The Sallys Bend swamp and marsh area on the central Oregon coast onshore of the Cascadia subduction zone contains a sequence of buried coastal wetland soils that extends back ∼4500 yr B.P. The upper 10 of the 12 soils are represented in multiple cores. Each soil is abruptly overlain by a sandy deposit and then, in most cases, by greater than 10 cm of mud. For eight of the 10 buried soils, times of soil burial are constrained through radiocarbon ages on fine, delicate detritus from the top of the buried soil; for two of the buried soils, diatom and foraminifera data constrain paleoenvironment at the time of soil burial.
We infer that each buried soil represents a Cascadia subduction zone earthquake because the soils are laterally extensive and abruptly overlain by sandy deposits and mud. Preservation of coseismically buried soils occurred from 4500 yr ago until ∼500–600 yr ago, after which preservation was compromised by cessation of gradual relative sea-level rise, which in turn precluded drowning of marsh soils during instances of coseismic subsidence. Based on grain-size and microfossil data, sandy deposits overlying buried soils accumulated immediately after a subduction zone earthquake, during tsunami incursion into Sallys Bend. The possibility that the sandy deposits were sourced directly from landslides triggered upstream in the Yaquina River basin by seismic shaking was discounted based on sedimentologic, microfossil, and depositional site characteristics of the sandy deposits, which were inconsistent with a fluvial origin. Biostratigraphic analyses of sediment above two buried soils—in the case of two earthquakes, one occurring shortly after 1541–1708 cal. yr B.P. and the other occurring shortly after 3227–3444 cal. yr B.P.—provide estimates that coseismic subsidence was a minimum of 0.4 m. The average recurrence interval of subduction zone earthquakes is 420–580 yr, based on an ∼3750–4050-yr-long record and seven to nine interearthquake intervals.
The comparison of the Yaquina Bay earthquake record to similar records at other Cascadia coastal sites helps to define potential patterns of rupture for different earthquakes, although inherent uncertainty in dating precludes definitive statements about rupture length during earthquakes. We infer that in the first half of the last millennia, the northern Oregon part of the subduction zone had a different rupture history than the southern Oregon part of the subduction zone, and we also infer that at ca. 1.6 ka, two earthquakes closely spaced in time together ruptured a length of the megathrust that extends at least from southwestern Washington to southern Oregon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B31074.1","usgsCitation":"Graehl, N., Kelsey, H.M., Witter, R., Hemphill-Haley, E., and Engelhart, S.E., 2015, Stratigraphic and microfossil evidence for a 4500-year history of Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes and tsunamis at Yaquina River estuary, Oregon, USA: GSA Bulletin, v. 127, no. 1-2, p. 211-226, https://doi.org/10.1130/B31074.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"226","ipdsId":"IP-055195","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1285450","text":"External Repository"},{"id":343481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","issue":"1-2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59609db9e4b0d1f9f0594c42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graehl, Nicholas A","contributorId":194372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graehl","given":"Nicholas A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey M.","contributorId":184057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hemphill-Haley, Eileen","contributorId":194373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemphill-Haley","given":"Eileen","affiliations":[{"id":35736,"text":"Hemphill-Haley Consulting, McKinleyville, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70191648,"text":"70191648 - 2015 - Shortnose sturgeon in the Gulf of Maine: Use of spawning habitat in the Kennebec System and response to dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-17T15:42:35","indexId":"70191648","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shortnose sturgeon in the Gulf of Maine: Use of spawning habitat in the Kennebec System and response to dam removal","docAbstract":"Evidence has become available in this century indicating that populations of the endangered Shortnose Sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum migrate outside their natal river systems, but the full extent and functional basis of these migrations are not well understood. Between 2007 and 2013, 40 Shortnose Sturgeon captured and tagged in four Gulf of Maine river systems migrated long distances in coastal waters to reach the Kennebec System where their movements were logged by an acoustic receiver array. Twenty-one (20%) of 104 Shortnose Sturgeon tagged in the Penobscot River, two (50%) of four tagged in the Kennebec System, one (50%) of two tagged in the Saco River, and 16 (37%) of 43 tagged in the Merrimack River moved to a previously identified spawning site or historical spawning habitat in the Kennebec System in spring. Most (65%) moved in early spring from the tagging location directly to a spawning site in the Kennebec System, whereas the rest moved primarily in the fall from the tagging location to a wintering site in that system and moved to a spawning site the following spring. Spawning was inferred from the location, behavior, and sexual status of the fish and from season, water temperature, and discharge, and was confirmed by the capture of larvae in some years. Tagged fish went to a known spawning area in the upper Kennebec Estuary (16 events) or the Androscoggin Estuary (14 events), an historical spawning habitat in the restored Kennebec River (8 events), or two spawning areas in a single year (7 events). We have provided the first evidence indicating that Shortnose Sturgeon spawn in the restored Kennebec River in an historical habitat that became accessible in 1999 when Edwards Dam was removed, 162 years after it was constructed. These results highlight the importance of the Kennebec System to Shortnose Sturgeon throughout the Gulf of Maine.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2015.1037931","usgsCitation":"Wippelhauser, G.S., Zydlewski, G.B., Kieffer, M., Sulikowski, J., and Kinnison, M.T., 2015, Shortnose sturgeon in the Gulf of Maine: Use of spawning habitat in the Kennebec System and response to dam removal: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 144, no. 4, p. 742-752, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2015.1037931.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"742","endPage":"752","ipdsId":"IP-058271","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346733,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.93896484375,\n 43.69369383336777\n ],\n [\n -69.554443359375,\n 43.69369383336777\n ],\n [\n -69.554443359375,\n 44.62761851676016\n ],\n [\n -69.93896484375,\n 44.62761851676016\n ],\n [\n -69.93896484375,\n 43.69369383336777\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"144","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e71694e4b05fe04cd331d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wippelhauser, Gail S.","contributorId":169680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wippelhauser","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":25571,"text":"Maine Department of Marine Resources, Augusta, ME","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":712964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, Gayle B.","contributorId":169688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Gayle","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kieffer, Micah 0000-0001-9310-018X mkieffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9310-018X","contributorId":2641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kieffer","given":"Micah","email":"mkieffer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sulikowski, James","contributorId":197218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sulikowski","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kinnison, Michael T.","contributorId":169617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinnison","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":712967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70138510,"text":"70138510 - 2015 - Uranium Sequestration During Biostimulated Reduction and In Response to the Return of Oxic Conditions In Shallow Aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T11:20:41","indexId":"70138510","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"NUREG/CR-7178","title":"Uranium Sequestration During Biostimulated Reduction and In Response to the Return of Oxic Conditions In Shallow Aquifers","docAbstract":"A proposed approach for groundwater remediation of uranium contamination is to generate reducing conditions by stimulating the growth of microbial populations through injection of electron donor compounds into the subsurface. Sufficiently reducing conditions will result in reduction of soluble hexavalent uranium, U(VI), and precipitation of the less soluble +4 oxidation state uranium, U(IV). This process is termed biostimulated reduction. A key issue in the remediation of uranium (U) contamination in aquifers by biostimulated reduction is the long term stability of the sequestered uranium. Three flow-through column experiments using aquifer sediment were used to evaluate the remobilization of bioreduced U sequestered under conditions in which biostimulation extended well into sulfate reduction to enhance precipitation of reduced sulfur phases such as iron sulfides. One column received added ferrous iron, Fe(II), increasing production of iron sulfides, to test their effect on remobilization of the sequestered uranium, either by serving as a redox buffer by competing for dissolved oxygen, or by armoring the reduced uranium. During biostimulation of the ambient microbial population with acetate, dissolved uranium was lowered by a factor of 2.5 or more with continued removal for over 110 days of biostimulation, well after the onset of sulfate reduction at ~30 days. Sequestered uranium was essentially all U(IV) resulting from the formation of nano-particulate uraninite that coated sediment grains to a thickness of a few 10’s of microns, sometimes in association with S and Fe. A multicomponent biogeochemical reactive transport model simulation of column effluents during biostimulation was generally able to describe the acetate oxidation, iron, sulfate, and uranium reduction for all three columns using parameters derived from simulations of field scale biostimulation experiments.
Columns were eluted with artificial groundwater at equilibrium with atmospheric oxygen to simulate the upper limit of dissolved oxygen in recharge water. Overall about 9% of total uranium removed from solution during biostimulation was remobilized. Release of U during oxic elution was a continuous process over 140 days with dissolved uranium concentrations about 0.2 and 0.8 aM for columns with and without ferrous iron addition, respectively. Uranium remaining on the sediment was in the reduced form. The prolonged period of biostimulation and concomitant sulfate reduction appears to limit the rate of U(IV) oxidative remobilization in contrast to a large release observed for columns in previous studies that did not undergo sulfate reduction. Although continued sulfate reduction may cause decreased permeability from precipitation of iron sulfide, the greater apparent stability of the sequestered U(IV) provided by the sustained biostimulation should be considered in design of field scale remediation efforts. Remobilization of uranium following biostimulated reduction should be tested further at the field scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission","collaboration":"Nuclear Regulatory Commission","usgsCitation":"Fuller, C.C., Johnson, K.J., Akstin, K., Singer, D.M., Yabusaki, S.B., Fang, Y., and Fuhrmann, M., 2015, Uranium Sequestration During Biostimulated Reduction and In Response to the Return of Oxic Conditions In Shallow Aquifers, xviii, 158 p.","productDescription":"xviii, 158 p.","ipdsId":"IP-053280","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297355,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/nuregs/contract/cr7178/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593fa839e4b0764e6c627999","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Kelly J.","contributorId":138797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12527,"text":"MWH Global, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Akstin, Katherine kakstin@usgs.gov","contributorId":5178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akstin","given":"Katherine","email":"kakstin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Singer, David M.","contributorId":53278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yabusaki, Steven B.","contributorId":138798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yabusaki","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6727,"text":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fang, Yi","contributorId":138799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fang","given":"Yi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6727,"text":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fuhrmann, M.","contributorId":138800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuhrmann","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12528,"text":"US Nuclear Regulatory Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70136148,"text":"70136148 - 2015 - Tracing historical trends of Hg in the Mississippi River using Hg concentrations and Hg isotopic compositions in a lake sediment core, Lake Whittington, Mississippi, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-20T12:41:18","indexId":"70136148","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-23T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracing historical trends of Hg in the Mississippi River using Hg concentrations and Hg isotopic compositions in a lake sediment core, Lake Whittington, Mississippi, USA","docAbstract":"Concentrations and isotopic compositions of mercury (Hg) in a sediment core collected from Lake Whittington, an oxbow lake on the Lower Mississippi River, were used to evaluate historical sources of Hg in the Mississippi River basin. Sediment Hg concentrations in the Lake Whittington core have a large 10-15 y peak centered on the 1960s, with a maximum enrichment factor relative to Hg in the core of 4.8 in 1966. The Hg concentration profile indicates a different Hg source history than seen in most historical reconstructions of Hg loading. The timing of the peak is consistent with large releases of Hg from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), primarily in the late 1950s and 1960s. Mercury was used in a lithiumisotope separation process by ORNL and an estimated 128Mg (megagrams) of Hgwas discharged to a local stream that flows into the Tennessee River and, eventually, the Mississippi River. Mass balance analyses of Hg concentrations and isotopic compositions in the Lake Whittington core fit a binary mixing model with a Hg-rich upstream source contributing about 70% of the Hg to Lake Whittington at the height of the Hg peak in 1966. This upstream Hg source is isotopically similar to Hg isotope compositions of stream sediment collected downstream near ORNL. It is estimated that about one-half of the Hg released from the ORNL potentially reached the LowerMississippi River basin in the 1960s, suggesting considerable downstream transport of Hg. It is also possible that upstream urban and industrial sources contributed some proportion of Hg to Lake Whittington in the 1960s and 1970s.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Association for Geochemistry","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.12.005","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.E., Van Metre, P., Pribil, M.J., and Horowitz, A.J., 2015, Tracing historical trends of Hg in the Mississippi River using Hg concentrations and Hg isotopic compositions in a lake sediment core, Lake Whittington, Mississippi, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 395, p. 80-87, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.12.005.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"87","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058426","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296862,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"395","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ac3e4b08de9379b31ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C. pcvanmet@usgs.gov","contributorId":486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter C.","email":"pcvanmet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pribil, Michael J. mpribil@usgs.gov","contributorId":2027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pribil","given":"Michael","email":"mpribil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Horowitz, Arthur J. 0000-0002-3296-730X horowitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-730X","contributorId":1400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"Arthur","email":"horowitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70137567,"text":"70137567 - 2015 - Sensitivity of tsunami evacuation modeling to direction and land cover assumptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T15:14:18","indexId":"70137567","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":836,"text":"Applied Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity of tsunami evacuation modeling to direction and land cover assumptions","docAbstract":"Although anisotropic least-cost-distance (LCD) modeling is becoming a common tool for estimating pedestrian-evacuation travel times out of tsunami hazard zones, there has been insufficient attention paid to understanding model sensitivity behind the estimates. To support tsunami risk-reduction planning, we explore two aspects of LCD modeling as it applies to pedestrian evacuations and use the coastal community of Seward, Alaska, as our case study. First, we explore the sensitivity of modeling to the direction of movement by comparing standard safety-to-hazard evacuation times to hazard-to-safety evacuation times for a sample of 3985 points in Seward's tsunami-hazard zone. Safety-to-hazard evacuation times slightly overestimated hazard-to-safety evacuation times but the strong relationship to the hazard-to-safety evacuation times, slightly conservative bias, and shorter processing times of the safety-to-hazard approach make it the preferred approach. Second, we explore how variations in land cover speed conservation values (SCVs) influence model performance using a Monte Carlo approach with one thousand sets of land cover SCVs. The LCD model was relatively robust to changes in land cover SCVs with the magnitude of local model sensitivity greatest in areas with higher evacuation times or with wetland or shore land cover types, where model results may slightly underestimate travel times. This study demonstrates that emergency managers should be concerned not only with populations in locations with evacuation times greater than wave arrival times, but also with populations with evacuation times lower than but close to expected wave arrival times, particularly if they are required to cross wetlands or beaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.11.014","usgsCitation":"Schmidtlein, M.C., and Wood, N.J., 2015, Sensitivity of tsunami evacuation modeling to direction and land cover assumptions: Applied Geography, v. 56, p. 154-163, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.11.014.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"163","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046304","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472446,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.11.014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297115,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ab1e4b08de9379b3182","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidtlein, Mathew C.","contributorId":138584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidtlein","given":"Mathew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12451,"text":"Sacramento State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70141020,"text":"70141020 - 2015 - The role of tidal marsh restoration in fish management in the San Francisco Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T17:34:42.699594","indexId":"70141020","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of tidal marsh restoration in fish management in the San Francisco Estuary","docAbstract":"Tidal marsh restoration is an important management issue in the San Francisco Estuary (estuary). Restoration of large areas of tidal marsh is ongoing or planned in the lower estuary (up to 6,000 ha, Callaway et al. 2011). Large areas are proposed for restoration in the upper estuary under the Endangered Species Act biological opinions (3,237 ha) and the Bay Delta Conservation Plan (26,305 ha). In the lower estuary, tidal marsh has proven its value to a wide array of species that live within it (Palaima 2012). In the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta (Delta), one important function ascribed to restoration of freshwater tidal marshes is that they make large contributions to the food web of fish in open waters (BDCP 2013). The Ecosystem Restoration Program ascribed a suite of ecological functions to tidal marsh restoration, including habitat and food web benefits to native fish (CDFW 2010). This background was the basis for a symposium, Tidal Marshes and Native Fishes in the Delta: Will Restoration Make a Difference? held at the University of California, Davis, on June 10, 2013. This paper summarizes conclusions the authors drew from the symposium.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of California","doi":"10.15447/sfews.2014v12iss1art1","usgsCitation":"Herbold, B., Baltz, D., Brown, L.R., Grossinger, R., Kimmerer, W.J., Lehman, P.W., Simenstad, C.A., Wilcox, C., and Nobriga, M.L., 2015, The role of tidal marsh restoration in fish management in the San Francisco Estuary: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 12, no. 1, e1147j4nz, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2014v12iss1art1.","productDescription":"e1147j4nz, 6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048990","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2014v12iss1art1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381505,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.98645019531249,\n 37.413800350662875\n ],\n [\n -122.98645019531249,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -121.915283203125,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -121.915283203125,\n 37.413800350662875\n ],\n [\n -122.98645019531249,\n 37.413800350662875\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ac2e4b08de9379b31e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herbold, Bruce","contributorId":51223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herbold","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baltz, Donald","contributorId":139252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baltz","given":"Donald","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grossinger, Robin","contributorId":139253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grossinger","given":"Robin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12703,"text":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kimmerer, Wim J.","contributorId":59169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimmerer","given":"Wim","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6690,"text":"San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lehman, Peggy W.","contributorId":96168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehman","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7101,"text":"California Department of Water Resources, Geodetic Branch","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Simenstad, Charles A.","contributorId":88477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simenstad","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wilcox, Carl","contributorId":139255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Carl","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nobriga, Matthew L.","contributorId":139254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nobriga","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70134236,"text":"70134236 - 2015 - BET surface area distributions in polar stream sediments: Implications for silicate weathering in a cold-arid environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-21T17:26:21.88861","indexId":"70134236","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-25T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"BET surface area distributions in polar stream sediments: Implications for silicate weathering in a cold-arid environment","docAbstract":"BET surface area values are critical for quantifying the amount of potentially reactive sediments available for chemical weathering and ultimately, prediction of silicate weathering fluxes. BET surface area values of fine-grained (<62.5 μm) sediment from the hyporheic zone of polar glacial streams in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (Wright and Taylor Valleys) exhibit a wide range (2.5–70.6 m2/g) of surface area values. Samples from one (Delta Stream, Taylor Valley) of the four sampled stream transects exhibit high values (up to 70.6 m2/g), which greatly exceed surface area values from three temperate proglacial streams (0.3–12.1 m2/g). Only Clark stream in Wright Valley exhibits a robust trend with distance, wherein surface area systematically decreases (and particle size increases) in the mud fraction downstream, interpreted to reflect rapid dissolution processes in the weathering environment. The remaining transects exhibit a range in variability in surface area distributions along the length of the channel, likely related to variations in eolian input to exposed channel beds, adjacent snow drifts, and to glacier surfaces, where dust is trapped and subsequently liberated during summer melting. Additionally, variations in stream discharge rate, which mobilizes sediment in pulses and influences water:rock ratios, the origin and nature of the underlying drift material, and the contribution of organic acids may play significant roles in the production and mobilization of high-surface area sediment. This study highlights the presence of sediments with high surface area in cold-based glacier systems, which influences models of chemical denudation rates and the impact of glacial systems on the global carbon cycle.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.11.005","usgsCitation":"Marra, K.R., Elwood Madden, M.E., Soreghan, G.S., and Hall, B.L., 2015, BET surface area distributions in polar stream sediments: Implications for silicate weathering in a cold-arid environment: Applied Geochemistry, v. 52, p. 31-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.11.005.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057956","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296299,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica, Taylor Valley, Wright Valley","volume":"52","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54759a18e4b042f27ef134c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marra, Kristen R. 0000-0001-8027-5255 kmarra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8027-5255","contributorId":4844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marra","given":"Kristen","email":"kmarra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elwood Madden, Megan E","contributorId":127580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elwood Madden","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":7062,"text":"University of Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soreghan, Gerilyn S.","contributorId":101726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soreghan","given":"Gerilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hall, Brenda L","contributorId":127581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70137252,"text":"70137252 - 2015 - Vegetation controls on weathering intensity during the last deglacial transition in southeast Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T14:03:03","indexId":"70137252","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation controls on weathering intensity during the last deglacial transition in southeast Africa","docAbstract":"Tropical climate is rapidly changing, but the effects of these changes on the geosphere are unknown, despite a likelihood of climatically-induced changes on weathering and erosion. The lack of long, continuous paleo-records prevents an examination of terrestrial responses to climate change with sufficient detail to answer questions about how systems behaved in the past and may alter in the future. We use high-resolution records of pollen, clay mineralogy, and particle size from a drill core from Lake Malawi, southeast Africa, to examine atmosphere-biosphere-geosphere interactions during the last deglaciation (~18–9 ka), a period of dramatic temperature and hydrologic changes. The results demonstrate that climatic controls on Lake Malawi vegetation are critically important to weathering processes and erosion patterns during the deglaciation. At 18 ka, afromontane forests dominated but were progressively replaced by tropical seasonal forest, as summer rainfall increased. Despite indication of decreased rainfall, drought-intolerant forest persisted through the Younger Dryas (YD) resulting from a shorter dry season. Following the YD, an intensified summer monsoon and increased rainfall seasonality were coeval with forest decline and expansion of drought-tolerant miombo woodland. Clay minerals closely track the vegetation record, with high ratios of kaolinite to smectite (K/S) indicating heavy leaching when forest predominates, despite variable rainfall. In the early Holocene, when rainfall and temperature increased (effective moisture remained low), open woodlands expansion resulted in decreased K/S, suggesting a reduction in chemical weathering intensity. Terrigenous sediment mass accumulation rates also increased, suggesting critical linkages among open vegetation and erosion during intervals of enhanced summer rainfall. This study shows a strong, direct influence of vegetation composition on weathering intensity in the tropics. As climate change will likely impact this interplay between the biosphere and geosphere, tropical landscape change could lead to deleterious effects on soil and water quality in regions with little infrastructure for mitigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0112855","usgsCitation":"Ivory, S., McGlue, M.M., Ellis, G.S., Lézine, A., Cohen, A.S., and Vincens, A., 2015, Vegetation controls on weathering intensity during the last deglacial transition in southeast Africa: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 11, e112855: 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112855.","productDescription":"e112855: 11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057713","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112855","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Malawi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 33.486328125,\n -9.492408153765531\n ],\n [\n 34.6728515625,\n -9.275622176792098\n ],\n [\n 35.595703125,\n -14.647368383896632\n ],\n [\n 34.4091796875,\n -14.732386081418467\n ],\n [\n 33.486328125,\n -9.492408153765531\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ac9e4b08de9379b3209","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivory, Sarah J.","contributorId":138493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ivory","given":"Sarah J.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGlue, Michael M. mmcglue@usgs.gov","contributorId":4091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGlue","given":"Michael","email":"mmcglue@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":537575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lézine, Anne-Marie","contributorId":138495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lézine","given":"Anne-Marie","affiliations":[{"id":12426,"text":"LOCEAN, CNRS, Paris, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cohen, Andrew S.","contributorId":100989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vincens, Annie","contributorId":138497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vincens","given":"Annie","affiliations":[{"id":12427,"text":"CEREGE, CNRS, Aix-en-Provence, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70134830,"text":"70134830 - 2015 - Cyclic avian mass mortality in the northeastern United States is associated with a novel orthomyxovirus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T13:47:43","indexId":"70134830","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2497,"text":"Journal of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cyclic avian mass mortality in the northeastern United States is associated with a novel orthomyxovirus","docAbstract":"Since 1998, cyclic mortality events in common eiders (Somateria mollissima), numbering in the hundreds to thousands of dead birds, have been documented along the coast of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA. Although longitudinal disease investigations have uncovered potential contributing factors responsible for these outbreaks, detecting a primary etiological agent has proven enigmatic. Here we identify a novel orthomyxovirus, tentatively named Wellfleet Bay virus (WFBV), as a potential causative agent of these outbreaks. Genomic analysis of WFBV revealed that it is most closely related to members of the Quaranjavirus genus within the family Orthomyxoviridae. Similar to other members of the genus, WFBV contains an alphabaculovirus gp64-like glycoprotein, which was demonstrated to have fusion activity, and also tentatively suggests that ticks (and/or insects) may vector the virus in nature. However, in addition to the six RNA segments encoding the prototypical structural proteins identified in other quaranjaviruses, a previously unknown RNA segment (segment 7) encoding a novel protein designated as VP7 was discovered in WFBV. Although WFBV shows low to moderate levels of sequence similarity to Quaranfil virus and Johnston Atoll virus, the original members of the Quaranjavirus genus, additional antigenic and genetic analyses demonstrated that it is closely related to the recently identified Cygnet River virus (CyRV) from South Australia, suggesting that WFBV and CyRV may be geographic variants of the same virus. Although the identification of WFBV in part may resolve the enigma of these mass mortality events, the details of the ecology and epidemiology of the virus remain to be determined.
\n\n
Importance The emergence or reemergence of viral pathogens resulting in large-scale outbreaks of disease in humans and/or animals is one of the most important challenges facing biomedicine. For example, understanding how orthomyxoviruses such as novel influenza A virus reassortants and/or mutants emerge to cause epidemic or pandemic disease is at the forefront of current global health concerns. Here we describe the emergence of a novel orthomyxovirus, Wellfleet Bay virus (WFBV), which has been associated with cyclic large-scale bird die-offs in the northeastern United States. This initial characterization study provides a foundation for further research into the evolution, epidemiology, and ecology of newly emerging orthomyxoviruses, such as WFBV, and their potential impacts on animal and/or human health.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/JVI.02019-14","usgsCitation":"Allison, A.B., Ballard, J.R., Tesh, R.B., Brown, J.D., Ruder, M.G., Keel, M.K., Munk, B.A., Mickley, R.M., Gibbs, S., Ellis, J.C., Travassos da Rosac, A.P., Ip, S., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Rogers, M.B., Gheldin, E., Holmes, E., Parrish, C.R., and Dwyer, C.P., 2015, Cyclic avian mass mortality in the northeastern United States is associated with a novel orthomyxovirus: Journal of Virology, v. 89, no. 2, p. 1389-1403, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02019-14.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1389","endPage":"1403","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055695","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472460,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02019-14","text":"Publisher Index 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simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-05T11:34:56","indexId":"70125710","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-17T15:23:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MODFLOW-based coupled surface water routing and groundwater-flow simulation","docAbstract":"In this paper, we present a flexible approach for simulating one- and two-dimensional routing of surface water using a numerical surface water routing (SWR) code implicitly coupled to the groundwater-flow process in MODFLOW. Surface water routing in SWR can be simulated using a diffusive-wave approximation of the Saint-Venant equations and/or a simplified level-pool approach. SWR can account for surface water flow controlled by backwater conditions caused by small water-surface gradients or surface water control structures. A number of typical surface water control structures, such as culverts, weirs, and gates, can be represented, and it is possible to implement operational rules to manage surface water stages and streamflow. The nonlinear system of surface water flow equations formulated in SWR is solved by using Newton methods and direct or iterative solvers. SWR was tested by simulating the (1) Lal axisymmetric overland flow, (2) V-catchment, and (3) modified Pinder-Sauer problems. Simulated results for these problems compare well with other published results and indicate that SWR provides accurate results for surface water-only and coupled surface water/groundwater problems. Results for an application of SWR and MODFLOW to the Snapper Creek area of Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA are also presented and demonstrate the value of coupled surface water and groundwater simulation in managed, low-relief coastal settings.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12216","usgsCitation":"Hughes, J.D., Langevin, C.D., and White, J., 2015, MODFLOW-based coupled surface water routing and groundwater-flow simulation: Groundwater, v. 53, no. 3, p. 452-463, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12216.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"452","endPage":"463","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053378","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294069,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12216"}],"volume":"53","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541a9491e4b01571b3d4cc5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hughes, Joseph D. 0000-0003-1311-2354 jdhughes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1311-2354","contributorId":2492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Joseph","email":"jdhughes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langevin, Christian D. 0000-0001-5610-9759 langevin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-9759","contributorId":1030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"Christian","email":"langevin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Jeremy T. jwhite@usgs.gov","contributorId":3930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Jeremy T.","email":"jwhite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70126216,"text":"70126216 - 2015 - Dietary mercury exposure to endangered California Clapper Rails in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:10:34","indexId":"70126216","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-15T09:53:05","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dietary mercury exposure to endangered California Clapper Rails in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"California Clapper Rails (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) are an endangered waterbird that forage in tidal-marsh habitats that pose risks from mercury exposure. We analyzed total mercury (Hg) in six macro-invertebrate and one fish species representing Clapper Rail diets from four tidal-marshes in San Francisco Bay, California. Mercury concentrations among individual taxa ranged from lowest at Colma Creek (mean range: 0.09–0.2 μg/g dw) to highest at Cogswell (0.2–0.7), Laumeister (0.2–0.9) and Arrowhead Marshes (0.3–1.9). These spatial patterns for Hg matched patterns reported previously in Clapper Rail blood from the same four marshes. Over 25% of eastern mudsnails (Ilyanassa obsolete) and staghorn sculpin (Leptocottus armatus) exceeded dietary Hg concentrations (ww) often associated with avian reproductive impairment. Our results indicate that Hg concentrations vary considerably among tidal-marshes and diet taxa, and Hg concentrations of prey may provide an appropriate proxy for relative exposure risk for Clapper Rails.","language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009","usgsCitation":"Casazza, M.L., Ricca, M., Overton, C.T., Takekawa, J.Y., Merritt, A., and Ackerman, J., 2015, Dietary mercury exposure to endangered California Clapper Rails in San Francisco Bay: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 86, no. 1-2, p. 254-260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"260","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-055981","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294230,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.522833,37.445189 ], [ -122.522833,38.144192 ], [ -122.036897,38.144192 ], [ -122.036897,37.445189 ], [ -122.522833,37.445189 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"86","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb22e4b08312ac7ceff3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ricca, Mark A.","contributorId":39736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overton, Cory T. 0000-0002-5060-7447 coverton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7447","contributorId":3262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"Cory","email":"coverton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Merritt, Angela amerritt@usgs.gov","contributorId":5894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"Angela","email":"amerritt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":501948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70160540,"text":"70160540 - 2015 - Predicted effects of future climate warming on thermal habitat suitability for Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens, Rafinesque, 1817) in rivers in Wisconsin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-23T10:35:36","indexId":"70160540","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-11T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicted effects of future climate warming on thermal habitat suitability for Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens, Rafinesque, 1817) in rivers in Wisconsin, USA","docAbstract":"The Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens, Rafinesque, 1817) may be threatened by future climate warming. The purpose of this study was to identify river reaches in Wisconsin, USA, where they might be vulnerable to warming water temperatures. In Wisconsin, A. fulvescens is known from 2291 km of large-river habitat that has been fragmented into 48 discrete river-lake networks isolated by impassable dams. Although the exact temperature tolerances are uncertain, water temperatures above 28–30°C are potentially less suitable for this coolwater species. Predictions from 13 downscaled global climate models were input to a lotic water temperature model to estimate amounts of potential thermally less-suitable habitat at present and for 2046–2065. Currently, 341 km (14.9%) of the known habitat are estimated to regularly exceed 28°C for an entire day, but only 6 km (0.3%) to exceed 30°C. In 2046–2065, 685–2164 km (29.9–94.5%) are projected to exceed 28°C and 33–1056 km (1.4–46.1%) to exceed 30°C. Most river-lake networks have cooler segments, large tributaries, or lakes that might provide temporary escape from potentially less suitable temperatures, but 12 short networks in the Lower Fox and Middle Wisconsin rivers totaling 93.6 km are projected to have no potential thermal refugia. One possible adaptation to climate change could be to provide fish passage or translocation so that riverine Lake Sturgeon might have access to more thermally suitable habitats.
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,{"id":70119519,"text":"70119519 - 2015 - Please don't misuse the museum: 'declines' may be statistical","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-23T16:12:41","indexId":"70119519","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-07T14:23:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Please don't misuse the museum: 'declines' may be statistical","docAbstract":"Detecting declines in populations at broad spatial scales takes enormous effort, and long-term data are often more sparse than is desired for estimating trends, identifying drivers for population changes, framing conservation decisions or taking management actions. Museum records and historic data can be available at large scales across multiple decades, and are therefore an attractive source of information on the comparative status of populations. However, changes in populations may be real (e.g., in response to environmental covariates) or resulting from variation in our ability to observe the true population response (also possibly related to environmental covariates). This is a (statistical) nuisance in understanding the true status of a population. Evaluating statistical hypotheses alongside more interesting ecological ones is important in the appropriate use of museum data. Two statistical considerations are generally applicable to use of museum records: first without initial random sampling, comparison with contemporary results cannot provide inference to the entire range of a species, and second the availability of only some individuals in a population may respond to environmental changes. Changes in the availability of individuals may reduce the proportion of the population that is present and able to be counted on a given survey event, resulting in an apparent decline even when population size is stable.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Oxford, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12702","usgsCitation":"Grant, E., 2015, Please don't misuse the museum: 'declines' may be statistical: Global Change Biology, v. 21, no. 3, p. 1018-1024, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12702.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1018","endPage":"1024","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059011","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291858,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291855,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12702"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e484b6e4b0fff4042801c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grant, Evan H. Campbell","contributorId":14686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan H. Campbell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70124041,"text":"70124041 - 2015 - Contrasting long-term survival of two outplanted Mojave Desert perennials for post-fire revegetation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:51:57","indexId":"70124041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-01T11:47:23","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":904,"text":"Arid Land Research and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contrasting long-term survival of two outplanted Mojave Desert perennials for post-fire revegetation","docAbstract":"Post-fire recovery of arid shrublands is typically slow, and planting greenhouse-raised seedlings may be a means of jump-starting this process. Recovery can be further accelerated by understanding the factors controlling post-planting survival. In fall 2007 and 2009, we outplanted seedlings of two contrasting native evergreen shrubs—fast-growing Nevada jointfir and slow-growing blackbrush—across five burned sites in the Mojave Desert. To increase soil moisture and optimize seedling survival, we experimentally applied and evaluated soil amendments and supplemental watering. We also evaluated two herbicides that reduce competitive invasive annual grasses and two types of herbivore protection. Survival of jointfir outplanted in 2007 was 61% after 43 months, and site largely influenced survival, while herbicide containing imazapic applied more than one year after outplanting reduced survival. Reduced survival of jointfir outplanted in 2009 coincided with delayed seasonal precipitation that intensified foliar damage by small mammals. In contrast, blackbrush survival was 4% after 43 months, and was influenced by site, type of herbivore protection, and greenhouse during the 2007 outplanting, and soil amendment during 2009. Counter to expectations, we found that supplemental watering and soil amendments did not influence long-term survival of either blackbrush or jointfir. Shrub species with rapid growth rates and broad environmental tolerances, such as jointfir, make ideal candidates for outplanting, provided that seedlings are protected from herbivores. Re-introduction of species with slow growth rates and narrow environmental tolerances, such as blackbrush, requires careful consideration to optimize pre- and post-planting conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1080/15324982.2014.901994","usgsCitation":"Scoles-Sciulla, S.J., Defalco, L., and Esque, T., 2015, Contrasting long-term survival of two outplanted Mojave Desert perennials for post-fire revegetation: Arid Land Research and Management, v. 29, no. 1, p. 110-124, https://doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2014.901994.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"124","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042562","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293620,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2014.901994"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.9789,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,34.1607 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b9a1e4b0239f1986ba33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoles-Sciulla, Sara J.","contributorId":26637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoles-Sciulla","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Defalco, Lesley A. ldefalco@usgs.gov","contributorId":2458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defalco","given":"Lesley A.","email":"ldefalco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":3221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70103310,"text":"70103310 - 2015 - High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-09T10:06:27","indexId":"70103310","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-05T14:54:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC","docAbstract":"Diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages documented in a high-resolution time series spanning 800 to 1600 AD in varved sediment recovered in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC (34°16.845’ N, 120°02.332’ W, water depth 588 m) from the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) reveal that SBB surface water conditions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the early part of the Little Ice Age (LIA) were not extreme by modern standards, mostly falling within one standard deviation of mean conditions during the pre anthropogenic interval of 1748 to 1900. No clear differences between the character of MCA and the early LIA conditions are apparent. During intervals of extreme droughts identified by terrigenous proxy scanning XRF analyses, diatom and silicoflagellate proxies for coastal upwelling typically exceed one standard deviation above mean values for 1748-1900, supporting the hypothesis that droughts in southern California are associated with cooler (or La Niña-like) sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Increased percentages of diatoms transported downslope generally coincide with intervals of increased siliciclastic flux to the SBB identified by scanning XRF analyses. Diatom assemblages suggest only two intervals of the MCA (at ~897 to 922 and ~1151 to 1167) when proxy SSTs exceeded one standard deviation above mean values for 1748 to 1900. Conversely, silicoflagellates imply extreme warm water events only at ~830 to 860 (early MCA) and ~1360 to 1370 (early LIA) that are not supported by the diatom data. Silicoflagellates appear to be more suitable for characterizing average climate during the 5 to 11 year-long sample intervals studied in the SPR0901-02KC core than diatoms, probably because diatom relative abundances may be dominated by seasonal blooms of a particular year.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., Bukry, D.B., and Hendy, I.L., 2015, High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC: Quaternary International, v. 387, p. 13-22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051912","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286826,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Barbara Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.50000,33.666667 ], [ -120.50000,34.666667 ], [ -119.00000,34.666667 ], [ -119.00000,33.666667 ], [ -120.50000,33.666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"387","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5368a4d1e4b059f7e82882ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David B.","contributorId":87070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hendy, Ingrid L.","contributorId":67416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendy","given":"Ingrid","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70099201,"text":"70099201 - 2015 - Projected risk of population declines for native fish species in the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-02T14:23:03","indexId":"70099201","displayToPublicDate":"2014-03-24T13:21:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected risk of population declines for native fish species in the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Conservationists are in need of objective metrics for prioritizing the management of habitats. For individual species, the threat of extinction is often used to prioritize what species are in need of conservation action. Using long-term monitoring data, we applied a Bayesian diffusion approximation to estimate quasi-extinction risk for 54 native fish species within six commercial navigation reaches along a 1350-km gradient of the upper Mississippi River system. We found a strong negative linear relationship between quasi-extinction risk and distance upstream. For some species, quasi-extinction estimates ranged from nearly zero in some reaches to one in others, suggesting substantial variability in threats facing individual river reaches. We found no evidence that species traits affected quasi-extinction risk across the entire system. Our results indicate that fishes within the upper Mississippi River system face localized threats that vary across river impact gradients. This suggests that conservation actions should be focused on local habitat scales but should also consider the additive effects on downstream conditions. We also emphasize the need for identification of proximate mechanisms behind observed and predicted population declines, as conservation actions will require mitigation of such mechanisms. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2741","usgsCitation":"Crimmins, S., Boma, P., and Thogmartin, W., 2015, Projected risk of population declines for native fish species in the Upper Mississippi River: River Research and Applications, v. 31, no. 2, p. 135-142, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2741.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"142","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052471","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2741","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":284401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":284400,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.2741"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.2469,35.9732 ], [ -95.2469,47.4978 ], [ -89.0944,47.4978 ], [ -89.0944,35.9732 ], [ -95.2469,35.9732 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c2de4b08de9379b3690","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crimmins, S.M.","contributorId":42870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crimmins","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boma, P.","contributorId":74298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boma","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thogmartin, W.E. 0000-0002-2384-4279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":26392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"W.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159966,"text":"70159966 - 2015 - USGS46 Greenland ice core water – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-07T13:34:45","indexId":"70159966","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-03T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1822,"text":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS46 Greenland ice core water – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water","docAbstract":"Ice core from Greenland was melted, filtered, homogenised, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed, autoclaved to eliminate biological activity, and calibrated by dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. This isotopic reference material (RM), USGS46, is intended as one of two secondary isotopic reference waters for daily normalisation of stable hydrogen (δ2H) and stable oxygen (δ18O) isotopic analysis of water with a mass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer. The measured δ2H and δ18O values of this reference water were −235.8 ± 0.7‰ and −29.80 ± 0.03‰, respectively, relative to VSMOW on scales normalised such that the δ2H and δ18O values of SLAP reference water are, respectively, −428 and −55.5‰. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U = 2uc) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95-percent probability of encompassing the true value. This reference water is available in cases containing 144 glass ampoules that are filled with either 4 ml or 5 ml of water per ampoule.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association scientifique pour la géologie et ses applications with the assistance of the Centre national de la recherche scientifique","publisherLocation":"Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-908X.2013.00267.x","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T.B., Qi, H., Tarbox, L.V., Lorenz, J.M., and Buck, B., 2015, USGS46 Greenland ice core water – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water: Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, v. 38, no. 2, p. 153-157, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2013.00267.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"157","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050146","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbf9e4b06a3ea36c8b58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tarbox, Lauren V. 0000-0002-4126-1851 ltarbox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4126-1851","contributorId":5319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarbox","given":"Lauren","email":"ltarbox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorenz, Jennifer M. 0000-0002-5826-7264 jlorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-7264","contributorId":3558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buck, Bryan bbuck@usgs.gov","contributorId":2326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buck","given":"Bryan","email":"bbuck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70156831,"text":"70156831 - 2015 - Sequence stratigraphic framework of upper pliocene to holocene sediments of the Los Angeles Basin, California: Implications for aquifer architecture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T13:24:26","indexId":"70156831","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"seriesNumber":"12","title":"Sequence stratigraphic framework of upper pliocene to holocene sediments of the Los Angeles Basin, California: Implications for aquifer architecture","docAbstract":"Executive Summary\nGroundwater provides more than one-third of the municipal water supply for the coastal Los Angeles Basin and defining the aquifer architecture is a high priority for ground-water managers. Sequence stratigraphy,\nthe state-of-the-art method for delineating reservoir geometry and continuity in the petroleum industry, is now being incorporated into ground water resource assessments and environmental investigations. By\nevaluating subsurface data using sequence stratigraphy, the geometry and distribution of aquifer and aquitard sediments are linked to the original depositional processes that formed the sediments. Skyline Ridge, Inc.,\nthe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Los Angeles County Department of Public Works (LACDPW) and the Water Replenishment District of Southern California (WRDSC) completed an\ninvestigation of the Wilmington – Long Beach area by integrating data from new exploratory research boreholes, marine reflection seismic, vintage land reflection seismic, and high-resolution gravity measurements.\nSequence stratigraphy is shown to define pathways for saltwater intrusion into freshwater coastal aquifers by integrating preexisting data with (1) the new borehole observations and (2) structural and physical\nproperties data derived from the geophysical measurements.\nBy constructing a series of seismic reflection and well log cross sections (presented as sheets), this investigation further defines and delineates ten sequences of Late Pliocene to Holocene age in the Wilmington –\nLong Beach area of the Los Angeles Basin. These sequences were first described by Ponti and others (2007), and the implications for sea water intrusion was discussed by Edwards and others (2009a). In addition,\nthis investigation presents regional seismic facies – environment of deposition maps for the five youngest sequences: 1) the Dominquez Sequence; 2) the Mesa Sequence; 3) the Pacific Sequence; the Harbor\nSequence; and 4) the Bent Spring Sequence.\nThe stratigraphic framework established in the Wilmington – Long Beach area is extended into the Central Basin of the greater Los Angeles area by utilizing 1980s and older vintage petroleum exploration land\nseismic reflection data. Tying this data to the available groundwater monitoring well network in the Central and West Coast Basins demonstrate aquifer correlation problems, and may provide insights into\nestablishing a more robust groundwater model for the greater Los Angeles Basin area.","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Section, SEPM, Society for Sedimentary Geology","usgsCitation":"Ehman, K.D., Edwards, B.D., and Ponti, D.J., 2015, Sequence stratigraphic framework of upper pliocene to holocene sediments of the Los Angeles Basin, California: Implications for aquifer architecture, 49 p.","productDescription":"49 p.","ipdsId":"IP-042898","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341072,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341071,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pacificsectionsepm.org/?page_id=84"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591426c0e4b0e541a03e961a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ehman, Kenneth D.","contributorId":64745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehman","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Brian D. bedwards@usgs.gov","contributorId":3161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Brian","email":"bedwards@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ponti, Daniel J. 0000-0002-2437-5144 dponti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-5144","contributorId":1020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponti","given":"Daniel","email":"dponti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70156076,"text":"70156076 - 2015 - Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-14T15:57:21","indexId":"70156076","displayToPublicDate":"2008-11-05T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options","docAbstract":"Streams collect runoff, heat, and sediment from their watersheds, making them highly vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbances such as urbanization and climate change. Forecasting the effects of these disturbances using process-based models is critical to identifying the form and magnitude of likely impacts. Here, we integrate a new biotic model with four previously developed physical models (downscaled climate projections, stream hydrology, geomorphology, and water temperature) to predict how stream fish growth and reproduction will most probably respond to shifts in climate and urbanization over the next several decades.
\nThe biotic submodel couples dynamics in fish populations and habitat suitability to predict fish assemblage composition, based on readily available biotic information (preferences for habitat, temperature, and food, and characteristics of spawning) and day-to-day variability in stream conditions.
\nWe illustrate the model using Piedmont headwater streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed of the USA, projecting ten scenarios: Baseline (low urbanization; no on-going construction; and present-day climate); one Urbanization scenario (higher impervious surface, lower forest cover, significant construction activity); four future climate change scenarios [Hadley CM3 and Parallel Climate Models under medium-high (A2) and medium-low (B2) emissions scenarios]; and the same four climate change scenarios plus Urbanization.
\nUrbanization alone depressed growth or reproduction of 8 of 39 species, while climate change alone depressed 22 to 29 species. Almost every recreationally important species (i.e. trouts, basses, sunfishes) and six of the ten currently most common species were predicted to be significantly stressed. The combined effect of climate change and urbanization on adult growth was sometimes large compared to the effect of either stressor alone. Thus, the model predicts considerable change in fish assemblage composition, including loss of diversity.Synthesis and applications. The interaction of climate change and urban growth may entail significant reconfiguring of headwater streams, including a loss of ecosystem structure and services, which will be more costly than climate change alone. On local scales, stakeholders cannot control climate drivers but they can mitigate stream impacts via careful land use. Therefore, to conserve stream ecosystems, we recommend that proactive measures be taken to insure against species loss or severe population declines. Delays will inevitably exacerbate the impacts of both climate change and urbanization on headwater systems.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x","usgsCitation":"Nelson, K.C., Palmer, M., Pizzuto, J.E., Moglen, G.E., Angermeier, P.L., Hilderbrand, R.H., Dettinger, M., and Hayhoe, K., 2015, Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 46, no. 1, p. 154-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"163","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008736","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cf112ae4b01487cbfc77b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Karen C.","contributorId":32864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmer, Margaret A.","contributorId":102429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmer","given":"Margaret A.","affiliations":[{"id":13383,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 6 Solomons, Maryland 20688","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pizzuto, James E.","contributorId":49424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pizzuto","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moglen, Glenn E.","contributorId":106585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moglen","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. biota@usgs.gov","contributorId":1432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":613,"text":"Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hilderbrand, Robert H.","contributorId":140410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilderbrand","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13480,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Appalachian Laboratory, 301 Braddock Road, Frostburg, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dettinger, Mike 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Mike","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hayhoe, Katharine","contributorId":35624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayhoe","given":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":16625,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70189609,"text":"70189609 - 2014 - Laboratory constraints on models of earthquake recurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T10:14:46","indexId":"70189609","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory constraints on models of earthquake recurrence","docAbstract":"In this study, rock friction ‘stick-slip’ experiments are used to develop constraints on models of earthquake recurrence. Constant-rate loading of bare rock surfaces in high quality experiments produces stick-slip recurrence that is periodic at least to second order. When the loading rate is varied, recurrence is approximately inversely proportional to loading rate. These laboratory events initiate due to a slip rate-dependent process that also determines the size of the stress drop [Dieterich, 1979; Ruina, 1983] and as a consequence, stress drop varies weakly but systematically with loading rate [e.g., Gu and Wong, 1991; Karner and Marone, 2000; McLaskey et al., 2012]. This is especially evident in experiments where the loading rate is changed by orders of magnitude, as is thought to be the loading condition of naturally occurring, small repeating earthquakes driven by afterslip, or low-frequency earthquakes loaded by episodic slip. As follows from the previous studies referred to above, experimentally observed stress drops are well described by a logarithmic dependence on recurrence interval that can be cast as a non-linear slip-predictable model. The fault’s rate dependence of strength is the key physical parameter. Additionally, even at constant loading rate the most reproducible laboratory recurrence is not exactly periodic, unlike existing friction recurrence models. We present example laboratory catalogs that document the variance and show that in large catalogs, even at constant loading rate, stress drop and recurrence co-vary systematically. The origin of this covariance is largely consistent with variability of the dependence of fault strength on slip rate. Laboratory catalogs show aspects of both slip and time predictability and successive stress drops are strongly correlated indicating a ‘memory’ of prior slip history that extends over at least one recurrence cycle.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011184","usgsCitation":"Beeler, N.M., Tullis, T., Junger, J., Kilgore, B.D., and Goldsby, D.L., 2014, Laboratory constraints on models of earthquake recurrence: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 119, no. 12, p. 8770-8791, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011184.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"8770","endPage":"8791","ipdsId":"IP-059672","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fbbe4b0d1f9f065a8df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeler, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-3397-8481 nbeeler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":2682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"Nicholas","email":"nbeeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tullis, Terry","contributorId":194801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tullis","given":"Terry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Junger, Jenni","contributorId":194802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Junger","given":"Jenni","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kilgore, Brian D. 0000-0003-0530-7979 bkilgore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7979","contributorId":3887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilgore","given":"Brian","email":"bkilgore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldsby, David L.","contributorId":194803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldsby","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70115891,"text":"70115891 - 2014 - Response to L. Land comment on Bricker, Rice, Bricker (2014) From Headwaters to Coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary. Aquatic Geochemistry 20: 291-324","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T20:53:46.205726","indexId":"70115891","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":866,"text":"Aquatic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response to L. Land comment on Bricker, Rice, Bricker (2014) From Headwaters to Coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary. Aquatic Geochemistry 20: 291-324","docAbstract":"
Overabundance of nutrients is considered one of the top challenges to most populated coastal water bodies, including Chesapeake Bay (Executive Order 13508). As scientists, one of our responsibilities is to contribute to the discussion and evaluation of management actions that have the potential to decrease pollution with concomitant improvement of water quality. Results of our science should inform the legislative process for public policy. Bricker et al. (2014) consider the use of shellfish (i.e., oysters) to remediate nutrient pollution in the Potomac River Estuary (PRE), a tributary to Chesapeake Bay. This concept, termed bioextraction, has generated interest around the globe and has shown promise as a nutrient-removal method in other estuaries and with other shellfish species (Lindahl et al. 2005; Ferreira et al. 2009; Shumway 2011; Silva et al. 2011; Carmichael et al. 2012; Pollack et al. 2013; Rose et al. 2014).
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10498-014-9233-z","usgsCitation":"Bricker, S.B., Rice, K.C., and Bricker, I.O., 2014, Response to L. Land comment on Bricker, Rice, Bricker (2014) From Headwaters to Coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary. Aquatic Geochemistry 20: 291-324: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 20, no. 5, p. 459-463, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-014-9233-z.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"463","ipdsId":"IP-057597","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333174,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70101080","text":"From Headwaters to Coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary"}],"volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5877230be4b0315b4c11fe6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bricker, Suzanne B.","contributorId":64555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bricker","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":519031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bricker, III Owen Owen, P.","contributorId":119804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"III","suffix":"Owen, P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Owen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173497,"text":"70173497 - 2014 - Reduced disease in black abalone following mass mortality: Phage therapy and natural selection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T11:08:47","indexId":"70173497","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-18T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1702,"text":"Frontiers in Microbiology","onlineIssn":"1664-302X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduced disease in black abalone following mass mortality: Phage therapy and natural selection","docAbstract":"Black abalone, Haliotis cracherodii, populations along the NE Pacific ocean have declined due to the rickettsial disease withering syndrome (WS). Natural recovery on San Nicolas Island (SNI) of Southern California suggested the development of resistance in island populations. Experimental challenges in one treatment demonstrated that progeny of disease-selected black abalone from SNI survived better than did those from naïve black abalone from Carmel Point in mainland coastal central California. Unexpectedly, the presence of a newly observed bacteriophage infecting the WS rickettsia (WS-RLO) had strong effects on the survival of infected abalone. Specifically, presence of phage-infected RLO (RLOv) reduced the host response to infection, RLO infection loads, and associated mortality. These data suggest that the black abalone: WS-RLO relationship is evolving through dual host mechanisms of resistance to RLO infection in the digestive gland via tolerance to infection in the primary target tissue (the post-esophagus) coupled with reduced pathogenicity of the WS-RLO by phage infection, which effectively reduces the infection load in the primary target tissue by half. Sea surface temperature patterns off southern California, associated with a recent hiatus in global-scale ocean warming, do not appear to be a sufficient explanation for survival patterns in SNI black abalone. These data highlight the potential for natural recovery of abalone populations over time and that further understanding of mechanisms governing host–parasite relationships will better enable us to manage declining populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2014.00078","usgsCitation":"VanBlaricom, G.R., 2014, Reduced disease in black abalone following mass mortality: Phage therapy and natural selection: Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 5, no. 78, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00078.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054924","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00078","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323874,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"5","issue":"78","edition":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f3ae4b07657d19c7924","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70173902,"text":"70173902 - 2014 - Survival and reproduction of myxobolus cerebralis-resistant Rainbow Trout introduced to the colorado river and increased resistance of age-0 progeny","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-15T12:25:46","indexId":"70173902","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-08T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and reproduction of myxobolus cerebralis-resistant Rainbow Trout introduced to the colorado river and increased resistance of age-0 progeny","docAbstract":"Myxobolus cerebralis caused severe declines in rainbow trout populations across Colorado following its introduction in the 1980s. One promising approach for the recovery of Colorado’s rainbow trout populations has been the production of rainbow trout that are genetically resistant to the parasite. We introduced one of these resistant crosses, known as the GR×CRR (cross between the German Rainbow [GR] and Colorado River Rainbow [CRR] trout strains), to the upper Colorado River. The abundance, survival, and growth of the stocked GR×CRR population was examined to determine if GR×CRRs had contributed offspring to the age-0 population, and determine whether these offspring displayed increased resistance and survival characteristics compared to their wild CRR counterparts. Apparent survival of the introduced GR×CRR over the entire study period was estimated to be 0.007 (±0.001). Despite low survival of the GR×CRRs, age-0 progeny of the GR×CRR were encountered in years 2008 through 2011. Genetic assignments revealed a shift in the genetic composition of the rainbow trout fry population over time, with CRR fish comprising the entirety of the fry population in 2007, and GR-cross fish comprising nearly 80% of the fry population in 2011. A decrease in average infection severity (myxospores fish−1) was observed concurrent with the shift in the genetic composition of the rainbow trout fry population, decreasing from an average of 47,708 (±8,950) myxospores fish−1 in 2009 to 2,672 (±4,379) myxospores fish−1 in 2011. Results from this experiment suggest that the GR×CRR can survive and reproduce in rivers with a high prevalence of M. cerebralis. In addition, reduced myxospore burdens in age-0 fish indicated that stocking this cross may ultimately lead to an overall reduction in infection prevalence and severity in the salmonid populations of the upper Colorado River.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","publisherLocation":"San Francisco","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0096954","usgsCitation":"Winkelman, D.L., Fetherman, E.R., Baerwald, M.R., and Schisler, G.J., 2014, Survival and reproduction of myxobolus cerebralis-resistant Rainbow Trout introduced to the colorado river and increased resistance of age-0 progeny: PLoS ONE, e96954; 11 p, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096954.","productDescription":"e96954; 11 p","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053677","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096954","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323681,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Mexico","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Southwestern United States, tip of northwestern Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.74072265625,\n 32.45415593941475\n ],\n [\n -116.74072265625,\n 41.95131994679697\n ],\n [\n -105.22705078125,\n 41.95131994679697\n ],\n [\n -105.22705078125,\n 32.45415593941475\n ],\n [\n -116.74072265625,\n 32.45415593941475\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c38e4b07657d19a6a15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winkelman, Dana L. 0000-0002-5247-0114 danaw@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5247-0114","contributorId":4141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkelman","given":"Dana","email":"danaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":639014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fetherman, Eric R.","contributorId":15096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fetherman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baerwald, Melinda R.","contributorId":171890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baerwald","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schisler, George J.","contributorId":32432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schisler","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173668,"text":"70173668 - 2014 - When to be discrete: The importance of time formulation in understanding animal movement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T09:57:47","indexId":"70173668","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"When to be discrete: The importance of time formulation in understanding animal movement","docAbstract":"Animal movement is essential to our understanding of population dynamics, animal behavior, and the impacts of global change. Coupled with high-resolution biotelemetry data, exciting new inferences about animal movement have been facilitated by various specifications of contemporary models. These approaches differ, but most share common themes. One key distinction is whether the underlying movement process is conceptualized in discrete or continuous time. This is perhaps the greatest source of confusion among practitioners, both in terms of implementation and biological interpretation. In general, animal movement occurs in continuous time but we observe it at fixed discrete-time intervals. Thus, continuous time is conceptually and theoretically appealing, but in practice it is perhaps more intuitive to interpret movement in discrete intervals. With an emphasis on state-space models, we explore the differences and similarities between continuous and discrete versions of mechanistic movement models, establish some common terminology, and indicate under which circumstances one form might be preferred over another. Counter to the overly simplistic view that discrete- and continuous-time conceptualizations are merely different means to the same end, we present novel mathematical results revealing hitherto unappreciated consequences of model formulation on inferences about animal movement. Notably, the speed and direction of movement are intrinsically linked in current continuous-time random walk formulations, and this can have important implications when interpreting animal behavior. We illustrate these concepts in the context of state-space models with multiple movement behavior states using northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) biotelemetry data.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/s40462-014-0021-6","usgsCitation":"McClintock, B.T., Johnson, D., Hooten, M., Ver Hoef, J.M., and Morales, J.M., 2014, When to be discrete: The importance of time formulation in understanding animal movement: Movement Ecology, v. 2, no. 21, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-014-0021-6.","productDescription":"14 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054164","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-014-0021-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323248,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"21","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5759423ae4b04f417c256a1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClintock, Brett T. 0000-0001-6154-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6154-4376","contributorId":83785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClintock","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":637821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Devin S.","contributorId":47524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Devin S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ver Hoef, Jay M.","contributorId":42504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ver Hoef","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morales, Juan M.","contributorId":171521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morales","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70137858,"text":"70137858 - 2014 - Ancient fish and recent invaders: white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus diet response to invasive-species-mediated changes in a benthic prey assemblage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-14T09:24:01","indexId":"70137858","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ancient fish and recent invaders: white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus diet response to invasive-species-mediated changes in a benthic prey assemblage","docAbstract":"Invasive organisms can have significant impacts on native species, and the San Francisco Estuary (SFE), California, USA, is one of the world's most invaded estuaries. Decline of native white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus abundance in the SFE has been acknowledged, but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Invasion by the overbite clam Potamocorbula amurensis has drastically altered the SFE benthic prey community, yet little is known about how this change has affected sturgeon diets. We investigated changes in the diet of white sturgeon following the overbite clam invasion and subsequent shift in the SFE benthic prey assemblage. Gut content analysis was used to compare white sturgeon prey composition and importance between the pre- and post-invasion periods. Additionally, stable isotope analysis was employed to estimate the assimilation of prey items to sturgeon biomass. Overbite clams dominated diets in the post-invasion period, accounting for 82 to 93% of total volume. Stable isotope analysis confirmed the importance of this prey item, although their assimilated contribution to sturgeon biomass was estimated to be less (70 to 83%) than gut contents indicated. The frequency of fish in white sturgeon guts increased in the post-invasion period, and isotope analysis indicated relatively large contributions of fish to sturgeon biomass (3.7 to 19%). The trophic adaptability of white sturgeon has allowed them to exploit this new prey source (overbite clam). Future conservation and restoration efforts must consider a potentially destabilized food web given the large importance of a single prey item.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","publisherLocation":"Oldendorf, Germany","doi":"10.3354/meps11002","usgsCitation":"Zeug, S.C., Brodsky, A., Kogut, N., Stewart, A.R., and Merz, J., 2014, Ancient fish and recent invaders: white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus diet response to invasive-species-mediated changes in a benthic prey assemblage: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 514, p. 163-174, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057136","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472511,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297218,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v514/p163-174/"}],"volume":"514","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565ec4ade4b071e7ea544403","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zeug, Steven C","contributorId":138647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zeug","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":12475,"text":"Cramer Fish Sciences, Auburn, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brodsky, Annie","contributorId":138648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brodsky","given":"Annie","affiliations":[{"id":12475,"text":"Cramer Fish Sciences, Auburn, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kogut, Nina","contributorId":138649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kogut","given":"Nina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stewart, A. Robin 0000-0003-2918-546X arstewar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2918-546X","contributorId":1482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"A.","email":"arstewar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robin","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40553,"text":"WMA - Office of the Chief Operating Officer","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Merz, Joe","contributorId":138650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merz","given":"Joe","affiliations":[{"id":12475,"text":"Cramer Fish Sciences, Auburn, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}