{"pageNumber":"1443","pageRowStart":"36050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184720,"records":[{"id":70049063,"text":"sir20135189 - 2013 - Relations between DNA- and RNA-based molecular methods for cyanobacteria and microcystin concentration at Maumee Bay State Park Lakeside Beach, Oregon, Ohio, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-07T14:33:55","indexId":"sir20135189","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-07T14:21:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5189","title":"Relations between DNA- and RNA-based molecular methods for cyanobacteria and microcystin concentration at Maumee Bay State Park Lakeside Beach, Oregon, Ohio, 2012","docAbstract":"

Water samples were collected from Maumee Bay State Park Lakeside Beach, Oregon, Ohio, during the 2012 recreational season and analyzed for selected cyanobacteria gene sequences by DNA-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and RNA-based quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results from the four DNA assays (for quantifying total cyanobacteria, total Microcystis, and Microcystis and Planktothrix strains that possess the microcystin synthetase E (mcyE) gene) and two RNA assays (for quantifying Microcystis and Planktothrix genera that are expressing the microcystin synthetase E (mcyE) gene) were compared to microcystin concentration results determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

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Concentrations of the target in replicate analyses were log10 transformed. The average value of differences in log10 concentrations for the replicates that had at least one detection were found to range from 0.05 to >0.37 copy per 100 milliliters (copy/100 mL) for DNA-based methods and from >0.04 to >0.17 copy/100 mL for RNA-based methods.

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\n

RNA has a shorter half-life than DNA; consequently, a 24-hour holding-time study was done to determine the effects of holding time on RNA concentrations. Holding-time comparisons for the RNA-based Microcystis toxin mcyE assay showed reductions in the number of copies per 100 milliliters over 24 hours. The log difference between time 2 hours and time 24 hours was >0.37 copy/100 mL, which was higher than the analytical variability (log difference of >0.17 copy/100 mL).

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Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated that microcystin toxin concentrations were moderately to highly related to DNA-based assay results for total cyanobacteria (rho=0.69), total Microcystis (rho=0.74), and Microcystis strains that possess the mcyE gene (rho=0.81). Microcystin toxin concentrations were strongly related with RNA-based assay results for Microcystis mcyE gene expression (rho=0.95). Correlation analysis could not be done for Planktothrix mcyE gene expression because of too few detections.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135189","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Lake Erie Commission","usgsCitation":"Stelzer, E.A., Loftin, K.A., and Struffolino, P., 2013, Relations between DNA- and RNA-based molecular methods for cyanobacteria and microcystin concentration at Maumee Bay State Park Lakeside Beach, Oregon, Ohio, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5189, iv, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135189.","productDescription":"iv, 9 p.","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-051214","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280671,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135189.jpg"},{"id":280669,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5189/"},{"id":280670,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5189/pdf/sir2013-5189.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"Ohio","city":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie;Maumee Bay State Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.387003,41.678489 ], [ -83.387003,41.689931 ], [ -83.362584,41.689931 ], [ -83.362584,41.678489 ], [ -83.387003,41.678489 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cd2200e4b0c3f95143ed19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stelzer, Erin A. 0000-0001-7645-7603 eastelzer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-7603","contributorId":1933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelzer","given":"Erin","email":"eastelzer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, Keith A. 0000-0001-5291-876X kloftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-876X","contributorId":868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","email":"kloftin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Struffolino, Pamela","contributorId":87233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Struffolino","given":"Pamela","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70065869,"text":"70065869 - 2013 - Nest success and reproductive ecology of the Texas Botteri’s Sparrow (Peucaea botterii texana) in exotic and native grasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T16:20:13","indexId":"70065869","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-07T11:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest success and reproductive ecology of the Texas Botteri’s Sparrow (Peucaea botterii texana) in exotic and native grasses","docAbstract":"

Very little information is available for Peucaea botterii texana (Texas Botteri's Sparrow) and nothing is known about its nesting ecology, in part due to its cryptic behavior and nesting strategies. Our goal was to examine the nesting ecology of Texas Botteri's Sparrows and compare reproductive success between exotic and native grasslands. We searched for and monitored nests in 2004 and 2005 on the King Ranch in southern Texas. We found no relationship in reproductive effort, nest characteristics, and plant species richness around the nest between grassland types. Vegetation surrounding Texas Botteri's Sparrow nests was significantly taller and denser in native grasslands than in exotic grasslands. Further research on nesting ecology for the Texas Botteri's Sparrow is necessary to determine its habitat needs and its role as an indicator of grassland quality.

","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.012.0212","usgsCitation":"Miller, K., McCarthy, E.M., Woodin, M.C., and Withers, K., 2013, Nest success and reproductive ecology of the Texas Botteri’s Sparrow (Peucaea botterii texana) in exotic and native grasses: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 12, no. 2, p. 387-398, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.012.0212.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"398","ipdsId":"IP-025520","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280645,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/058.012.0212"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cd21fee4b0c3f95143ed0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Katherine S.","contributorId":31297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Katherine S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCarthy, Erin M.","contributorId":96582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodin, Marc C.","contributorId":56316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodin","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Withers, Kim","contributorId":21452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Withers","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048353,"text":"70048353 - 2013 - NGA-West 2 Equations for predicting PGA, PGV, and 5%-Damped PSA for shallow crustal earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-23T12:59:38","indexId":"70048353","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-07T10:44:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NGA-West 2 Equations for predicting PGA, PGV, and 5%-Damped PSA for shallow crustal earthquakes","docAbstract":"We provide ground-motion prediction equations for computing medians and standard deviations of average horizontal component intensity measures (IMs) for shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions. The equations were derived from a global database with M 3.0–7.9 events. We derived equations for the primary M- and distance-dependence of the IMs after fixing the VS30-based nonlinear site term from a parallel NGA-West 2 study. We then evaluated additional effects using mixed effects residuals analysis, which revealed no trends with source depth over the M range of interest, indistinct Class 1 and 2 event IMs, and basin depth effects that increase and decrease long-period IMs for depths larger and smaller, respectively, than means from regional VS30-depth relations. Our aleatory variability model captures decreasing between-event variability with M, as well as within-event variability that increases or decreases with M depending on period, increases with distance, and decreases for soft sites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Berkeley, CA","doi":"10.1193/070113EQS184M","usgsCitation":"Boore, D.M., Stewart, J.P., Seyhan, E., and Atkinson, G.M., 2013, NGA-West 2 Equations for predicting PGA, PGV, and 5%-Damped PSA for shallow crustal earthquakes: Earthquake Spectra, v. 30, no. 3, p. 1057-1085, https://doi.org/10.1193/070113EQS184M.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1057","endPage":"1085","numberOfPages":"29","ipdsId":"IP-049134","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280643,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/070113EQS184M"}],"volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cd21fde4b0c3f95143ecfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, Jon P.","contributorId":78644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seyhan, Emel","contributorId":51193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seyhan","given":"Emel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Atkinson, Gail M.","contributorId":60515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13255,"text":"University of Western Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70059743,"text":"70059743 - 2013 - Environmental survey in the Tuul and Orkhon River basins of north-central Mongolia, 2010: Metals and other elements in streambed sediment and floodplain soil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-30T17:03:19.475861","indexId":"70059743","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-07T09:51:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental survey in the Tuul and Orkhon River basins of north-central Mongolia, 2010: Metals and other elements in streambed sediment and floodplain soil","docAbstract":"

Streambed sediment and subsurface floodplain soil were sampled for elemental analyses from 15 locations in river basins of north-central Mongolia during August 2010. Our primary objective was to conduct a reconnaissance-level assessment of potential inputs of toxicologically important metals and metalloids to Lake Baikal, Russia, that might originate from mining and urban activities within tributaries of the Selenga River in Mongolia. Samples were collected in triplicate from all sites, then dried, and sieved to <2 mm for analysis by portable X-ray florescence spectroscopy and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after digestion with concentrated nitric and hydrochloric acids. Arsenic, copper, and mercury were greatly elevated in sediment and floodplain soil collected from tributary streams located near two major mining operations. Lead and zinc were moderately elevated in streambed sediment and in floodplain soil obtained from a small tributary in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar, but those concentrations were considerably less than probable effects benchmarks. Historical and possibly present mining activities have led to considerable metal contamination in certain tributaries of the Orkhon River in north-central Mongolia; however, metals originating from those sources did not appear to be accumulating in sediments at our downstream-most sampling sites located near the border between Mongolia and Russia.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-013-3229-9","usgsCitation":"Brumbaugh, W.G., Tillitt, D.E., May, T.W., Javzan, C., and Komov, V.T., 2013, Environmental survey in the Tuul and Orkhon River basins of north-central Mongolia, 2010: Metals and other elements in streambed sediment and floodplain soil: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 185, no. 11, p. 8991-9008, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3229-9.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"8991","endPage":"9008","ipdsId":"IP-035628","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mongolia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 103.7439,47.7356 ], [ 103.7439,49.6178 ], [ 108.2263,49.6178 ], [ 108.2263,47.7356 ], [ 103.7439,47.7356 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"185","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cd21fce4b0c3f95143ecf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Javzan, Ch.","contributorId":245976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Javzan","given":"Ch.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Komov, V. T.","contributorId":6757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Komov","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70048961,"text":"sim3277 - 2013 - Lidar-revised geologic map of the Olalla 7.5' quadrangle, King, Kitsap, and Pierce Counties, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-26T15:59:48.629964","indexId":"sim3277","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-06T14:35:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3277","title":"Lidar-revised geologic map of the Olalla 7.5' quadrangle, King, Kitsap, and Pierce Counties, Washington","docAbstract":"

The Olalla 7.5' quadrangle, which lies almost in the center of the Puget Lowland, displays the broad range of geologic environments typical of the region. The upland plain is fluted by the passage of the great continental ice sheet that last covered the area about 17,000 (14,000 radiocarbon) years ago. The plain is cut by channel deposits, both late glacial and postglacial in age, and it is cleaved even more deeply by one of the major arms of Puget Sound, Colvos Passage, which here separates the west coast of Vashon Island from the Kitsap Peninsula.

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Beneath the deposits of the last ice sheet is a complex sequence of older Quaternary-age sediments that extends about 400 m below the modern ground surface. These older sediments are best exposed along the shorelines and beach cliffs of Puget Sound, where wave action and landslides maintain relatively fresh exposures. The older sediments typically are compact, having been loaded by ice during one or more episodes of glaciation subsequent to their deposition. Locally these sediments are also cemented by iron and manganese oxides and hydroxides, a consequence of many tens or hundreds of thousands of years of weathering and groundwater movement.

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Our map is an interpretation of a 6-ft resolution lidar-derived digital elevation model combined with the geology depicted on the \"Geologic map of the Olalla 7.5' quadrangle, King, Kitsap, and Pierce Counties, Washington,\" by Booth and Troost (2005), which was described, interpreted, and located on the 1953 1:24,000-scale topographic map of the Olalla 7.5-minute quadrangle. The original topographic base map, derived from 1951 aerial photographs, has 20-ft contours, nominal horizontal resolution of circa 40 ft (12 m), and nominal mean vertical accuracy of circa 13 ft (4 m). This new DEM has a horizontal resolution of 6 ft (2 m) and mean vertical accuracy circa 1 ft (0.3 m). The greater resolution and accuracy of the lidar DEM facilitated a much-improved interpretation of many aspects of the surficial geology, especially the distribution and relative age of landforms and the materials inferred to comprise them.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3277","usgsCitation":"Tabor, R.W., Haugerud, R.A., Booth, D.B., and Troost, K.G., 2013, Lidar-revised geologic map of the Olalla 7.5' quadrangle, King, Kitsap, and Pierce Counties, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3277, Pamphlet: ii, 14 p.; 1 Plate: 29.14 x 32.64 inches; Readme; Metadata; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3277.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: ii, 14 p.; 1 Plate: 29.14 x 32.64 inches; Readme; Metadata; Database","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-038416","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280629,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3277/pdf/sim3277_pamphlet.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":280633,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3277/downloads/sim3277_database.zip"},{"id":398885,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_99480.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":280634,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3277.jpg"},{"id":280631,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3277/pdf/OlallaREADME.pdf"},{"id":280630,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3277/pdf/sim3277.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":280632,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3277/downloads/olageol-genmd.txt"},{"id":280628,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3277/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"King County, Kitsap County, Pierce County","otherGeospatial":"Olalla 7.5' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.625,47.375 ], [ -122.625,47.5 ], [ -122.5,47.5 ], [ -122.5,47.375 ], [ -122.625,47.375 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cbd082e4b03116c9ddba00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tabor, Rowland W. rtabor@usgs.gov","contributorId":3816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabor","given":"Rowland","email":"rtabor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haugerud, Ralph A. 0000-0001-7302-4351 rhaugerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4351","contributorId":2691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugerud","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaugerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Booth, Derek B.","contributorId":100873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Booth","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":485883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Troost, Kathy Goetz","contributorId":35023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troost","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"Goetz","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048978,"text":"sir20135184 - 2013 - Hydrogeology and water quality in the Snake River alluvial aquifer at Jackson Hole Airport, Jackson, Wyoming, water years 2011 and 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-06T13:57:09","indexId":"sir20135184","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-06T13:41:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5184","title":"Hydrogeology and water quality in the Snake River alluvial aquifer at Jackson Hole Airport, Jackson, Wyoming, water years 2011 and 2012","docAbstract":"

The hydrogeology and water quality of the Snake River alluvial aquifer at the Jackson Hole Airport in northwest Wyoming was studied by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Jackson Hole Airport Board, during water years 2011 and 2012 as part of a followup to a previous baseline study during September 2008 through June 2009. Hydrogeologic conditions were characterized using data collected from 19 Jackson Hole Airport wells. Groundwater levels are summarized in this report and the direction of groundwater flow, hydraulic gradients, and estimated groundwater velocity rates in the Snake River alluvial aquifer underlying the study area are presented. Analytical results of groundwater samples collected from 10 wells during water years 2011 and 2012 are presented and summarized.

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The water table at Jackson Hole Airport was lowest in early spring and reached its peak in July or August, with an increase of 12.5 to 15.5 feet between April and July 2011. Groundwater flow was predominantly horizontal but generally had the hydraulic potential for downward flow. Groundwater flow within the Snake River alluvial aquifer at the airport was from the northeast to the west-southwest, with horizontal velocities estimated to be about 25 to 68 feet per day. This range of velocities slightly is broader than the range determined in the previous study and likely is due to variability in the local climate. The travel time from the farthest upgradient well to the farthest downgradient well was approximately 52 to 142 days. This estimate only describes the average movement of groundwater, and some solutes may move at a different rate than groundwater through the aquifer.

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The quality of the water in the alluvial aquifer generally was considered good. Water from the alluvial aquifer was fresh, hard to very hard, and dominated by calcium carbonate. No constituents were detected at concentrations exceeding U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant levels or health advisories; however, reduction and oxidation (redox) measurements indicate oxygen-poor water in many of the wells. Gasoline-range organics, three volatile organic compounds, and triazoles were detected in some groundwater samples. The quality of groundwater in the alluvial aquifer generally was suitable for domestic and other uses; however, dissolved iron and manganese were detected in samples from many of the monitor wells at concentrations exceeding U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary maximum contaminant levels. Iron and manganese likely are both natural components of the geologic materials in the area and may have become mobilized in the aquifer because of redox processes. Additionally, measurements of dissolved-oxygen concentrations and analyses of major ions and nutrients indicate reducing conditions exist at 7 of the 10 wells sampled.

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Measurements of dissolved-oxygen concentrations (less than 0.1 to 9 milligrams per liter) indicated some variability in the oxygen content of the aquifer. Dissolved-oxygen concentrations in samples from 3 of the 10 wells indicated oxic conditions in the aquifer, whereas low dissolved-oxygen concentrations (less than 1 milligram per liter) in samples from 7 wells indicated anoxic conditions. Nutrients were present in low concentrations in all samples collected. Nitrate plus nitrite was detected in samples from 6 of the 10 monitored wells, whereas dissolved ammonia was detected in small concentrations in 8 of the 10 monitored wells. Dissolved organic carbon concentrations generally were low. At least one dissolved organic carbon concentration was quantified by the laboratory in samples from all 10 wells; one of the concentrations was an order of magnitude higher than other detected dissolved organic carbon concentrations, and slightly exceeded the estimated range for natural groundwater.

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Samples were collected for analyses of dissolved gases, and field analyses of ferrous iron, hydrogen sulfide, and low-level dissolved oxygen were completed to better understand the redox conditions of the alluvial aquifer. Dissolved gas analyses confirmed low concentrations of dissolved oxygen in samples from wells where reducing conditions exist and indicated the presence of methane gas in samples from several wells. Redox processes in the alluvial aquifer were identified using a model designed to use a multiple-lines-of-evidence approach to distinguish reduction processes. Results of redox analyses indicate iron reduction was the dominant redox process; however, the model indicated manganese reduction and methanogenesis also were taking place in the aquifer.

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\n

Each set of samples collected during this study included analysis of at least two, but often many anthropogenic compounds. During the previous 2008–09 study at Jackson Hole Airport, diesel-range organics were measured in small (estimated) concentrations in several samples. Samples collected from all 10 wells sampled during the 2011–12 study were analyzed for diesel-range organics, and there were no detections; however, several other anthropogenic compounds were detected in groundwater samples during water years 2011—12 that were not detected during the previous 2008–09 study. Gasoline-range organics, benzene, ethylbenzene, and total xylene were each detected (but reported as estimated concentrations) in at least one groundwater sample. These compounds were not detected during the previous study or consistently during this study. Several possible reasons these compounds were not detected consistently include (1) these compounds are present in the aquifer at concentrations near the analytical method detection limit and are difficult to detect, (2) these compounds were not from a persistent source during this study, and (3) these compounds were detected because of contamination introduced during sampling or analysis. During water years 2011–2012, groundwater samples were analyzed for triazoles, specifically benzotriazole, 4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole, and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole. Triazoles are anthropogenic compounds often used as an additive in deicing and anti-icing fluids as a corrosion inhibitor, and can be detected at lower laboratory reporting levels than glycols, which previously had not been detected. Two of the three triazoles measured, 4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole, were detected at low concentrations in groundwater at 7 of the 10 wells sampled. The detection of triazole compounds in groundwater downgradient from airport operations makes it unlikely there is a natural cause for the high rates of reduction present in many airport monitor wells. It is more likely that aircraft deicers, anti-icers, or pavement deicers have seeped into the groundwater system and caused the reducing conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135184","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Jackson Hole Airport Board","usgsCitation":"Wright, P., 2013, Hydrogeology and water quality in the Snake River alluvial aquifer at Jackson Hole Airport, Jackson, Wyoming, water years 2011 and 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5184, vii, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135184.","productDescription":"vii, 56 p.","numberOfPages":"68","temporalStart":"2010-10-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-042348","costCenters":[{"id":684,"text":"Wyoming Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280625,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135184.jpg"},{"id":280624,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5184/pdf/sir2013-5184.pdf"},{"id":280623,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5184/"}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Jackson","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.047058,43.400059 ], [ -111.047058,43.899871 ], [ -110.398865,43.899871 ], [ -110.398865,43.400059 ], [ -111.047058,43.400059 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cbd082e4b03116c9ddb9fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Peter R. prwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":1828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Peter R.","email":"prwright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":485917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70067332,"text":"70067332 - 2013 - Fluvial rainbow trout contribute to the colonization of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a small stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-26T11:00:16","indexId":"70067332","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-06T13:30:56","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluvial rainbow trout contribute to the colonization of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a small stream","docAbstract":"

Life history polymorphisms provide ecological and genetic diversity important to the long term persistence of species responding to stochastic environments. Oncorhynchus mykiss have complex and overlapping life history strategies that are also sympatric with hatchery populations. Passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and parentage analysis were used to identify the life history, origin (hatchery or wild) and reproductive success of migratory rainbow/steelhead for two brood years after barriers were removed from a small stream. The fluvial rainbow trout provided a source of wild genotypes to the colonizing population boosting the number of successful spawners. Significantly more parr offspring were produced by anadromous parents than expected in brood year 2005, whereas significantly more parr offspring were produced by fluvial parents than expected in brood year 2006. Although hatchery steelhead were prevalent in the Methow Basin, they produced only 2 parr and no returning adults in Beaver Creek. On average, individual wild steelhead produced more parr offspring than the fluvial or hatchery groups. Yet, the offspring that returned as adult steelhead were from parents that produced few parr offspring, indicating that high production of parr offspring may not be related to greater returns of adult offspring. These data in combination with other studies of sympatric life histories of O. mykiss indicate that fluvial rainbow trout are important to the conservation and recovery of steelhead and should be included in the management and recovery efforts.

","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/s10641-013-0204-9","usgsCitation":"Weigel, D.E., Connolly, P., and Powell, M.S., 2013, Fluvial rainbow trout contribute to the colonization of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a small stream: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 97, no. 10, p. 1149-1159, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-013-0204-9.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1149","endPage":"1159","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040005","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280739,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Methow River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.21,48.05 ], [ -120.21,48.48 ], [ -119.93,48.48 ], [ -119.93,48.05 ], [ -120.21,48.05 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"97","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5a0ce4b0b290850f9167","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weigel, Dana E.","contributorId":79389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weigel","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, Madison S.","contributorId":33609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Madison","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70059914,"text":"70059914 - 2013 - The effect of sampling rate and anti-aliasing filters on high-frequency response spectra","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-17T10:29:44","indexId":"70059914","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-06T09:46:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1101,"text":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of sampling rate and anti-aliasing filters on high-frequency response spectra","docAbstract":"The most commonly used intensity measure in ground-motion prediction equations is the pseudo-absolute response spectral acceleration (PSA), for response periods from 0.01 to 10 s (or frequencies from 0.1 to 100 Hz). PSAs are often derived from recorded ground motions, and these motions are usually filtered to remove high and low frequencies before the PSAs are computed. In this article we are only concerned with the removal of high frequencies. In modern digital recordings, this filtering corresponds at least to an anti-aliasing filter applied before conversion to digital values. Additional high-cut filtering is sometimes applied both to digital and to analog records to reduce high-frequency noise. Potential errors on the short-period (high-frequency) response spectral values are expected if the true ground motion has significant energy at frequencies above that of the anti-aliasing filter. This is especially important for areas where the instrumental sample rate and the associated anti-aliasing filter corner frequency (above which significant energy in the time series is removed) are low relative to the frequencies contained in the true ground motions. A ground-motion simulation study was conducted to investigate these effects and to develop guidance for defining the usable bandwidth for high-frequency PSA. The primary conclusion is that if the ratio of the maximum Fourier acceleration spectrum (FAS) to the FAS at a frequency fsaa corresponding to the start of the anti-aliasing filter is more than about 10, then PSA for frequencies above fsaa should be little affected by the recording process, because the ground-motion frequencies that control the response spectra will be less than fsaa . A second topic of this article concerns the resampling of the digital acceleration time series to a higher sample rate often used in the computation of short-period PSA. We confirm previous findings that sinc-function interpolation is preferred to the standard practice of using linear time interpolation for the resamplin","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10518-013-9574-9","usgsCitation":"Boore, D.M., and Goulet, C., 2013, The effect of sampling rate and anti-aliasing filters on high-frequency response spectra: Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, v. 12, no. 1, p. 203-216, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-013-9574-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"216","ipdsId":"IP-052513","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280618,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-013-9574-9"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cbd083e4b03116c9ddba08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goulet, Christine","contributorId":97812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goulet","given":"Christine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70060019,"text":"70060019 - 2013 - Chronology of Eocene-Miocene sequences on the New Jersey shallow shelf: implications for regional, interregional, and global correlations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-06T08:44:32","indexId":"70060019","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-06T08:29:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronology of Eocene-Miocene sequences on the New Jersey shallow shelf: implications for regional, interregional, and global correlations","docAbstract":"Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 313 continuously cored and logged latest Eocene to early-middle Miocene sequences at three sites (M27, M28, and M29) on the inner-middle continental shelf offshore New Jersey, providing an opportunity to evaluate the ages, global correlations, and significance of sequence boundaries. We provide a chronology for these sequences using integrated strontium isotopic stratigraphy and biostratigraphy (primarily calcareous nannoplankton, diatoms, and dinocysts [dinoflagellate cysts]). Despite challenges posed by shallow-water sediments, age resolution is typically ±0.5 m.y. and in many sequences is as good as ±0.25 m.y. Three Oligocene sequences were sampled at Site M27 on sequence bottomsets. Fifteen early to early-middle Miocene sequences were dated at Sites M27, M28, and M29 across clinothems in topsets, foresets (where the sequences are thickest), and bottomsets. A few sequences have coarse (∼1 m.y.) or little age constraint due to barren zones; we constrain the age estimates of these less well dated sequences by applying the principle of superposition, i.e., sediments above sequence boundaries in any site are younger than the sediments below the sequence boundaries at other sites. Our age control provides constraints on the timing of deposition in the clinothem; sequences on the topsets are generally the youngest in the clinothem, whereas the bottomsets generally are the oldest. The greatest amount of time is represented on foresets, although we have no evidence for a correlative conformity. Our chronology provides a baseline for regional and interregional correlations and sea-level reconstructions: (1) we correlate a major increase in sedimentation rate precisely with the timing of the middle Miocene climate changes associated with the development of a permanent East Antarctic Ice Sheet; and (2) the timing of sequence boundaries matches the deep-sea oxygen isotopic record, implicating glacioeustasy as a major driver for forming sequence boundaries.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00857.1","usgsCitation":"Browning, J.V., Miller, K.G., Sugarman, P.J., Barron, J., McCarthy, F.M., Kulhanek, D.K., Katz, M.E., and Feigenson, M.D., 2013, Chronology of Eocene-Miocene sequences on the New Jersey shallow shelf: implications for regional, interregional, and global correlations: Geosphere, v. 9, no. 6, p. 1434-1456, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00857.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1434","endPage":"1456","numberOfPages":"23","ipdsId":"IP-049608","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00857.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280614,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280590,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00857.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.0,38.0 ], [ -77.0,41.0 ], [ -72.0,41.0 ], [ -72.0,38.0 ], [ -77.0,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52cbd062e4b03116c9ddb9c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Browning, James V.","contributorId":22635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browning","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Kenneth G.","contributorId":14260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sugarman, Peter J.","contributorId":9251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sugarman","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barron, John","contributorId":87059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCarthy, Francine M.G.","contributorId":62132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Francine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kulhanek, Denise K.","contributorId":21061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulhanek","given":"Denise","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Katz, Miriam E.","contributorId":77037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Miriam","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Feigenson, Mark D.","contributorId":35198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feigenson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70073864,"text":"70073864 - 2013 - Using age of colonizing douglas-fir for the dating of young geomorphic surfaces: a case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-28T16:26:22","indexId":"70073864","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-05T16:24:26","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Using age of colonizing douglas-fir for the dating of young geomorphic surfaces: a case study","docAbstract":"Dating of many types of young (<500 year), dynamic, geomorphic landforms (e.g. mass-movement erosional tracks and deposits, alluvial terraces, flood plains, etc.) for purposes of hazard assessment and mitigation commonly requires greater dating precision than is available through radiocarbon dating or other methods. Ages of trees growing on landform surfaces have been used in a number of studies to estimate the time of landform creation or surface clearing, but the time lag between surface formation or disturbance and the reestablishment of trees can vary from 1 to more than 200 years (Desloges and Ryder 1990; Frenzen et al. 1988, 2005; Larsen and Bliss 1998; McCarthy and Luckman 1993; Sigafoos and Hendricks 1969; Winter et al. 2002). Appropriate lag times for selected tree species and for particular climatic and altitudinal ranges must be determined for the method to be useful.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Dating torrential processes on fans and cones","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-4336-6_13","usgsCitation":"Pierson, T.C., 2013, Using age of colonizing douglas-fir for the dating of young geomorphic surfaces: a case study, chap. of Dating torrential processes on fans and cones, v. 47, p. 203-210, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4336-6_13.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"210","ipdsId":"IP-029165","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281407,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4336-6_13"}],"volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535f7877e4b078dca33ae39e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Thomas C. 0000-0001-9002-4273 tpierson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":2498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Thomas","email":"tpierson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70095478,"text":"70095478 - 2013 - Executive summary: Climate change in the northwest: Implications for our landscapes, waters, and communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-07T15:50:10","indexId":"70095478","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-05T15:43:34","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Executive summary: Climate change in the northwest: Implications for our landscapes, waters, and communities","docAbstract":"

Climate Change in the Northwest: Implications for Our Landscapes, Waters, and Communities is aimed at assessing the state of knowledge about key climate impacts and consequences to various sectors and communities in the northwest United States. It draws on a wealth of peer-reviewed literature, earlier state-level assessment reports conducted for Washington (2009) and Oregon (2010), as well as a risk-framing workshop. As an assessment, it aims to be representative (though not exhaustive) of the key climate change issues as reflected in the growing body of Northwest climate change science, impacts, and adaptation literature now available.

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This report will serve as an updated resource for scientists, stakeholders, decision makers, students, and community members interested in understanding and preparing for climate change impacts on Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. This more detailed, foundational report is intended to support the key findings presented in the Northwest chapter of the Third National Climate Assessment.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climate change in the northwest: Implications for our landscapes, waters, and communities","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Island Press","usgsCitation":"Dalton, M.M., Bethel, J., Capalbo, S.M., Cuhaciyan, J., Eigenbrode, S.D., Glick, P., Houston, L.L., Littell, J.S., Lynn, K., Mote, P.W., Raymondi, R., Reeder, W.S., Shafer, S., and Snover, A.K., 2013, Executive summary: Climate change in the northwest: Implications for our landscapes, waters, and communities, chap. of Climate change in the northwest: Implications for our landscapes, waters, and communities, p. 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The International Wolf Center has assembled in this book stories from over 30 wolf biologists from throughout North America and Europe. These tales provide a glimpse into the amazing lives of individual wolves, revealing their unique personalities, highlighting their struggles and triumphs, and illustrating the unique influence the individual can have on the survival of its pack and the population to which it belongs.

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This area defines the western limit of Prince William Sound. Differencing of vintage and modern bathymetric surveys shows that the region of greatest uplift related to the 1964 Great Alaska earthquake was focused along a series of subparallel faults beneath Prince William Sound and the adjacent Gulf of Alaska shelf. Bathymetric differencing indicates that 12 m of coseismic uplift occurred along two faults that reached the seafloor as submarine terraces on the Cape Cleare bank southwest of Montague Island. Sparker seismic reflection data provide cumulative Holocene slip estimates as high as 9 mm/yr along a series of splay thrust faults within both the inner wedge and transition zone of the accretionary prism. Crustal seismic data show that these megathrust splay faults root separately into the subduction zone décollement. Splay fault divergence from this megathrust correlates with changes in midcrustal seismic velocity and magnetic susceptibility values, best explained by duplexing of the subducted Yakutat terrane rocks above Pacific plate rocks along the trailing edge of the Yakutat terrane. Although each splay fault is capable of independent motion, we conclude that the identified splay faults rupture in a similar pattern during successive megathrust earthquakes and that the region of greatest seismic coupling has remained consistent throughout the Holocene.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/jgrb.50372","usgsCitation":"Liberty, L.M., Finn, S.P., Haeussler, P.J., Pratt, T.L., and Peterson, A., 2013, Megathrust splay faults at the focus of the Prince William Sound asperity, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 118, no. 10, p. 5428-5441, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50372.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"5428","endPage":"5441","ipdsId":"IP-052743","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283836,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154,\n 55.75\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 55.75\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -154,\n 62\n ],\n [\n -154,\n 55.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"118","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6684e4b0b29085100ceb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liberty, Lee M.","contributorId":89631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liberty","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, Shaun P.","contributorId":75438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Shaun","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, Andrew","contributorId":41732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70057880,"text":"70057880 - 2013 - Introduction in New perspectives on Rio Grande rift basins: from tectonics to groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-19T11:03:33","indexId":"70057880","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-05T10:43:39","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Introduction in New perspectives on Rio Grande rift basins: from tectonics to groundwater","docAbstract":"Basins of the Rio Grande rift have long been studied both for their record of rift development and for their potential as host of natural resources. 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Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. mherzog@usgs.gov","contributorId":3965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark P.","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robinson, Julie A.","contributorId":64162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Oring, Lewis W.","contributorId":16757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oring","given":"Lewis","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Skorupa, Joseph P.","contributorId":54980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skorupa","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Boettcher, Ruth","contributorId":57375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boettcher","given":"Ruth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70111661,"text":"70111661 - 2013 - Next-generation sequencing reveals cryptic mtDNA diversity of Plasmodium relictum in the Hawaiian Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-06T08:37:35","indexId":"70111661","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-05T08:32:23","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3011,"text":"Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Next-generation sequencing reveals cryptic mtDNA diversity of Plasmodium relictum in the Hawaiian Islands","docAbstract":"Next-generation 454 sequencing techniques were used to re-examine diversity of mitochondrial cytochrome b lineages of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) in Hawaii. We document a minimum of 23 variant lineages of the parasite based on single nucleotide transitional changes, in addition to the previously reported single lineage (GRW4). A new, publicly available portal (Integroomer) was developed for initial parsing of 454 datasets. Mean variant prevalence and frequency was higher in low elevation Hawaii Amakihi (Hemignathus virens) with Avipoxvirus-like lesions (P = 0·001), suggesting that the variants may be biologically distinct. By contrast, variant prevalence and frequency did not differ significantly among mid-elevation Apapane (Himatione sanguinea) with or without lesions (P = 0·691). The low frequency and the lack of detection of variants independent of GRW4 suggest that multiple independent introductions of P. relictum to Hawaii are unlikely. Multiple variants may have been introduced in heteroplasmy with GRW4 or exist within the tandem repeat structure of the mitochondrial genome. The discovery of multiple mitochondrial lineages of P. relictum in Hawaii provides a measure of genetic diversity within a geographically isolated population of this parasite and suggests the origins and evolution of parasite diversity may be more complicated than previously recognized.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Parasitology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0031182013000905","usgsCitation":"Jarvi, S., Farias, M., Lapointe, D., Belcaid, M., and Atkinson, C., 2013, Next-generation sequencing reveals cryptic mtDNA diversity of Plasmodium relictum in the Hawaiian Islands: Parasitology, v. 140, no. 14, p. 1741-1750, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182013000905.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1741","endPage":"1750","ipdsId":"IP-025078","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288129,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182013000905"},{"id":288130,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=9071724"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","volume":"140","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7786e4b0abf75cf2c170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarvi, S.I.","contributorId":60341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarvi","given":"S.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farias, M.E.","contributorId":43675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farias","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lapointe, D.A.","contributorId":69691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lapointe","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belcaid, M.","contributorId":80193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belcaid","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Atkinson, C. T.","contributorId":29349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"C. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70048969,"text":"ds776 - 2013 - Compilation, quality control, analysis, and summary of discrete suspended-sediment and ancillary data in the United States, 1901-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-04T14:07:18","indexId":"ds776","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-04T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"776","title":"Compilation, quality control, analysis, and summary of discrete suspended-sediment and ancillary data in the United States, 1901-2010","docAbstract":"

Human-induced and natural changes to the transport of sediment and sediment-associated constituents can degrade aquatic ecosystems and limit human uses of streams and rivers. The lack of a dedicated, easily accessible, quality-controlled database of sediment and ancillary data has made it difficult to identify sediment-related water-quality impairments and has limited understanding of how human actions affect suspended-sediment concentrations and transport. The purpose of this report is to describe the creation of a quality-controlled U.S. Geological Survey suspended-sediment database, provide guidance for its use, and summarize characteristics of suspended-sediment data through 2010. The database is provided as an online application at http://cida.usgs.gov/sediment to allow users to view, filter, and retrieve available suspended-sediment and ancillary data.

\n
\n

A data recovery, filtration, and quality-control process was performed to expand the availability, representativeness, and utility of existing suspended-sediment data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in the United States before January 1, 2011. Information on streamflow condition, sediment grain size, and upstream landscape condition were matched to sediment data and sediment-sampling sites to place data in context with factors that may influence sediment transport. Suspended-sediment and selected ancillary data are presented from across the United States with respect to time, streamflow, and landscape condition. Examples of potential uses of this database for identifying sediment-related impairments, assessing trends, and designing new data collection activities are provided. This report and database can support local and national-level decision making, project planning, and data mining activities related to the transport of suspended-sediment and sediment-associated constituents.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds776","usgsCitation":"Lee, C., and Glysson, G.D., 2013, Compilation, quality control, analysis, and summary of discrete suspended-sediment and ancillary data in the United States, 1901-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 776, v, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds776.","productDescription":"v, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-040769","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds776.gif"},{"id":280603,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/776/"},{"id":280608,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/776/pdf/ds776.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 144.616667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,13.233333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c92d92e4b03cb62a1b0780","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Casey J. 0000-0002-5753-2038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5753-2038","contributorId":31062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Casey J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glysson, G. Douglas","contributorId":13607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glysson","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70055665,"text":"sir20125267 - 2013 - Analysis of postfire hydrology, water quality, and sediment transport for selected streams in areas of the 2002 Hayman and Hinman fires, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-04T13:55:43","indexId":"sir20125267","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-04T13:42:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5267","title":"Analysis of postfire hydrology, water quality, and sediment transport for selected streams in areas of the 2002 Hayman and Hinman fires, Colorado","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a 5-year study in 2003 that focused on postfire stream-water quality and postfire sediment load in streams within the Hayman and Hinman fire study areas. This report compares water quality of selected streams receiving runoff from unburned areas and burned areas using concentrations and loads, and trend analysis, from seasonal data (approximately April–November) collected 2003–2007 at the Hayman fire study area, and data collected from 1999–2000 (prefire) and 2003 (postfire) at the Hinman fire study area. The water-quality data collected during this study include onsite measurements of streamflow, specific conductance, and turbidity, laboratory-determined pH, and concentrations of major ions, nutrients, organic carbon, trace elements, and suspended sediment. Postfire floods and effects on water quality of streams, lakes and reservoirs, drinking-water treatment, and the comparison of measured concentrations to applicable water quality standards also are discussed.

\n
\n

Exceedances of Colorado water-quality standards in streams of both the Hayman and Hinman fire study areas only occurred for concentrations of five trace elements (not all trace-element exceedances occurred in every stream). Selected samples analyzed for total recoverable arsenic (fixed), dissolved copper (acute and chronic), total recoverable iron (chronic), dissolved manganese (acute, chronic, and fixed) and total recoverable mercury (chronic) exceeded Colorado aquatic-life standards.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125267","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Douglas County, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the cities of Aurora, Northglenn, Thornton, and Westminster, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Colorado River Water Conservation District, Colorado Springs Utilities, Denver Water, Federal Emergency Management Agency, North Front Range Water Quality Planning Association, and Routt and Medicine Bow National Forests","usgsCitation":"Stevens, M.R., 2013, Analysis of postfire hydrology, water quality, and sediment transport for selected streams in areas of the 2002 Hayman and Hinman fires, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5267, Report: ix, 93 p.; Downloads Directory: Appendixes 1-12, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125267.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 93 p.; Downloads Directory: Appendixes 1-12","numberOfPages":"106","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-017674","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280604,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5267/"},{"id":280605,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5267/pdf/sir2012-5267.pdf"},{"id":280606,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5267/downloads/"},{"id":280607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20125267.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Fourmile Creek;Lost Dog Creek;Pine Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.99,38.95 ], [ -107.99,41.0 ], [ -104.22,41.0 ], [ -104.22,38.95 ], [ -107.99,38.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c92d5fe4b03cb62a1b077c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Michael R. 0000-0002-9476-6335 mrsteven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6335","contributorId":769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Michael","email":"mrsteven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70049036,"text":"fs20133095 - 2013 - Mountain pine beetle impacts on vegetation and carbon stocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-03T12:37:28","indexId":"fs20133095","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-04T12:31:43","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3095","title":"Mountain pine beetle impacts on vegetation and carbon stocks","docAbstract":"In the Southern Rocky Mountains, an epidemic outbreak of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae; MPB) has caused levels of tree mortality unprecedented in recorded history. The impacts of this mortality on vegetation composition, forest structure, and carbon stocks have only recently received attention, although the impacts of other disturbances such as fires and land-use/land-cover change are much better known. This study, initiated in 2010, aims to increase our understanding of MPB outbreaks and their impacts. We have integrated field-collected data with vegetation simulation models to assess and quantify how long-term patterns of vegetation and carbon stocks have and may change in response to MPB outbreaks and other disturbances.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133095","usgsCitation":"Hawbaker, T., Briggs, J., Caldwell, M.K., and Stitt, S., 2013, Mountain pine beetle impacts on vegetation and carbon stocks: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3095, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133095.","productDescription":"2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-049649","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280602,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133095.jpg"},{"id":280600,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3095/pdf/fs2013-3095.pdf"},{"id":280601,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3095/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.06,36.99 ], [ -109.06,41.0 ], [ -102.04,41.0 ], [ -102.04,36.99 ], [ -109.06,36.99 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c92d93e4b03cb62a1b0784","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Jennifer S.","contributorId":101167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Jennifer S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldwell, Megan K. mcaldwell@usgs.gov","contributorId":4243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Megan","email":"mcaldwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stitt, Susan susan_stitt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"susan_stitt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":486062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70049005,"text":"sim3278 - 2013 - Flood-inundation maps for a 6.5-mile reach of the Kentucky River at Frankfort, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-03T10:44:30","indexId":"sim3278","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-03T10:27:48","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3278","title":"Flood-inundation maps for a 6.5-mile reach of the Kentucky River at Frankfort, Kentucky","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.5-mile reach of Kentucky River at Frankfort, Kentucky, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Frankfort Office of Emergency Management. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage Kentucky River at Lock 4 at Frankfort, Kentucky (station no. 03287500). Current conditions for the USGS streamgage may be obtained online at the USGS National Water Information System site (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory?agency_code=USGS&site_no=03287500). In addition, the information has been provided to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into their Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system (http:/water.weather.gov/ahps/). The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that are often colocated at USGS streamgages. The forecasted peak-stage information, also available on the Internet, may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation. In this study, flood profiles were computed for the Kentucky River reach by using HEC–RAS, a one-dimensional step-backwater model developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using the most current (2013) stage-discharge relation for the Kentucky River at Lock 4 at Frankfort, Kentucky, in combination with streamgage and high-water-mark measurements collected for a flood event in May 2010. The calibrated model was then used to calculate 26 water-surface profiles for a sequence of flood stages, at 1-foot intervals, referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from a stage near bankfull to the elevation that breached the levees protecting the City of Frankfort. To delineate the flooded area at each interval flood stage, the simulated water-surface profiles were combined with a digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area by using geographic information system software. The DEM consisted of bare-earth elevations within the study area and was derived from a Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) dataset having a 5.0-foot horizontal resolution and an accuracy of 0.229 foot. The availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stages from USGS streamgages and forecasted stages from the NWS, provides emergency management personnel and local residents with critical information for flood response activities such as evacuations, road closures, and postflood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3278","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with City of Frankfort, Kentucky, Office of Emergency Management","usgsCitation":"Lant, J.G., 2013, Flood-inundation maps for a 6.5-mile reach of the Kentucky River at Frankfort, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3278, Report: vi, 10 p.; Low Resolution and High Resolution Map Sheets; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3278.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 10 p.; Low Resolution and High Resolution Map Sheets; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045182","costCenters":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280591,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3278/"},{"id":280592,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3278/pdf/sim3278.pdf"},{"id":280593,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3278/PDF-mapSheets/"},{"id":280594,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3278/downloads/"},{"id":280595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3278.jpg"}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","city":"Fankfort","otherGeospatial":"Kentucky River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.916,38.15 ], [ -84.916,38.233 ], [ -84.816,38.233 ], [ -84.816,38.15 ], [ -84.916,38.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c7dbe1e4b0a753c7d3e375","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lant, Jeremiah G. 0000-0001-6688-4820 jlant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6688-4820","contributorId":4912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lant","given":"Jeremiah","email":"jlant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048948,"text":"sim3267 - 2013 - Geologic map of the Harvard Lakes 7.5' quadrangle, Park and Chaffee Counties, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-03T10:08:52","indexId":"sim3267","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-03T09:45:16","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3267","title":"Geologic map of the Harvard Lakes 7.5' quadrangle, Park and Chaffee Counties, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Harvard Lakes 1:24,000-scale quadrangle spans the Arkansas River Valley in central Colorado, and includes the foothills of the Sawatch Range on the west and Mosquito Range on the east. The Arkansas River valley lies in the northern end of the Rio Grande rift and is structurally controlled by Oligocene and younger normal faults mostly along the west side of the valley. Five separate pediment surfaces were mapped, and distinctions were made between terraces formed by the Arkansas River and surfaces that formed from erosion and alluviation that emanated from the Sawatch Range. Three flood deposits containing boulders as long as 15 m were deposited from glacial breakouts just north of the quadrangle. Miocene and Pliocene basin-fill deposits of the Dry Union Formation are exposed beneath terrace or pediment deposits in several places. The southwestern part of the late Eocene Buffalo Peaks volcanic center, mostly andesitic breccias and flows and ash-flow tuffs, occupy the northeastern corner of the map. Dated Tertiary intrusive rocks include Late Cretaceous or early Paleocene hornblende gabbro and hornblende monzonite. Numerous rhyolite and dacite dikes of inferred early Tertiary or Late Cretaceous age also intrude the basement rocks. Basement rocks are predominantly Mesoproterozoic granites, and subordinately Paleoproterozoic biotite gneiss and granitic gneiss.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3267","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, K., Lee, K., Premo, W.R., and Cosca, M.A., 2013, Geologic map of the Harvard Lakes 7.5' quadrangle, Park and Chaffee Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3267, Report: iv, 18 p.; 1 Map: 36.00 x 33.00 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3267.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 18 p.; 1 Map: 36.00 x 33.00 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-034567","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3267.jpg"},{"id":280585,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3267/"},{"id":280586,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3267/pdf/sim3267.pdf"},{"id":280587,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3267/pdf/sim3267_map.pdf"},{"id":280588,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3267/downloads/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Chaffee County;Park County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.5998,38.6907 ], [ -106.5998,39.5656 ], [ -105.8781,39.5656 ], [ -105.8781,38.6907 ], [ -106.5998,38.6907 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c7dc0de4b0a753c7d3e476","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Karl S.","contributorId":89896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Karl S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Keenan","contributorId":17604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Keenan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":485837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cosca, Michael A. 0000-0002-0600-7663 mcosca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-7663","contributorId":1000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosca","given":"Michael","email":"mcosca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70055737,"text":"ofr20131255 - 2013 - seawaveQ: an R package providing a model and utilities for analyzing trends in chemical concentrations in streams with a seasonal wave (seawave) and adjustment for streamflow (Q) and other ancillary variables","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:16:54","indexId":"ofr20131255","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-03T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1255","title":"seawaveQ: an R package providing a model and utilities for analyzing trends in chemical concentrations in streams with a seasonal wave (seawave) and adjustment for streamflow (Q) and other ancillary variables","docAbstract":"The seawaveQ R package fits a parametric regression model (seawaveQ) to pesticide concentration data from streamwater samples to assess variability and trends. The model incorporates the strong seasonality and high degree of censoring common in pesticide data and users can incorporate numerous ancillary variables, such as streamflow anomalies. The model is fitted to pesticide data using maximum likelihood methods for censored data and is robust in terms of pesticide, stream location, and degree of censoring of the concentration data. This R package standardizes this methodology for trend analysis, documents the code, and provides help and tutorial information, as well as providing additional utility functions for plotting pesticide and other chemical concentration data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131255","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Ryberg, K.R., and Vecchia, A.V., 2013, seawaveQ: an R package providing a model and utilities for analyzing trends in chemical concentrations in streams with a seasonal wave (seawave) and adjustment for streamflow (Q) and other ancillary variables: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1255, Report: iv, 13 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131255.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 13 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049192","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131255.jpg"},{"id":280570,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1255/"},{"id":280582,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1255/pdf/ofr13-1255.pdf.pdf"},{"id":280583,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1255/Downloads/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c7dc0ee4b0a753c7d3e47d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryberg, Karen R. 0000-0002-9834-2046 kryberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-2046","contributorId":1172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"Karen","email":"kryberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vecchia, Aldo V. 0000-0002-2661-4401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4401","contributorId":41810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"Aldo","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70056151,"text":"sir20135214 - 2013 - An update of hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected constituents in water, eastern Snake River Plain aquifer and perched groundwater zones, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis 2009–11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-02T13:21:37","indexId":"sir20135214","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-02T12:49:29","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5214","title":"An update of hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected constituents in water, eastern Snake River Plain aquifer and perched groundwater zones, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis 2009–11","docAbstract":"Since 1952, wastewater discharged to infiltration ponds (also called percolation ponds) and disposal wells at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has affected water quality in the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer and perched groundwater zones underlying the INL. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, maintains groundwater monitoring networks at the INL to determine hydrologic trends, and to delineate the movement of radiochemical and chemical wastes in the aquifer and in perched groundwater zones. This report presents an analysis of water-level and water-quality data collected from aquifer, multilevel monitoring system (MLMS), and perched groundwater wells in the USGS groundwater monitoring networks during 2009–11. Water in the ESRP aquifer primarily moves through fractures and interflow zones in basalt, generally flows southwestward, and eventually discharges at springs along the Snake River. The aquifer primarily is recharged from infiltration of irrigation water, infiltration of streamflow, groundwater inflow from adjoining mountain drainage basins, and infiltration of precipitation. From March–May 2009 to March–May 2011, water levels in wells generally declined in the northern part of the INL. Water levels generally rose in the central and eastern parts of the INL. Detectable concentrations of radiochemical constituents in water samples from aquifer wells or MLMS equipped wells in the ESRP aquifer at the INL generally decreased or remained constant during 2009–11. Decreases in concentrations were attributed to radioactive decay, changes in waste-disposal methods, and dilution from recharge and underflow. In 2011, concentrations of tritium in groundwater from 50 of 127 aquifer wells were greater than or equal to the reporting level and ranged from 200±60 to 7,000±260 picocuries per liter. Tritium concentrations from one or more discrete zones from four wells equipped with MLMS were greater than or equal to reporting levels in water samples collected at various depths. Tritium concentrations in water from wells completed in shallow perched groundwater at the Advanced Test Reactor Complex (ATR Complex) were less than the reporting levels. Tritium concentrations in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex equaled or exceeded the reporting level in 12 wells during at least one sampling event during 2009–11 at the ATR Complex. Concentrations of strontium-90 in water from 20 of 76 aquifer wells sampled during April or October 2011 exceeded the reporting level. Strontium-90 was not detected within the ESRP aquifer beneath the ATR Complex. During at least one sampling event during 2009–11, concentrations of strontium-90 in water from 10 wells completed in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex equaled or exceeded the reporting levels. During 2009–11, concentrations of plutonium-238, and plutonium-239, -240 (undivided), and americium-241 were less than the reporting level in water samples from all aquifer wells and in all wells equipped with MLMS. Concentrations of cesium-137 were equal to or slightly above the reporting level in 8 aquifer wells and from 2 wells equipped with MLMS. The concentration of chromium in water from one well south of the ATR Complex was 97 micrograms per liter (μg/L) in April 2011, just less than the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 100 μg/L. Concentrations of chromium in water samples from 69 other wells sampled ranged from 0.8 μg/L to 25 μg/L. During 2009–11, dissolved chromium was detected in water from 15 wells completed in perched groundwater at the ATR Complex. In 2011, concentrations of sodium in water from most wells in the southern part of the INL were greater than the background concentration of 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L); the highest concentrations were at or near the Idaho Nuclear Engineering and Technology Center (INTEC). After the newpercolation ponds were put into service in 2002 southwest of the INTEC, concentrations of sodium in water samples from the Rifle Range well rose steadily until 2008, when the concentrations generally began decreasing. The increases and decreases were attributed to disposal variability in the new percolation ponds. Concentrations of sodium in most wells equipped with MLMS generally were consistent with depth. During 2011, dissolved sodium concentrations in water from 17 wells completed in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex ranged from 6 to 146 mg/L. In 2011, concentrations of chloride in most water samples from aquifer wells south of the INTEC and at the Central Facilities Area exceeded the background concentrations of 15 mg/L, but were less than the secondary MCL of 250 mg/L. Chloride concentrations in water from wells south of the INTEC have generally increased because of increased chloride disposal to the old percolation ponds since 1984 when discharge of wastewater to the INTEC disposal well was discontinued. After the new percolation ponds were put into service in 2002 southwest of the INTEC, concentrations of chloride in water samples from one well rose steadily until 2008 then began decreasing. Chloride concentrations in water from all but one well completed in the ESRP aquifer at or near the ATR Complex were less than background and ranged between 10 and 14 mg/L during 2011, similar to concentrations detected during the 2006–08 reporting period. During 2011, chloride concentrations in water from two aquifer wells at the Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) were slightly greater than concentrations detected during the 2006–08 reporting period. The vertical distribution of chloride concentrations in wells equipped with MLMS were generally consistent within zones during 2009–11 and ranged from about 8 to 20 mg/L. During April 2011, dissolved chloride concentrations in shallow perched groundwater at the ATR Complex ranged from 7 to 13 mg/L in water from three wells. Dissolved chloride concentrations in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex during 2011 ranged from 4 to 54 mg/L. In 2011, sulfate concentrations in water samples from 11 aquifer wells in the south-central part of the INL equaled or exceeded the background concentration of sulfate and ranged from 40 to 167 mg/L. The greater-than-background concentrations in water from these wells probably resulted from sulfate disposal at the ATR Complex infiltration ponds or the old INTEC percolation ponds. In 2011, sulfate concentrations in water samples from two wells near the RWMC were greater than background levels and could have resulted from well construction techniques and (or) waste disposal at the RWMC. The vertical distribution of sulfate concentrations in three wells near the southern boundary of the INL was generally consistent with depth, and ranged between 19 and 25 mg/L. The maximum dissolved sulfate concentration in shallow perched groundwater near the ATR Complex was 400 mg/L in well CWP 1 in April 2011. During 2009–11, the maximum concentration of dissolved sulfate in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex was 1,550 mg/L in a well located west of the chemical-waste pond. In 2011, concentrations of nitrate in water from most wells at and near the INTEC exceeded the regional background concentrations of 1 mg/L and ranged from 1.6 to 5.95 mg/L. Concentrations of nitrate in wells south of INTEC and farther away from the influence of disposal areas and the Big Lost River show a general decrease in nitrate concentrations through time. During 2009–11, water samples from 30 wells were collected and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Six VOCs were detected. At least one and up to five VOCs were detected in water samples from 10 wells. The primary VOCs detected include carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethylene. In 2011, concentrations for all VOCs were less than their respective MCL for drinking water, except carbon tetrachloride in water from two wells. During 2009–11, variability and bias were evaluated from 56 replicate and 16 blank quality-assurance samples. Results from replicate analyses were investigated to evaluate sample variability. Constituents with acceptable reproducibility were stable isotope ratios, major ions, nutrients, and VOCs. All radiochemical constituents and trace metals had acceptable reproducibility except for gross beta-particle radioactivity, aluminum, antimony, and cobalt. Bias from sample contamination was evaluated from equipment, field, container, and source-solution blanks. No detectable constituent concentrations were reported for equipment blanks of the thief samplers and sampling pipes or for the source-solution and field blanks. Equipment blanks of bailers had detectable concentrations of strontium-90, sodium, chloride, and sulfate, and the container blank had a detectable concentration of dichloromethane.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135214","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Davis, L.C., Bartholomay, R.C., and Rattray, G.W., 2013, An update of hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected constituents in water, eastern Snake River Plain aquifer and perched groundwater zones, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis 2009–11: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5214, x, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135214.","productDescription":"x, 89 p.","numberOfPages":"206","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045208","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280580,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5214/pdf/sir20135214.pdf"},{"id":280574,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5214/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 12","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.75,43.25 ], [ -113.75,44.5 ], [ -112.25,44.5 ], [ -112.25,43.25 ], [ -113.75,43.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c68a5ee4b06d2ed1226481","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Linda C. lcdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":2539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Linda","email":"lcdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rattray, Gordon W. 0000-0002-1690-3218 grattray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-3218","contributorId":2521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattray","given":"Gordon","email":"grattray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}