{"pageNumber":"143","pageRowStart":"3550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16458,"records":[{"id":70059286,"text":"ds810 - 2014 - Compilation of hydrologic data for White Sands pupfish habitat and nonhabitat areas, northern Tularosa Basin, White Sands Missile Range and Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, 1911-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-31T14:55:56","indexId":"ds810","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-31T14:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"810","title":"Compilation of hydrologic data for White Sands pupfish habitat and nonhabitat areas, northern Tularosa Basin, White Sands Missile Range and Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, 1911-2008","docAbstract":"<p>The White Sands pupfish (<i>Cyprinodon tularosa</i>), listed as threatened by the State of New Mexico and as a Federal species of concern, is endemic to the Tularosa Basin, New Mexico. Because water quality can affect pupfish and the environmental conditions of their habitat, a comprehensive compilation of hydrologic data for pupfish habitat and nonhabitat areas in the northern Tularosa Basin was undertaken by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with White Sands Missile Range.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The four locations within the Tularosa Basin that are known pupfish habitat areas are the Salt Creek, Malpais Spring and Malpais Salt Marsh, Main Mound Spring, and Lost River habitat areas. Streamflow data from the Salt Creek near Tularosa streamflow-gaging station indicated that the average annual mean streamflow and average annual total streamflow for water years 1995–2008 were 1.35 cubic feet per second (ft<sup>3</sup>/s) and 983 acre-feet, respectively. Periods of no flow were observed in water years 2002 through 2006. Dissolved-solids concentrations in Salt Creek samples collected from 1911 through 2007 ranged from 2,290 to 66,700 milligrams per liter (mg/L).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The average annual mean streamflow and average annual total streamflow at the Malpais Spring near Oscura streamflow-gaging station for water years 2003–8 were 6.81 ft<sup>3</sup>/s and 584 acre-feet, respectively. Dissolved-solids concentrations for 16 Malpais Spring samples ranged from 3,882 to 5,500 mg/L. Isotopic data for a Malpais Spring near Oscura water sample collected in 1982 indicated that the water was more than 27,900 years old.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Streamflow from Main Mound Spring was estimated at 0.007 ft<sup>3</sup>/s in 1955 and 1957 and ranged from 0.02 to 0.07 ft<sup>3</sup>/s from 1996 to 2001. Dissolved-solids concentrations in samples collected between 1955 and 2007 ranged from an estimated 3,760 to 4,240 mg/L in the upper pond and 4,840 to 5,120 mg/L in the lower pond. Isotopic data for a Main Mound Spring water sample collected in 1982 indicated that the water was about 19,600 years old.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Dissolved-solids concentrations of Lost River samples collected from 1984 to 1999 ranged from 8,930 to 118,000 (estimated) mg/L.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Dissolved-solids concentrations in samples from nonhabitat area sites ranged from 1,740 to 54,200 (estimated) mg/L. In general, water collected from pupfish nonhabitat area sites tends to have larger proportions of calcium, magnesium, and sulfate than water from pupfish habitat area sites. Water from springs associated with mounds in pupfish nonhabitat areas was of a similar type (calcium-sulfate) to water associated with mounds in pupfish habitat areas. Alkali Spring had a sodium-chloride water type, but the proportions of sodium-chloride and magnesium-sulfate are unique as compared to samples from other sites.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds810","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with White Sands Missile Range","usgsCitation":"Naus, C., Myers, R.G., Saleh, D., and Myers, N.C., 2014, Compilation of hydrologic data for White Sands pupfish habitat and nonhabitat areas, northern Tularosa Basin, White Sands Missile Range and Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, 1911-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 810, Report: v, 35 p.; 2 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds810.","productDescription":"Report: v, 35 p.; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1911-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-014607","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281855,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/810/"},{"id":281856,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/810/pdf/ds810.pdf"},{"id":281857,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/810/downloads/ds810_appendix1.pdf"},{"id":281866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds810.jpg"},{"id":281858,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/810/downloads/ds810_appendix2.xlsx"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Lost River;Main Mound Spring;Malpais Salt Marsh;Malpais Spring;Salt Creek;Tularosa Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.6056,31.241 ], [ -107.6056,34.289 ], [ -105.3836,34.289 ], [ -105.3836,31.241 ], [ -107.6056,31.241 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd522fe4b0b290850f45e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naus, C.A.","contributorId":47693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naus","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Myers, R. G.","contributorId":30642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saleh, D.K. 0000-0002-1406-9303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-9303","contributorId":82748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saleh","given":"D.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Myers, N. C.","contributorId":13622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189268,"text":"70189268 - 2014 - Understanding uncertainties in future Colorado River streamflow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-07T11:57:09","indexId":"70189268","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding uncertainties in future Colorado River streamflow","docAbstract":"The Colorado River is the primary water source for more than 30 million people in the United States and Mexico. Recent studies that project streamf low changes in the Colorado River all project annual declines, but the magnitude of the projected decreases range from less than 10% to 45% by the mid-twenty-first century. To understand these differences, we address the questions the management community has raised: Why is there such a wide range of projections of impacts of future climate change on Colorado River streamflow, and how should this uncertainty be interpreted? We identify four major sources of disparities among studies that arise from both methodological and model differences. In order of importance, these are differences in 1) the global climate models (GCMs) and emission scenarios used; 2) the ability of land surface and atmospheric models to simulate properly the high-elevation runoff source areas; 3) the sensitivities of land surface hydrology models to precipitation and temperature changes; and 4) the methods used to statistically downscale GCM scenarios. In accounting for these differences, there is substantial evidence across studies that future Colorado River streamflow will be reduced under the current trajectories of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions because of a combination of strong temperature-induced runoff curtailment and reduced annual precipitation. Reconstructions of preinstrumental streamflows provide additional insights; the greatest risk to Colorado River streamf lows is a multidecadal drought, like that observed in paleoreconstructions, exacerbated by a steady reduction in flows due to climate change. This could result in decades of sustained streamflows much lower than have been observed in the ~100 years of instrumental record.","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00228.1","usgsCitation":"Julie A. Vano, Bradley Udall, Cayan, D., Overpeck, J.T., Brekke, L., Das, T., Hartmann, H.C., Hidalgo, H.G., Hoerling, M., McCabe, G., Morino, K., Webb, R.S., Werner, K., and Lettenmaier, D.P., 2014, Understanding uncertainties in future Colorado River streamflow: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 95, no. 1, p. 59-78, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00228.1.","productDescription":"20 p. ","startPage":"59","endPage":"78","ipdsId":"IP-044796","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-12-00228.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River ","volume":"95","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59609db9e4b0d1f9f0594c44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Julie A. Vano","contributorId":194362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Julie A. Vano","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley Udall","contributorId":194360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bradley Udall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cayan, Daniel drcayan@usgs.gov","contributorId":149912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"Daniel","email":"drcayan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Overpeck, Jonathan T","contributorId":194361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overpeck","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brekke, Levi D.","contributorId":35847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brekke","given":"Levi D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Das, Tapash","contributorId":194364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Das","given":"Tapash","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hartmann, Holly C.","contributorId":194365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartmann","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hidalgo, Hugo G.","contributorId":194367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hidalgo","given":"Hugo","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hoerling, Martin P","contributorId":145843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoerling","given":"Martin P","affiliations":[{"id":16257,"text":"NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":1453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory J.","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":703841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Morino, Kiyomi","contributorId":78210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morino","given":"Kiyomi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Webb, Robert S.","contributorId":72894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Werner, Kevin","contributorId":194369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werner","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Lettenmaier, Dennis P.","contributorId":139779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lettenmaier","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70073500,"text":"70073500 - 2014 - Assessing streamflow sensitivity to variations in glacier mass balance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-24T11:29:38","indexId":"70073500","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-30T13:47:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing streamflow sensitivity to variations in glacier mass balance","docAbstract":"The mountains ringing the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) receive upwards of 4–8 m yr<sup>−1</sup> of precipitation (Simpson et al.2005; Weingartner et al. 2005; O’Neel 2012), much of which runs off into productive coastal waters. The alpine landscape is heavily glacierized, and storage and turnover of water by glaciers substantially influences the regional surface water balance (Neal et al. 2010). In turn, the land-to-ocean flux of freshwater impacts the biogeochemistry, physical oceanography, freshwater and marine ecology of the downstream components of the GOA ecosystem (e.g., Royer et al. 2001; Hood and Scott 2008). In this way, the links between terrestrial and ocean ecosystems along the GOA have widespread impacts on regional socioeconomic issues including water and hydropower resources, fish populations, and sea level change (Dorava and Milner 2000; Royer and Grosch 2006; Cherry et al. 2010; Gardner et al. 2013). Moreover, predicting future changes in physical, chemical and biological processes in near-shore ecosystems along the GOA hinges, in part, on developing a robust understanding of water storage and transfer by glaciers through streams to the ocean.\nGlacierized basins (i.e. presently ice covered as opposed to glaciated, or historically ice covered) are very efficient producers of runoff, yielding 2–10 times greater runoff than similarly sized, non-glacierized basins (Mayo 1984). The unique energy balance that characterizes these basins (Jansson et al. 2003; Hock 2005) results in substantial alterations to streamflow, even when fractional ice coverage is very small (Stahl and Moore 2006). Consistent and precise treatment of glacier runoff is key to accurate assessment of hydrologic, ecological and socioeconomic impacts, but previously used definitions for glacier runoff are variable. They include: 1) meltwater produced as negative annual mass balance (e.g., Fountain and Tangborn 1985); 2) storage changes in the monthly water budget, where solid precipitation is balanced by melt and evaporation (Huss 2011, concept #2); 3) meltwater derived from melting ice only (irrespective of melting snow or mass balance) (Nolin et al. 2010; Huss 2011, concept #1); 4) all meltwater derived from the glacier surface (Cogley et al. 2011, meltwater runoff); 5) total runoff from the glacier surface (meltwater runoff plus rain on the glacier) (Neal et al. 2010).\nTotal glacier runoff (Definitions 4 and 5 above) includes a contribution from annual mass balance, i.e. the sum of accumulation and ablation through a mass balance year (Definition 1), or what has historically been referred to as the “net” balance (Cogley et al. 2011). Indeed, annual balance has been shown to be an important driver of streamflow trends in glacierized basins, with periods of persistent negative annual balance resulting in statistically significant increases in streamflow (e.g., Pellicciotti et al. 2010). However, in maritime climates, anomalies in glacier runoff can be disconnected from annual balance because of the high variability in winter precipitation. For example, positive anomalies in winter accumulation can result in elevated levels of glacier runoff in times of positive annual mass balance (Thayyen and Gergan 2010).\nQuantifying the impacts of changing glacier geometries (annual balance) on glacier runoff is essential for predicting future changes in streamflow in glacierized basins. However, determining the role that this component plays in total glacier runoff (Definition 5) requires consistent measurements of seasonal (or shorter period) mass balances, measurements of precipitation at multiple locations within a basin, and streamflow measurements in close proximity to a glacier’s terminus. Practical and logistical challenges associated with assembling such data sets typically preclude such partitioning. As a result, most analyses of the relationship between annual mass balance and streamflow rely on some component of model output to compute glacier runoff (e.g. Huss et al. 2008; Kaser et al. 2010). Ultimately, developing an understanding of how total glacier runoff will change in the future is critical for predicting downstream ecological impacts associated with changes in riverine fluxes of water, sediment, and solutes (e.g., metals and nutrients) to near-shore coastal ecosystems.\nThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate relationships among seasonal and annual glacier mass balances, glacier runoff and streamflow in two glacierized basins in different climate settings. We use long-term glacier mass balance and streamflow datasets from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Alaska Benchmark Glacier Program to compare and contrast glacier-streamflow interactions in a maritime climate (Wolverine Glacier) with those in a continental climate (Gulkana Glacier). Our overall goal is to improve our understanding of how glacier mass balance processes impact streamflow, ultimately improving our conceptual understanding of the future evolution of glacier runoff in continental and maritime climates.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-013-1042-7","usgsCitation":"O’Neel, S., Hood, E., Arendt, A., and Sass, L., 2014, Assessing streamflow sensitivity to variations in glacier mass balance: Climatic Change, v. 123, no. 2, p. 329-341, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-1042-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"341","ipdsId":"IP-049370","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-1042-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281842,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-1042-7"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"123","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517024e4b05569d805a161","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144 soneel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":166740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neel","given":"Shad","email":"soneel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hood, Eran","contributorId":106802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hood","given":"Eran","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arendt, Anthony","contributorId":74661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arendt","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sass, Louis C. 0000-0003-4677-029X lsass@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4677-029X","contributorId":3555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"Louis C.","email":"lsass@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70074652,"text":"70074652 - 2014 - Dynamics of submarine groundwater discharge and associated fluxes of dissolved nutrients, carbon, and trace gases to the coastal zone (Okatee River estuary, South Carolina)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T13:46:11","indexId":"70074652","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-30T08:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamics of submarine groundwater discharge and associated fluxes of dissolved nutrients, carbon, and trace gases to the coastal zone (Okatee River estuary, South Carolina)","docAbstract":"Multiple techniques, including thermal infrared aerial remote sensing, geophysical and geological data, geochemical characterization and radium isotopes, were used to evaluate the role of groundwater as a source of dissolved nutrients, carbon, and trace gases to the Okatee River estuary, South Carolina. Thermal infrared aerial remote sensing surveys illustrated the presence of multiple submarine groundwater discharge sites in Okatee headwaters. Significant relationships were observed between groundwater geochemical constituents and <sup>226</sup>Ra activity in groundwater with higher <sup>226</sup>Ra activity correlated to higher concentrations of organics, dissolved inorganic carbon, nutrients, and trace gases to the Okatee system. A system-level radium mass balance confirmed a substantial submarine groundwater discharge contribution of these constituents to the Okatee River. Diffusive benthic flux measurements and potential denitrification rate assays tracked the fate of constituents in creek bank sediments. Diffusive benthic fluxes were substantially lower than calculated radium-based submarine groundwater discharge inputs, showing that advection of groundwater-derived nutrients dominated fluxes in the system. While a considerable potential for denitrification in tidal creek bank sediments was noted, in situ denitrification rates were nitrate-limited, making intertidal sediments an inefficient nitrogen sink in this system. Groundwater geochemical data indicated significant differences in groundwater chemical composition and radium activity ratios between the eastern and western sides of the river; these likely arose from the distinct hydrological regimes observed in each area. Groundwater from the western side of the Okatee headwaters was characterized by higher concentrations of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, inorganic nutrients and reduced metabolites and trace gases, i.e. methane and nitrous oxide, than groundwater from the eastern side. Differences in microbial sulfate reduction, organic matter supply, and/or groundwater residence time likely contributed to this pattern. The contrasting features of the east and west sub-marsh zones highlight the need for multiple techniques for characterization of submarine groundwater discharge sources and the impact of biogeochemical processes on the delivery of nutrients and carbon to coastal areas via submarine groundwater discharge.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2013.12.030","usgsCitation":"Porubsky, W., Weston, N., Moore, W., Ruppel, C., and Joye, S., 2014, Dynamics of submarine groundwater discharge and associated fluxes of dissolved nutrients, carbon, and trace gases to the coastal zone (Okatee River estuary, South Carolina): Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 131, p. 81-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.12.030.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-051744","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281785,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281783,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.12.030"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Okatee River Estuary","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.95,32.26 ], [ -80.95,32.3 ], [ -80.9,32.3 ], [ -80.9,32.26 ], [ -80.95,32.26 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"131","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517035e4b05569d805a1d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Porubsky, W.P.","contributorId":32000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porubsky","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weston, N.B.","contributorId":33221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weston","given":"N.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, W.S.","contributorId":90875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruppel, C.","contributorId":82050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Joye, S.B.","contributorId":97266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joye","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70059911,"text":"sir20135240 - 2014 - Trends in precipitation, streamflow, reservoir pool elevations, and reservoir releases in Arkansas and selected sites in Louisiana, Missouri, and Oklahoma, 1951–2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-09T16:27:42","indexId":"sir20135240","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-30T07:25:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5240","title":"Trends in precipitation, streamflow, reservoir pool elevations, and reservoir releases in Arkansas and selected sites in Louisiana, Missouri, and Oklahoma, 1951–2011","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) conducted a statistical analysis of trends in precipitation, streamflow, reservoir pool elevations, and reservoir releases in Arkansas and selected sites in Louisiana, Missouri, and Oklahoma for the period 1951–2011. The Mann-Kendall test was used to test for trends in annual and seasonal precipitation, annual and seasonal streamflows of 42 continuous-record USGS streamflow-gaging stations, annual pool elevations and releases from 16 USACE reservoirs, and annual releases from 11 dams on the Arkansas River. A statistically significant (p≤0.10) upward trend was observed in annual precipitation for the State, with a Sen slope of approximately 0.10 inch per year. Autumn and winter were the only seasons that had statistically significant trends in precipitation. Five of six physiographic sections and six of seven 4-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) regions in Arkansas had statistically significant upward trends in autumn precipitation, with Sen slopes of approximately 0.06 to 0.10 inch per year. Sixteen sites had statistically significant upward trends in the annual mean daily streamflow and were located on streams that drained regions with statistically significant upward trends in annual precipitation. Expected annual rates of change corresponding to statistically significant trends in annual mean daily streamflows, which ranged from 0.32 to 0.88 percent, were greater than those corresponding to regions with statistically significant upward trends in annual precipitation, which ranged from 0.19 to 0.28 percent, suggesting that the observed trends in regional annual precipitation do not fully account for the observed trends in annual mean daily streamflows. Trends in annual maximum daily streamflows were similar to trends in the annual mean daily streamflows but were only statistically significant at seven sites. There were more statistically significant trends (28 of 42 sites) in the annual minimum daily streamflows than in the annual means or maximums. Statistically significant trends in the annual minimum daily streamflows were upward at 18 sites and downward at 10 sites. Despite autumn being the only season that had statistically significant upward trends in seasonal precipitation, statistically significant upward trends in seasonal mean streamflows occurred in every season but spring. Trends in the annual mean, maximum, and minimum daily pool elevations of USACE reservoirs were consistent between metrics for reservoirs in the White, Arkansas, and Ouachita River watersheds, while trends varied between metrics at DeQueen Lake, Millwood Lake, and Lake Chicot. Most of the statistically significant trends in pool elevation metrics were upward and gradual—Sen slopes were less than 0.37 foot per year—and were likely the result of changes in reservoir regulation plans. Trends in the annual mean and maximum daily releases from USACE reservoirs were generally upward in all HUC regions. There were few statistically significant trends in the annual mean daily releases because the reservoirs are operated to maintain a regulation stage at a downstream site according to guidelines set forth in the regulation plans of the reservoirs. The annual number of low-flow days was both increasing and decreasing for reservoirs in northern Arkansas and southern Missouri and generally increasing for reservoirs in southern Arkansas.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135240","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission","usgsCitation":"Wagner, D.M., Krieger, J.D., and Merriman, K.R., 2014, Trends in precipitation, streamflow, reservoir pool elevations, and reservoir releases in Arkansas and selected sites in Louisiana, Missouri, and Oklahoma, 1951–2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5240, vi, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135240.","productDescription":"vi, 61 p.","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052791","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281685,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5240/"},{"id":281684,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5240/pdf/sir2013-5240.pdf"},{"id":281686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135240.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas;Louisiana;Missouri;Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -96,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -90,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -90,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -96,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd79a5e4b0b2908510cf57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Daniel M. 0000-0002-0432-450X dwagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0432-450X","contributorId":4531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Daniel","email":"dwagner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krieger, Joshua D.","contributorId":43667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krieger","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merriman, Katherine R. 0000-0002-1303-2410 kmerriman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1303-2410","contributorId":4973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merriman","given":"Katherine","email":"kmerriman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70073962,"text":"sir20135191 - 2014 - Simulated and observed 2010 flood-water elevations in selected river reaches in the Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket River Basins, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-24T16:38:07","indexId":"sir20135191","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-24T16:31:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5191","title":"Simulated and observed 2010 flood-water elevations in selected river reaches in the Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket River Basins, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"<p>Heavy persistent rains from late February through March 2010 caused severe flooding and set, or nearly set, peaks of record for streamflows and water levels at many long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Rhode Island. In response to this flood, hydraulic models were updated for selected reaches covering about 33 river miles in Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket River Basins from the most recent approved Federal Emergency Management Agency flood insurance study (FIS) to simulate water-surface elevations (WSEs) from specified flows and boundary conditions. Reaches modeled include the main stem of the Moshassuck River and its main tributary, the West River, and three tributaries to the West River—Upper Canada Brook, Lincoln Downs Brook, and East Branch West River; and the main stem of the Woonasquatucket River. All the hydraulic models were updated to Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) version 4.1.0 and incorporate new field-survey data at structures, high-resolution land-surface elevation data, and flood flows from a related study.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The models were used to simulate steady-state WSEs at the 1- and 2-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP) flows, which is the estimated AEP of the 2010 flood in the Moshassuck River Basin and the Woonasquatucket River, respectively. The simulated WSEs were compared to the high-water mark (HWM) elevation data obtained in these basins in a related study following the March–April 2010 flood, which included 18 HWMs along the Moshassuck River and 45 HWMs along the Woonasquatucket River. Differences between the 2010 HWMs and the simulated 2- and 1-percent AEP WSEs from the FISs and the updated models developed in this study varied along the reach. Most differences could be attributed to the magnitude of the 2- and 1-percent AEP flows used in the FIS and updated model flows. Overall, the updated model and the FIS WSEs were not appreciably different when compared to the observed 2010 HWMs along the Woonasquatucket and Moshassuck Rivers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135191","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security-Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Zarriello, P.J., Straub, D.E., and Westenbroek, S.M., 2014, Simulated and observed 2010 flood-water elevations in selected river reaches in the Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket River Basins, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5191, Report: v, 35 p.; Tables 3 and 4; Appendix 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135191.","productDescription":"Report: v, 35 p.; Tables 3 and 4; Appendix 1","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042651","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135191.jpg"},{"id":281546,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5191/"},{"id":281547,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5191/pdf/sir2013-5191.pdf"},{"id":281548,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5191/tables/sir2013-5191_Tables3and4.xlsx"},{"id":281549,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5191/appendix/sir2013-5191_Appendix1.xls"}],"projection":"Polyconic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"East Branch West River;Lincoln Downs Brook;Moshassuck River Basin;Upper Canada Brook;West River;Woonasquatucket River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.698837,41.7498 ], [ -71.698837,42.022263 ], [ -71.29921,42.022263 ], [ -71.29921,41.7498 ], [ -71.698837,41.7498 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd72c5e4b0b29085108858","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zarriello, Phillip J. 0000-0001-9598-9904 pzarriel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9598-9904","contributorId":1868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarriello","given":"Phillip","email":"pzarriel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straub, David E. destraub@usgs.gov","contributorId":1908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"David","email":"destraub@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westenbroek, Stephen M. 0000-0002-6284-8643 smwesten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-8643","contributorId":2210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenbroek","given":"Stephen","email":"smwesten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70073955,"text":"sir20135193 - 2014 - Simulated and observed 2010 floodwater elevations in the Pawcatuck and Wood Rivers, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-24T15:16:45","indexId":"sir20135193","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-24T15:08:39","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5193","title":"Simulated and observed 2010 floodwater elevations in the Pawcatuck and Wood Rivers, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Heavy, persistent rains from late February through March 2010 caused severe flooding that set, or nearly set, peaks of record for streamflows and water levels at many long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Rhode Island. In response to this flood, hydraulic models of Pawcatuck River (26.9 miles) and Wood River (11.6 miles) were updated from the most recent approved U.S. Department of Homeland Security-Federal Emergency Management Agency flood insurance study (FIS) to simulate water-surface elevations (WSEs) for specified flows and boundary conditions. The hydraulic models were updated to Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) using steady-state simulations and incorporate new field-survey data at structures, high resolution land-surface elevation data, and updated flood flows from a related study. The models were used to simulate the 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP) flood, which is the AEP determined for the 2010 flood in the Pawcatuck and Wood Rivers. The simulated WSEs were compared to high-water mark (HWM) elevation data obtained in a related study following the March–April 2010 flood, which included 39 HWMs along the Pawcatuck River and 11 HWMs along the Wood River. The 2010 peak flow generally was larger than the 0.2-percent AEP flow, which, in part, resulted in the FIS and updated model WSEs to be lower than the 2010 HWMs. The 2010 HWMs for the Pawcatuck River averaged about 1.6 feet (ft) higher than the 0.2-percent AEP WSEs simulated in the updated model and 2.5 ft higher than the WSEs in the FIS. The 2010 HWMs for the Wood River averaged about 1.3 ft higher than the WSEs simulated in the updated model and 2.5 ft higher than the WSEs in the FIS. The improved agreement of the updated simulated water elevations to observed 2010 HWMs provides a measure of the hydraulic model performance, which indicates the updated models better represent flooding at other AEPs than the existing FIS models.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135193","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security-Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Zarriello, P.J., Straub, D.E., and Smith, T.E., 2014, Simulated and observed 2010 floodwater elevations in the Pawcatuck and Wood Rivers, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5193, Report: v, 24 p.; 1 Excel document; 1 Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135193.","productDescription":"Report: v, 24 p.; 1 Excel document; 1 Appendix","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281527,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5193/pdf/sir2013-5193.pdf"},{"id":281526,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5193/"},{"id":281529,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5193/Tables/sir2013-5193_Tables3and4.xlsx"},{"id":281531,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5193/Appendix/sir2013-5193_Appendix1.xls"},{"id":281532,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135193.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Rhode Island State Plane Projection","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Pawcatuck River;Wood River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72,41.16 ], [ -72,41.75 ], [ -71.3,41.75 ], [ -71.3,41.16 ], [ -72,41.16 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd72c6e4b0b2908510885c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zarriello, Phillip J. 0000-0001-9598-9904 pzarriel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9598-9904","contributorId":1868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarriello","given":"Phillip","email":"pzarriel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straub, David E. destraub@usgs.gov","contributorId":1908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"David","email":"destraub@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Thor E. tesmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":3925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Thor","email":"tesmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70073954,"text":"sir20135192 - 2014 - Simulated and observed 2010 floodwater elevations in selected river reaches in the Pawtuxet River Basin, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-24T15:17:33","indexId":"sir20135192","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-24T15:07:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5192","title":"Simulated and observed 2010 floodwater elevations in selected river reaches in the Pawtuxet River Basin, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Heavy, persistent rains from late February through March 2010 caused severe flooding that set, or nearly set, peaks of record for streamflows and water levels at many long-term streamgages in Rhode Island. In response to this event, hydraulic models were updated for selected reaches covering about 56 river miles in the Pawtuxet River Basin to simulate water-surface elevations (WSEs) at specified flows and boundary conditions. Reaches modeled included the main stem of the Pawtuxet River, the North and South Branches of the Pawtuxet River, Pocasset River, Simmons Brook, Dry Brook, Meshanticut Brook, Furnace Hill Brook, Flat River, Quidneck Brook, and two unnamed tributaries referred to as South Branch Pawtuxet River Tributary A1 and Tributary A2. All the hydraulic models were updated to Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) version 4.1.0 using steady-state simulations. Updates to the models included incorporation of new field-survey data at structures, high resolution land-surface elevation data, and updated flood flows from a related study.\n\nThe models were assessed using high-water marks (HWMs) obtained in a related study following the March– April 2010 flood and the simulated water levels at the 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP), which is the estimated AEP of the 2010 flood in the basin. HWMs were obtained at 110 sites along the main stem of the Pawtuxet River, the North and South Branches of the Pawtuxet River, Pocasset River, Simmons Brook, Furnace Hill Brook, Flat River, and Quidneck Brook. Differences between the 2010 HWM elevations and the simulated 0.2-percent AEP WSEs from flood insurance studies (FISs) and the updated models developed in this study varied with most differences attributed to the magnitude of the 0.2-percent AEP flows. WSEs from the updated models generally are in closer agreement with the observed 2010 HWMs than with the FIS WSEs. The improved agreement of the updated simulated water elevations to observed 2010 HWMs provides a measure of the hydraulic model performance, which indicates the updated models better represent flooding at other AEPs than the existing FIS models.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135192","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security-Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Zarriello, P.J., Olson, S.A., Flynn, R.H., Strauch, K.R., and Murphy, E., 2014, Simulated and observed 2010 floodwater elevations in selected river reaches in the Pawtuxet River Basin, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5192, Report: vii, 49 p.; Tables 3 and 4; Appendix 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135192.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 49 p.; Tables 3 and 4; Appendix 1","numberOfPages":"62","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281528,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5192/"},{"id":281530,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5192/tables/sir2013-5192_tables03-04.xls"},{"id":281534,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5192/appendix/sir2013-5192_apend01.xls"},{"id":281535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135192.jpg"},{"id":281533,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5192/pdf/sir2013-5192.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Polyconic Projection","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Pawtuxent River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.75,41.5 ], [ -71.75,42.0 ], [ -71.25,42.0 ], [ -71.25,41.5 ], [ -71.75,41.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd72c5e4b0b2908510885a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zarriello, Phillip J. 0000-0001-9598-9904 pzarriel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9598-9904","contributorId":1868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarriello","given":"Phillip","email":"pzarriel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olson, Scott A. 0000-0002-1064-2125 solson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-2125","contributorId":2059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Scott","email":"solson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flynn, Robert H. rflynn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Robert","email":"rflynn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Strauch, Kellan R. 0000-0002-7218-2099 kstrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7218-2099","contributorId":1006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strauch","given":"Kellan","email":"kstrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murphy, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":69660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70059787,"text":"sir20135239 - 2014 - Linkage of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool and the Texas Water Availability Model to simulate the effects of brush management on monthly storage of Canyon Lake, south-central Texas, 1995-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T13:15:08","indexId":"sir20135239","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-23T16:05:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5239","title":"Linkage of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool and the Texas Water Availability Model to simulate the effects of brush management on monthly storage of Canyon Lake, south-central Texas, 1995-2010","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board, developed and applied an approach to create a linkage between the published upper Guadalupe River Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) brush-management (ashe juniper [<i>Juniperus ashei</i>]) model and the full authorization version Guadalupe River Water Availability Model (WAM). The SWAT model was published by the USGS, and the Guadalupe River WAM is available from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. The upper Guadalupe River watershed is a substantial component of the Guadalupe River WAM. This report serves in part as documentation of a proof of concept on the feasibility of linking these two water-resources planning models for the purpose of simulating possible increases in water storage in Canyon Lake as a result of different brush-management scenarios.</p>\n<p>The SWAT-WAM linkage for the upper Guadalupe River is documented with a principal objective to evaluate the distributional characteristics of the monthly water storage of Canyon Lake during selected drought conditions. Focus is on the relative evaluation of select scenarios of large-scale or &ldquo;extensive&rdquo; brush management within the upper Guadalupe River watershed. There are six SWAT simulations for the upper Guadalupe River watershed that include a baseline (0-percent management of treatable ashe juniper, the baseline scenario from a previous study in which no percentage of ashe juniper is numerically replaced with grassland) along with five scenarios (extensions of SWAT simulations from a previous study) of 20-, 40-, 60-, 80-, and 100-percent random (numerical) replacement of treatable ashe juniper with grasslands throughout the upper Guadalupe River watershed in south-central Texas.</p>\n<p>SWAT is a process-based, semidistributed, water-balance model designed to predict the effects of landscape management decisions on water yields. A watershed is subdivided into subbasins, and each subbasin is associated with a single reach on the stream network. In general a WAM, such as the Guadalupe River WAM, provides analysis of generalized water rights in a river and reservoir framework. A WAM accommodates hydrology and water usage through several input files containing water rights, watershed parameters, and naturalized streamflow time series. A WAM is generalized for application to rivers and reservoir systems, and input datasets are uniquely developed for a river basin of concern.</p>\n<p>The extractions of SWAT output for the five extensive brush-management and baseline scenarios were offset by &ndash;21 years and, in general, the results were then mapped to the WAM input-flow file. The offset of &ndash;21 years was chosen arbitrarily for technical reasons and means that the period of monthly record 1995&ndash;2010 of the upper Guadalupe River SWAT became the synthetic period of monthly record 1974&ndash;89, hereinafter 1974&ndash;89 (synthetic) period, of the Guadalupe River WAM.</p>\n<p>The relative (between scenario to baseline) effects of extensive brush-management scenarios by using the SWAT-WAM linkage were evaluated, and two critical intermediate results were total inflow to Canyon Lake from 1995 to 2010 and the monthly storage of Canyon Lake from 1974 to 1989 (synthetic). The first quartile or lower 25th percentile of monthly storage of Canyon Lake for the baseline scenario is 381,000 acre-feet (acre-ft) for the hereinafter 1974&ndash;89 (synthetic) period. This lower quartile was chosen for analysis for two critical purposes. First, Canyon Lake is managed with a conservation pool of about 386,200 acre-ft capacity (as recognized by the WAM) and is at or near conservation capacity about 50 percent or more of the time; further, there is intrinsic data censoring that occurs for the monthly storage distribution because Canyon Lake is at or near conservation pool elevation the majority of the time. This intrinsic censoring has the effect of creating a bounded distribution with a left or low-volume tail. Statistical assessment of the brush-management scenarios beginning with the 381,000 acre-ft censoring threshold provides readily interpretable results. Second, the quantification of brush management during periods lacking abundant rainfall, which were defined in this study as months for which Canyon Lake storage was below the 25th percentile for the simulation period, are of substantial interest to water-resource managers and stakeholders in the context of water-supply enhancement.</p>\n<p>A statistical assessment of the SWAT-WAM linkage for the low-volume tail of the distribution of monthly storage of Canyon Lake is the focus of analysis and interpretation. Drought periods for the analysis are defined as the months (consecutive or not) during which Canyon Lake is below the 25th percentile of storage (381,000 acre-ft) for the baseline scenario. Such months are referred to as being within the &ldquo;Drought Quartile.&rdquo; The Drought Quartile is a conceptual and heuristically determined waypoint for the analysis and is not related to any administrative definition of drought by stakeholders or policy makers.</p>\n<p>The five scenarios and the baseline scenario simulated in the upper Guadalupe River SWAT were all passed through the Guadalupe River WAM by the SWAT-WAM linkage described in this report. A comparison of the mean increase per month in reservoir storage for Canyon Lake conditioned for the Drought Quartile was made. For each of the five brush-management and baseline scenarios, the months with storage below 381,000 acre-ft were extracted. The mean monthly storages during the Drought Quartile were computed for each of the five scenarios and the baseline scenario. The mean of the baseline scenario was 376,458 acre-ft and subsequently was subtracted from the mean monthly storage during the Drought Quartile for each of the five scenarios.</p>\n<p>The mean monthly offset storages of Canyon Lake during the Drought Quartile were 110 acre-ft (20 percent); 448 acre-ft (40 percent); 754 acre-ft (60 percent); 1,080 acre-ft (80 percent); and 1,090 acre-ft (100 percent). A particular mean was interpreted as follows: the value of 754 acre-ft for the 60-percent brush-management scenario implies that, on average, this scenario indicates an additional 754 acre-ft per month of storage in Canyon Lake relative to the baseline during the Drought Quartile. All of the five scenarios resulted in an increase on average to water supply relative to the baseline scenario during the Drought Quartile through the SWAT-WAM linkage.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135239","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., and Bumgarner, J.R., 2014, Linkage of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool and the Texas Water Availability Model to simulate the effects of brush management on monthly storage of Canyon Lake, south-central Texas, 1995-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5239, Report: v, 25 p.; Appendixes 1-3, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135239.","productDescription":"Report: v, 25 p.; Appendixes 1-3","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1995-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-052867","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281446,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135239.jpg"},{"id":281444,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5239/"},{"id":281445,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5239/pdf/sir2013-5239.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Canyon Lake, Guadalupe River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.0635,28.118 ], [ -100.0635,31.0012 ], [ -95.614,31.0012 ], [ -95.614,28.118 ], [ -100.0635,28.118 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd64b3e4b0b290850ff9ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bumgarner, Johnathan R. jbumgarner@usgs.gov","contributorId":5378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bumgarner","given":"Johnathan","email":"jbumgarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70058469,"text":"ofr20131283 - 2014 - Hydrologic monitoring of a landslide-prone hillslope in the Elliott State Forest, Southern Coast Range, Oregon, 2009-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-23T08:58:11","indexId":"ofr20131283","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-22T14:47:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1283","title":"Hydrologic monitoring of a landslide-prone hillslope in the Elliott State Forest, Southern Coast Range, Oregon, 2009-2012","docAbstract":"The Oregon Coast Range is dissected by numerous unchanneled headwater basins, which can \ngenerate shallow landslides and debris flows during heavy or prolonged rainfall. An automated \nmonitoring system was installed in an unchanneled headwater basin to measure rainfall, volumetric \nwater content, groundwater temperature, and pore pressures at 15-minute intervals. The purpose of this \nreport is to describe and present the methods used for the monitoring as well as the preliminary data \ncollected during the period from 2009 to 2012. Observations show a pronounced seasonal variation in \nvolumetric water content and pore pressures. Increases in pore pressures and volumetric water content \nfrom dry-season values begin with the onset of the rainy season in the fall (typically early to mid \nOctober). High water contents and pore pressures tend to persist throughout the rainy season, which \ntypically ends in May. Heavy or prolonged rainfall during the wet season that falls on already moist \nsoils often generates positive pore pressures that are observed in the deeper instruments. These data \nprovide a record of the basin’s hydrologic response to rainfall and provide a foundation for \nunderstanding the conditions that lead to landslide and debris-flow occurrence.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131283","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Oregon Department of Forestry, Elliott State Forest; Oregon  Department of Geology and Mineral Industries; and Colorado School of Mines","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.B., Godt, J.W., Baum, R.L., Coe, J.A., Burns, W.J., Morse, M., Sener-Kaya, B., and Kaya, M., 2014, Hydrologic monitoring of a landslide-prone hillslope in the Elliott State Forest, Southern Coast Range, Oregon, 2009-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1283, v, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131283.","productDescription":"v, 61 p.","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049379","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131283.jpg"},{"id":281395,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1283/pdf/of13-1283.pdf"},{"id":281396,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1283/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Elliott State Forest;Southern Coast Range","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.3079,42.1982 ], [ -124.3079,43.7067 ], [ -123.4657,43.7067 ], [ -123.4657,42.1982 ], [ -124.3079,42.1982 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6191e4b0b290850fd9b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Joel B. 0000-0001-7219-7875 jbsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-7875","contributorId":4925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joel","email":"jbsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burns, William J.","contributorId":50078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morse, Michael M.","contributorId":11115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morse","given":"Michael M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sener-Kaya, Basak","contributorId":84267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sener-Kaya","given":"Basak","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kaya, Murat","contributorId":103576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaya","given":"Murat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70046522,"text":"70046522 - 2014 - An enhanced archive facilitating climate impacts analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-23T15:09:01","indexId":"70046522","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-22T13:23:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An enhanced archive facilitating climate impacts analysis","docAbstract":"We describe the expansion of a publicly available archive of downscaled climate and hydrology projections for the United States. Those studying or planning to adapt to future climate impacts demand downscaled climate model output for local or regional use. The archive we describe attempts to fulfill this need by providing data in several formats, selectable to meet user needs. Our archive has served as a resource for climate impacts modelers, water managers, educators, and others. Over 1,400 individuals have transferred more than 50 TB of data from the archive. In response to user demands, the archive has expanded from monthly downscaled data to include daily data to facilitate investigations of phenomena sensitive to daily to monthly temperature and precipitation, including extremes in these quantities. New developments include downscaled output from the new Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) climate model simulations at both the monthly and daily time scales, as well as simulations of surface hydrologi- cal variables. The web interface allows the extraction of individual projections or ensemble statistics for user-defined regions, promoting the rapid assessment of model consensus and uncertainty for future projections of precipitation, temperature, and hydrology. The archive is accessible online (http://gdo-dcp.ucllnl.org/downscaled_ cmip_projections).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00126.1","usgsCitation":"Maurer, E., Brekke, L., Pruitt, T., Thrasher, B., Long, J., Duffy, P., Dettinger, M., Cayan, D., and Arnold, J., 2014, An enhanced archive facilitating climate impacts analysis: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 95, no. 7, p. 1011-1019, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00126.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1011","endPage":"1019","ipdsId":"IP-046357","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-13-00126.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294379,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294378,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00126.1"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"95","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb13e4b08312ac7ceef3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maurer, E.P.","contributorId":30338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brekke, L.","contributorId":65778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brekke","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pruitt, T.","contributorId":60876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pruitt","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thrasher, B.","contributorId":88665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thrasher","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Long, J.","contributorId":41993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Duffy, P.","contributorId":40435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duffy","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dettinger, M. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":78909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cayan, D.","contributorId":49563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Arnold, J.","contributorId":76669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70048326,"text":"70048326 - 2014 - Transgenic zebrafish reveal tissue-specific differences in estrogen signaling in response to environmental water samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:56:56","indexId":"70048326","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-16T10:17:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transgenic zebrafish reveal tissue-specific differences in estrogen signaling in response to environmental water samples","docAbstract":"Background: Environmental endocrine disruptors (EED) are exogenous chemicals that mimic endogenous hormones, such as estrogens. Previous studies using a zebrafish transgenic reporter demonstrated that the EEDs bisphenol A and genistein preferentially activate estrogen receptors (ER) in the larval heart compared to the liver. However, it was not known whether the transgenic zebrafish reporter was sensitive enough to detect estrogens from environmental samples, whether environmental estrogens would exhibit similar tissue-specific effects as BPA and genistein or why some compounds preferentially target receptors in the heart.\n\nMethods: We tested surface water samples using a transgenic zebrafish reporter with tandem estrogen response elements driving green fluorescent protein expression (5xERE:GFP). Reporter activation was colocalized with tissue-specific expression of estrogen receptor genes by RNA in situ hybridization.\n\nResults: Selective patterns of ER activation were observed in transgenic fish exposed to river water samples from the Mid-Atlantic United States, with several samples preferentially activating receptors in embryonic and larval heart valves. We discovered that tissue-specificity in ER activation is due to differences in the expression of estrogen receptor subtypes. ERα is expressed in developing heart valves but not in the liver, whereas ERβ2 has the opposite profile. Accordingly, subtype-specific ER agonists activate the reporter in either the heart valves or the liver.\n\nConclusion: The use of 5xERE:GFP transgenic zebrafish has revealed an unexpected tissue-specific difference in the response to environmentally relevant estrogenic compounds. Exposure to estrogenic EEDs in utero is associated with adverse health effects, with the potentially unanticipated consequence of targeting developing heart valves.","language":"English","publisher":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi":"10.1289/ehp.1307329","usgsCitation":"Gorelick, D.A., Iwanowicz, L., Hung, A.L., Blazer, V., and Halpern, M.E., 2014, Transgenic zebrafish reveal tissue-specific differences in estrogen signaling in response to environmental water samples: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 122, no. 4, p. 356-362, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307329.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"356","endPage":"362","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049283","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307329","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281149,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307329"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey;Pennsylvania;Virginia;West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.6517,36.7872 ], [ -80.6517,41.6321 ], [ -74.261,41.6321 ], [ -74.261,36.7872 ], [ -80.6517,36.7872 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"122","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d900cde4b08fdd5281486d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gorelick, Daniel A.","contributorId":34044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R.","contributorId":11902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hung, Alice L.","contributorId":56554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hung","given":"Alice","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Halpern, Marnie E.","contributorId":86688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halpern","given":"Marnie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70060093,"text":"ofr20141001 - 2014 - Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Springs Fire, Ventura County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-15T16:26:17","indexId":"ofr20141001","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-15T16:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1001","title":"Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Springs Fire, Ventura County, California","docAbstract":"Wildfire can significantly alter the hydrologic response of a watershed to the extent that even modest rainstorms can produce dangerous flash floods and debris flows. In this report, empirical models are used to predict the probability and magnitude of debris-flow occurrence in response to a 10-year rainstorm for the 2013 Springs fire in Ventura County, California. Overall, the models predict a relatively high probability (60–80 percent) of debris flow for 9 of the 99 drainage basins in the burn area in response to a 10-year recurrence interval design storm. Predictions of debris-flow volume suggest that debris flows may entrain a significant volume of material, with 28 of the 99 basins identified as having potential debris-flow volumes greater than 10,000 cubic meters. These results of the relative combined hazard analysis suggest there is a moderate likelihood of significant debris-flow hazard within and downstream of the burn area for nearby populations, infrastructure, wildlife, and water resources. Given these findings, we recommend that residents, emergency managers, and public works departments pay close attention to weather forecasts and National Weather Service-issued Debris Flow and Flash Flood Outlooks, Watches, and Warnings, and that residents adhere to any evacuation orders.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141001","usgsCitation":"Staley, D.M., 2014, Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Springs Fire, Ventura County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1001, Report: iv, 10 p.; 3 Plates: 48 x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141001.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 10 p.; 3 Plates: 48 x 36 inches","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052864","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141001.jpg"},{"id":281127,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/"},{"id":281129,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/pdf/of2014-1001.pdf"},{"id":281130,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/pdf/Plate1_ProbabilityMap.pdf"},{"id":281131,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/pdf/Plate2_VolumeMap.pdf"},{"id":281132,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1001/pdf/Plate3_CombinedMap.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Ventura County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.227066,33.997458 ], [ -119.227066,34.27651 ], [ -118.767014,34.27651 ], [ -118.767014,33.997458 ], [ -119.227066,33.997458 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d7ade1e4b0f10664b99dc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70071871,"text":"70071871 - 2014 - Regression models of discharge and mean velocity associated with near-median streamflow conditions in Texas: utility of the U.S. Geological Survey discharge measurement database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T14:16:00","indexId":"70071871","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-14T14:04:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2341,"text":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regression models of discharge and mean velocity associated with near-median streamflow conditions in Texas: utility of the U.S. Geological Survey discharge measurement database","docAbstract":"A database containing more than 16,300 discharge values and ancillary hydraulic attributes was assembled from summaries of discharge measurement records for 391 USGS streamflow-gauging stations (streamgauges) in Texas. Each discharge is between the 40th- and 60th-percentile daily mean streamflow as determined by period-of-record, streamgauge-specific, flow-duration curves. Each discharge therefore is assumed to represent a discharge measurement made for near-median streamflow conditions, and such conditions are conceptualized as representative of midrange to baseflow conditions in much of the state. The hydraulic attributes of each discharge measurement included concomitant cross-section flow area, water-surface top width, and reported mean velocity. Two regression equations are presented: (1) an expression for discharge and (2) an expression for mean velocity, both as functions of selected hydraulic attributes and watershed characteristics. Specifically, the discharge equation uses cross-sectional area, water-surface top width, contributing drainage area of the watershed, and mean annual precipitation of the location; the equation has an adjusted R-squared of approximately 0.95 and residual standard error of approximately 0.23 base-10 logarithm (cubic meters per second). The mean velocity equation uses discharge, water-surface top width, contributing drainage area, and mean annual precipitation; the equation has an adjusted R-squared of approximately 0.50 and residual standard error of approximately 0.087 third root (meters per second). Residual plots from both equations indicate that reliable estimates of discharge and mean velocity at ungauged stream sites are possible. Further, the relation between contributing drainage area and main-channel slope (a measure of whole-watershed slope) is depicted to aid analyst judgment of equation applicability for ungauged sites. Example applications and computations are provided and discussed within a real-world, discharge-measurement scenario, and an illustration of the development of a preliminary stage-discharge relation using the discharge equation is given.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000715","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., 2014, Regression models of discharge and mean velocity associated with near-median streamflow conditions in Texas: utility of the U.S. Geological Survey discharge measurement database: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, v. 19, no. 1, p. 108-122, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000715.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"122","ipdsId":"IP-040546","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281034,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000715"},{"id":281035,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29HE.1943-5584.0000715"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.69,28.17 ], [ -102.69,36.50 ], [ -93.52,36.50 ], [ -93.52,28.17 ], [ -102.69,28.17 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d65d7ae4b0b566e996b35f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70049003,"text":"sim3274 - 2014 - Flood-inundation maps for the East Fork White River near Bedford, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T17:49:16","indexId":"sim3274","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-13T17:05:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3274","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the East Fork White River near Bedford, Indiana","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for an 1.8-mile reach of the East Fork White River near Bedford, Indiana (Ind.) were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Transportation. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/ depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selectedwater levels (stages) at USGS streamgage 03371500, East Fork White River near Bedford, Ind. Current conditions for estimating near-real-time areas of inundation using USGS streamgage information may be obtained on the Internet at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/in/nwis/uv?site_no=03371500. In addition, information has been provided to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into their Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system (http://water.weather.gov/ahps/). The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that are often colocated with USGS streamgages, including the East Fork White River near Bedford, Ind. NWS-forecasted peak-stage information may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation.\n\nFor this study, flood profiles were computed for the East Fork White River reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using the most current stage-discharge relations at USGS streamgage 03371500, East Fork White River near Bedford, Ind., and documented high-water marks from the flood of June 2008. The calibrated hydraulic model was then used to determine 20 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from bankfull to the highest stage of the current stage-discharge rating curve. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system (GIS) digital elevation model (DEM, derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data having a 0.593-foot vertical accuracy) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level.\n\nThe availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage near Bedford, Ind., and forecasted stream stages from the NWS, provides emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for postflood recovery eforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3274","issn":"2329-132X","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Fowler, K.K., 2014, Flood-inundation maps for the East Fork White River near Bedford, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3274, Report: v, 8 p.; 20 Map Sheets; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3274.","productDescription":"Report: v, 8 p.; 20 Map Sheets; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045036","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280947,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3274.jpg"},{"id":280944,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3274/pdf/mapsheets/"},{"id":280945,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3274/images/mapsheets_jpg/"},{"id":280946,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3274/Downloads"},{"id":280942,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3274/"},{"id":280943,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3274/pdf/sim3274.pdf"}],"datum":"North American Vertical Datum 1988","country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Bedford","otherGeospatial":"East Fork White River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.533333,38.75 ], [ -86.533333,38.85 ], [ -86.383333,38.85 ], [ -86.383333,38.75 ], [ -86.533333,38.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d50bcae4b0f19e63d9b376","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fowler, Kathleen K. 0000-0002-0107-3848 kkfowler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-3848","contributorId":2439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fowler","given":"Kathleen","email":"kkfowler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70060020,"text":"ds815 - 2014 - Physiographic and land cover attributes of the Puget Lowland and the active streamflow gaging network, Puget Sound Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T16:57:35","indexId":"ds815","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-13T16:47:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"815","title":"Physiographic and land cover attributes of the Puget Lowland and the active streamflow gaging network, Puget Sound Basin","docAbstract":"Geospatial information for the active streamflow gaging network in the Puget Sound Basin was compiled to support regional monitoring of stormwater effects to small streams. The compilation includes drainage area boundaries and physiographic and land use attributes that affect hydrologic processes. Three types of boundaries were used to tabulate attributes: Puget Sound Watershed Characterization analysis units (AU); the drainage area of active streamflow gages; and the catchments of Regional Stream Monitoring Program (RSMP) sites. The active streamflow gaging network generally includes sites that represent the ranges of attributes for lowland AUs, although there are few sites with low elevations (less than 60 meters), low precipitation (less than 1 meter year), or high stream density (greater than 5 kilometers per square kilometers). The active streamflow gaging network can serve to provide streamflow information in some AUs and RSMP sites, particularly where the streamflow gage measures streamflow generated from a part of the AU or that drains to the RSMP site, and that part of the AU or RSMP site is a significant fraction of the drainage area of the streamgage. The maximum fraction of each AU or RSMP catchment upstream of a streamflow gage and the maximum fraction of any one gaged basin in an AU or RSMP along with corresponding codes are provided in the attribute tables.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds815","issn":"2327-638X","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Association of Washington Cities and the Washington Department of Ecology","usgsCitation":"Konrad, C., and Sevier, M., 2014, Physiographic and land cover attributes of the Puget Lowland and the active streamflow gaging network, Puget Sound Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 815, Report: HTML document; Conversion factors; 7 Tables; ArcGIS files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds815.","productDescription":"Report: HTML document; Conversion factors; 7 Tables; ArcGIS files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050811","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds815.png"},{"id":280931,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/index.html"},{"id":280930,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/"},{"id":280932,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/ds815_table1.html"},{"id":280933,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/conversions.html"},{"id":280934,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/downloads/ds815_table2.csv"},{"id":280935,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/downloads/ds815_table3.csv"},{"id":280936,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/downloads/ds815_table4.csv"},{"id":280937,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/ds815_table5.html"},{"id":280938,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/ds815_table6.html"},{"id":280939,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/ds815_table7.html"},{"id":280940,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/815/downloads/ActiveGageAreas.zip"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.7449,46.3565 ], [ -124.7449,48.4526 ], [ -121.2684,48.4526 ], [ -121.2684,46.3565 ], [ -124.7449,46.3565 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d50bcde4b0f19e63d9b37a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konrad, Christopher","contributorId":72703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sevier, Maria","contributorId":87450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sevier","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70068733,"text":"70068733 - 2014 - Residence time control on hot moments of net nitrate production and uptake in the hyporheic zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-29T14:13:08","indexId":"70068733","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-13T10:39:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residence time control on hot moments of net nitrate production and uptake in the hyporheic zone","docAbstract":"The retention capacity for biologically available nitrogen within streams can be influenced by dynamic hyporheic zone exchange, a process that may act as either a net source or net sink of dissolved nitrogen. Over 5 weeks, nine vertical profiles of streambed chemistry (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) were collected above two beaver dams along with continuous high-resolution vertical hyporheic flux data. The results indicate a non-linear relation of net NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> production followed by net uptake in the hyporheic zone as a function of residence time. This Lagrangian-based relation is consistent through time and across varied morphology (bars, pools, glides) above the dams, even though biogeochemical and environmental factors varied. The empirical continuum between net NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>\n production and uptake and residence time is useful for identifying two crucial residence time thresholds: the transition to anaerobic respiration, which corresponds to the time of peak net nitrate production, and the net sink threshold, which is defined by a net uptake in NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>  relative to streamwater. Short-term hyporheic residence time variability at specific locations creates hot\nmoments of net production and uptake, enhancing NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>  production as residence times approach the anaerobic threshold, and changing zones of net NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> production to uptake as residence times increase past the net sink threshold. The anaerobic and net sink thresholds for beaver-influenced streambed morphology occur at much shorter residence times (1.3 h and 2.3 h, respectively) compared to other documented hyporheic systems, and the net sink threshold compares favorably to the lower boundary of the anaerobic threshold determined for this system with the new oxygen Damkohler number. The consistency of the residence time threshold values of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> cycling in this study, despite environmental variability and disparate morphology, indicates that NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> hot moment dynamics are primarily driven by changes in physical hydrology and associated residence times.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.9921","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M., Lautz, L.K., and Hare, D.K., 2014, Residence time control on hot moments of net nitrate production and uptake in the hyporheic zone: Hydrological Processes, v. 28, no. 11, p. 3741-3751, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9921.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"3741","endPage":"3751","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-043725","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280854,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280853,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9921"}],"volume":"28","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52d50bcee4b0f19e63d9b385","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin A.","contributorId":10321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lautz, Laura K.","contributorId":38890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lautz","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hare, Danielle K.","contributorId":76222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70126514,"text":"70126514 - 2014 - Use of natural and applied tracers to guide targeted remediation efforts in an acid mine drainage system, Colorado Rockies, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:53:37","indexId":"70126514","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T16:53:29","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3709,"text":"Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of natural and applied tracers to guide targeted remediation efforts in an acid mine drainage system, Colorado Rockies, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stream water quality in areas of the western United States continues to be degraded by acid mine drainage (AMD), a legacy of hard-rock mining. The Rico-Argentine Mine in southwestern Colorado consists of complex multiple-level mine workings connected to a drainage tunnel discharging AMD to passive treatment ponds that discharge to the Dolores River. The mine workings are excavated into the hillslope on either side of a tributary stream with workings passing directly under the stream channel. There is a need to define hydrologic connections between surface water, groundwater, and mine workings to understand the source of both water and contaminants in the drainage tunnel discharge. Source identification will allow targeted remediation strategies to be developed. To identify hydrologic connections we employed a combination of natural and applied tracers including isotopes, ionic tracers, and fluorescent dyes. Stable water isotopes (δ</span><sup>18</sup><span>O/δD) show a well-mixed hydrological system, while tritium levels in mine waters indicate a fast flow-through system with mean residence times of years not decades or longer. Addition of multiple independent tracers indicated that water is traveling through mine workings with minimal obstructions. The results from a simultaneous salt and dye tracer application demonstrated that both tracer types can be successfully used in acidic mine water conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w6040745","usgsCitation":"Cowie, R., Williams, M.W., Wireman, M., and Runkel, R.L., 2014, Use of natural and applied tracers to guide targeted remediation efforts in an acid mine drainage system, Colorado Rockies, USA: Water, v. 6, no. 4, p. 745-777, https://doi.org/10.3390/w6040745.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"745","endPage":"777","ipdsId":"IP-053038","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w6040745","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":357453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294374,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w6040745"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb3ae4b08312ac7cf11d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cowie, Rory","contributorId":93841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowie","given":"Rory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Mark W.","contributorId":43046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wireman, Mike","contributorId":71110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wireman","given":"Mike","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70059646,"text":"70059646 - 2014 - “Our vanishing glaciers”: One hundred years of glacier retreat in Three Sisters Area, Oregon Cascade Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-25T09:21:19","indexId":"70059646","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T16:44:42","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2957,"text":"Oregon Historical Society Quarterly","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"“Our vanishing glaciers”: One hundred years of glacier retreat in Three Sisters Area, Oregon Cascade Range","docAbstract":"In August 1910, thirty-nine members of the Mazamas Mountaineering Club ascended the peaks of the Three Sisters in central Oregon. While climbing, geologist Ira A. Williams photographed the surrounding scenery, including images of Collier Glacier. One hundred years later, U.S. Geological Survey research hydrologist Jim E. O’Connor matched those documented photographs with present day images — the result of which is a stunning lapse of glacial change in the Three Sister region. O’Connor asserts that “glaciers exist by the grace of climate,” and through a close examination of the history of the region’s glaciers, he provides an intriguing glimpse into the history of geological surveys and glacial studies in the Pacific Northwest, including their connection to significant scientific advances of the nineteenth century. The work of scientists and mountaineers who have monitored and recorded glacier changes for over a century allows us to see dramatic changes in a landscape that is especially sensitive to ongoing climate change.","language":"English","publisher":"Oregon Historical Society","doi":"10.5403/oregonhistq.114.4.0402","usgsCitation":"O’Connor, J.E., 2014, “Our vanishing glaciers”: One hundred years of glacier retreat in Three Sisters Area, Oregon Cascade Range: Oregon Historical Society Quarterly, v. 114, no. 4, p. 402-427, https://doi.org/10.5403/oregonhistq.114.4.0402.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"402","endPage":"427","ipdsId":"IP-049876","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Oregon Cascade Range, Three Sisters Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.21,39.61 ], [ -123.21,50.7 ], [ -119.31,50.7 ], [ -119.31,39.61 ], [ -123.21,39.61 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"114","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7e1be4b0b2908510fcca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Connor, James E. oconnor@usgs.gov","contributorId":75443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connor","given":"James","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70100634,"text":"70100634 - 2014 - Uncertainty and extreme events in future climate and hydrologic projections for the Pacific Northwest: providing a basis for vulnerability and core/corridor assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T10:52:40","indexId":"70100634","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T15:17:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"Uncertainty and extreme events in future climate and hydrologic projections for the Pacific Northwest: providing a basis for vulnerability and core/corridor assessments","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of this project was to (1) provide an internally-consistent set of downscaled projections across the Western U.S., (2) include information about projection uncertainty, and (3) assess projected changes of hydrologic extremes. These objectives were designed to address decision support needs for climate adaptation and resource management actions. Specifically, understanding of uncertainty in climate projections – in particular for extreme events – is currently a key scientific and management barrier to adaptation planning and vulnerability assessment.</p><p>The new dataset fills in the Northwest domain to cover a key gap in the previous dataset, adds additional projections (both from other global climate models and a comparison with dynamical downscaling) and includes an assessment of changes to flow and soil moisture extremes. This new information can be used to assess variations in impacts across the landscape, uncertainty in projections, and how these differ as a function of region, variable, and time period.</p><p>In this project, existing University of Washington Climate Impacts Group (UW CIG) products were extended to develop a comprehensive data archive that accounts (in a reigorous and physically based way) for climate model uncertainty in future climate and hydrologic scenarios. These products can be used to determine likely impacts on vegetation and aquatic habitat in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) region, including WA, OR, ID, northwest MT to the continental divide, northern CA, NV, UT, and the Columbia Basin portion of western WY New data series and summaries produced for this project include: 1) extreme statistics for surface hydrology (e.g. frequency of soil moisture and summer water deficit) and streamflow (e.g. the 100-year flood, extreme 7-day low flows with a 10-year recurrence interval); 2) snowpack vulnerability as indicated by the ratio of April 1 snow water to cool-season precipitation; and, 3) uncertainty analyses for multiple climate scenarios.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Climate Impacts Group","publisherLocation":"Seattle, WA","usgsCitation":"Littell, J.S., Mauger, G., Salathe, E.P., Hamlet, A.F., Lee, S., Stumbaugh, M.R., Elsner, M., Norheim, R., Lutz, E.R., and Mantua, N.J., 2014, Uncertainty and extreme events in future climate and hydrologic projections for the Pacific Northwest: providing a basis for vulnerability and core/corridor assessments, 19 p.","productDescription":"19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-054776","costCenters":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287630,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cses.washington.edu/db/pubs/abstract825.shtml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.79,31.27 ], [ -124.79,49.0 ], [ -104.08,49.0 ], [ -104.08,31.27 ], [ -124.79,31.27 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b405e4b09e18fc023ac5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Littell, Jeremy S.","contributorId":54506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Littell","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mauger, Guillaume S.","contributorId":11954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mauger","given":"Guillaume S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salathe, Eric P.","contributorId":85887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salathe","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamlet, Alan F.","contributorId":15529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlet","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lee, Se-Yeun","contributorId":76657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Se-Yeun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stumbaugh, Matt R.","contributorId":17916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumbaugh","given":"Matt","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elsner, Marketa","contributorId":55344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elsner","given":"Marketa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Norheim, Robert","contributorId":75446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norheim","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lutz, Eric R.","contributorId":57775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutz","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mantua, Nathan J.","contributorId":83429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mantua","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70048568,"text":"70048568 - 2014 - Processes of zinc attenuation by biogenic manganese oxides forming in the hyporheic zone of Pinal Creek, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:13:55","indexId":"70048568","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T14:34:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processes of zinc attenuation by biogenic manganese oxides forming in the hyporheic zone of Pinal Creek, Arizona","docAbstract":"The distribution and speciation of Zn sorbed to biogenic Mn oxides forming in the hyporheic zone of Pinal Creek, AZ, was investigated using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and microfocused synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (μSXRF) mapping, and chemical extraction. μSXRF and chemical extractions show that contaminant Zn co-varied with Mn in streambed sediment grain coatings. Bulk and microfocused EXAFS spectra of Zn in the biogenic Mn oxide coating are indicative of Zn forming triple-corner-sharing inner-sphere complexes over octahedral vacancies in the Mn oxide sheet structure. Zn desorbed in response to the decrease in pH in batch experiments and resulted in near-equal dissolved Zn at each pH over a 10-fold range in the solid/solution ratio. The geometry of sorbed Zn was unchanged after 50% desorption at pH 5, indicating that desorption is not controlled by dissolution of secondary Zn phases. In summary, these findings support the idea that Zn attenuation in Pinal Creek is largely controlled by sorption to microbial Mn oxides forming in the streambed during hyporheic exchange. Sorption to biogenic Mn oxides is likely an important process of Zn attenuation in circum-neutral pH reaches of many acid-mine drainage contaminated streams when dissolved Mn is present.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es402576f","usgsCitation":"Fuller, C.C., and Bargar, J.R., 2014, Processes of zinc attenuation by biogenic manganese oxides forming in the hyporheic zone of Pinal Creek, Arizona: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 48, no. 4, p. 2165-2172, https://doi.org/10.1021/es402576f.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2165","endPage":"2172","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-049485","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1021/es402576f","text":"External Repository"},{"id":282125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282672,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es402576f"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Pinal Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.913,33.604 ], [ -110.913,33.615 ], [ -110.906,33.615 ], [ -110.906,33.604 ], [ -110.913,33.604 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6e33e4b0b29085105a25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bargar, John R.","contributorId":14970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bargar","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047085,"text":"70047085 - 2014 - Linking channel hydrology with riparian wetland accretion in tidal rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-14T09:20:09","indexId":"70047085","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T13:29:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking channel hydrology with riparian wetland accretion in tidal rivers","docAbstract":"The hydrologic processes by which tide affects river channel and riparian morphology within the tidal freshwater zone are poorly understood, yet are fundamental to predicting the fate of coastal rivers and wetlands as sea level rises. We investigated patterns of sediment accretion in riparian wetlands along the non-tidal through oligohaline portion of two coastal plain rivers in Maryland, U.S.A., and how flow velocity, water level, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the channel may have contributed to those patterns. Sediment accretion was measured over a one year period using artificial marker horizons, channel hydrology was measured over a one month period using acoustic Doppler current profilers, and SSC was predicted from acoustic backscatter. Riparian sediment accretion was lowest at the non-tidal sites (mean and standard deviation = 8 ± 8 mm yr<sup>-1</sup>), highest at the upstream tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) (33 ± 28 mm yr<sup>-1</sup>), low at the midstream TFFW (12 ± 9 mm yr<sup>-1</sup>), and high at the oligohaline (fresh-to-brackish) marshes (19 ± 8 mm yr<sup>-1</sup>). Channel maximum flood and ebb velocity was 2-fold faster at the oligohaline than tidal freshwater zone on both tidal rivers, corresponding with the differences in in-channel SSC: the oligohaline zone's SSC was more than double the tidal freshwater zone's, and was greater than historical SSC at the non-tidal gages. The tidal wave characteristics differed between rivers, leading to significantly greater in-channel SSC during floodplain inundation in the weakly convergent than the strongly convergent tidal river. Overall sediment accretion was higher in the embayed river likely due to a single storm discharge and associated sedimentation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/2013JF002737","usgsCitation":"Ensign, S., Noe, G., and Hupp, C.R., 2014, Linking channel hydrology with riparian wetland accretion in tidal rivers: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 119, no. 1, p. 28-44, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JF002737.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-049027","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jf002737","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280640,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JF002737"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.5085,36.9279 ], [ -77.5085,39.6015 ], [ -74.8938,39.6015 ], [ -74.8938,36.9279 ], [ -77.5085,36.9279 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"119","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd64b4e4b0b290850ff9b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ensign, Scott H.","contributorId":81397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ensign","given":"Scott H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory B.","contributorId":77805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70121315,"text":"70121315 - 2014 - Bioavailability and bioaccumulation of metal-based engineered nanomaterials in aquatic environments: Concepts and processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-12T17:18:46.671708","indexId":"70121315","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"5","title":"Bioavailability and bioaccumulation of metal-based engineered nanomaterials in aquatic environments: Concepts and processes","docAbstract":"Bioavailability of Me-ENMs to aquatic organisms links their release into the environment to ecological implications. Close examination shows some important differences in the conceptual models that define bioavailability for metals and Me-ENMs. Metals are delivered to aquatic animals from Me-ENMs via water, ingestion, and incidental surface exposure. Both metal released from the Me-ENM and uptake of the nanoparticle itself contribute to bioaccumulation. Some mechanisms of toxicity and some of the metrics describing exposure may differ from metals alone. Bioavailability is driven by complex interaction of particle attributes, environmental transformations, and biological traits. Characterization of Me-ENMs is an essential part of understanding bioavailability and requires novel methodologies. The relative importance of the array of processes that could affect Me-ENM bioavailability remains poorly known, but new approaches and models are developing rapidly. Enough is known, however, to conclude that traditional approaches to exposure assessment for metals would not be adequate to assess risks from Me-ENMs.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Frontiers of nanoscience: Nanoscience and the environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-08-099408-6.00005-0","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S.N., Khan, F., and Croteau, M., 2014, Bioavailability and bioaccumulation of metal-based engineered nanomaterials in aquatic environments: Concepts and processes, chap. 5 <i>of</i> Frontiers of nanoscience: Nanoscience and the environment, v. 7, p. 157-193, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-099408-6.00005-0.","productDescription":"37 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"193","numberOfPages":"37","ipdsId":"IP-053018","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294848,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e692ce4b092f17df5a71c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Khan, Farhan R.","contributorId":102407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khan","given":"Farhan R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Croteau, Marie-Noele","contributorId":51668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croteau","given":"Marie-Noele","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70141669,"text":"70141669 - 2014 - Potential environmental effects of pack stock on meadow ecosystems of the Sierra Nevada, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-23T10:28:23","indexId":"70141669","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3229,"text":"Rangeland Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential environmental effects of pack stock on meadow ecosystems of the Sierra Nevada, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Pack and saddle stock, including, but not limited to domesticated horses, mules, and burros, are used to support commercial, private and administrative activities in the Sierra Nevada. The use of pack stock has become a contentious and litigious issue for land management agencies in the region inter alia due to concerns over effects on the environment. The potential environmental effects of pack stock on Sierra Nevada meadow ecosystems are reviewed and it is concluded that the use of pack stock has the potential to influence the following: (1) water nutrient dynamics, sedimentation, temperature, and microbial pathogen content; (2) soil chemistry, nutrient cycling, soil compaction and hydrology; (3) plant individuals, populations and community dynamics, non-native invasive species, and encroachment of woody species; and (4) wildlife individuals, populations and communities. It is considered from currently available information that management objectives of pack stock should include the following: minimise bare ground, maximise plant cover, maintain species composition of native plants, minimise trampling, especially on wet soils and stream banks, and minimise direct urination and defecation by pack stock into water. However, incomplete documentation of patterns of pack stock use and limited past research limits current understanding of the effects of pack stock, especially their effects on water, soils and wildlife. To improve management of pack stock in this region, research is needed on linking measurable monitoring variables (e.g. plant cover) with environmental relevancy (e.g. soil erosion processes, wildlife habitat use), and identifying specific environmental thresholds of degradation along gradients of pack stock use in Sierra Nevada meadows.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Range Management","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.1071/RJ14050","usgsCitation":"Ostoja, S.M., Brooks, M.L., Moore, P.E., Berlow, E.L., Blank, R., Roche, J., Chase, J.T., and Haultain, S., 2014, Potential environmental effects of pack stock on meadow ecosystems of the Sierra Nevada, USA: Rangeland Journal, v. 36, no. 5, p. 411-427, https://doi.org/10.1071/RJ14050.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"427","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032478","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298100,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54ec5d45e4b02d776a67dab0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostoja, Steven M. sostoja@usgs.gov","contributorId":3039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostoja","given":"Steven","email":"sostoja@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":33665,"text":"USDA California Climate Hub, UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Peggy E. 0000-0002-8481-2617 peggy_moore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8481-2617","contributorId":3365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Peggy","email":"peggy_moore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berlow, Eric L.","contributorId":91416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berlow","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blank, Robert","contributorId":139377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blank","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12755,"text":"USDA Ag Research Service, Reno, NV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roche, Jim","contributorId":35073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roche","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chase, Jennifer T. jchase@usgs.gov","contributorId":3961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Jennifer","email":"jchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Haultain, Sylvia","contributorId":139378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haultain","given":"Sylvia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12756,"text":"Plant Ecologist, NPS, Sequoia Kings Cyn NPs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70113031,"text":"70113031 - 2014 - Presence of the Corexit component dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate in Gulf of Mexico waters after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:04:37","indexId":"70113031","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T10:44:10","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Presence of the Corexit component dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate in Gulf of Mexico waters after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill","docAbstract":"Between April 22 and July 15, 2010, approximately 4.9 million barrels of oil were released into the Gulf of Mexico from the Deepwater Horizon oil well. Approximately 16% of the oil was chemically dispersed, at the surface and at 1500 m depth, using Corexit 9527 and Corexit 9500, which contain dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS) as a major surfactant component. This was the largest documented release of oil in history at substantial depth, and the first time large quantities of dispersant (0.77 million gallons of approximately 1.9 million gallons total) were applied to a subsurface oil plume. During two cruises in late May and early June, water samples were collected at the surface and at depth for DOSS analysis. Real-time fluorimetry data was used to infer the presence of oil components to select appropriate sampling depths. Samples were stored frozen and in the dark for approximately 6 months prior to analysis by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with isotope-dilution quantification. The blank-limited method detection limit (0.25 μg L<sup>−1</sup>) was substantially less than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA) aquatic life benchmark of 40 μg L<sup>−1</sup>. Concentrations of DOSS exceeding 200 μg L<sup>−1</sup> were observed in one surface sample near the well site; in subsurface samples DOSS did not exceed 40 μg L<sup>−1</sup>. Although DOSS was present at high concentration in the immediate vicinity of the well where it was being continuously applied, a combination of biodegradation, photolysis, and dilution likely reduced persistence at concentrations exceeding the USEPA aquatic life benchmark beyond this immediate area.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.049","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.L., Kanagy, L.K., Furlong, E.T., Kanagy, C., McCoy, J.W., Mason, A., and Lauenstein, G., 2014, Presence of the Corexit component dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate in Gulf of Mexico waters after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill: Chemosphere, v. 95, p. 124-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.049.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"124","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-037292","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288889,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.049"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.5,28.0 ], [ -91.5,31.0 ], [ -87.0,31.0 ], [ -87.0,28.0 ], [ -91.5,28.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"95","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae77f1e4b0abf75cf2c5c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, James L. 0000-0002-0807-5635 jlgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0807-5635","contributorId":1253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"James","email":"jlgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kanagy, Leslie K. 0000-0001-5073-8538 lkkanagy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5073-8538","contributorId":4543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanagy","given":"Leslie","email":"lkkanagy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kanagy, Chris J.","contributorId":81616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanagy","given":"Chris J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCoy, Jeff W. 0000-0002-9817-6711 jefmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-6711","contributorId":738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Jeff","email":"jefmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mason, Andrew","contributorId":10334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lauenstein, Gunnar","contributorId":50080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauenstein","given":"Gunnar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
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