{"pageNumber":"145","pageRowStart":"3600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11371,"records":[{"id":70032367,"text":"70032367 - 2008 - Modern erosion rates and loss of coastal features and sites, Beaufort Sea coastline, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-09T16:57:52.282183","indexId":"70032367","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern erosion rates and loss of coastal features and sites, Beaufort Sea coastline, Alaska","docAbstract":"This study presents modern erosion rate measurements based upon vertical aerial photography captured in 1955, 1979, and 2002 for a 100 km segment of the Beaufort Sea coastline. Annual erosion rates from 1955 to 2002 averaged 5.6 m a-1. However, mean erosion rates increased from 5.0 m a-1 in 1955-79 to 6.2 m a-1 in 1979-2002. Furthermore, from the first period to the second, erosion rates increased at 60% (598) of the 992 sites analyzed, decreased at 31% (307), and changed less than ?? 30 cm at 9% (87). Historical observations and quantitative studies over the past 175 years allowed us to place our erosion rate measurements into a longer-term context. Several of the coastal features along this stretch of coastline received Western place names during the Dease and Simpson expedition in 1837, and the majority of those features had been lost by the early 1900s as a result of coastline erosion, suggesting that erosion has been active over at least the historical record. Incorporation of historical and modern observations also allowed us to detect the loss of both cultural and historical sites and modern infrastructure. U.S. Geological Survey topographic maps reveal a number of known cultural and historical sites, as well as sites with modern infrastructure constructed as recently as the 1950s, that had disappeared by the early 2000s as a result of coastal erosion. We were also able to identify sites that are currently being threatened by an encroaching coastline. Our modern erosion rate measurements can potentially be used to predict when a historical site or modern infrastructure will be affected if such erosion rates persist. ?? The Arctic Institute of North America.","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/ARCTIC44","usgsCitation":"Jones, B.M., Hinkel, K.M., Arp, C., and Eisner, W.R., 2008, Modern erosion rates and loss of coastal features and sites, Beaufort Sea coastline, Alaska: Arctic, v. 61, no. 4, p. 361-372, https://doi.org/10.14430/ARCTIC44.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"372","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489810,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic44","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241676,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154,\n              71\n            ],\n            [\n              -154,\n              70.666\n            ],\n            [\n              -152,\n              70.666\n            ],\n            [\n              -152,\n              71\n            ],\n            [\n              -154,\n              71\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c94e4b0c8380cd6fdd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hinkel, Kenneth M.","contributorId":15405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkel","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arp, C.D.","contributorId":54715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arp","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eisner, Wendy R.","contributorId":35497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisner","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032366,"text":"70032366 - 2008 - Genetic analysis of paramyxovirus isolates from pacific salmon reveals two independently co-circulating lineages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032366","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic analysis of paramyxovirus isolates from pacific salmon reveals two independently co-circulating lineages","docAbstract":"Viruses with the morphological and biochemical characteristics of the family Paramyxoviridae (paramyxoviruses) have been isolated from adult salmon returning to rivers along the Pacific coast of North America since 1982. These Pacific salmon paramyxoviruses (PSPV), which have mainly been isolated from Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, grow slowly in established fish cell lines and have not been associated with disease. Genetic analysis of a 505-base-pair region of the polymerase gene from 47 PsPV isolates produced 17 nucleotide sequence types that could be grouped into two major sublineages, designated A and B. The two independently co-circulating sublineages differed by 12.1-13.9% at the nucleotide level but by only 1.2% at the amino acid level. Isolates of PSPV from adult Pacific salmon returning to rivers from Alaska to California over a 25-year period showed little evidence of geographic or temporal grouping. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that these paramyxoviruses of Pacific salmon were most closely related to the Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus (ASPV) from Norway, having a maximum nucleotide diversity of 26.1 % and an amino acid diversity of 19.0%. When compared with homologous sequences of other paramyxoviruses, PSPV and ASPV were sufficiently distinct to suggest that they are not clearly members of any of the established genera in the family Paramyxoviridae. in the course of this study, a polymerase chain reaction assay was developed that can be used for confirmatory identification of PSPV. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/H07-050.1","issn":"08997","usgsCitation":"Batts, W., Falk, K., and Winton, J., 2008, Genetic analysis of paramyxovirus isolates from pacific salmon reveals two independently co-circulating lineages: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 20, no. 4, p. 215-224, https://doi.org/10.1577/H07-050.1.","startPage":"215","endPage":"224","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":491484,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1409177","text":"External Repository"},{"id":213992,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H07-050.1"},{"id":241675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1562e4b0c8380cd54db9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Batts, W.N. 0000-0002-6469-9004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6469-9004","contributorId":51043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batts","given":"W.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falk, K.","contributorId":45528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falk","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032067,"text":"70032067 - 2008 - Early marine growth of pink salmon in Prince William Sound and the coastal gulf of Alaska during years of low and high survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70032067","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early marine growth of pink salmon in Prince William Sound and the coastal gulf of Alaska during years of low and high survival","docAbstract":"Although early marine growth has repeatedly been correlated with overall survival in Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., we currently lack a mechanistic understanding of smolt-to-adult survival. Smolt-to-adult survival of pink salmon O. gorbuscha returning to Prince William Sound was lower than average for juveniles that entered marine waters in 2001 and 2003 (3% in both years), and high for those that entered the ocean in 2002 (9%) and 2004 (8%). We used circulus patterns from scales to determine how the early marine growth of juvenile pink salmon differed (1) seasonally during May-October, the period hypothesized to be critical for survival; (2) between years of low and high survival; and (3) between hatchery and wild fish. Juvenile pink salmon exhibited larger average size, migrated onto the continental shelf and out of the sampling area more quickly, and survived better during 2002 and 2004 than during 2001 and 2003. Pink salmon were consistently larger throughout the summer and early fall during 2002 and 2004 than during 2001 and 2003, indicating that larger, faster-growing juveniles experienced higher survival. Wild juvenile pink salmon were larger than hatchery fish during low-survival years, but no difference was observed during high-survival years. Differences in size among years were determined by some combination of growing conditions and early mortality, the strength of which could vary significantly among years. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T07-015.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Cross, A., Beauchamp, D., Myers, K., and Moss, J., 2008, Early marine growth of pink salmon in Prince William Sound and the coastal gulf of Alaska during years of low and high survival: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 137, no. 3, p. 927-939, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-015.1.","startPage":"927","endPage":"939","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214967,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T07-015.1"}],"volume":"137","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a048be4b0c8380cd50a49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, A.D.","contributorId":71381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beauchamp, D.A.","contributorId":54397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Myers, K.W.","contributorId":36725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moss, J.H.","contributorId":38772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moss","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032049,"text":"70032049 - 2008 - Changes in abundance and spatial distribution of geese molting near Teshekpuk Lake, Alaska: Interspecific competition or ecological change?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-27T22:20:36.622806","indexId":"70032049","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in abundance and spatial distribution of geese molting near Teshekpuk Lake, Alaska: Interspecific competition or ecological change?","docAbstract":"Goose populations molting in the Teshekpuk Lake Special Area of the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska have changed in size and distribution over the past 30 years. Black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) are relatively stable in numbers but are shifting from large, inland lakes to salt marshes. Concurrently, populations of greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) have increased seven fold. Populations of Canada geese (Branta canadensis and/or B. hutchinsii) are stable with little indication of distributional shifts. The lesser snow goose (Anser caerulescens caerulescens) population is proportionally small, but increasing rapidly. Coastline erosion of the Beaufort Sea has altered tundra habitats by allowing saltwater intrusion, which has resulted in shifts in composition of forage plant species. We propose two alternative hypotheses for the observed shift in black brant distribution. Ecological change may have altered optimal foraging habitats for molting birds, or alternatively, interspecific competition between black brant and greater white-fronted geese may be excluding black brant from preferred habitats. Regardless of the causative mechanism, the observed shifts in species distributions are an important consideration for future resource planning. ?? 2007 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polar Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00300-007-0386-8","issn":"07224060","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., Mallek, E., King, R., Schmutz, J.A., Bollinger, K., and Derksen, D.V., 2008, Changes in abundance and spatial distribution of geese molting near Teshekpuk Lake, Alaska: Interspecific competition or ecological change?: Polar Biology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 549-556, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-007-0386-8.","startPage":"549","endPage":"556","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242430,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214683,"rank":2,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-007-0386-8"}],"volume":"31","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f409e4b0c8380cd4bad3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mallek, E.J.","contributorId":20703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallek","given":"E.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, R.J.","contributorId":19268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bollinger, K.S.","contributorId":85542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032046,"text":"70032046 - 2008 - Chlorinated, brominated, and perfluorinated compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements in livers of sea otters from California, Washington, and Alaska (USA), and Kamchatka (Russia)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-24T10:55:08.36997","indexId":"70032046","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2259,"text":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chlorinated, brominated, and perfluorinated compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements in livers of sea otters from California, Washington, and Alaska (USA), and Kamchatka (Russia)","docAbstract":"<p>Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (DDTs, HCHs, and chlordanes), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), and 20 trace elements were determined in livers of 3- to 5-year old stranded sea otters collected from the coastal waters of California, Washington, and Alaska (USA) and from Kamchatka (Russia). Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, and PBDEs were high in sea otters collected from the California coast. Concentrations of DDTs were 10-fold higher in California sea otters than in otters from other locations; PCB concentrations were 5-fold higher, and PBDE concentrations were 2-fold higher, in California sea otters than in otters from other locations. Concentrations of PAHs were higher in sea otters from Prince William Sound than in sea otters from other locations. Concentrations of several trace elements were elevated in sea otters collected from California and Prince William Sound. Elevated concentrations of Mn and Zn in sea otters from California and Prince William Sound were indicative of oxidative stress-related injuries in these two populations. Concentrations of all of the target compounds, including trace elements, that were analyzed in sea otters from Kamchatka were lower than those found from the US coastal locations.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/b718596k","issn":"14640325","usgsCitation":"Kannan, K., Moon, H., Yun, S., Agusa, T., Thomas, N., and Tanabe, S., 2008, Chlorinated, brominated, and perfluorinated compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements in livers of sea otters from California, Washington, and Alaska (USA), and Kamchatka (Russia): Journal of Environmental Monitoring, v. 10, no. 4, p. 552-558, https://doi.org/10.1039/b718596k.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"552","endPage":"558","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008083","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health 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J. 0000-0002-0161-0391","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-0391","contributorId":49731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"N. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tanabe, S.","contributorId":93005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanabe","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70031983,"text":"70031983 - 2008 - Silurian gastropoda from southeastern and west-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70031983","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silurian gastropoda from southeastern and west-central Alaska","docAbstract":"Additional Silurian (Ludlovian) gastropods are described from the Heceta Formation in the Alexander terrane on Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska. Species include Spinicharybdis krizi n. sp., Spinicharybdis boucoti n. sp., Morania wagneri n. sp., Haplospira craigi n. sp., Australonema sp., Pachystrophia cf. gotlandica (Lindstro??m, 1884), and Medfrazyga gilmulli n. sp. An additional new Silurian species, Morania nixonforkensis n. sp., is described from the Nixon Fork subterrane of the Farewell terrane of west-central Alaska. The spine-bearing Spinicharybdis is placed into a new subfamily Spinicharybdiinae together with Hystricoceras Jahn, 1894. Joint occurrences of genera Beraunia, Coelocaulus, and Morania, as well as members of subfamily Spinicharybdiinae in the gastropod fauna from the Heceta Formation, support its close relationship with gastropod fauna of Bohemia. Additionally, the occurrence of the genus Medfrazyga suggests a faunal link between the Alexander and Farewell terranes of Alaska. Medfrazyga gilmulli n. sp. is the oldest known and the only early Paleozoic member of the family Palaeozygopleuridae. Copyright ?? 2008, The Paleontological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Paleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1666/07-006.1","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Rohr, D., Blodgett, R.B., and Fryda, J., 2008, Silurian gastropoda from southeastern and west-central Alaska: Journal of Paleontology, v. 82, no. 3, p. 604-611, https://doi.org/10.1666/07-006.1.","startPage":"604","endPage":"611","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214711,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1666/07-006.1"},{"id":242459,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f3fe4b08c986b318e08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rohr, D.M.","contributorId":6276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohr","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fryda, J.","contributorId":105140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryda","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031923,"text":"70031923 - 2008 - Are fractal dimensions of the spatial distribution of mineral deposits meaningful?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70031923","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are fractal dimensions of the spatial distribution of mineral deposits meaningful?","docAbstract":"It has been proposed that the spatial distribution of mineral deposits is bifractal. An implication of this property is that the number of deposits in a permissive area is a function of the shape of the area. This is because the fractal density functions of deposits are dependent on the distance from known deposits. A long thin permissive area with most of the deposits in one end, such as the Alaskan porphyry permissive area, has a major portion of the area far from known deposits and consequently a low density of deposits associated with most of the permissive area. On the other hand, a more equi-dimensioned permissive area, such as the Arizona porphyry permissive area, has a more uniform density of deposits. Another implication of the fractal distribution is that the Poisson assumption typically used for estimating deposit numbers is invalid. Based on datasets of mineral deposits classified by type as inputs, the distributions of many different deposit types are found to have characteristically two fractal dimensions over separate non-overlapping spatial scales in the range of 5-1000 km. In particular, one typically observes a local dimension at spatial scales less than 30-60 km, and a regional dimension at larger spatial scales. The deposit type, geologic setting, and sample size influence the fractal dimensions. The consequence of the geologic setting can be diminished by using deposits classified by type. The crossover point between the two fractal domains is proportional to the median size of the deposit type. A plot of the crossover points for porphyry copper deposits from different geologic domains against median deposit sizes defines linear relationships and identifies regions that are significantly underexplored. Plots of the fractal dimension can also be used to define density functions from which the number of undiscovered deposits can be estimated. This density function is only dependent on the distribution of deposits and is independent of the definition of the permissive area. Density functions for porphyry copper deposits appear to be significantly different for regions in the Andes, Mexico, United States, and western Canada. Consequently, depending on which regional density function is used, quite different estimates of numbers of undiscovered deposits can be obtained. These fractal properties suggest that geologic studies based on mapping at scales of 1:24,000 to 1:100,000 may not recognize processes that are important in the formation of mineral deposits at scales larger than the crossover points at 30-60 km. ?? 2008 International Association for Mathematical Geology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11053-008-9067-8","issn":"15207439","usgsCitation":"Raines, G.L., 2008, Are fractal dimensions of the spatial distribution of mineral deposits meaningful?: Natural Resources Research, v. 17, no. 2, p. 87-97, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-008-9067-8.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214742,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11053-008-9067-8"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed5be4b0c8380cd4976a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raines, G. L.","contributorId":90720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"G.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70031884,"text":"70031884 - 2008 - Dietary biomagnification of organochlorine contaminants in Alaskan polar bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70031884","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dietary biomagnification of organochlorine contaminants in Alaskan polar bears","docAbstract":"Concentrations of organochlorine contaminants in the adipose tissue of polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) vary throughout the Arctic. The range in concentrations has not been explained fully by bear age, sex, condition, location, or reproductive status. Dietary pathways expose polar bears to a variety of contaminant profiles and concentrations. Prey range from lower trophic level bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus L., 1758), one of the least contaminated marine mammals, to highly contaminated upper trophic level ringed seals (Phoca hispida (Schreber, 1775)). We used ??15N and ??13C signatures to estimate the trophic status of 42 polar bears sampled along Alaska's Beaufort Sea coast to determine the relationship between organochlorine concentration and trophic level. The ?? 15N values in the cellular portions of blood ranged from 18.2% to 20.7%. We found strong positive relationships between concentrations of the most recalcitrant polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and ??15N values in models incorporating age, lipid content, and ??13C value. Specifically these models accounted for 67% and 76% of the variation in PCB153 and oxychlordane concentration in male polar bears and 85% and 93% in females, respectively. These results are strong indicators of variation in diet and biomagnification of organochlorines among polar bears related to their sex, age, and trophic position. ?? 2008 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/Z07-124","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Bentzen, T., Follmann, E.H., Amstrup, S.C., York, G., Wooller, M.J., Muir, D., and O'Hara, T., 2008, Dietary biomagnification of organochlorine contaminants in Alaskan polar bears: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 86, no. 3, p. 177-191, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z07-124.","startPage":"177","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214738,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/Z07-124"},{"id":242488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00dbe4b0c8380cd4f966","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bentzen, T.W.","contributorId":97324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentzen","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Follmann, Erich H.","contributorId":24828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Follmann","given":"Erich","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":433581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"York, G.S.","contributorId":103857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wooller, M. J.","contributorId":17049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Muir, D.C.G.","contributorId":92021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muir","given":"D.C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"O'Hara, T. M.","contributorId":64610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Hara","given":"T. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70031882,"text":"70031882 - 2008 - Distribution and spawning dynamics of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in Glacier Bay, Alaska: A cold water refugium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T11:22:04","indexId":"70031882","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1660,"text":"Fisheries Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and spawning dynamics of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in Glacier Bay, Alaska: A cold water refugium","docAbstract":"Pacific capelin (Mallotus villosus) populations declined dramatically in the Northeastern Pacific following ocean warming after the regime shift of 1977, but little is known about the cause of the decline or the functional relationships between capelin and their environment. We assessed the distribution and abundance of spawning, non-spawning adult and larval capelin in Glacier Bay, an estuarine fjord system in southeastern Alaska. We used principal components analysis to analyze midwater trawl and beach seine data collected between 1999 and 2004 with respect to oceanographic data and other measures of physical habitat including proximity to tidewater glaciers and potential spawning habitat. Both spawning and non-spawning adult Pacific capelin were more likely to occur in areas closest to tidewater glaciers, and those areas were distinguished by lower temperature, higher turbidity, higher dissolved oxygen and lower chlorophyll a levels when compared with other areas of the bay. The distribution of larval Pacific capelin was not sensitive to glacial influence. Pre-spawning females collected farther from tidewater glaciers were at a lower maturity state than those sampled closer to tidewater glaciers, and the geographic variation in the onset of spawning is likely the result of differences in the marine habitat among sub-areas of Glacier Bay. Proximity to cold water in Glacier Bay may have provided a refuge for capelin during the recent warm years in the Gulf of Alaska.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2419.2008.00470.x","issn":"10546006","usgsCitation":"Arimitsu, M.L., Piatt, J.F., Litzow, M.A., Abookire, A.A., Romano, M.D., and Robards, M.D., 2008, Distribution and spawning dynamics of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in Glacier Bay, Alaska: A cold water refugium: Fisheries Oceanography, v. 17, no. 2, p. 137-146, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2419.2008.00470.x.","startPage":"137","endPage":"146","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214704,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2419.2008.00470.x"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a02a3e4b0c8380cd5013e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arimitsu, Mayumi L. 0000-0001-6982-2238 marimitsu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2238","contributorId":140501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arimitsu","given":"Mayumi","email":"marimitsu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Litzow, Michael A.","contributorId":8789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litzow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abookire, Alisa A.","contributorId":107224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abookire","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Romano, Marc D.","contributorId":73528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romano","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robards, Martin D.","contributorId":40148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robards","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70031879,"text":"70031879 - 2008 - The annual migration cycle of emperor geese in western Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-10T16:55:24.950844","indexId":"70031879","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The annual migration cycle of emperor geese in western Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Most emperor geese (</span><i>Chen canagica</i><span>) nest in a narrow coastal region of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) in western Alaska, but their winter distribution extends more than 3000 km from Kodiak Island, Alaska, to the Commander Islands, Russia. We marked 53 adult female emperor geese with satellite transmitters on the YKD in 1999, 2002, and 2003 to examine whether chronology of migration or use of seasonal habitats differed among birds that wintered in different regions. Females that migrated relatively short distances (650–1010 km) between the YKD and winter sites on the south side of the Alaska Peninsula bypassed autumn staging areas on the Bering Sea coast of the Alaska Peninsula or used them for shorter periods (mean = 57 days) than birds that made longer migrations (1600–2640 km) to the western Aleutian Islands (mean = 97 days). Alaska Peninsula migrants spent more days at winter sites (mean = 172 days, 95% CI: 129–214 days) than western Aleutian Island migrants (mean = 91 days, 95% CI: 83–99 days). Birds that migrated 930–1610 km to the eastern Aleutian Islands spent intermediate intervals at fall staging (mean = 77 days) and wintering areas (mean = 108 days, 95% CI: 95–119 days). Return dates to the YKD did not differ among birds that wintered in different regions. Coastal staging areas on the Alaska Peninsula may be especially important in autumn to prepare Aleutian migrants physiologically for long-distance migration to winter sites, and in spring to enable emperor geese that migrate different distances to reach comparable levels of condition before nesting.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic4","usgsCitation":"Hupp, J.W., Schmutz, J.A., and Ely, C.R., 2008, The annual migration cycle of emperor geese in western Alaska: Arctic, v. 61, no. 1, p. 23-34, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":419712,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150.2450831955602,\n              63.44394583371482\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              63.44394583371482\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              48.42759646748672\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.2450831955602,\n              48.42759646748672\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.2450831955602,\n              63.44394583371482\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9c0e4b08c986b3224b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031729,"text":"70031729 - 2008 - Monitoring volcanic threats using ASTER satellite data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-18T14:51:15.29859","indexId":"70031729","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Monitoring volcanic threats using ASTER satellite data","docAbstract":"<p>This document summarizes ongoing activities associated with a research project funded by the national aeronautics and space administration (NASA) focusing on volcanic change detection through the use of satellite imagery. This work includes systems development as well as improvements in data analysis methods. Participating organizations include the NASA land processes distributed active archive center (LP DAAC) at the U.S. geological survey (USGS) center for earth resources observation and science (EROS), the Advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) science team, the Alaska volcano observatory (AVO) at the USGS Alaska science center, the jet propulsion laboratory/California Institute of Technology (JPL/CalTech), the University of Pittsburgh, and the University of Alaska Fairbanks.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2007","conferenceDate":"Jun 23-28, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Barcelona, Spain","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423900","usgsCitation":"Duda, K.A., Wessels, R., Ramsey, M., and Dehn, J., 2008, Monitoring volcanic threats using ASTER satellite data, <i>in</i> International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Barcelona, Spain, Jun 23-28, 2007, p. 4669-4670, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423900.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"4669","endPage":"4670","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5dfce4b0c8380cd7071f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duda, K. A.","contributorId":88560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wessels, R. 0000-0001-9711-6402","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-6402","contributorId":33924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessels","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramsey, M.","contributorId":105124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dehn, J.","contributorId":36731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dehn","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031728,"text":"70031728 - 2008 - Mercury sedimentation in lakes in western Whatcom County, Washington, USA and its relation to local industrial and municipal atmospheric sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T13:18:52","indexId":"70031728","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury sedimentation in lakes in western Whatcom County, Washington, USA and its relation to local industrial and municipal atmospheric sources","docAbstract":"<p>Concentrations of mercury (Hg) were measured in six dated cores from four lakes in western Whatcom County, Washington, USA, that were at various bearings from a chlor-alkali plant, two municipal waste incinerators and a municipal sewage sludge incinerator. The importance of atmospheric emissions of Hg from these local municipal and industrial sources was evaluating by comparing the temporal trends in sedimentation of the lake cores with the emission history of each Hg species and by examining the geographical distribution of Hg sedimentation in relation to the region's primary wind pattern. Local municipal and industrial sources of atmospheric Hg were not responsible for the majority of the Hg in the upper layer of sediments of Whatcom County lakes because of (1) the significant enrichment of Hg in lake sediments prior to emissions of local industrial and municipal sources in 1964, (2) smaller increases in Hg concentrations occurred after 1964, (3) the similarity of maximum enrichments found in Whatcom County lakes to those in rural lakes around the world, (4) the inconsistency of the temporal trends in Hg sedimentation with the local emission history, and (5) the inconsistency of the geographic trends in Hg sedimentation with estimated deposition. Maximum enrichment ratios of Hg in lake sediments between 2 and 3 that are similar to rural areas in Alaska, Minnesota, and New England suggest that global sources of Hg were primarily responsible for increases of Hg in Whatcom County lakes beginning about 1900. ?? 2007 GovernmentEmployee: U.S. Government, Department of Interior, U.S. Geological Survey.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-007-9549-z","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Paulson, A., and Norton, D., 2008, Mercury sedimentation in lakes in western Whatcom County, Washington, USA and its relation to local industrial and municipal atmospheric sources: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 189, no. 1-4, p. 5-19, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9549-z.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212515,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9549-z"}],"volume":"189","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a542ce4b0c8380cd6ced4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulson, A.J. apaulson@usgs.gov","contributorId":89617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"A.J.","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norton, D.","contributorId":61391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norton","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030678,"text":"70030678 - 2008 - Genetic evidence of intercontinental movement of avian influenza in a migratory bird: The northern pintail (Anas acuta)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T14:22:41","indexId":"70030678","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic evidence of intercontinental movement of avian influenza in a migratory bird: The northern pintail (Anas acuta)","docAbstract":"<p>The role of migratory birds in the movement of the highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza H5N1 remains a subject of debate. Testing hypotheses regarding intercontinental movement of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses will help evaluate the potential that wild birds could carry Asian-origin strains of HP avian influenza to North America during migration. Previous North American assessments of LPAI genetic variation have found few Asian reassortment events. Here, we present results from whole-genome analyses of LPAI isolates collected in Alaska from the northern pintail (Anas acuta), a species that migrates between North America and Asia. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the genetic divergence between Asian and North American strains of LPAI, but also suggested inter-continental virus exchange and at a higher frequency than previously documented. In 38 isolates from Alaska, nearly half (44.7%) had at least one gene segment more closely related to Asian than to North American strains of LPAI. Additionally, sequences of several Asian LPAI isolates from GenBank clustered more closely with North American northern pintail isolates than with other Asian origin viruses. Our data support the role of wild birds in the intercontinental transfer of influenza viruses, and reveal a higher degree of transfer in Alaska than elsewhere in North America. ?? 2008 The Authors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03953.x","issn":"09621","usgsCitation":"Koehler, A., Pearce, J.M., Flint, P.L., Franson, J.C., and Ip, S., 2008, Genetic evidence of intercontinental movement of avian influenza in a migratory bird: The northern pintail (Anas acuta): Molecular Ecology, v. 17, no. 21, p. 4754-4762, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03953.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"4754","endPage":"4762","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health 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 \"}}]}","volume":"17","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1577e4b0c8380cd54e1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koehler, A.V.","contributorId":96899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koehler","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70174089,"text":"70174089 - 2008 - Monitoring lingering oil from the Exxon Valdez spill on Gulf of Alaska armored beaches and mussel beds sixteen years post-spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-27T15:40:42","indexId":"70174089","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Monitoring lingering oil from the Exxon Valdez spill on Gulf of Alaska armored beaches and mussel beds sixteen years post-spill","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"EXLDetailsDisplayVal\">Final Rept. ; Prepared in Cooperation With&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Alaska</span>&nbsp;Univ., Fairbanks. Inst. of Arctic Biology. Sponsored By National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Ak.&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Alaska</span>Fisheries Science Center. ; Stranded&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Exxon</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Valdez</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>&nbsp;Has Persisted for 16&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Years</span>&nbsp;At Boulder-<span class=\"searchword\">Armored</span>&nbsp;Beach Sites Along National Park Coastlines Bordering the&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Gulf</span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Alaska</span>. These Sites Are Up to 640 Km&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">From</span>&nbsp;the&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Spill</span>&nbsp;Origin and Were Contaminated By&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>&nbsp;Mousse, a Viscous Water-in-<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>&nbsp;Emulsion. Although Surface&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>&nbsp;Has Continued to Decline, Subsurface Oiling Persists in Patches. Especially Striking Is the General Lack of Weathering of Stranded&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>&nbsp;on&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Armored</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Beaches</span>&nbsp;Over the Last 16&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Years</span>. At Three of the Four Sites Where&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>&nbsp;Was Sampled in 2005, the&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>&nbsp;Was Compositionally Similar to 11-Day Old&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Exxon</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Valdez</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>, Even After 16&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Years</span>. The Formation of Mousse Allowed Less-Weathered&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>&nbsp;to Be Transported Long Distances. The Sequestration of the&nbsp;<span class=\"searchword\">Oil</span>&nbsp;Beneath a Boulder Armor, Coupled With the Stability of the Boulder Armoring (Investigated By Examining Movement of Marked Boulders), Had Contributed to the Lengthy Persistence of This Stranded Oil. Opportunistic Sampling of Several Previously Studied Oiled Mussel Beds Indicates Continued Contamination of At Least One of the Sites By Not Very Weathered Exxon Valdez Oil. Long-Term Persistence of Oil in These Habitats Should Cause Reconsideration of Response Activities After Spills, and May Influence the Environmental Sensitivity Indices Applied to These Habitats.</span><span>&nbsp;</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"TOXLINE","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","usgsCitation":"Irvine, G., Mann, D., and Short, J., 2008, Monitoring lingering oil from the Exxon Valdez spill on Gulf of Alaska armored beaches and mussel beds sixteen years post-spill, v. 12.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57724e32e4b07657d1a819b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irvine, G.V.","contributorId":97051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"G.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, D.H.","contributorId":23282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Short, J.W.","contributorId":65631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030294,"text":"70030294 - 2008 - Pollen evidence for late pleistocene bering land bridge environments from Norton Sound, Northeastern Bering Sea, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T16:41:11.513395","indexId":"70030294","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pollen evidence for late pleistocene bering land bridge environments from Norton Sound, Northeastern Bering Sea, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>After more than half a century of paleoenvironmental investigations, disagreements persist as to the nature of vegetation type and climate of the Bering land bridge (BLB) during the late Wisconsin (Sartan) glacial interval. Few data exist from sites on the former land bridge, now submerged under the Bering and Chukchi Seas. Two hypotheses have emerged during the past decade. The first, based on pollen data from Bering Sea islands and adjacent mainlands of western Alaska and Northeast Siberia, represents the likely predominant vegetation on the Bering land bridge during full-glacial conditions: graminoid-herb-willow tundra vegetation associated with cold, dry winters and cool, dry summer climate. The second hypothesis suggests that dwarf birch-shrub-herb tundra formed a broad belt across the BLB, and that mesic vegetation was associated with cold, snowier winters and moist, cool summers. As a step towards resolving this controversy, a sediment core from Norton Sound, northeastern Bering Sea was radiocarbon dated and analyzed for pollen content. Two pollen zones were identified. The older, bracketed by radiocarbon ages of 29,500 and 11,515&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup><span>C yr BP, contains pollen assemblages composed of grass, sedge, wormwood, willow, and a variety of herb (forb) taxa. These assemblages are interpreted to represent graminoid-herb-willow tundra vegetation that developed under an arid, cool climate regime. The younger pollen zone sediments were deposited about 11,515&nbsp;</span><sup>14</sup><span>C yr BP, when rising sea level had begun to flood the BLB. This younger pollen zone contains pollen of birch, willow, heaths, aquatic plants, and spores of sphagnum moss. This is interpreted to represent a Lateglacial dwarf birch-heath-willow-herb tundra vegetation, likely associated with a wetter climate with deeper winter snows, and moist, cool summers. This record supports the first hypothesis, that graminoid-herb-willow tundra vegetation extended into the lowlands of the BLB during full glacial conditions of the late Wisconsin.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1657/1523-0430(07-076)[AGER]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15230","usgsCitation":"Ager, T.A., and Phillips, R., 2008, Pollen evidence for late pleistocene bering land bridge environments from Norton Sound, Northeastern Bering Sea, Alaska: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 40, no. 3, p. 451-461, https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(07-076)[AGER]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"451","endPage":"461","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476794,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(07-076)[ager]2.0.co;2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Norton Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -165.05859375,\n              63.11463763252091\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.6533203125,\n              63.11463763252091\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.6533203125,\n              68.366801093914\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.05859375,\n              68.366801093914\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.05859375,\n              63.11463763252091\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7cd4e4b0c8380cd79bd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ager, T. A.","contributorId":88386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, R. L.","contributorId":98289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"R. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010044,"text":"70010044 - 2008 - Wetland succession in a permafrost collapse: Interactions between fire and thermokarst","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T12:57:01","indexId":"70010044","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland succession in a permafrost collapse: Interactions between fire and thermokarst","docAbstract":"To determine the influence of fire and thermokarst in a boreal landscape, we investigated peat cores within and adjacent to a permafrost collapse feature on the Tanana River Floodplain of Interior Alaska. Radioisotope dating, diatom assemblages, plant macrofossils, charcoal fragments, and carbon and nitrogen content of the peat profile indicate ???600 years of vegetation succession with a transition from a terrestrial forest to a sedge-dominated wetland over 100 years ago, and to a Sphagnum-dominated peatland in approximately 1970. The shift from sedge to Sphagnum, and a decrease in the detrended tree-ring width index of black spruce trees adjacent to the collapse coincided with an increase in the growing season temperature record from Fairbanks. This concurrent wetland succession and reduced growth of black spruce trees indicates a step-wise ecosystem-level response to a change in regional climate. In 2001, fire was observed coincident with permafrost collapse and resulted in lateral expansion of the peatland. These observations and the peat profile suggest that future warming and/or increased fire disturbance could promote permafrost degradation, peatland expansion, and increase carbon storage across this landscape; however, the development of drought conditions could reduce the success of both black spruce and Sphagnum, and potentially decrease the long-term ecosystem carbon storage.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-5-1273-2008","issn":"17264170","usgsCitation":"Myers-Smith, I., Harden, J., Wilmking, M., Fuller, C.C., McGuire, A., and Chapin, F.S., 2008, Wetland succession in a permafrost collapse: Interactions between fire and thermokarst: Biogeosciences, v. 5, no. 5, p. 1273-1286, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-5-1273-2008.","startPage":"1273","endPage":"1286","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476823,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-5-1273-2008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":266033,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-5-1273-2008"},{"id":218623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd021e4b08c986b32ecba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers-Smith, I. H.","contributorId":13738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers-Smith","given":"I. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilmking, M.","contributorId":44665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilmking","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chapin, F. S. III","contributorId":16776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapin","given":"F.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":86194,"text":"sir20085159 - 2008 - Preliminary Volcano-Hazard Assessment for Gareloi Volcano, Gareloi Island, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T15:03:09","indexId":"sir20085159","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5159","title":"Preliminary Volcano-Hazard Assessment for Gareloi Volcano, Gareloi Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"Gareloi Volcano (178.794 degrees W and 51.790 degrees N) is located on Gareloi Island in the Delarof Islands group of the Aleutian Islands, about 2,000 kilometers west-southwest of Anchorage and about 150 kilometers west of Adak, the westernmost community in Alaska. This small (about 8x10 kilometer) volcano has been one of the most active in the Aleutians since its discovery by the Bering expedition in the 1740s, though because of its remote location, observations have been scant and many smaller eruptions may have gone unrecorded. Eruptions of Gareloi commonly produce ash clouds and lava flows. Scars on the flanks of the volcano and debris-avalanche deposits on the adjacent seafloor indicate that the volcano has produced large landslides in the past, possibly causing tsunamis. Such events are infrequent, occurring at most every few thousand years. The primary hazard from Gareloi is airborne clouds of ash that could affect aircraft. In this report, we summarize and describe the major volcanic hazards associated with Gareloi.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085159","usgsCitation":"Coombs, M.L., McGimsey, R.G., and Browne, B., 2008, Preliminary Volcano-Hazard Assessment for Gareloi Volcano, Gareloi Island, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5159, Report: vi, 27 p.; Plate: 30 x 20 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085159.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 27 p.; Plate: 30 x 20 inches","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11771,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5159/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db61066d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coombs, Michelle L. 0000-0002-6002-6806 mcoombs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-6806","contributorId":2809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coombs","given":"Michelle","email":"mcoombs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGimsey, Robert G. 0000-0001-5379-7779 mcgimsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-7779","contributorId":2352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"Robert","email":"mcgimsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":297137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Browne, Brandon L.","contributorId":21646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browne","given":"Brandon L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031878,"text":"70031878 - 2008 - Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect and continental evolution involving subduction underplating and synchronous foreland thrusting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-28T14:14:01.525362","indexId":"70031878","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect and continental evolution involving subduction underplating and synchronous foreland thrusting","docAbstract":"<p>We investigate the crustal structure and tectonic evolution of the North American continent in Alaska, where the continent has grown through magmatism, accretion, and tectonic underplating. In the 1980s and early 1990s, we conducted a geological and geophysical investigation, known as the Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT), along a 1350-km-long corridor from the Aleutian Trench to the Arctic coast. The most distinctive crustal structures and the deepest Moho along the transect are located near the Pacific and Arctic margins. Near the Pacific margin, we infer a stack of tectonically underplated oceanic layers interpreted as remnants of the extinct Kula (or Resurrection) plate. Continental Moho just north of this underplated stack is more than 55 km deep. Near the Arctic margin, the Brooks Range is underlain by large-scale duplex structures that overlie a tectonic wedge of North Slope crust and mantle. There, the Moho has been depressed to nearly 50 km depth. In contrast, the Moho of central Alaska is on average 32 km deep. In the Paleogene, tectonic underplating of Kula (or Resurrection) plate fragments overlapped in time with duplexing in the Brooks Range. Possible tectonic models linking these two regions include flat-slab subduction and an orogenic-float model. In the Neogene, the tectonics of the accreting Yakutat terrane have differed across a newly interpreted tear in the subducting Pacific oceanic lithosphere. East of the tear, Pacific oceanic lithosphere subducts steeply and alone beneath the Wrangell volcanoes, because the overlying Yakutat terrane has been left behind as underplated rocks beneath the rising St. Elias Range, in the coastal region. West of the tear, the Yakutat terrane and Pacific oceanic lithosphere subduct together at a gentle angle, and this thickened package inhibits volcanism.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G24257A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Fuis, G.S., Moore, T., Plafker, G., Brocher, T., Fisher, M.A., Mooney, W.D., Nokleberg, W., Page, R., Beaudoin, B.C., Christensen, N., Levander, A.R., Lutter, W.J., Saltus, R.W., and Ruppert, N., 2008, Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect and continental evolution involving subduction underplating and synchronous foreland thrusting: Geology, v. 36, no. 3, p. 267-270, https://doi.org/10.1130/G24257A.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"270","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154.86328125,\n              58.17070248348609\n            ],\n            [\n              -133.59375,\n              58.17070248348609\n            ],\n            [\n              -133.59375,\n              65.5129625532949\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.86328125,\n              65.5129625532949\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.86328125,\n              58.17070248348609\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb6b9e4b08c986b326e39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuis, Gary S. 0000-0002-3078-1544 fuis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-1544","contributorId":2639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"Gary","email":"fuis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":85592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plafker, George 0000-0003-3972-0390","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-0390","contributorId":36603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nokleberg, W. J. 0000-0002-1574-8869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":68312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Page, R.A.","contributorId":40197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Beaudoin, B. C.","contributorId":17629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaudoin","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Christensen, N.I.","contributorId":28016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"N.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Levander, A. R.","contributorId":104644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levander","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lutter, W. J.","contributorId":90361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutter","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Saltus, R. W.","contributorId":85588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"R.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ruppert, N.A.","contributorId":33510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70010016,"text":"70010016 - 2008 - NOAA/West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center Pacific Ocean response criteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-28T14:31:28","indexId":"70010016","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3351,"text":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NOAA/West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center Pacific Ocean response criteria","docAbstract":"New West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center (WCATWC) response criteria for earthquakes occurring in the Pacific basin are presented. Initial warning decisions are based on earthquake location, magnitude, depth, and - dependent on magnitude - either distance from source or precomputed threat estimates generated from tsunami models. The new criteria will help limit the geographical extent of warnings and advisories to threatened regions, and complement the new operational tsunami product suite. Changes to the previous criteria include: adding hypocentral depth dependence, reducing geographical warning extent for the lower magnitude ranges, setting special criteria for areas not well-connected to the open ocean, basing warning extent on pre-computed threat levels versus tsunami travel time for very large events, including the new advisory product, using the advisory product for far-offshore events in the lower magnitude ranges, and specifying distances from the coast for on-shore events which may be tsunamigenic. This report sets a baseline for response criteria used by the WCATWC considering its processing and observational data capabilities as well as its organizational requirements. Criteria are set for tsunamis generated by earthquakes, which are by far the main cause of tsunami generation (either directly through sea floor displacement or indirectly by triggering of slumps). As further research and development provides better tsunami source definition, observational data streams, and improved analysis tools, the criteria will continue to adjust. Future lines of research and development capable of providing operational tsunami warning centers with better tools are discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Tsunami Society","issn":"87556839","usgsCitation":"Whitmore, P., Benz, H., Bolton, M., Crawford, G., Dengler, L., Fryer, G., Goltz, J., Hansen, R., Kryzanowski, K., Malone, S., Oppenheimer, D., Petty, E., Rogers, G., and Wilson, J., 2008, NOAA/West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center Pacific Ocean response criteria: Science of Tsunami Hazards, v. 27, no. 2, p. 1-19.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268571,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://library.lanl.gov/tsunami/ts272.pdf"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a614de4b0c8380cd718dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitmore, P.","contributorId":93186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitmore","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benz, H.","contributorId":61953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bolton, M.","contributorId":92797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolton","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crawford, G.","contributorId":97624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dengler, L.","contributorId":54337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dengler","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fryer, G.","contributorId":21682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryer","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Goltz, J.","contributorId":98874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goltz","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hansen, R.","contributorId":56370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kryzanowski, K.","contributorId":66840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kryzanowski","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Malone, S.","contributorId":49512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Oppenheimer, D.","contributorId":66841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oppenheimer","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Petty, E.","contributorId":76461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petty","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Rogers, G.","contributorId":75103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Wilson, Jim","contributorId":10503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70009740,"text":"70009740 - 2008 - Deformation of the Augustine Volcano, Alaska, 1992-2005, measured by ERS and ENVISAT SAR interferometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-20T12:17:24","indexId":"70009740","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1430,"text":"Earth, Planets and Space","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation of the Augustine Volcano, Alaska, 1992-2005, measured by ERS and ENVISAT SAR interferometry","docAbstract":"<p>The Augustine Volcano is a conical-shaped, active stratovolcano located on an island of the same name in Cook Inlet, about 290 km southwest of Anchorage, Alaska. Augustine has experienced seven significant explosive eruptions - in 1812, 1883, 1908, 1935, 1963, 1976, 1986, and in January 2006. To measure the ground surface deformation of the Augustine Volcano before the 2006 eruption, we applied satellite radar interferometry using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from three descending and three ascending satellite tracks acquired by European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS) 1 and 2 and the Environment Satellite (ENVISAT). Multiple interferograms were stacked to reduce artifacts caused by atmospheric conditions, and we used a singular value decomposition method to retrieve the temporal deformation history from several points on the island. Interferograms during 1992 and 2005 show a subsidence of about 1-3 cm/year, caused by the contraction of pyroclastic flow deposits from the 1986 eruption. Subsidence has decreased exponentially with time. Multiple interferograms between 1992 and 2005 show no significant inflation around the volcano before the 2006 eruption. The lack of a pre-eruption deformation signal suggests that the deformation signal from 1992 to August 2005 must have been very small and may have been obscured by atmospheric delay artifacts.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/BF03352811","issn":"13438832","usgsCitation":"Lee, C., Lu, Z., Kwoun, O., and Won, J., 2008, Deformation of the Augustine Volcano, Alaska, 1992-2005, measured by ERS and ENVISAT SAR interferometry: Earth, Planets and Space, v. 60, no. 5, p. 447-452, https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03352811.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"447","endPage":"452","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476700,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/bf03352811","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218823,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Augustine Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.51470947265625,\n              59.412945785071\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.47625732421875,\n              59.41993301322722\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.446044921875,\n              59.428315784042574\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.39385986328125,\n              59.428315784042574\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.36090087890622,\n              59.41574084934491\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.34442138671875,\n              59.39477224351409\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.31695556640625,\n              59.37658895163648\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.32794189453125,\n              59.33599107056162\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.37188720703125,\n              59.32338185310805\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.446044921875,\n              59.31777625443006\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.5394287109375,\n              59.31076795603884\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.577880859375,\n              59.32618430580267\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.577880859375,\n              59.35139598294652\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.60260009765625,\n              59.379387015928536\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.59161376953125,\n              59.404559208021745\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.55865478515625,\n              59.410150490100754\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.51470947265625,\n              59.412945785071\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe4be4b0c8380cd4ec4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Chang-Wook","contributorId":15748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Chang-Wook","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":357021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kwoun, Oh-Ig","contributorId":41945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwoun","given":"Oh-Ig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Won, Joong-Sun","contributorId":16966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Won","given":"Joong-Sun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70010025,"text":"70010025 - 2008 - InSAR detects possible thaw settlement in the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-21T20:58:09","indexId":"70010025","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1175,"text":"Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"InSAR detects possible thaw settlement in the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"<p>Satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has proven to be an effective tool for monitoring surface deformation from volcanoes, earthquakes, landslides, and groundwater withdrawal. This paper seeks to expand the list of applications of InSAR data to include monitoring subsidence possibly associated with thaw settlement over the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain. To test our hypothesis that InSAR data are sufficiently sensitive to detect subsidence associated with thaw settlement, we acquired all Japanese Earth Resources Satellite-1 (JERS-1) L-band data available for the summers of 1996, 1997, and 1998 over two sites on the Alaska North Slope. The least amount of subsidence for both study sites was detected in the interferograms covering the summer of 1996 (2-3 cm), interferograms from 1997 and 1998 revealed that about 3 cm of subsidence occurred at the northern Cache One Lake site, and about 5 cm of subsidence was detected at the southern Kaparuk River site. These preliminary results illustrate the capacity of the L-band (24 cm) wavelength JERS-1 radar data to penetrate the short Arctic vegetation to monitor subsidence possibly associated with thaw settlement of the active layer and (or) other hydrologic changes over relatively large areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.5589/m08-018","issn":"07038992","usgsCitation":"Rykhus, R.P., and Lu, Z., 2008, InSAR detects possible thaw settlement in the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain: Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 34, no. 1-2, p. 100-112, https://doi.org/10.5589/m08-018.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219423,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39cfe4b0c8380cd61a50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rykhus, Russell P.","contributorId":27337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rykhus","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":357723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80923,"text":"fs20083005 - 2008 - Transport of water, carbon, and sediment through the Yukon River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-20T10:23:38","indexId":"fs20083005","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-3005","displayTitle":"Transport of Water, Carbon, and Sediment Through the Yukon River Basin","title":"Transport of water, carbon, and sediment through the Yukon River Basin","docAbstract":"<p>In 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a water-quality study of the Yukon River. The Yukon River Basin (YRB), which encompasses 330,000 square miles in northwestern Canada and central Alaska (fig. 1), is one of the largest and most diverse ecosystems in North America. The Yukon River is more than 1,800 miles long and is one of the last great uncontrolled rivers in the world, and is essential to the eastern Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea ecosystems, providing freshwater runoff, sediments, and nutrients (Brabets and others, 2000). Despite its remoteness, recent studies (Hinzman and others, 2005; Walvoord and Striegl, 2007) indicate the YRB is changing. These changes likely are in response to a warming trend in air temperature of 1.7i??C from 1951 to 2001 (Hartmann and Wendler, 2005). As a result of this warming trend, permafrost is thawing in the YRB, ice breakup occurs earlier on the main stem of the Yukon River and its tributaries, and timing of streamflow and movement of carbon and sediment through the basin is changing (Hinzman and others, 2005; Walvoord and Striegl, 2007). One of the most striking characteristics in the YRB is its seasonality. In the YRB, more than 75 percent of the annual streamflow runoff occurs during a five month period, May through September. This is important because streamflow determines when, where, and how much of a particular constituent will be transported. As an example, more than 95 percent of all sediment transported during an average year also occurs during this period (Brabets and others, 2000). During the other 7 months, streamflow, concentrations of sediment and other water-quality constituents are low and little or no sediment transport occurs in the Yukon River and its tributaries. Streamflow and water-quality data have been collected at more than 50 sites in the YRB (Dornblaser and Halm, 2006; Halm and Dornblaser, 2007). Five sites have been sampled more than 30 times and others have been sampled twice during peak- and low-flow conditions as part of synoptic sampling campaigns. Although the synoptic data do not provide a complete picture of water quality of a particular river through the year, the data do provide a snapshot of water-quality conditions at a particular time of year. Two constituents of interest are suspended sediment and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Suspended sediment is important because elevated concentrations can adversely affect aquatic life by obstructing fish gills, covering fish spawning sites, and altering habitat of benthic organisms. Metals and organic contaminants also tend to adsorb onto fine-grained sediment. Permafrost thawing has major implications for the carbon cycle. It is critical to understand the processes related to the transport of DOC to surface waters and how long-term climatic changes may alter these processes (Schuster and others, 2004).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20083005","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., and Schuster, P.F., 2008, Transport of water, carbon, and sediment through the Yukon River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3005, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083005.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125661,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3005.jpg"},{"id":367591,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3005/pdf/fs20083005.pdf"},{"id":10771,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166,59 ], [ -166,70 ], [ -129,70 ], [ -129,59 ], [ -166,59 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626bdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuster, Paul F. 0000-0002-8314-1372 pschuste@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1372","contributorId":1360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Paul","email":"pschuste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70174206,"text":"70174206 - 2008 - Using climate information for fuels management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T13:31:37","indexId":"70174206","displayToPublicDate":"2007-12-31T23:45:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5115,"text":"Climate Ecosystem Fire Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"CEFA Report 08-01","title":"Using climate information for fuels management","docAbstract":"<p>Climate has come to the forefront of wildfire discussions in recent years as research contributes to the general understanding of how climate influences fuels availability to burn, the occurrence of severe fire weather conditions and other wildfire parameters. This understanding has crossed over into wildfire management applications through the creation of tools like climate forecasts for wildfire and drought indices, which are now widely used in wildfire suppression and mitigation planning. The overall question is how can climate information help fire managers meet management objectives? Climate underlies weather. For example, a number of days could be generally wet, but that may occur in the context of a two-year overall drought. Knowing the baseline climate is not only critical to preventing escaped prescribed fires, but also how it may affect fire behavior, fire effects and whether or not fire managers will meet their fuels management objectives. Thus, for fire managers to use prescribed and WFU fire safely and effectively, and to minimize the number of escaped fires and conversions to suppression, they need to understand how current climate conditions will impact the use of fire. One example is the need to use prescribed fire under set &ldquo;burn windows&rdquo;. Since meteorological conditions vary considerably from year to year for a given day, fire managers will be more successful in utilizing burn windows effectively if they understand those climate thresholds conducive to an increased number of safe burn windows, and are able to predict and take advantage of those burn windows. While climate and wildfire has been studied extensively, climate and fire use has not. The initial goal of this project was to assess how climate impacts prescribed fire&nbsp;use in a more general sense. After a preliminary informal survey in the spring of 2003, we determined that 1) there is insufficient data (less than 10 years) to conduct empirical correlative studies similar to those of the relationships between climate and wildfire (e.g., Swetnam and Betancourt 1990), and 2) prescribed fire policy has many regulations that potentially inhibited the use of climate information for decision-making. It was also determined that because fire use is a human decision, it would be more informative to ask fire managers themselves how climate impacts fire use through their decision-making processes, and whether or not they use climate information for prescribed fire. The first task for this project was to complete a regional survey of prescribed fire managers in California and Nevada. During the second phase of the project, additional prescribed fire managers were surveyed across the country. During the third year a second survey of WFU managers was completed. The goals of these inquiries were to determine: 1) If fire managers use climate information for fuels management; 2) The perspective fire managers have towards climate affecting fuels management; 3) Determine any obstacles that make it difficult to use climate information for fuels management; and 4) Determine climate information managers need to help them make better decisions for fire use.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Desert Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Reno, NV","usgsCitation":"Kolden, C.A., and Brown, T.J., 2008, Using climate information for fuels management: Climate Ecosystem Fire Applications CEFA Report 08-01, 53 p.","productDescription":"53 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f30be4b07dd077c6ae3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolden, Crystal A.","contributorId":98610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolden","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Timothy J.","contributorId":172571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80203,"text":"cir1313 - 2007 - U.S. Geological Survey Activities Related to American Indians and Alaska Natives: Fiscal Year 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-20T12:15:39.450188","indexId":"cir1313","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-19T09:25:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1313","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Activities Related to American Indians and Alaska Natives: Fiscal Year 2005","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nThis report describes the activities that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted with American Indian and Alaska Native governments, educational institutions, and individuals during Federal fiscal year (FY) 2005. Most of these USGS activities were collaborations with Tribes, Tribal organizations, or professional societies. Others were conducted cooperatively with the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) or other Federal entities.\r\n\r\nThe USGS is the earth and natural science bureau within the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI). The USGS does not have regulatory or land management responsibilities.\r\n\r\nAs described in this report, there are many USGS activities that are directly relevant to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and to Native lands. A USGS website, dedicated to making USGS more accessible to American Indians, Alaska Natives, their governments, and institutions, is available at www.usgs.gov/indian. This website includes information on how to contact USGS American Indian/Alaska Native Liaisons, training opportunities, and links to other information resources. This report and previous editions are also available through the website.\r\n\r\nThe USGS realizes that Native knowledge and cultural traditions of living in harmony with nature result in unique Native perspectives that enrich USGS studies. USGS seeks to increase the sensitivity and openness of its scientists to the breadth of Native knowledge, expanding the information on which their research is based.\r\n\r\nUSGS scientific studies include data collection, mapping, natural resource modeling, and research projects. These projects typically last 2 or 3 years, although some are parts of longer-term activities. Some projects are funded cooperatively, with USGS funds matched or supplemented by individual Tribal governments, or by the BIA. These projects may also receive funding from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the Indian Health Service (part of the Department of Health and Human Services), or other Federal agencies. The USGS routinely works with its sister bureaus in the Department of the Interior to provide the scientific information and expertise needed to meet the Department's science priorities.\r\n\r\nSome USGS activities described in this report are conducted as collateral tasks that result from USGS employees identifying and responding to perceived needs. These endeavors are usually prompted by employee interests and frequently involve educational activities. The education is often a reciprocal learning and teaching experience for USGS employees and for Native participants. Through these activities, USGS employees help to fulfill a mission of the USGS - to demonstrate scientific relevance - while helping their fellow citizens. Increasingly, some of the educational activities are becoming parts of formal USGS projects.\r\n\r\nUSGS employees also take initiative in assisting American Indians and Alaska Natives by participating in several organizations that promote awareness of science career opportunities among Native peoples and help build support and communication networks. One such group is the American Indian Science and Engineering Society (AISES). USGS employees join this organization on a voluntary basis, bringing the benefits of this expanded network to the USGS, as many employees do with other professional organizations.\r\n\r\nThe studies briefly described in this report span subsistence issues, wildlife health, water quality, mineral resources, monitoring and modeling to gather information and predict what may happen in the future. Although each project description relates to Native Americans in some way, the projects vary widely, including who conducted the work, the goals and products, the duration of the study, and whether it was local or covered a broad area. Each major organizational unit of the USGS has identified an American Indian/Alaska Native liaison. The USGS has a regional organizational structure, with Western, Central,","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1313","isbn":"9781411318762","usgsCitation":"Marcus, S.M., 2007, U.S. Geological Survey Activities Related to American Indians and Alaska Natives: Fiscal Year 2005 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1313, xvi, 116 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1313.","productDescription":"xvi, 116 p.","temporalStart":"2004-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2007/1313/coverthb.gif"},{"id":10015,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2007/1313/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db61377d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marcus, Susan M.","contributorId":97076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcus","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70172021,"text":"70172021 - 2007 - Electrical activity during the 2006 Mount St. Augustine volcanic eruptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-06T15:34:16","indexId":"70172021","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-24T01:45:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electrical activity during the 2006 Mount St. Augustine volcanic eruptions","docAbstract":"<p><span>By using a combination of radio frequency time-of-arrival and interferometer measurements, we observed a sequence of lightning and electrical activity during one of Mount St. Augustine's eruptions. The observations indicate that the electrical activity had two modes or phases. First, there was an explosive phase in which the ejecta from the explosion appeared to be highly charged upon exiting the volcano, resulting in numerous apparently disorganized discharges and some simple lightning. The net charge exiting the volcano appears to have been positive. The second phase, which followed the most energetic explosion, produced conventional-type discharges that occurred within plume. Although the plume cloud was undoubtedly charged as a result of the explosion itself, the fact that the lightning onset was delayed and continued after and well downwind of the eruption indicates that in situ charging of some kind was occurring, presumably similar in some respects to that which occurs in normal thunderstorms.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1126/science.1136091","usgsCitation":"Thomas, R., Krehbiel, P.R., Rison, W., Edens, H.E., Aulich, G., McNutt, S., Tytgat, G., and Clark, E., 2007, Electrical activity during the 2006 Mount St. Augustine volcanic eruptions: Science, v. 315, p. 1097-1097, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1136091.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1097","endPage":"1097","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Southwestern Cook Inlet in the Kenai Peninsula Borough of southcentral coastal Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.6485595703125,\n              43.35713822211053\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.6485595703125,\n              45.521743896993634\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.7811279296875,\n              45.521743896993634\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.7811279296875,\n              43.35713822211053\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.6485595703125,\n              43.35713822211053\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.6046600341797,\n              59.316549906490465\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.6046600341797,\n              59.42167959499959\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.32313537597656,\n              59.42167959499959\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.32313537597656,\n              59.316549906490465\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.6046600341797,\n              59.316549906490465\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"315","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57569eb0e4b023b96ec28444","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Ronald J.","contributorId":25371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Ronald J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":633149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krehbiel, Paul R.","contributorId":31622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krehbiel","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":633150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rison, William","contributorId":70640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rison","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":633151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edens, H. 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