{"pageNumber":"1450","pageRowStart":"36225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40845,"records":[{"id":70015251,"text":"70015251 - 1987 - Analysis of an anisotropic coastal aquifer system using variable-density flow and solute transport simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T15:28:33.2156","indexId":"70015251","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of an anisotropic coastal aquifer system using variable-density flow and solute transport simulation","docAbstract":"

The groundwater system in southern Oahu, Hawaii consists of a thick, areally extensive freshwater lens overlying a zone of transition to a thick saltwater body. This system is analyzed in cross section with a variable-density groundwater flow and solute transport model on a regional scale. The simulation is difficult, because the coastal aquifer system has a saltwater transition zone that is broadly dispersed near the discharge area, but is very sharply defined inland. Steady-state simulation analysis of the transition zone in the layered basalt aquifer of southern Oahu indicates that a small transverse dispersivity is characteristic of horizontal regional flow. Further, in this system flow is generally parallel to isochlors and steady-state behavior is insensitive to the longitudinal dispersivity. Parameter analysis identifies that only six parameters control the complex hydraulics of the system: horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of the basalt aquifer; hydraulic conductivity of the confining \"caprock\" layer; leakance below the caprock; specific yield; and aquifer matrix compressibility. The best-fitting models indicate the horizontal hydraulic conductivity is significantly greater than the vertical hydraulic conductivity. These models give values for specific yield and aquifer compressibility which imply a considerable degree of compressive storage in the water table aquifer. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(87)90087-4","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Souza, W.R., and Voss, C., 1987, Analysis of an anisotropic coastal aquifer system using variable-density flow and solute transport simulation: Journal of Hydrology, v. 92, no. 1-2, p. 17-41, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(87)90087-4.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"41","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223593,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Oahu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.19265890021177,\n 21.483771368447663\n ],\n [\n -158.19265890021177,\n 21.263781938220575\n ],\n [\n -157.78785453824213,\n 21.263781938220575\n ],\n [\n -157.78785453824213,\n 21.483771368447663\n ],\n [\n -158.19265890021177,\n 21.483771368447663\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb05e4b0c8380cd48b6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Souza, W. R.","contributorId":102114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Souza","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voss, C.I.","contributorId":79515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"C.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":33521,"text":"b1639 - 1987 - The Morgan Hill, California, earthquake of April 24, 1984","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7352,"text":"ofr84498A - 1984 - The Morgan Hill, California earthquake of April 24, 1984; a preliminary report; Volume I","indexId":"ofr84498A","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"The Morgan Hill, California earthquake of April 24, 1984; a preliminary report; Volume I"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":33521,"text":"b1639 - 1987 - The Morgan Hill, California, earthquake of April 24, 1984","indexId":"b1639","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"The Morgan Hill, California, earthquake of April 24, 1984"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":17400,"text":"ofr84498B - 1984 - The Morgan Hill, California earthquake of April 24, 1984; a preliminary report; Volume II","indexId":"ofr84498B","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"The Morgan Hill, California earthquake of April 24, 1984; a preliminary report; Volume II"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":33521,"text":"b1639 - 1987 - The Morgan Hill, California, earthquake of April 24, 1984","indexId":"b1639","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"The Morgan Hill, California, earthquake of April 24, 1984"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-01T19:13:22","indexId":"b1639","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1639","title":"The Morgan Hill, California, earthquake of April 24, 1984","docAbstract":"The\nMorgan\nHill\nearthquake,\na\nmoderate-size\n(M_g=6.1,\nML\n=6.2,\nM=6.2)\nevent,\nwas\nfelt\nthroughout\ncentral\nCalifornia\non\nApril\n24,\n1984.\nThe\nepicenter\nof\nthe\nearthquake\nwas\nlocated\nnear\nHalls\nValley\nsouthwest\nof\nMount\nHamilton,\nand\nthe\nevent\nis\npresumed\nto\nhave\noccurred\non\nthe\nCalaveras\nfault.\nDamage,\nhowever,\nwas\nconcentrated\nnear\nthe\nsouth\nend\nof\nthe\nAnderson\nReservoir\nand\nin\nthe\ntown\nof\nMorgan\nHill.\nA\npreliminary\nassessment\nby\nthe\nCalifornia\nOffice\nof\nEmergency\nServices\nestimated\ndamage\nto\nprivate\nproperty\nat\n$7.0\nmillion\nand\nto\nlocal-government\nfacilities\nat\n$0.5\nmillion,\nfor\na\ntotal\nof\n$7.5\nmillion\nin\ndamage.\nAcknowledgments.--!\nappreciate\nthe\nhelpful\nsuggestions\nof\nJoseph\nI.\nZiony\nand\nRobert\nD.\nBrown,\nJr.\nThese\nstudies\nwere\naided\nby\nthe\ngenerous\ncooperation\nof\nthe\nmany\nlandowners\nwho\npermitted\naccess\nto\ntheir\nproperties.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/b1639","usgsCitation":"1987, The Morgan Hill, California, earthquake of April 24, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1639, Report: iii, 256 p.; Plate: 31.50 inches x 36.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1639.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 256 p.; Plate: 31.50 inches x 36.50 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":61423,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1639/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":61424,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1639/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":166599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1639/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Morgan Hill","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.75,37.25 ], [ -121.75,37.375 ], [ -121.625,37.375 ], [ -121.625,37.25 ], [ -121.75,37.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b395","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hoose, Seena N.","contributorId":21867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoose","given":"Seena N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747035,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26174,"text":"wri854082 - 1987 - Effect of reduced industrial pumpage on the migration of dissolved nitrogen in an outwash aquifer at Olean, Cattaraugus County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri854082","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4082","title":"Effect of reduced industrial pumpage on the migration of dissolved nitrogen in an outwash aquifer at Olean, Cattaraugus County, New York","docAbstract":"A quasi-three-dimensional digital groundwater flow model of a shallow outwash aquifer system at Olean, New York, was developed to study the effects of several pumping alternatives on groundwater flow and stream seepage. Nitrogen compounds have contaminated the aquifer in an industrial park in North Olean. Pumping from seven industrial production wells and a purge well has created a cone of depression within which all nitrogen compounds are contained, thus preventing their migration to nearby private, municipal, and industrial-supply wells. A simulated total shutdown of an industrial well field and the purge well indicates that groundwater flowing laterally southward to southwestward from the area of contamination would require about 5 yr to reach a municipal well field along the Allegheny River. Simulation of a partial shutdown with only three main production wells and the purge well or just the three production wells indicate that all nitrogen-bearing groundwater would be captured. Pumping from only the purge well would allow contaminated groundwater along the southwestern edge of the site to escape and, in 8 to 9 yr, reach the municipal well field. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854082","usgsCitation":"Bergeron, M.P., 1987, Effect of reduced industrial pumpage on the migration of dissolved nitrogen in an outwash aquifer at Olean, Cattaraugus County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4082, vi, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854082.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110167,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36255.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"36255"},{"id":119085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54961,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54962,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54963,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54964,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54965,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54966,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54967,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54968,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54969,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54970,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54971,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54972,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54973,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54974,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54975,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625386","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergeron, M. P.","contributorId":42969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergeron","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26191,"text":"wri874079 - 1987 - Water-quality assessment of Peruque Creek, St Charles County, Missouri, July 1983 and July 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T18:57:03.484526","indexId":"wri874079","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4079","title":"Water-quality assessment of Peruque Creek, St Charles County, Missouri, July 1983 and July 1984","docAbstract":"

Physical, chemical, and biological data collected along the downstream 24.1-river-mi reach of Peruque Creek, Missouri, on July 18-19, 1983 and July 9-10, 1984, were used to characterize the water quality conditions in the creek. Wastewater discharges into the creek at the Lake St. Louis sewage-disposal ponds and at the O'Fallon wastewater-treatment facility. The effluent from the sewage disposal ponds did not have a substantial effect on downstream water quality but that from the wastewater treatment facility caused the Missouri un-ionized ammonia standard of 0.1 mg/l as nitrogen to be exceeded downstream from the outflow. Discharge from the O'Fallon facility also caused all dissolved-oxygen concentrations measured downstream from the outflow to be less than the Missouri dissolved-oxygen standard of 5.0 mg/L. Attempts were made to calibrate and verify the QUAL-II/SEMCOG version water quality model. The model could not be adequately calibrated or verified, because of the non-uniform hydraulic conditions in Peruque Creek, which is characterized by slow velocities; long, deep pools; and inadequate mixing characteristics; and also the non-uniform quantity and quality of effluent discharged from the O'Fallon wastewater treatment facility. Thus, the assumptions of one-dimensional flow and steady-state conditions necessary for the model were not valid. The attempt to calibrate and verify the model indicated that during low-flow conditions the waste-load assimilative capacity of the downstream 17.9 river miles of Peruque Creek was limited.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874079","usgsCitation":"Berkas, W., 1987, Water-quality assessment of Peruque Creek, St Charles County, Missouri, July 1983 and July 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4079, vi, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874079.","productDescription":"vi, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407985,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46753.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54988,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4079/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4079/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"St. Charles County","otherGeospatial":"Perugue Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.8333,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -90.6333,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -90.6333,\n 38.8833\n ],\n [\n -90.8333,\n 38.8833\n ],\n [\n -90.8333,\n 38.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db5454cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berkas, W.R.","contributorId":59808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28649,"text":"wri844158 - 1987 - Simulated flood discharges and elevations for the Savannah River, South Carolina and Georgia, using an unsteady streamflow model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T09:57:11","indexId":"wri844158","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4158","title":"Simulated flood discharges and elevations for the Savannah River, South Carolina and Georgia, using an unsteady streamflow model","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844158","usgsCitation":"McDonald, B., and Sanders, C., 1987, Simulated flood discharges and elevations for the Savannah River, South Carolina and Georgia, using an unsteady streamflow model: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4158, 34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844158.","productDescription":"34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4158/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57492,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4158/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Savannah River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {\n \"stroke\": \"#555555\",\n \"stroke-width\": 2,\n \"stroke-opacity\": 1,\n \"fill\": \"#555555\",\n \"fill-opacity\": 0.5\n },\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.133544921875,\n 34.1890858311724\n ],\n [\n -82.7984619140625,\n 34.347971491244955\n ],\n [\n -82.50732421875,\n 34.39331222316112\n ],\n [\n -80.9857177734375,\n 32.54218257955074\n ],\n [\n -81.617431640625,\n 32.21280106801518\n ],\n [\n -83.133544921875,\n 34.1890858311724\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f3316","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, B.B.","contributorId":44551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanders, C.L.","contributorId":41001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28384,"text":"wri874104 - 1987 - Comparison of conceptually based and regression rainfall-runoff models, Denver Metropolitan area, Colorado, and potential applications in urban areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri874104","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4104","title":"Comparison of conceptually based and regression rainfall-runoff models, Denver Metropolitan area, Colorado, and potential applications in urban areas","docAbstract":"Multievent, conceptually based models and a single-event, multiple linear-regression model for estimating storm-runoff quantity and quality from urban areas were calibrated and verified for four small (57 to 167 acres) basins in the Denver metropolitan area, Colorado. The basins represented different land-use types - light commercial, single-family housing, and multi-family housing. Both types of models were calibrated using the same data set for each basin. A comparison was made between the storm-runoff volume, peak flow, and storm-runoff loads of seven water quality constituents simulated by each of the models by use of identical verification data sets. The models studied were the U.S. Geological Survey 's Distributed Routing Rainfall-Runoff Model-Version II (DR3M-II) (a runoff-quantity model designed for urban areas), and a multievent urban runoff quality model (DR3M-QUAL). Water quality constituents modeled were chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total lead, total manganese, and total zinc. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874104","usgsCitation":"Lindner-Lunsford, J.B., and Ellis, S.R., 1987, Comparison of conceptually based and regression rainfall-runoff models, Denver Metropolitan area, Colorado, and potential applications in urban areas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4104, iv, 39 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874104.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122821,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4104/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57186,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4104/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae375","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindner-Lunsford, J. B.","contributorId":81938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindner-Lunsford","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, S. R.","contributorId":103278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30448,"text":"wri874241 - 1987 - Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T23:01:45.657781","indexId":"wri874241","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4241","title":"Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota","docAbstract":"

As part of the Souris River water-quality assessment, traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration measurements were made during September 1983 on segments of the 186-mile reach of the Sour is River from Lake Darling Dam to the J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge. The primary objective was to determine traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration coefficients during low flow. Streamflow in the reach ranged from 10.5 to 47.0 cubic feet per second during the measurement period.

On the basis of channel and hydraulic characteristics, the 186-mile reach was subdivided into five subreaches that ranged from 18 to 55 river miles in length. Within each subreach, representative test reaches that ranged from 5.0 to 9.1 river miles in length were selected for tracer injection and sample collection. Standard fluorometric techniques were used to measure traveltime and longitudinal dispersion, and a modified tracer technique that used ethylene and propane gas was used to measure reaeration. Mean test-reach velocities ranged from 0.05 to 0.30 foot per second, longitudinal-dispersion coefficients ranged from 4.2 to 61 square feet per second, and reaeration coefficients based on propane ranged from 0.39 to 1.66 per day.

Predictive reaeration coefficients obtained from 18 equations (8 semiempirical and 10 empirical) were compared with each measured reaeration coefficient by use of an error-of-estimate analysis. The predictive reaeration coefficients ranged from 0.0008 to 3.4 per day. A semiempirical equation that produced coefficients most similar to the measured coefficients had the smallest absolute error of estimate (0.35). The smallest absolute error of estimate for the empirical equations was 0.41.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874241","usgsCitation":"Wesolowski, E.A., and Nelson, R.A., 1987, Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4241, ix, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874241.","productDescription":"ix, 66 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411539,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46893.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59231,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4241/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119549,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4241/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Darling Dam, Souris River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.0667,\n 50.525\n ],\n [\n -104.5903,\n 50.525\n ],\n [\n -104.5903,\n 47.7542\n ],\n [\n -99.0667,\n 47.7542\n ],\n [\n -99.0667,\n 50.525\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6487dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wesolowski, E. A.","contributorId":46127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesolowski","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, R. A.","contributorId":96727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":35167,"text":"b1780 - 1987 - Petrology and sedimentology of the Horlick Formation (Lower Devonian), Ohio Range, Transantarctic Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T14:55:17","indexId":"b1780","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1780","title":"Petrology and sedimentology of the Horlick Formation (Lower Devonian), Ohio Range, Transantarctic Mountains","docAbstract":"

The Horlick Formation of Early Devonian age is as thick as 50 m and consists of subhorizontal, interbedded subarkosic sandstone and chloritic shale and mudstone. The Horlick overlies an erosion surface cut into Ordovician granitic rocks and is, in turn, overlain by Carboniferous and Permian glacial and periglacial deposits. Textures, sedimentary structures, and ubiquitous marine body fossils and animal traces suggest that the Horlick was deposited on a shallow shelf having moderate wave energy and a moderate tidal range. The source terrane probably lay to the north, and longshore transport was toward the west.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1780","usgsCitation":"McCartan, L., and Bradshaw, M.A., 1987, Petrology and sedimentology of the Horlick Formation (Lower Devonian), Ohio Range, Transantarctic Mountains: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1780, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1780.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1780/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":340341,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1780/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica, Ohio Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 114.5,\n -85\n ],\n [\n 117,\n -85\n ],\n [\n 117,\n -84.5\n ],\n [\n 114.5,\n -84.5\n ],\n [\n 114.5,\n -85\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687d43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCartan, Lucy","contributorId":87960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCartan","given":"Lucy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":214189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradshaw, Margaret A.","contributorId":84426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradshaw","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":214188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30434,"text":"wri874004 - 1987 - Effects of runoff controls on the quantity and quality of urban runoff at two locations in Austin, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T11:41:39","indexId":"wri874004","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4004","title":"Effects of runoff controls on the quantity and quality of urban runoff at two locations in Austin, Texas","docAbstract":"

Rapid urban development in the Austin metropolitan area, Texas, is causing concern about increasing peak discharges from storm runoff and the degradation of the quality of water in receiving streams, lakes, and aquifers. In an attempt to decrease peak discharges and improve water quality, runoff controls are being required in some watersheds. This report summarizes the precipitation, streamflow, and water-quality data collected from September 1982 to September 1984 upstream and downstream from runoff controls at two locations, and presents the effects of these runoff controls on streamflow and the quality of runoff water. The two controls are a detention and filtering pond near Barton Creek Square Shopping Center, a large shopping center southwest of downtown Austin, and a grass-swale control in the Al ta Vista Planned Unit Development, a multipie-family housing area.

\n

At Barton Creek Square Shopping Center, rainfall for the storms analyzed ranged from 0.14 to 2.88 inches. The rainfall rate for the September 7, 1983, storm exceeded the 100-year return period for the 5- and 10-minute duration and was equal to the 50-year return period for the 15-minute duration. Peak discharge at the inflow station to the detention pond was closely related to the maximum rainfall during a 5-minute period and occurred about 10 minutes later. The maximum inflow at this station was 185 cubic feet per second and appeared to be the limit of the storm sewer system. For small- and moderate-sized storms, the runoff is contained in the detention pond and passes through a filter system. Runoff from large storms overflows into the drop outlet. For storms contained in the pond, peak discharges at the outflow station generally were less than 3.1 cubic feet per second. As time passed, the outflow peak discharges tended to decrease as a result of reduced permeability of the filter. Cleaning the filter appeared to increase the peak flows but did not restore them to the previous level. The runoff-rainfall ratio averaged 0.85 at the inflow station and 0.36 at the outflow station. A water budget shows unexplained losses to average 20 percent.

\n

At the Barton Creek Square Shopping Center, discharge-weighted densities of fecal-col iform and fecal-streptococci bacteria and discharge-weighted concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, suspended solids, total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, and total phosphorus generally were larger in the inflow than in the outflow. Discharge-weighted concentrations of dissolved lead, dissolved iron, and dissolved zinc generally were small in both the inflow and outflow; however, the larger discharge-weighted concentrations of these constituents generally were found in the inflow. Discharge-weighted concentrations of volatile dissolved solids were smaller in the inflow than in the outflow for 10 of the 22 storms analyzed. Discharge-weighted concentrations of total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen and dissolved solids generally were much smaller in the inflow than in the outflow. It is likely that organic and ammonia nitrogen trapped in the pond from previous storms and in the inflow water as it flows through the pond is being oxidized to nitrite and nitrate nitrogen. Similarly, dissolved solids retained in the filter or on the bed of the pond from previous storms are being leached to the outflow.

\n

Measured peak concentrations or densities of most constituents in the inflow were significantly larger than those in the outflow for most constituents. An exception was noted for concentrations of total nitrite plus nitrate which were larger in the outflow than the inflow as indicated by discrete sample analysis for six storms.

\n

Loads of most constituents and total numbers of bacteria were significantly larger in the inflow than in the outflow. The total numbers of bacteria were reduced by approximately 80 percent. Average removal efficiencies for suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, and dissolved zinc ranged between 60 and 80 percent. The average loads of dissolved solids were approximately 13 percent larger in the outflow than the inflow. Average loads of total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen were approximately 110 percent larger in the outflow than in the inflow. The increase in loads of these constituents is due to material being leached from the bed of the pond or from the filter system.

\n

At Al ta Vista, rainfall for the storms analyzed ranged from 0.25 to 2.00 inches. The maximum rainfall intensity was 0.30 inch for a 5-minute interval. The runoff-rainfall ratio averaged 0.42 and appeared to be evenly distributed about the mean ratio line. The peak discharge at the inflow station to the grass-covered swale area was 0.93 cubic foot per second. Inaccuracies of discharge at the outflow station and variations in the ungaged drainage area with the size of the storm prevented a hydrologic analysis of the basin above this station.

\n

Discharge-weighted concentrations of total phosphorus were larger in the outflow than in the inflow for each of the 19 storms analyzed. Discharge-weighted concentrations of dissolved solids, volatile dissolved solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon were larger in the outflow than in the inflow for at least 12 of the 19 storms analyzed. Discharge-weighted densities of fecal streptococci were decreased between the inflow and outflow, with discharge-weighted densities of fecal streptococci being less in the outflow for 15 of the 19 storms analyzed. Because of the relatively small variations in concentrations and densities of constituents between the inflow and outflow sites, and because of the errors in discharge at the outflow gage, it is not feasible to determine the effect of the grass-covered swales on discharge-weighted concentrations and densities of water-quality constituents.

\n

Discrete concentrations or densities of most constituents were not decreased. Peak concentrations of dissolved solids in the outflow exceeded peak concentrations in the inflow for all five of the storms analyzed with discrete samples. Peak concentrations of suspended solids, total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, and dissolved iron were larger in the outflow than in the inflow for four of the five storms analyzed. Load-removal efficiencies of water-quality constituents could not be determined because of inaccuracies in measuring discharge at the outflow site,

\n

 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri874004","usgsCitation":"Welborn, C.T., and Veenhuis, J.E., 1987, Effects of runoff controls on the quantity and quality of urban runoff at two locations in Austin, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4004, ix, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874004.","productDescription":"ix, 101 p.","numberOfPages":"111","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4004/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59212,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4004/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Austin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.8607177734375,\n 30.205080822715594\n ],\n [\n -97.8607177734375,\n 30.42144037217422\n ],\n [\n -97.63961791992188,\n 30.42144037217422\n ],\n [\n -97.63961791992188,\n 30.205080822715594\n ],\n [\n -97.8607177734375,\n 30.205080822715594\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611275","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welborn, Clarence T.","contributorId":53652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welborn","given":"Clarence","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Veenhuis, Jack E.","contributorId":66745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veenhuis","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27726,"text":"wri864340 - 1987 - Simulation of the ground-water flow system and proposed withdrawals in the northern part of Vekol Valley, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri864340","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4340","title":"Simulation of the ground-water flow system and proposed withdrawals in the northern part of Vekol Valley, Arizona","docAbstract":"Pursuant to the Ak-Chin Indian Community Water Rights Settlement Act (Public Law 95-328-enacted on July 28, 1978) a study was undertaken to assess the effect of proposed groundwater withdrawal from Federal lands near the reservation. The first area to be evaluated was the northern part of the Vekol Valley. The evaluation was made using a numerical model based on detailed geohydrologic concepts developed during the study. The numerical model, which was calibrated to steady-state and transient groundwater conditions in the northern part of Vekol Valley, adequately duplicated the conceptual model and was used to estimate the effect of withdrawing approximately 174,000 acre-ft from the system during a 25-yr period. At the end of the 25-yr period, the water level was drawn down an average of about 95 ft, and about 150,5000 acre-ft of water was removed from storage. The 150,500 acre-ft of water represents 43% of the estimated recoverable groundwater in storage. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864340","usgsCitation":"Hollett, K., and Marie, J., 1987, Simulation of the ground-water flow system and proposed withdrawals in the northern part of Vekol Valley, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4340, v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864340.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4340/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56569,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4340/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ac7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hollett, K.J.","contributorId":23570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollett","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marie, J.R.","contributorId":63416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marie","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30431,"text":"wri874151 - 1987 - Investigation of techniques to estimate rainfall-loss parameters for Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri874151","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4151","title":"Investigation of techniques to estimate rainfall-loss parameters for Illinois","docAbstract":"An attempt was made by the U.S. Geological Survey to develop parameter-estimation techniques for two rainfall-loss computation methods used in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ' flood-hydrograph model (HEC-1). Six rainfall-loss parameters were investigated - four for the Exponential Loss-Rate method and two for the Initial and Uniform Loss-Rate method. Multiple-regression analyses using data from 616 storms at 98 gaged basins were used to attempt to develop parameter-estimation techniques for ungaged basins in Illinois. Techniques were evaluated using 102 storms at 36 uncalibrated gage basins. Estimated unit-hydrograph and rainfall-loss parameters were used to compute discharge hydrograph characteristics, which were compared with characteristics of observed discharge hydrographs. Seventy and 50% of the simulations using the Exponential Loss-Rate and the Initial and Uniform Loss-Rate methods, respectively, produced valid hydrographs. Model-sensitivity analyses to one standard error of estimate indicate that the storm-dependent rainfall-loss parameters are most significant in reproducing the sum of incremental flows and peak discharge. Time of concentrations and storage coefficient are significant in reproducing time to peak discharge and peak discharge, respectively. The small percentage of variation explained by the estimation techniques and the evaluation results using 102 storms indicates that a large degree of uncertainty exists in the computed hydrographs. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874151","usgsCitation":"Weiss, L., and Ishii, A.L., 1987, Investigation of techniques to estimate rainfall-loss parameters for Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4151, v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874151.","productDescription":"v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4151/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59210,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4151/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4779e4b07f02db47f3ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, L.S.","contributorId":42261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"L.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ishii, A. L.","contributorId":61464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishii","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26741,"text":"wri864132 - 1987 - Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T12:12:48","indexId":"wri864132","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4132","title":"Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina","docAbstract":"A statistical analysis was made of data from more than 6,200 water wells drilled in the fractured crystalline rocks of the Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and western edge of the Coastal Plain where crystalline rocks underlie sediments at shallow depths. The study area encompassed 65 countries in western North Carolina, an area of 30,544 square mi, comprising nearly two-thirds of the State. Additional water supplies will be needed in western North Carolina as population and industrial development continue to increase. Ground water is an attractive alternative to surface water sources for moderate to large supplies. The statistical analysis was made to identify the geologic, topographic, and construction factors associated with high-yield wells. It is generally held that the crystalline rocks of Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces yield only small amounts of water to wells, that water is obtained from vertical fractures that pinch out at a depth of about 300 feet because of lithostatic pressure, and that the function of a larger diameter well is primarily for storage. These concepts are reasonable when based upon the average well drilled in these rocks: a domestic well, 125 feet deep, 6 inches or less in diameter, and located on a hill or ridge. However, statistical analysis shows that wells in draws or valleys have average yields three times those of wells on hills and ridges. Wells in the most productive hydrogeologic units have average yields twice those of wells in the least productive units. Wells in draws and valleys in the most productive units average five times more yield than wells on hills and ridges in the least productive units. Well diameter can have significant influence on yield; for a given depth, yield is directly proportional to well diameter. Maximum well yields are obtained from much greater depths than previously believed. For example, the average yield of 6-inch diameter wells located in draws and valleys can be expected to reach a maximum of about 45 gallons per minute at depths of 500 to 525 feet; for similarly located 12-inch diameter wells, the average yield can be expected to reach a maximum of about 150 gallons per min at depths of 700 to 800 ft. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864132","usgsCitation":"Daniel, C., 1987, Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4132, v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864132.","productDescription":"v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4132/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55619,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Blue Ridge Province, Piedmont 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4a93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniel, C.C.","contributorId":53427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30426,"text":"wri864012 - 1987 - Ground-water flow in the Navajo sandstone in parts of Emery, Grand, Carbon, Wayne, Garfield, and Kane counties, southeast Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri864012","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4012","title":"Ground-water flow in the Navajo sandstone in parts of Emery, Grand, Carbon, Wayne, Garfield, and Kane counties, southeast Utah","docAbstract":"A finite-difference model of one layer was constructed to determine groundwater flow directions and magnitudes in the Navajo Sandstone of southeast Utah. Hydraulic head data, hydraulic conductivity data, precipitation data, and other data collected in the area were used in constructing and calibrating the model. Sensitivity of the model to unknown aspects of the groundwater system was investigated. Simulation error attributable to grid-size error was unexpectedly large, but compared to the uncertainty in the groundwater system, simulation error was not large. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864012","usgsCitation":"Weiss, E., 1987, Ground-water flow in the Navajo sandstone in parts of Emery, Grand, Carbon, Wayne, Garfield, and Kane counties, southeast Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4012, iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864012.","productDescription":"iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4012/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59200,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4012/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c414","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, Emanuel","contributorId":74383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"Emanuel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28345,"text":"wri874092 - 1987 - Hydrogeology, ground-water quality, and the possible effects of a hypothetical radioactive-water spill, Plainsboro Township, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T20:40:50.25744","indexId":"wri874092","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4092","title":"Hydrogeology, ground-water quality, and the possible effects of a hypothetical radioactive-water spill, Plainsboro Township, New Jersey","docAbstract":"

Princeton University, under contract to the Department of Energy , maintains a Tokamak fusion test reactor in New Jersey. The U.S. Geological Survey investigated groundwater flow and estimated the effects of a hypothetical spill of radioactive water at the site on the local groundwater system. The study included test drilling; aquifer testing; measurement of water levels, infiltration capacity, and stream discharge; and a simulation of the hypothetical spill. The Triassic Stockton Formation-a water supply aquifer composed primarily of jointed siltstone and sandstone-underlies the site. The aquifer is confined by overlying weathered bedrock and underlying unjointed rock. Weathered bedrock is overlain by unconsolidated, partially saturated material which ranges from 6 to 39 ft in thickness. Groundwater recharge is by lateral flow into the study area, stream leakage, and precipitation. Discharge is by pumpage, evapotranspiration, stream inflow, and lateral flow out of the study area. Transmissivity of the aquifer is about 1,740 sq ft/day, and the storage coefficient is about 0.0002. The average linear velocity of groundwater at the site ranges from 100 to 270 ft/yr depending on location and time of year. The velocity over a large part of the site is controlled by on-site pumpage. Groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for common ions, trace metals, and tritium. The analyses reported no concentrations of common ions or trace metals which exceeded the criteria for drinking water standards recommended by the EPA, except for some instances of moderately high concentrations of iron and manganese. Iron and manganese are common in groundwater and surface water in the area and are not indicative of an on-site source of contamination. Tritium concentrations in the collected samples were also considered representative of background levels and were well below the maximum concentration permitted by the EPA. The fate of spilled radioactive water after a hypothetical accident would depend on the nature of the accident and weather. If the on-site pumpage continued after a spill, groundwater leaving the site probably would have only minimal tritium concentrations, but stream water leaving the site could contain significant tritium concentrations. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874092","usgsCitation":"Lewis, J., and Spitz, F., 1987, Hydrogeology, ground-water quality, and the possible effects of a hypothetical radioactive-water spill, Plainsboro Township, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4092, v, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874092.","productDescription":"v, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395405,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46763.htm"},{"id":57153,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4092/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4092/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","city":"Plainsboro Township","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.6056,\n 40.3417\n ],\n [\n -74.5917,\n 40.3417\n ],\n [\n -74.5917,\n 40.3528\n ],\n [\n -74.6056,\n 40.3528\n ],\n [\n -74.6056,\n 40.3417\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db614864","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, J. C.","contributorId":10057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spitz, F. J.","contributorId":56682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spitz","given":"F. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26781,"text":"wri864321 - 1987 - Evaluation of availability of water from drift aquifers near the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa rivers, western Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T10:27:41","indexId":"wri864321","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4321","title":"Evaluation of availability of water from drift aquifers near the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa rivers, western Minnesota","docAbstract":"

Ground-water flow in the confined- and unconfined-drift aquifers near Appleton and Benson, Minnesota, was simulated with a three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow model. Model results indicate that 98 percent of the total inflow to the modeled area is from precipitation. Of the total outflow, 38 percent is ground-water discharge to the Pom me de Terre and Chippewa Rivers, 36 percent is evapotranspiration, 17 percent is ground-water pumpage, and 8 percent is ground-water discharge to the Minnesota River.

\n

The model was used to simulate the effects of below-normal precipitation (drought) and hypothetical increases in ground-water development. Model results indicate that reduced recharge and increased pumping during a three-year extended drought probably would lower water levels 2 to 6 feet regionally in the surficial aquifer and in the Appleton and Benson-middle aquifers and as much as 11 feet near aquifer boundaries. Ground-water discharge to the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa Rivers in the modeled area probably would be reduced during the simulated drought by 15.2 and 7.4 cubic feet per second, respectively, compared to 1982 conditions. The addition of 30 hypothetical wells in the Benson-middle aquifer near Benson, pumping a total of 810 million gallons per year, resulted in water-level declines of as much as 1.3 and 2.7 feet in the surficial and Benson-middle aquifers, respectively. The addition of 28 hypothetical wells in the Appleton aquifer east and southeast of Appleton, pumping a total of 756 million gallons per year, lowered water levels in the surficial and Appleton confined aquifers as much as 5 feet.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri864321","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa Ground-water Study Steering Committee","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., 1987, Evaluation of availability of water from drift aquifers near the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa rivers, western Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4321, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864321.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4321/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55666,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4321/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.20590209960938,\n 45.13846137581871\n ],\n [\n -96.0205078125,\n 45.122959847191616\n ],\n [\n -95.99441528320312,\n 45.11133093583214\n ],\n [\n -95.96969604492188,\n 45.08709642547449\n ],\n [\n -95.93536376953125,\n 45.07158094070473\n ],\n [\n -95.86944580078125,\n 45.02597983843737\n ],\n [\n -95.2789306640625,\n 45.27681919090837\n ],\n [\n -95.5755615234375,\n 45.53617475484825\n ],\n [\n -96.27456665039062,\n 45.232349197513116\n ],\n [\n -96.20590209960938,\n 45.13846137581871\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fae7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27093,"text":"wri874073 - 1987 - Estimation of streamflow characteristics and assessment of trends in the Niobrara River at Mariaville, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:36","indexId":"wri874073","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4073","title":"Estimation of streamflow characteristics and assessment of trends in the Niobrara River at Mariaville, Nebraska","docAbstract":"A computer model was used to synthesize a long-term streamflow record for the Niobrara River at Mariaville, Nebraska. The record was developed on the basis of 30-plus years of streamflow data from 3 upstream sites, and the U. S. Geological Survey 's CONROUT model was calibrated using 294 days of measured flow at Mariaville; for the calibration period, 87% of the synthesized daily discharges were within 15% of the measured values. The synthesized record was analyzed for trends in streamflow characteristics. A marked decrease in the average consecutive-day, low-flow discharges was detected after 1964, ranging between 162 cu ft/sec less for the 1-day low flow and 200 cu ft/sec less for the 14-day low flow. The decrease probably was caused by the start-up of operations at Merritt Reservoir. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874073","usgsCitation":"Fischer, E., 1987, Estimation of streamflow characteristics and assessment of trends in the Niobrara River at Mariaville, Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4073, iv, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874073.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55959,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb188","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, E.E.","contributorId":102480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29919,"text":"wri864317 - 1987 - Geology and hydrology of the Onondaga aquifer in eastern Erie County, New York, with emphasis on ground-water-level declines since 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-02T19:34:07.04247","indexId":"wri864317","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4317","title":"Geology and hydrology of the Onondaga aquifer in eastern Erie County, New York, with emphasis on ground-water-level declines since 1982","docAbstract":"

The Onondaga aquifer is a nearly flat-lying, 25- to 110-foot-thick, cherty limestone with moderately developed karst features such as sinkholes, disappearing streams, and solution-widened joints. Most groundwater moves through solution-widened bedding planes, although some moves through vertical joints. The yield of water from 42 wells ranges from 3 to 100 gal/min, averaging 20 gal/min. Groundwater levels in the Onondaga aquifer declined during the fall of 1981 and summer and fall of 1982-85, near a 2.2-mile-long and 800-foot-wide land surface depression in the eastern part of Erie County. More than 60 wells and several wetlands went dry and at least three sinkholes developed. Groundwater levels were measured in 150 wells during a high water level period in April 1984 and a low water period in October 1984. Water levels fluctuated 20 to 50 ft near the depression and near the quarries but fluctuated only 5 to 10 ft elsewhere. The water level decline was caused by the combined effect of groundwater removal by pumpage from a quarry (the water is then discharged to Dorsch Creek) and by the swallets in the 2.2-mile-long depression area, which are recharge points for the aquifer. In 1982, sinkholes formed in a surface depression area in Harris Hill. The enlargement of these sinkholes seems to be unrelated to the water level decline in the eastern part of the county and is probably caused by local drainage alterations. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864317","usgsCitation":"Staubitz, W., and Miller, T.S., 1987, Geology and hydrology of the Onondaga aquifer in eastern Erie County, New York, with emphasis on ground-water-level declines since 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4317, Report: vi, 44 p.; 4 Plates: 33.74 × 23.81 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864317.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 44 p.; 4 Plates: 33.74 × 23.81 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395295,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36637.htm"},{"id":58740,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58739,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58738,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58737,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58736,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Erie County","otherGeospatial":"Onondaga aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.7,\n 42.933\n ],\n [\n -78.463,\n 42.933\n ],\n [\n -78.463,\n 43.033\n ],\n [\n -78.7,\n 43.033\n ],\n [\n -78.7,\n 42.933\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b468a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staubitz, W. W.","contributorId":73209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staubitz","given":"W. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Todd S.","contributorId":85623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26991,"text":"wri874143 - 1987 - Hydrologic and geologic factors affecting land subsidence near Eloy, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:39","indexId":"wri874143","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4143","title":"Hydrologic and geologic factors affecting land subsidence near Eloy, Arizona","docAbstract":"At an extensometer site near Eloy, Arizona, 1.09 m of land subsidence caused by groundwater withdrawal were measured by leveling in 1965-83. The extensometer, which partially penetrates the compressible sediments, recorded 0.82 m of compaction during the same period. By use of a one-dimensional model, cumulative daily compaction values were simulated to within an average of 0.0038 m of the actual values. Land subsidence was simulated to within an average of 0.011 m using the same model in conjunction with geohydrologic data of the sediments below the extensometer. A highly compressible clay layer that is 24.38 m thick was partially penetrated by the extensometer. The simulation indicated that the layer was driving compaction and land subsidence linearly with respect to time, despite the presence of other compacting layers. Because of its thickness and compressibility, this layer can be expected to continue to compact after applied vertical stresses have stopped increasing and other layers have stopped compacting. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the compressibility of fine-grained sediments (expressed as specific storage) is one of the factors to which compact is most sensitive. Preconsolidation stress and hydraulic conductivity also affect land subsidence near Eloy, Arizona. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874143","usgsCitation":"Epstein, V., 1987, Hydrologic and geologic factors affecting land subsidence near Eloy, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4143, iv, 28 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874143.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4143/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55877,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4143/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db62469a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Epstein, V.J.","contributorId":106536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"V.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28306,"text":"wri874231 - 1987 - Water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir in northeast Texas, 1977 to 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T15:11:11","indexId":"wri874231","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4231","title":"Water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir in northeast Texas, 1977 to 1984","docAbstract":"

Water in Cedar Creek Reservoir in northeast Texas had volume-weighted average concentrations of less than 140 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids, less than 30 milligrams per liter of dissolved sulfate, and less than 25 milligrams per liter of chloride between vh nuary 1977 and August 1984. The water was soft to moderately hard; the total hardness concentrations ranged from 55 to 75 milligrams per liter as calcium carbonate.

\n

Thermal stratification in Cedar Creek Reservoir usually begins in late winter or early spring and persists until late fall. Stratification or summer stagnation causes significant seasonal and areal variations in concentrations of dissolved oxygen, iron, manganese, total inorganic nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Oxygen used in the decay of organic matter is not replenished during summer stagnation, and water below depths of 30 feet usually contains less than 2 milligrams per liter of dissolved oxygen. Often, oxygen is nearly depleted near the bottom in the deepest areas of the reservoir, thus causing reducing conditions.

\n

Reducing conditions during summer stagnation result in the dissolution of iron and manganese in bottom sediments. At the deepest site (Ac) near Joe B. Hoggset Dam, dissolved iron concentrations in water near the bottom averaged 1,860 micrograms per liter and manganese concentrations averaged 3,170 micrograms per liter. The concentrations of dissolved iron and dissolved manganese averaged less than 120 micrograms per liter throughout the reservoir during winter and spring circulation and in water near the reservoir's surface during summer stagnation.

\n

Seasonal temperature and dissolved oxygen cycles cause the recycling of dissolved iron and manganese between the water and bottom sediments. However, no substantial accumulation of these constituents within the reservoir was detected during the study.

\n

Of 10 trace elements studied, barium and arsenic were the most commonly found in detectable concentrations. Of 22 water samples collected for traceelement analysis, 15 contained barium in concentrations ranging from 40 to 300 micrograms per liter, and 19 contained arsenic in concentrations ranging from 1 to 26 micrograms per liter. However, these concentrations are below the maximum contaminant Hmit for barium (1,000 micrograms per liter) and arsenic (50 micrograms per liter) in drinking water.

\n

The concentrations of total inorganic nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were largest during summer stagnation in water near the bottom at the deepest sites. At site Ac, the largest total phosphorus concentration was 5.3 milligrams per liter for a bottom sample. The maximum total inorganic nitrogen concentration for the same sample was 2.5 milligrams per liter. Water near the surface of Cedar Creek Reservoir during summer stagnation and throughout the reservoir during winter circulation had total phosphorus and total inorganic nitrogen concentrations of less than 0.1 milligram per liter. Total nitrogen concentrations near the surface ranged from 0.3 to 1.1 milligrams per liter from January 1980 to August 1984.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri874231","usgsCitation":"Leibbrand, N.F., and Gibbons, W.J., 1987, Water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir in northeast Texas, 1977 to 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4231, v, 148 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874231.","productDescription":"v, 148 p.","numberOfPages":"153","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1977-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4231/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57118,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4231/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Cedar Creek Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.25328063964844,\n 32.14131578908406\n ],\n [\n -96.25328063964844,\n 32.439090125173585\n ],\n [\n -95.97244262695312,\n 32.439090125173585\n ],\n [\n -95.97244262695312,\n 32.14131578908406\n ],\n [\n -96.25328063964844,\n 32.14131578908406\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db5460aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leibbrand, Norman F.","contributorId":173583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leibbrand","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbons, Willard J.","contributorId":173568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Willard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28303,"text":"wri874061 - 1987 - AQMAN; linear and quadratic programming matrix generator using two-dimensional ground-water flow simulation for aquifer management modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:49","indexId":"wri874061","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4061","title":"AQMAN; linear and quadratic programming matrix generator using two-dimensional ground-water flow simulation for aquifer management modeling","docAbstract":"A FORTRAN-77 computer program code that helps solve a variety of aquifer management problems involving the control of groundwater hydraulics. It is intended for use with any standard mathematical programming package that uses Mathematical Programming System input format. The computer program creates the input files to be used by the optimization program. These files contain all the hydrologic information and management objectives needed to solve the management problem. Used in conjunction with a mathematical programming code, the computer program identifies the pumping or recharge strategy that achieves a user 's management objective while maintaining groundwater hydraulic conditions within desired limits. The objective may be linear or quadratic, and may involve the minimization of pumping and recharge rates or of variable pumping costs. The problem may contain constraints on groundwater heads, gradients, and velocities for a complex, transient hydrologic system. Linear superposition of solutions to the transient, two-dimensional groundwater flow equation is used by the computer program in conjunction with the response matrix optimization method. A unit stress is applied at each decision well and transient responses at all control locations are computed using a modified version of the U.S. Geological Survey two dimensional aquifer simulation model. The program also computes discounted cost coefficients for the objective function and accounts for transient aquifer conditions. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874061","usgsCitation":"Lefkoff, L., and Gorelick, S., 1987, AQMAN; linear and quadratic programming matrix generator using two-dimensional ground-water flow simulation for aquifer management modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4061, 164 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874061.","productDescription":"164 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4061/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57115,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4061/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae144","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lefkoff, L.J.","contributorId":47418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lefkoff","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorelick, S.M.","contributorId":21589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28033,"text":"wri864095 - 1987 - HST3D; a computer code for simulation of heat and solute transport in three-dimensional ground-water flow systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"wri864095","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4095","title":"HST3D; a computer code for simulation of heat and solute transport in three-dimensional ground-water flow systems","docAbstract":"The Heat- and Soil-Transport Program (HST3D) simulates groundwater flow and associated heat and solute transport in three dimensions. The three governing equations are coupled through the interstitial pore velocity, the dependence of the fluid density on pressure, temperature, the solute-mass fraction , and the dependence of the fluid viscosity on temperature and solute-mass fraction. The solute transport equation is for only a single, solute species with possible linear equilibrium sorption and linear decay. Finite difference techniques are used to discretize the governing equations using a point-distributed grid. The flow-, heat- and solute-transport equations are solved , in turn, after a particle Gauss-reduction scheme is used to modify them. The modified equations are more tightly coupled and have better stability for the numerical solutions. The basic source-sink term represents wells. A complex well flow model may be used to simulate specified flow rate and pressure conditions at the land surface or within the aquifer, with or without pressure and flow rate constraints. Boundary condition types offered include specified value, specified flux, leakage, heat conduction, and approximate free surface, and two types of aquifer influence functions. All boundary conditions can be functions of time. Two techniques are available for solution of the finite difference matrix equations. One technique is a direct-elimination solver, using equations reordered by alternating diagonal planes. The other technique is an iterative solver, using two-line successive over-relaxation. A restart option is available for storing intermediate results and restarting the simulation at an intermediate time with modified boundary conditions. This feature also can be used as protection against computer system failure. Data input and output may be in metric (SI) units or inch-pound units. Output may include tables of dependent variables and parameters, zoned-contour maps, and plots of the dependent variables versus time. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864095","usgsCitation":"Kipp, K., 1987, HST3D; a computer code for simulation of heat and solute transport in three-dimensional ground-water flow systems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4095, viii, 517 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864095.","productDescription":"viii, 517 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4095/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56872,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4095/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634caa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kipp, K.L.","contributorId":96715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kipp","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27972,"text":"wri854309 - 1987 - Surface-water hydrology of the Western New York Nuclear Service Center Cattaraugus County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T10:23:51","indexId":"wri854309","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4309","title":"Surface-water hydrology of the Western New York Nuclear Service Center Cattaraugus County, New York","docAbstract":"Precipitation data were collected from October 1980 through September 1983 from three recording gages at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, and surface water data were collected at three continuous-record gaging stations and one partial-record gage on streams that drain a 0.7 sq km part of the site. Seepage from springs was measured periodically during the study. The data were used to identify runoff characteristics at the waste burial ground and the reprocessing plant area, 400 meters to the north. Preliminary water budgets for April 1982 through March 1983 were calculated to aid in the development of groundwater flow models to the two areas. Nearly 80% of the measured runoff from the burial ground area was storm runoff; the remaining 20% was base flow. In contrast, only 30% of the runoff leaving the reprocessing plant area was storm runoff, and 70% was base flow. This difference is attributed to soil composition. The burial ground soil consists of clayey silty till that limits infiltration and causes most precipitation to flow to local channels as direct runoff. In contrast, the reprocessing plant area is overlain by alluvial sand and gravel that allows rapid infiltration of precipitation and subsequent steady discharge from the water table to nearby stream channels and seepage faces. Measured total annual runoff and estimated evapotranspiration from the reprocessing plant area exceeded the precipitation by 35%, which suggests that the groundwater basin is larger than the surface water basin. The additional outflow probably includes underflow from bedrock upgradient from the plant, water leakage from plant facilities, and groundwater flow from adjacent basins. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri854309","usgsCitation":"Kappel, W.M., and Harding, W.E., 1987, Surface-water hydrology of the Western New York Nuclear Service Center Cattaraugus County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4309, v, 36 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854309.","productDescription":"v, 36 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4309/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":366709,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4309/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Cattaraugus County","otherGeospatial":"Western New York Nuclear Service Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.65777492523192,\n 42.44907976495076\n ],\n [\n -78.65481376647948,\n 42.44907976495076\n ],\n [\n -78.65481376647948,\n 42.45040973396976\n ],\n [\n -78.65777492523192,\n 42.45040973396976\n ],\n [\n -78.65777492523192,\n 42.44907976495076\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a634","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kappel, W. M.","contributorId":18754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harding, W. E.","contributorId":12527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harding","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":33428,"text":"b1731A - 1987 - Mineral Resources of the Morey and Fandango Wilderness Study Areas, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:09","indexId":"b1731A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1731","chapter":"A","title":"Mineral Resources of the Morey and Fandango Wilderness Study Areas, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Morey (NV-060-191) and Fandango (NV-060-190) Wilderness Study Areas are located in the northern Hot Creek Range about 25 mi north of Warm Springs, Nev. At the request of the Bureau of Land Management, 46,300 acres of the Morey and Fandango Wilderness Study Areas were studied. In this report, the area studied is referred to as 'the wilderness study area', or simply 'the study area'. Geologic, geochemical, geophysical, and mineral surveys were conducted by the USGS and the USBM in 1984 to appraise the identified mineral resources and to assess the mineral resource potential of the study areas. These studies indicate that there are small identified resources of zinc, lead, and silver at the Lead Pipe property in the Fandango Wilderness Study Area, several areas of high potential for the occurrence of gold resources in the Fandango study area, small areas of low and moderate potential for the occurrence of silver, lead, and zinc resources in the Fandango study area, areas of moderate and high potential for the occurrence of silver, lead, and zinc resources in the Morey study area, and an area of low potential for copper, molybdenum, and tin in the Morey study area. Both study areas have low resource potential for petroleum, natural gas, uranium, and geothermal energy.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1731A","usgsCitation":"John, D.A., Nash, J.T., Plouff, D., and McDonnell, J.R., 1987, Mineral Resources of the Morey and Fandango Wilderness Study Areas, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1731, Report: vi, A19; Plate, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1731A.","productDescription":"Report: vi, A19; Plate","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":95975,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1731a/plate-1.pdf","size":"4944","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":167685,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1731a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61306,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1731a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.25,38 ], [ -117.25,39 ], [ -116,39 ], [ -116,38 ], [ -117.25,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6357ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":211030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nash, J. Thomas","contributorId":26306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plouff, Donald","contributorId":94657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plouff","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDonnell, John R. Jr.","contributorId":32898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonnell","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":28260,"text":"wri834099 - 1987 - Documentation of computer program VS2D to solve the equations of fluid flow in variably saturated porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:53","indexId":"wri834099","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4099","title":"Documentation of computer program VS2D to solve the equations of fluid flow in variably saturated porous media","docAbstract":"This report documents FORTRAN computer code for solving problems involving variably saturated single-phase flow in porous media. The flow equation is written with total hydraulic potential as the dependent variable, which allows straightforward treatment of both saturated and unsaturated conditions. The spatial derivatives in the flow equation are approximated by central differences, and time derivatives are approximated either by a fully implicit backward or by a centered-difference scheme. Nonlinear conductance and storage terms may be linearized using either an explicit method or an implicit Newton-Raphson method. Relative hydraulic conductivity is evaluated at cell boundaries by using either full upstream weighting, the arithmetic mean, or the geometric mean of values from adjacent cells. Nonlinear boundary conditions treated by the code include infiltration, evaporation, and seepage faces. Extraction by plant roots that is caused by atmospheric demand is included as a nonlinear sink term. These nonlinear boundary and sink terms are linearized implicitly. The code has been verified for several one-dimensional linear problems for which analytical solutions exist and against two nonlinear problems that have been simulated with other numerical models. A complete listing of data-entry requirements and data entry and results for three example problems are provided. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834099","usgsCitation":"Lappala, E., Healy, R.W., and Weeks, E., 1987, Documentation of computer program VS2D to solve the equations of fluid flow in variably saturated porous media: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4099, ix, 184 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834099.","productDescription":"ix, 184 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4099/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57085,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4099/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63ccb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lappala, E.G.","contributorId":17996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lappala","given":"E.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, R. W.","contributorId":89872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weeks, E.P.","contributorId":38514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":33388,"text":"b1707B - 1987 - Mineral resources of the East Fork High Rock Canyon Wilderness Study Area, Washoe and Humboldt counties, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-15T01:01:59","indexId":"b1707B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1707","chapter":"B","title":"Mineral resources of the East Fork High Rock Canyon Wilderness Study Area, Washoe and Humboldt counties, Nevada","docAbstract":"The part of the East Fork High Rock Canyon Wilderness Study Area (CA-020-914/NV-020-006A) included in this study encompasses 33,460 acres in the northwestern part of Nevada. Throughout this report, \"wilderness study area\" and \"study area\" refertothe 33,460 acres for which mineral surveys were requested. The U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines conducted geological, geophysical, and geochemical surveys to assess the mineral resources (known) and the mineral resource potential (undiscovered) of the study area. Fieldwork for this report was carried out in 1985 and 1986. No mines, significant prospects, or mining claims are located inside the study area, and no identified resources were found. The wilderness study area has moderate mineral resource potential for gold, silver, and mercury and for zeolite minerals. A low potential also exists for geothermal energy resources, and potential for oil and gas is unknown.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/b1707B","usgsCitation":"Ach, J.A., Plouff, D., Turner, R.L., and Schmauch, S., 1987, Mineral resources of the East Fork High Rock Canyon Wilderness Study Area, Washoe and Humboldt counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1707, p. B1-B14, ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1707B.","productDescription":"p. B1-B14, ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1707b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61244,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1707b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Humboldt;Washoe","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120,41 ], [ -120,42 ], [ -119,42 ], [ -119,41 ], [ -120,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a3e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ach, Jay A.","contributorId":55446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ach","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plouff, Donald","contributorId":94657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plouff","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turner, R. L.","contributorId":93903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmauch, S. W.","contributorId":53790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmauch","given":"S. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}