{"pageNumber":"1437","pageRowStart":"35900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165240,"records":[{"id":70046538,"text":"sir20135123 - 2013 - Hydrogeologic framework, arsenic distribution, and groundwater geochemistry of the glacial-sediment aquifer at the Auburn Road landfill superfund site, Londonderry, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-14T09:26:49","indexId":"sir20135123","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5123","title":"Hydrogeologic framework, arsenic distribution, and groundwater geochemistry of the glacial-sediment aquifer at the Auburn Road landfill superfund site, Londonderry, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"Leachate continues to be generated from landfills at the Auburn Road Landfill Superfund Site in Londonderry, New Hampshire. Impermeable caps on the three landfills at the site inhibit direct infiltration of precipitation; however, high water-table conditions allow groundwater to interact with landfill materials from below, creating leachate and ultimately reducing conditions in downgradient groundwater. Reducing conditions can facilitate arsenic transport by allowing it to stay in solution or by liberating arsenic adsorbed to surfaces and from geologic sources, such as glacial sediments and bedrock.\n\nThe site occupies a 180-acre parcel of land containing streams, ponds, wetlands, and former gravel pits located in glacial sediment. Four areas, totaling 14 acres, including three landfills and one septage lagoon, were used for waste disposal. The site was closed in 1980 after volatile organic compounds associated with industrial waste dumping were detected. The site was added to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Priority List in 1982, and the landfills were capped in 1996. Although volatile organic compound concentrations in groundwater have declined substantially, some measurable concentrations remain. Temporally variable and persistent elevated arsenic concentrations have been measured in groundwater affected by the landfill leachate.\n\nMicrobial consumption of carbon found in leachate is a driver of reducing conditions that liberate arsenic at the site. In addition to sources of carbon in landfill leachate, wetland areas throughout the site also could contribute carbon to groundwater, but it is currently unknown if any of the wetland areas have downward or reversing gradients that could allow the infiltration of surface water to groundwater. Red-stained sediments and water indicate iron-rich groundwater discharge to surface water and are also associated with elevated concentrations of arsenic in sediment and groundwater. Ironrich groundwater seeps have been observed in the wetland, streams, and pond downgradient of the landfills. Piezometers were installed in some of these locations to confirm groundwater discharge, measure vertical-flow gradients, and to provide a way to sample the discharging groundwater.\n\nUnderstanding the movement of leachate in groundwater is complicated by the presence of preferential flow paths through aquifer materials with differing hydraulic properties; these preferential flow paths can affect rates of recharge, geochemical conditions, and contaminant fluxes. In areas adjacent to the three capped landfills, infiltration of precipitation containing oxygenated water through permeable deltaic sediments in the former gravel pit area causes increases in dissolved oxygen concentrations and decreases in arsenic concentrations. Layered deltaic sediments produce anisotropic hydraulic characteristics and zones of high hydraulic conductivity. The glacial-sediment aquifer also includes glaciolacustrine sediments that have low permeability and limit infiltration at the surface\n\nDischarge of leachate-affected groundwater may be limited in areas of organic muck on the bottom of Whispering Pines Pond because the muck may act as a semiconfining layer. Geophysical survey results were used to identify several areas with continuous beds of muck and an underlying highresistivity layer on top of a layer of low resistivity that may represent leachate-affected groundwater. The high-resistivity layer is likely groundwater associated with oxygenated recharge, which would cause arsenic to adsorb onto aquifer sediments and reduce concentrations of dissolved arsenic in groundwater.\n\nSurface and borehole geophysical data collected in 2011 were used to identify potentially high-permeability or contaminated zones in the aquifer (preferential flowpaths) as well as low-permeability zones that may promote contamination through back diffusion. Some groundwater in parts of the glacial-sediment aquifer where the leachate plumes were present had low electrical resistivity, low dissolved oxygen, and high concentrations of arsenic. Low-resistivity zones in the underlying bedrock were associated with fractures that also may contain leachate. Although surveying the fractured bedrock was not a specific objective of this study, the results suggest that such a survey would help to determine if leachate and associated concentrations of arsenic are migrating downward into the fractured-bedrock-aquifer system.\n\nAn uncalibrated, one-dimensional, reactive-transport model was used to assess several conditions that affect arsenic mobility. The results indicate that reductive dissolution and desorption from glacial sediments control dissolved arsenic concentrations. Parameter sensitivity analysis was used to identify key data that are needed in order to accurately assess the time required for arsenic concentrations to fall to levels below the maximum contaminant level at the site. Quantifying this time will require accurate characterization of carbon, sediment-surface sorption sites, and groundwater fluxes at the site.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135123","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services and in collaboration with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Degnan, J.R., and Harte, P.T., 2013, Hydrogeologic framework, arsenic distribution, and groundwater geochemistry of the glacial-sediment aquifer at the Auburn Road landfill superfund site, Londonderry, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5123, vii, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135123.","productDescription":"vii, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"70","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273707,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135123.gif"},{"id":273705,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5123/"},{"id":273706,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5123/pdf/sir2013-5123_report_508.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","city":"Londonderry","otherGeospatial":"Auburn Road Landfill","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.358333,42.929167 ], [ -71.358333,42.940278 ], [ -71.345833,42.940278 ], [ -71.345833,42.929167 ], [ -71.358333,42.929167 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51bc2d5ce4b0c04034a01c78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Degnan, James R. 0000-0002-5665-9010 jrdegnan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5665-9010","contributorId":498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Degnan","given":"James","email":"jrdegnan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harte, Philip T. 0000-0002-7718-1204 ptharte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-1204","contributorId":1008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harte","given":"Philip","email":"ptharte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046521,"text":"70046521 - 2013 - The occurrence of the rat lungworm, <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i>, in nonindigenous snails in the Gulf of Mexico region of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T21:25:20","indexId":"70046521","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1880,"text":"Hawai'i Journal of Medicine & Public Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The occurrence of the rat lungworm, <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i>, in nonindigenous snails in the Gulf of Mexico region of the United States","docAbstract":"<p>Nonindigenous apple snails, <i>Pomacea maculata</i> (formerly <i>Pomacea insularum</i>), are currently spreading rapidly through the southeastern United States. This mollusk serves as an intermediate host of the rat lungworm parasite (<i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis)</i>, which can cause eosinophilic meningitis in humans who consume infected mollusks. A PCR-based detection assay was used to test nonindigenous apple snails for the rat lungworm parasite in Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi, and Florida. Only apple snails obtained from the New Orleans, Louisiana, area tested positive for the parasite. These results provide the first evidence that <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i> does occur in nonindigenous apple snails in the southeastern United States. Additionally, <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i> was identified in the terrestrial species <i>Achatina fulica</i> in Miami, Florida, indicating that rat lungworm is now established in Florida as well as Louisiana. Although the study suggests that the rat lungworm is not widespread in the Gulf States region, the infected snail population could still pose a risk to human health and facilitate the spread of the parasite to new areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University Clinical, Education & Research Associates (UCERA)","usgsCitation":"Teem, J.L., Qvarnstrom, Y., Bishop, H.S., da Silva, A.J., Carter, J., White-McLean, J., and Smith, T., 2013, The occurrence of the rat lungworm, <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i>, in nonindigenous snails in the Gulf of Mexico region of the United States: Hawai'i Journal of Medicine & Public Health, v. 72, no. 6, p. 11-14.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039402","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273704,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273703,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.hjmph.org/HJMPH_Jun13Suppl2.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.0,18.2 ], [ -100.0,34.5 ], [ -77.0,34.5 ], [ -77.0,18.2 ], [ -100.0,18.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"72","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51badc54e4b02914c2497f6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teem, John L.","contributorId":107177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teem","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qvarnstrom, Yvonne","contributorId":9944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qvarnstrom","given":"Yvonne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bishop, Henry S.","contributorId":23049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"da Silva, Alexandre J.","contributorId":17901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"da Silva","given":"Alexandre","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carter, Jacoby 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":2399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Jacoby","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"White-McLean, Jodi","contributorId":92154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White-McLean","given":"Jodi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Trevor","contributorId":50069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Trevor","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70046537,"text":"ofr20131067 - 2013 - 2010 Joint United States-Canadian Program to explore the limits of the Extended Continental Shelf aboard U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy--Cruise HLY1002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-13T21:22:59","indexId":"ofr20131067","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1067","title":"2010 Joint United States-Canadian Program to explore the limits of the Extended Continental Shelf aboard U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy--Cruise HLY1002","docAbstract":"In August and September 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Natural Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, conducted bathymetric and geophysical surveys in the Beaufort Sea and eastern Arctic Ocean aboard the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy. The principal objective of this mission to the high Arctic was to acquire data in support of a delineation of the outer limits of the U.S. and Canadian Extended Continental Shelf in the Arctic Ocean, in accordance with the provisions of Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.\n\nThe Healy was accompanied by the Canadian Coast Guard icebreaker Louis S. St-Laurent. The scientific parties on board the two vessels consisted principally of staff from the U.S. Geological Survey (Healy), and the Geological Survey of Canada and the Canadian Hydrographic Service (Louis). The crew also included marine-mammal observers, Native-community observers, ice observers, and biologists conducting research of opportunity in the Arctic Ocean.\n\nDespite interruptions necessitated by three medical emergencies, the joint survey proved largely successful. The Healy collected 7,201 trackline-kilometers of swath (multibeam) bathymetry (47,663 square kilometers) and CHIRP subbottom data, with accompanying marine gravity measurements, and expendable bathythermograph data. The Louis acquired 3,673 trackline-kilometers of multichannel seismic (airgun) deep-penetration reflection data along 25 continuous profiles, as well as 34 sonobuoy refraction stations and 9,500 trackline-kilometers of single-beam bathymetry. The coordinated efforts of the two vessels resulted in seismic-reflection-profile data that were of much higher quality and continuity than if the data had been acquired with a single vessel alone. The equipment-failure rate of the seismic equipment aboard the Louis was greatly reduced when the Healy led as the ice breaker. When ice conditions proved too severe to deploy the seismic system, the Louis led the Healy, resulting in much improved quality of the swath bathymetric and CHIRP subbottom data in comparison with data collected either by the Healy in the lead or the Healy working alone.\n\nDuring periods when the Healy was operating alone (principally when the Louis was diverted for emergency medical evacuations or ship repairs), the Healy was able to deploy a piston-core-sampler (10 meters maximum potential recovery depending on configuration). The coring operations resulted in recovery of cores at five locations ranging from 2.4 to 5.7 meters in length from water depths ranging from 1,157 to 3,700 meters. One of these cores sited on the Alaskan margin recovered the first reported occurrence of methane hydrate from the Arctic Ocean.\n\nAncillary science objectives, including ice observations and deployment of ice-monitoring buoys and water-column sampling to measure acidification of Arctic waters were successfully conducted. The water-column sampling included using 10 full-ocean-depth, water-sampling casts with accompanying conductivity-temperature-depth measurements.\n\nExcept for the data deemed proprietary, data from the cruise have been archived and are available for download at the National Geophysical Data Center and at cooperating organizations.\n\nOutreach staff and guest teachers aboard the two vessels provided near-real-time connection between the research activities and the public through online blogs, web pages, and other media.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131067","usgsCitation":"Edwards, B.D., Childs, J.R., Triezenberg, P., Danforth, W.W., and Gibbons, H., 2013, 2010 Joint United States-Canadian Program to explore the limits of the Extended Continental Shelf aboard U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy--Cruise HLY1002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1067, iv, 26 p.; 8 Appendixes; Figure 4, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131067.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p.; 8 Appendixes; Figure 4","numberOfPages":"30","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2010-08-02","temporalEnd":"2010-09-06","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273689,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/"},{"id":273691,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067_appA.pdf"},{"id":273690,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067.pdf"},{"id":273692,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067_appB.pdf"},{"id":273693,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067_appC.pdf"},{"id":273694,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067_appD.pdf"},{"id":273695,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067_appE.pdf"},{"id":273696,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067_appF.pdf"},{"id":273697,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067_appG.pdf"},{"id":273698,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067_appH.pdf"},{"id":273699,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1067/pdf/ofr20131067_Fig4.pdf"},{"id":273700,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131067.png"}],"country":"United States;Canada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -132.0,79.75 ], [ -132.0,80.75 ], [ -127.0,80.75 ], [ -127.0,79.75 ], [ -132.0,79.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4925e4b0b290850eeead","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Brian D. bedwards@usgs.gov","contributorId":3161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Brian","email":"bedwards@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Childs, Jonathan R. jchilds@usgs.gov","contributorId":3155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"Jonathan","email":"jchilds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Triezenberg, Peter J.","contributorId":32625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triezenberg","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Danforth, William W. 0000-0002-6382-9487 bdanforth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6382-9487","contributorId":3292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"William","email":"bdanforth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gibbons, Helen hgibbons@usgs.gov","contributorId":912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Helen","email":"hgibbons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046519,"text":"70046519 - 2013 - Microbial community composition and endolith colonization at an Arctic thermal spring are driven by calcite precipitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-23T13:33:55","indexId":"70046519","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1549,"text":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbial community composition and endolith colonization at an Arctic thermal spring are driven by calcite precipitation","docAbstract":"Environmental conditions shape community composition. Arctic thermal springs provide an opportunity to study how environmental gradients can impose strong selective pressures on microbial communities and provide a continuum of niche opportunities. We use microscopic and molecular methods to conduct a survey of microbial community composition at Troll Springs on Svalbard, Norway, in the high Arctic. Microorganisms there exist under a wide range of environmental conditions: in warm water as periphyton, in moist granular materials, and in cold, dry rock as endoliths. Troll Springs has two distinct ecosystems, aquatic and terrestrial, together in close proximity, with different underlying environmental factors shaping each microbial community. Periphyton are entrapped during precipitation of calcium carbonate from the spring's waters, providing microbial populations that serve as precursors for the development of endolithic communities. This process differs from most endolith colonization, in which the rock predates the communities that colonize it. Community composition is modulated as environmental conditions change within the springs. At Troll, the aquatic environments show a small number of dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that are specific to each sample. The terrestrial environments show a more even distribution of OTUs common to multiple samples.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.12063","usgsCitation":"Starke, V., Kirshtein, J., Fogel, M.L., and Steele, A., 2013, Microbial community composition and endolith colonization at an Arctic thermal spring are driven by calcite precipitation: Environmental Microbiology Reports, v. 5, no. 5, p. 648-659, https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12063.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"648","endPage":"659","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-031295","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273702,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273701,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12063"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,51.2 ], [ -180.0,84.0 ], [ 180.0,84.0 ], [ 180.0,51.2 ], [ -180.0,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51badc53e4b02914c2497f6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starke, Verena","contributorId":89792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starke","given":"Verena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirshtein, Julie","contributorId":104371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirshtein","given":"Julie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fogel, Marilyn L.","contributorId":99699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogel","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steele, Andrew","contributorId":23830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044589,"text":"70044589 - 2013 - Climate change winners: receding ice fields facilitate colony expansion and altered dynamics in an Adélie penguin metapopulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-13T13:54:25","indexId":"70044589","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change winners: receding ice fields facilitate colony expansion and altered dynamics in an Adélie penguin metapopulation","docAbstract":"There will be winners and losers as climate change alters the habitats of polar organisms. For an Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony on Beaufort Island (Beaufort), part of a cluster of colonies in the southern Ross Sea, we report a recent population increase in response to increased nesting habitat as glaciers have receded. Emigration rates of birds banded as chicks on Beaufort to colonies on nearby Ross Island decreased after 2005 as available habitat on Beaufort increased, leading to altered dynamics of the metapopulation. Using aerial photography beginning in 1958 and modern satellite imagery, we measured change in area of available nesting habitat and population size of the Beaufort colony. Population size varied with available habitat, and both increased rapidly since the 1990s. In accord with glacial retreat, summer temperatures at nearby McMurdo Station increased by ~0.50°C per decade since the mid-1980s. Although the Ross Sea is likely to be the last ocean with an intact ecosystem, the recent retreat of ice fields at Beaufort that resulted in increased breeding habitat exemplifies a process that has been underway in the Ross Sea during the entire Holocene. Furthermore, our results are in line with predictions that major ice shelves and glaciers will retreat rapidly elsewhere in the Antarctic, potentially leading to increased breeding habitat for Adélie penguins. Results further indicated that satellite imagery may be used to estimate large changes in Adélie penguin populations, facilitating our understanding of metapopulation dynamics and environmental factors that influence regional populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0060568","usgsCitation":"LaRue, M.A., Ainley, D.G., Swanson, M., Dugger, K.M., Lyber, P.O., Barton, K., and Ballard, G., 2013, Climate change winners: receding ice fields facilitate colony expansion and altered dynamics in an Adélie penguin metapopulation: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 4, e60568, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060568.","productDescription":"e60568","ipdsId":"IP-041218","costCenters":[{"id":517,"text":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473747,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060568","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273686,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060568"}],"otherGeospatial":"Ross Sea;Beaufort Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -160.0,66.0 ], [ -160.0,90.0 ], [ 150.0,90.0 ], [ 150.0,66.0 ], [ -160.0,66.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51badc15e4b02914c2497f63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaRue, Michelle A.","contributorId":20634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaRue","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ainley, David G.","contributorId":32039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":34154,"text":"Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Stinson Beach, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":475921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Matt","contributorId":37624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":36037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":517,"text":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lyber, Phil O’B.","contributorId":7594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyber","given":"Phil","email":"","middleInitial":"O’B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barton, Kerry","contributorId":65746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Kerry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ballard, Grant","contributorId":40499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"Grant","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70040802,"text":"70040802 - 2013 - How runoff begins (and ends): characterizing hydrologic response at the catchment scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-15T09:41:16","indexId":"70040802","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How runoff begins (and ends): characterizing hydrologic response at the catchment scale","docAbstract":"Improved understanding of the complex dynamics associated with spatially and temporally variable runoff response is needed to better understand the hydrology component of interdisciplinary problems. The objective of this study was to quantitatively characterize the environmental controls on runoff generation for the range of different streamflow-generation mechanisms illustrated in the classic Dunne diagram. The comprehensive physics-based model of coupled surface-subsurface flow, InHM, is employed in a heuristic mode. InHM has been employed previously to successfully simulate the observed hydrologic response at four diverse, well-characterized catchments, which provides the foundation for this study. The C3 and CB catchments are located within steep, forested terrain; the TW and R5 catchments are located in gently sloping rangeland. The InHM boundary-value problems for these four catchments provide the corner-stones for alternative simulation scenarios designed to address the question of how runoff begins (and ends). Simulated rainfall-runoff events are used to systematically explore the impact of soil-hydraulic properties and rainfall characteristics. This approach facilitates quantitative analysis of both integrated and distributed hydrologic responses at high-spatial and temporal resolution over the wide range of environmental conditions represented by the four catchments. The results from 140 unique simulation scenarios illustrate how rainfall intensity/depth, subsurface permeability contrasts, characteristic curve shapes, and topography provide important controls on the hydrologic-response dynamics. The processes by which runoff begins (and ends) are shown, in large part, to be defined by the relative rates of rainfall, infiltration, lateral flow convergence, and storage dynamics within the variably saturated soil layers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20218","usgsCitation":"Mirus, B.B., and Loague, K., 2013, How runoff begins (and ends): characterizing hydrologic response at the catchment scale: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 5, p. 2987-3006, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20218.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"2987","endPage":"3006","ipdsId":"IP-042285","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20218","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273681,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273680,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20218"}],"volume":"49","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51badc16e4b02914c2497f67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loague, Keith","contributorId":22408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loague","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70118255,"text":"70118255 - 2013 - Characterisation of the Permafrost Carbon Pool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-28T09:56:29","indexId":"70118255","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3032,"text":"Permafrost and Periglacial Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterisation of the Permafrost Carbon Pool","docAbstract":"The current estimate of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in the northern permafrost region of 1672 Petagrams (Pg) C is much larger than previously reported and needs to be incorporated in global soil carbon (C) inventories. The Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database (NCSCD), extended to include the range 0–300 cm, is now available online for wider use by the scientific community. An important future aim is to provide quantitative uncertainty ranges for C pool estimates. Recent studies have greatly improved understanding of the regional patterns, landscape distribution and vertical (soil horizon) partitioning of the permafrost C pool in the upper 3 m of soils. However, the deeper C pools in unconsolidated Quaternary deposits need to be better constrained. A general lability classification of the permafrost C pool should be developed to address potential C release upon thaw. The permafrost C pool and its dynamics are beginning to be incorporated into Earth System models, although key periglacial processes such as thermokarst still need to be properly represented to obtain a better quantification of the full permafrost C feedback on global climate change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Permafrost and Periglacial Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","publisherLocation":"Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/ppp.1782","usgsCitation":"Kuhry, P., Grosse, G., Harden, J., Hugelius, G., Koven, C., Ping, C., Schirrmeister, L., and Tarnocai, C., 2013, Characterisation of the Permafrost Carbon Pool: Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, v. 24, no. 2, p. 146-155, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1782.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"155","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":473748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1782","text":"External Repository"},{"id":291108,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291107,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1782"}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f2cbe4b0bc0bec0a05d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuhry, P.","contributorId":57277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhry","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grosse, G.","contributorId":82140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hugelius, G.","contributorId":27338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hugelius","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koven, C.D.","contributorId":34017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koven","given":"C.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ping, C.-L.","contributorId":60843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ping","given":"C.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schirrmeister, L.","contributorId":41355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schirrmeister","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tarnocai, C.","contributorId":67391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarnocai","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70046471,"text":"ofr20131058 - 2013 - Regional maps of subsurface geopressure gradients of the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-12T21:18:17","indexId":"ofr20131058","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1058","title":"Regional maps of subsurface geopressure gradients of the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey created a comprehensive geopressure-gradient model of the regional pressure system spanning the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin, USA. This model was used to generate ten maps that included (1) five contour maps characterizing the depth to the surface defined by the first occurrence of isopressure gradients ranging from 0.60 psi/ft to 1.00 psi/ft, in 0.10-psi/ft increments; and (2) five supporting maps illustrating the spatial density of the data used to construct the contour maps. These contour maps of isopressure-gradients at various increments enable the identification and quantification of the occurrence, magnitude, location, and depth of the subsurface pressure system, which allows for the broad characterization of regions exhibiting overpressured, underpressured, and normally pressured strata.\n\nIdentification of overpressured regions is critical for exploration and evaluation of potential undiscovered hydrocarbon accumulations based on petroleum-generation pressure signatures and pressure-retention properties of reservoir seals. Characterization of normally pressured regions is essential for field development decisions such as determining the dominant production drive mechanisms, evaluating well placement and drainage patterns, and deciding on well stimulation methods such as hydraulic fracturing. Identification of underpressured regions is essential for evaluating the feasibility of geological sequestration and long-term containment of fluids such as supercritical carbon dioxide for alternative disposal methods of greenhouse gases.\n\nThis study is the first, quantitative investigation of the regional pressure systems of one of the most important petroleum provinces in the United States. Although this methodology was developed for pressure studies in the Gulf of Mexico basin, it is applicable to any basin worldwide.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131058","usgsCitation":"Burke, L.A., Kinney, S.A., Dubiel, R.F., and Pitman, J.K., 2013, Regional maps of subsurface geopressure gradients of the onshore and offshore Gulf of Mexico basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1058, Maps: 3 Sheets: 89 x 41 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131058.","productDescription":"Maps: 3 Sheets: 89 x 41 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273663,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1058/OFR13-1058_sheet2.pdf"},{"id":273664,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1058/OFR13-1058_sheet3.pdf"},{"id":273661,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1058/"},{"id":273662,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1058/OFR13-1058_sheet1.pdf"},{"id":273665,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131058.png"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.9,18.2 ], [ -97.9,30.4 ], [ -81.0,30.4 ], [ -81.0,18.2 ], [ -97.9,18.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5ee4b07b9df6070f3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burke, Lauri A. 0000-0002-2035-8048 lburke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-8048","contributorId":3859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Lauri","email":"lburke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinney, Scott A. 0000-0001-5008-5813 skinney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-5813","contributorId":1395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinney","given":"Scott","email":"skinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubiel, Russell F. 0000-0002-1280-0350 rdubiel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-0350","contributorId":1294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubiel","given":"Russell","email":"rdubiel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046417,"text":"70046417 - 2013 - Rediscovering traditional vegetation management in preserves: trading experiences between cultures and continents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-12T10:56:44","indexId":"70046417","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rediscovering traditional vegetation management in preserves: trading experiences between cultures and continents","docAbstract":"Land managers are grappling with massive changes in vegetation structure, particularly in protected areas formerly subjected to fire and grazing. The objective of this review was to compare notes on the historical and current management of ecosystems around the world (especially in wet to dry grasslands in the Americas, Australia, Africa, Europe and Asia) with respect to the usage of fire, grazing and cutting to reduce dominance and support the biodiversity of rare species. This review suggests that former disturbances, which are now often lost, may have once kept tall vegetation from pushing out rarer subdominant species. In cases where prehistoric biodiversity depended on fire or large ungulate grazing, traditional agricultural and indigenous practices may have carried biodiversity forward to historical times by mimicking pre-cultural disturbances (e.g., lightning fire and bison grazing). Ironically, biodiversity related to species richness, landscape heterogeneity and function may decline in preserves, especially if traditional management once maintained this biodiversity. Managers can benefit from a cross-continental comparison of the full arsenal of management techniques used to control encroaching vegetation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2012.10.003","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B.A., 2013, Rediscovering traditional vegetation management in preserves: trading experiences between cultures and continents: Biological Conservation, v. 158, p. 271-279, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.10.003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"279","ipdsId":"IP-033495","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.10.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273617,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.10.003"}],"volume":"158","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5ee4b07b9df6070f3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046477,"text":"70046477 - 2013 - Characterization and conceptualization of groundwater flow systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-05T15:42:23.360562","indexId":"70046477","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"Characterization and conceptualization of groundwater flow systems","docAbstract":"This chapter discusses some of the fundamental concepts, data needs and approaches that aid in developing a general understanding of a groundwater system. Principles of the hydrological cycle are reviewed; the processes of recharge and discharge in aquifer systems; types of geological, hydrological and hydraulic data needed to describe the hydrogeological framework of an aquifer system; factors affecting the distribution of recharge to aquifers; and uses of groundwater chemistry, geochemical modelling, environmental tracers and age interpretations in groundwater studies. Together, these concepts and observations aid in developing a conceptualization of groundwater flow systems and provide input to the development of numerical models of a flow system. Conceptualization of the geology, hydrology, geochemistry, and hydrogeological and hydrochemical framework can be quite useful in planning, study design, guiding sampling campaigns, acquisition of new data and, ultimately, developing numerical models capable of assessing a wide variety of societal issues — for example, sustainability of groundwater resources in response to real or planned withdrawals from the system, CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration or other waste isolation issues (such as nuclear waste disposal).","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotope Methods for Dating Old Groundwater","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Atomic Energy Agency","publisherLocation":"Vienna, Austria","usgsCitation":"Plummer, N., Sanford, W., and Glynn, P.D., 2013, Characterization and conceptualization of groundwater flow systems, chap. 2 <i>of</i> Isotope Methods for Dating Old Groundwater, p. 5-19.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-021043","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273666,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www-pub.iaea.org/books/iaeabooks/8880/Isotope-Methods-for-Dating-Old-Groundwater"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a58e4b07b9df6070f0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glynn, P. D.","contributorId":7008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glynn","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044082,"text":"70044082 - 2013 - Interacting coastal based ecosystem services: recreation and water quality in Puget Sound, WA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-12T15:39:57","indexId":"70044082","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interacting coastal based ecosystem services: recreation and water quality in Puget Sound, WA","docAbstract":"Coastal recreation and water quality are major contributors to human well-being in coastal regions. They can also interact, creating opportunities for ecosystem based management, ecological restoration, and water quality improvement that can positively affect people and the environment. Yet the effect of environmental quality on human behavior is often poorly quantified, but commonly assumed in coastal ecosystem service studies. To clarify this effect we investigate a water quality dataset for evidence that environmental condition partially explains variation in recreational visitation, our indicator of human behavior. In Puget Sound, WA, we investigate variation in visitation in both visitation rate and fixed effects (FE) models. The visitation rate model relates the differences in annual recreational visitation among parks to environmental conditions, park characteristics, travel cost, and recreational demand. In our FE model we control for all time-invariant unobserved variables and compare monthly variation at the park level to determine how water quality affects visitation during the summer season. The results of our first model illustrate how visitation relates to various amenities and costs. In the FE analysis, monthly visitation was negatively related to water quality while controlling for monthly visitation trends. This indicates people are responding to changes in water quality, and an improvement would yield an increase in the value of recreation. Together, these results could help in prioritizing water quality improvements, could assist the creation of new parks or the modification of existing recreational infrastructure, and provide quantitative estimates for the expected benefits from potential changes in recreational visitation and water quality improvements. Our results also provide an example of how recreational visitation can be quantified and used in ecosystem service assessments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0056670","usgsCitation":"Kreitler, J., Papenfus, M., Byrd, K., and Labiosa, W., 2013, Interacting coastal based ecosystem services: recreation and water quality in Puget Sound, WA: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 2, e56670, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056670.","productDescription":"e56670","ipdsId":"IP-030510","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056670","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273657,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056670"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.73,46.77 ], [ -124.73,49.23 ], [ -121.67,49.23 ], [ -121.67,46.77 ], [ -124.73,46.77 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5de4b07b9df6070f2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kreitler, Jason","contributorId":68205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreitler","given":"Jason","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papenfus, Michael","contributorId":20636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papenfus","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byrd, Kristin","contributorId":82053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrd","given":"Kristin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Labiosa, William","contributorId":26421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labiosa","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046480,"text":"70046480 - 2013 - Numerical flow models and their calibration using tracer based ages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T17:18:38.913441","indexId":"70046480","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"Numerical flow models and their calibration using tracer based ages","docAbstract":"Any estimate of ‘age’ of a groundwater sample based on environmental tracers requires some form of geochemical model to interpret the tracer chemistry (chapter 3) and is, therefore, referred to in this chapter as a tracer model age. the tracer model age of a groundwater sample can be useful for obtaining information on the residence time and replenishment rate of an aquifer system, but that type of data is most useful when it can be incorporated with all other information that is known about the groundwater system under study. groundwater fl ow models are constructed of aquifer systems because they are usually the best way of incorporating all of the known information about the system in the context of a mathematical framework that constrains the model to follow the known laws of physics and chemistry as they apply to groundwater flow and transport. It is important that the purpose or objective of the study be identified first before choosing the type and complexity of the model to be constructed, and to make sure such a model is necessary. The purpose of a modelling study is most often to characterize the system within a numerical framework, such that the hydrological responses of the system can be tested under potential stresses that might be imposed given future development scenarios. As this manual discusses dating as it applies to old groundwater, most readers are likely to be interested in studying regional groundwater flow systems and their water resource potential.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotope Methods for Dating Old Groundwater","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Atomic Energy Agency","publisherLocation":"Vienna, Austria","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W., 2013, Numerical flow models and their calibration using tracer based ages, chap. 10 <i>of</i> Isotope Methods for Dating Old Groundwater, p. 245-258.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"258","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273673,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273672,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www-pub.iaea.org/books/iaeabooks/8880/Isotope-Methods-for-Dating-Old-Groundwater"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5de4b07b9df6070f32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, W.","contributorId":76490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046479,"text":"70046479 - 2013 - Radiocarbon dating in groundwater systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-05T15:39:55.71364","indexId":"70046479","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"4","title":"Radiocarbon dating in groundwater systems","docAbstract":"The radioactive isotope of carbon, radiocarbon (<sup>14</sup>C), was first produced artificially in 1940 by Martin Kamen and Sam Ruben, who bombarded graphite in a cyclotron at the Radiation Laboratory at Berkeley, CA, in an attempt to produce a radioactive isotope of carbon that could be used as a tracer in biological systems (Kamen (1963) [101]; Ruben and Kamen (1941) [102]). Carbon-14 of cosmogenic origin was discovered in atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> in 1946 by Willard F. Libby, who determined a half-life of 5568 a. Libby and his co-workers (Anderson et al. (1947) [103]; Libby et al. (1949) [104]) developed radiocarbon dating of organic carbon of biological origin, which revolutionized research in a number of fields, including archaeology and quaternary geology/climatology, by establishing ages and chronologies of events that have occurred over the past approximately 45 ka.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotope Methods for Dating Old Groundwater","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Atomic Energy Agency","publisherLocation":"Vienna, Austria","usgsCitation":"Plummer, N., and Glynn, P.D., 2013, Radiocarbon dating in groundwater systems, chap. 4 <i>of</i> Isotope Methods for Dating Old Groundwater, p. 33-89.","productDescription":"57 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"89","ipdsId":"IP-020161","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273671,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273670,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www-pub.iaea.org/books/iaeabooks/8880/Isotope-Methods-for-Dating-Old-Groundwater"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5ee4b07b9df6070f36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glynn, P. D.","contributorId":7008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glynn","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046478,"text":"70046478 - 2013 - Defining groundwater age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-05T15:44:10.678367","indexId":"70046478","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"3","title":"Defining groundwater age","docAbstract":"This book investigates applications of selected chemical and isotopic substances that can be used to recognize and interpret age information pertaining to ‘old’ groundwater (defined as water that was recharged on a timescale from approximately 1000 to more than 1 000 000 a). However, as discussed below, only estimates of the ‘age’ of water extracted from wells can be inferred. These groundwater age estimates are interpreted from measured concentrations of chemical and isotopic substances in the groundwater. Even then, there are many complicating factors, as discussed in this book. In spite of these limitations, much can be learned about the physics of groundwater flow and about the temporal aspects of groundwater systems from age interpretations of measured concentrations of environmental tracers in groundwater systems. This chapter puts the concept of ‘age’ into context, including its meaning and interpretation, and attempts to provide a unifying usage for the rest of the book.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotope Methods for Dating Old Groundwater","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Atomic Energy Agency","publisherLocation":"Vienna, Austria","usgsCitation":"Torgersen, T., Purtschert, R., Phillips, F.M., Plummer, N., Sanford, W., and Suckow, A., 2013, Defining groundwater age, chap. 3 <i>of</i> Isotope Methods for Dating Old Groundwater, p. 21-32.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"32","ipdsId":"IP-027652","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273668,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www-pub.iaea.org/books/iaeabooks/8880/Isotope-Methods-for-Dating-Old-Groundwater"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5be4b07b9df6070f1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torgersen, T.","contributorId":83297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Purtschert, R.","contributorId":102364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purtschert","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, F. M.","contributorId":24493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Suckow, A.","contributorId":39276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suckow","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70148384,"text":"70148384 - 2013 - Automated quantitative micro-mineralogical characterization for environmental applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T12:44:11","indexId":"70148384","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Automated quantitative micro-mineralogical characterization for environmental applications","docAbstract":"<p>Characterization of ore and waste-rock material using automated quantitative micro-mineralogical techniques (e.g., QEMSCAN® and MLA) has the potential to complement traditional acid-base accounting and humidity cell techniques when predicting acid generation and metal release. These characterization techniques, which most commonly are used for metallurgical, mineral-processing, and geometallurgical applications, can be broadly applied throughout the mine-life cycle to include numerous environmental applications. Critical insights into mineral liberation, mineral associations, particle size, particle texture, and mineralogical residence phase(s) of environmentally important elements can be used to anticipate potential environmental challenges. Resources spent on initial characterization result in lower uncertainties of potential environmental impacts and possible cost savings associated with remediation and closure. Examples illustrate mineralogical and textural characterization of fluvial tailings material from the upper Arkansas River in Colorado.<br></p>","conferenceTitle":"115th National Western Mining Conference","conferenceDate":"February 24-27, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.S., Hoal, K., Walton-Day, K., Stammer, J., and Pietersen, K., 2013, Automated quantitative micro-mineralogical characterization for environmental applications, 115th National Western Mining Conference, Denver, CO, February 24-27, 2013, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-042170","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59366dace4b0f6c2d0d7d644","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoal, K.O.","contributorId":141005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoal","given":"K.O.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13647,"text":"JKTech, Pty Ltd, Denver, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stammer, J.G.","contributorId":141006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stammer","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13648,"text":"Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pietersen, K.","contributorId":141007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pietersen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13649,"text":"JKTech, Pty Ltd, Brisbane, QLD, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046408,"text":"70046408 - 2013 - The role of virulence for in vivo superinfection fitness of a vertebrate RNA virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-01T10:04:43","indexId":"70046408","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2497,"text":"Journal of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of virulence for in vivo superinfection fitness of a vertebrate RNA virus","docAbstract":"We have developed a novel, in vivo superinfection fitness assay to examine superinfection dynamics and the role of virulence in superinfection fitness. This assay involves controlled, sequential infections of a natural, vertebrate host, Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), with variants of a co-evolved viral pathogen, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). Intervals between infections ranged from 12 hours to 7 days, and both frequency of superinfection and viral replication levels were examined. Using virus genotype pairs of equal and unequal virulence, we observed that superinfection generally occurred with decreasing frequency as the interval between exposures to each genotype increased. For both the equal virulence and unequal virulence genotype pairs, the frequency of superinfection was the same regardless of which genotype was used in the primary exposure. However, the ability to replicate in the context of superinfection did not differ between the genotypes of equal or unequal virulence tested here. For both genotype pairs, the mean viral load of the secondary virus was significantly reduced in superinfection, while primary virus replication was unaffected. Our results demonstrate, for the two genotype pairs examined, that superinfection restriction does occur for IHNV, and that higher virulence did not correlate with a significant difference in superinfection fitness. To our knowledge, this is the first assay to examine the role of virulence of an RNA virus in determining superinfection fitness dynamics within a natural, vertebrate host.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Virology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Mivrobiology","doi":"10.1128/JVI.00089-13","usgsCitation":"Kell, A.M., Wargo, A.R., and Kurath, G., 2013, The role of virulence for in vivo superinfection fitness of a vertebrate RNA virus: Journal of Virology, v. 87, no. 14, p. 8145-8157, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00089-13.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"8145","endPage":"8157","ipdsId":"IP-045156","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00089-13","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273639,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273638,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00089-13"}],"volume":"87","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5fe4b07b9df6070f42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kell, Alison M. amkell@usgs.gov","contributorId":4553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kell","given":"Alison","email":"amkell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wargo, Andrew R.","contributorId":47260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wargo","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046409,"text":"70046409 - 2013 - Colonization of steelhead in a natal stream after barrier removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-12T10:25:52","indexId":"70046409","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Colonization of steelhead in a natal stream after barrier removal","docAbstract":"Colonization of vacant habitats is an important process for supporting the long-term persistence of populations and species. We used a before–after experimental design to follow the process of colonization by steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss (anadromous Rainbow Trout) at six monitoring sites in a natal stream, Beaver Creek, after the modification or removal of numerous stream passage barriers. Juvenile O. mykiss were collected at monitoring sites by using a backpack electrofisher. Passive integrated transponder tags and instream tag reading stations were used in combination with 16 microsatellite markers to determine the source, extent, and success of migrant O. mykiss after implementation of the barrier removal projects. Steelhead migrated into the study area during the first spawning season after passage was established. Hatchery steelhead, although comprising more than 80% of the adult returns to the Methow River basin, constituted a small proportion (23%) of the adult O. mykiss colonizing the study area. Adult steelhead and fluvial Rainbow Trout entered the stream during the first spawning season after barrier removal and were passing the uppermost tag reader (12 km upstream from the mouth) 3–4 years later. Parr that were tagged in Beaver Creek returned as adults, indicating establishment of the anadromous life history in the study area. Population genetic measures at the lower two monitoring sites (lower 4 km of Beaver Creek) significantly changed within one generation (4–5 years). Colonization and expansion of steelhead occurred more slowly than expected due to the low number of adults migrating into the study area.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2013.788560","usgsCitation":"Weigel, D.E., Connolly, P., Martens, K.D., and Powell, M.S., 2013, Colonization of steelhead in a natal stream after barrier removal: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 142, no. 4, p. 920-930, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.788560.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"920","endPage":"930","ipdsId":"IP-037761","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.788560","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273635,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273634,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2013.788560"}],"volume":"142","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5be4b07b9df6070f16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weigel, Dana E.","contributorId":79389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weigel","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martens, Kyle D.","contributorId":12740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martens","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Powell, Madison S.","contributorId":33609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Madison","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189065,"text":"70189065 - 2013 - Uranium quantification in semen by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T09:04:05","indexId":"70189065","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2485,"text":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uranium quantification in semen by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this study we report uranium analysis for human semen samples. Uranium quantification was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. No additives, such as chymotrypsin or bovine serum albumin, were used for semen liquefaction, as they showed significant uranium content. For method validation we spiked 2</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>g aliquots of pooled control semen at three different levels of uranium: low at 5</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>pg/g, medium at 50</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>pg/g, and high at 1000</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>pg/g. The detection limit was determined to be 0.8</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>pg/g uranium in human semen. The data reproduced within 1.4–7% RSD and spike recoveries were 97–100%. The uranium level of the unspiked, pooled control semen was 2.9</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>pg/g of semen (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;</span><span>=</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>10). In addition six semen samples from a cohort of Veterans exposed to depleted uranium (DU) in the 1991 Gulf War were analyzed with no knowledge of their exposure history. Uranium levels in the Veterans’ semen samples ranged from undetectable (&lt;0.8</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>pg/g) to 3350</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>pg/g. This wide concentration range for uranium in semen is consistent with known differences in current DU body burdens in these individuals, some of whom have retained embedded DU fragments.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.07.004","usgsCitation":"Todorov, T.I., Ejnik, J.W., Guandalini, G.S., Xu, H., Hoover, D., Anderson, L.W., Squibb, K., McDiarmid, M.A., and Centeno, J.A., 2013, Uranium quantification in semen by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, v. 27, no. 1, p. 2-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.07.004.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"6","ipdsId":"IP-030922","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59576338e4b0d1f9f051b549","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todorov, Todor I. ttodorov@usgs.gov","contributorId":1605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todorov","given":"Todor","email":"ttodorov@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":702712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ejnik, John W.","contributorId":193962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ejnik","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guandalini, Gustavo S.","contributorId":193960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guandalini","given":"Gustavo","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xu, Hanna","contributorId":193961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Hanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hoover, Dennis","contributorId":193959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoover","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anderson, Larry W.","contributorId":172947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Squibb, Katherine","contributorId":194042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Squibb","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"McDiarmid, Melissa A.","contributorId":194043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Centeno, Jose A.","contributorId":107724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Centeno","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70046379,"text":"70046379 - 2013 - Catching air - those magnificent jumping Suwannee sturgeons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-12T10:53:24","indexId":"70046379","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":711,"text":"American Currents","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Catching air - those magnificent jumping Suwannee sturgeons","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Currents","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"North American Native Fishes Association","usgsCitation":"Sulak, K., 2013, Catching air - those magnificent jumping Suwannee sturgeons: American Currents, v. 38, no. 2, p. 23-25.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-044812","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida;Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Suwannee River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.63,24.52 ], [ -87.63,35.0 ], [ -80.03,35.0 ], [ -80.03,24.52 ], [ -87.63,24.52 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a51e4b07b9df6070f0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sulak, K. J. 0000-0002-4795-9310","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":76690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"K. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70189948,"text":"70189948 - 2013 - Phast4Windows: A 3D graphical user interface for the reactive-transport simulator PHAST","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-31T13:28:01","indexId":"70189948","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phast4Windows: A 3D graphical user interface for the reactive-transport simulator PHAST","docAbstract":"<p><span>Phast4Windows is a Windows® program for developing and running groundwater-flow and reactive-transport models with the PHAST simulator. This graphical user interface allows definition of grid-independent spatial distributions of model properties—the porous media properties, the initial head and chemistry conditions, boundary conditions, and locations of wells, rivers, drains, and accounting zones—and other parameters necessary for a simulation. Spatial data can be defined without reference to a grid by drawing, by point-by-point definitions, or by importing files, including ArcInfo® shape and raster files. All definitions can be inspected, edited, deleted, moved, copied, and switched from hidden to visible through the data tree of the interface. Model features are visualized in the main panel of the interface, so that it is possible to zoom, pan, and rotate features in three dimensions (3D). PHAST simulates single phase, constant density, saturated groundwater flow under confined or unconfined conditions. Reactions among multiple solutes include mineral equilibria, cation exchange, surface complexation, solid solutions, and general kinetic reactions. The interface can be used to develop and run simple or complex models, and is ideal for use in the classroom, for analysis of laboratory column experiments, and for development of field-scale simulations of geochemical processes and contaminant transport.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00993.x","usgsCitation":"Charlton, S.R., and Parkhurst, D.L., 2013, Phast4Windows: A 3D graphical user interface for the reactive-transport simulator PHAST: Groundwater, v. 51, no. 4, p. 623-628, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00993.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"623","endPage":"628","ipdsId":"IP-037472","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344470,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5980419de4b0a38ca278936e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charlton, Scott R. 0000-0001-7332-3394 charlton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7332-3394","contributorId":1632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charlton","given":"Scott","email":"charlton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parkhurst, David L. 0000-0003-3348-1544 dlpark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-1544","contributorId":1088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"David","email":"dlpark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046445,"text":"70046445 - 2013 - Disproportionation and thermochemical sulfate reduction reactions in S-H<sub>2</sub>0-Ch<sub>4</sub> and S-D<sub>2</sub>O-CH<sub>4</sub> systems from 200 to 340 °C at elevated pressures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-01T10:06:44","indexId":"70046445","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disproportionation and thermochemical sulfate reduction reactions in S-H<sub>2</sub>0-Ch<sub>4</sub> and S-D<sub>2</sub>O-CH<sub>4</sub> systems from 200 to 340 °C at elevated pressures","docAbstract":"Elemental sulfur, as a transient intermediate compound, by-product, or catalyst, plays significant roles in thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) reactions. However, the mechanisms of the reactions in S-H<sub>2</sub>O-hydrocarbons systems are not clear. To improve our understanding of reaction mechanisms, we conducted a series of experiments between 200 and 340 °C for S-H<sub>2</sub>O-CH<sub>4</sub>, S-D<sub>2</sub>O-CH<sub>4</sub>, and S-CH<sub>4</sub>-1m ZnBr<sub>2</sub> systems in fused silica capillary capsules (FSCC). After a heating period ranging from 24 to 2160 hours (hrs), the quenched samples were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy. Combined with the in situ Raman spectra collected at high temperatures and pressures in the S-H<sub>2</sub>O and S-H<sub>2</sub>O-CH<sub>4</sub> systems, our results showed that (1) the disproportionation of sulfur in the S-H<sub>2</sub>O-CH<sub>4</sub> system occurred at temperatures above 200 °C and produced H<sub>2</sub>S, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>, and possibly trace amount of HSO<sub>4-</sub>; (2) sulfate (and bisulfate), in the presence of sulfur, can be reduced by methane between 250 and 340 °C to produce CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S, and these TSR temperatures are much closer to those of the natural system (<200 °C) than those of any previous experiments; (3) the disproportionation and TSR reactions in the S-H<sub>2</sub>O-CH<sub>4</sub> system may take place simultaneously, with TSR being favored at higher temperatures; and (4) in the system S-D<sub>2</sub>O-CH<sub>4</sub>, both TSR and the competitive disproportionation reactions occurred simultaneously at temperatures above 300 °C, but these reactions were very slow at lower temperatures. Our observation of methane reaction at 250 °C in a laboratory time scale suggests that, in a geologic time scale, methane may be destroyed by TSR reactions at temperatures > 200 °C that can be reached by deep drilling for hydrocarbon resources.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2013.05.021","usgsCitation":"Yuan, S., Chou, I., and Burruss, R.A., 2013, Disproportionation and thermochemical sulfate reduction reactions in S-H<sub>2</sub>0-Ch<sub>4</sub> and S-D<sub>2</sub>O-CH<sub>4</sub> systems from 200 to 340 °C at elevated pressures: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 118, p. 263-275, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.05.021.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"275","ipdsId":"IP-037502","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273642,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.05.021"}],"volume":"118","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5ce4b07b9df6070f22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, Shunda","contributorId":26608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"Shunda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chou, I-Ming 0000-0001-5233-6479 imchou@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I-Ming","email":"imchou@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burruss, Robert A. 0000-0001-6827-804X burruss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"burruss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046458,"text":"70046458 - 2013 - Direct estimation of diffuse gaseous emissions from coal fires: current methods and future directions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-12T14:41:36","indexId":"70046458","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direct estimation of diffuse gaseous emissions from coal fires: current methods and future directions","docAbstract":"Coal fires occur in nature spontaneously, contribute to increases in greenhouse gases, and emit atmospheric toxicants. Increasing interest in quantifying coal fire emissions has resulted in the adaptation and development of specialized approaches and adoption of numerical modeling techniques. Overview of these methods for direct estimation of diffuse gas emissions from coal fires is presented in this paper. Here we take advantage of stochastic Gaussian simulation to interpolate CO<sup>2</sup> fluxes measured using a dynamic closed chamber at the Ruth Mullins coal fire in Perry County, Kentucky. This approach allows for preparing a map of diffuse gas emissions, one of the two primary ways that gases emanate from coal fires, and establishing the reliability of the study both locally and for the entire fire. Future research directions include continuous and automated sampling to improve quantification of gaseous coal fire emissions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.005","usgsCitation":"Engle, M.A., Olea, R., O’Keefe, J.M., Hower, J., and Geboy, N., 2013, Direct estimation of diffuse gaseous emissions from coal fires: current methods and future directions: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 112, p. 164-172, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.005.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"172","ipdsId":"IP-037357","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273655,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.005"}],"volume":"112","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5ce4b07b9df6070f1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":47873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Keefe, Jennifer M. K.","contributorId":23047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Keefe","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hower, James C. 0000-0003-4694-2776","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-2776","contributorId":34561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hower","given":"James C.","affiliations":[{"id":16123,"text":"University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, United States.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":479677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geboy, Nicholas J. ngeboy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geboy","given":"Nicholas J.","email":"ngeboy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046461,"text":"ofr20131117 - 2013 - Circulation exchange patterns in Sinclair Inlet, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-12T13:17:52","indexId":"ofr20131117","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1117","title":"Circulation exchange patterns in Sinclair Inlet, Washington","docAbstract":"In 1994, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Navy, deployed three sets of moorings in Sinclair Inlet, which is a relatively small embayment on the western side of Puget Sound (fig. 1). This inlet is home to the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. One purpose of the measurement program was to determine the transport pathways and fate of contaminants known to be present in Sinclair Inlet. Extensive descriptions of the program and the resultant information about contaminant pathways have been reported in Gartner and others (1998). This report primarily focused on the bottom boundary layer and the potential for resuspension and transport of sediments on the seabed in Sinclair Inlet as a result of tides and waves.  Recently (2013), interest in transport pathways for suspended and dissolved materials in Sinclair Inlet has been rekindled. In particular, the USGS scientists in Washington and California have been asked to reexamine the datasets collected in the earlier study to refine not only our understanding of transport pathways through the inlet, but to determine how those transport pathways are affected by subtidal currents, local wind stress, and fresh water inputs. Because the prior study focused on the bottom boundary layer and not the water column, a reanalysis of the datasets could increase our understanding of the dynamic forces that drive transport within and through the inlet. However, the early datasets are limited in scope and a comprehensive understanding of these transport processes may require more extensive datasets or the development of a detailed numerical model of transport processes for the inlet, or both.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131117","usgsCitation":"Noble, M.A., Rosenberger, K., Paulson, A.J., and Gartner, A.L., 2013, Circulation exchange patterns in Sinclair Inlet, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1117, vi, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131117.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":373,"text":"Marine Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131117.bmp"},{"id":273647,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1117/pdf/ofr20131117.pdf"},{"id":273646,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1117/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Sinclair Inlet;Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.75,47.42 ], [ -122.75,47.75 ], [ -122.4,47.75 ], [ -122.4,47.42 ], [ -122.75,47.42 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5be4b07b9df6070f12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noble, Marlene A. mnoble@usgs.gov","contributorId":1429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Marlene","email":"mnoble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberger, Kurt J.","contributorId":12934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Kurt J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paulson, Anthony J. 0000-0002-2358-8834 apaulson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-8834","contributorId":5236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Anthony","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gartner, Anne L.","contributorId":32620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046439,"text":"70046439 - 2013 - Linking anti-predator behaviour to prey demography reveals limited risk effects of an actively hunting large carnivore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-05T10:59:30","indexId":"70046439","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking anti-predator behaviour to prey demography reveals limited risk effects of an actively hunting large carnivore","docAbstract":"Ecological theory predicts that the diffuse risk cues generated by wide-ranging, active predators should induce prey behavioural responses but not major, population- or community-level consequences. We evaluated the non-consumptive effects (NCEs) of an active predator, the grey wolf (Canis lupus), by simultaneously tracking wolves and the behaviour, body fat, and pregnancy of elk (Cervus elaphus), their primary prey in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. When wolves approached within 1 km, elk increased their rates of movement, displacement and vigilance. Even in high-risk areas, however, these encounters occurred only once every 9 days. Ultimately, despite 20-fold variation in the frequency of encounters between wolves and individual elk, the risk of predation was not associated with elk body fat or pregnancy. Our findings suggest that the ecological consequences of actively hunting large carnivores, such as the wolf, are more likely transmitted by consumptive effects on prey survival than NCEs on prey behaviour.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ele.12133","usgsCitation":"Middleton, A., Kauffman, M., McWhirter, D.E., Jimenez, M.D., Cook, R.C., Cook, J.G., Albeke, S.E., Sawyer, H., and White, P., 2013, Linking anti-predator behaviour to prey demography reveals limited risk effects of an actively hunting large carnivore: Ecology Letters, v. 16, no. 8, p. 1023-1030, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12133.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1023","endPage":"1030","ipdsId":"IP-042139","costCenters":[{"id":683,"text":"Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273630,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12133"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana;Wyoming;Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.24,40.99 ], [ -117.24,49.0 ], [ -104.04,49.0 ], [ -104.04,40.99 ], [ -117.24,40.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"16","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5de4b07b9df6070f2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Arthur D.","contributorId":99440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Arthur D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900 mkauffman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":2963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McWhirter, Douglas E.","contributorId":90623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McWhirter","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jimenez, Michael D.","contributorId":14717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jimenez","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, Rachel C.","contributorId":19064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cook, John G.","contributorId":12903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Albeke, Shannon E.","contributorId":81781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albeke","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sawyer, Hall","contributorId":39930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Hall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"White, P.J.","contributorId":91436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70046459,"text":"70046459 - 2013 - Tracking sedimentation from the historic A.D. 2011 Mississippi River flood in the deltaic wetlands of Louisiana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-12T14:09:51","indexId":"70046459","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking sedimentation from the historic A.D. 2011 Mississippi River flood in the deltaic wetlands of Louisiana, USA","docAbstract":"Management and restoration of the Mississippi River deltaic plain (southern United States) and associated wetlands require a quantitative understanding of sediment delivery during large flood events, past and present. Here, we investigate the sedimentary fingerprint of the 2011 Mississippi River flood across the Louisiana coast (Atchafalaya Delta, Terrebonne, Barataria, and Mississippi River Delta basins) to assess spatial patterns of sedimentation and to identify key indicators of sediment provenance. The sediment deposited in wetlands during the 2011 flood was distinguished from earlier deposits based on biological characteristics, primarily absence of plant roots and increased presence of centric (planktonic) diatoms indicative of riverine origin. By comparison, the lithological (bulk density, organic matter content, and grain size) and chemical (stable carbon isotopes of bulk organic matter) properties of flood sediments were nearly identical to the underlying deposit. Flood sediment deposition was greatest in wetlands near the Atchafalaya and Mississippi Rivers and accounted for a substantial portion (37% to 85%) of the annual accretion measured at nearby monitoring stations. The amount of sediment delivered to those basins (1.1–1.6 g cm<sup>−2</sup>) was comparable to that reported previously for hurricane sedimentation along the Louisiana coast (0.8–2.1 g cm<sup>−2</sup>). Our findings not only provide insight into how large-scale river floods influence wetland sedimentation, they lay the groundwork for identifying previous flood events in the stratigraphic record.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/G33805.1","usgsCitation":"Khan, N., Horton, B.P., McKee, K.L., Jerolmack, D., Falcini, F., Enache, M.D., and Vane, C.H., 2013, Tracking sedimentation from the historic A.D. 2011 Mississippi River flood in the deltaic wetlands of Louisiana, USA: Geology, v. 41, no. 4, p. 391-394, https://doi.org/10.1130/G33805.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"394","ipdsId":"IP-039025","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501027/1/NORA_Geology_Manuscript.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":273652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273644,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G33805.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.0434,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,33.0195 ], [ -88.8162,33.0195 ], [ -88.8162,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,28.9254 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b98a5fe4b07b9df6070f46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Khan, Nicole S.","contributorId":52466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khan","given":"Nicole S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, Benjamin P.","contributorId":63641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKee, Karen L. 0000-0001-7042-670X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":8927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jerolmack, Douglas","contributorId":36277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jerolmack","given":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Falcini, Federico","contributorId":10305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falcini","given":"Federico","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Enache, Mihaela D.","contributorId":12356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enache","given":"Mihaela","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vane, Christopher H.","contributorId":88255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vane","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
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