with focus on the Lake Tahoe basin: Climatic Change, v. 116, no. 1, p. 17-33, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0501-x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"33","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-030937","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0501-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":276062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276061,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0501-x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California;Idaho;Nevada;Oregon;Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125.17,34.12 ], [ -125.17,45.99 ], [ -111.43,45.99 ], [ -111.43,34.12 ], [ -125.17,34.12 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"116","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb57e4b009d47a4c232d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":31743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70039306,"text":"70039306 - 2013 - Regional demographic trends from long-term studies of saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) across the northern Sonoran Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T14:29:38","indexId":"70039306","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T13:38:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional demographic trends from long-term studies of saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) across the northern Sonoran Desert","docAbstract":"Ten saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) populations in the northern Sonoran Desert were monitored from 1959 to 2005 to discriminate how climate influences plant growth, abundance, reproductive potential, survivorship, age structure and regeneration trends. Thousands of saguaros were measured to determine site-specific growth rates and survivorship through time. Observed growth rates were used to predict the ages of saguaros and reconstruct local and regional regeneration patterns back to the late 18th century. Both growth rates and degree of branching generally tracked temperature and moisture gradients. Site-specific age-height models explained 89-97% of variance in observed ages, with a slope of nearly one. Regeneration was more consistent at sites in the western (hotter/drier) than eastern (cooler/wetter) sites, which exhibited clear multidecadal variability in regeneration rates. Averaged across the region, saguaro regeneration rates were highest from 1780 to 1860, coincident with wet conditions and high Pinus ponderosa recruitment in the highlands. Milder and wetter winters and protection from livestock grazing likely promoted late 20th century regeneration surges at some sites. Predictions of saguaro population dynamics in the 21st century likely will be confounded by the saguaro's episodic and asynchronous regeneration, continued urbanization, ongoing grass invasions and associated wildfires, and changing climate.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.08.008","usgsCitation":"Pierson, E., Betancourt, J.L., and Turner, R., 2013, Regional demographic trends from long-term studies of saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) across the northern Sonoran Desert: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 88, p. 57-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.08.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-039254","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276051,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276046,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.08.008"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Sonora","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.3347,27.3815 ], [ -114.3347,34.1164 ], [ -110.3687,34.1164 ], [ -110.3687,27.3815 ], [ -114.3347,27.3815 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"88","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb58e4b009d47a4c2335","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":48142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turner, Raymond M.","contributorId":7383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Raymond M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004749,"text":"70004749 - 2013 - Relaxing the closure assumption in single-season occupancy models: staggered arrival and departure times","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-05T13:19:03","indexId":"70004749","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T13:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relaxing the closure assumption in single-season occupancy models: staggered arrival and departure times","docAbstract":"Occupancy statistical models that account for imperfect detection have proved very useful in several areas of ecology, including species distribution and spatial dynamics, disease ecology, and ecological responses to climate change. These models are based on the collection of multiple samples at each of a number of sites within a given season, during which it is assumed the species is either absent or present and available for detection while each sample is taken. However, for some species, individuals are only present or available for detection seasonally. We present a statistical model that relaxes the closure assumption within a season by permitting staggered entry and exit times for the species of interest at each site. Based on simulation, our open model eliminates bias in occupancy estimators and in some cases increases precision. The power to detect the violation of closure is high if detection probability is reasonably high. In addition to providing more robust estimation of occupancy, this model permits comparison of phenology across sites, species, or years, by modeling variation in arrival or departure probabilities. In a comparison of four species of amphibians in Maryland we found that two toad species arrived at breeding sites later in the season than a salamander and frog species, and departed from sites earlier.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/12-1720.1","usgsCitation":"Kendall, W.L., Hines, J., Nichols, J., and Grant, E., 2013, Relaxing the closure assumption in single-season occupancy models: staggered arrival and departure times: Ecology, v. 94, no. 3, p. 610-617, https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1720.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"610","endPage":"617","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-030551","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1720.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":276036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276035,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-1720.1"}],"volume":"94","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb58e4b009d47a4c233d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, William L. wkendall@usgs.gov","contributorId":406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William","email":"wkendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grant, Evan H. Campbell","contributorId":14686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan H. 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Cloud-water samples were filtered using 0.45-micron filters to remove particulate material from the water samples. Filtered particulates were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) at the U.S. Geological Survey National Reactor Facility in Denver, Colorado, in February 2012. INAA elemental composition data for the particulate materials are presented. These data complement analyses of the aqueous portion of the cloud-water samples, which were performed earlier by the Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taiwan. The data are intended for evaluation of atmospheric transport processes and air-pollution sources in Southeast Asia.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131147","usgsCitation":"Lin, N., Sheu, G., Wetherbee, G.A., and Debey, T.M., 2013, Instrumental neutron activation analysis data for cloud-water particulate samples, Mount Bamboo, Taiwan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1147, vi, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131147.","productDescription":"vi, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276033,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131147.png"},{"id":276031,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1147/"},{"id":276032,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1147/pdf/OF13-1147_508.pdf"}],"country":"Taiwan","otherGeospatial":"Mount Bamboo","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 120.7548,24.4 ], [ 120.7548,25.3643 ], [ 122.0454,25.3643 ], [ 122.0454,24.4 ], [ 120.7548,24.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb56e4b009d47a4c2321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lin, Neng-Huei","contributorId":44450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"Neng-Huei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheu, Guey-Rong","contributorId":41320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheu","given":"Guey-Rong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wetherbee, Gregory A. 0000-0002-6720-2294 wetherbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6720-2294","contributorId":1044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"Gregory","email":"wetherbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Debey, Timothy M. tdebey@usgs.gov","contributorId":3964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Debey","given":"Timothy","email":"tdebey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":481976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70040015,"text":"70040015 - 2013 - Relative influence of human harvest, carnivores, and weather on adult female elk survival across western North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T15:11:03","indexId":"70040015","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T12:36:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative influence of human harvest, carnivores, and weather on adult female elk survival across western North America","docAbstract":"Well-informed management of harvested species requires understanding how changing ecological conditions affect demography and population dynamics, information that is lacking for many species. We have limited understanding of the relative influence of carnivores, harvest, weather and forage availability on elk Cervus elaphus demography, despite the ecological and economic importance of this species. We assessed adult female survival, a key vital rate for population dynamics, from 2746 radio-collared elk in 45 populations across western North America that experience wide variation in carnivore assemblage, harvest, weather and habitat conditions. Proportional hazard analysis revealed that 'baseline' (i.e. not related to human factors) mortality was higher with very high winter precipitation, particularly in populations sympatric with wolves Canis lupus. Mortality may increase via nutritional stress and heightened vulnerability to predation in snowy winters. Baseline mortality was unrelated to puma Puma concolor presence, forest cover or summer forage productivity. Cause-specific mortality analyses showed that wolves and all carnivore species combined had additive effects on baseline elk mortality, but only reduced survival by <2%. When human factors were included, ‘total’ adult mortality was solely related to harvest; the influence of native carnivores was compensatory. Annual total mortality rates were lowest in populations sympatric with both pumas and wolves because managers reduced female harvest in areas with abundant or diverse carnivores. Mortality from native carnivores peaked in late winter and early spring, while harvest-induced mortality peaked in autumn. The strong peak in harvest-induced mortality during the autumn hunting season decreased as the number of native carnivore species increased. Synthesis and applications. Elevated baseline adult female elk mortality from wolves in years with high winter precipitation could affect elk abundance as winters across the western US become drier and wolves recolonize portions of the region. In the absence of human harvest, wolves had additive, although limited, effects on mortality. However, human harvest, and its apparent use by managers to offset predation, primarily controls overall variation in adult female mortality. Altering harvest quotas is thus a strong tool for offsetting impacts of carnivore recolonization and shifting weather patterns on elk across western North America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12044","usgsCitation":"Brodie, J., Johnson, H.E., Mitchell, M., Zager, P., Proffitt, K., Hebblewhite, M., Kauffman, M., Johnson, B., Bissonette, J., Bishop, C., Gude, J., Herbert, J., Hersey, K., Hurley, M., Lukacs, P.M., McCorquodale, S., McIntire, E., Nowak, J., Sawyer, H., Smith, D., and White, P., 2013, Relative influence of human harvest, carnivores, and weather on adult female elk survival across western North America: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 50, no. 2, p. 295-305, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12044.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"295","endPage":"305","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-036691","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276030,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12044"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Colorado;Idaho;Montana;Utah;Washington;Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.63,36.95 ], [ -124.63,52.24 ], [ -106.52,52.24 ], [ -106.52,36.95 ], [ -124.63,36.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb58e4b009d47a4c2339","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brodie, Jedediah","contributorId":63706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brodie","given":"Jedediah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Heather E. 0000-0001-5392-7676 hejohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5392-7676","contributorId":205919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Heather","email":"hejohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael","contributorId":98207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zager, Peter","contributorId":16737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zager","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Proffitt, Kelly","contributorId":63707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proffitt","given":"Kelly","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hebblewhite, Mark","contributorId":69455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hebblewhite","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew 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Justin","contributorId":99032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gude","given":"Justin","affiliations":[{"id":13146,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Helena, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":467478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Herbert, Jeff","contributorId":19460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herbert","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hersey, Kent","contributorId":99873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hersey","given":"Kent","affiliations":[{"id":6763,"text":"Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":467479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hurley, Mark","contributorId":58174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurley","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Lukacs, Paul M.","contributorId":101240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukacs","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"McCorquodale, Scott","contributorId":28515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCorquodale","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"McIntire, Eliot","contributorId":59332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntire","given":"Eliot","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Nowak, Josh","contributorId":55321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"Josh","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Sawyer, Hall","contributorId":39930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Hall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Smith, Douglas","contributorId":56088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"White, P.J.","contributorId":91436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":467475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21}]}} ,{"id":70045869,"text":"70045869 - 2013 - An interactive web application for visualizing climate data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T14:26:22","indexId":"70045869","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T11:12:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An interactive web application for visualizing climate data","docAbstract":"Massive volumes of data are being created as modeling centers from around the world finalize their submission of climate simulations for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP5), in preparation for the forthcoming Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). Scientists, resource managers, and other potential users of climate data are faced with the daunting task of analyzing, distilling, and summarizing this unprecedented wealth of climate information.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013EO220001","usgsCitation":"Alder, J., Hostetler, S., and Williams, D., 2013, An interactive web application for visualizing climate data: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 94, no. 22, p. 197-198, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013EO220001.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"198","ipdsId":"IP-045104","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013eo220001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":276020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276019,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013EO220001"}],"volume":"94","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb54e4b009d47a4c2319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alder, J.","contributorId":62121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alder","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostetler, S. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":30336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, D.","contributorId":31908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70041339,"text":"70041339 - 2013 - Review of the negative influences of non-native salmonids on native fish species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-26T11:07:02","indexId":"70041339","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1859,"text":"Great Plains Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review of the negative influences of non-native salmonids on native fish species","docAbstract":"Non-native salmonids are often introduced into areas containing species of concern, yet a comprehensive overview of the short- and long-term consequences of these introductions is lacking in the Great Plains. Several authors have suggested that non-native salmonids negatively inflfluence species of concern. The objective of this paper is to review known interactions between non-native salmonids and native fifishes, with a focus on native species of concern. After an extensive search of the literature, it appears that in many cases non-native salmonids do negatively inflfl uence species of concern (e.g., reduce abundance and alter behavior) via different mechanisms (e.g., predation and competition). However, there are some instances in which introduced salmonids have had no perceived negative inflfl uence on native fifi shes. Unfortunately, the majority of the literature is circumstantial, and there is a need to experimentally manipulate these interactions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Plains Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Center for Great Plains Studies","usgsCitation":"Turek, K.C., Pegg, M.A., and Pope, K.L., 2013, Review of the negative influences of non-native salmonids on native fish species: Great Plains Research, v. 23, no. Spring, p. 39-49.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"49","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038198","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276013,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":302388,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.unl.edu/plains/publications/GPR/gpr23.shtml"}],"volume":"23","issue":"Spring","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb59e4b009d47a4c2341","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turek, Kelly C.","contributorId":7603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turek","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pegg, Mark A.","contributorId":45212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pegg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70047399,"text":"cir1385 - 2013 - The quality of our Nation's waters: factors affecting public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination: understanding observed water quality and anticipating future water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T13:21:41","indexId":"cir1385","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1385","title":"The quality of our Nation's waters: factors affecting public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination: understanding observed water quality and anticipating future water quality","docAbstract":"As part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, a study was conducted from 2001 to 2011 to shed light on factors that affect the vulnerability of water from public-supply wells to contamination (referred to hereafter as “public-supply-well vulnerability”). The study was designed as a follow-up to earlier NAWQA studies that found mixtures of contaminants at low concentrations in groundwater near the water table in urban areas across the Nation and, less frequently, in deeper groundwater typically used for public supply.\n\nBeside the factors affecting public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination, this circular describes measures that can be used to determine which factor (or factors) plays a dominant role at an individual public-supply well. Case-study examples are used throughout to show how such information can be used to improve water quality.\n\nIn general, the vulnerability of the water from public-supply wells to contamination is a function of contaminant input within the area that contributes water to a well, the mobility and persistence of a contaminant once released to the groundwater, and the ease of groundwater and contaminant movement from the point of recharge to the open interval of a well. The following measures described in this circular are particularly useful for indicating which contaminants in an aquifer might reach an individual public-supply well and when, how, and at what concentration they might arrive:\n\n* Sources of recharge—Information on the sources of recharge for a well provides insight into contaminants that might enter the aquifer with the recharge water and potentially reach the well.\n\n* Geochemical conditions—Information on the geochemical conditions encountered by groundwater traveling to a well provides insight into contaminants that might persist in the water all the way to the well.\n\n* Groundwater-age mixtures—Information on the ages of the different waters that mix in a well provides insight into the time lag between contaminant input at the water table and contaminant arrival at the well. It also provides insight into the potential for in-well dilution of contaminated water by unaffected groundwater of a different age that simultaneously enters the well.\n\nPreferential flow pathways—pathways that provide little resistance to flow—can influence how all other factors affect public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination. For example, preferential flow pathways can influence whether a contaminant source is physically linked to a well, whether contaminant concentrations are substantially altered before contaminated groundwater reaches a well, and whether contaminated groundwater can arrive at a well within a timeframe of concern to the well owner. Methods for recognizing the influence of preferential flow pathways on the quality of water from a public-supply well are presented in this circular and can provide opportunities to prevent or mitigate the deterioration of a water supply.\n\nKnowing what water-quality variables to measure, what spatial and temporal scales on which to measure them, and how to interpret the resulting data makes it possible for samples from public-supply wells to provide a broad window into a well’s past and present water quality—and possibly future water quality. Such insight can enable resource managers to prioritize actions for sustaining a high-quality groundwater source of drinking water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1385","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Eberts, S., Thomas, M.A., and Jagucki, M.L., 2013, The quality of our Nation's waters: factors affecting public-supply-well vulnerability to contamination: understanding observed water quality and anticipating future water quality: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1385, vii, 120 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1385.","productDescription":"vii, 120 p.","numberOfPages":"132","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275990,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir1385.gif"},{"id":275989,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1385/pdf/Cir1385.pdf"},{"id":275988,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1385/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200bb5ae4b009d47a4c234d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eberts, Sandra M. smeberts@usgs.gov","contributorId":2264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberts","given":"Sandra M.","email":"smeberts@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Mary Ann mathomas@usgs.gov","contributorId":2536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Mary","email":"mathomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jagucki, Martha L. 0000-0003-3798-8393 mjagucki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-8393","contributorId":1794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jagucki","given":"Martha","email":"mjagucki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70047403,"text":"ofr20111040 - 2013 - Continuous resistivity profiling data from Great South Bay, Long Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-05T09:50:18","indexId":"ofr20111040","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-05T09:44:46","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1040","title":"Continuous resistivity profiling data from Great South Bay, Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"An investigation of submarine aquifers adjacent to the Fire Island National Seashore and Long Island, New York was conducted to assess the importance of submarine groundwater discharge as a potential nonpoint source of nitrogen delivery to Great South Bay. Over 200 kilometers of continuous resistivity profiling data were collected to image the fresh-saline groundwater interface in sediments beneath the bay. In addition, groundwater sampling was performed at sites (1) along the north shore of Great South Bay, particularly in Patchogue Bay, that were representative of the developed Long Island shoreline, and (2) at sites on and adjacent to Fire Island, a 50-kilometer-long barrier island on the south side of Great South Bay. Other field activities included sediment coring, stationary electrical resistivity profiling, and surveys of in situ pore water conductivity. Results of continuous resistivity profiling surveys are described in this report. The onshore and offshore shallow hydrostratigraphy of the Great South Bay shorelines, particularly the presence and nature of submarine confining units, appears to exert primary control on the dimensions and chemistry of the submarine groundwater flow and discharge zones. Sediment coring has shown that the confining units commonly consist of drowned and buried peat layers likely deposited in salt marshes. Low-salinity groundwater extends from 10 to 100 meters offshore along much of the north and south shores of Great South Bay based on continuous resistivity profiling data, especially off the mouths of tidal creeks and beneath shallow flats to the north of Fire Island adjacent to modern salt marshes. Human modifications of much of the shoreline and nearshore areas along the north shore of the bay, including filling of salt marshes, construction of bulkheads and piers, and dredging of navigation channels, has substantially altered the natural hydrogeology of the bay's shorelines by truncating confining units and increasing recharge near the shore in filled areas. Better understanding of the nature of submarine groundwater discharge along developed and undeveloped shorelines of embayments such as this could lead to improved models and mitigation strategies for nutrient overenrichment of estuaries.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111040","usgsCitation":"Cross, V., Bratton, J., Kroeger, K., Crusius, J., and Worley, C., 2013, Continuous resistivity profiling data from Great South Bay, Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1040, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111040.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276000,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20111040.PNG"},{"id":275998,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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V.A.","contributorId":88687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bratton, J.F.","contributorId":94354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kroeger, K.D.","contributorId":26060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Worley, C.R.","contributorId":43479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worley","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70118989,"text":"70118989 - 2013 - Nitrous oxide emissions from cropland: a procedure for calibrating the DayCent biogeochemical model using inverse modelling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-04T09:40:17","indexId":"70118989","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-04T09:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrous oxide emissions from cropland: a procedure for calibrating the DayCent biogeochemical model using inverse modelling","docAbstract":"DayCent is a biogeochemical model of intermediate complexity widely used to simulate greenhouse gases (GHG), soil organic carbon and nutrients in crop, grassland, forest and savannah ecosystems. Although this model has been applied to a wide range of ecosystems, it is still typically parameterized through a traditional “trial and error” approach and has not been calibrated using statistical inverse modelling (i.e. algorithmic parameter estimation). The aim of this study is to establish and demonstrate a procedure for calibration of DayCent to improve estimation of GHG emissions. We coupled DayCent with the parameter estimation (PEST) software for inverse modelling. The PEST software can be used for calibration through regularized inversion as well as model sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. The DayCent model was analysed and calibrated using N2O flux data collected over 2 years at the Iowa State University Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering Research Farms, Boone, IA. Crop year 2003 data were used for model calibration and 2004 data were used for validation. The optimization of DayCent model parameters using PEST significantly reduced model residuals relative to the default DayCent parameter values. Parameter estimation improved the model performance by reducing the sum of weighted squared residual difference between measured and modelled outputs by up to 67 %. For the calibration period, simulation with the default model parameter values underestimated mean daily N2O flux by 98 %. After parameter estimation, the model underestimated the mean daily fluxes by 35 %. During the validation period, the calibrated model reduced sum of weighted squared residuals by 20 % relative to the default simulation. Sensitivity analysis performed provides important insights into the model structure providing guidance for model improvement.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-013-1677-z","usgsCitation":"Rafique, R., Fienen, M., Parkin, T.B., and Anex, R.P., 2013, Nitrous oxide emissions from cropland: a procedure for calibrating the DayCent biogeochemical model using inverse modelling: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 224, no. 1677, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1677-z.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-049354","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291562,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291550,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1677-z"}],"volume":"224","issue":"1677","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e09e5ce4b0beb42bdca483","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rafique, Rashad","contributorId":87466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rafique","given":"Rashad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parkin, Timothy B.","contributorId":40530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkin","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anex, Robert P.","contributorId":101198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anex","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70118984,"text":"70118984 - 2013 - Bridging groundwater models and decision support with a Bayesian network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T13:26:34","indexId":"70118984","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-04T08:57:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bridging groundwater models and decision support with a Bayesian network","docAbstract":"Resource managers need to make decisions to plan for future environmental conditions, particularly sea level rise, in the face of substantial uncertainty. Many interacting processes factor in to the decisions they face. Advances in process models and the quantification of uncertainty have made models a valuable tool for this purpose. Long-simulation runtimes and, often, numerical instability make linking process models impractical in many cases. A method for emulating the important connections between model input and forecasts, while propagating uncertainty, has the potential to provide a bridge between complicated numerical process models and the efficiency and stability needed for decision making. We explore this using a Bayesian network (BN) to emulate a groundwater flow model. We expand on previous approaches to validating a BN by calculating forecasting skill using cross validation of a groundwater model of Assateague Island in Virginia and Maryland, USA. This BN emulation was shown to capture the important groundwater-flow characteristics and uncertainty of the groundwater system because of its connection to island morphology and sea level. Forecast power metrics associated with the validation of multiple alternative BN designs guided the selection of an optimal level of BN complexity. Assateague island is an ideal test case for exploring a forecasting tool based on current conditions because the unique hydrogeomorphological variability of the island includes a range of settings indicative of past, current, and future conditions. The resulting BN is a valuable tool for exploring the response of groundwater conditions to sea level rise in decision support.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20496","usgsCitation":"Fienen, M., Masterson, J., Plant, N.G., Gutierrez, B.T., and Thieler, E.R., 2013, Bridging groundwater models and decision support with a Bayesian network: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 10, p. 6459-6473, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20496.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"6459","endPage":"6473","ipdsId":"IP-045600","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20496","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291546,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20496"},{"id":291557,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e09e46e4b0beb42bdca3aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gutierrez, Benjamin T.","contributorId":58670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70047397,"text":"70047397 - 2013 - Correction to “Estimating the timing and location of shallow rainfall-induced landslides using a model for transient, unsaturated infiltration”","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-23T14:22:32","indexId":"70047397","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-03T08:53:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correction to “Estimating the timing and location of shallow rainfall-induced landslides using a model for transient, unsaturated infiltration”","docAbstract":"No abstract is available for this article.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/jgrf.20100","usgsCitation":"Baum, R.L., and Godt, J.W., 2013, Correction to “Estimating the timing and location of shallow rainfall-induced landslides using a model for transient, unsaturated infiltration”: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 118, no. 3, p. 1999-1999, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20100.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1999","endPage":"1999","numberOfPages":"1","ipdsId":"IP-048855","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275985,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20100"},{"id":275986,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jgrf.20100/full"}],"volume":"118","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51ff77e3e4b0e3b42a45b33c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70047389,"text":"ds785 - 2013 - An expanded map of vegetation communities at Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-20T12:38:10","indexId":"ds785","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-02T14:31:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"785","title":"An expanded map of vegetation communities at Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"In 2012, a map of vegetation communities on Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge was expanded based on interpretation of aerial photographs and field data. National Agricultural Imagery Program aerial photographs were used to identify distinct communities on previously unmapped refuge units and newly acquired parcels. Newly mapped polygons were then visited to adjust map boundaries, classify communities according to the National Vegetation Classification System, and quantify the abundance of dominant species and non-native, invasive species of concern to the refuge and other resource management agencies along the Missouri River. The expanded map now covers 6,136 hectares representing 33 community types, including 6 previously unmapped types. The full map includes 1,113 polygons, of which 627 are new, 21 are updated from the 2009 mapping effort, and 465 are unchanged from 2009. Mortality of primarily cottonwood stems, because of growing-season floods between 2008 and 2011, has reduced foliar cover of woody stems and created more open wooded communities. In herbaceous communities, dominance by herbaceous old fields has increased due to the inclusion of refuge units dominated by lands in recent agricultural production in the expanded map. Wetland community abundance has increased slightly due to recent flooding.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds785","usgsCitation":"Struckhoff, M.A., 2013, An expanded map of vegetation communities at Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 785, Report: vi, 10 p.; Spatial Data; Photographs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds785.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 10 p.; Spatial Data; Photographs","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds785.gif"},{"id":275973,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/785/downloads/","text":"Spatial data and photographs"},{"id":275971,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/785/"},{"id":275974,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1038/","text":"Vegetation Communities at Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge, Missouri (Open-File Report 2011-1038)"},{"id":275972,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/785/pdf/ds785.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Big Muddy National Fish And Wildlife Refuge","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fcc6d5e4b0296e5a4b5be8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Struckhoff, Matthew A. 0000-0002-4911-9956 mstruckhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-9956","contributorId":2095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Struckhoff","given":"Matthew","email":"mstruckhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047383,"text":"ofr20131042 - 2013 - Sediment geochemistry of Corte Madera Marsh, San Francisco Bay, California: have local inputs changed, 1830-2010?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-05T14:40:28.392522","indexId":"ofr20131042","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-02T13:28:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1042","title":"Sediment geochemistry of Corte Madera Marsh, San Francisco Bay, California: have local inputs changed, 1830-2010?","docAbstract":"Large perturbations since the mid-1800s to the supply and source of sediment entering San Francisco Bay have disturbed natural processes for more than 150 years. Only recently have sediment inputs through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (the Delta) decreased to what might be considered pre-disturbance levels. Declining sediment inputs to San Francisco Bay raise concern about continued tidal marsh accretion, particularly if sea level rise accelerates in the future. The aim of this study is to explore whether the relative amount of local-watershed sediment accumulating in a tidal marsh has changed as sediment supply from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Rivers has decreased. To address this question, sediment geochemical indicators, or signatures, in the fine fraction (silt and clay) of Sacramento River, San Joaquin River, San Francisco Bay, and Corte Madera Creek sediment were identified and applied in sediment recovered from Corte Madera Marsh, one of the few remaining natural marshes in San Francisco Bay. Total major, minor, trace, and rare earth element (REE) contents of fine sediment were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass and atomic emission spectroscopy. Fine sediment from potential source areas had the following geochemical signatures: Sacramento River sediment downstream of the confluence of the American River was characterized by enrichments in chromium, zirconium, and heavy REE; San Joaquin River sediment at Vernalis and Lathrop was characterized by enrichments in thorium and total REE content; Corte Madera Creek sediment had elevated nickel contents; and the composition of San Francisco Bay mud proximal to Corte Madera Marsh was intermediate between these sources. Most sediment geochemical signatures were relatively invariant for more than 150 years, suggesting that the composition of fine sediment in Corte Madera Marsh is not very sensitive to changes in the magnitude, timing, or source of sediment entering San Francisco Bay through the Delta. Nor does there appear to be a ubiquitous increase in the proportion of fine sediment from Corte Madera watershed accumulating in the marsh during the last 20 years when sediment inflows through the Delta have decreased to pre-disturbance levels. We conclude that a large, well-mixed reservoir, such as the transportable fine sediment pool in San Francisco Bay, is the primary source of sediment to Corte Madera Marsh, and this source buffers the marsh against changes in sediment supply from the Delta and local watersheds. This study also found that Corte Madera Marsh sediment between about 10-30 centimeters depth is highly contaminated with lead, likely a legacy of lead smelter operations near Carquinez Strait and leaded gasoline use.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131042","usgsCitation":"Takesue, R.K., and Jaffe, B.E., 2013, Sediment geochemistry of Corte Madera Marsh, San Francisco Bay, California: have local inputs changed, 1830-2010?: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1042, v, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131042.","productDescription":"v, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1829-12-30","temporalEnd":"2010-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131042.jpg"},{"id":275958,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1042/of2013-1042.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.5,37.0 ], [ -123.5,38.5 ], [ -121.0,38.5 ], [ -121.0,37.0 ], [ -123.5,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fcc6d6e4b0296e5a4b5bf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Takesue, Renee K. 0000-0003-1205-0825 rtakesue@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-0825","contributorId":2159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takesue","given":"Renee","email":"rtakesue@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70047382,"text":"70047382 - 2013 - Late Quaternary stream piracy and strath terrace formation along the Belle Fourche and lower Cheyenne Rivers, South Dakota and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:21:46","indexId":"70047382","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-02T13:11:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary stream piracy and strath terrace formation along the Belle Fourche and lower Cheyenne Rivers, South Dakota and Wyoming","docAbstract":"Stream piracy substantially affected the geomorphic evolution of the Missouri River watershed and drainages within, including the Little Missouri, Cheyenne, Belle Fourche, Bad, and White Rivers. The ancestral Cheyenne River eroded headward in an annular pattern around the eastern and southern Black Hills and pirated the headwaters of the ancestral Bad and White Rivers after ~ 660 ka. The headwaters of the ancestral Little Missouri River were pirated by the ancestral Belle Fourche River, a tributary to the Cheyenne River that currently drains much of the northern Black Hills. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating techniques were used to estimate the timing of this piracy event at ~ 22–21 ka. The geomorphic evolution of the Cheyenne and Belle Fourche Rivers is also expressed by regionally recognized strath terraces that include (from oldest to youngest) the Sturgis, Bear Butte, and Farmingdale terraces. Radiocarbon and OSL dates from fluvial deposits on these terraces indicate incision to the level of the Bear Butte terrace by ~ 63 ka, incision to the level of the Farmingdale terrace at ~ 40 ka, and incision to the level of the modern channel after ~ 12–9 ka. Similar dates of terrace incision have been reported for the Laramie and Wind River Ranges. Hypothesized causes of incision are the onset of colder climate during the middle Wisconsinan and the transition to the full-glacial climate of the late-Wisconsinan/Pinedale glaciation. Incision during the Holocene of the lower Cheyenne River is as much as ~ 80 m and is 3 to 4 times the magnitude of incision at ~ 63 ka and ~ 40 ka. The magnitude of incision during the Holocene might be due to a combined effect of three geomorphic processes acting in concert: glacial isostatic rebound in lower reaches (~ 40 m), a change from glacial to interglacial climate, and adjustments to increased watershed area resulting from piracy of the ancestral headwaters of the Little Missouri River.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.028","usgsCitation":"Stamm, J., Hendricks, R.R., Sawyer, J.F., Mahan, S., Zaprowski, B.J., Geibel, N.M., and Azzolini, D.C., 2013, Late Quaternary stream piracy and strath terrace formation along the Belle Fourche and lower Cheyenne Rivers, South Dakota and Wyoming: Geomorphology, v. 197, p. 10-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.028.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"20","ipdsId":"IP-029796","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.76,40.99 ], [ -108.76,46.45 ], [ -99.07,46.45 ], [ -99.07,40.99 ], [ -108.76,40.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"197","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fcc6d5e4b0296e5a4b5bec","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.028","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.028","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Stamm John F., Hendricks Robert R., Sawyer J. Foster, Mahan Shannon A., Zaprowski Brent J., Geibel Nicholas M., Azzolini David C.","journalName":"Geomorphology","publicationDate":"9/2013","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stamm, John F. 0000-0002-3404-2933 jstamm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3404-2933","contributorId":2859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamm","given":"John F.","email":"jstamm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hendricks, Robert R.","contributorId":19070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sawyer, J. Foster","contributorId":80344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Foster","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":1215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zaprowski, Brent J.","contributorId":6362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaprowski","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Geibel, Nicholas M.","contributorId":14721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geibel","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Azzolini, David C.","contributorId":62915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Azzolini","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70047379,"text":"ofr20131138 - 2013 - A conceptual framework for Lake Michigan coastal/nearshore ecosystems, with application to Lake Michigan Lakewide Management Plan (LaMP) objectives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-02T13:27:06","indexId":"ofr20131138","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-02T12:46:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1138","title":"A conceptual framework for Lake Michigan coastal/nearshore ecosystems, with application to Lake Michigan Lakewide Management Plan (LaMP) objectives","docAbstract":"The Lakewide Management Plans (LaMPs) within the Great Lakes region are examples of broad-scale, collaborative resource-management efforts that require a sound ecosystems approach. Yet, the LaMP process is lacking a holistic framework that allows these individual actions to be planned and understood within the broader context of the Great Lakes ecosystem. In this paper we (1) introduce a conceptual framework that unifies ideas and language among Great Lakes managers and scientists, whose focus areas range from tributary watersheds to open-lake waters, and (2) illustrate how the framework can be used to outline the geomorphic, hydrologic biological, and societal processes that underlie several goals of the Lake Michigan LaMP, thus providing a holistic and fairly comprehensive roadmap for tackling these challenges. For each selected goal, we developed a matrix that identifies the key ecosystem processes within the cell for each lake zone and each discipline; we then provide one example where a process is poorly understood and a second where a process is understood, but its impact or importance is unclear. Implicit in these objectives was our intention to highlight the importance of the Great Lakes coastal/nearshore zone. Although the coastal/nearshore zone is the important linkage zone between the watershed and open-lake zones—and is the zone where most LaMP issues are focused--scientists and managers have a relatively poor understanding of how the coastal/nearshore zone functions. We envision follow-up steps including (1) collaborative development of a more detailed and more complete conceptual model of how (and where) identified processes are thought to function, and (2) a subsequent gap analysis of science and monitoring priorities.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131138","usgsCitation":"Seelbach, P.W., Fogarty, L., Bunnell, D.B., Haack, S.K., and Rogers, M.W., 2013, A conceptual framework for Lake Michigan coastal/nearshore ecosystems, with application to Lake Michigan Lakewide Management Plan (LaMP) objectives: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1138, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131138.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131138.jpg"},{"id":275949,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1138/"},{"id":275950,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1138/pdf/ofr2013-1138.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.9119,41.6089 ], [ -87.9119,46.1024 ], [ -84.7385,46.1024 ], [ -84.7385,41.6089 ], [ -87.9119,41.6089 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fcc6cfe4b0296e5a4b5be4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seelbach, Paul W. pseelbach@usgs.gov","contributorId":3937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelbach","given":"Paul","email":"pseelbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R.","contributorId":74074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunnell, David Bo","contributorId":103959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Bo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rogers, Mark W. 0000-0001-7205-5623 mwrogers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-5623","contributorId":4590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"Mark","email":"mwrogers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70047378,"text":"sir20135097 - 2013 - Springs, streams, and gas vent on and near Mount Adams volcano, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-02T12:56:55","indexId":"sir20135097","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-02T12:41:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5097","title":"Springs, streams, and gas vent on and near Mount Adams volcano, Washington","docAbstract":"Springs and some streams on Mount Adams volcano have been sampled for chemistry and light stable isotopes of water. Spring temperatures are generally cooler than air temperatures from weather stations at the same elevation. Spring chemistry generally reflects weathering of volcanic rock from dissolved carbon dioxide. Water in some springs and streams has either dissolved hydrothermal minerals or has reacted with them to add sulfate to the water. Some samples appear to have obtained their sulfate from dissolution of gypsum while some probably involve reaction with sulfide minerals such as pyrite. Light stable isotope data for water from springs follow a local meteoric water line, and the variation of isotopes with elevation indicate that some springs have very local recharge and others have water from elevations a few hundred meters higher. No evidence was found for thermal or slightly thermal springs on Mount Adams. A sample from a seeping gas vent on Mount Adams was at ambient temperature, but the gas is similar to that found on other Cascade volcanoes. Helium isotopes are 4.4 times the value in air, indicating that there is a significant component of mantle helium. The lack of fumaroles on Mount Adams and the ambient temperature of the gas indicates that the gas is from a hydrothermal system that is no longer active.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135097","usgsCitation":"Nathenson, M., and Mariner, R.H., 2013, Springs, streams, and gas vent on and near Mount Adams volcano, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5097, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135097.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":619,"text":"Volcano Science Center-Menlo Park","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275951,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5097/"},{"id":275952,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5097/sir3013-5097.pdf"},{"id":275953,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135097.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Adams Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.45,46 ], [ -121.45,46.30 ], [ -121.15,46.30 ], [ -121.15,46 ], [ -121.45,46 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fcc6d6e4b0296e5a4b5bf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mariner, Robert H. rmariner@usgs.gov","contributorId":3290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"rmariner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":481866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}