{"pageNumber":"1440","pageRowStart":"35975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165244,"records":[{"id":70046251,"text":"70046251 - 2013 - Flagging versus dragging as sampling methods for nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T14:21:10","indexId":"70046251","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2489,"text":"Journal of Vector Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flagging versus dragging as sampling methods for nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)","docAbstract":"The nymphal stage of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae), is responsible for most transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, to humans in North America. From 2010 to fall of 2012, we compared two commonly used techniques, flagging and dragging, as sampling methods for nymphal I. scapularis at three sites, each with multiple sampling arrays (grids), in the eastern and central United States. Flagging and dragging collected comparable numbers of nymphs, with no consistent differences between methods. Dragging collected more nymphs than flagging in some samples, but these differences were not consistent among sites or sampling years. The ratio of nymphs collected by flagging vs dragging was not significantly related to shrub density, so habitat type did not have a strong effect on the relative efficacy of these methods. Therefore, although dragging collected more ticks in a few cases, the numbers collected by each method were so variable that neither technique had a clear advantage for sampling nymphal I. scapularis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Vector Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1948-7134.2013.12022.x","usgsCitation":"Rulison, E., Kuczaj, I., Pang, G., Hickling, G., Tsao, J., and Ginsberg, H.S., 2013, Flagging versus dragging as sampling methods for nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae): Journal of Vector Ecology, v. 38, no. 1, p. 163-167, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1948-7134.2013.12022.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"167","ipdsId":"IP-043918","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/pls_facpubs/148","text":"External Repository"},{"id":273251,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273250,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1948-7134.2013.12022.x"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe59e4b08a3322c2c258","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rulison, Eric L.","contributorId":90197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rulison","given":"Eric L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuczaj, Isis","contributorId":87843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuczaj","given":"Isis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pang, Genevieve","contributorId":71087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pang","given":"Genevieve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hickling, Graham J.","contributorId":88639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickling","given":"Graham J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tsao, Jean I.","contributorId":71466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsao","given":"Jean I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ginsberg, Howard S. 0000-0002-4933-2466 hginsberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2466","contributorId":3204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"Howard","email":"hginsberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70046230,"text":"70046230 - 2013 - Human and biophysical influences on fire occurrence in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T12:44:30","indexId":"70046230","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Human and biophysical influences on fire occurrence in the United States","docAbstract":"National-scale analyses of fire occurrence are needed to prioritize fire policy and management activities across the United States. However, the drivers of national-scale patterns of fire occurrence are not well understood, and how the relative importance of human or biophysical factors varies across the country is unclear. Our research goal was to model the drivers of fire occurrence within ecoregions across the conterminous United States. We used generalized linear models to compare the relative influence of human, vegetation, climate, and topographic variables on fire occurrence in the United States, as measured by MODIS active fire detections collected between 2000 and 2006. We constructed models for all fires and for large fires only and generated predictive maps to quantify fire occurrence probabilities. Areas with high fire occurrence probabilities were widespread in the Southeast, and localized in the Mountain West, particularly in southern California, Arizona, and New Mexico. Probabilities for large-fire occurrence were generally lower, but hot spots existed in the western and south-central United States The probability of fire occurrence is a critical component of fire risk assessments, in addition to vegetation type, fire behavior, and the values at risk. Many of the hot spots we identified have extensive development in the wildland–urban interface and are near large metropolitan areas. Our results demonstrated that human variables were important predictors of both all fires and large fires and frequently exhibited nonlinear relationships. However, vegetation, climate, and topography were also significant variables in most ecoregions. If recent housing growth trends and fire occurrence patterns continue, these areas will continue to challenge policies and management efforts seeking to balance the risks generated by wildfires with the ecological benefits of fire.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ESA","doi":"10.1890/12-1816.1","usgsCitation":"Hawbaker, T., Radeloff, V., Stewart, S.I., Hammer, R.B., Keuler, N., and Clayton, M.K., 2013, Human and biophysical influences on fire occurrence in the United States: Ecological Applications, v. 23, no. 3, p. 565-582, https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1816.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"565","endPage":"582","ipdsId":"IP-042253","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273212,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273101,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-1816.1"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe59e4b08a3322c2c264","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Radeloff, Volker C.","contributorId":76169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radeloff","given":"Volker C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Susan I.","contributorId":78973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hammer, Roger B.","contributorId":9555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammer","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keuler, Nicholas S.","contributorId":102771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keuler","given":"Nicholas S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clayton, Murray K.","contributorId":78631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"Murray","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70044948,"text":"70044948 - 2013 - History and evaluation of national-scale geochemical data sets for the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T19:20:27.255318","indexId":"70044948","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1814,"text":"Geoscience Frontiers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History and evaluation of national-scale geochemical data sets for the United States","docAbstract":"Six national-scale, or near national-scale, geochemical data sets for soils or stream sediments exist for the United States. The earliest of these, here termed the ‘Shacklette’ data set, was generated by a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) project conducted from 1961 to 1975. This project used soil collected from a depth of about 20 cm as the sampling medium at 1323 sites throughout the conterminous U.S. The National Uranium Resource Evaluation Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance (NURE-HSSR) Program of the U.S. Department of Energy was conducted from 1975 to 1984 and collected either stream sediments, lake sediments, or soils at more than 378,000 sites in both the conterminous U.S. and Alaska. The sampled area represented about 65% of the nation. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), from 1978 to 1982, collected samples from multiple soil horizons at sites within the major crop-growing regions of the conterminous U.S. This data set contains analyses of more than 3000 samples. The National Geochemical Survey, a USGS project conducted from 1997 to 2009, used a subset of the NURE-HSSR archival samples as its starting point and then collected primarily stream sediments, with occasional soils, in the parts of the U.S. not covered by the NURE-HSSR Program. This data set contains chemical analyses for more than 70,000 samples. The USGS, in collaboration with the Mexican Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada, initiated soil sampling for the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project in 2007. Sampling of three horizons or depths at more than 4800 sites in the U.S. was completed in 2010, and chemical analyses are currently ongoing. The NRCS initiated a project in the 1990s to analyze the various soil horizons from selected pedons throughout the U.S. This data set currently contains data from more than 1400 sites. This paper (1) discusses each data set in terms of its purpose, sample collection protocols, and analytical methods; and (2) evaluates each data set in terms of its appropriateness as a national-scale geochemical database and its usefulness for national-scale geochemical mapping.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2012.07.002","usgsCitation":"Smith, D., Smith, S.M., and Horton, J.D., 2013, History and evaluation of national-scale geochemical data sets for the United States: Geoscience Frontiers, v. 4, no. 2, p. 167-183, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2012.07.002.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"183","ipdsId":"IP-030636","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2012.07.002","text":"Publisher Index 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]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe59e4b08a3322c2c260","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David B. 0000-0001-8396-9105 dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":1274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David B.","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Steven M. 0000-0003-3591-5377 smsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3591-5377","contributorId":1460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"smsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horton, John D. 0000-0003-2969-9073 jhorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-9073","contributorId":1227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"John","email":"jhorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046248,"text":"ds770 - 2013 - Groundwater well inventory and assessment in the area of the proposed Normally Pressured Lance natural gas development project, Green River Basin, Wyoming, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T09:41:04","indexId":"ds770","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"770","title":"Groundwater well inventory and assessment in the area of the proposed Normally Pressured Lance natural gas development project, Green River Basin, Wyoming, 2012","docAbstract":"During May through September 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, inventoried and assessed existing water wells in southwestern Wyoming for inclusion in a possible groundwater-monitor network. Records were located for 3,282 wells in the upper Green River Basin, which includes the U.S. Geological Survey study area and the proposed Normally Pressured Lance natural gas development project area. Records for 2,713 upper Green River Basin wells were determined to be unique (not duplicated) and to have a Wyoming State Engineers Office permit. Further, 376 of these wells were within the U.S. Geological Survey Normally Pressured Lance study area. Of the 376 wells in the U.S. Geological Survey Normally Pressured Lance study area, 141 well records had sufficient documentation, such as well depth, open interval, geologic log, and depth to water, to meet many, but not always all, established monitor well criteria. Efforts were made to locate each of the 141 wells and to document their current condition. Field crews were able to locate 121 of the wells, and the remaining 20 wells either were not located as described, or had been abandoned and the site reclaimed. Of the 121 wells located, 92 were found to meet established monitor well criteria. Results of the field efforts during May through September 2012, and specific physical characteristics of the 92 wells, are presented in this report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds770","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Sweat, M.J., 2013, Groundwater well inventory and assessment in the area of the proposed Normally Pressured Lance natural gas development project, Green River Basin, Wyoming, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 770, v, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds770.","productDescription":"v, 27 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-05-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":684,"text":"Wyoming Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds770.gif"},{"id":273146,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/770/"},{"id":273147,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/770/ds770.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Green River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.0,41.0 ], [ -111.0,45.0 ], [ -104.0,45.0 ], [ -104.0,41.0 ], [ -111.0,41.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe59e4b08a3322c2c25c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sweat, Michael J. mjsweat@usgs.gov","contributorId":356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweat","given":"Michael","email":"mjsweat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046253,"text":"70046253 - 2013 - Phytotoxicity of zinc and manganese to seedlings grown in soil contaminated by zinc smelting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T14:38:45","indexId":"70046253","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phytotoxicity of zinc and manganese to seedlings grown in soil contaminated by zinc smelting","docAbstract":"Historic emissions from two zinc smelters have injured the forest on Blue Mountain near Palmerton, Pennsylvania, USA. Seedlings of soybeans and five tree species were grown in a greenhouse in a series of mixtures of smelter-contaminated and reference soils and then phytotoxic thresholds were calculated. As little as 10% Palmerton soil mixed with reference soil killed or greatly stunted seedlings of most species. Zinc was the principal cause of the phytotoxicity to the tree seedlings, although Mn and Cd may also have been phytotoxic in the most contaminated soil mixtures. Calcium deficiency seemed to play a role in the observed phytotoxicity. Exposed soybeans showed symptoms of Mn toxicity. A test of the effect of liming on remediation of the Zn and Mn phytotoxicity caused a striking decrease in Sr-nitrate extractable metals in soils and demonstrated that liming was critical to remediation and restoration.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.013","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., Green, C., Beyer, M., and Chaney, R.L., 2013, Phytotoxicity of zinc and manganese to seedlings grown in soil contaminated by zinc smelting: Environmental Pollution, v. 179, p. 167-176, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.013.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"176","ipdsId":"IP-045551","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273258,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.013"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","city":"Palmerton","otherGeospatial":"Blue Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.723618,40.756051 ], [ -75.723618,40.845919 ], [ -75.509816,40.845919 ], [ -75.509816,40.756051 ], [ -75.723618,40.756051 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"179","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe5ae4b08a3322c2c270","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, C.E.","contributorId":47273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beyer, M.","contributorId":92953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chaney, R. L.","contributorId":81851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaney","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046252,"text":"70046252 - 2013 - Conservation of avian diversity in the Sierra Nevada: moving beyond a single-species management focus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T14:09:53","indexId":"70046252","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation of avian diversity in the Sierra Nevada: moving beyond a single-species management focus","docAbstract":"Background: As a result of past practices, many of the dry coniferous forests of the western United States contain dense, even-aged stands with uncharacteristically high levels of litter and downed woody debris.  These changes to the forest have received considerable attention as they elevate concerns regarding the outcome of wildland fire.   However, attempts to reduce biomass through fuel reduction (i.e., thinning of trees) are often opposed by public interest groups whose objectives include maintaining habitat for species of concern such as the spotted owl, Strix occidentalis, the northern goshawk, Accipiter gentilis, and the Pacific fisher, Martes pennanti. Whether protection of these upper-trophic level species confers adequate conservation of avian forest diversity is unknown. Methodology and Principal Findings:  We use a multi-species occurrence model to estimate the habitat associations of 47 avian species detected at 742 sampling locations within an 880-km<sup>2</sup> area in the Sierra Nevada.  Our approach, which accounts for variations in detectability of species, estimates occurrence probabilities of all species in a community by linking species occurrence models into one hierarchical community model, thus improving inferences on all species, especially those that are rare or observed infrequently.  We address how the avian community is influenced by covariates related to canopy cover, tree size and shrub cover while accounting for the impacts of abiotic variables known to affect species distributions. Conclusions and Significance:  Environmental parameters estimated through our approach emphasize the importance of within and between stand-level heterogeneity in meeting biodiversity objectives and suggests that many avian species would increase under more open canopy habitat conditions than those favored by umbrella species of high conservation concern.  Our results suggest that a more integrated approach that emphasizes maintaining a diversity of habitats across environmental gradients and minimizing urbanization may have a greater benefit to ecosystem functioning then a single-species management focus.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0063088","usgsCitation":"White, A.M., Zipkin, E., Manley, P.N., and Schlesinger, M.D., 2013, Conservation of avian diversity in the Sierra Nevada: moving beyond a single-species management focus: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 5, e63088, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063088.","productDescription":"e63088","ipdsId":"IP-043205","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063088","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273240,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063088"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.0,38.0 ], [ -121.0,39.75 ], [ -119.25,39.75 ], [ -119.25,38.0 ], [ -121.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe4ee4b08a3322c2c244","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Angela M.","contributorId":84255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zipkin, Elise F.","contributorId":70528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zipkin","given":"Elise F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manley, Patricia N.","contributorId":79010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manley","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schlesinger, Matthew D.","contributorId":103954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlesinger","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046263,"text":"ofr20131111 - 2013 - Development of a numerical model to simulate groundwater flow in the shallow aquifer system of Assateague Island, Maryland and Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-17T13:28:28","indexId":"ofr20131111","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1111","title":"Development of a numerical model to simulate groundwater flow in the shallow aquifer system of Assateague Island, Maryland and Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>A three-dimensional groundwater-flow model was developed for Assateague Island in eastern Maryland and Virginia to simulate both groundwater flow and solute (salt) transport to evaluate the groundwater system response to sea-level rise. The model was constructed using geologic and spatial information to represent the island geometry, boundaries, and physical properties and was calibrated using an inverse modeling parameter-estimation technique. An initial transient solute-transport simulation was used to establish the freshwater-saltwater boundary for a final calibrated steady-state model of groundwater flow. This model was developed as part of an ongoing investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program to improve capabilities for predicting potential climate-change effects and provide the necessary tools for adaptation and mitigation of potentially adverse impacts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131111","usgsCitation":"Masterson, J., Fienen, M., Gesch, D.B., and Carlson, C.S., 2013, Development of a numerical model to simulate groundwater flow in the shallow aquifer system of Assateague Island, Maryland and Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1111, vi, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131111.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131111.gif"},{"id":273217,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1111/pdf/ofr2013-1111_report_508.pdf"},{"id":273216,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1111/"}],"otherGeospatial":"Assateague Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.4376220703125,\n              37.83798775896515\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.34698486328125,\n              38.07620357665235\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1629638671875,\n              38.35888785866677\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.0421142578125,\n              38.51378825951165\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.00640869140625,\n              38.417014454352035\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.234375,\n              37.898697801966094\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.4376220703125,\n              37.83798775896515\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe58e4b08a3322c2c24c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gesch, Dean B. 0000-0002-8992-4933 gesch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8992-4933","contributorId":2956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gesch","given":"Dean","email":"gesch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlson, Carl S. 0000-0001-7142-3519 cscarlso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7142-3519","contributorId":1694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Carl","email":"cscarlso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046288,"text":"70046288 - 2013 - Controls of biological soil crust cover and composition shift with succession in sagebrush shrub-steppe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T21:07:50","indexId":"70046288","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls of biological soil crust cover and composition shift with succession in sagebrush shrub-steppe","docAbstract":"Successional stage may determine strength and causal direction of interactions among abiotic and biotic factors; e.g., species that facilitate the establishment of other species may later compete with them. We evaluated multivariate hypotheses about abiotic and biotic factors shaping biological soil crusts (BSCs) in early and late successional stages. We surveyed vegetation and BSC in the shrub-steppe ecosystem of the Columbia Basin. We analyzed the relationships with bryophyte and lichen covers using structural equation models, and analyzed the relationships with BSC composition using Indicator Species Analysis and distance-based linear models. Cover, indicator species, and composition varied with successional stage. Increasing elevation and bryophyte cover had higher lichen cover early in succession; these relationships were negative in the later successional stage. Lichen cover did not appear to impede B. tectorum cover, but B. tectorum appeared to strongly negatively affect lichen cover in both stages. Biological soil crust composition varied with bunchgrass cover in the early successional stage, but with elevation and B. tectorum cover later in succession. Our findings support the hypotheses that as succession progresses, the strength and direction of certain community interactions shift, and B. tectorum leads to reductions in biological soil crust cover regardless of successional stage.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.013","usgsCitation":"Dettweiler-Robinson, E., Bakker, J., and Grace, J., 2013, Controls of biological soil crust cover and composition shift with succession in sagebrush shrub-steppe: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 94, p. 96-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.013.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"104","ipdsId":"IP-034822","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273286,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.013"}],"volume":"94","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe57e4b08a3322c2c248","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettweiler-Robinson, E.","contributorId":59329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettweiler-Robinson","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bakker, J.D.","contributorId":78635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakker","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046286,"text":"70046286 - 2013 - Do hummocks provide a physiological advantage to even the most flood tolerant of tidal freshwater trees?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T21:14:03","indexId":"70046286","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do hummocks provide a physiological advantage to even the most flood tolerant of tidal freshwater trees?","docAbstract":"Hummock and hollow microtopography is pervasive in tidal freshwater swamps. Many tree species grow atop hummocks significantly more than in hollows, leading to the hypothesis that hummocks provide preferred locations for maximizing physiological proficiency of inhabiting trees that experience repeated flooding. We used thermal dissipation probes to measure the ecophysiological proficiency of a very flood-tolerant tree, Taxodium distichum, as manifested through in-situ changes in sapflow (a proxy for transpiration) in 11 trees on hummocks and 11 trees in hollows. Overall, sapflow increased significantly by 3.3 g H<sub>2</sub>O m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> (11 %) in trees on both hummocks and hollows during flooding, contrary to our expectations. We found no significant differences in sapflow rates between T. distichum trees positioned on hummocks versus hollows in relation to discrete flood events. Coincidentally, hummock elevations were equivalent to the flood depths that promoted greatest physiological proficiency in T. distichum, suggesting a physiological role for the maintenance of hummock height in tidal swamps. While we reject our original hypotheses that flooding and positioning in hollows will reduce sapflow in T. distichum, this research reveals a potentially important feedback between hummock height, flood depth, and maximum tree physiological response.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-013-0397-x","usgsCitation":"Duberstein, J., Krauss, K.W., Conner, W.H., Bridges, W.C., and Shelburne, V.B., 2013, Do hummocks provide a physiological advantage to even the most flood tolerant of tidal freshwater trees?: Wetlands, v. 33, no. 3, p. 399-408, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-013-0397-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"408","ipdsId":"IP-039216","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273292,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273285,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-013-0397-x"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe58e4b08a3322c2c250","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duberstein, Jamie A.","contributorId":91007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duberstein","given":"Jamie A.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":479377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conner, William H.","contributorId":79376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":479376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bridges, William C. Jr.","contributorId":99028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shelburne, Victor B.","contributorId":65369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelburne","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046291,"text":"sir20135077 - 2013 - Properties of basin-fill deposits, a 1971–2000 water budget, and surface-water-groundwater interactions in the upper Humboldt River basin, northeastern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-19T13:20:31","indexId":"sir20135077","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5077","title":"Properties of basin-fill deposits, a 1971–2000 water budget, and surface-water-groundwater interactions in the upper Humboldt River basin, northeastern Nevada","docAbstract":"This study was done in cooperation with Elko County, Nevada in response to concerns over growing demand for water within the county and increasing external demands that are occurring statewide. The upper Humboldt River basin encompasses 4,360 square miles in northeastern Nevada and includes the headwaters area of the Humboldt River. Nearly all of the mean annual flow of the Humboldt River originates in this area. Basin-fill deposits function as the principal aquifers in the upper Humboldt River basin. Over much of the basin lowlands, the upper 200 feet of basin fill consists of clay, silt, sand, and gravel deposited in a lake of middle to late Pliocene age. Fine-grained lacustrine sediments compose from 30 to more than 70 percent of the deposits. Mean values of transmissivity are less than 1,000 feet squared per day. Total inflow to the upper Humboldt River basin, about 3,330,000 acre-feet per year, is entirely from annual precipitation. Total outflow from the basin, about 3,330,000 acre-feet per year, occurs as evapotranspiration, streamflow, subsurface flow, and pumpage. The uncertainty of these values of inflow and outflow is estimated to be 25 percent.\n\nBaseflow of the Humboldt River is minimal upstream of the Elko Hills and in downstream reaches almost all baseflow comes from tributary inflow of the North Fork and South Fork Humboldt Rivers. However, the baseflow of these two tributaries comes from groundwater discharge to their respective channels in canyons incised in volcanic rocks along the North Fork and in carbonate rocks along the South Fork. Water levels in the shallow water-table aquifer along the Humboldt River flood plain fluctuate with changes in stage of the river. During high rising river stage in spring and early summer, streamflow enters the aquifer as bank storage. As stage begins to decline in early to mid-summer groundwater in bank storage begins discharging back into the river channel and this continues through late summer. In years of below average flow some reaches of the river are dry in late summer. Flood plain deposits are more permeable than adjacent and underlying fine-grained sediments of the Pliocene lake and the two aquifers are poorly connected.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135077","usgsCitation":"Plume, R.W., and Smith, J.L., 2013, Properties of basin-fill deposits, a 1971–2000 water budget, and surface-water-groundwater interactions in the upper Humboldt River basin, northeastern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5077, Report: vii, 46 p.; Data release, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135077.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 46 p.; Data release","numberOfPages":"57","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438788,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1FCJDTX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for the report Properties of Basin-Fill Deposits, a 1971–2000 Water Budget, and Surface-Water-Groundwater Interactions in the Upper Humboldt River Basin, Northeastern Nevada"},{"id":273290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135077.jpg"},{"id":345501,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7668BN7","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Evapotranspiration units and potential areas of groundwater discharge delineated July 20–24, 2009 in the upper Humboldt River Basin, northeastern Nevada"},{"id":273289,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5077/pdf/sir2013-5077.pdf"},{"id":273288,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5077/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.0,35.0 ], [ -120.0,42.0 ], [ -114.0,42.0 ], [ -114.0,35.0 ], [ -120.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe5be4b08a3322c2c274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plume, Russell W. rwplume@usgs.gov","contributorId":2303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plume","given":"Russell","email":"rwplume@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, J. LaRue jlsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"jlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LaRue","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045520,"text":"70045520 - 2013 - Identical metabolic rate and thermal conductance in Rock Sandpiper (<i>Calidris ptilocnemis</i>) subspecies with contrasting nonbreeding life histories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T11:22:23","indexId":"70045520","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identical metabolic rate and thermal conductance in Rock Sandpiper (<i>Calidris ptilocnemis</i>) subspecies with contrasting nonbreeding life histories","docAbstract":"Closely related species or subspecies can exhibit metabolic differences that reflect site-specific environmental conditions. Whether such differences represent fixed traits or flexible adjustments to local conditions, however, is difficult to predict across taxa. The nominate race of Rock Sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis) exhibits the most northerly nonbreeding distribution of any shorebird in the North Pacific, being common during winter in cold, dark locations as far north as upper Cook Inlet, Alaska (61°N). By contrast, the tschuktschorum subspecies migrates to sites ranging from about 59°N to more benign locations as far south as ~37°N. These distributional extremes exert contrasting energetic demands, and we measured common metabolic parameters in the two subspecies held under identical laboratory conditions to determine whether differences in these parameters are reflected by their nonbreeding life histories. Basal metabolic rate and thermal conductance did not differ between subspecies, and the subspecies had a similar metabolic response to temperatures below their thermoneutral zone. Relatively low thermal conductance values may, however, reflect intrinsic metabolic adaptations to northerly latitudes. In the absence of differences in basic metabolic parameters, the two subspecies’ nonbreeding distributions will likely be more strongly influenced by adaptations to regional variation in ecological factors such as prey density, prey quality, and foraging habitat.","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2012.12081","usgsCitation":"Ruthrauff, D.R., Dekinga, A., Gill, R., and Piersma, T., 2013, Identical metabolic rate and thermal conductance in Rock Sandpiper (<i>Calidris ptilocnemis</i>) subspecies with contrasting nonbreeding life histories: The Auk, v. 130, no. 1, p. 60-68, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.12081.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-042640","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.12081","text":"External Repository"},{"id":273294,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe5ae4b08a3322c2c268","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruthrauff, Daniel R. 0000-0003-1355-9156 druthrauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-9156","contributorId":4181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruthrauff","given":"Daniel","email":"druthrauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dekinga, Anne","contributorId":94956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dekinga","given":"Anne","affiliations":[{"id":36570,"text":"NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Piersma, Theunis","contributorId":95369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piersma","given":"Theunis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044669,"text":"70044669 - 2013 - Understanding how social networking influences perceived satisfaction with conference experiences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:49:03","indexId":"70044669","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":795,"text":"Annals of Leisure Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding how social networking influences perceived satisfaction with conference experiences","docAbstract":"Social networking is a key benefit derived from participation in conferences that bind the ties of a professional community. Building social networks can lead to satisfactory experiences while furthering participants' long- and short-term career goals. Although investigations of social networking can lend insight into how to effectively engage individuals and groups within a professional cohort, this area has been largely overlooked in past research. The present study investigates the relationship between social networking and satisfaction with the 10th Biennial Conference of Research on the Colorado Plateau using structural equation modelling. Results partially support the hypothesis that three dimensions of social networking – interpersonal connections, social cohesion, and secondary associations – positively contribute to the performance of various conference attributes identified in two focus group sessions. The theoretical and applied contributions of this paper shed light on the social systems formed within professional communities and resource allocation among service providers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Leisure Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/11745398.2013.772867","usgsCitation":"van Riper, C.J., van Riper, C., Kyle, G.T., and Lee, M.E., 2013, Understanding how social networking influences perceived satisfaction with conference experiences: Annals of Leisure Research, v. 16, no. 1, p. 103-114, https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2013.772867.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"114","ipdsId":"IP-036733","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273272,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2013.772867"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51aefe5be4b08a3322c2c27c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Riper, Carena J.","contributorId":42827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Riper","given":"Carena","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":476200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kyle, Gerard T.","contributorId":69405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kyle","given":"Gerard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Martha E.","contributorId":55720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189949,"text":"70189949 - 2013 - The storage time, age, and erosion hazard of laterally accreted sediment on the floodplain of a simulated meandering river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-31T09:08:03","indexId":"70189949","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The storage time, age, and erosion hazard of laterally accreted sediment on the floodplain of a simulated meandering river","docAbstract":"<p><span>A sediment particle traversing the fluvial system may spend the majority of the total transit time at rest, stored in various sedimentary deposits. Floodplains are among the most important of these deposits, with the potential to store large amounts of sediment for long periods of time. The virtual velocity of a sediment grain depends strongly on the amount of time spent in storage, but little is known about sediment storage times. Measurements of floodplain vegetation age have suggested that storage times are exponentially distributed, a case that arises when all the sediment on a floodplain is equally vulnerable to erosion in a given interval. This assumption has been incorporated into sediment routing models, despite some evidence that younger sediment is more likely to be eroded from floodplains than older sediment. We investigate the relationship between sediment age and erosion, which we term the “erosion hazard,” with a model of a meandering river that constructs its floodplain by lateral accretion. We find that the erosion hazard decreases with sediment age, leading to a storage time distribution that is not exponential. We propose an alternate model that requires that channel motion is approximately diffusive and results in a heavy tailed distribution of storage time. The model applies to timescales over which the direction of channel motion is uncorrelated. We speculate that the lower end of this range of time is set by the meander cutoff timescale and the upper end is set by processes that limit the width of the meander belt.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/jgrf.20083","usgsCitation":"Bradley, D.N., and Tucker, G., 2013, The storage time, age, and erosion hazard of laterally accreted sediment on the floodplain of a simulated meandering river: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 118, no. 3, p. 1308-1319, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20083.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1308","endPage":"1319","ipdsId":"IP-040347","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344456,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5980419de4b0a38ca2789373","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, D. Nathan","contributorId":79776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Nathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, Gregory E.","contributorId":39280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Gregory E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70045505,"text":"70045505 - 2013 - Heterogeneous rupture in the great Cascadia earthquake of 1700 inferred from coastal subsidence estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-01T09:59:20","indexId":"70045505","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heterogeneous rupture in the great Cascadia earthquake of 1700 inferred from coastal subsidence estimates","docAbstract":"Past earthquake rupture models used to explain paleoseismic estimates of coastal subsidence during the great A.D. 1700 Cascadia earthquake have assumed a uniform slip distribution along the megathrust. Here we infer heterogeneous slip for the Cascadia margin in A.D. 1700 that is analogous to slip distributions during instrumentally recorded great subduction earthquakes worldwide. The assumption of uniform distribution in previous rupture models was due partly to the large uncertainties of then available paleoseismic data used to constrain the models. In this work, we use more precise estimates of subsidence in 1700 from detailed tidal microfossil studies. We develop a 3-D elastic dislocation model that allows the slip to vary both along strike and in the dip direction. Despite uncertainties in the updip and downdip slip extensions, the more precise subsidence estimates are best explained by a model with along-strike slip heterogeneity, with multiple patches of high-moment release separated by areas of low-moment release. For example, in A.D. 1700, there was very little slip near Alsea Bay, Oregon (~44.4°N), an area that coincides with a segment boundary previously suggested on the basis of gravity anomalies. A probable subducting seamount in this area may be responsible for impeding rupture during great earthquakes. Our results highlight the need for more precise, high-quality estimates of subsidence or uplift during prehistoric earthquakes from the coasts of southern British Columbia, northern Washington (north of 47°N), southernmost Oregon, and northern California (south of 43°N), where slip distributions of prehistoric earthquakes are poorly constrained.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/jgrb.50101","usgsCitation":"Wang, P., Engelhart, S.E., Wang, K., Hawkes, A., Horton, B.P., Nelson, A.R., and Witter, R., 2013, Heterogeneous rupture in the great Cascadia earthquake of 1700 inferred from coastal subsidence estimates: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 118, no. 5, p. 2460-2473, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50101.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2460","endPage":"2473","ipdsId":"IP-043739","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50101","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273086,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50101"}],"country":"United States;Canada","state":"British Columbia;Washington;Oregon;California","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -139.1,32.5 ], [ -139.1,60.0 ], [ -114.1,60.0 ], [ -114.1,32.5 ], [ -139.1,32.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"118","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51adace2e4b07c214e64bcbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Pei-Ling","contributorId":44066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Pei-Ling","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Kelin","contributorId":15266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Kelin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hawkes, Andrea D.","contributorId":20240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkes","given":"Andrea D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Horton, Benjamin P.","contributorId":63641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70046231,"text":"ofr20131119 - 2013 - Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Fayette and Lycoming Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004–2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T17:34:04","indexId":"ofr20131119","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1119","title":"Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Fayette and Lycoming Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004–2010","docAbstract":"<p>Increased demands for cleaner burning energy, coupled with the relatively recent technological advances in accessing unconventional hydrocarbon-rich geologic formations, have led to an intense effort to find and extract natural gas from various underground sources around the country. One of these sources, the Marcellus Shale, located in the Allegheny Plateau, is currently undergoing extensive drilling and production. The technology used to extract gas in the Marcellus Shale is known as hydraulic fracturing and has garnered much attention because of its use of large amounts of fresh water, its use of proprietary fluids for the hydraulic-fracturing process, its potential to release contaminants into the environment, and its potential effect on water resources. Nonetheless, development of natural gas extraction wells in the Marcellus Shale is only part of the overall natural gas story in this area of Pennsylvania. Conventional natural gas wells, which sometimes use the same technique, are commonly located in the same general area as the Marcellus Shale and are frequently developed in clusters across the landscape. The combined effects of these two natural gas extraction methods create potentially serious patterns of disturbance on the landscape. This document quantifies the landscape changes and consequences of natural gas extraction for Fayette County and Lycoming County in Pennsylvania between 2004 and 2010. Patterns of landscape disturbance related to natural gas extraction activities were collected and digitized using National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery for 2004, 2005/2006, 2008, and 2010. The disturbance patterns were then used to measure changes in land cover and land use using the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) of 2001. A series of landscape metrics is also used to quantify these changes and is included in this publication.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131119","usgsCitation":"Slonecker, E., Milheim, L., Roig-Silva, C., Malizia, A., and Gillenwater, B., 2013, Landscape consequences of natural gas extraction in Fayette and Lycoming Counties, Pennsylvania, 2004–2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1119, v, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131119.","productDescription":"v, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273109,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131119.gif"},{"id":273106,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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A.R.","contributorId":98991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malizia","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gillenwater, B.H.","contributorId":20635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillenwater","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046226,"text":"ofr20131098 - 2013 - Summary of science, activities, programs, and policies that influence the rangewide conservation of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-03T12:39:08","indexId":"ofr20131098","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1098","title":"Summary of science, activities, programs, and policies that influence the rangewide conservation of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus)","docAbstract":"The Greater Sage-Grouse, has been observed, hunted, and counted for decades. The sagebrush biome, home to the Greater Sage-Grouse, includes sagebrush-steppe and Great Basin sagebrush communities, interspersed with grasslands, salt flats, badlands, mountain ranges, springs, intermittent creeks and washes, and major river systems, and is one of the most widespread and enigmatic components of Western U.S. landscapes. Over time, habitat conversion, degradation, and fragmentation have accumulated across the entire range such that local conditions as well as habitat distributions at local and regional scales are negatively affecting the long-term persistence of this species. Historic patterns of human use and settlement of the sagebrush ecosystem have contributed to the current condition and status of sage-grouse populations. The accumulation of habitat loss, persistent habitat degradation, and fragmentation by industry and urban infrastructure, as indicated by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) findings, presents a significant challenge for conservation of this species and sustainable management of the sagebrush ecosystem. Because of the wide variations in natural and human history across these landscapes, no single prescription for management of sagebrush ecosystems (including sage-grouse habitats) will suffice to guide the collective efforts of public and private entities to conserve the species and its habitat.  This report documents and summarizes several decades of work on sage-grouse populations, sagebrush as habitat, and sagebrush community and ecosystem functions based on the recent assessment and findings of the USFWS under consideration of the Endangered Species Act. As reflected here, some of these topics receive a greater depth of discussion because of the perceived importance of the issue for sagebrush ecosystems and sage-grouse populations. Drawing connections between the direct effects on sagebrush ecosystems and the effect of ecosystem condition on habitat condition, and finally the connection between habitat quality and sage-grouse population dynamics remains an important goal for science, management, and conservation. This effort is necessary, despite the perception that these complicated, indirect relations are difficult to characterize and manage, and the many advances in understanding and application developed toward this end have been documented here to help inform regional planning and policy decisions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131098","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Manier, D., Wood, D., Bowen, Z., Donovan, R., Holloran, M., Juliusson, L., Mayne, K., Oyler-McCance, S., Quamen, F., Saher, D., and Titolo, A., 2013, Summary of science, activities, programs, and policies that influence the rangewide conservation of Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1098, xii, 172 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131098.","productDescription":"xii, 172 p.","numberOfPages":"186","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131098.gif"},{"id":273093,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1098/"},{"id":273094,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1098/OF13-1098.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California;Colorado;Montana;Nebraska;Nevada;Oregon;South Dakota;Utah;Washington;Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.01611111111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,0.001388888888888889 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,0.001388888888888889 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.01611111111111111,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51adace4e4b07c214e64bccb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manier, D.J.","contributorId":90621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manier","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, David J.A.","contributorId":36446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"David J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowen, Z.H.","contributorId":81045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Z.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Donovan, R.M.","contributorId":90622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holloran, M.J.","contributorId":50000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holloran","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Juliusson, L.M.","contributorId":58927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juliusson","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mayne, K.S.","contributorId":69447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayne","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Oyler-McCance, S.J.","contributorId":75877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Quamen, F.R.","contributorId":89326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quamen","given":"F.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Saher, D.J.","contributorId":54933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saher","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Titolo, A.J.","contributorId":64978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titolo","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70046242,"text":"pp1798E - 2013 - Documenting the stages and streamflows associated with the 2011 activation of the New Madrid Floodway, Missouri","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70046242,"text":"pp1798E - 2013 - Documenting the stages and streamflows associated with the 2011 activation of the New Madrid Floodway, Missouri","indexId":"pp1798E","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Documenting the stages and streamflows associated with the 2011 activation of the New Madrid Floodway, Missouri"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-18T13:21:34.384986","indexId":"pp1798E","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1798","chapter":"E","title":"Documenting the stages and streamflows associated with the 2011 activation of the New Madrid Floodway, Missouri","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey initiated a substantial effort in the summer of 2011 to measure and document the record-setting floods of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers, including the reach in and near the New Madrid Floodway. The activation of the floodway, which had not occurred since 1937, provided a rare opportunity to collect a unique dataset describing a flood wave downstream from a levee breach as well as the flow through a large floodway. A total of 42 submersible pressure transducers collected time series of water levels while crews collected hundreds of depth, velocity, and streamflow measurements at selected locations in and near the floodway throughout the period from late April to late June. These data are presented in this chapter.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2011 floods of the central United States (Professional Paper 1798)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1798E","usgsCitation":"Koenig, T.A., and Holmes, R.R., 2013, Documenting the stages and streamflows associated with the 2011 activation of the New Madrid Floodway, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1798, Report: v, 31 p.; USGS 2011 New Madrid Floodway Data Archive, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1798E.","productDescription":"Report: v, 31 p.; USGS 2011 New Madrid Floodway Data Archive","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273128,"rank":1,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/floods/events/2011/BPNM/data_archive/"},{"id":273127,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798e/pdf/pp1798e.pdf"},{"id":273126,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798e/"},{"id":273129,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1798e.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"New Madrid Floodway","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.77,36.0 ], [ -95.77,40.61 ], [ -89.1,40.61 ], [ -89.1,36.0 ], [ -95.77,36.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51adaccfe4b07c214e64bcb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koenig, Todd A. 0000-0001-5635-0219 tkoenig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-0219","contributorId":4463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Todd","email":"tkoenig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holmes, Robert R. Jr. 0000-0002-5060-3999 bholmes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3999","contributorId":1624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"bholmes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043776,"text":"70043776 - 2013 - Habitat use and diet composition of juvenile Atlantic salmon in a tributary of Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-03T10:45:17","indexId":"70043776","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use and diet composition of juvenile Atlantic salmon in a tributary of Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"The habitat use and diet of juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar was examined in the South Sandy Creek drainage that discharges into eastern Lake Ontario. Subyearling salmon were stocked in early May during two consecutive years, and habitat and diet evaluations were made in mid-July and mid-October in 2005 and 2006. Both subyearling and yearling Atlantic salmon occupied deeper and faster areas that had more cover and larger sized substrate materials than was present, on average, within the study reach. Differences in habitat use between subyearling and yearling salmon only occurred in summer. Principal component analysis showed that of the habitat variables examined, the amount of cover and size of substrate were more important to juvenile salmon in summer, whereas depth and velocity were more important in the fall. Trichopteran larvae (mainly hydropsychids) dominated the diet of juvenile Atlantic salmon, and parr were feeding most heavily from the substrate as compared to the drift. The juvenile ecology of this re-introduced population of Atlantic salmon is consistent with that reported in other studies throughout the species native range.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2012.12.001","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., 2013, Habitat use and diet composition of juvenile Atlantic salmon in a tributary of Lake Ontario: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 39, no. 1, p. 162-167, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.12.001.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"162","endPage":"167","ipdsId":"IP-042045","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273083,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.12.001"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario;South Sandy Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.62,42.74 ], [ -80.62,44.72 ], [ -75.22,44.72 ], [ -75.22,42.74 ], [ -80.62,42.74 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51adace1e4b07c214e64bcbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046235,"text":"70046235 - 2013 - The timing of scour and fill in a gravel-bedded river measured with buried accelerometers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-27T13:26:16","indexId":"70046235","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The timing of scour and fill in a gravel-bedded river measured with buried accelerometers","docAbstract":"<p>A device that measures the timing of streambed scour and the duration of sediment mobilization at specific depths of a streambed was developed using data-logging accelerometers placed within the gravel substrate of the Cedar River, Washington, USA. Each accelerometer recorded its orientation every 20 min and remained stable until the surrounding gravel matrix mobilized as sediment was transported downstream and scour reached the level of the accelerometer. The accelerometer scour monitors were deployed at 26 locations in salmon-spawning habitat during the 2010&ndash;2011 flood season to record when the streambed was scoured to the depth of typical egg-pocket deposition. Scour was recorded at one location during a moderate high-flow event (65 m<sup>3</sup>/s; 1.25&ndash;1.5-year recurrence interval) and at 17 locations during a larger high-flow event (159 m<sup>3</sup>/s; 7-year recurrence interval). Accelerometer scour monitors recorded periods of intermittent sediment mobilization and stability within a high-flow event providing insight into the duration of scour. Most scour was recorded during the rising limb and at the peak of a flood hydrograph, though some scour occurred during sustained high flows following the peak of the flood hydrograph.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.05.012","usgsCitation":"Gendaszek, A.S., Magirl, C.S., Czuba, C.R., and Konrad, C.P., 2013, The timing of scour and fill in a gravel-bedded river measured with buried accelerometers: Journal of Hydrology, v. 495, p. 186-196, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.05.012.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"186","endPage":"196","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044142","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273130,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.05.012"}],"volume":"495","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51adace4e4b07c214e64bccf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gendaszek, Andrew S. 0000-0002-2373-8986 agendasz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2373-8986","contributorId":3509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gendaszek","given":"Andrew","email":"agendasz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Czuba, Christiana R. cczuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":4555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czuba","given":"Christiana","email":"cczuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":479251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Konrad, Christopher P. 0000-0002-7354-547X cpkonrad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-547X","contributorId":1716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"Christopher","email":"cpkonrad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046228,"text":"sir20135068 - 2013 - Mercury in wetlands at the Glacial Ridge National Wildlife Refuge, northwestern Minnesota, 2007-9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-03T13:22:23","indexId":"sir20135068","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5068","title":"Mercury in wetlands at the Glacial Ridge National Wildlife Refuge, northwestern Minnesota, 2007-9","docAbstract":"The Glacial Ridge National Wildlife Refuge was established in 2004 on land in northwestern Minnesota that had previously undergone extensive wetland and prairie restorations. About 7,000 acres of drained wetlands were restored to their original hydrologic function and aquatic ecosystem. During 2007–9, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Red Lake Watershed District, analyzed mercury concentrations in wetland water and sediment to evaluate the effect of wetland restoration on mercury methylation. The wetland waters sampled generally were of the calcium/magnesium bicarbonate type. Nitrogen in water was mostly in the form of dissolved-organic nitrogen, with very low dissolved-nitrate and dissolved-ammonia concentrations. About 71 percent of all phosphorus in water was dissolved, with one-half of that in the form of orthophosphorus. Wetland water had total-mercury and methylmercury concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 20 nanograms per liter (ng/L) and 0.2 to 16 ng/L, respectively. Median concentrations were 7.1 and 2.9 ng/L, respectively. About one-half of the mercury in wetland water samples was in the form of methylmercury, but this form ranged from 7 to 81 percent of each sample.\n\nCompared to concentrations in stream sediment samples collected throughout the United States, Glacial Ridge National Wildlife Refuge wetland sediment samples contained typical total-mercury concentrations, but methylmercury concentrations were nearly twice as high. The maximum concentration measured in Glacial Ridge National Wildlife Refuge wetland water approached the highest published water methylmercury concentration in uncontaminated waters of which we are aware. However, the upper quartile of water methylmercury concentrations is similar to concentrations reported for some impoundments and wetlands in northwestern Minnesota and North Dakota. Methylmercury concentrations in sampled wetlands were much higher than those from typical lakes or flowing streams throughout the United States.\n\nThe high concentrations of methylmercury measured in sampled wetlands indicate the potential for substantial methylmercury concentrations in aquatic biota and wildlife that consume those biota. These wetlands also are a methylmercury source for downstream lakes and rivers. The high concentrations of methylmercury in water, its bioaccumulation potential, and its known toxicity in aquatic birds and food webs highlight a need to assess methylmercury in the biota within these ecosystems. Better understanding of factors that control methylmercury production concentrations within aquatic food webs in ecosystems of the Glacial Ridge National Wildlife Refuge would enable resource managers to better understand and manage risk to wildlife.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135068","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Red Lake Watershed District","usgsCitation":"Cowdery, T.K., and Brigham, M.E., 2013, Mercury in wetlands at the Glacial Ridge National Wildlife Refuge, northwestern Minnesota, 2007-9: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5068, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135068.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135068.gif"},{"id":273096,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5068/"},{"id":273098,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5068/pdf/sir2013-5068.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Glacial Ridge National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.3949,47.6441 ], [ -96.3949,47.7605 ], [ -96.0,47.7605 ], [ -96.0,47.6441 ], [ -96.3949,47.6441 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51adace4e4b07c214e64bcc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cowdery, Timothy K. 0000-0001-9402-6575 cowdery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-6575","contributorId":456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowdery","given":"Timothy","email":"cowdery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brigham, Mark E. 0000-0001-7412-6800 mbrigham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7412-6800","contributorId":1840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brigham","given":"Mark","email":"mbrigham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046244,"text":"fs20133022 - 2013 - UNLV’s environmentally friendly Science and Engineering Building is monitored for earthquake shaking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-03T19:04:56","indexId":"fs20133022","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3022","title":"UNLV’s environmentally friendly Science and Engineering Building is monitored for earthquake shaking","docAbstract":"The University of Nevada Las Vegas’ (UNLV) Science and Engineering Building is at the cutting edge of environmentally friendly design. As the result of a recent effort by the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Strong Motion Project in cooperation with UNLV, the building is now also in the forefront of buildings installed with structural monitoring systems to measure response during earthquakes. This is particularly important because this is the first such building in Las Vegas. The seismic instrumentation will provide essential data to better understand the structural performance of buildings, especially in this seismically active region.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133022","collaboration":"In cooperation with University of Nevada, Las Vegas","usgsCitation":"Kalkan, E., Savage, W., Reza, S., Knight, E., and Tian, Y., 2013, UNLV’s environmentally friendly Science and Engineering Building is monitored for earthquake shaking: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3022, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133022.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273134,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133022.gif"},{"id":273132,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3022/"},{"id":273133,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3022/fs2013-3022.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","city":"Las Vegas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.136391,36.043348 ], [ -115.136391,36.045125 ], [ -115.134986,36.045125 ], [ -115.134986,36.043348 ], [ -115.136391,36.043348 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51adace5e4b07c214e64bcd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkan, Erol 0000-0002-9138-9407 ekalkan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-9407","contributorId":1218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkan","given":"Erol","email":"ekalkan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savage, Woody","contributorId":46395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"Woody","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reza, Shahneam sreza@usgs.gov","contributorId":5361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reza","given":"Shahneam","email":"sreza@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":479273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knight, Eric","contributorId":56543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tian, Ying","contributorId":92955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tian","given":"Ying","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70045487,"text":"70045487 - 2013 - Grizzly bear predation links the loss of native trout to the demography of migratory elk in Yellowstone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-08T12:01:04","indexId":"70045487","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grizzly bear predation links the loss of native trout to the demography of migratory elk in Yellowstone","docAbstract":"<p>The loss of aquatic subsidies such as spawning salmonids is known to threaten a number of terrestrial predators, but the effects on alternative prey species are poorly understood. At the heart of the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, an invasion of lake trout has driven a dramatic decline of native cutthroat trout that migrate up the shallow tributaries of Yellowstone Lake to spawn each spring. We explore whether this decline has amplified the effect of a generalist consumer, the grizzly bear, on populations of migratory elk that summer inside Yellowstone National Park (YNP). Recent studies of bear diets and elk populations indicate that the decline in cutthroat trout has contributed to increased predation by grizzly bears on the calves of migratory elk. Additionally, a demographic model that incorporates the increase in predation suggests that the magnitude of this diet shift has been sufficient to reduce elk calf recruitment (4&ndash;16%) and population growth (2&ndash;11%). The disruption of this aquatic&ndash;terrestrial linkage could permanently alter native species interactions in YNP. Although many recent ecological changes in YNP have been attributed to the recovery of large carnivores&mdash;particularly wolves&mdash;our work highlights a growing role of human impacts on the foraging behaviour of grizzly bears.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2013.0870","usgsCitation":"Middleton, A., Morrison, T.A., Fortin, J., Robbins, C.T., Proffitt, K.M., White, P., McWhirter, D.E., Koel, T., Brimeyer, D.G., Fairbanks, W.S., and Kauffman, M., 2013, Grizzly bear predation links the loss of native trout to the demography of migratory elk in Yellowstone: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 280, no. 1762, 20130870, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.0870.","productDescription":"20130870","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043027","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":473780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.0870","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273070,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.0870"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.16,44.13 ], [ -111.16,45.11 ], [ -109.83,45.11 ], [ -109.83,44.13 ], [ -111.16,44.13 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"280","issue":"1762","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51ac5b4fe4b0cc85b6ed6b39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Arthur D.","contributorId":99440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Arthur D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morrison, Thomas A.","contributorId":72277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fortin, Jennifer K.","contributorId":99030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortin","given":"Jennifer K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robbins, Charles T.","contributorId":32436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robbins","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5132,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Proffitt, Kelly M.","contributorId":106783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proffitt","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"White, P.J.","contributorId":91436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McWhirter, Douglas E.","contributorId":90623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McWhirter","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koel, Todd M.","contributorId":100782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koel","given":"Todd M.","affiliations":[{"id":36976,"text":"U.S. National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Brimeyer, Douglas G.","contributorId":20637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brimeyer","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fairbanks, W. Sue","contributorId":64982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairbanks","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Sue","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900 mkauffman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":2963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70003323,"text":"70003323 - 2013 - Animal migration amid shifting patterns of phenology and predation: Lessons from a Yellowstone elk herd","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-08T11:50:55","indexId":"70003323","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T15:29:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Animal migration amid shifting patterns of phenology and predation: Lessons from a Yellowstone elk herd","docAbstract":"<p><span>Migration is a striking behavioral strategy by which many animals enhance resource acquisition while reducing predation risk. Historically, the demographic benefits of such movements made migration common, but in many taxa the phenomenon is considered globally threatened. Here we describe a long-term decline in the productivity of elk (</span><i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Cervus elaphus</span></i><span>) that migrate through intact wilderness areas to protected summer ranges inside Yellowstone National Park, USA. We attribute this decline to a long-term reduction in the demographic benefits that ungulates typically gain from migration. Among migratory elk, we observed a 21-year, 70% reduction in recruitment and a 4-year, 19% depression in their pregnancy rate largely caused by infrequent reproduction of females that were young or lactating. In contrast, among resident elk, we have recently observed increasing recruitment and a high rate of pregnancy. Landscape-level changes in habitat quality and predation appear to be responsible for the declining productivity of Yellowstone migrants. From 1989 to 2009, migratory elk experienced an increasing rate and shorter duration of green-up coincident with warmer spring&ndash;summer temperatures and reduced spring precipitation, also consistent with observations of an unusually severe drought in the region. Migrants are also now exposed to four times as many grizzly bears (</span><i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Ursus arctos</span></i><span>) and wolves (</span><i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Canis lupus</span></i><span>) as resident elk. Both of these restored predators consume migratory elk calves at high rates in the Yellowstone wilderness but are maintained at low densities via lethal management and human disturbance in the year-round habitats of resident elk. Our findings suggest that large-carnivore recovery and drought, operating simultaneously along an elevation gradient, have disproportionately influenced the demography of migratory elk. Many migratory animals travel large geographic distances between their seasonal ranges. Changes in land use and climate that disparately influence such seasonal ranges may alter the ecological basis of migratory behavior, representing an important challenge for, and a powerful lens into, the ecology and conservation of migratory taxa.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/11-2298.1","usgsCitation":"Middleton, A., Kauffman, M., McWhirter, D.E., Cook, J.G., Cook, R.C., Nelson, A.A., Jimenez, M.D., and Klaver, R.W., 2013, Animal migration amid shifting patterns of phenology and predation: Lessons from a Yellowstone elk herd: Ecology, v. 94, no. 6, p. 1245-1256, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-2298.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1245","endPage":"1256","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025096","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473781,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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,{"id":70040561,"text":"70040561 - 2013 - Variations in surface water-ground water interactions along a headwater mountain stream : comparisons between transient storage and water balance analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-26T15:20:53","indexId":"70040561","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T15:11:52","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in surface water-ground water interactions along a headwater mountain stream : comparisons between transient storage and water balance analyses","docAbstract":"The accumulation of discharge along a stream valley is frequently assumed to be the primary control on solute transport processes. Relationships of both increasing and decreasing transient storage, and decreased gross losses of stream water have been reported with increasing discharge; however, we have yet to validate these relationships with extensive field study. We conducted transient storage and mass recovery analyses of artificial tracer studies completed for 28 contiguous 100 m reaches along a stream valley, repeated under four base-flow conditions. We calculated net and gross gains and losses, temporal moments of tracer breakthrough curves, and best fit transient storage model parameters (with uncertainty estimates) for 106 individual tracer injections. Results supported predictions that gross loss of channel water would decrease with increased discharge. However, results showed no clear relationship between discharge and transient storage, and further analysis of solute tracer methods demonstrated that the lack of this relation may be explained by uncertainty and equifinality in the transient storage model framework. Furthermore, comparison of water balance and transient storage approaches reveals complications in clear interpretation of either method due to changes in advective transport time, which sets a the temporal boundary separating transient storage and channel water balance. We have little ability to parse this limitation of solute tracer methods from the physical processes we seek to study. We suggest the combined analysis of both transient storage and channel water balance more completely characterizes transport of solutes in stream networks than can be inferred from either method alone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20148","usgsCitation":"Ward, A.S., Payn, R.A., Gooseff, M.N., McGlynn, B.L., Bencala, K.E., Kelleher, C.A., Wondzell, S.M., and Wagener, T., 2013, Variations in surface water-ground water interactions along a headwater mountain stream : comparisons between transient storage and water balance analyses: Water Resources Research, v. 49, p. 3359-3374, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20148.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"3359","endPage":"3374","ipdsId":"IP-038702","costCenters":[{"id":434,"text":"National Research Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20148","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":282865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282864,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20148"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Tenderfoot Creek Experimental Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.892,46.92 ], [ -110.892,46.93 ], [ -110.891,46.93 ], [ -110.891,46.92 ], [ -110.892,46.92 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7afbe4b0b2908510dd5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, Adam S.","contributorId":11508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Payn, Robert A.","contributorId":36461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gooseff, Michael N.","contributorId":71880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gooseff","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGlynn, Brian L.","contributorId":83012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGlynn","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":468529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kelleher, Christa A.","contributorId":46417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelleher","given":"Christa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wondzell, Steven M.","contributorId":80189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wondzell","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wagener, Thorsten","contributorId":22658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagener","given":"Thorsten","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70199976,"text":"70199976 - 2013 - Hydrodynamics of spur and groove formations on a coral reef","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T14:59:26","indexId":"70199976","displayToPublicDate":"2013-06-01T14:59:17","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrodynamics of spur and groove formations on a coral reef","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Spur and groove (SAG) formations are found on the fore reefs of many coral reefs worldwide. Although these formations are primarily present in wave‐dominated environments, their effect on wave‐driven hydrodynamics is not well understood. A two‐dimensional, depth‐averaged, phase‐resolving nonlinear Boussinesq model (<i>funwaveC</i>) was used to model hydrodynamics on a simplified SAG system. The modeling results show that the SAG formations together with shoaling waves induce a nearshore Lagrangian circulation pattern of counter‐rotating circulation cells. The mechanism driving the modeled flow is an alongshore imbalance between the pressure gradient (PG) and nonlinear wave (NLW) terms in the momentum balance. Variations in model parameters suggest the strongest factors affecting circulation include spur‐normal waves, increased wave height, weak alongshore currents, increased spur height, and decreased bottom drag. The modeled circulation is consistent with a simple scaling analysis based on the dynamical balance of NLW, PG, and bottom stress terms. Model results indicate that the SAG formations efficiently drive circulation cells when the alongshore SAG wavelength allows for the effects of diffraction to create alongshore differences in wave height without changing the mean wave angle.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/jgrc.20225","usgsCitation":"Rogers, J.S., Monismith, S., Feddersen, F., and Storlazzi, C.D., 2013, Hydrodynamics of spur and groove formations on a coral reef: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 118, no. 6, p. 3059-3073, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20225.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"3059","endPage":"3073","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473783,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20225","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc03aa0e4b0fc368eb53b2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, Justin S.","contributorId":208527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":57228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feddersen, Falk","contributorId":194420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feddersen","given":"Falk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":140584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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