Research on microbial degradation of crude oil in the shallow subsurface at a spill site near Bemidji, Minn. (fig. C-l), began in 1983 (Hull, 1984; Chang and Ehrlich, 1984). The rate and extent of crude oil and model hydrocarbon biodegradation by the indigenous microbial community was measured in the laboratory at several concentrations of inorganic nutrients, conditions of oxygen availability, incubation temperatures, and incubation time.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Second Technical Meeting, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, October 21-25, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-481","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Chang, F., Noben, N., Brand, D., and Hult, M.F., 1988, Microbial degradation of crude oil and some model hydrocarbons, in Proceedings of the Second Technical Meeting, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, October 21-25, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-481, p. C33-C42.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"C33","endPage":"C42","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320504,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571f3fd3e4b071321fe56a6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chang, Fu-Hsian","contributorId":168848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chang","given":"Fu-Hsian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noben, N.N.","contributorId":168849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noben","given":"N.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brand, Danny","contributorId":168884,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brand","given":"Danny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hult, Marc F.","contributorId":18344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hult","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70122648,"text":"70122648 - 1988 - Guidance for modeling causes and effects in environmental problem solving","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T10:04:40","indexId":"70122648","displayToPublicDate":"1988-10-01T09:58:37","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Guidance for modeling causes and effects in environmental problem solving","docAbstract":"Environmental problems are difficult to solve because their causes and effects are not easily understood. When attempts are made to analyze causes and effects, the principal challenge is organization of information into a framework that is logical, technically defensible, and easy to understand and communicate. When decisionmakers attempt to solve complex problems before an adequate cause and effect analysis is performed there are serious risks. These risks include: greater reliance on subjective reasoning, lessened chance for scoping an effective problem solving approach, impaired recognition of the need for supplemental information to attain understanding, increased chance for making unsound decisions, and lessened chance for gaining approval and financial support for a program/
\nCause and effect relationships can be modeled. This type of modeling has been applied to various environmental problems, including cumulative impact assessment (Dames and Moore 1981; Meehan and Weber 1985; Williamson et al. 1987; Raley et al. 1988) and evaluation of effects of quarrying (Sheate 1986). This guidance for field users was written because of the current interest in documenting cause-effect logic as a part of ecological problem solving. Principal literature sources relating to the modeling approach are: Riggs and Inouye (1975a, b), Erickson (1981), and United States Office of Personnel Management (1986).","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Research and Development","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Armour, C.L., and Williamson, S.C., 1988, Guidance for modeling causes and effects in environmental problem solving, v. 89, no. 4, 21 p.","productDescription":"21 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fef0d7e4b01f35f8fd698d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armour, Carl L.","contributorId":16499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armour","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williamson, Samuel C.","contributorId":23080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70199720,"text":"70199720 - 1988 - Trace element residues in bluegills and common carp from the lower San Joaquin River, California, and its tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T10:56:44","indexId":"70199720","displayToPublicDate":"1988-09-01T10:56:24","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace element residues in bluegills and common carp from the lower San Joaquin River, California, and its tributaries","docAbstract":"
Whole-body samples of bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from the San Joaquin River and two tributaries (Merced River and Salt Slough) were analyzed to determine if the concentrations of any of nine elements were elevated as a result of exposure of the fish to agricultural subsurface (tile) drainage water. Highest concentrations (μg/g dry weight) detected were as follows (first number in each pair applies to bluegills and the second to carp): arsenic (As), 0.97 and 1.5; boron (B), 14 and 20; cadmium (Cd), 0.14 and 0.27; chromium (Cr), 2.7 and 2.2; mercury (hg), 3.3 and 2.9; molybdenum (Mo), 2.8 and 3.6; nickel (Ni), 0.87 and 2.2; lead (Pb), 0.26 and 2.3; and selenium (Se), 3.2 and 5.5. The lowest concentrations were below the levels of detection, except for Hg (0.15 in bluegills and 0.12 in carp) and Se (0.43 and 0.56). As judged by comparisons with data from the National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program and other published surveys, the concentrations of B, Hg, Mo, and Se were moderately elevated in fish from several sites in the San Joaquin Valley. However, only the Se concentrations were positively correlated with water quality variables (e.g., total alkalinity, conductivity, and turbidity) known to be influenced by irrigation return flows. Historical data from one site (Salt Slough), where trace elements in whole fish have been measured since 1969, indicated that Se concentrations increased more than twofold between 1973 and 1977, but thereafter remained near 3.0 μg g−1 (dry weight basis), presumably due to the continuing practice of disposing seleniferous tile drainage water into the most convenient stream channel.
Ferromanganese oxide crusts, which accumulate on unsedimented surfaces in the open ocean1–6, derive most of their metal content from dissolved and particulate matter in ambient bottom water7,8, in proportions modified by the variable scavenging efficiency of the oxide phase for susceptible ions9. They differ in this respect from abyssal nodules, much of whose metals are remobilized from host sediments. Here we present maps of cobalt concentration and inferred accumulation rate of ferromanganese crusts from the Pacific Ocean. We propose that depletion of cobalt in Pacific crusts measures the location and intensity of submarine hydrothermal discharge. Use of the 'cobalt chronometer', an algorithm inversely relating cobalt content and crust growth rate, permits mapping of the accumulation rate of ferromanganese crusts with only indirect recourse to radioactivity-based dating methods. These maps show that crusts in hydrothermal areas grow from two to more than four orders of magnitude faster than in the Central Pacific Ocean. Cobalt-enriched crusts are found where water masses are most isolated from continental-coastal and hydrothermal sources of metals, now and in the past. This relationship can resolve the problem of cobalt enrichment in crusts without recourse to hypotheses invoking special cobalt sources or enrichment mechanisms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/335059a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F., and Lane-Bostwick, C., 1988, Cobalt in ferromanganese crusts as a monitor of hydrothermal discharge on the Pacific sea floor: Nature, v. 335, no. 6185, p. 59-62, https://doi.org/10.1038/335059a0.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"62","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225773,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"335","issue":"6185","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f796e4b0c8380cd4cbc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, F.T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":55421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"F.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane-Bostwick, C.M.","contributorId":90748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane-Bostwick","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70122126,"text":"70122126 - 1988 - Agonistic asymmetries and the foraging ecology of Bald Eagles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-18T15:47:08.514503","indexId":"70122126","displayToPublicDate":"1988-08-01T09:40:20","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Agonistic asymmetries and the foraging ecology of Bald Eagles","docAbstract":"We investigated the effects of both asymmetries and differing food levels on contest outcomes of wintering Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) feeding on chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) carcasses. Large eagles, regardless of age, were more successful in pirating than smaller eagles. Small pirating eagles were usually unsuccessful unless they were adults attempting to supplant other small eagles. Feeding eagles were more successful in defeating pirating eagles according to (1) whether their heads were up to prior to a pirating attempt, (2) how long their heads had been up, and (3) whether they displayed. During periods of food scarcity pirating eagles were less successful, a fact attributed in a proximate sense to the increase incidence of retaliation by feeding birds. When food was scarce and eagles had a choice between scavenging the pirating, they chose to scavenge more often. Body size appears to be an important factor in determining social dominance and influencing differences in foraging modes of wintering Bald Eagles.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1941273","usgsCitation":"Knight, R., and Skagen, S.K., 1988, Agonistic asymmetries and the foraging ecology of Bald Eagles: Ecology, v. 69, no. 4, p. 1188-1194, https://doi.org/10.2307/1941273.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1188","endPage":"1194","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293015,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fd9f41e4b0adaeea6c4ddc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knight, Richard L.","contributorId":46014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Richard L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skagen, Susan Knight 0000-0002-6744-1244 skagens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":81811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"Susan","email":"skagens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Knight","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013657,"text":"70013657 - 1988 - An exploration geochemical technique for the determination of preconcentrated organometallic halides by ICP-AES","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-28T17:18:49.263619","indexId":"70013657","displayToPublicDate":"1988-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":847,"text":"Applied Spectroscopy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An exploration geochemical technique for the determination of preconcentrated organometallic halides by ICP-AES","docAbstract":"An atomic absorption extraction technique which is widely used in geochemical exploration for the determination of Ag, As, Au, Bi, Cd, Cu, Mo, Pb, Sb, and Zn has been modified and adapted to a simultaneous inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission instrument. The experimental and operating parameters are described for the preconcentration of the metals into their organometallic halides and for the determination of these metals. Lower limits of determination are equal to or improved over those for flame atomic absorption (except Au), and ICP results are very similar to the accepted AA values, with precision for the ICP data in excess of that necessary for exploration purposes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Sage Journals","doi":"10.1366/0003702884429913","usgsCitation":"Motooka, J.M., 1988, An exploration geochemical technique for the determination of preconcentrated organometallic halides by ICP-AES: Applied Spectroscopy, v. 42, no. 7, p. 1293-1296, https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702884429913.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1293","endPage":"1296","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219817,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e11e4b0c8380cd532b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Motooka, J. M.","contributorId":8834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motooka","given":"J.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70122169,"text":"70122169 - 1988 - Problems with surface water models from a user's perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-26T11:15:51","indexId":"70122169","displayToPublicDate":"1988-06-19T11:14:26","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Problems with surface water models from a user's perspective","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the international symposium on water quality modeling of agricultural non-point sources","conferenceTitle":"International Symposium on Water Quality Modeling of Agricultural Non-Point Sources","conferenceDate":"1988-06-19T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Logan, Utah","language":"English","publisher":"Agricultural Research Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Thornton, K., Stalnaker, C., and Baun, K., 1988, Problems with surface water models from a user's perspective.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fd9f61e4b0adaeea6c4e64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thornton, K.","contributorId":85895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornton","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stalnaker, Clair B.","contributorId":30871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stalnaker","given":"Clair B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baun, K.","contributorId":92183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baun","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185529,"text":"70185529 - 1988 - The dissolution of quartz in dilute aqueous solutions of organic acids at 25°C","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-17T17:09:26","indexId":"70185529","displayToPublicDate":"1988-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The dissolution of quartz in dilute aqueous solutions of organic acids at 25°C","docAbstract":"The dissolution of quartz in dilute aqueous solutions of organic acids at 25° and standard pressure was investigated by the batch dissolution method. The bulk dissolution rate of quartz in 20 mmole/Kg citrate solutions at pH 7 was 8 to 10 times faster than that in pure water. After 1750 hours the concentration of dissolved silica in the citrate solution was 167 μmole/Kg compared to 50 μmole/Kg in water and a 20 mmole/Kg solution of acetate at pH 7. Solutions of salicylic, oxalic, and humic acids also accelerated the dissolution of quartz in aqueous solution at pH 7. The rate of dissolution in organic acids decreased sharply with decreasing pH.
The possibility of a silica-organic acid complex was investigated using UV-difference spectroscopy. Results suggest that dissolved silica is complexed by citrate, oxalate and pyruvate at pH 7 by an electron-donor acceptor complex, whereas no complexation occurs between silica and acetate, lactate, malonate, or succinate. Three models are proposed for the solution and surface complexation of silica by organic acid anions which result in the accelerated dissolution and increased solubility of quartz in organic rich water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(88)90222-0","usgsCitation":"Bennett, P., Melcer, M., Siegel, D.I., and Hassett, J., 1988, The dissolution of quartz in dilute aqueous solutions of organic acids at 25°C: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 52, no. 6, p. 1521-1530, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90222-0.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1521","endPage":"1530","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90222-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df09e4b05ec79911d1cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, P.C.","contributorId":24357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melcer, M.E.","contributorId":57270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melcer","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siegel, D. I.","contributorId":77562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hassett, J.P.","contributorId":189734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hassett","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70006561,"text":"70006561 - 1988 - Linear solvation energy relationships for toxicity of selected organic chemicals to Daphnia pulex and Daphnia magna","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-30T13:19:54","indexId":"70006561","displayToPublicDate":"1988-05-22T13:13:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"seriesTitle":{"id":443,"text":"Proceedings of the QSAR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":12}},"title":"Linear solvation energy relationships for toxicity of selected organic chemicals to Daphnia pulex and Daphnia magna","docAbstract":"In the Laurentian Great Lakes, more than 300 contaminants have been identified in fish, other biota, water, and sediment. Current hazard assessment of these chemicals by the National Fisheries Research Center-Great Lakes is based on their toxicity, occurrence in the environment, and source. Although scientists at the Center have tested over 70 chemicals with the crustacean Daphnia pulex, the number of experimental data needed to screen the huge array of chemicals in the Great Lakes exceeds the practical capabilities of conducting bioassays. This limitation can be partly circumvented, however, by using mathematical models based on quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) to provide rapid, inexpensive estimates of toxicity. Many properties of chemicals, including toxicity, bioaccumulation and water solubility are well correlated and can be predicted by equations of the generalized linear solvation energy relationships (LSER). The equation we used to model solute toxicity is Toxicity = constant + mVI/100 + s (π* + dδ) + bβm + aαm where VI = intrinsic (Van der Waals) molar volume; π* = molecular dipolarity/polarizability; δ = polarizability 'correction term'; βm = solute hydrogen bond acceptor basicity; and αm = solute hydrogen bond donor acidity. The subscript m designates solute monomer values for α and β. We applied the LSER model to 48-h acute toxicity data (measured as immobilization) for six classes of chemicals detected in Great Lakes fish. The following regression was obtained for Daphnia pulex (concentration = μM): log EC50 = 4.86 - 4.35 VI/100; N = 38, r2 = 0.867, sd = 0.403 We also used the LSER modeling approach to analyze to a large published data set of 24-h acute toxicity for Daphnia magna; the following regression resulted, for eight classes of compounds (concentration = mM): log EC50 = 3.88 - 4.52 VI/100 - 1.62 π* + 1.66 βm - 0.916 αm; N = 62, r2 = 0.859, sd = 0.375 In addition we developed computer software that identifies chemical structures, estimates the LSER parameters, and predicts toxicity. The LSER models promise to be effective in differentiating between reactive and nonreactive toxicity behavior where other models have failed. Contaminants with reactive behavior are generally the most toxic and rank highest in hazard assessment of environmental chemicals.
","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the QSAR: third international workshop on quantitative structure-activity relationships in environmental toxicology","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the QSAR: third international workshop on quantitative structure-activity relationships in environmental toxicology","conferenceDate":"1988-05-21T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Knoxville, TN","language":"English","publisher":"National Technical Information Service","publisherLocation":"Springfield, VA","usgsCitation":"Passino, D., Hickey, J.P., and Frank, A.M., 1988, Linear solvation energy relationships for toxicity of selected organic chemicals to Daphnia pulex and Daphnia magna: Proceedings of the QSAR, p. 131-146.","productDescription":"p. 131-146","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289226,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"The Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.11,41.4 ], [ -92.11,48.85 ], [ -76.3,48.85 ], [ -76.3,41.4 ], [ -92.11,41.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b286f5e4b07b8813a554d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Passino, Dora R. M.","contributorId":29345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passino","given":"Dora R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hickey, James P.","contributorId":83460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frank, Anthony M.","contributorId":28922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70202821,"text":"70202821 - 1988 - Use of GIS technologies in addressing resource management problems in Mobile Bay, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-18T09:24:11","indexId":"70202821","displayToPublicDate":"1988-05-01T10:25:28","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of GIS technologies in addressing resource management problems in Mobile Bay, Alabama","docAbstract":"Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technologies are being used in three neutral resource management studies of Mobile Bay, AL. Each study is briefly discussed. In the first, the GIS was used to analyze wetland habitat changes in the bay over a 25-year period. In the second, cartographic modeling techniques are being used to assess the potential impacts of contaminated sediments on selected resources in the bay. In the third, the GIS is part of a landscape level analysis of cumulative impacts in the bay. GIS applications can provide a spatial dimension to ecological problem-solving and a powerful tool for environmental planning and decisionmaking.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Fifth National Moss Users Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Fifth National Moss Users Workshop","conferenceDate":"May 2-5, 1988","conferenceLocation":"Baton Rouge, Louisiana","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Watzin, M.C., Roscigno, P., Scurry, J., and Roach, E.R., 1988, Use of GIS technologies in addressing resource management problems in Mobile Bay, Alabama, in Proceedings of the Fifth National Moss Users Workshop, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, May 2-5, 1988, p. 149-157.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"157","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Mobile Bay","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watzin, Mary C.","contributorId":214534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watzin","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roscigno, P.F.","contributorId":67628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roscigno","given":"P.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scurry, James D.","contributorId":214536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurry","given":"James D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roach, E. Randy","contributorId":214537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roach","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185537,"text":"70185537 - 1988 - Arsenic in ground water of the Western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:24:34.439165","indexId":"70185537","displayToPublicDate":"1988-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic in ground water of the Western United States","docAbstract":"Natural occurrences of ground water with moderate (10 to 50 micrograms per liter) to high (greater than 50 micrograms per liter) concentrations of arsenic are common throughout much of the Western United States. High concentrations of arsenic are generally associated with one of four geochemical environments: (1) basin-fill deposits of alluvial-lacustrine origin, particularly in semiarid areas, (2) volcanic deposits, (3) geothermal systems, and (4) uranium and gold-mining areas. These findings are based on an extensive literature review, compilation of unpublished reports and data, and the review of data bases containing more than 7,000 analyses of ground-water samples for arsenic. In the first two environments, arsenic appears to be associated with sediments derived, in part, from volcanic rocks of intermediate to acidic composition. Dissolved arsenic concentrations in water from volcanic aquifers in the same regions, however, may be low (less than 10 micrograms per liter). Solid phases (minerals, amorphous solids, and sedimentary organic matter) that supply the dissolved arsenic have not been identified in most areas. Alluvial and lacustrine sedimentary deposits appear to be an important source of arsenic in volcanic areas (such as Lane County, Oregon) and in areas underlain by basin-fill deposits (such as Carson Desert in Nevada and the Tulare Lake basin in California). Mobilization of arsenic in sedimentary aquifers may be, in part, a result of changes in the geochemical environment due to agricultural irrigation. In the deeper subsurface, elevated arsenic concentrations are associated with compaction caused by groundwater withdrawals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1988.tb00397.x","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., Lico, M.S., and Hughes, J.L., 1988, Arsenic in ground water of the Western United States: Groundwater, v. 26, no. 3, p. 333-347, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1988.tb00397.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"347","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338182,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -104.4140625,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -104.4140625,\n 49.38237278700955\n ],\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 49.38237278700955\n ],\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 31.353636941500987\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df09e4b05ec79911d1ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lico, Michael S.","contributorId":75897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lico","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, Jennifer L.","contributorId":189740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185533,"text":"70185533 - 1988 - Internal inconsistencies in dispersion-dominated models that incorporate chemical and microbial kinetics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T13:49:53","indexId":"70185533","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Internal inconsistencies in dispersion-dominated models that incorporate chemical and microbial kinetics","docAbstract":"Current understanding of transport processes in aquifers is limited by lack of precise point chemical concentration measurements. Recently, however, some careful measurements of vertical chemical concentration profiles have been made at several locations around the world that appear to support a consistent picture concerning the persistence of large vertical concentration gradients in aquifers and, by implication, the existence of very small vertical transverse dispersivities. These data were obtained in aquifers supporting microbial activity. Data analysis using a mathematical model which considers microbial degradation coupled to nutrient and oxygen transport indicates that a vertical transverse dispersivity on the order of 0.1 cm or less is consistent with the concentration gradients that were measured. The existence of such large gradients and low dispersivities is not consistent with the use of two-dimensional vertically averaged (areal) models as currently applied, especially if one is interested in the development of transport models with predictive capability beyond that associated with standard calibration and extrapolation. Even three-dimensional models with large vertical transverse dispersivities compared to those measured will produce results inconsistent with measurements. Microbial-chemical activity is very sensitive to concentration distributions. Smearing of the oxygen profile can result in the prediction of aerobic activity where, in fact, none exists.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR024i004p00615","usgsCitation":"Molz, F.J., and Widdowson, M.A., 1988, Internal inconsistencies in dispersion-dominated models that incorporate chemical and microbial kinetics: Water Resources Research, v. 24, no. 4, p. 615-619, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR024i004p00615.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"619","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338178,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df0ae4b05ec79911d1d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molz, Fred J.","contributorId":189737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molz","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Widdowson, Mark A.","contributorId":90379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014314,"text":"70014314 - 1988 - Gas bubbles in fossil amber as possible indicators of the major gas composition of ancient air","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T16:09:15.97778","indexId":"70014314","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas bubbles in fossil amber as possible indicators of the major gas composition of ancient air","docAbstract":"Gases trapped in Miocene to Upper Cretaceous amber were released by gently crushing the amber under vacuum and were analyzed by quadrupole mass spectrometry. After discounting the possibility that the major gases N2, O2, and CO2 underwent appreciable diffusion and diagenetic exchange with their surroundings or reaction with the amber, it has been concluded that in primary bubbles (gas released during initial breakage) these gases represent mainly original ancient air modified by the aerobic respiration of microorganisms. Values of N2/(CO2 + O2) for each time period give consistent results despite varying O2/CO2 ratios that presumably were due to varying degrees of respiration. This allows calculation of original oxygen concentrations, which, on the basis of these preliminary results, appear to have changed from greater than 30 percent O2 during one part of the Late Cretaceous (between 75 and 95 million years ago) to 21 percent during the Eocene-Oligocene and for present-day samples, with possibly lower values during the Oligocene-Early Miocene. Variable O2 levels over time in general confirm theoretical isotope-mass balance calculations and suggest that the atmosphere has evolved over Phanerozoic time.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.239.4846.1406","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Berner, R., and Landis, G.P., 1988, Gas bubbles in fossil amber as possible indicators of the major gas composition of ancient air: Science, v. 239, no. 4846, p. 1406-1409, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.239.4846.1406.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1406","endPage":"1409","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225308,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"239","issue":"4846","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14c1e4b0c8380cd54b4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berner, R.A.","contributorId":73346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berner","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landis, Gary P.","contributorId":72405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014343,"text":"70014343 - 1988 - The 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T16:19:05.182395","indexId":"70014343","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California","docAbstract":"The Whittier Narrows earthquake sequence (local magnitude, ML = 5.9), which caused over 358-million dollars damage, indicates that assessments of earthquake hazards in the Los Angeles metropolitan area may be underestimated. The sequence ruptured a previously unidentified thrust fault that may be part of a large system of thrust faults that extends across the entire east-west length of the northern margin of the Los Angeles basin. Peak horizontal accelerations from the main shock, which were measured at ground level and in structures, were as high as 0.6g (where g is the acceleration of gravity at sea level) within 50 kilometers of the epicenter. The distribution of the modified Mercalli intensity VII reflects a broad north-south elongated zone of damage that is approximately centered on the main shock epicenter.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.239.4846.1409","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Hauksson, E., Jones, L.M., Davis, T., Hutton, L., Williams, P., Bent, A.L., Brady, A.G., Reasenberg, P.A., Michael, A., Yerkes, R.F., Etheredge, E., Porcella, R.L., Johnston, M., Reagor, G., Bufe, C., Cranswick, E., and Shakal, A., 1988, The 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California: Science, v. 239, no. 4846, p. 1409-1412, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.239.4846.1409.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1409","endPage":"1412","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225890,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Los Angeles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.93209035547059,\n 34.46183243191399\n ],\n [\n -118.93209035547059,\n 33.722456760279115\n ],\n [\n -117.49331656484492,\n 33.722456760279115\n ],\n [\n -117.49331656484492,\n 34.46183243191399\n ],\n [\n -118.93209035547059,\n 34.46183243191399\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"239","issue":"4846","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba62ce4b08c986b320f39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hauksson, E.","contributorId":10932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauksson","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Lucile M. jones@usgs.gov","contributorId":1014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Lucile","email":"jones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":368173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, T.L.","contributorId":8234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hutton, L.K.","contributorId":66266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutton","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, Pat","contributorId":61532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Pat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bent, Allison L.","contributorId":239555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bent","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":47914,"text":"Canadian Hazards Information Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brady, A. Gerald","contributorId":85959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gerald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reasenberg, Paul A.","contributorId":39430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reasenberg","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Michael, A.J. 0000-0002-2403-5019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":52192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Yerkes, R. F.","contributorId":24754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Etheredge, E.","contributorId":59569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Etheredge","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Porcella, R. L.","contributorId":102869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porcella","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Johnston, M.J.S. 0000-0003-4326-8368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":104889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Reagor, G.","contributorId":60671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reagor","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Bufe, C. G.","contributorId":79443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bufe","given":"C. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Cranswick, E.","contributorId":85948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cranswick","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Shakal, A.K.","contributorId":38295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shakal","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70014290,"text":"70014290 - 1988 - Uranium-series dating of the Mousterian occupation at Abric Romani, Spain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-02T16:36:01.712608","indexId":"70014290","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uranium-series dating of the Mousterian occupation at Abric Romani, Spain","docAbstract":"The precise evolutionary position of the Neanderthal people continues to be a major uncertainty in human evolution. Their origin and their relationship to anatomically modern people are unclear and are clouded by poor chronology. Lithic artefacts of the Mousterian type, found throughout Europe and the Mediterranean Basin, are believed to be the tool kit of the Neanderthals, but dates within Mousterian-bearing deposits are extremely rare. We report here on 20 high-quality uranium-series dates from Mousterian beds at Abric Romani, a rock shelter near Barcelona, Spain. The dates range from 39 to 60 kyr before present (BP) in an orderly stratigraphic succession and provide precise chronological control on an important Mousterian archaeological site.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/332068a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Bischoff, J.L., Julia, R., and Mora, R., 1988, Uranium-series dating of the Mousterian occupation at Abric Romani, Spain: Nature, v. 332, no. 6159, p. 68-70, https://doi.org/10.1038/332068a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"70","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226013,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 0.7394803397147314,\n 41.42726915584606\n ],\n [\n 0.7394803397147314,\n 40.94158367368533\n ],\n [\n 2.131767791876058,\n 40.94158367368533\n ],\n [\n 2.131767791876058,\n 41.42726915584606\n ],\n [\n 0.7394803397147314,\n 41.42726915584606\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"332","issue":"6159","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbdffe4b08c986b329359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julia, R.","contributorId":34655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julia","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mora, R.","contributorId":60392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mora","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1014507,"text":"1014507 - 1988 - Cooperative federal-state liming research on surface waters impacted by acidic deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-18T16:02:48.616166","indexId":"1014507","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cooperative federal-state liming research on surface waters impacted by acidic deposition","docAbstract":"In the eastern and north-central United States, lakes and streams with low acid neutralizing capacity are at risk from acidity. Resource management agencies are interested in developing mitigation strategies that protect or restore fisheries in these waters. Addition of limestone (calcium carbonate) to improve water quality and prevent episodic depressions of pH during precipitation events and spring runoff is one mitigation technique being used. The ecological changes that accompany such treatment of streams and lakes are being investigated in a cooperative program between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and individual states. Streams in Massachusetts, West Virginia and Tennessee, and a lake in Minnesota are included in this 5-yr research program. Intensive monitoring during pre- and post-liming tracks a suite of physical, chemical and biological parameters that influence the re-establishment or maintenance of healthy fisheries. Supporting studies on liming being conducted at Adirondack lakes in New York focus on fisheries management. A model on the influence of liming on light attenuation and thermal stratification is also being developed. Management guidelines are to be generated from the program results.
A published Sm–Nd whole-rock isochron of 2,920 ± 50 Myr, obtained from a wide range of lithologies in the Lewisian complex of north-west Scotland, was interpreted1 as the time of protolith formation. This date is ∼260 Myr older than estimates for the timing of high-grade metamorphism in the complex at ∼ 2,660 Myr2'3, and this period is considered to represent the duration of the Lewisian crustal accretion-differentiation superevent (CADS)4. Here we give new Sm-Nd data, obtained specifically from granulite facies tonalitic gneisses, that yield a date of 2,600 ±155 Myr. Although depleted-mantle model ages (tDM suggest >200 Myr of premetamorphic crustal residence, the regression date and its associated initial Nd-isotopic parameters demonstrate Nd-isotopic homogenization during the high-grade event, as well as the probability of general rare-earth-element (REE) mobility. Models for selective element depletion in the complex have previously assumed REE immobility since 2,920 Myr, but the data presented here suggest that a reappraisal of the depletion mechanism is required.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/331705a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Whitehouse, M., 1988, Granulite fades Nd-isotopic homogenization in the Lewisian complex of northwest Scotland: Nature, v. 331, no. 6158, p. 705-707, https://doi.org/10.1038/331705a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"707","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225566,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Scotland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -7.80190488310231,\n 58.5924285295051\n ],\n [\n -7.80190488310231,\n 56.07473135845302\n ],\n [\n -3.853372128121464,\n 56.07473135845302\n ],\n [\n -3.853372128121464,\n 58.5924285295051\n ],\n [\n -7.80190488310231,\n 58.5924285295051\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"331","issue":"6158","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a29c7e4b0c8380cd5ac20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitehouse, M.J.","contributorId":87699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehouse","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208354,"text":"70208354 - 1988 - Methane hydrates and global climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T11:03:18","indexId":"70208354","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-05T10:54:29","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane hydrates and global climate","docAbstract":"Methane hydrates are globally widespread in permafrost regions and beneath the sea in sediment of outer continental margins. The amount of methane sequestered in gas hydrates is probably enormous, but estimates of the amounts are speculative and range over three orders of magnitude (about 103 to 106 GT (gigatons = 1015 g)). A question of current interest concerns the possible consequences of an addition of methane to the atmosphere from destabilized methane hydrates due to global warming. Models of greenhouse warming predict that climatic change will be greatest in the Arctic. Thus, if methane from destabilized gas hydrates contributes to greenhouse warming, this destabilization will most likely take place first in the Arctic, particularly in the shallow nearshore regions of the Arctic Ocean where offshore permafrost is found. The process of permafrost warming and release of methane from gas hydrates may already be in progress, but the amount being released now and to be released in the 21st century is probably small. The positive feedback of this atmospheric methane on global climates will likely be minimal.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/GB002i003p00221","usgsCitation":"Kvenvolden, K.A., 1988, Methane hydrates and global climate: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 2, no. 3, p. 221-229, https://doi.org/10.1029/GB002i003p00221.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"229","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvenvolden, Keith A. kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":3384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"Keith","email":"kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223612,"text":"5223612 - 1988 - Hotshots, hotspots, and female preference in the organization of lek mating systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-17T15:42:07.836744","indexId":"5223612","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-01T12:19:04","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hotshots, hotspots, and female preference in the organization of lek mating systems","docAbstract":"We critically review the female-preference and hotspot models, the two most widely accepted recent explanations of lek organization. On the basis of what we believe are the inadequacies of these models-too great a reliance on the presumed acuity of female discrimination, the assumption that females have full freedom of choice within the lek, and insufficient recognition of the importance of male-male interactions-we develop an alternative set of hypotheses, which we call the hotshot model, to explain the development and maintenance of lek behavior. Our model attributes strong male mating skew to the interaction between (1) simplified and conservative mating rules of females and (2) social dominance among males. We demonstrate the importance of male-male dominance relationships in lek and non-lek court mating systems. We then argue that a strong mating skew among males forces novice males entering a population to adopt a long-term mating strategy that involves delayed breeding (floating) and subordinate lek behavior. The structure of leks is created by a complex of malemale interactions, with conflict between hotshots (who attempt to control lek mating) and subordinates, who may benefit from disrupting lek activities. Explanations for the number of males in an arena and inter-arena distances are based on modifications of the hotspot and female-preference models. We suggest specific field tests to help distinguish which hypothesis best models the behavioral interactions that produce lek mating.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/284786","usgsCitation":"Beehler, B., and Foster, M.S., 1988, Hotshots, hotspots, and female preference in the organization of lek mating systems: American Naturalist, v. 131, no. 2, p. 203-219, https://doi.org/10.1086/284786.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202202,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bdbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beehler, B. M.","contributorId":96805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beehler","given":"B. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, Mercedes S.","contributorId":72088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Mercedes","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70207882,"text":"70207882 - 1988 - Deformation along the northeast side of Blacktail Mountains salient, southwestern Montana ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-16T13:56:02","indexId":"70207882","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-16T13:49:52","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1726,"text":"GSA Memoirs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation along the northeast side of Blacktail Mountains salient, southwestern Montana ","docAbstract":"The Blacktail Mountains salient is a convex-eastward area of stacked Laramide-age thrust faults that trend north and dip west at moderate angles. The thrusts occur in Mississippian to Cretaceous strata above a basement of Archean metamorphic rocks. The northern margin of the salient is delimited by the Jake Canyon fault, a northwest-trending, northeast-dipping Laramide reverse fault. During the Laramide orogeny, the fault formed a common boundary of the present-day Blacktail Mountains and a structural high that existed in the area of the present-day valley of Blacktail Deer Creek. The fault juxtaposed Archean metamorphic rocks upon Phanerozoic strata in the northwest-era half of its extent, and against other Archean metamorphic rocks in the southeastern half. General structural relationships and study of small-scale structures in local areas show that movement along the Jake Canyon fault caused deformation of the north-trending thrust faults and associated folds. During Cenozoic extensional faulting, the Blacktail fault developed northeast of the Jake Canyon fault, and generally delimits the southwestern side of the basin of sedimentary rocks that lies beneath the valley of Blacktail Deer Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/MEM171-p203","usgsCitation":"Tysdal, R.G., 1988, Deformation along the northeast side of Blacktail Mountains salient, southwestern Montana : GSA Memoirs, v. 171, p. 203-215, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM171-p203.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"215","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371319,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Northeast side of Blacktail Mountains ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.26904296874999,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -111.55517578125,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -111.55517578125,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -113.26904296874999,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -113.26904296874999,\n 43.78695837311561\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"171","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tysdal, Russell G.","contributorId":1700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tysdal","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":779627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207840,"text":"70207840 - 1988 - Friction of ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-07T15:27:24.128613","indexId":"70207840","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-15T13:16:59","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Friction of ice","docAbstract":"The frictional strength of ice seems to be well below that for all other rocks. Triaxial testing of cylinders of pure water ice containing a 45° inclined sawcut, at temperatures of 77 ≤ T ≤ 115 K and confining pressures 0.1 ≤ P ≤ 250 MPa, reveals the frictional laws τ = 0.20 σn + 8.3 MPa for P ≥ 10 MPa and τ = 0.55 σn + 1.0 MPa for P ≤ 5 MPa, where τ and σn are the shear and normal stresses on the sawcut surface. Friction is independent of T and, over the one order of magnitude tested, of average sliding velocity. The sliding behavior is invariably stick slip. Examination of sliding surfaces shows only minor gouge development. A curious arrangement of densely packed short vertical fractures occurs primarily in samples with anomalously low strength. These results apply to models of near‐surface tectonic activity on Jupiter's three large icy moons, Europa, Callisto, and Ganymede. They indicate, for example, that a global expansion on Ganymede of 3 linear percent will cause extensional movement on preexisting faults at depths to 7±3 km.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB07p07625","usgsCitation":"Beeman, M.L., Durham, W., and Kirby, S.H., 1988, Friction of ice: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B7, p. 7625-7633, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB07p07625.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"7625","endPage":"7633","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, M. L.","contributorId":101392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Durham, W.B.","contributorId":72135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durham","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207747,"text":"70207747 - 1988 - Pyrite formation in the Lower Cretaceous Mowry Shale: Effect of organic matter type and reactive iron content","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-18T15:41:02.501163","indexId":"70207747","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-09T11:15:54","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pyrite formation in the Lower Cretaceous Mowry Shale: Effect of organic matter type and reactive iron content","docAbstract":"Geochemical analysis of the Lower Cretaceous Mowry Shale in Wyoming and Montana shows that organic matter type and reactive iron content limited pyrite formation during early diagenesis. Consequently, direct interpretation of paleosalinity cannot be made from a carbon/sulfur plot. Mowry Shale samples with hydrogen index (HI) less than 150 (mg hydrocarbon/ organic carbon) contain low amounts of sulfur. In these samples, bacterial reduction of sulfate may have been inhabited by low nutritive content of the organic matter. For Mowry samples with HI greater than 150 there is a range of sulfur values and a positive correlation between iron and sulfur. The iron sulfur regression is approximately parallel to the stoichiometric pyrite line and intersects the iron axis at 0.5 percent. On average, 60 percent of the iron present was nonreactive; the remaining iron reacted with sulfide to form pyrite. For samples with HI greater than 150, pyrite formation was limited by sulfide or organic carbon content but by reactive iron content. In one modern setting, where salinity is greater than one-half normal seawater, sulfate content does not limit pyrite formation (Berner and Raiswell, 1984). From this analysis then, it can be estimated that the Mowry Sea was not a fresh water body but was either of normal marine salinity or contained brackish water with greater than one-half normal salinity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Kline Geology Laboratory","doi":"10.2475/ajs.288.9.873","usgsCitation":"Davis, H.R., Byers, C.W., and Dean, W.E., 1988, Pyrite formation in the Lower Cretaceous Mowry Shale: Effect of organic matter type and reactive iron content: American Journal of Science, v. 288, p. 873-890, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.288.9.873.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"873","endPage":"890","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.288.9.873","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Mowry Sea","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-110.048476,40.997555],[-110.121639,40.997101],[-110.125709,40.99655],[-110.237848,40.995427],[-110.250709,40.996089],[-110.375714,40.994947],[-110.500718,40.994746],[-110.539819,40.996346],[-110.715026,40.996347],[-110.750727,40.996847],[-111.046723,40.997959],[-111.046551,41.251716],[-111.0466,41.360692],[-111.046264,41.377731],[-111.045789,41.565571],[-111.045818,41.579845],[-111.046689,42.001567],[-111.047109,42.142497],[-111.047107,42.148971],[-111.047058,42.182672],[-111.047097,42.194773],[-111.047074,42.280787],[-111.04708,42.34942],[-111.046801,42.504946],[-111.046719,42.513118],[-111.046017,42.582723],[-111.043564,42.722624],[-111.044135,42.874924],[-111.043959,42.96445],[-111.043957,42.969482],[-111.043924,42.975063],[-111.044129,43.018702],[-111.044156,43.020052],[-111.044206,43.022614],[-111.044034,43.024581],[-111.044034,43.024844],[-111.044033,43.026411],[-111.044094,43.02927],[-111.043997,43.041415],[-111.044058,43.04464],[-111.044063,43.046302],[-111.044086,43.054819],[-111.044117,43.060309],[-111.04415,43.066172],[-111.044162,43.068222],[-111.044143,43.072364],[-111.044235,43.177121],[-111.044266,43.177236],[-111.044232,43.18444],[-111.044168,43.189244],[-111.044229,43.195579],[-111.044617,43.31572],[-111.045205,43.501136],[-111.045706,43.659112],[-111.04588,43.681033],[-111.046118,43.684902],[-111.046051,43.685812],[-111.04611,43.687848],[-111.046421,43.722059],[-111.046435,43.726545],[-111.04634,43.726957],[-111.046715,43.815832],[-111.046515,43.908376],[-111.046917,43.974978],[-111.047064,43.983467],[-111.047349,43.999921],[-111.049077,44.020072],[-111.048751,44.060403],[-111.048751,44.060838],[-111.048633,44.062903],[-111.048452,44.114831],[-111.049119,44.124923],[-111.049695,44.353626],[-111.049148,44.374925],[-111.049216,44.435811],[-111.049194,44.438058],[-111.048974,44.474072],[-111.055208,44.624927],[-111.055333,44.666263],[-111.055511,44.725343],[-111.056416,44.749928],[-111.056888,44.866658],[-111.055629,44.933578],[-111.056207,44.935901],[-111.055199,45.001321],[-111.044275,45.001345],[-110.785008,45.002952],[-110.761554,44.999934],[-110.750767,44.997948],[-110.705272,44.992324],[-110.552433,44.992237],[-110.547165,44.992459],[-110.48807,44.992361],[-110.402927,44.99381],[-110.362698,45.000593],[-110.342131,44.999053],[-110.324441,44.999156],[-110.28677,44.99685],[-110.199503,44.996188],[-110.110103,45.003905],[-110.026347,45.003665],[-110.025544,45.003602],[-109.99505,45.003174],[-109.875735,45.003275],[-109.798687,45.002188],[-109.75073,45.001605],[-109.663673,45.002536],[-109.574321,45.002631],[-109.386432,45.004887],[-109.375713,45.00461],[-109.269294,45.005283],[-109.263431,45.005345],[-109.103445,45.005904],[-109.08301,44.99961],[-109.062262,44.999623],[-108.621313,45.000408],[-108.578484,45.000484],[-108.565921,45.000578],[-108.500679,44.999691],[-108.271201,45.000251],[-108.249345,44.999458],[-108.238139,45.000206],[-108.218479,45.000541],[-108.14939,45.001062],[-108.000663,45.001223],[-107.997353,45.001565],[-107.911743,45.001292],[-107.750654,45.000778],[-107.608854,45.00086],[-107.607824,45.000929],[-107.49205,45.00148],[-107.351441,45.001407],[-107.13418,45.000109],[-107.125633,44.999388],[-107.105685,44.998734],[-107.084939,44.996599],[-107.074996,44.997004],[-107.050801,44.996424],[-106.892875,44.995947],[-106.888773,44.995885],[-106.263586,44.993788],[-106.024814,44.993688],[-105.928184,44.993647],[-105.914258,44.999986],[-105.913382,45.000941],[-105.848065,45.000396],[-105.076607,45.000347],[-105.038405,45.000345],[-105.025266,45.00029],[-105.019284,45.000329],[-105.01824,45.000437],[-104.765063,44.999183],[-104.759855,44.999066],[-104.72637,44.999518],[-104.665171,44.998618],[-104.663882,44.998869],[-104.470422,44.998453],[-104.470117,44.998453],[-104.250145,44.99822],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.055914,44.874986],[-104.056496,44.867034],[-104.055963,44.768236],[-104.055963,44.767962],[-104.055934,44.72372],[-104.05587,44.723422],[-104.055777,44.700466],[-104.055938,44.693881],[-104.05581,44.691343],[-104.055877,44.571016],[-104.055892,44.543341],[-104.055927,44.51773],[-104.055389,44.249983],[-104.054487,44.180381],[-104.054562,44.141081],[-104.05495,43.93809],[-104.055077,43.936535],[-104.055488,43.853477],[-104.055488,43.853476],[-104.055138,43.750421],[-104.055133,43.747105],[-104.054902,43.583852],[-104.054885,43.583512],[-104.05484,43.579368],[-104.055032,43.558603],[-104.054787,43.503328],[-104.054786,43.503072],[-104.054779,43.477815],[-104.054766,43.428914],[-104.054614,43.390949],[-104.054403,43.325914],[-104.054218,43.30437],[-104.053884,43.297047],[-104.053876,43.289801],[-104.053127,43.000585],[-104.052863,42.754569],[-104.052809,42.749966],[-104.052583,42.650062],[-104.052741,42.633982],[-104.052586,42.630917],[-104.052773,42.611766],[-104.052775,42.61159],[-104.052775,42.610813],[-104.053107,42.499964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\"}}]}","volume":"288","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Hugh R.","contributorId":221617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byers, Charles W.","contributorId":221618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byers","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70122382,"text":"70122382 - 1988 - Assessment of the role of bottomland hardwoods in sediment and erosion control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-26T16:48:57","indexId":"70122382","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T16:45:37","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"NERC-88/11","title":"Assessment of the role of bottomland hardwoods in sediment and erosion control","docAbstract":"Drainage and clearing of bottomland hardwoods have long been recognized by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) as important impacts of Federal water projects in the lower Mississippi River Valley. More recently, the water quality impacts of such projects (e.g., increases in sediments, nutrients, and pesticides) have also become of concern. In 1984, in an effort to better define problems concerning wetland losses and water degradation, EPA initiated a cooperative project with the Western Energy and Land Use Team (now the National Ecology Research Center) of the Service. Three phases of the project were identified:
\n1. To collect existing literature and data;
\n2. To select, develop, and test the utility of methods to quantify the relationships between land use, cover types, soils, hydrology, and water quality (as represented by sediment); and
\n3. To apply selected methodologies to several sites within the Yazoo Basin of Mississippi to determine the, potential effectiveness of various management alternatives to reduce sediment yield, increase sediment deposition, and improve water quality.
\nMethods development focused on linking a simulation of water and sediment movement to a computerized geographic information system. We had several objectives for the resulting model. We desired that it should:
\n1. Estimate the importance of bottomland and hardwoods as a cover type that performs the functions of erosion and sediment control,
\n2. Simulate effects of proportions of ' various cover types and their specific spatial configurations,
\n3. Be applicable to moderately large spatial areas with minimal site-specific calibration,
\n4. Simulate spatial patterns of sediment loss-gain over time, and
\n5. Represent both sediment detachment and transport.
\nWhile it was recognized that impacts and management alternatives could be sorted roughly into landscape measures and channel measures, the decision was made to focus study efforts mainly on landscape measures. Landscape measures include altered drainage and flooding patterns, altered cover types (e.g., conversion of bottomland hardwoods to agricultural crops, reforestation of cropland to bottomland hardwoods, and creation of riparian buffer strips), altered cropping and tillage patterns, altered routing of water, and creation of buffer strips along wetlands and channel margins. Channel measures include vegetative bank stabilization, grade control structures, and regulation of channel water volume and velocity.
\nDuring the first year of the study, EPA decided not to fund the third phase of the project. This required considerable rescoping of the project with the result that application of the sediment mobilization, routing, and deposition models to various management alternatives and portions of the Yazoo Basin was somewhat restricted. We believe, however, that this report will provide a good understanding of the various modes of sediment mobilization, transport, and deposition within the Yazoo Basin, as well as of the role of bottomland hardwoods. The model developed in this study could be applied to a variety of management or mitigation alternatives prior to implementation to determine their relative effectiveness. Policy, political, and socio-economic consequences of any proposed management/mitigation practice, however, must ultimately be taken into consideration by those charged with management of water resources within the Yazoo Basin before any practice is implemented. This study makes no effort to judge the feasibility of management alternatives in this regard.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Molinas, A., Auble, G.T., Segelquist, C., and Ischinger, L.S., 1988, Assessment of the role of bottomland hardwoods in sediment and erosion control, 116 p.","productDescription":"116 p.","numberOfPages":"116","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fd9f43e4b0adaeea6c4de4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molinas, A.","contributorId":105235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molinas","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Segelquist, C.A.","contributorId":108410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Segelquist","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ischinger, Lee S.","contributorId":34054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ischinger","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70122671,"text":"70122671 - 1988 - Cattle grazing and small mammals on the Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T11:30:58","indexId":"70122671","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T11:28:41","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"General Technical Report RM-166","title":"Cattle grazing and small mammals on the Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada","docAbstract":"We studied effects of cattle grazing on small mammal microhabitat and abundance in northwestern Nevada. Abundance, diversity, and microhabitat were compared between a 375-ha cattle exclosure and a deferred-rotation grazing allotment which had a three-year history of light to moderate use. No consistent differences were found in abundance, diversity, or microhabitat between the two areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Management of amphibians, reptiles, and small mammals in North America: Proceedings of the symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Oldemeyer, J.L., and Allen-Johnson, L., 1988, Cattle grazing and small mammals on the Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"398","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.2369325,41.8162792 ], [ -119.2369325,41.8211166 ], [ -119.227416,41.8211166 ], [ -119.227416,41.8162792 ], [ -119.2369325,41.8162792 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fef0cfe4b01f35f8fd694e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oldemeyer, John L.","contributorId":44469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oldemeyer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen-Johnson, L. R.","contributorId":30154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen-Johnson","given":"L. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70121910,"text":"70121910 - 1988 - An overview of a habitat suitability index model for moose: Lake Superior region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T14:15:12","indexId":"70121910","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T10:49:52","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":693,"text":"Alces","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An overview of a habitat suitability index model for moose: Lake Superior region","docAbstract":"A three-day workshop was held to develop a model for evaluation of moose habitat in the Lake Superior region. The ultimate goal of the workshop was to provide planning tools to enhance habitat management for moose and maximize the integration of those management objectives with silvicultural goals. An abstract of the models resulting from the workshop is presented and model validation concepts are discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Lakehead University","publisherLocation":"Thunder Bay, Ontario","usgsCitation":"Allen, A., Terrell, J., and Jordan, P., 1988, An overview of a habitat suitability index model for moose: Lake Superior region: Alces, v. 24, p. 118-125.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"118","endPage":"125","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340769,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://flash.lakeheadu.ca/~arodgers/Alces/vol24_1988.html"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior region","volume":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fc4dc0e4b0413fd75d6a3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, A.W.","contributorId":78282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Terrell, J.W.","contributorId":15975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terrell","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordan, P.A.","contributorId":91584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}