There are 30 threatened or endangered species of waterfowl worldwide, and several sub-populations are also threatened. Some of these species occur in North America, and others there are also of conservation concern due to declining population trends and their importance to hunters. Here we review conservation initiatives being undertaken for several of these latter species, along with conservation measures in place in Europe, to seek common themes and approaches that could be useful in developing broad conservation guidelines. While focal species may vary in their life histories, population threats and geopolitical context, most conservation efforts have used a systematic approach to understand factors limiting populations and o identify possible management or policy actions. This approach generally includes a priori identification of plausible hypotheses about population declines or status, incorporation of hypotheses into conceptual or quantitative planning models, and the use of some form of structured decision making and adaptive management to develop and implement conservation actions in the face of many uncertainties. A climate of collaboration among jurisdictions sharing these birds is important to the success of a conservation or management programme. The structured conservation approach exemplified herein provides an opportunity to involve stakeholders at all planning stages, allows for all views to be examined and incorporated into model structures, and yields a format for improved communication, cooperation and learning, which may ultimately be one of the greatest benefits of this strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust","usgsCitation":"Austin, J.E., Slattery, S., and Clark, R.G., 2014, Waterfowl populations of conservation concern: learning from diverse challenges, models, and conservation strategies: Wildfowl, v. 2014, no. Special Issue 4, p. 470-497.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"470","endPage":"497","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053628","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296688,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildfowl.wwt.org.uk/index.php/wildfowl/article/view/2617"}],"volume":"2014","issue":"Special Issue 4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5492a937e4b00eda8915ad01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, Jane E. jaustin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane","email":"jaustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":536714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slattery, Stuart","contributorId":130965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slattery","given":"Stuart","affiliations":[{"id":7182,"text":"Ducks Unlimited Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":536715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Robert G.","contributorId":33781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":536716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70135252,"text":"70135252 - 2014 - A multiscale, hierarchical model of pulse dynamics in arid-land ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-18T09:10:50","indexId":"70135252","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-15T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":808,"text":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multiscale, hierarchical model of pulse dynamics in arid-land ecosystems","docAbstract":"Ecological processes in arid lands are often described by the pulse-reserve paradigm, in which rain events drive biological activity until moisture is depleted, leaving a reserve. This paradigm is frequently applied to processes stimulated by one or a few precipitation events within a growing season. Here we expand the original framework in time and space and include other pulses that interact with rainfall. This new hierarchical pulse-dynamics framework integrates space and time through pulse-driven exchanges, interactions, transitions, and transfers that occur across individual to multiple pulses extending from micro to watershed scales. Climate change will likely alter the size, frequency, and intensity of precipitation pulses in the future, and arid-land ecosystems are known to be highly sensitive to climate variability. Thus, a more comprehensive understanding of arid-land pulse dynamics is needed to determine how these ecosystems will respond to, and be shaped by, increased climate variability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Reviews","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-120213-091650","usgsCitation":"Collins, S., Belnap, J., Grimm, N.B., Rudgers, J., Dahm, C., D’Odorico, P., Litvak, M., Natvig, D.O., Peters, D.C., Pockman, W., Sinsabaugh, R.L., and Wolf, B.O., 2014, A multiscale, hierarchical model of pulse dynamics in arid-land ecosystems: Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, v. 45, p. 397-419, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-120213-091650.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"419","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056887","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54900627e4b020a14785d244","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Scott L.","contributorId":71307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Scott L.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grimm, N. 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A.","affiliations":[{"id":7164,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dahm, Clifford N.","contributorId":22730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahm","given":"Clifford N.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"D’Odorico, P.","contributorId":56528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Odorico","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Litvak, M.","contributorId":127830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Litvak","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7164,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Natvig, D. O.","contributorId":127831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Natvig","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":7164,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Peters, Douglas C.","contributorId":106797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pockman, W. T.","contributorId":57260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pockman","given":"W. T.","affiliations":[{"id":7164,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sinsabaugh, R. 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O.","contributorId":87897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":7164,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70135156,"text":"70135156 - 2014 - Predicting spatial and temporal distribution of Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Biscayne Bay through habitat suitability modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-22T18:40:45","indexId":"70135156","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-10T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting spatial and temporal distribution of Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Biscayne Bay through habitat suitability modeling","docAbstract":"Invasive species may exhibit higher levels of growth and reproduction when environmental conditions are most suitable, and thus their effects on native fauna may be intensified. Understanding potential impacts of these species, especially in the nascent stages of a biological invasion, requires critical information concerning spatial and temporal distributions of habitat suitability. Using empirically supported environmental variables (e.g., temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, rugosity, and benthic substrate), our models predicted habitat suitability for the invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Biscayne Bay, Florida. The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a platform for the modeling process allowed us to quantify correlations between temporal (seasonal) fluctuations in the above variables and the spatial distribution of five discrete habitat quality classes, whose ranges are supported by statistical deviations from the apparent best conditions described in prior studies. Analysis of the resulting models revealed little fluctuation in spatial extent of the five habitat classes on a monthly basis. Class 5, which represented the area with environmental variables closest to the best conditions for lionfish, occupied approximately one-third of Biscayne Bay, with subsequent habitats declining in area. A key finding from this study was that habitat suitability increased eastward from the coastline, where higher quality habitats were adjacent to the Atlantic Ocean and displayed marine levels of ambient water quality. Corroboration of the models with sightings from the USGS-NAS database appeared to support our findings by nesting 79 % of values within habitat class 5; however, field testing (i.e., lionfish surveys) is necessary to confirm the relationship between habitat classes and lionfish distribution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-014-0819-6","usgsCitation":"Bernal, N.A., DeAngelis, D., Schofield, P.J., and Sullivan Sealey, K., 2014, Predicting spatial and temporal distribution of Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Biscayne Bay through habitat suitability modeling: Biological Invasions, v. 17, no. 6, p. 1603-1614, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0819-6.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1603","endPage":"1614","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051582","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296572,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.42816162109375,\n 25.23972731233395\n ],\n [\n -80.42816162109375,\n 25.888878582127084\n ],\n [\n -80.013427734375,\n 25.888878582127084\n ],\n [\n -80.013427734375,\n 25.23972731233395\n ],\n [\n -80.42816162109375,\n 25.23972731233395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54896eb5e4b027aeab781284","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernal, Nicholas A.","contributorId":127809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernal","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7162,"text":"University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":2860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schofield, Pamela J. 0000-0002-8752-2797 pschofield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-2797","contributorId":917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"Pamela","email":"pschofield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sullivan Sealey, Kathleen","contributorId":127810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan Sealey","given":"Kathleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5112,"text":"University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70141389,"text":"70141389 - 2014 - Establishing a baseline for regional scale monitoring of eelgrass (Zostera marina) habitat on the lower Alaska Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-18T15:04:15","indexId":"70141389","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Establishing a baseline for regional scale monitoring of eelgrass (Zostera marina) habitat on the lower Alaska Peninsula","docAbstract":"Seagrass meadows, one of the world’s most widespread and productive ecosystems, provide a wide range of services with real economic value. 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Eelgrass was estimated to cover ~31,000 ha, 91% of submerged aquatic vegetation on the lower Alaska Peninsula, nearly doubling the known spatial extent of eelgrass in the region. Mapping accuracy was 80%–90% for eelgrass distribution at locations containing adequate field survey data for error analysis.
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monitoring of white-tailed deer for chronic wasting disease in the northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T09:33:22","indexId":"70173442","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-05T03:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surveillance and monitoring of white-tailed deer for chronic wasting disease in the northeastern United States","docAbstract":"Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion disease that affects both wild and captive cervid populations. In the past 45 y, CWD has spread from northern Colorado to all bordering states, as well as the midwestern United States (Midwest) and northeastern United States (Northeast), Canada, and South Korea. Because CWD is a relatively new issue for wildlife management agencies in the Northeast, we surveyed a representative (e.g., cervid biologist, wildlife veterinarian) from 14 states to gain a better understanding of state-specific surveillance measures. Between 2002 and 2012, New York (37,093) and Pennsylvania (35,324) tested the greatest number of harvested white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus in the Northeast. Additionally, the 14 states surveyed have tested 121,730 harvested deer, or approximately 15,216/y, since CWD was first detected in 2005. The most common tissues used by agencies in the Northeast for testing were retropharyngeal lymph nodes, which have been determined to be the most reliable in detecting CWD in cervids. Understanding CWD surveillance efforts at a regional scale can help to provide guidance for the development of new surveillance plans or the improvement of existing ones. Furthermore, collaborations among state and regional agencies in the Northeast may attempt to identify deficiencies in surveillance by state or subregion.
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The Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD), situated in western Alaska on the eastern edge of the Bering Sea, is one of the largest deltaic systems in North America. Its low relief makes it especially susceptible to storm-driven flood tides and increases in sea level. Little information exists on the extent of flooding caused by storm surges in western Alaska and its effects on salinization, shoreline erosion, permafrost thaw, vegetation, wildlife, and the subsistence-based economy. In this paper, we summarize storm flooding events in the Bering Sea region of western Alaska during 1913 – 2011 and map both the extent of inland flooding caused by autumn storms on the central YKD, using Radarsat-1 and MODIS satellite imagery, and the drift lines, using high-resolution IKONOS satellite imagery and field surveys. The largest storm surges occurred in autumn and were associated with high tides and strong (> 65 km hr-1) southwest winds. Maximum inland extent of flooding from storm surges was 30.3 km in 2005, 27.4 km in 2006, and 32.3 km in 2011, with total flood area covering 47.1%, 32.5%, and 39.4% of the 6730 km2 study area, respectively. Peak stages for the 2005 and 2011 storms were 3.1 m and 3.3 m above mean sea level, respectively—almost as high as the 3.5 m amsl elevation estimated for the largest storm observed (in November 1974). Several historically abandoned village sites lie within the area of inundation of the largest flood events. With projected sea level rise, large storms are expected to become more frequent and cover larger areas, with deleterious effects on freshwater ponds, non-saline habitats, permafrost, and landscapes used by nesting birds and local people.
","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic4403","usgsCitation":"Terenzi, J., Ely, C.R., and Jorgenson, M., 2014, Storm-surge flooding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: Arctic, v. 67, no. 3, p. 360-374, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4403.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"360","endPage":"374","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049144","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4403","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ],\n [\n -141.6796875,\n 58.81374171570782\n ],\n [\n -178.2421875,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 71.69129271863999\n ],\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261ce4b0ac64d148dce0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terenzi, John jterenzi@usgs.gov","contributorId":5085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terenzi","given":"John","email":"jterenzi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. 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Like their sister taxa, the well-documented Common Loon (G. immer) of the boreal forest, Yellow-billed Loons exhibit strong territorial behavior during the breeding season. Little is known about what size territories are required, however, or how readily territories are retained from year to year. An understanding of territory dynamics and size is needed by management agencies as most of the U.S. breeding population of Yellow-billed Loons resides in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska where oil and gas development is expected to increase in the next few decades. Using locational data from a set of Yellow-billed Loons marked with satellite transmitters, we quantified an index of territory radius for each of three breeding populations: two in Alaska and one in Canada. The mean territory radius was 0.42 km for Yellow-billed Loons summering on lakes within the Seward Peninsula in northwest Alaska, 0.69 km for Yellow-billed Loons within the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska (encompasses the National Petroleum Reserve), and 0.96 km for Yellow-billed Loons within Daring Lake in mainland Canada. In this study, the mean territory radius on the Arctic Coastal Plain was about half the distance identified in stipulations for industrial development in the National Petroleum Reserve. The range in territory size among areas corresponded to a gradient in size of lakes used by Yellow-billed Loons with territories at the two Alaska sites on lakes averaging < 200 ha while territories in Canada were generally on much larger lakes. In the year after capture, 71% of Yellow-billed Loons retained territories that were held the previous year. Most Yellow-billed Loons that lost their territories wandered over a large area within 6 km of their prior territory. No Yellow-billed Loons occupied new territories, though one reacquired its prior territory after a 1-year hiatus. Retention of a territory in a subsequent year was positively related to early arrival dates at the breeding site. For Yellow-billed Loons on the Arctic Coastal Plain, this relationship was quite strong with a week lag in arrival decreasing the probability of retaining a territory by 80%. These collective observations, in combination with theoretical studies of population regulation by floaters (non-territorial birds), suggest that lake habitat suitable for breeding Yellow-billed Loons may currently limit population size in this species.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.037.sp108","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., Wright, K., DeSorbo, C.R., Fair, J., Evers, D.C., Uher-Koch, B.D., and Mulcahy, D.M., 2014, Size and retention of breeding territories of yellow-billed loons in Alaska and Canada: Waterbirds, v. 37, no. 1, p. 53-63, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp108.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"63","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045992","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296410,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ],\n [\n -141.6796875,\n 58.81374171570782\n ],\n [\n -178.2421875,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 71.69129271863999\n ],\n [\n -141.328125,\n 71.63599288330606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.90625,\n 66.23145747862573\n ],\n [\n -109.6875,\n 66.26685631430843\n ],\n [\n -109.423828125,\n 63.97596090918338\n ],\n [\n -113.99414062499999,\n 64.24459476798192\n ],\n [\n -113.90625,\n 66.23145747862573\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261ce4b0ac64d148dcde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Kenneth G.","contributorId":127672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Kenneth G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeSorbo, Christopher R.","contributorId":127667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeSorbo","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fair, Jeff","contributorId":127668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fair","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evers, David C.","contributorId":96160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evers","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Uher-Koch, Brian D. 0000-0002-1885-0260 buher-koch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-0260","contributorId":5117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uher-Koch","given":"Brian","email":"buher-koch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70134602,"text":"70134602 - 2014 - Historic and contemporary mercury exposure and potential risk to yellow-billed loons (Gavia adamsii) breeding in Alaska and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:51:55","indexId":"70134602","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historic and contemporary mercury exposure and potential risk to yellow-billed loons (Gavia adamsii) breeding in Alaska and Canada","docAbstract":"The Yellow-billed Loon (Gavia adamsii) is one of the rarest breeding birds in North America. Because of the small population size and patchy distribution, any stressor to its population is of concern. To determine risks posed by environmental mercury (Hg) loads, we captured 115 Yellow-billed Loons between 2002 and 2012 in the North American Arctic and sampled their blood and/or feather tissues and collected nine eggs. Museum samples from Yellow-billed Loons also were analyzed to examine potential changes in Hg exposure over time. An extensive database of published Hg concentrations and associated adverse effects in Common Loons (G. immer) is highly informative and representative for Yellow-billed Loons. Blood Hg concentrations reflect dietary uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) from breeding areas and are generally considered near background levels if less than 1.0 µg/g wet weight (ww). Feather (grown at wintering sites) and egg Hg concentrations can represent a mix of breeding and wintering dietary uptake of MeHg. Based on Common Loon studies, significant risk of reduced reproductive success generally occurs when adult Hg concentrations exceed 2.0 µg/g ww in blood, 20.0 µg/g fresh weight (fw) in flight feathers and 1.0 µg/g ww in eggs. Contemporary mercury concentrations for 176 total samples (across all study sites for 115 Yellow-billed Loons) ranged from 0.08 to 1.45 µg/g ww in blood, 3.0 to 24.9 µg/g fw in feathers and 0.21 to 1.23 µg/g ww in eggs. Mercury concentrations in blood, feather and egg tissues indicate that some individual Yellow-billed Loons in breeding populations across North America are at risk of lowered productivity resulting from Hg exposure. Most Yellow-billed Loons breeding in Alaska overwinter in marine waters of eastern Asia. Although blood Hg concentrations from most breeding loons in Alaska are within background levels, some individuals exhibit elevated feather and egg Hg concentrations, which likely indicate the uptake of MeHg originating from eastern Asia. Feather Hg concentrations tended to be highest in individuals overwintering farthest west (closer to Asia). A retrospective analysis of museum specimens (n = 25) found a two-fold increase in Yellow-billed Loon feather Hg concentrations from the pre-1920s (as early as 1845) to the present. The projected increase in Hg deposition (approximately four-fold by 2050) along with the uncertainty of Hg being released through the thawing of permafrost and Arctic sea ice suggest that Hg body burdens in Yellow-billed Loons may increase. These findings indicate that Hg is a current and potentially increasing environmental stressor for the Yellow-billed Loon and possibly other Nearctic-Palearctic migrant birds.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.037.sp117","usgsCitation":"Evers, D.C., Schmutz, J.A., Basu, N., DeSorbo, C.R., Fair, J., Gray, C., Paruk, J.D., Perkins, M., Regan, K., Uher-Koch, B.D., and Wright, K., 2014, Historic and contemporary mercury exposure and potential risk to yellow-billed loons (Gavia adamsii) breeding in Alaska and Canada: Waterbirds, v. 37, no. 1, p. 147-159, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp117.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"159","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052422","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472594,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1675/063.037.sp117","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54802619e4b0ac64d148dcd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evers, David C.","contributorId":96160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evers","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Basu, Niladri","contributorId":60085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Basu","given":"Niladri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeSorbo, Christopher R.","contributorId":127667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeSorbo","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fair, Jeff","contributorId":127668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fair","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gray, Carrie E.","contributorId":127669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Carrie E.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":25572,"text":"University of Maine, Orono","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Paruk, James D.","contributorId":127670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paruk","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Perkins, Marie","contributorId":22957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkins","given":"Marie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Regan, Kevin","contributorId":127671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regan","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Uher-Koch, Brian D. 0000-0002-1885-0260 buher-koch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-0260","contributorId":5117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uher-Koch","given":"Brian","email":"buher-koch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wright, Kenneth G.","contributorId":127672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Kenneth G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70134538,"text":"70134538 - 2014 - Temporal patterns in the foraging behavior of sea otters in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-13T12:11:08","indexId":"70134538","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal patterns in the foraging behavior of sea otters in Alaska","docAbstract":"Activity time budgets in apex predators have been proposed as indicators of population status relative to resource limitation or carrying capacity. We used archival time-depth recorders implanted in 15 adult female and 4 male sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from the northernmost population of the species, Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, to examine temporal patterns in their foraging behavior. Sea otters that we sampled spent less time foraging during summer (females 8.8 hr/day, males 7.9 hr/day) than other seasons (females 10.1–10.5 hr/day, males 9.2–9.5 hr/day). Both sexes showed strong preferences for diurnal foraging and adjusted their foraging effort in response to the amount of available daylight. One exception to this diurnal foraging mode occurred after females gave birth. For approximately 3 weeks post-partum, females switched to nocturnal foraging, possibly in an effort to reduce the risk of predation by eagles on newborn pups. We used multilevel mixed regression models to assess the contribution of several biological and environmental covariates to variation in the daily foraging effort of parous females. In the random effects only model, 87% of the total variation in foraging effort was within-otter variation. The relatively small among-otter variance component (13%) indicates substantial consistency in the foraging effort of sea otters in this northern population. In the top 3 models, 17% of the within-otter variation was explained by reproductive stage, day length, wind speed, air temperature and a wind speed × air temperature interaction. This study demonstrates the potential importance of environmental and reproductive effects when using activity budgets to assess population status relative to carrying capacity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.701","usgsCitation":"Esslinger, G.G., Bodkin, J.L., Breton, A., Burns, J.M., and Monson, D., 2014, Temporal patterns in the foraging behavior of sea otters in Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 78, no. 4, p. 689-700, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.701.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"700","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046417","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.0625,\n 60.726943611101966\n ],\n [\n -146.8212890625,\n 61.39671887310411\n ],\n [\n -145.50292968749997,\n 60.44638185995603\n ],\n [\n -147.83203125,\n 59.84481485969105\n ],\n [\n -149.0625,\n 60.726943611101966\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5480261ce4b0ac64d148dce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esslinger, George G. 0000-0002-3459-0083 gesslinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-0083","contributorId":131009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esslinger","given":"George","email":"gesslinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breton, André R.","contributorId":47682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breton","given":"André R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, Jennifer M.","contributorId":98569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70140326,"text":"70140326 - 2014 - Localized rejuvenation of a crystal mush recorded in zircon temporal and compositional variation at the Lassen Volcanic Center, northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T10:00:21","indexId":"70140326","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Localized rejuvenation of a crystal mush recorded in zircon temporal and compositional variation at the Lassen Volcanic Center, northern California","docAbstract":"Zircon ages and trace element compositions from recent silicic eruptions in the Lassen Volcanic Center (LVC) allow for an evaluation of the timing and conditions of rejuvenation (reheating and mobilization of crystals) within the LVC magmatic system. The LVC is the southernmost active Cascade volcano and, prior to the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, was the site of the only eruption in the Cascade arc during the last century. The three most recent silicic eruptions from the LVC were very small to moderate-sized lava flows and domes of dacite (1915 and 27 ka eruptions of Lassen Peak) and rhyodacite (1.1 ka eruption of Chaos Crags). These eruptions produced mixed and mingled lavas that contain a diverse crystal cargo, including zircon. 238U-230Th model ages from interior and surface analyses of zircon reveal ages from ~17 ka to secular equilibrium (>350 ka), with most zircon crystallizing during a period between ~60–200 ka. These data support a model for localized rejuvenation of crystal mush beneath the LVC. This crystal mush evidently is the remnant of magmatism that ended ~190 ka. Most zircon are thought to have been captured from “cold storage” in the crystal mush (670–725°C, Hf >10,000 ppm, Eu/Eu* 0.25–0.4) locally remobilized by intrusion of mafic magma. A smaller population of zircon (>730°C, Hf <10,000 ppm, Eu/Eu* >0.4) grew in, and are captured from, rejuvenation zones. These data suggest the dominant method to produce eruptible melt within the LVC is small-scale, local rejuvenation of the crystal mush accompanied by magma mixing and mingling. Based on zircon stability, the time required to heat, erupt and then cool to background conditions is relatively short, lasting a maximum of 10 s–1000 s years. Rejuvenation events in the LVC are ephemeral and permit eruption within an otherwise waning and cooling magmatic body.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0113157","usgsCitation":"Klemetti, E.W., and Clynne, M.A., 2014, Localized rejuvenation of a crystal mush recorded in zircon temporal and compositional variation at the Lassen Volcanic Center, northern California: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 12, e113157; 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113157.","productDescription":"e113157; 22 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057791","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113157","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lassen Volcanic Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.55548095703125,\n 40.46523354237969\n ],\n [\n -121.55548095703125,\n 40.513277131087484\n ],\n [\n -121.4528274536133,\n 40.513277131087484\n ],\n [\n -121.4528274536133,\n 40.46523354237969\n ],\n [\n -121.55548095703125,\n 40.46523354237969\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a92e4b08de9379b3102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klemetti, Erik W.","contributorId":139092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klemetti","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12650,"text":"Denison University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70136369,"text":"70136369 - 2014 - Exposure pathways and biological receptors: baseline data for the canyon uranium mine, Coconino County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:02:31","indexId":"70136369","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exposure pathways and biological receptors: baseline data for the canyon uranium mine, Coconino County, Arizona","docAbstract":"Recent restrictions on uranium mining within the Grand Canyon watershed have drawn attention to scientific data gaps in evaluating the possible effects of ore extraction to human populations as well as wildlife communities in the area. Tissue contaminant concentrations, one of the most basic data requirements to determine exposure, are not available for biota from any historical or active uranium mines in the region. The Canyon Uranium Mine is under development, providing a unique opportunity to characterize concentrations of uranium and other trace elements, as well as radiation levels in biota, found in the vicinity of the mine before ore extraction begins. Our study objectives were to identify contaminants of potential concern and critical contaminant exposure pathways for ecological receptors; conduct biological surveys to understand the local food web and refine the list of target species (ecological receptors) for contaminant analysis; and collect target species for contaminant analysis prior to the initiation of active mining. Contaminants of potential concern were identified as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, thallium, uranium, and zinc for chemical toxicity and uranium and associated radionuclides for radiation. The conceptual exposure model identified ingestion, inhalation, absorption, and dietary transfer (bioaccumulation or bioconcentration) as critical contaminant exposure pathways. The biological survey of plants, invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and small mammals is the first to document and provide ecological information on .200 species in and around the mine site; this study also provides critical baseline information about the local food web. Most of the species documented at the mine are common to ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa and pinyon–juniper Pinus–Juniperus spp. forests in northern Arizona and are not considered to have special conservation status by state or federal agencies; exceptions are the locally endemic Tusayan flameflower Phemeranthus validulus, the long-legged bat Myotis volans, and the Arizona bat Myotis occultus. The most common vertebrate species identified at the mine site included the Mexican spadefoot toad Spea multiplicata, plateau fence lizard Sceloporus tristichus, violetgreen swallow Tachycineta thalassina, pygmy nuthatch Sitta pygmaea, purple martin Progne subis, western bluebird Sialia mexicana, deermouse Peromyscus maniculatus, valley pocket gopher Thomomys bottae, cliff chipmunk Tamias dorsalis, black-tailed jackrabbit Lepus californicus, mule deer Odocoileus hemionus, and elk Cervus canadensis. A limited number of the most common species were collected for contaminant analysis to establish baseline contaminant and radiological concentrations prior to ore extraction. These empirical baseline data will help validate contaminant exposure pathways and potential threats from contaminant exposures to ecological receptors. Resource managers will also be able to use these data to determine the extent to which local species are exposed to chemical and radiation contamination once the mine is operational and producing ore. More broadly, these data could inform resource management decisions on mitigating chemical and radiation exposure of biota at high-grade uranium breccia pipes throughout the Grand Canyon watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3996/052014-JFWM-039","usgsCitation":"Hinck, J.E., Linder, G.L., Darrah, A.J., Drost, C.A., Duniway, M.C., Johnson, M.J., Mendez-Harclerode, F.M., Nowak, E., Valdez, E.W., van Riper, C., and Wolff, S., 2014, Exposure pathways and biological receptors: baseline data for the canyon uranium mine, Coconino County, Arizona: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 5, no. 2, p. 422-440, https://doi.org/10.3996/052014-JFWM-039.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"422","endPage":"440","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055758","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology 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linder2@usgs.gov","contributorId":1766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"Greg","email":"linder2@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Darrah, Abigail J. adarrah@usgs.gov","contributorId":5883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darrah","given":"Abigail","email":"adarrah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":537451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drost, Charles A. 0000-0002-4792-7095 charles_drost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-7095","contributorId":3151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"Charles","email":"charles_drost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Matthew J. mjjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Matthew","email":"mjjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":27989,"text":"Colorado Plateau Research Station, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mendez-Harclerode, Francisca M.","contributorId":131136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendez-Harclerode","given":"Francisca","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7259,"text":"Bethel College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nowak, Erika M.","contributorId":14062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"Erika M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Valdez, Ernest W. 0000-0002-7262-3069 ernie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7262-3069","contributorId":3600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdez","given":"Ernest","email":"ernie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wolff, S.W.","contributorId":30550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolff","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70147923,"text":"70147923 - 2014 - Accounting for imperfect detection and survey bias in statistical analysis of presence-only data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T11:39:45","indexId":"70147923","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1839,"text":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accounting for imperfect detection and survey bias in statistical analysis of presence-only data","docAbstract":"Aim
\nDuring the past decade ecologists have attempted to estimate the parameters of species distribution models by combining locations of species presence observed in opportunistic surveys with spatially referenced covariates of occurrence. Several statistical models have been proposed for the analysis of presence-only data, but these models have largely ignored the effects of imperfect detection and survey bias. In this paper I describe a model-based approach for the analysis of presence-only data that accounts for errors in the detection of individuals and for biased selection of survey locations.
\nInnovation
\nI develop a hierarchical, statistical model that allows presence-only data to be analysed in conjunction with data acquired independently in planned surveys. One component of the model specifies the spatial distribution of individuals within a bounded, geographic region as a realization of a spatial point process. A second component of the model specifies two kinds of observations, the detection of individuals encountered during opportunistic surveys and the detection of individuals encountered during planned surveys.
\nMain conclusions
\nUsing mathematical proof and simulation-based comparisons, I demonstrate that biases induced by errors in detection or biased selection of survey locations can be reduced or eliminated by using the hierarchical model to analyse presence-only data in conjunction with counts observed in planned surveys. I show that a relatively small number of high-quality data (from planned surveys) can be used to leverage the information in presence-only observations, which usually have broad spatial coverage but may not be informative of both occurrence and detectability of individuals. Because a variety of sampling protocols can be used in planned surveys, this approach to the analysis of presence-only data is widely applicable. In addition, since the point-process model is formulated at the level of an individual, it can be extended to account for biological interactions between individuals and temporal changes in their spatial distributions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Scientific Publications","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/geb.12216","usgsCitation":"Dorazio, R., 2014, Accounting for imperfect detection and survey bias in statistical analysis of presence-only data: Global Ecology and Biogeography, v. 23, no. 12, p. 1472-1484, https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12216.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1472","endPage":"1484","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053071","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2ade4b0a92fa7e93bd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorazio, Robert M. bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","contributorId":140635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert M.","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70134901,"text":"70134901 - 2014 - Geologic implications of gas hydrates in the offshore of India: Krishna-Godavari Basin, Mahanadi Basin, Andaman Sea, Kerala-Konkan Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-09T11:36:59","indexId":"70134901","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic implications of gas hydrates in the offshore of India: Krishna-Godavari Basin, Mahanadi Basin, Andaman Sea, Kerala-Konkan Basin","docAbstract":"Gas hydrate resource assessments that indicate enormous global volumes of gas present within hydrate accumulations have been one of the primary driving forces behind the growing interest in gas hydrates. Gas hydrate volumetric estimates in recent years have focused on documenting the geologic parameters in the “gas hydrate petroleum system” that control the occurrence of gas hydrates in nature. The primary goals of this report are to review our present understanding of the geologic controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate in the offshore of India and to document the application of the petroleum system approach to the study of gas hydrates.
\nNational Gas Hydrate Program of India executed the National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01 (NGHP-01) in 2006 in four areas located on the eastern and western margins of the Indian Peninsula and in the Andaman Sea. These areas have experienced very different tectonic and depositional histories. The peninsular margins are passive continental margins resulting from a series of rifting episodes during the breakup and dispersion of Gondwanaland to form the present Indian Ocean. The Andaman Sea is bounded on its western side by a convergent margin where the Indian plate lithosphere is being subducted beneath southeast Asia.
\nNGHP-01 drilled, logged, and/or cored 15 sites (31 holes) in the Krishna–Godavari Basin, 4 sites (5 holes) in the Mahanadi Basin, 1 site (2 holes) in the Andaman Sea, and 1 site (1 hole) in the Kerala–Konkan Basin. Holes were drilled using standard drilling methods for the purpose of logging-while-drilling and dedicated wireline logging; as well as through the use of a variety of standard coring systems and specialized pressure coring systems.
\nNGHP-01 yielded evidence of gas hydrate from downhole log and core data obtained from all the sites in the Krishna–Godavari Basin, the Mahanadi Basin, and in the Andaman Sea. The site drilled in the Kerala–Konkan Basin during NGHP-01 did not yield any evidence of gas hydrate. Most of the downhole log-inferred gas hydrate and core-recovered gas hydrate were characterized as either fracture-filling in clay-dominated sediments or as pore-filling or grain-displacement particles disseminated in both fine- and coarse-grained sediments. Geochemical analyses of gases obtained from sediment cores recovered during NGHP-01 indicated that the gas in most all of the hydrates in the offshore of India is derived from microbial sources; only one site in the Andaman Sea exhibited limited evidence of a thermogenic gas source. The gas hydrate petroleum system concept has been used to effectively characterize the geologic controls on the occurrence of gas hydrates in the offshore of India.
","language":"English","publisher":"Butterworth Scientific Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Guildford, Surrey","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.031","usgsCitation":"Kumar, P., Collett, T.S., Boswell, R., Cochran, J.R., Lall, M., Mazumdar, A., Ramana, M.V., Ramprasad, T., Riedel, M., Sain, K., Sathe, A.V., Vishwanath, K., and Yadav, U., 2014, Geologic implications of gas hydrates in the offshore of India: Krishna-Godavari Basin, Mahanadi Basin, Andaman Sea, Kerala-Konkan Basin: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 58, no. A, p. 29-98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.031.","productDescription":"70 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"98","numberOfPages":"70","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058227","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1556756","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296475,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.031"}],"volume":"58","issue":"A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54882b50e4b02acb4f0c8c31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kumar, Pushpendra","contributorId":54886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"Pushpendra","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boswell, Ray","contributorId":12307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cochran, James R.","contributorId":127762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cochran","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lall, Malcolm","contributorId":127755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lall","given":"Malcolm","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7136,"text":"Directorate General of Hydrocarbons, Plot No 2, Sector 73, Noida, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mazumdar, Aninda","contributorId":127756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazumdar","given":"Aninda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7137,"text":"CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Donapaula, Goa 403004, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ramana, Mangipudi Venkata","contributorId":127757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramana","given":"Mangipudi","email":"","middleInitial":"Venkata","affiliations":[{"id":7138,"text":"Mauritius Oceanography Institute, Mauritius","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ramprasad, Tammisetti","contributorId":127758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramprasad","given":"Tammisetti","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7137,"text":"CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Donapaula, Goa 403004, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Riedel, Michael","contributorId":7518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sain, Kalachand","contributorId":127759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sain","given":"Kalachand","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7139,"text":"CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sathe, Arun Vasant","contributorId":127760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sathe","given":"Arun","email":"","middleInitial":"Vasant","affiliations":[{"id":7140,"text":"Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd., KDM Inst. of Petroleum Exploration, Uttaranchal, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Vishwanath, Krishna","contributorId":127761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vishwanath","given":"Krishna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7136,"text":"Directorate General of Hydrocarbons, Plot No 2, Sector 73, Noida, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Yadav, U.S.","contributorId":127763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yadav","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7141,"text":"Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd, KDM Institute of Petroleum Exploration, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70134891,"text":"70134891 - 2014 - Geologic implications of gas hydrates in the offshore of India: results of the National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-09T11:44:51","indexId":"70134891","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic implications of gas hydrates in the offshore of India: results of the National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01","docAbstract":"The Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01 (NGHP-01) is designed to study the occurrence of gas hydrate along the passive continental margin of the Indian Peninsula and in the Andaman convergent margin, with special emphasis on understanding the geologic and geochemical controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate in these two diverse settings. The NGHP-01 expedition established the presence of gas hydrates in the Krishna-Godavari and Mahanadi Basins, and the Andaman Sea. The expedition discovered in the Krishna-Godavari Basin one of the thickest gas hydrate accumulations ever documented, in the Andaman Sea one of the thickest and deepest gas hydrate stability zones in the world, and established the existence of a fully developed gas hydrate petroleum system in all three basins.
\nThe primary goal of NGHP-01 was to conduct scientific ocean drilling/coring, logging, and analytical activities to assess the geologic occurrence, regional context, and characteristics of gas hydrate deposits along the continental margins of India. This was done in order to meet the long-term goal of exploiting gas hydrate as a potential energy resource in a cost effective and safe manner. During its 113.5-day voyage, the D/V JOIDES Resolution cored and/or drilled 39 holes at 21 sites (1 site in Kerala-Konkan, 15 sites in Krishna-Godavari, 4 sites in Mahanadi, and 1 site in the Andaman deep offshore area), penetrated more than 9250 m of sedimentary section, and recovered nearly 2850 m of core. Twelve holes were logged with logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools and an additional 13 holes were wireline logged. The science team utilized extensive on-board laboratory facilities to examine and prepare preliminary reports on the physical properties, geochemistry, and sedimentology of all the data collected prior to the end of the expedition. Samples were also analyzed in additional post-expedition shore-based studies conducted in leading laboratories around the world.
\nOne of the specific objectives of this expedition was to test gas hydrate formation models and constrain model parameters, especially those that account for the formation of concentrated gas hydrate accumulations. The necessary data for characterizing the occurrence of in situ gas hydrate, such as interstitial water chlorinities, core-derived gas chemistry, physical and sedimentological properties, thermal images of the recovered cores, and downhole measured logging data (LWD and/or conventional wireline log data), were obtained from most of the drill sites established during NGHP-01. Almost all of the drill sites yielded evidence for the occurrence of gas hydrate; however, the inferred in situ concentration of gas hydrate varied substantially from site to site. For the most part, the interpretation of downhole logging data, core thermal images, interstitial water analyses, and pressure core images from the sites drilled during NGHP-01 indicate that the occurrence of concentrated gas hydrate is mostly associated with the presence of fractures in the sediments, and in some limited cases, by coarser grained (mostly sand-rich) sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Butterworth Scientific Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Guildford, Surrey","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.021","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., Boswell, R., Cochran, J.R., Kumar, P., Lall, M., Mazumdar, A., Ramana, M.V., Ramprasad, T., Riedel, M., Sain, K., Sathe, A.V., and Vishwanath, K., 2014, Geologic implications of gas hydrates in the offshore of India: results of the National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 01: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 58, no. A, p. 3-28, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.021.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058226","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1556750","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296528,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296474,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.021"}],"volume":"58","issue":"A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54882b50e4b02acb4f0c8c33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boswell, Ray","contributorId":12307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cochran, J. R.","contributorId":127754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cochran","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7135,"text":"Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kumar, Pushpendra","contributorId":54886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"Pushpendra","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lall, Malcolm","contributorId":127755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lall","given":"Malcolm","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7136,"text":"Directorate General of Hydrocarbons, Plot No 2, Sector 73, Noida, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mazumdar, Aninda","contributorId":127756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazumdar","given":"Aninda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7137,"text":"CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Donapaula, Goa 403004, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ramana, Mangipudi Venkata","contributorId":127757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramana","given":"Mangipudi","email":"","middleInitial":"Venkata","affiliations":[{"id":7138,"text":"Mauritius Oceanography Institute, Mauritius","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ramprasad, Tammisetti","contributorId":127758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramprasad","given":"Tammisetti","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7137,"text":"CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Donapaula, Goa 403004, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Riedel, Michael","contributorId":7518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":526642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sain, Kalachand","contributorId":127759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sain","given":"Kalachand","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7139,"text":"CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sathe, Arun Vasant","contributorId":127760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sathe","given":"Arun","email":"","middleInitial":"Vasant","affiliations":[{"id":7140,"text":"Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd., KDM Inst. of Petroleum Exploration, Uttaranchal, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Vishwanath, Krishna","contributorId":127761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vishwanath","given":"Krishna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7136,"text":"Directorate General of Hydrocarbons, Plot No 2, Sector 73, Noida, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70159690,"text":"70159690 - 2014 - The fellow speaks: Sometimes you get only one chance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T13:31:08","indexId":"70159690","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":722,"text":"AGU Hydrology Section Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The fellow speaks: Sometimes you get only one chance","docAbstract":"I am grateful to AGU for selecting me as one of the five recipient of the 2014 Ambassador Award, which also includes election as a Union Fellow. I thank my colleague Steve Ingebritsen for nominating me. As Steve’s citation mentions my work on the Deepwater Horizon oil spill response, I would like to reflect on this experience.
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill is well documented in the report of the National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling (2011). Washington Post writer John Achenbach’s (2011) book gives a behind-the-scene portrayal of the crisis and explains oil drilling technology in layman’s terms. A special feature in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (v. 109, no. 50, December 11, 2012) presents 4 perspectives and 11 research articles on “Science Applications in the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill.” Here, I will simply share my personal perspective.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","usgsCitation":"Hsieh, P.A., 2014, The fellow speaks: Sometimes you get only one chance: AGU Hydrology Section Newsletter, no. December 2014, p. 17-19.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059976","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311477,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311456,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hydrology.agu.org/agu-hydrology-section-newsletter/"}],"issue":"December 2014","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564daf54e4b0112df6c62e36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70139355,"text":"70139355 - 2014 - A visualization tool to support decision making in environmental and biological planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-27T09:37:05","indexId":"70139355","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A visualization tool to support decision making in environmental and biological planning","docAbstract":"Large-scale ecosystem management involves consideration of many factors for informed decision making. The EverVIEW Data Viewer is a cross-platform desktop decision support tool to help decision makers compare simulation model outputs from competing plans for restoring Florida's Greater Everglades. The integration of NetCDF metadata conventions into EverVIEW allows end-users from multiple institutions within and beyond the Everglades restoration community to share information and tools. Our development process incorporates continuous interaction with targeted end-users for increased likelihood of adoption. One of EverVIEW's signature features is side-by-side map panels, which can be used to simultaneously compare species or habitat impacts from alternative restoration plans. Other features include examination of potential restoration plan impacts across multiple geographic or tabular displays, and animation through time. As a result of an iterative, standards-driven approach, EverVIEW is relevant to large-scale planning beyond Florida, and is used in multiple biological planning efforts in the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.008","usgsCitation":"Romañach, S., McKelvy, M., Conzelmann, C., and Suir, K.J., 2014, A visualization tool to support decision making in environmental and biological planning: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 62, p. 221-229, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.008.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"229","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046311","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297571,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297563,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.09.008"}],"volume":"62","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a4fe4b08de9379b2fd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romañach, Stephanie S. 0000-0003-0271-7825 sromanach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":2331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romañach","given":"Stephanie S.","email":"sromanach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKelvy, Mark 0000-0001-5465-2571 mckelvym@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5465-2571","contributorId":4865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKelvy","given":"Mark","email":"mckelvym@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conzelmann, Craig 0000-0002-4227-8719 conzelmannc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4227-8719","contributorId":2361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conzelmann","given":"Craig","email":"conzelmannc@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Suir, Kevin J. 0000-0003-1570-9648 suirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-9648","contributorId":4894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suir","given":"Kevin","email":"suirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70138832,"text":"70138832 - 2014 - Estimating true instead of apparent survival using spatial Cormack-Jolly-Seber models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-23T09:51:16","indexId":"70138832","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating true instead of apparent survival using spatial Cormack-Jolly-Seber models","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) is responsible for protecting and managing the natural resources and heritage on almost 20% of the land in the United States. The DOI’s mission requires access to remotely sensed data over vast lands, including areas that are remote and potentially dangerous to access. Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) technology has the potential to enable the DOI to be a better steward of the land by: (1) Improving natural hazard forecasting and the analysis of the impacts. (2) Improving the understanding of climate change to better plan for likely impacts. (3) Developing precipitation and evaporation forecasting to better manage water resources. (4) Monitoring Arctic ice change and its impacts on ecosystems, coasts, and transportation. (5) Increasing safety and effectiveness of wildland fire management. (6) Enhancing search and rescue capabilities. (7) Broadening the abilities to monitor environmental or landscape conditions and changes. (8) Better understanding and protecting the Nation’s ecosystems. The initial operational testing and evaluations performed by the DOI have proven that UAS technology can be used to support many of the Department’s activities. UAS technology provides scientists a way to look longer, closer and more frequently at some of Earth’s most remote areas—places that were previously too dangerous or expensive to monitor in detail. The flexibility of operations and relative low cost to purchase and operate Small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) enhances the ability to track long-term landscape and environmental change. The initial testing indicates the operational costs are approximately 10% of traditional manned aircraft. In addition, users can quickly assess landscape-altering events such as wildland fires, floods and volcanoes. UAS technology will allow the DOI to do more with less and in the process enhance the Department’s ability to provide unbiased scientific information to help stakeholders make informed decisions. It will also provide a digital baseline record that can be archived and used when monitoring future events or conditions. One possible future scenario has scientists carrying sUAS into the field allowing quick deployment and operation to observe the environment or for emergency response. This scenario could also include a persistent monitoring capability provided by a UAS that can stay airborne over a small geographic area for days or weeks, or possibly longer. While the DOI focus is on sUAS, the Department recognizes that larger UAS systems will also play a role in meeting its mission. The Department anticipates meeting long-duration or specialized acquisition commitments, such as state or national aerial photography, by collaboration with other agencies or through commercial contracts. Even though the DOI continues to evaluate UAS and sensor technology to meet the Department’s mission, some of its bureaus are already moving towards an operational capability. The authors fully anticipate that by 2020 UAS will emerge as one of the primary platforms for DOI remote sensing applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Quirk, B.K., and Hutt, M.E., 2014, Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) activities at the Department of the Interior: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 80, no. 12, p. 1089-1095.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1089","endPage":"1095","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057845","costCenters":[{"id":498,"text":"Office of Land Remote Sensing (Geography)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780cec1e4b08116168223f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quirk, Bruce K. quirk@usgs.gov","contributorId":4285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quirk","given":"Bruce","email":"quirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":519471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutt, Michael E. 0000-0002-3869-6096 mehutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3869-6096","contributorId":5037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"Michael","email":"mehutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":641982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70140708,"text":"70140708 - 2014 - Characterizing riverbed sediment using high-frequency acoustics 1: spectral properties of scattering","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-12T11:13:12","indexId":"70140708","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing riverbed sediment using high-frequency acoustics 1: spectral properties of scattering","docAbstract":"Bed-sediment classification using high-frequency hydro-acoustic instruments is challenging when sediments are spatially heterogeneous, which is often the case in rivers. The use of acoustic backscatter to classify sediments is an attractive alternative to analysis of topography because it is potentially sensitive to grain-scale roughness. Here, a new method is presented which uses high-frequency acoustic backscatter from multibeam sonar to classify heterogeneous riverbed sediments by type (sand, gravel,rock) continuously in space and at small spatial resolution. In this, the first of a pair of papers that examine the scattering signatures from a heterogeneous riverbed, methods are presented to construct spatially explicit maps of spectral properties from geo-referenced point clouds of geometrically and radiometrically corrected echoes. Backscatter power spectra are computed to produce scale and amplitude metrics that collectively characterize the length scales of stochastic measures of riverbed scattering, termed ‘stochastic geometries’. Backscatter aggregated over small spatial scales have spectra that obey a power-law. This apparently self-affine behavior could instead arise from morphological- and grain-scale roughnesses over multiple overlapping scales, or riverbed scattering being transitional between Rayleigh and geometric regimes. Relationships exist between stochastic geometries of backscatter and areas of rough and smooth sediments. However, no one parameter can uniquely characterize a particular substrate, nor definitively separate the relative contributions of roughness and acoustic impedance (hardness). Combinations of spectral quantities do, however, have the potential to delineate riverbed sediment patchiness, in a data-driven approach comparing backscatter with bed-sediment observations (which is the subject of part two of this manuscript).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JF003189","usgsCitation":"Buscombe, D.D., Grams, P.E., and Kaplinski, M.A., 2014, Characterizing riverbed sediment using high-frequency acoustics 1: spectral properties of scattering: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 119, no. 12, p. 2674-2691, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JF003189.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2674","endPage":"2691","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056183","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jf003189","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a5de4b08de9379b3010","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buscombe, Daniel D. 0000-0001-6217-5584 dbuscombe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-5584","contributorId":5020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buscombe","given":"Daniel","email":"dbuscombe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaplinski, Matthew A.","contributorId":139210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaplinski","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196600,"text":"70196600 - 2014 - Layered hydrothermal barite-sulfide mound field, East Diamante Caldera, Mariana volcanic arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-27T15:58:46","indexId":"70196600","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Layered hydrothermal barite-sulfide mound field, East Diamante Caldera, Mariana volcanic arc","docAbstract":"East Diamante is a submarine volcano in the southern Mariana arc that is host to a complex caldera ~5 × 10 km (elongated ENE-WSW) that is breached along its northern and southwestern sectors. A large field of barite-sulfide mounds was discovered in June 2009 and revisited in July 2010 with the R/V Natsushima, using the ROV Hyper-Dolphin. The mound field occurs on the northeast flank of a cluster of resurgent dacite domes in the central caldera, near an active black smoker vent field. A 40Ar/39Ar age of 20,000 ± 4000 years was obtained from a dacite sample. The mound field is aligned along a series of fractures and extends for more than 180 m east-west and >120 m north-south. Individual mounds are typically 1 to 3 m tall and 0.5 to 2 m wide, with lengths from about 3 to 8 m. The mounds are dominated by barite + sphalerite layers with the margins of each layer composed of barite with disseminated sulfides. Rare, inactive spires and chimneys sit atop some mounds and also occur as clusters away from the mounds. Iron and Mn oxides are currently forming small (<1-m diam, ~0.5-m tall) knolls on the top surface of some of the barite-sulfide mounds and may also drape their flanks. Both diffusely and focused fluids emanate from the small oxide knolls. Radiometric ages of the layered barite-sulfide mounds and chimneys vary from ~3,920 to 3,350 years. One layer, from an outcrop of 10- to 100-cm-thick Cu-rich layers, is notably younger with an age of 2,180 years. The Fe-Mn oxides were <5 years old at the time of collection in 2009.
Most mound, chimney, and layered outcrop samples are dominated by barite, silica, and sphalerite; other sulfides, in decreasing order of abundance, are galena, chalcopyrite, and rare pyrite. Anglesite, cerussite, and unidentified Pb oxychloride and Pb phosphate minerals occur as late-stage interstitial phases. The samples contain high Zn (up to 23 wt %), Pb (to 16 wt %), Ag (to 487 ppm), and Au (to 19 ppm) contents. Some layered outcrop samples are dominated by chalcopyrite resulting in ≤4.78 wt % Cu in a bulk sample (28 wt % for a single lens), with a mean of 0.28 wt % for other samples. Other significant metal enrichments are Sb (to 1,320 ppm), Cd (to 1,150 ppm), and Hg (to 55 ppm).
The East Diamante mound field has a unique set of characteristics compared to other hydrothermal sites in the Mariana arc and elsewhere. The geochemical differences may predominantly reflect the distribution of fractures and faults and consequently the rock/water ratio, temperature of the fluid in the upper parts of the circulation system, and extensive and prolonged mixing with seawater. The location of mineralization is controlled by fractures. Following resurgent doming within the caldera, mineralization resulted from focused flow along small segments of linear fractures rather than from a point source, typical of hydrothermal chimney fields. Based on the mineral assemblage, the maximum fluid temperatures were ~260°C, near the boiling point for the water depths of the mound field (367–406 m). Lateral fluid flow within the mounds precipitated interstitial sphalerite, silica, and Pb minerals within a network of barite with disseminated sulfides; silica was the final phase to precipitate. The current low-temperature precipitation of Fe and Mn oxides and silica may represent rejuvenation of the system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.109.8.2179","usgsCitation":"Hein, J.R., de Ronde, C.E., Koski, R.A., Ditchburn, R.G., Mizell, K., Tamura, Y., Stern, R.J., Conrad, T., Ishizuka, O., and Leybourne, M.I., 2014, Layered hydrothermal barite-sulfide mound field, East Diamante Caldera, Mariana volcanic arc: Economic Geology, v. 109, no. 8, p. 2179-2206, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.109.8.2179.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"2179","endPage":"2206","ipdsId":"IP-049293","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353613,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeed73e4b0da30c1bfc708","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hein, James R. 0000-0002-5321-899X jhein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":2828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"James","email":"jhein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":733756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"de Ronde, Cornel E. J.","contributorId":98109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Ronde","given":"Cornel","email":"","middleInitial":"E. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koski, Randolph A. rkoski@usgs.gov","contributorId":2949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"Randolph","email":"rkoski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":733758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ditchburn, Robert G.","contributorId":204359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ditchburn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mizell, Kira 0000-0002-5066-787X kmizell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5066-787X","contributorId":4914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mizell","given":"Kira","email":"kmizell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":733760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tamura, Yoshihiko","contributorId":204360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tamura","given":"Yoshihiko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stern, Robert J.","contributorId":204361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stern","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Conrad, Tracey tconrad@usgs.gov","contributorId":5021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrad","given":"Tracey","email":"tconrad@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":733763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ishizuka, Osamu","contributorId":204362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ishizuka","given":"Osamu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Leybourne, Matthew I.","contributorId":204363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leybourne","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":733765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70187401,"text":"70187401 - 2014 - On the effects of scale for ecosystem services mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T15:56:58","indexId":"70187401","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the effects of scale for ecosystem services mapping","docAbstract":"Ecosystems provide life-sustaining services upon which human civilization depends, but their degradation largely continues unabated. Spatially explicit information on ecosystem services (ES) provision is required to better guide decision making, particularly for mountain systems, which are characterized by vertical gradients and isolation with high topographic complexity, making them particularly sensitive to global change. But while spatially explicit ES quantification and valuation allows the identification of areas of abundant or limited supply of and demand for ES, the accuracy and usefulness of the information varies considerably depending on the scale and methods used. Using four case studies from mountainous regions in Europe and the U.S., we quantify information gains and losses when mapping five ES - carbon sequestration, flood regulation, agricultural production, timber harvest, and scenic beauty - at coarse and fine resolution (250 m vs. 25 m in Europe and 300 m vs. 30 m in the U.S.). We analyze the effects of scale on ES estimates and their spatial pattern and show how these effects are related to different ES, terrain structure and model properties. ES estimates differ substantially between the fine and coarse resolution analyses in all case studies and across all services. This scale effect is not equally strong for all ES. We show that spatially explicit information about non-clustered, isolated ES tends to be lost at coarse resolution and against expectation, mainly in less rugged terrain, which calls for finer resolution assessments in such contexts. The effect of terrain ruggedness is also related to model properties such as dependency on land use-land cover data. We close with recommendations for mapping ES to make the resulting maps more comparable, and suggest a four-step approach to address the issue of scale when mapping ES that can deliver information to support ES-based decision making with greater accuracy and reliability.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0112601","usgsCitation":"Gret-Regamey, A., Weibel, B., Bagstad, K.J., Ferrari, M., Geneletti, D., Klug, H., Schirpke, U., and Tappeiner, U., 2014, On the effects of scale for ecosystem services mapping: PLoS ONE, v. 9, no. 12, e112601; 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112601.","productDescription":"e112601; 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-056762","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112601","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340707,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ce4b0fc4e448ffd66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gret-Regamey, Adrienne","contributorId":191685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gret-Regamey","given":"Adrienne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weibel, Bettina","contributorId":108378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weibel","given":"Bettina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferrari, Marika","contributorId":191686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrari","given":"Marika","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geneletti, Davide","contributorId":191687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geneletti","given":"Davide","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Klug, Hermann","contributorId":189515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klug","given":"Hermann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schirpke, Uta","contributorId":191688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schirpke","given":"Uta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tappeiner, Ulrike","contributorId":191689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tappeiner","given":"Ulrike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70176408,"text":"70176408 - 2014 - Comparison of the physical and geotechnical properties of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments from offshore India and other gas-hydrate-reservoir systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-13T09:18:07","indexId":"70176408","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2382,"text":"Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of the physical and geotechnical properties of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments from offshore India and other gas-hydrate-reservoir systems","docAbstract":"The sediment characteristics of hydrate-bearing reservoirs profoundly affect the formation, distribution, and morphology of gas hydrate. The presence and type of gas, porewater chemistry, fluid migration, and subbottom temperature may govern the hydrate formation process, but it is the host sediment that commonly dictates final hydrate habit, and whether hydrate may be economically developed.
In this paper, the physical properties of hydrate-bearing regions offshore eastern India (Krishna-Godavari and Mahanadi Basins) and the Andaman Islands, determined from Expedition NGHP-01 cores, are compared to each other, well logs, and published results of other hydrate reservoirs. Properties from the hydrate-free Kerala-Konkan basin off the west coast of India are also presented. Coarser-grained reservoirs (permafrost-related and marine) may contain high gas-hydrate-pore saturations, while finer-grained reservoirs may contain low-saturation disseminated or more complex gas-hydrates, including nodules, layers, and high-angle planar and rotational veins. However, even in these fine-grained sediments, gas hydrate preferentially forms in coarser sediment or fractures, when present. The presence of hydrate in conjunction with other geologic processes may be responsible for sediment porosity being nearly uniform for almost 500 m off the Andaman Islands.
Properties of individual NGHP-01 wells and regional trends are discussed in detail. However, comparison of marine and permafrost-related Arctic reservoirs provides insight into the inter-relationships and common traits between physical properties and the morphology of gas-hydrate reservoirs regardless of location. Extrapolation of properties from one location to another also enhances our understanding of gas-hydrate reservoir systems. Grain size and porosity effects on permeability are critical, both locally to trap gas and regionally to provide fluid flow to hydrate reservoirs. Index properties corroborate more advanced consolidation and triaxial strength test results and can be used for predicting behavior in other NGHP-01 regions. Pseudo-overconsolidation is present near the seafloor and is underlain by underconsolidation at depth at some NGHP-01 locations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.024","usgsCitation":"Winters, W.J., Wilcox-Cline, R., Long, P., Dewri, S., Kumar, P., Stern, L.A., and Kerr, L.A., 2014, Comparison of the physical and geotechnical properties of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments from offshore India and other gas-hydrate-reservoir systems: Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 58, no. A, p. 139-167, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.024.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"167","ipdsId":"IP-057504","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.07.024","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 65,\n 5\n ],\n [\n 65,\n 20\n ],\n [\n 100,\n 20\n ],\n [\n 100,\n 5\n ],\n [\n 65,\n 5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d92332e4b090824ffa1a40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winters, William J. bwinters@usgs.gov","contributorId":522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"William","email":"bwinters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilcox-Cline, R.W.","contributorId":174579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcox-Cline","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":100,"text":"AASG National Geologic Map Database Project","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, P.","contributorId":8628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dewri, S.K.","contributorId":174580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dewri","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27472,"text":"Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd., ONGC Complex, Phase 2, Panvel – 410 221, Navi-Mumbai, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kumar, P.","contributorId":45476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stern, Laura A. 0000-0003-3440-5674 lstern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-5674","contributorId":1197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"Laura","email":"lstern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kerr, Laura A.","contributorId":42241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerr","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70137547,"text":"70137547 - 2014 - Metrics for comparing dynamic earthquake rupture simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T14:52:25","indexId":"70137547","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metrics for comparing dynamic earthquake rupture simulations","docAbstract":"Earthquakes are complex events that involve a myriad of interactions among multiple geologic features and processes. One of the tools that is available to assist with their study is computer simulation, particularly dynamic rupture simulation. A dynamic rupture simulation is a numerical model of the physical processes that occur during an earthquake. Starting with the fault geometry, friction constitutive law, initial stress conditions, and assumptions about the condition and response of the near‐fault rocks, a dynamic earthquake rupture simulation calculates the evolution of fault slip and stress over time as part of the elastodynamic numerical solution (Ⓔ see the simulation description in the electronic supplement to this article). The complexity of the computations in a dynamic rupture simulation make it challenging to verify that the computer code is operating as intended, because there are no exact analytic solutions against which these codes’ results can be directly compared. One approach for checking if dynamic rupture computer codes are working satisfactorily is to compare each code’s results with the results of other dynamic rupture codes running the same earthquake simulation benchmark. To perform such a comparison consistently, it is necessary to have quantitative metrics. In this paper, we present a new method for quantitatively comparing the results of dynamic earthquake rupture computer simulation codes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220140122","usgsCitation":"Barall, M., and Harris, R.A., 2014, Metrics for comparing dynamic earthquake rupture simulations: Seismological Research Letters, v. 86, no. 1, p. 223-235, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140122.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058501","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297113,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a97e4b08de9379b3122","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barall, Michael mbarall@usgs.gov","contributorId":2595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barall","given":"Michael","email":"mbarall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Ruth A. 0000-0002-9247-0768 harris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-0768","contributorId":786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Ruth","email":"harris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174135,"text":"70174135 - 2014 - Blue Growth: the 2014 FAO State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T14:40:45","indexId":"70174135","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blue Growth: the 2014 FAO State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture","docAbstract":"The latest United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization report (FAO 2014) addresses the prospect of feeding a human population set to rise to 9.6 billion by 2050. Aquaculture products now provide approximately one-half of all food fish consumed, and fish also provide important food security and economic growth. In the FAO analyses, food fish included finfish, crustaceans, mollusks, amphibians, freshwater turtles, and other aquatic animals (such as sea cucumbers, sea urchins, sea squirts, and edible jellyfish) produced for human consumption. At the present time, food fish provides the world population of nearly 7.3 billion people with an average of one-fifth of total animal protein intake.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2014.966265","usgsCitation":"Moffitt, C.M., and Cajas-Cano, L., 2014, Blue Growth: the 2014 FAO State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture: Fisheries, v. 39, no. 11, p. 552-553, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2014.966265.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"552","endPage":"553","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2014-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-059659","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fade4b07657d1a90c9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moffitt, Christine M. 0000-0001-6020-9728 cmoffitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6020-9728","contributorId":2583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffitt","given":"Christine","email":"cmoffitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cajas-Cano, Lubia","contributorId":172513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cajas-Cano","given":"Lubia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}