Pumping and injection tests were conducted during a 1981-83 pilot study of the Hueco bolson recharge project in northeast El Paso. Water-level decline and buildup were measured in a recharge well and an observation well. The specific capacity of the recharge well during the October 1982 injection test was 18.3 gallons per minute per foot after 22.5 hours. The recharge well was redeveloped in June 1983. The specific capacity during the final pumping test of the pilot study was 27.5 gallons per minute per foot after 24.5 hours, compared to 35.8 gallons per minute per foot after 24 hours during\"the May 1981 pre-injection pumping test.
\nDuring the initial 5 years (1985-89) of operation of the Hueco bolson recharge project, water levels in the observation well were measured, and concentrations of selected water-quality constituents were determined. Water levels in six production wells located 0.25 to 0.6 mile from the injection wells of the recharge project declined at a rate of about 2 feet per year prior to 1985. Since 1980, water-level measurements indicate that the effects of pumping and recharge are approaching equilibrium.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr90175","usgsCitation":"White, D., and Sladek, G., 1990, Summary of data from the 1981-83 pilot study and 1985-89 operations of the Hueco Bolson Recharge Project, Northeast El Paso, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-175, iv, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90175.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":50936,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0175/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0175/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"El Paso","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.33460998535156,\n 31.666239488179908\n ],\n [\n -106.25976562499999,\n 31.666823904468835\n ],\n [\n -106.26800537109374,\n 31.968473925845107\n ],\n [\n -106.52275085449219,\n 31.967891415457846\n ],\n [\n -106.52069091796875,\n 31.773710143949053\n ],\n [\n -106.51382446289062,\n 31.769623866960654\n ],\n [\n -106.51176452636719,\n 31.762618400791368\n ],\n [\n -106.50489807128906,\n 31.756780107186728\n ],\n [\n -106.49391174316405,\n 31.752693082546358\n ],\n [\n -106.490478515625,\n 31.748021976303317\n ],\n [\n -106.47056579589842,\n 31.751525328078905\n ],\n [\n -106.46987915039061,\n 31.76028312754315\n ],\n [\n -106.45477294921874,\n 31.762618400791368\n ],\n [\n -106.44378662109375,\n 31.759699300023925\n ],\n [\n -106.43760681152344,\n 31.754444686629874\n ],\n [\n -106.42181396484375,\n 31.752693082546358\n ],\n [\n -106.40396118164062,\n 31.743350634409595\n ],\n [\n -106.37649536132811,\n 31.73225525308017\n ],\n [\n -106.37237548828125,\n 31.71239704373466\n ],\n [\n -106.34834289550781,\n 31.697208483947467\n ],\n [\n -106.33460998535156,\n 31.666239488179908\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6994a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, D. E.","contributorId":20729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":184315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sladek, G.J.","contributorId":107728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sladek","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21480,"text":"ofr90387 - 1990 - Preliminary investigation of soil and ground-water contamination at a U.S. Army Petroleum Training Facility, Fort Lee, Virginia, September-October 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-02T20:08:45.063778","indexId":"ofr90387","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-387","title":"Preliminary investigation of soil and ground-water contamination at a U.S. Army Petroleum Training Facility, Fort Lee, Virginia, September-October 1989","docAbstract":"Fuel-oil constituents in the soil and groundwater at the Fort Lee Petroleum Training Facility near Petersburg, Virginia, were studied by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Department of Defense, U.S. Army. The study included installation of 25 groundwater monitoring wells and description of groundwater flow patterns of the shallow-aquifer system underlying the facility. Soil and groundwater samples were collected to determine the concentrations of fuel-oil constituents and to determine the potential for off-site migration of the constituents. Total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations up to 18,400 mg/km were reported in soil samples. Concentrations of benzene in water from wells at the facility were up to 130 micrograms per liter (ug/L), and concentrations of ethylbenzene and xylene were up to 54 and 120 ug/L, respectively. Potential exists for off-site migration of the contaminants and migration of contaminants downward to deeper aquifers. Further investigations of these potential contamination-migration pathways are warranted. Risk identification at the Petroleum Training Facility cannot be properly addressed because the distribution of the fuel-oil constituents has not been fully characterized. Preliminary identification of risk, however is presented by an examination of toxicity data for the chemical constituents reported in the groundwater at the facility. Concentrations of constituents were compared to the maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for drinking water established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Concentrations of benzene in water from wells at the facility exceed the USEPA 's 5 ug/L MCL by as much as 26 times. Sufficient data are not available to fully design the remedial-action plan for the facility; however, general responses to contamination of the type associated with the facility include no-action, monitoring, institutional controls, removal, and treatment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr90387","usgsCitation":"Wright, W.G., and Powell, J.D., 1990, Preliminary investigation of soil and ground-water contamination at a U.S. Army Petroleum Training Facility, Fort Lee, Virginia, September-October 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-387, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90387.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406181,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17919.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51041,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0387/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0387/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Fort Lee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.332763671875,\n 37.216932708261595\n ],\n [\n -77.3162841796875,\n 37.216932708261595\n ],\n [\n -77.3162841796875,\n 37.229918351090596\n ],\n [\n -77.332763671875,\n 37.229918351090596\n ],\n [\n -77.332763671875,\n 37.216932708261595\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66749b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, W. G.","contributorId":19582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, J. D.","contributorId":29828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21512,"text":"ofr88436 - 1990 - Grain-size data from four cores from Walker Lake, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:49","indexId":"ofr88436","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-436","title":"Grain-size data from four cores from Walker Lake, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88436","usgsCitation":"Yount, J.C., and Quimby, M., 1990, Grain-size data from four cores from Walker Lake, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-436, iv, 79 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88436.","productDescription":"iv, 79 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0436/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51090,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0436/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672a6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yount, J. C.","contributorId":69553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yount","given":"J.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quimby, M.F.","contributorId":78767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quimby","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21542,"text":"ofr90115 - 1990 - Sources and summaries of water-quality information for the Rapid Creek basin, western South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:47","indexId":"ofr90115","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-115","title":"Sources and summaries of water-quality information for the Rapid Creek basin, western South Dakota","docAbstract":"This report provides a compilation of water quality information for the Rapid Creek basin in western South Dakota. Two types of information are included: First, past and current water quality monitoring data collected by the South Dakota Department of Water and Natural Resources, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Geological Survey, and others are described. Second, a summary is included for all past water quality reports, publications, and theses that could be located during this study. A total of 62 documents were abstracted and included journal articles, abstracts, Federal agency reports and publications, university and State agency reports, local agency reports, and graduate theses. The report should be valuable to water resources managers, regulators, and others contemplating water quality research, monitoring, and regulatory programs in the Rapid Creek basin. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr90115","usgsCitation":"Zogorski, J.S., Zogorski, E., and McKallip, T., 1990, Sources and summaries of water-quality information for the Rapid Creek basin, western South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-115, iv, 35 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90115.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0115/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51131,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0115/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e76ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zogorski, John S. jszogors@usgs.gov","contributorId":189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zogorski","given":"John","email":"jszogors@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":184625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zogorski, E.M.","contributorId":40240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zogorski","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKallip, T.E.","contributorId":44943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKallip","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25131,"text":"cir930I - 1990 - International strategic minerals inventory summary report; lithium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:16","indexId":"cir930I","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"930","chapter":"I","title":"International strategic minerals inventory summary report; lithium","docAbstract":"Major world resources of lithium are described in this summary report of information in the International Strategic Minerals Inventory (ISMI). ISMI is a cooperative data-collection effort of earth-science and mineral-resource agencies in Australia, Canada, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. Part I of this report presents an overview of the resources and potential supply of lithium on the basis of inventory information; Part II contains tables of some of the geologic information and mineral-resource information and production data collected by ISMI participants. \r\n\r\nIn terms of lithium-resource availability, present economically viable resources are more than sufficient to meet likely demand in the foreseeable future. In times of excess capacity such as currently exist, some pegmatite operations cannot compete with brine operations, which are less costly. A further production shift from pegmatites to brines will result in the concentration of supply in a few countries such as Chile and the United States. This shift would lead to the dependence of industrialized countries on deliveries from these sources.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir930I","usgsCitation":"Anstett, T., Krauss, U., Ober, J., and Schmidt, H., 1990, International strategic minerals inventory summary report; lithium: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 930, v. :ill. ;26 cm.; 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930I.","productDescription":"v. :ill. ;26 cm.; 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1990/0930i/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54111,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1990/0930i/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df356","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anstett, T.F.","contributorId":29850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anstett","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauss, U.H.","contributorId":47404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"U.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ober, J.A.","contributorId":76351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ober","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidt, H.W.","contributorId":103710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25132,"text":"cir930J - 1990 - International strategic minerals inventory summary report; tin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:09","indexId":"cir930J","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"930","chapter":"J","title":"International strategic minerals inventory summary report; tin","docAbstract":"The International Strategic Minerals Inventory tin inventory contains records for 56 major tin deposits and districts in 21 countries. These countries accounted for 98 percent of the 10 million metric tons of tin produced in the period 1934-87. Tin is a good alloying metal and is generally nontoxic, and its chief uses are as tinplate for tin cans and as solder in electronics. \r\n\r\nThe 56 locations consist of 39 lode deposits and 17 placers and contain almost 7.5 million metric tons of tin in identified economic resources (R1E) and another 1.5 million metric tons of tin in other resource categories. Most of these resources are in major deposits that have been known for over a hundred years. Lode deposits account for 44 percent of the R1E and 87 percent of the resources in other categories. Placer deposits make up the remainder. \r\n\r\nLow-income and middle-income countries, including Bolivia and Brazil and countries along the Southeast Asian Tin Belt such as Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia account for 91 percent of the R1E resources of tin and for 61 percent of resources in other categories. The United States has less than 0.05 percent of the world's tin R1E in major deposits. Available data suggest that the Soviet Union may have about 4 percent of resources in this category. \r\n\r\nThe industrial market economy countries of the United States, Japan, Federal Republic of Germany, and the United Kingdom are major consumers of tin, whereas the major tin-producing countries generally consume little tin. The Soviet Union and China are both major producers and consumers of tin. At the end of World War II, the four largest tin-producing countries (Bolivia, the Belgian Congo (Zaire), Nigeria, and Malaysia) produced over 80 percent of the world's tin. \r\n\r\nIn 1986, the portion of production from the four largest producers (Malaysia, Brazil, Soviet Union, Indonesia) declined to about 55 percent, while the price of tin rose from about $1,500 to $18,000 per metric ton. In response to tin shortages during World War II, the United States began stockpiling refined tin metal from approximately 1946 to 1953 to ensure a strategic supply in the event of another war. \r\n\r\nSince World War II, there have been six International Tin Agreements to maintain price and supply stability between tin producers and consumers. Artificially high prices set by the tin-producing members and a tin glut brought on by independent producers like Brazil caused the collapse of the world tin market in late 1985; the International Tin Council exhausted its credit to support the market price. \r\n\r\nBy the year 2025, Bolivia's underground lode mines will likely have insignificant production, as will those in the United Kingdom. Tin mines in the Southeast Asian Tin Belt will still be active. Brazil, which has risen from the eighth-ranked tin-producing country in 1982 to the largest producer in 1988, will likely be a major influence on world tin production well into the 21st century. The future mining activity of deposits presently inactive in Australia is impossible to predict.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir930J","usgsCitation":"Sutphin, D.M., Sabin, A.E., and Reed, B., 1990, International strategic minerals inventory summary report; tin: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 930, v. :ill. ;26 cm.; 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930J.","productDescription":"v. :ill. ;26 cm.; 52 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1990/0930j/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54112,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1990/0930j/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sutphin, D. M.","contributorId":27424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sabin, A. E.","contributorId":63427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabin","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, B.L.","contributorId":29434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":49156,"text":"ofr90242A - 1990 - Data used to prepare a map showing the location of significant gold mines in Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:20","indexId":"ofr90242A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-242","chapter":"A","title":"Data used to prepare a map showing the location of significant gold mines in Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr90242A","usgsCitation":"Frishman, D., Elliott, J.E., Foord, E., Pearson, R.C., and Raymond, W.H., 1990, Data used to prepare a map showing the location of significant gold mines in Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-242, 103 p. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr90242A.","productDescription":"103 p. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":175971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0242a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":85938,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0242a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679c46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frishman, David","contributorId":40214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frishman","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, J. E.","contributorId":19914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foord, E.E.","contributorId":86835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foord","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearson, Robert C.","contributorId":83177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Raymond, W. H.","contributorId":83919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymond","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":31070,"text":"wsp2370E - 1990 - Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and penman-combination methods","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13410,"text":"ofr8892 - 1988 - Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and Penman-combination methods","indexId":"ofr8892","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and Penman-combination methods"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":31070,"text":"wsp2370E - 1990 - Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and penman-combination methods","indexId":"wsp2370E","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and penman-combination methods"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"wsp2370E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2370","chapter":"E","title":"Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and penman-combination methods","docAbstract":"In Owens Valley, evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the largest components of outflow in the hydrologic budget and the least understood. ET estimates for December 1983 through October 1985 were made for seven representative locations selected on the basis of geohydrology and the characteristics of phreatophytic alkaline scrub and meadow communities. The Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and Penman-combination methods were used to estimate ET. The results of the analyses appear satisfactory when compared with other estimates of ET. Results by the eddy-correlation method are for a direct and a residual latent-heat flux that is based on sensible-heat flux and energy-budget measurements. Penman-combination potential-ET estimates were determined to be unusable because they overestimated actual ET. Modification of the psychrometer constant of this method to account for differences between heat-diffusion resistance and vapor-diffusion resistance permitted actual ET to be estimated. \r\n\r\nThe methods described in this report may be used for studies in similar semiarid and arid rangeland areas in the Western United States. Meteorological data for three field sites are included in the appendix of this report. Simple linear regression analysis indicates that ET estimates are correlated to air temperature, vapor-density deficit, and net radiation. Estimates of annual ET range from 301 millimeters at a low-density scrub site to 1,137 millimeters at a high-density meadow site. The monthly percentage of annual ET was determined to be similar for all sites studied.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ;For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2370E","usgsCitation":"Duell, L.F., 1990, Estimates of evapotranspiration in alkaline scrub and meadow communities of Owens Valley, California, using the Bowen-ratio, eddy-correlation, and penman-combination methods: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2370, 39 p. Supercedes Open-file report 88-92, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2370E.","productDescription":"39 p. Supercedes Open-file report 88-92","numberOfPages":"39","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2370e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59629,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2370e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcae8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duell, Lowell F. W. Jr.","contributorId":81124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duell","given":"Lowell","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":34243,"text":"b1918 - 1990 - Petrographic and chemical data for the large Mesozoic and Cenozoic plutonic sills east of Juneau, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:33","indexId":"b1918","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1918","title":"Petrographic and chemical data for the large Mesozoic and Cenozoic plutonic sills east of Juneau, southeastern Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b1918","usgsCitation":"Drinkwater, J.L., Brew, D.A., and Ford, A., 1990, Petrographic and chemical data for the large Mesozoic and Cenozoic plutonic sills east of Juneau, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1918, iv, 47 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1918.","productDescription":"iv, 47 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1918/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62153,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1918/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6881c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drinkwater, J. L.","contributorId":27856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drinkwater","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brew, David A. dbrew@usgs.gov","contributorId":3244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brew","given":"David","email":"dbrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":212673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ford, Arthur B.","contributorId":52578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"Arthur B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":34945,"text":"b1897 - 1990 - True-amplitude processing techniques for marine, crustal-reflection seismic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:26","indexId":"b1897","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1897","title":"True-amplitude processing techniques for marine, crustal-reflection seismic data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/b1897","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., and Hutchinson, D.R., 1990, True-amplitude processing techniques for marine, crustal-reflection seismic data: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1897, iii, 22 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1897.","productDescription":"iii, 22 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1897/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62893,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1897/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db624256","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":213859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutchinson, Deborah R. 0000-0002-2544-5466 dhutchinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-5466","contributorId":521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Deborah","email":"dhutchinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":213858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":34974,"text":"b1894 - 1990 - Interpretation of reconnaissance geochemical data from the Healy Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:49","indexId":"b1894","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1894","title":"Interpretation of reconnaissance geochemical data from the Healy Quadrangle, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by the Books and Open-File reports Section, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/b1894","usgsCitation":"Light, T., Tripp, R.B., and King, H.D., 1990, Interpretation of reconnaissance geochemical data from the Healy Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1894, vi, 36 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;29 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1894.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;29 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109805,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22072.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"22072"},{"id":164866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1894/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62927,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1894/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62928,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1894/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62929,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1894/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":62930,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1894/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adeca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Light, Thomas D.","contributorId":46098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Light","given":"Thomas D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tripp, R. B.","contributorId":88707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tripp","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, Harley D. hking@usgs.gov","contributorId":4046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Harley","email":"hking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":213916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38360,"text":"pp1508 - 1990 - Stratigraphy of the Mesaverde Group in the central and eastern greater Green River basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:39","indexId":"pp1508","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1508","title":"Stratigraphy of the Mesaverde Group in the central and eastern greater Green River basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah","docAbstract":"This paper establishes a stratigraphic framework for the Mesaverde Group, nearly 5,000 ft thick, in the central and eastern greater Green River basin based on data from measured outcrop sections and drill holes. Stratigraphic correlations are supported by ammonite zonation. No new stratigraphic names are introduced, and no nomenclature problems are discussed. Five long measured sections through the Mesaverde Group are described. \r\n\r\nThe lower part of the Mesaverde Group, comprising the Rock Springs, Blair, Haystack Mountains, Allen Ridge, and Iles Formations, was deposited during a major eastward regression of the interior Cretaceous seaway of North America during the late Santonian and early Campanian. This regression was followed by regional uplift of the central Rocky Mountain area during the middle Campanian. The regional uplift was accompanied by widespread nondeposition and erosion, which, in turn, were followed by deposition of the Ericson and Pine Ridge Sandstones. The upper part of the Mesaverde Group, comprising the Almond and Williams Fork Formations, was deposited during a major westward transgression of the interior seaway in the early Maestrichtian. The major marine transgressions and regressions of the interior seaway were caused by eustatic changes of sea level, whereas intervening periods of nondeposition and erosion resulted from tectonism in the Sevier orogenic belt west of the study area. \r\n\r\nFormations of the Mesaverde Group are composed of sediments deposited in a landward-seaward progression of alluvial-plain, floodplain, coastal-plain, barrier-plain, tidal-flat, delta-plain, marine-shoreline, and marine-shelf and slope depositional environments. Each of these depositional environments is represented by specific lithofacies, sedimentary structures, and fossils, which are characteristic of depositional settings determined by water salinity, water depth, sedimentary and diagenetic processes, and the nature of sediment source terranes. \r\n\r\nThe Mesaverde Group was deposited mainly along the western margins of the interior Cretaceous seaway as marine shorelines that trended north to northeast across the study area. Arcuate deltas, which formed at the mouths of major rivers along these shorelines, spread eastward onto shallow marine shelves. Embayed shoreline areas between the deltas were the sites of barrier-island and tidal-flat deposition. Alluvial-plain, flood-plain, and coastal-plain environments were present inland. The marine shorelines were tidally influenced and wave dominated, and shoreline deposits were mostly thick, linear sheets of quartzose sandstone. Deposition was largely controlled by the emergence or submergence of shoreline areas. Stillstands occurred close to local transgressions and regressions, depending on rates of sedimentation and subsidence.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1508","usgsCitation":"Roehler, H.W., 1990, Stratigraphy of the Mesaverde Group in the central and eastern greater Green River basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1508, 52 p.; 2 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1508.","productDescription":"52 p.; 2 plates in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104670,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4915.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4915"},{"id":166573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1508/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64701,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1508/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64702,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1508/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64703,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1508/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6068","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roehler, Henry W.","contributorId":48529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roehler","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38368,"text":"pp1515 - 1990 - The San Andreas Fault System, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T15:06:12","indexId":"pp1515","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1515","title":"The San Andreas Fault System, California","docAbstract":"Maps of northern and southern California printed on flyleaf inside front cover and on adjacent pages show faults that have had displacement within the past 2 million years. Those that have had displacement within historical time are shown in red. Bands of red tint emphasize zones of historical displacement; bands of orange tint emphasize major faults that have had Quaternary displacement before historical time. Faults are dashed where uncertain, dotted where covered by sedimentary deposits, and queried when doubtful. Arrows indicate direction of relative movement; sawteeth on upper plate of thrust fault.
These maps are reproductions, in major part, of selected plates from the \"Fault Map of California,\" published in 1975 by the California Division of Mines and Geology at a scale of 1:750,000; the State map was compiled and data interpreted by Charles W. Jennings. New data about faults, not shown on the 1975 edition, required modest revisions, primarily additions however, most of the map was left unchanged because the California Division of Mines and Geology is currently engaged in a major revision and update of the 1975 edition. Because of the reduced scale here, names of faults and places were redrafted or omitted. Faults added to the reduced map are not as precise as on the original State map, and the editor of this volume selected certain faults and omitted others. Principal regions for which new information was added are the region north of the San Francisco Bay area and the offshore regions.
Many people have contributed to the present map, but the editor is solely responsible for any errors and omissions. Among those contributing informally, but extensively, and the regions to which each contributed were G.A. Carver, onland region north of lat 40°N.; S.H. Clarke, offshore region north of Cape Mendocino; R.J. McLaughlin, onland region between lat 40°00' and 40°30' N. and long 123°30' and 124°30' W.; D.S. McCulloch offshore region between lat 35° and 40° N.; J.G. Vedder, offshore reglor south of lat 35° N.; and D.G. Herd, southern San Francisco Bay region. The Fault Evaluation Program of the California Division of Mines and Geology under the direction of E.W. Hart, provided much data about many faults. Unpublished material about the Bartlett Springs fault zone that was gathered by Geomatrix Consultants for the Pacific Gas and Electric Co. was very useful. In addition, selected publications that provided invaluable data include Bortugno (1982), Herd (1977), Herd and Helley (1977), Pampeyan and others (1981), and Yerkes and others (1980).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1515","usgsCitation":"1990, The San Andreas Fault System, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1515, viii, 283 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1515.","productDescription":"viii, 283 p.","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1515.jpg"},{"id":9777,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1990/1515/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":333194,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1990/1515/pp1515.pdf","text":"Report","size":"116 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125,33 ], [ -125,43 ], [ -114,43 ], [ -114,33 ], [ -125,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67abf3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wallace, Robert E.","contributorId":15570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658428,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38392,"text":"pp1505D - 1990 - Coal resources of Upper Cretaceous Fruitland Formation in the Southern Ute Indian Reservation, southwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:39","indexId":"pp1505D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1505","chapter":"D","title":"Coal resources of Upper Cretaceous Fruitland Formation in the Southern Ute Indian Reservation, southwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"Coal resources of the Upper Cretaceous Fruitland Formation in the Southern Ute Indian Reservation are estimated to total 16 billion short tons of bituminous coal in beds 2 feet thick or more. The coal-bearing Fruitland Formation underlies about 700 square miles of the Southern Ute Indian Reservation and crops out in a roughly semicircular band around the northern edge of the structural San Juan Basin. The coal beds locally dip more than 10? to the southeast along the northwestern rim of the basin. \r\n\r\nThis estimate of coal resources is based on a study of about 500 geophysical logs, mostly of oil and gas wells. Total coal resources include 15 billion short tons of identified resources, based on data points 3 miles or less apart, and about 1 billion short tons of undiscovered or hypothetical resources, based on data points more than 3 miles apart. \r\n\r\nIn this report, the coal-bearing interval is divided into three overlapping zones: lower, middle, and upper. Coal resources were estimated by aggregate thickness for each zone. The lower zone, which is southwest of a large stratigraphic rise of the Pictured Cliffs Sandstone, contains the thickest coal beds, generally in two thick beds that locally have an aggregate thickness as much as 50 feet. The lower zone contains about 28 percent of the estimated resources; in the lower zone, 6 percent of the resources are less than 500 feet beneath the surface, 10 percent of the resources are 500-2,000 feet beneath the surface, and 84 percent are more than 2,000 feet beneath the surface. The middle zone contains 22 percent of the estimated resources; in the middle zone, only 2 percent of the resources are less than 500 feet beneath the surface, 4 percent of the resources are 500-2,000 feet beneath the surface, and 94 percent are more than 2,000 feet beneath the surface. The upper zone contains about half the estimated resources, in part because it occupies about three-fourths of the area underlain by the Fruitland Formation; in the upper zone, about 2 percent of the resources are less then 500 feet beneath the surface, 11 percent are 500-2,000 feet beneath the surface, and 87 percent are more than 2,000 feet beneath the surface. In general the coal beds are thinner in the middle and upper zones than in the lower zone. \r\n\r\nAlthough the coal on the Reservation is of comparatively high rank, coal in the Fruitland is generally characterized by high ash content. Mining on the Reservation has been restricted generally to small underground and strip mines within 200 feet of the surface along the edges of the San Juan Basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and Mineral Resources of the Southern Ute Indian Reservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1505D","usgsCitation":"Sandberg, D.T., 1990, Coal resources of Upper Cretaceous Fruitland Formation in the Southern Ute Indian Reservation, southwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1505, p. D1-D24; 3 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1505D.","productDescription":"p. D1-D24; 3 plates in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104668,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4912.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4912"},{"id":125038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1505d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64746,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1505d/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64747,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1505d/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64748,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1505d/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64749,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1505d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0f97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sandberg, Dorothy T.","contributorId":19240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Dorothy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38423,"text":"pp1493 - 1990 - Aggradation and degradation of alluvial sand deposits, 1965 to 1986, Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:53","indexId":"pp1493","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1493","title":"Aggradation and degradation of alluvial sand deposits, 1965 to 1986, Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona","docAbstract":"Alluvial sand deposits along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park are used as campsites and are substrate for vegetation. The largest and most numerous of these deposits are formed in zones of recirculating current that are created downstream from where the channel is constricted by debris fans at tributary mouths. Alluvial sand deposits are classified by location and form. Separation and reattachment deposits are downstream from constrictions within recirculation zones. Separation deposits are near the point of flow separation and typically mantle large debris fans. \r\n\r\nReattachment deposits are near the point of flow reattachment and project upstream beneath much of the zone of recirculating current. Upper-pool deposits are upstream from a constriction and are associated with backwaters. Channel-margin deposits line the channel and have the form of terraces. Some are created in small recirculation zones. Reattachment and channel-margin deposits are largest and most numerous in wide reaches, although small channel-margin deposits are used as campsites in the narrow Muav Gorge. Separation deposits are more uniformly distributed throughout Grand Canyon National Park than are other types of deposits. In some narrow reaches where the number of alluvial sand deposits used as campsites is small, separation deposits are a high percentage of the total. \r\n\r\nDuring high flows, both separation and reattachment deposits are initially scoured but are subsequently redeposited during flow recession. Sand is also exchanged between the main channel and recirculation zones. The rate of recession of high flows can affect the elevation of alluvial deposits that are left exposed after a flood has passed. Fluctuating flows that follow a period of steady discharge cause initial erosion of separation and reattachment deposits. A part of this eroded sand is transported to the main channel. Therefore, sand is exchanged between the main channel and recirculation zones and redistributed within recirculation zones over a broad range of discharges. \r\n\r\nComparison of aerial photographs and reinterpretation of published data concerning changes of alluvial sand deposits following recession of high flows in 1983 and 1984 indicate that sand was eroded from recirculation zones in narrow reaches. In wide reaches, however, aggradation in recirculation zones may have occurred. In narrow reaches, the decrease of reattachment deposits was greater than that of separation deposits. In all reaches, the percentage of separation deposits that maintained a constant area was greater than for other deposits. Separation deposits, therefore, appear to be the most stable of the deposit types. \r\n\r\nFluctuating flows between October 1985 and January 1986, which followed the higher and steadier flows of 1983 to 1985, caused erosion throughout the park. For separation deposits, erosion was greatest at those sites where deposition from the 1983 high flows had been greatest. The existing pattern of low campsite availability in narrow reaches and high campsite availability in wide reaches was thus accentuated by the sequence of flows between 1983 and 1985.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1493","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, J.C., and Graf, J.B., 1990, Aggradation and degradation of alluvial sand deposits, 1965 to 1986, Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1493, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1493.","productDescription":"74 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1493/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64816,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1493/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db54555d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, John C. 0000-0002-2988-3869 jcschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2988-3869","contributorId":1983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"John","email":"jcschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":219795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graf, Julia B.","contributorId":59005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graf","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":42381,"text":"ofr9162 - 1990 - Selected data for stream subbasins in the Le Sueur River basin, south-central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-24T22:36:51.046047","indexId":"ofr9162","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-62","title":"Selected data for stream subbasins in the Le Sueur River basin, south-central Minnesota","docAbstract":"This report presents selected data that describe the characteristics of stream basins upstream from selected points on streams in the Le Sueur River basin. The points on the streams include outlets of subbasins of about five square miles, sewage treatment plant outlets, and U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations in the basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr9162","usgsCitation":"Lorenz, D., and Payne, G.A., 1990, Selected data for stream subbasins in the Le Sueur River basin, south-central Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-62, Document: 8 p.; 1 Plate: 25.74 × 28.18 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9162.","productDescription":"Document: 8 p.; 1 Plate: 25.74 × 28.18 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":80144,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0062/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392121,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18049.htm"},{"id":136908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0062/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":80145,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1991/0062/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Le Sueur River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.17274475097656,\n 43.90927125982932\n ],\n [\n -94.17274475097656,\n 43.90630306901634\n ],\n [\n -94.16313171386719,\n 43.89838716989989\n ],\n [\n -94.1583251953125,\n 43.887501090045404\n ],\n [\n -94.15901184082031,\n 43.88255221411113\n ],\n [\n -94.16175842285156,\n 43.877107975725224\n ],\n [\n -94.15214538574217,\n 43.86324766961987\n ],\n [\n 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The points on the streams include outlets of subbasins of about five square miles, sewage treatment plant outlets, and U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations in the basin.
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