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  1. Phosphorus showed high variation across nearshore (10 m depth) sites but was more stable at offshore (20 m and deeper) stations. In June and July, sites at the mouth of the Niagara River and at Oak Orchard had high phosphorus concentrations (20 – 46 μg/L). Epilimnetic average April-Oct total phosphorus (TP) ranged between 6.9 and 19.9 μg/L in the nearshore and between 5.8 and 10.2 μg/L in the offshore. Average April-Oct soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) ranged from 0.9 to 7.3 μg/L in the nearshore and 0.8 to 1.4 μg/L in the offshore. TP and SRP were significantly higher in the nearshore than in the offshore.
  2. Spring TP has declined in the longer data series (since 1981), but not since 1995. It averaged 8.4 μg/L in the nearshore and 5.0 μg/L in the offshore in 2013—below the 10 μg/L target set by the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement of 1978 for offshore waters of Lake Ontario.
  3. Offshore summer chlorophyll-a declined significantly in both the short- (1995-2013) and long-term (1981-2013) time series at a rate of 3-4% per year. Nearshore chlorophyll-a increased after 2003 but then declined again after 2009. Epilimnetic chlorophyll-aaveraged between 0.5 and 1.3 μg/L across sites with no difference between nearshore and offshore habitats. Average seasonal Secchi disk depth ranged from 4.5 m to 10.6 m and was higher in the offshore (average 8.1 m) than nearshore stations (6.3 m). These values are indicative of oligotrophic conditions in both habitats.
  4. In 2013, Apr/May - Oct epilimnetic zooplankton size and total biomass were significantly higher in the offshore than the nearshore. However, with the exception of Limnocalanus (higher in offshore), there were no differences between habitats for any of the zooplankton groups.
  5. Most of the zooplankton biomass was in the metalimnion and hypolimnion during the day in 2013. Between 65 and 98% of zooplankton biomass was found below the thermocline throughout the year.
  6. The predatory cladoceran Cercopagis continued to be abundant in the summer, peaking at ~7 mg/m3in the offshore. Bythotrephes peaked in October (~0.7 mg/m3), but Bythotrephes biomass was at its lowest biomass in both offshore and nearshore stations since 2005.
  7. Summer nearshore zooplankton density and biomass have declined significantly since 1995 at rates of 9-10% per year. Nearshore epilimnetic zooplankton density and biomass have remained stable since 2005 at low levels relative to previous years.
  8. Summer offshore zooplankton density and biomass in the epilimnion of Lake Ontario have also declined since 1995 at rates of 10-14% per year, but those declines are marginally significant; density declined significantly in the long-term (since 1981) but has remained at a lower stable level since 2005.
  9. Bosminid and cyclopoid copepod biomass declined significantly in nearshore waters. The same pattern occurred in the offshore but declines were significant for bosminids and marginally significant for cyclopoid copepods. Daphnid biomass has also declined significantly in the nearshore.
  10. The decline in Daphnid biomass nearshore and Bythotrephes biomass offshore and nearshore is indicative of increased planktivory by alewife. Significant declines in Bosminid and cyclopoid copepod biomass is indicative of increased invertebrate predation by Cercopagis and Bythotrephes in recent years.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2013 Annual report: Bureau of Fisheries, Lake Ontario unit and St. Lawrence River unit, to the Great Lakes Fishery Commission’s Lake Ontario Committee","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Lake Ontario Committee Meeting","conferenceDate":"March 26-27, 2014","conferenceLocation":"Windsor, ON","language":"English","publisher":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","publisherLocation":"Albany, NY","usgsCitation":"Holeck, K.T., Rudstam, L.G., Hotaling, C., McCullough, R., Lemon, D., Pearsall, W., Lantry, J.R., Connerton, M., LaPan, S., Trometer, B., Lantry, B.F., Walsh, M., and Weidel, B., 2014, 2013 status of the Lake Ontario lower trophic levels : NYSDEC Lake Ontario Annual Report 2013, 26 p.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"16-1","endPage":"16-26","ipdsId":"IP-089181","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science 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groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-13T09:48:43","indexId":"70176411","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1566,"text":"Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular signature of organic nitrogen in septic-impacted groundwater","docAbstract":"

Dissolved inorganic and organic nitrogen levels are elevated in aquatic systems due to anthropogenic activities. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) arises from various sources, and its impact could be more clearly constrained if specific sources were identified and if the molecular-level composition of DON were better understood. In this work, the pharmaceutical carbamazepine was used to identify septic-impacted groundwater in a coastal watershed. Using ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry data, the nitrogen-containing features of the dissolved organic matter in septic-impacted and non-impacted samples were compared. The septic-impacted groundwater samples have a larger abundance of nitrogen-containing formulas. Impacted samples have additional DON features in the regions ascribed as ‘protein-like’ and ‘lipid-like’ in van Krevelen space and have more intense nitrogen-containing features in a specific region of a carbon versus mass plot. These features are potential indicators of dissolved organic nitrogen arising from septic effluents, and this work suggests that ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry is a valuable tool to identify and characterize sources of DON.

","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/C4EM00289J","usgsCitation":"Arnold, W., Longnecker, K., Kroeger, K.D., and Kujawinski, E.B., 2014, Molecular signature of organic nitrogen in septic-impacted groundwater: Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts, v. 16, p. 2400-2407, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4EM00289J.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2400","endPage":"2407","ipdsId":"IP-058270","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/6964","text":"External Repository"},{"id":328590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d9233ce4b090824ffa1adf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arnold, William A.","contributorId":31105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"William A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longnecker, Krista","contributorId":174582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Longnecker","given":"Krista","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27473,"text":"Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 360 Woods Hole Rd., Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kroeger, Kevin D. 0000-0002-4272-2349 kkroeger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4272-2349","contributorId":1603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"Kevin","email":"kkroeger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":41100,"text":"Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kujawinski, Elizabeth B.","contributorId":174583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kujawinski","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":27474,"text":"Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 360 Woods Hole Rd., Woods Hole, MA 02543","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70100005,"text":"70100005 - 2014 - Ground-motion site effects from multimethod shear-wave velocity characterization at 16 seismograph stations deployed for aftershocks of the August 2011 Mineral, Virginia earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T13:17:44","indexId":"70100005","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-motion site effects from multimethod shear-wave velocity characterization at 16 seismograph stations deployed for aftershocks of the August 2011 Mineral, Virginia earthquake","docAbstract":"

We characterize shear-wave velocity versus depth (Vs profile) at 16 portable seismograph sites through the epicentral region of the 2011 Mw 5.8 Mineral (Virginia, USA) earthquake to investigate ground-motion site effects in the area. We used a multimethod acquisition and analysis approach, where active-source horizontal shear (SH) wave reflection and refraction as well as active-source multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) and passive-source refraction microtremor (ReMi) Rayleigh wave dispersion were interpreted separately. The time-averaged shear-wave velocity to a depth of 30 m (Vs30), interpreted bedrock depth, and site resonant frequency were estimated from the best-fit Vs profile of each method at each location for analysis. Using the median Vs30 value (270–715 m/s) as representative of a given site, we estimate that all 16 sites are National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) site class C or D. Based on a comparison of simplified mapped surface geology to median Vs30 at our sites, we do not see clear evidence for using surface geologic units as a proxy for Vs30 in the epicentral region, although this may primarily be because the units are similar in age (Paleozoic) and may have similar bulk seismic properties. We compare resonant frequencies calculated from ambient noise horizontal:vertical spectral ratios (HVSR) at available sites to predicted site frequencies (generally between 1.9 and 7.6 Hz) derived from the median bedrock depth and average Vs to bedrock. Robust linear regression of HVSR to both site frequency and Vs30 demonstrate moderate correlation to each, and thus both appear to be generally representative of site response in this region. Based on Kendall tau rank correlation testing, we find that Vs30 and the site frequency calculated from average Vs to median interpreted bedrock depth can both be considered reliable predictors of weak-motion site effects in the epicentral region.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2015.2509(03)","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, W.J., Odum, J., McNamara, D.E., Williams, R., and Angster, S.J., 2014, Ground-motion site effects from multimethod shear-wave velocity characterization at 16 seismograph stations deployed for aftershocks of the August 2011 Mineral, Virginia earthquake: GSA Special Papers, v. 509, p. 47-65, https://doi.org/10.1130/2015.2509(03).","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"65","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055883","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 36.63316209558658\n ],\n [\n -75.7177734375,\n 36.5978891330702\n ],\n [\n -76.552734375,\n 38.736946065676\n ],\n [\n -78.046875,\n 39.62261494094297\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 36.63316209558658\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"509","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bb6e4b08de9379b3499","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Odum, Jackson K. 0000-0003-4697-2430 odum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4697-2430","contributorId":1365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"Jackson K.","email":"odum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNamara, Daniel E. 0000-0001-6860-0350 mcnamara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Daniel","email":"mcnamara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Robert A. rawilliams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Robert A.","email":"rawilliams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Angster, Stephen J","contributorId":116743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angster","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70093916,"text":"70093916 - 2014 - Openness to the unexpected: Our Pathways to Careers in a Federal Research Laboratory.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-17T16:52:06","indexId":"70093916","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Openness to the unexpected: Our Pathways to Careers in a Federal Research Laboratory.","docAbstract":"

Many fisheries professionals may not be in the job they originally envisioned for themselves when they began their undergraduate studies. Rather, their current positions could be the result of unexpected, opportunistic, or perhaps even “lucky” open doors that led them down an unexpected path. In many cases, a mentor helped facilitate the unforeseen trajectory. We offer three unique stories about joining a federal fisheries research laboratory, from the perspective of a scientist, a joint manager-scientist, and a manager. We also use our various experiences to form recommendations that should help the next generation of fisheries professionals succeed in any stop along their journey, including being open to opportunities, setting high expectations, and finding a strong and supportive team environment to work in.

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The Sediment Transport Group at the U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center uses downward looking sonars deployed on seafloor tripods to assess and measure the formation and migration of bedforms. The sonars have been used in three resolution-testing experiments, and deployed autonomously to observe changes in the seafloor for up to two months in seven field experiments since 2002. The sonar data are recorded concurrently with measurements of waves and currents to: a) relate bedform geometry to sediment and flow characteristics; b) assess hydrodynamic drag caused by bedforms; and c) estimate bedform sediment transport rates, all with the goal of evaluating and improving numerical models of these processes. Our hardware, data processing methods, and test and validation procedures have evolved since 2001. We now employ a standard sonar configuration that provides reliable data for correlating flow conditions with bedform morphology. Plans for the future are to sample more rapidly and improve the precision of our tripod orientation measurements.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"OCEANS 2013: Proceedings of a meeting held 23-27 September 2013, San Diego, California, USA","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"OCEANS '13","conferenceDate":"September 23-27, 2013","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"MTS/IEEE","usgsCitation":"Montgomery, E., and Sherwood, C.R., 2014, Studying seafloor bedforms using autonomous stationary imaging and profiling sonars, in OCEANS 2013: Proceedings of a meeting held 23-27 September 2013, San Diego, California, USA, San Diego, CA, September 23-27, 2013, p. 158-164.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"164","ipdsId":"IP-049686","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339572,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":379511,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.proceedings.com/21340.html"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58edbcd4e4b0eed1ab8c6f73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Montgomery, Ellyn T. emontgomery@usgs.gov","contributorId":169594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Ellyn T.","email":"emontgomery@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherwood, Christopher R. 0000-0001-6135-3553 csherwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-3553","contributorId":2866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Christopher","email":"csherwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174838,"text":"70174838 - 2014 - Tracking changes in volcanic systems with seismic Interferometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T14:16:46","indexId":"70174838","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Tracking changes in volcanic systems with seismic Interferometry","docAbstract":"

The detection and evaluation of time-dependent changes at volcanoes form the foundation upon which successful volcano monitoring is built. Temporal changes at volcanoes occur over all time scales and may be obvious (e.g., earthquake swarms) or subtle (e.g., a slow, steady increase in the level of tremor). Some of the most challenging types of time-dependent change to detect are subtle variations in material properties beneath active volcanoes. Although difficult to measure, such changes carry important information about stresses and fluids present within hydrothermal and magmatic systems. These changes are imprinted on seismic waves that propagate through volcanoes. In recent years, there has been a quantum leap in the ability to detect subtle structural changes systematically at volcanoes with seismic waves. The new methodology is based on the idea that useful seismic signals can be generated “at will” from seismic noise. This means signals can be measured any time, in contrast to the often irregular and unpredictable times of earthquakes. With seismic noise in the frequency band 0.1–1 Hz arising from the interaction of the ocean with the solid Earth known as microseisms, researchers have demonstrated that cross-correlations of passive seismic recordings between pairs of seismometers yield coherent signals (Campillo and Paul 2003; Shapiro and Campillo 2004). Based on this principle, coherent signals have been reconstructed from noise recordings in such diverse fields as helioseismology (Rickett and Claerbout 2000), ultrasound (Weaver and Lobkis 2001), ocean acoustic waves (Roux and Kuperman 2004), regional (Shapiro et al. 2005; Sabra et al. 2005; Bensen et al. 2007) and exploration (Draganov et al. 2007) seismology, atmospheric infrasound (Haney 2009), and studies of the cryosphere (Marsan et al. 2012). Initial applications of ambient seismic noise were to regional surface wave tomography (Shapiro et al. 2005). Brenguier et al. (2007) were the first to use ambient noise tomography (ANT) to map the 3D structure of a volcanic interior (at Piton de la Fournaise). Subsequent studies have imaged volcanoes with ANT at Okmok (Masterlark et al. 2010), Toba (Stankiewicz et al. 2010), Katmai (Thurber et al. 2012), Asama (Nagaoka et al. 2012), Uturuncu (Jay et al. 2012), and Kilauea (Ballmer et al. 2013b). In addition, Ma et al. (2013) have imaged a scatterer in the volcanic region of southern Peru by applying array techniques to ambient noise correlations. Prior to and in tandem with the development of ANT, researchers discovered that repeating earthquakes, which often occur at volcanoes, could be used to monitor subtle time-dependent changes with a technique known as the doublet method or coda wave interferometry (CWI) (Poupinet et al. 1984; Roberts et al. 1992; Ratdomopurbo and Poupinet 1995; Snieder et al. 2002; Pandolfi et al. 2006; Wegler et al. 2006; Martini et al. 2009; Haney et al. 2009; De Angelis 2009; Nagaoka et al. 2010; Battaglia et al. 2012; Erdem and Waite 2005; Hotovec-Ellis et al. 2014). Chaput et al. (2012) have also used scattered waves from Strombolian eruption coda at Erebus volcano to image the reflectivity of the volcanic interior with body wave interferometry. However, CWI in its original form was limited in that repeating earthquakes, or doublets, were not always guaranteed to occur. With the widespread use of noise correlations in seismology following the groundbreaking work by Campillo and Paul (2003) and Shapiro et al. (2005), it became evident that the nature of the ambient seismic field, due to its oceanic origin, enabled the continuous monitoring of subtle, time-dependent changes at both fault zones (Wegler and Sens-Schönfelder 2007; Brenguier et al. 2008b; Wegler et al. 2009; Sawazaki et al. 2009; Tatagi et al. 2012) and volcanoes (Sens-Schönfelder and Wegler 2006; Brenguier et al. 2008a) without the need for repeating earthquakes. Seismic precursors to eruptions based on ambient noise we

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_50-1","isbn":"978-3-642-36197-5 (Online)","usgsCitation":"Haney, M.M., Alicia J. Hotovec-Ellis, Bennington, N.L., De Angelis, S., and Clifford Thurber, 2014, Tracking changes in volcanic systems with seismic Interferometry, chap. of Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_50-1.","productDescription":"23 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056318","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdbae4b0f1bea0e0f902","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. 0000-0003-3317-7884 mhaney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3317-7884","contributorId":172948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alicia J. Hotovec-Ellis","contributorId":172949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alicia J. Hotovec-Ellis","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennington, Ninfa L.","contributorId":172950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennington","given":"Ninfa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"De Angelis, Silvio","contributorId":172951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Angelis","given":"Silvio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16977,"text":"University of Liverpool","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clifford Thurber","contributorId":172952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clifford Thurber","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70100896,"text":"70100896 - 2014 - Modeling the hydrogeophysical response of lake talik evolution ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T11:39:28","indexId":"70100896","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Modeling the hydrogeophysical response of lake talik evolution ","docAbstract":"

Geophysical methods provide valuable information about subsurface permafrost and its relation to dynamic hydrologic systems. Airborne electromagnetic data from interior Alaska are used to map the distribution of permafrost, geological features, surface water, and groundwater. To validate and gain further insight into these field datasets, we also explore the geophysical response to hydrologic simulations of permafrost evolution by implementing a physical property relationship that connects geology, temperature, and ice saturation to changes in electrical properties.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2014","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/segam2014-0311.1 ","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., Wellman, T., Walvoord, M.A., and Revil, A., 2014, Modeling the hydrogeophysical response of lake talik evolution , in SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2014, p. 4528-4533, https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2014-0311.1 .","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4528","endPage":"4533","ipdsId":"IP-055831","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeee23e4b0da30c1bfc762","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wellman, Tristan 0000-0003-3049-6214 twellman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-6214","contributorId":2166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellman","given":"Tristan","email":"twellman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle Ann 0000-0003-4269-8366 walvoord@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":147211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"walvoord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Revil, Andre","contributorId":117980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revil","given":"Andre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70186518,"text":"70186518 - 2014 - USGS48 Puerto Rico precipitation - A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T08:52:41","indexId":"70186518","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2114,"text":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS48 Puerto Rico precipitation - A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water","docAbstract":"

A new secondary isotopic reference material has been prepared from Puerto Rico precipitation, which was filtered, homogenised, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed with a torch, autoclaved to eliminate biological activity, and calibrated by dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. This isotopic reference material, designated as USGS48, is intended to be one of two isotopic reference waters for daily normalisation of stable hydrogen (δ2H) and stable oxygen (δ18O) isotopic analysis of water with a mass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer. The δ2H and δ18O values of this reference water are−2.0±0.4 and−2.224±0.012 ‰, respectively, relative to Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water on scales normalised such that the δ2H and δ18O values of Standard Light Antarctic Precipitation reference water are−428 and−55.5 ‰, respectively. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U=2uc) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95 % probability of encompassing the true value. This isotopic reference water is available by the case of 144 glass ampoules containing 5 mL of water in each ampoule.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2014.905555","usgsCitation":"Qi, H., Coplen, T.B., Tarbox, L.V., Lorenz, J.M., and Scholl, M.A., 2014, USGS48 Puerto Rico precipitation - A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water: Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, v. 50, no. 4, p. 442-447, https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2014.905555.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"442","endPage":"447","ipdsId":"IP-052742","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339182,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","volume":"50","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e60273e4b09da6799ac68d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tarbox, Lauren V. 0000-0002-4126-1851 ltarbox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4126-1851","contributorId":5319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarbox","given":"Lauren","email":"ltarbox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorenz, Jennifer M. 0000-0002-5826-7264 jlorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-7264","contributorId":3558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70194120,"text":"70194120 - 2014 - Bacterial pathogen gene abundance and relation to recreational water quality at seven Great Lakes beaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T16:52:57","indexId":"70194120","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacterial pathogen gene abundance and relation to recreational water quality at seven Great Lakes beaches","docAbstract":"

Quantitative assessment of bacterial pathogens, their geographic variability, and distribution in various matrices at Great Lakes beaches are limited. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to test for genes from E. coli O157:H7 (eaeO157), shiga-toxin producing E. coli (stx2), Campylobacter jejuni (mapA), Shigella spp. (ipaH), and a Salmonella enterica-specific (SE) DNA sequence at seven Great Lakes beaches, in algae, water, and sediment. Overall, detection frequencies were mapA>stx2>ipaH>SE>eaeO157. Results were highly variable among beaches and matrices; some correlations with environmental conditions were observed for mapA, stx2, and ipaH detections. Beach seasonal mean mapA abundance in water was correlated with beach seasonal mean log10E. coli concentration. At one beach, stx2 gene abundance was positively correlated with concurrent daily E. coli concentrations. Concentration distributions for stx2, ipaH, and mapA within algae, sediment, and water were statistically different (Non-Detect and Data Analysis in R). Assuming 10, 50, or 100% of gene copies represented viable and presumably infective cells, a quantitative microbial risk assessment tool developed by Michigan State University indicated a moderate probability of illness for Campylobacter jejuni at the study beaches, especially where recreational water quality criteria were exceeded. Pathogen gene quantification may be useful for beach water quality management.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es5038657","usgsCitation":"Oster, R.J., Wijesinghe, R.U., Fogarty, L.R., Haack, S.K., Fogarty, L.R., Tucker, T.R., and Riley, S., 2014, Bacterial pathogen gene abundance and relation to recreational water quality at seven Great Lakes beaches: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 48, no. 24, p. 14148-14157, https://doi.org/10.1021/es5038657.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"14148","endPage":"14157","ipdsId":"IP-052094","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","volume":"48","issue":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6100c8e4b06e28e9c25411","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oster, Ryan J. roster@usgs.gov","contributorId":5483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oster","given":"Ryan","email":"roster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wijesinghe, Rasanthi U. rwijesinghe@usgs.gov","contributorId":5484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wijesinghe","given":"Rasanthi","email":"rwijesinghe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":722158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa Reynolds 0000-0003-0329-3251 lrfogart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-3251","contributorId":150958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa","email":"lrfogart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Reynolds","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R. 0000-0003-0329-3251 lrfogart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-3251","contributorId":2053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa","email":"lrfogart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":722571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tucker, Taaja R. 0000-0003-1534-4677 trtucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-4677","contributorId":5172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Taaja","email":"trtucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Riley, Stephen 0000-0002-8968-8416 sriley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8968-8416","contributorId":169479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Stephen","email":"sriley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70120201,"text":"70120201 - 2014 - Well log and 2D seismic data character of the Wilcox Group in south-central Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-19T12:03:55","indexId":"70120201","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1871,"text":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Well log and 2D seismic data character of the Wilcox Group in south-central Louisiana","docAbstract":"

Well logs and 2D seismic data were used to interpret the depth and morphology of potential Paleocene and lower Eocene Wilcox Group slope and basin-floor reservoirs in south-central Louisiana. These may occur in a poorly explored area previously estimated by the U.S. Geological Survey to contain a mean undiscovered conventional resource potential of 26,398 billion cubic feet of gas and 423 million barrels of natural gas liquids.

\n

 

\n

The Wilcox Group is 15,000 to 26,000 feet deep in south-central Louisiana. Previously published paleogeographic maps suggest the sediment transport direction during the Paleocene and lower Eocene was west to east, parallel to the relict Cretaceous shelf margin, and north to south due to the development of the Holly Springs delta system in Louisiana. Inclined reflectors on the 2D seismic data suggest high-energy deposition of clastic sediments. There is minimal well control downdip of currently productive areas.

\n

 

\n

The Wilcox Group is productive in updip areas of Texas and Louisiana from fluvial, deltaic, and near-shore marine shelf sandstones. The reported presence of porous sandstones at 29,000 feet within the Wilcox Group containing about 200 feet of gas in the Davy Jones 1 discovery well in the offshore Louisiana South Marsh Island area illustrates a sand-rich system developed during the Paleocene and early Eocene. This study describes some of the well log and reflection seismic data characteristics of the slope and basin-floor reservoirs with gas-discovery potential that may be in the area between the producing trend onshore Louisiana and the offshore discovery.

","language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies","usgsCitation":"Enomoto, C.B., 2014, Well log and 2D seismic data character of the Wilcox Group in south-central Louisiana: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 64, p. 105-118.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"118","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055340","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/gcags/data/064/064001/105_gcags640105.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.06494140625,\n 33.063924198120645\n ],\n [\n -90.85693359375,\n 32.97180377635759\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 30.732392734006083\n ],\n [\n -88.9892578125,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n -88.96728515624999,\n 28.86391842622456\n ],\n [\n -93.91113281249999,\n 29.783449456820605\n ],\n [\n -94.06494140625,\n 33.063924198120645\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c8fe4b08de9379b3873","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enomoto, Catherine B. 0000-0002-4119-1953 cenomoto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-1953","contributorId":2126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enomoto","given":"Catherine","email":"cenomoto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70188868,"text":"70188868 - 2014 - The Wallula fault and tectonic framework of south-central Washington, as interpreted from magnetic and gravity anomalies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T09:58:56","indexId":"70188868","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Wallula fault and tectonic framework of south-central Washington, as interpreted from magnetic and gravity anomalies","docAbstract":"

The Yakima fold and thrust belt (YFTB) in central Washington has accommodated regional, mostly north-directed, deformation of the Cascadia backarc since prior to emplacement of Miocene flood basalt of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). The YFTB consists of two structural domains. Northern folds of the YFTB strike eastward and terminate at the western margin of a 20-mGal negative gravity anomaly, the Pasco gravity low, straddling the North American continental margin. Southern folds of the YFTB strike southeastward, form part of the Olympic–Wallowa lineament (OWL), and pass south of the Pasco gravity low as the Wallula fault zone. An upper crustal model based on gravity and magnetic anomalies suggests that the Pasco gravity low is caused in part by an 8-km-deep Tertiary basin, the Pasco sub-basin, abutting the continental margin and concealed beneath CRBG. The Pasco sub-basin is crossed by north-northwest-striking magnetic anomalies caused by dikes of the 8.5 Ma Ice Harbor Member of the CRBG. At their northern end, dikes connect with the eastern terminus of the Saddle Mountains thrust of the YFTB. At their southern end, dikes are disrupted by the Wallula fault zone. The episode of NE–SW extension that promoted Ice Harbor dike injection apparently involved strike-slip displacement on the Saddle Mountains and Wallula faults. The amount of lateral shear on the OWL impacts the level of seismic hazard in the Cascadia region. Ice Harbor dikes, as mapped with aeromagnetic data, are dextrally offset by the Wallula fault zone a total of 6.9 km. Assuming that dike offsets are tectonic in origin, the Wallula fault zone has experienced an average dextral shear of 0.8 mm/y since dike emplacement 8.5 Ma, consistent with right-lateral stream offsets observed at other locations along the OWL. Southeastward, the Wallula fault transfers strain to the north-striking Hite fault, the possible location of the M 5.7 Milton-Freewater earthquake in 1936.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2013.11.006","usgsCitation":"Blakely, R.J., Sherrod, B.L., Weaver, C.S., Wells, R.E., and Rohay, A.C., 2014, The Wallula fault and tectonic framework of south-central Washington, as interpreted from magnetic and gravity anomalies: Tectonophysics, v. 624-625, p. 32-45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2013.11.006.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"45","ipdsId":"IP-045964","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342940,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Wallula Fault","volume":"624-625","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536eaee4b062508e3c7aaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L. 0000-0002-4492-8631 bsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8631","contributorId":2834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"bsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weaver, Craig S. craig@usgs.gov","contributorId":2690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Craig","email":"craig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":149772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rohay, Alan C.","contributorId":8743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohay","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70180070,"text":"70180070 - 2014 - A method and example of seismically imaging near‐surface fault zones in geologically complex areas using Vp, Vs, and their ratios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T11:56:29","indexId":"70180070","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A method and example of seismically imaging near‐surface fault zones in geologically complex areas using Vp, Vs, and their ratios","docAbstract":"

The determination of near‐surface (vadose zone and slightly below) fault locations and geometries is important because assessment of ground rupture, strong shaking, geologic slip rates, and rupture histories occurs at shallow depths. However, seismic imaging of fault zones at shallow depths can be difficult due to near‐surface complexities, such as weathering, groundwater saturation, massive (nonlayered) rocks, and vertically layered strata. Combined P‐ and S‐wave seismic‐refraction tomography data can overcome many of the near‐surface, fault‐zone seismic‐imaging problems because of differences in the responses of elastic (bulk and shear) moduli of P and S waves to shallow‐depth, fault‐zone properties. We show that high‐resolution refraction tomography images of P‐ to S‐wave velocity ratios (VP/VS) can reliably identify near‐surface faults. We demonstrate this method using tomography images of the San Andreas fault (SAF) surface‐rupture zone associated with the 18 April 1906 ∼M 7.9 San Francisco earthquake on the San Francisco peninsula in California. There, the SAF cuts through Franciscan mélange, which consists of an incoherent assemblage of greywacke, chert, greenstone, and serpentinite. A near‐vertical zone (∼75° northeast dip) of high P‐wave velocities (up to 3000  m/s), low S‐wave velocities (∼150–600  m/s), high VP/VS ratios (4–8.8), and high Poisson’s ratios (0.44–0.49) characterizes the main surface‐rupture zone to a depth of about 20 m and is consistent with nearby trench observations. We suggest that the combined VP/VSimaging approach can reliably identify most near‐surface fault zones in locations where many other seismic methods cannot be applied.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120130294","usgsCitation":"Catchings, R.D., Rymer, M.J., Goldman, M.R., Sickler, R.R., and Criley, C.J., 2014, A method and example of seismically imaging near‐surface fault zones in geologically complex areas using Vp, Vs, and their ratios: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 104, no. 4, p. 1989-2006, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130294.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1989","endPage":"2006","ipdsId":"IP-046000","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588876dbe4b05ccb964baad9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Catchings, Rufus D. 0000-0002-5191-6102 catching@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-6102","contributorId":1519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"Rufus","email":"catching@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, Mark R. 0000-0002-0802-829X goldman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-829X","contributorId":1521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"Mark","email":"goldman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sickler, Robert R. 0000-0002-9141-625X rsickler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-625X","contributorId":3235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sickler","given":"Robert","email":"rsickler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Criley, Coyn J. 0000-0002-0227-0165 ccriley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0227-0165","contributorId":3312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Criley","given":"Coyn","email":"ccriley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70191819,"text":"70191819 - 2014 - Landsat Science Team meeting — First Landsat 8 evaluations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-01T22:46:47.053949","indexId":"70191819","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3555,"text":"The Earth Observer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat Science Team meeting — First Landsat 8 evaluations","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)-NASA Landsat Science Team (LST) met at the USGS’ Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center near Sioux Falls, SD, from October 29-31, 2013. All meeting presentations can be downloaded from landsat.usgs.gov/science_LST_October_29_31_2013.php.

","language":"English","publisher":"NASA","usgsCitation":"Loveland, T.R., Wulder, M.A., and Irons, J.R., 2014, Landsat Science Team meeting — First Landsat 8 evaluations: The Earth Observer, v. 26, no. 2, p. 24-28.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"28","ipdsId":"IP-046236","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346819,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://eospso.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/eo_pdfs/Mar-Apr2014_508finalcolor.pdf"},{"id":347358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a2a8e4b0220bbd9d9fa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":715666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wulder, Michael A.","contributorId":189990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wulder","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Irons, James R.","contributorId":59284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irons","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192463,"text":"70192463 - 2014 - Probing reservoir-triggered earthquakes in Koyna, India, through scientific deep drilling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-02T15:20:18","indexId":"70192463","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3356,"text":"Scientific Drilling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probing reservoir-triggered earthquakes in Koyna, India, through scientific deep drilling","docAbstract":"

We report here the salient features of the recently concluded International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) workshop in Koyna, India. This workshop was a sequel to the earlier held ICDP workshop in Hyderabad and Koyna in 2011. A total of 49 experts (37 from India and 12 from 8 other countries) spent 3 days reviewing the work carried out during the last 3 years based on the recommendations of the 2011 workshop and suggesting the future course of action, including detailed planning for a full deep drilling proposal in Koyna, India. It was unanimously concluded that Koyna is one of the best sites anywhere in the world to investigate genesis of triggered earthquakes from near-field observations. A broad framework of the activities for the next phase leading to deep drilling has been worked out.

","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/sd-18-5-2014","usgsCitation":"Gupta, H., Nayak, S., Ellsworth, W.L., Rao, Y.J., Rajan, S., Bansal, B., Purnachandra Rao, N., Roy, S., Arora, K., Mohan, R., Tiwari, V.M., Satyanarayana, H.V., Patro, P.K., Shashidhar, D., and Mallika, K., 2014, Probing reservoir-triggered earthquakes in Koyna, India, through scientific deep drilling: Scientific Drilling, v. 18, p. 5-9, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-18-5-2014.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-062277","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473286,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-18-5-2014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":350991,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7586dde4b00f54eb1d8212","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gupta, H.","contributorId":75296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gupta","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nayak, Shailesh","contributorId":198415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nayak","given":"Shailesh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. ellsworth@usgs.gov","contributorId":787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rao, Y. J. B.","contributorId":201624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rao","given":"Y.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rajan, S.","contributorId":201625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rajan","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bansal, B.K.","contributorId":51511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bansal","given":"B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Purnachandra Rao, N.","contributorId":201626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Purnachandra Rao","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roy, S.","contributorId":100221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Arora, K.","contributorId":201627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arora","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mohan, R.","contributorId":201628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mohan","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tiwari, V. M.","contributorId":201629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tiwari","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Satyanarayana, H. V. S.","contributorId":201630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satyanarayana","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Patro, P. K.","contributorId":201631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patro","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Shashidhar, D.","contributorId":201632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shashidhar","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mallika, K.","contributorId":201633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mallika","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70136244,"text":"70136244 - 2014 - The case for a modern multiwavelength, polarization-sensitive LIDAR in orbit around Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-18T11:13:04","indexId":"70136244","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3850,"text":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The case for a modern multiwavelength, polarization-sensitive LIDAR in orbit around Mars","docAbstract":"

We present the scientific case to build a multiple-wavelength, active, near-infrared (NIR) instrument to measure the reflected intensity and polarization characteristics of backscattered radiation from planetary surfaces and atmospheres. We focus on the ability of such an instrument to enhance, perhaps revolutionize, our understanding of climate, volatiles and astrobiological potential of modern-day Mars.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2014.10.021","usgsCitation":"Brown, A.J., Michaels, T.I., Byrne, S., Sun, W., Titus, T.N., Colaprete, A., Wolff, M.J., Videen, G., and Grund, C.J., 2014, The case for a modern multiwavelength, polarization-sensitive LIDAR in orbit around Mars: Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, v. 115, p. 131-143, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2014.10.021.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"143","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057073","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1406.0030","text":"External Repository"},{"id":298701,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"115","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"550aa1c0e4b02e76d7590c0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Adrian J.","contributorId":106032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Adrian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michaels, Timothy I.","contributorId":38883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaels","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byrne, Shane","contributorId":53513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byrne","given":"Shane","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sun, Wenbo","contributorId":131093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sun","given":"Wenbo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7239,"text":"Science Systems and Applications, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Titus, Timothy N. 0000-0003-0700-4875 ttitus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-4875","contributorId":146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"Timothy","email":"ttitus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Colaprete, Anthony","contributorId":62079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colaprete","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wolff, Michael J.","contributorId":131094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolff","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7038,"text":"Space Science Institute, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Videen, Gorden","contributorId":131095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Videen","given":"Gorden","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7038,"text":"Space Science Institute, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Grund, Christian J.","contributorId":139712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grund","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70187636,"text":"70187636 - 2014 - Combined global change effects on ecosystem processesin nine U.S. topographically complex areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T10:20:44","indexId":"70187636","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combined global change effects on ecosystem processesin nine U.S. topographically complex areas","docAbstract":"

Concurrent changes in climate, atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, and increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) affect ecosystems in complex ways. The DayCent-Chem model was used to investigate the combined effects of these human-caused drivers of change over the period 1980–2075 at seven forested montane and two alpine watersheds in the United States. Net ecosystem production (NEP) increased linearly with increasing N deposition for six out of seven forested watersheds; warming directly increased NEP at only two of these sites. Warming reduced soil organic carbon storage at all sites by increasing heterotrophic respiration. At most sites, warming together with high N deposition increased nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions enough to negate the greenhouse benefit of soil carbon sequestration alone, though there was a net greenhouse gas sink across nearly all sites mainly due to the effect of CO2 fertilization and associated sequestration by plants. Over the simulation period, an increase in atmospheric CO2 from 350 to 600 ppm was the main driver of change in net ecosystem greenhouse gas sequestration at all forested sites and one of two alpine sites, but an additional increase in CO2 from 600 to 760 ppm produced smaller effects. Warming either increased or decreased net greenhouse gas sequestration, depending on the site. The N contribution to net ecosystem greenhouse gas sequestration averaged across forest sites was only 5–7 % and was negligible for the alpine. Stream nitrate (NO3−) fluxes increased sharply with N-loading, primarily at three watersheds where initial N deposition values were high relative to terrestrial N uptake capacity. The simulated results displayed fewer synergistic responses to warming, N-loading, and CO2 fertilization than expected. Overall, simulations with DayCent-Chem suggest individual site characteristics and historical patterns of N deposition are important determinants of forest or alpine ecosystem responses to global change.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-014-9950-9","usgsCitation":"Hartman, M.D., Baron, J., Ewing, H.A., and Weathers, K., 2014, Combined global change effects on ecosystem processesin nine U.S. topographically complex areas: Biogeochemistry, v. 119, no. 1, p. 85-108, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-014-9950-9.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"108","ipdsId":"IP-071832","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341157,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"119","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5915495fe4b01a342e691301","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartman, Melannie D.","contributorId":98836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"Melannie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baron, Jill S. 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":174080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill S.","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ewing, Holly A.","contributorId":191962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ewing","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33413,"text":"Bates College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weathers, Kathleen","contributorId":191961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weathers","given":"Kathleen","affiliations":[{"id":7188,"text":"Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70135992,"text":"70135992 - 2014 - Response of reef corals on a fringing reef flat to elevated suspended-sediment concentrations: Moloka‘i, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-07T12:52:38","indexId":"70135992","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of reef corals on a fringing reef flat to elevated suspended-sediment concentrations: Moloka‘i, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"

A long-term (10 month exposure) experiment on effects of suspended sediment on the mortality, growth, and recruitment of the reef corals Montipora capitata and Porites compressa was conducted on the shallow reef flat off south Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi. Corals were grown on wire platforms with attached coral recruitment tiles along a suspended solid concentration (SSC) gradient that ranged from 37 mg l−1 (inshore) to 3 mg l−1(offshore). Natural coral reef development on the reef flat is limited to areas with SSCs less than 10 mg l−1 as previously suggested in the scientific literature. However, the experimental corals held at much higher levels of turbidity showed surprisingly good survivorship and growth. High SSCs encountered on the reef flat reduced coral recruitment by one to three orders of magnitude compared to other sites throughout Hawaiʻi. There was a significant correlation between the biomass of macroalgae attached to the wire growth platforms at the end of the experiment and percentage of the corals showing mortality. We conclude that lack of suitable hard substrate, macroalgal competition, and blockage of recruitment on available substratum are major factors accounting for the low natural coral coverage in areas of high turbidity. The direct impact of high turbidity on growth and mortality is of lesser importance.

","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.7717/peerj.699","usgsCitation":"Jokiel, P.L., Rodgers, K., Storlazzi, C., Field, M.E., Lager, C.V., and Lager, D., 2014, Response of reef corals on a fringing reef flat to elevated suspended-sediment concentrations: Moloka‘i, Hawai‘i: PeerJ, e699: 16 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.699.","productDescription":"e699: 16 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059373","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.699","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Moloka'i","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.379150390625,\n 21.32008096400822\n ],\n [\n -156.6156005859375,\n 21.268899719967695\n ],\n [\n -156.7529296875,\n 20.992214250886114\n ],\n [\n -157.4176025390625,\n 21.089625396733947\n ],\n [\n -157.379150390625,\n 21.32008096400822\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c47e4b08de9379b36f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jokiel, Paul L.","contributorId":131043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jokiel","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7212,"text":"University of Hawai‘i, Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodgers, Ku'ulei S.","contributorId":131044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodgers","given":"Ku'ulei S.","affiliations":[{"id":7212,"text":"University of Hawai‘i, Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":2333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Field, Michael E. mfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":2101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Michael","email":"mfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lager, Claire V.","contributorId":131045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lager","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":7212,"text":"University of Hawai‘i, Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lager, Dan","contributorId":131046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lager","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7213,"text":"Hawai‘i State Division of Aquatic Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70191613,"text":"70191613 - 2014 - Potential fitness benefits of the half-pounder life history in Klamath River steelhead","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-17T14:58:08","indexId":"70191613","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential fitness benefits of the half-pounder life history in Klamath River steelhead","docAbstract":"

Steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss from several of the world's rivers display the half-pounder life history, a variant characterized by an amphidromous (and, less often, anadromous) return to freshwater in the year of initial ocean entry. We evaluated factors related to expression of the half-pounder life history in wild steelhead from the lower Klamath River basin, California. We also evaluated fitness consequences of the half-pounder phenotype using a simple life history model that was parameterized with our empirical data and outputs from a regional survival equation. The incidence of the half-pounder life history differed among subbasins of origin and smolt ages. Precocious maturation occurred in approximately 8% of half-pounders and was best predicted by individual length in freshwater preceding ocean entry. Adult steelhead of the half-pounder phenotype were smaller and less fecund at age than adult steelhead of the alternative (ocean contingent) phenotype. However, our data suggest that fish of the half-pounder phenotype are more likely to spawn repeatedly than are fish of the ocean contingent phenotype. Models predicted that if lifetime survivorship were equal between phenotypes, the fitness of the half-pounder phenotype would be 17–28% lower than that of the ocean contingent phenotype. To meet the condition of equal fitness between phenotypes would require that first-year ocean survival be 21–40% higher among half-pounders in freshwater than among their cohorts at sea. We concluded that continued expression of the half-pounder phenotype is favored by precocious maturation and increased survival relative to that of the ocean contingent phenotype.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2014.892536","usgsCitation":"Hodge, B.W., Wilzbach, P., and Duffy, W.G., 2014, Potential fitness benefits of the half-pounder life history in Klamath River steelhead: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 143, no. 4, p. 864-875, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.892536.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"864","endPage":"875","ipdsId":"IP-051296","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -124,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -124,\n 40.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"143","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e71695e4b05fe04cd331e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodge, Brian W.","contributorId":172966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodge","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilzbach, Peggy 0000-0002-3559-3630 paw7002@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3559-3630","contributorId":3908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilzbach","given":"Peggy","email":"paw7002@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duffy, Walter G. wgd7001@usgs.gov","contributorId":2491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffy","given":"Walter","email":"wgd7001@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70136151,"text":"70136151 - 2014 - Demography and behavior of polar bears summering on land in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:24:08","indexId":"70136151","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Demography and behavior of polar bears summering on land in Alaska","docAbstract":"

Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in the southern Beaufort Sea population (SB) are spending increased time on the coastal North Slope of Alaska between July and October (Gleason and Rode 2010). The duration spent on land by polar bears, satellite collared on the sea-ice in the spring, during the summer and fall has also increased (USGS, unpublished data; Figure 1). This change in polar bear ecology has relevance for human-bear interactions, subsistence harvest, prevalence of defense kills, and disturbance associated with existing land-based development [e.g., National Petroleum Reserve of Alaska (NPRA), Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR)], Native Alaskan communities, recreation (ANWR) and tourism (e.g., bear viewing in Kaktovik, AK). These activities have the potential to impact, in new ways, the status of the entire SB population. Concomitantly, the change in polar bear ecology will impact these human activities, and a base-line characterization of this phenomenon can better inform mitigation (e.g., industry permitting under the Endangered Species Act and Marine Mammal Protection Act). In this study we aim to characterize the demography, habitat-use, and aspects of foraging ecology and health of polar bears spending fall on land. The SB population is characterized by a divergent-sea ice ecology, where polar bears typically spend most of the year on the sea-ice, even as the pack ice retreats northward, away from the coast, to its minimal extent in September (Amstrup et al. 2008; Durner et al. 2009). From 2000 – 2005, using coastal aerial surveys, Schliebe et al. (2008) observed between 3.7 and 8% of polar bears from SB (~ 60 – 120 of 1526, Regher et al. 2006) on land during the autumn. Sighting probability was not estimated in these surveys, and therefore the numbers represent minimum numbers of bears on land. Our analysis of USGS data suggest an annual average of 15% (± 3%, SE) of polar bears satellite-tagged on the spring-time sea ice (total n = 18 of 124 satellite tags, 2003 – 2009) come to land during July – October. Based on these data, and an assumption that bears satellite-tagged on the spring time sea ice are representative of the entire SB population of independent bears, there would be an average of 230 bears on land each fall. In contrast to the SB population, in five of the world’s 19 polar bear populations (Obbard et al. 2010), polar bears spend significant periods of time on land (1 – 5 months) when ice completely melts. In these seasonal-ice populations (Amstrup et al. 2008), polar bears are largely in a hypophagic condition (e.g., Hobson et al. 2009), relying on fat stores from the spring hyperphagic season, when ringed seals (Phoca hispida) pup. In general, these seasonal-ice populations are demographically productive (Taylor et al. 2005), although recently an increase in the ice-free season has resulted in a population decline in western Hudson Bay (Stirling et al. 1999; Regehr et al. 2007). There have been measured declines in the body condition and productivity of polar bears in SB, and changes in these parameters have been linked to declining optimal ice habitat (e.g., Durner et al. 2009; Regehr et al. 2010). We do not understand the relationship between land-use and the overall status of the population. Individual polar bears that use land may have increased or decreased fitness, in comparison to polar bears that remain on ice in the autumn. This project, which focuses on the biology of animals that spend time on-shore, will help address this question. This project is funded by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) under Agreement No. M09PG00025 and the USGS Outer Continental Shelf Program (OCS) for FY 2009-2014. Parts of this study are also funded by US Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Marine Mammals Management; the Bureau of Land Management; and the North Slope Borough, Department of Wildlife Management. This report is comprehensive, describing results for achieving the overlap

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70136151","usgsCitation":"Peacock, E.L., 2014, Demography and behavior of polar bears summering on land in Alaska, 3 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/70136151.","productDescription":"3 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035445","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332307,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332306,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.boem.gov/AK-09-05b/"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.50390625,\n 69.99053495947653\n ],\n [\n -129.7265625,\n 70.34831755984779\n ],\n [\n -125.15625000000001,\n 74.01954331150228\n ],\n [\n -129.375,\n 75.47513069090051\n ],\n [\n -136.23046875,\n 76.98014914976217\n ],\n [\n -155.478515625,\n 76.86081041605964\n ],\n [\n -169.013671875,\n 75.43097919105938\n ],\n [\n -179.736328125,\n 72.91963546581484\n ],\n [\n -178.59375,\n 71.04552881933586\n ],\n [\n -177.890625,\n 68.84766505841037\n ],\n [\n -173.671875,\n 67.2720426739952\n ],\n [\n -169.365234375,\n 66.12496236487968\n ],\n [\n -167.255859375,\n 65.91062334197893\n ],\n [\n -163.828125,\n 66.65297740055279\n ],\n [\n -162.24609375,\n 65.87472467098549\n ],\n [\n -161.455078125,\n 66.40795547978848\n ],\n [\n -164.443359375,\n 67.5421666883853\n ],\n [\n -166.11328125,\n 68.5924865825295\n ],\n [\n -163.828125,\n 69.1312712296365\n ],\n [\n -161.89453125,\n 70.19999407534661\n ],\n [\n -158.994140625,\n 70.8446726342528\n ],\n [\n -156.181640625,\n 71.30079291637452\n ],\n [\n -151.435546875,\n 70.61261423801925\n ],\n [\n -148.271484375,\n 70.22974449563027\n ],\n [\n -144.228515625,\n 70.08056215839737\n ],\n [\n -141.50390625,\n 69.8698915662856\n ],\n [\n -141.50390625,\n 69.99053495947653\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5859000be4b03639a6025e39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70195290,"text":"70195290 - 2014 - Understanding the value of imperfect science from national estimates of bird mortality from window collisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-07T15:23:54","indexId":"70195290","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding the value of imperfect science from national estimates of bird mortality from window collisions","docAbstract":"

The publication of a U.S. estimate of bird–window collisions by Loss et al. is an example of the somewhat contentious approach of using extrapolations to obtain large-scale estimates from small-scale studies. We review the approach by Loss et al. and other authors who have published papers on human-induced avian mortality and describe the drawbacks and advantages to publishing what could be considered imperfect science. The main drawback is the inherent and somewhat unquantifiable bias of using small-scale studies to scale up to a national estimate. The direct benefits include development of new methodologies for creating the estimates, an explicit treatment of known biases with acknowledged uncertainty in the final estimate, and the novel results. Other overarching benefits are that these types of papers are catalysts for improving all aspects of the science of estimates and for policies that must respond to the new information.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-13-134.1","usgsCitation":"Machtans, C.S., and Thogmartin, W.E., 2014, Understanding the value of imperfect science from national estimates of bird mortality from window collisions: Condor, v. 116, no. 1, p. 3-7, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-13-134.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-052841","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-13-134.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":351292,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7c1e7ce4b00f54eb229360","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Machtans, Craig S.","contributorId":202180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Machtans","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36360,"text":"Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70146522,"text":"70146522 - 2014 - Landscapes of Santa Rosa Island, Channel Islands National Park, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-01T16:37:05","indexId":"70146522","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Landscapes of Santa Rosa Island, Channel Islands National Park, California","docAbstract":"

Santa Rosa Island (SRI) is the second-largest of the California Channel Islands. It is one of 4 east–west aligned islands forming the northern Channel Islands chain, and one of the 5 islands in Channel Islands National Park. The landforms, and collections of landforms called landscapes, of Santa Rosa Island have been created by tectonic uplift and faulting, rising and falling sea level, landslides, erosion and deposition, floods, and droughts. Landscape features, and areas delineating groups of related features on Santa Rosa Island, are mapped, classified, and described in this paper. Notable landscapes on the island include beaches, coastal plains formed on marine terraces, sand dunes, and sand sheets. In this study, the inland physiography has been classified into 4 areas based on relief and degree of fluvial dissection. Most of the larger streams on the island occupy broad valleys that have been filled with alluvium and later incised to form steep- to vertical-walled arroyos, or barrancas, leaving a relict floodplain above the present channel. A better understanding of the processes and mechanisms that created these landscapes enhances visitors’ enjoyment of their surroundings and contributes to improving land and resource management strategies in order to optimize and balance the multiple goals of conservation, preservation, restoration, and visitor experience.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist","language":"English","publisher":"Brigham Young University Press","usgsCitation":"Schumann, R.R., Minor, S.A., Muhs, D.R., and Pigati, J., 2014, Landscapes of Santa Rosa Island, Channel Islands National Park, California, chap. of Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist, v. 7, no. 1, p. 48-67.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"67","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045455","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311774,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299706,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ojs.lib.byu.edu/spc/index.php/wnanmonos/article/view/34557"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Rosa island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.24673461914062,\n 34.004858205417264\n ],\n [\n -120.14785766601561,\n 34.03217648339047\n ],\n [\n -120.04348754882812,\n 34.04469442222683\n ],\n [\n -119.96932983398438,\n 33.98436372829188\n ],\n [\n -119.95285034179688,\n 33.94222067051576\n ],\n [\n -120.08193969726562,\n 33.89207743274474\n ],\n [\n -120.15472412109375,\n 33.889797493644444\n ],\n [\n -120.22750854492186,\n 33.944499207394635\n ],\n [\n -120.25360107421874,\n 34.00144280255186\n ],\n [\n -120.24673461914062,\n 34.004858205417264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565ed2b9e4b071e7ea54442d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minor, Scott A. 0000-0002-6976-9235 sminor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-9235","contributorId":765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Scott","email":"sminor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":140288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pigati, Jeffery S. jpigati@usgs.gov","contributorId":140289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"Jeffery S.","email":"jpigati@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193626,"text":"70193626 - 2014 - Tsunami-generated sediment wave channels at Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T15:00:59","indexId":"70193626","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tsunami-generated sediment wave channels at Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, USA","docAbstract":"

A gigantic ∼12 km3 landslide detached from the west wall of Lake Tahoe (California-Nevada, USA), and slid 15 km east across the lake. The splash, or tsunami, from this landslide eroded Tioga-age moraines dated as 21 ka. Lake-bottom short piston cores recovered sediment as old as 12 ka that did not reach landslide deposits, thereby constraining the landslide age as 21–12 ka.

Movement of the landslide splashed copious water onto the countryside and lowered the lake level ∼10 m. The sheets of water that washed back into the lake dumped their sediment load at the lowered shoreline, producing deltas that merged into delta terraces. During rapid growth, these unstable delta terraces collapsed, disaggregated, and fed turbidity currents that generated 15 subaqueous sediment wave channel systems that ring the lake and descend to the lake floor at 500 m depth. Sheets of water commonly more than 2 km wide at the shoreline fed these systems. Channels of the systems contain sediment waves (giant ripple marks) with maximum wavelengths of 400 m. The lower depositional aprons of the system are surfaced by sediment waves with maximum wavelengths of 300 m.

A remarkably similar, though smaller, contemporary sediment wave channel system operates at the mouth of the Squamish River in British Columbia. The system is generated by turbidity currents that are fed by repeated growth and collapse of the active river delta. The Tahoe splash-induced backwash was briefly equivalent to more than 15 Squamish Rivers in full flood and would have decimated life in low-lying areas of the Tahoe region.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01025.1","usgsCitation":"Moore, J.G., Schweickert, R.A., and Kitts, C.A., 2014, Tsunami-generated sediment wave channels at Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, USA: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 4, p. 757-768, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01025.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"757","endPage":"768","ipdsId":"IP-053463","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01025.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348118,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.1739501953125,\n 38.92416066460569\n ],\n [\n -119.91577148437499,\n 38.92416066460569\n ],\n [\n -119.91577148437499,\n 39.25671479372372\n ],\n [\n -120.1739501953125,\n 39.25671479372372\n ],\n [\n -120.1739501953125,\n 38.92416066460569\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2eace4b0531197b27fb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schweickert, Richard A.","contributorId":60107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schweickert","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kitts, Christopher A.","contributorId":77345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitts","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148037,"text":"70148037 - 2014 - Arsenic associated with historical gold mining in the Sierra Nevada foothills: Case study and field trip guide for Empire Mine State Historic Park, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T19:36:33","indexId":"70148037","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3281,"text":"Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic associated with historical gold mining in the Sierra Nevada foothills: Case study and field trip guide for Empire Mine State Historic Park, California","docAbstract":"

The Empire Mine, together with other mines in the Grass Valley mining district, produced at least 21.3 million troy ounces (663 tonnes) of gold (Au) during the 1850s through the 1950s, making it the most productive hardrock Au mining district in California history (Clark 1970). The Empire Mine State Historic Park (Empire Mine SHP or EMSHP), established in 1975, provides the public with an opportunity to see many well-preserved features of the historic mining and mineral processing operations (CDPR 2014a).

A legacy of Au mining at Empire Mine and elsewhere is contamination of mine wastes and associated soils, surface waters, and groundwaters with arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and other metals. At EMSHP, As has been the principal contaminant of concern and the focus of extensive remediation efforts over the past several years by the State of California, Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) and Newmont USA, Ltd. In addition, the site is the main focus of a multidisciplinary research project on As bioavailability and bioaccessibility led by the California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) and funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA’s) Brownfields Program.

This chapter was prepared as a guide for a field trip to EMSHP held on June 14, 2014, in conjunction with a short course on “Environmental Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Microbiology of Arsenic” held in Nevada City, California on June 15–16, 2014. This guide contains background information on geological setting, mining history, and environmental history at EMSHP and other historical Au mining districts in the Sierra Nevada, followed by descriptions of the field trip stops.

","language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society of America; Geochemical Society","doi":"10.2138/rmg.2014.79.13","usgsCitation":"Alpers, C.N., Myers, P.A., Millsap, D., and Regnier, T.B., 2014, Arsenic associated with historical gold mining in the Sierra Nevada foothills: Case study and field trip guide for Empire Mine State Historic Park, California: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, v. 79, no. 1, p. 553-587, https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2014.79.13.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"553","endPage":"587","ipdsId":"IP-055866","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"1","publicComments":"This publication is part of a special volume, which presents a comprehensive review of the topics covered at the “Environmental Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Microbiology of Arsenic” short course.","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59181b32e4b044b359e48913","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bowell, Robert J.","contributorId":150175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowell","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17927,"text":"SRK Consulting Ltd.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695071,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695072,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jamieson, Heather E.","contributorId":150176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jamieson","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695073,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":695074,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Majzlan, Juraj","contributorId":127677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Majzlan","given":"Juraj","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7107,"text":"Univ. of Freiburg, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695075,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Myers, Perry A","contributorId":140773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers","given":"Perry","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":13556,"text":"California Dept. of Toxic Substances Control","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Millsap, Daniel","contributorId":140774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millsap","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13557,"text":"Califonia Dept. of Parks and Recreation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Regnier, Tamsen B","contributorId":140775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regnier","given":"Tamsen","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":13558,"text":"Clean Harbors, San Diego, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70145807,"text":"70145807 - 2014 - A comparison of resident fish assemblages in managed and unmanaged coastal wetlands in North Carolina and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-09T12:57:17","indexId":"70145807","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of resident fish assemblages in managed and unmanaged coastal wetlands in North Carolina and South Carolina","docAbstract":"

The dominant fish species within impounded coastal wetlands in the southeastern US may be different from the species that dominate natural marshes. We tested the hypothesis that resident fish assemblages inhabiting impounded coastal wetlands in South Carolina would differ from resident assemblages in natural marshes of the southeastern United States. We used rarefied species richness, Shannon's H' diversity,J' evenness, Morisita's index of similarity, and the percent similarity index to compare resident fish assemblages from two impoundments to 12 open-marsh resident fish assemblages from previously published studies in North and South Carolina. We used rotenone to sample fish assemblages in impoundments. The assemblages in natural marsh habitat had been sampled with rotenone and seines. We classified comparisons yielding a similarity index ≥0.50 as moderately similar and those with an index ≥0.75 as very similar. Fifty-three percent of the among-impoundment comparisons (Morisita's index) were at least moderately similar, whereas 7% of impoundment—natural marsh comparisons were moderately similar. A difference in tidal influence was the only parameter in the best-fitting model describing the observed Morisita's indices. The index of similarity decreased by 63% when tidal influence differed between compared assemblages. Species richness and diversity were greater in impoundments than natural marshes, but evenness was similar between habitat types. Our results support the hypothesis that resident fish assemblages in impounded wetlands and natural marshes are different, and suggest that a degree of tidal influence is the most important factor behind the difference.

","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.013.0207","usgsCitation":"Robinson, K., and Jennings, C.A., 2014, A comparison of resident fish assemblages in managed and unmanaged coastal wetlands in North Carolina and South Carolina: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 13, no. 2, p. 237-260, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.013.0207.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"260","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052529","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299541,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Combahee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.0791015625,\n 31.93351676190369\n ],\n [\n -81.0791015625,\n 32.95336814579932\n ],\n [\n -79.639892578125,\n 32.95336814579932\n ],\n [\n -79.639892578125,\n 31.93351676190369\n ],\n [\n -81.0791015625,\n 31.93351676190369\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5527a2aae4b026915857c847","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Kelly F.","contributorId":140157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Kelly F.","affiliations":[{"id":13267,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":473,"text":"New York Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, Cecil A. 0000-0002-6159-6026 jennings@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-6026","contributorId":874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Cecil","email":"jennings@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70147911,"text":"70147911 - 2014 - Development of a multimetric index for fish assemblages in a cold tailwater in Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-08T11:03:49","indexId":"70147911","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a multimetric index for fish assemblages in a cold tailwater in Tennessee","docAbstract":"

Tailwaters downstream of hypolimnetic-release hydropeaking dams exhibit a unique combination of stressors that affects the structure and function of resident fish assemblages. We developed a statistically and biologically defensible multimetric index of fish assemblages for the Caney Fork River below Center Hill Dam, Tennessee. Fish assemblages were sampled at five sites using boat-mounted and backpack electrofishing gear from fall 2009 through summer 2011. A multivariate statistical approach was used to select metrics that best reflected the downstream gradients in abiotic variables. Five metrics derived from boat electrofishing samples and four metrics derived from backpack electrofishing samples were selected for incorporation into the index based on their high correlation with environmental data. The nine metrics demonstrated predictable patterns of increase or decrease with increasing distance downstream of the dam. The multimetric index generally exhibited a pattern of increasing scores with increasing distance from the dam, indicating a downstream recovery gradient in fish assemblage composition. The index can be used to monitor anticipated changes in the fish communities of the Caney Fork River when repairs to Center Hill Dam are completed later this decade, resulting in altered dam operations.

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