{"pageNumber":"1453","pageRowStart":"36300","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184660,"records":[{"id":70044058,"text":"70044058 - 2013 - Geomorphic factors related to the persistence of subsurface oil from the Exxon Valdez oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T16:10:12","indexId":"70044058","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomorphic factors related to the persistence of subsurface oil from the Exxon Valdez oil spill","docAbstract":"Oil from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill has persisted along shorelines of Prince William Sound, Alaska, for more than two decades as both surface and subsurface oil residues. To better understand the distribution of persistent subsurface oil and assess the potential need for further restoration, a thorough and quantitative understanding of the geomorphic factors controlling the presence or absence of subsurface oil is required. Data on oiling and geomorphic features were collected at 198 sites in Prince William Sound to identify and quantify the relationships among these geomorphic factors and the presence and absence of persistent subsurface oil. Geomorphic factors associated with the presence of subsurface oil were initial oil exposure, substrate permeability, topographic slope, low exposure to waves, armoring on gravel beaches, tombolos, natural breakwaters, and rubble accumulations. Geomorphic factors associated with the absence of subsurface oil were impermeable bedrock; platforms with thin sediment veneer; fine-grained, well-sorted gravel beaches with no armor; and low-permeability, raised bay-bottom beaches. Relationships were found between the geomorphic and physical site characteristics and the likelihood of encountering persistent subsurface oiling at those sites. There is quantitative evidence of more complex interactions between the overall wave energy incident at a site and the presence of fine-scale geomorphic features that may have provided smaller, local wave energy sheltering of oil. Similarly, these data provide evidence for interactions between the shoreline slope and the presence of angular rubble, with decreased likelihood for encountering subsurface oil at steeply sloped sites except at high-angle sheltered rubble shoreline locations. These results reinforce the idea that the interactions of beach permeability, stability, and site-specific wave exposure are key drivers for subsurface oil persistence in exposed and intermittently exposed mixed gravel beach and rocky shoreline environments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/SI_69_9","usgsCitation":"Nixon, Z., Michel, J., Hayes, M.O., Irvine, G.V., and Short, J., 2013, Geomorphic factors related to the persistence of subsurface oil from the Exxon Valdez oil spill: Journal of Coastal Research, p. 115-127, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI_69_9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-042412","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280778,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280777,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/SI_69_9"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -148.5,59.75 ], [ -148.5,60.75 ], [ -147.0,60.75 ], [ -147.0,59.75 ], [ -148.5,59.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5ea0e4b0b290850fbd0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nixon, Zachary","contributorId":108006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nixon","given":"Zachary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michel, Jacqueline","contributorId":17121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, Miles O.","contributorId":40107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Miles","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irvine, Gail V. girvine@usgs.gov","contributorId":2368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Gail","email":"girvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Short, Jeff","contributorId":89437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70059910,"text":"70059910 - 2013 - Nutrient limitation of native and invasive N2-fixing plants in northwest prairies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-06T09:50:24","indexId":"70059910","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient limitation of native and invasive N2-fixing plants in northwest prairies","docAbstract":"Nutrient rich conditions often promote plant invasions, yet additions of non-nitrogen (N) nutrients may provide a novel approach for conserving native symbiotic N-fixing plants in otherwise N-limited ecosystems. Lupinus oreganus is a threatened N-fixing plant endemic to prairies in western Oregon and southwest Washington (USA). We tested the effect of non-N fertilizers on the growth, reproduction, tissue N content, and stable isotope δ15N composition of Lupinus at three sites that differed in soil phosphorus (P) and N availability. We also examined changes in other Fabaceae (primarily Vicia sativa and V. hirsuta) and cover of all plant species. Variation in background soil P and N availability shaped patterns of nutrient limitation across sites. Where soil P and N were low, P additions increased Lupinus tissue N and altered foliar δ15N, suggesting P limitation of N fixation. Where soil P was low but N was high, P addition stimulated growth and reproduction in Lupinus. At a third site, with higher soil P, only micro- and macronutrient fertilization without N and P increased Lupinus growth and tissue N. Lupinus foliar δ15N averaged −0.010‰ across all treatments and varied little with tissue N, suggesting consistent use of fixed N. In contrast, foliar δ15N of Vicia spp. shifted towards 0‰ as tissue N increased, suggesting that conditions fostering N fixation may benefit these exotic species. Fertilization increased cover, N fixation, and tissue N of non-target, exotic Fabaceae, but overall plant community structure shifted at only one site, and only after the dominant Lupinus was excluded from analyses. Our finding that non-N fertilization increased the performance of Lupinus with few community effects suggests a potential strategy to aid populations of threatened legume species. The increase in exotic Fabaceae species that occurred with fertilization further suggests that monitoring and adaptive management should accompany any large scale applications.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0084593","usgsCitation":"Thorpe, A.S., Perakis, S.S., Catricala, C., and Kaye, T.N., 2013, Nutrient limitation of native and invasive N2-fixing plants in northwest prairies: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 12, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084593.","productDescription":"9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050941","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084593","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280571,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084593"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Williamette Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.3875,43.9533 ], [ -123.3875,45.5987 ], [ -122.3438,45.5987 ], [ -122.3438,43.9533 ], [ -123.3875,43.9533 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd696ae4b0b29085102ab1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorpe, Andrea S.","contributorId":23840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorpe","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. sperakis@usgs.gov","contributorId":3117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven","email":"sperakis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Catricala, Christina ccatricala@usgs.gov","contributorId":5187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catricala","given":"Christina","email":"ccatricala@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaye, Thomas N.","contributorId":97363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaye","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70047753,"text":"70047753 - 2013 - Data-driven modeling of background and mine-related acidity and metals in river basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T13:32:47","indexId":"70047753","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:40:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Data-driven modeling of background and mine-related acidity and metals in river basins","docAbstract":"

A novel application of self-organizing map (SOM) and multivariate statistical techniques is used to model the nonlinear interaction among basin mineral-resources, mining activity, and surface-water quality. First, the SOM is trained using sparse measurements from 228 sample sites in the Animas River Basin, Colorado. The model performance is validated by comparing stochastic predictions of basin-alteration assemblages and mining activity at 104 independent sites. The SOM correctly predicts (>98%) the predominant type of basin hydrothermal alteration and presence (or absence) of mining activity. Second, application of the Davies–Bouldin criteria to k-means clustering of SOM neurons identified ten unique environmental groups. Median statistics of these groups define a nonlinear water-quality response along the spatiotemporal hydrothermal alteration-mining gradient. These results reveal that it is possible to differentiate among the continuum between inputs of background and mine-related acidity and metals, and it provides a basis for future research and empirical model development.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.036","usgsCitation":"Friedel, M.J., 2013, Data-driven modeling of background and mine-related acidity and metals in river basins: Environmental Pollution, v. 184, p. 530-539, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.036.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"530","endPage":"539","ipdsId":"IP-038503","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"184","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59254a6ee4b0b7ff9fb361b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedel, Michael J","contributorId":119245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70260378,"text":"70260378 - 2013 - Preface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-01T14:38:25.415098","indexId":"70260378","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:36:10","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Preface","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Teide Volcano: Geology and eruptions of a highly differentiated oceanic stratovolcano","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Tilling, R.I., 2013, Preface, chap. of Teide Volcano: Geology and eruptions of a highly differentiated oceanic stratovolcano, p. v-vi.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"v","endPage":"vi","ipdsId":"IP-041767","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":463537,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-642-25893-0","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":463538,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carracedo, Juan Carlos","contributorId":345853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carracedo","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"Carlos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917703,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Troll, Valentin R.","contributorId":300369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Troll","given":"Valentin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37671,"text":"Uppsala University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":917704,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":344926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":917482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70073896,"text":"70073896 - 2013 - Forest calcium depletion and biotic retention along a soil nitrogen gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-24T09:39:03","indexId":"70073896","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:33:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forest calcium depletion and biotic retention along a soil nitrogen gradient","docAbstract":"High nitrogen (N) accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems can shift patterns of nutrient limitation and deficiency beyond N toward other nutrients, most notably phosphorus (P) and base cations (calcium [Ca], magnesium [Mg], and potassium [K]). We examined how naturally high N accumulation from a legacy of symbiotic N fixation shaped P and base cation cycling across a gradient of nine temperate conifer forests in the Oregon Coast Range. We were particularly interested in whether long-term legacies of symbiotic N fixation promoted coupled N and organic P accumulation in soils, and whether biotic demands by non-fixing vegetation could conserve ecosystem base cations as N accumulated. Total soil N (0–100 cm) pools increased nearly threefold across the N gradient, leading to increased nitrate leaching, declines in soil pH from 5.8 to 4.2, 10-fold declines in soil exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K, and increased mobilization of aluminum. These results suggest that long-term N enrichment had acidified soils and depleted much of the readily weatherable base cation pool. Soil organic P increased with both soil N and C across the gradient, but soil inorganic P, biomass P, and P leaching loss did not vary with N, implying that historic symbiotic N fixation promoted soil organic P accumulation and P sufficiency for non-fixers. Even though soil pools of Ca, Mg, and K all declined as soil N increased, only Ca declined in biomass pools, suggesting the emergence of Ca deficiency at high N. Biotic conservation and tight recycling of Ca increased in response to whole-ecosystem Ca depletion, as indicated by preferential accumulation of Ca in biomass and surface soil. Our findings support a hierarchical model of coupled N–Ca cycling under long-term soil N enrichment, whereby ecosystem-level N saturation and nitrate leaching deplete readily available soil Ca, stimulating biotic Ca conservation as overall supply diminishes. We conclude that a legacy of biological N fixation can increase N and P accumulation in soil organic matter to the point that neither nutrient is limiting to subsequent non-fixers, while also resulting in natural N saturation that intensifies base cation depletion and deficiency.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/12-2204.1","usgsCitation":"Perakis, S., Sinkhorn, E.R., Catricala, C., Bullen, T.D., Fitzpatrick, J., Hynicka, J.D., and Cromack, K., 2013, Forest calcium depletion and biotic retention along a soil nitrogen gradient: Ecological Applications, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1947-1961, https://doi.org/10.1890/12-2204.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1947","endPage":"1961","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-044899","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281467,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-2204.1"},{"id":281468,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Oregon Coast Range","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.286,43.2258 ], [ -124.286,46.2132 ], [ -122.9839,46.2132 ], [ -122.9839,43.2258 ], [ -124.286,43.2258 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5a20e4b0b290850f9271","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":16797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sinkhorn, Emily R.","contributorId":7543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinkhorn","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Catricala, Christina ccatricala@usgs.gov","contributorId":5187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catricala","given":"Christina","email":"ccatricala@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":489160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bullen, Thomas D. 0000-0003-2281-1691 tdbullen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-1691","contributorId":1969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"Thomas","email":"tdbullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, John A. 0000-0001-6738-7180","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6738-7180","contributorId":101983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"John A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hynicka, Justin D.","contributorId":79797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hynicka","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cromack, Kermit Jr.","contributorId":79398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cromack","given":"Kermit","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70058183,"text":"70058183 - 2013 - An alternative to soil taxonomy for describing key soil characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-05T09:30:47","indexId":"70058183","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:27:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An alternative to soil taxonomy for describing key soil characteristics","docAbstract":"We are pleased to see the letter by Schimel and Chadwick (Front Ecol Environ 2013; 11[8]: 405–06), highlighting the importance of soil characterization in ecological and biogeochemical research and explaining the value of soil taxonomy, and we agree with the authors that reporting soil\ntaxonomic classification would greatly increase the interpretive value of many studies. However, in our extensive work with land managers and scientists, we have found that taxonomic classifications are not\nparticularly useful because they are poorly understood. For those unfamiliar\nwith soil taxonomy, deconstructing the meaning of a classification\nis not a simple task. Furthermore, because the US system of soil taxonomy is not applied universally, its utility as a means for effectively describing soil characteristics to readers in other countries is limited. Finally, and most importantly, even at the finest level of soil classification there are often large within-taxa variations in critical properties that can determine ecosystem responses to drivers such as climate and land-use change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13.WB.020","usgsCitation":"Duniway, M.C., Miller, M.E., Brown, J., and Toevs, G., 2013, An alternative to soil taxonomy for describing key soil characteristics: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 11, no. 10, p. 527-528, https://doi.org/10.1890/13.WB.020.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"528","numberOfPages":"2","ipdsId":"IP-051156","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280185,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280175,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13.WB.020"}],"volume":"11","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a1ae73e4b02938ec05c7d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Mark E.","contributorId":91580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6959,"text":"National Park Service Southeast Utah Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":487018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Joel R.","contributorId":72641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Joel R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Toevs, Gordon","contributorId":57758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toevs","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70094637,"text":"70094637 - 2013 - Effect of light, prey density, and prey type on the feeding rates of Hemimysis anomala","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-24T09:29:12","indexId":"70094637","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:20:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of light, prey density, and prey type on the feeding rates of Hemimysis anomala","docAbstract":"Hemimysis anomala is a near-shore mysid native to the Ponto-Caspian region that was discovered to have invaded Great Lakes ecosystems in 2006. We investigated feeding rates and prey preferences of adult and juvenile Hemimysis in laboratory experiments to gain insight on the potential for Hemimysis to disrupt food webs. For both age groups (AGs), we measured feeding rates as a function of prey abundance (Bosmina longirostris as prey), prey type (B. longirostris, Daphnia pulex, and Mesocyclops sp.), and light levels (no light and dim light). Mean feeding rates on Bosmina increased with prey density and reached 23 ind. (2 h)−1 for adults and 17 ind. (2 h)−1 for juveniles. Dim light had little effect on prey selection or feeding rate compared to complete darkness. When feeding rates on alternate prey were compared, both AGs fed at higher rates on Bosmina than Daphnia, but only juveniles fed at significantly higher rates on Bosmina relative to Mesocyclops. No significant differences were observed between feeding rates on Mesocyclops and on Daphnia. Hemimysis feeding rates were on the order of 30–60% of their body weight per day, similar to predatory cladocerans that have been implicated in zooplankton declines in Lakes Huron and Ontario.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-013-1628-0","usgsCitation":"Halpin, K.E., Boscarino, B.T., Rudstam, L.G., Walsh, M.G., and Lantry, B.F., 2013, Effect of light, prey density, and prey type on the feeding rates of Hemimysis anomala: Hydrobiologia, v. 720, no. 1, p. 101-110, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-013-1628-0.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-046088","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282661,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-013-1628-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Geneva","otherGeospatial":"Seneca Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.972683,42.387703 ], [ -76.972683,42.869365 ], [ -76.859287,42.869365 ], [ -76.859287,42.387703 ], [ -76.972683,42.387703 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"720","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd567be4b0b290850f6f15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halpin, Kathleen E.","contributorId":99442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halpin","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boscarino, Brent T.","contributorId":104361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boscarino","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G.","contributorId":56609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walsh, Mureen G.","contributorId":67405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Mureen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lantry, Brian F. 0000-0001-8797-3910 bflantry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-3910","contributorId":3435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lantry","given":"Brian","email":"bflantry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70107102,"text":"70107102 - 2013 - Combined impacts of current and future dust deposition and regional warming on Colorado River Basin snow dynamics and hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T16:44:36","indexId":"70107102","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:04:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combined impacts of current and future dust deposition and regional warming on Colorado River Basin snow dynamics and hydrology","docAbstract":"

The Colorado River provides water to 40 million people in seven western states and two countries and to 5.5 million irrigated acres. The river has long been overallocated. Climate models project runoff losses of 5–20% from the basin by mid-21st century due to human-induced climate change. Recent work has shown that decreased snow albedo from anthropogenic dust loading to the CO mountains shortens the duration of snow cover by several weeks relative to conditions prior to western expansion of the US in the mid-1800s, and advances peak runoff at Lees Ferry, Arizona, by an average of 3 weeks. Increases in evapotranspiration from earlier exposure of soils and germination of plants have been estimated to decrease annual runoff by more than 1.0 billion cubic meters, or ~5% of the annual average. This prior work was based on observed dust loadings during 2005–2008; however, 2009 and 2010 saw unprecedented levels of dust loading on snowpacks in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB), being on the order of 5 times the 2005–2008 loading. Building on our prior work, we developed a new snow albedo decay parameterization based on observations in 2009/10 to mimic the radiative forcing of extreme dust deposition. We convolve low, moderate, and extreme dust/snow albedos with both historic climate forcing and two future climate scenarios via a delta method perturbation of historic records. Compared to moderate dust, extreme dust absorbs 2× to 4× the solar radiation, and shifts peak snowmelt an additional 3 weeks earlier to a total of 6 weeks earlier than pre-disturbance. The extreme dust scenario reduces annual flow volume an additional 1% (6% compared to pre-disturbance), a smaller difference than from low to moderate dust scenarios due to melt season shifting into a season of lower evaporative demand. The sensitivity of flow timing to dust radiative forcing of snow albedo is maintained under future climate scenarios, but the sensitivity of flow volume reductions decreases with increased climate forcing. These results have implications for water management and suggest that dust abatement efforts could be an important component of any climate adaptation strategies in the UCRB.

","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/hess-17-4401-2013","usgsCitation":"Deems, J.S., Painter, T.H., Barsugli, J.J., Belnap, J., and Udall, B., 2013, Combined impacts of current and future dust deposition and regional warming on Colorado River Basin snow dynamics and hydrology: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 17, p. 4401-4413, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4401-2013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"4401","endPage":"4413","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051183","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473424,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4401-2013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287310,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.69937133789062,\n 36.730079507078415\n ],\n [\n -111.68083190917969,\n 36.730079507078415\n ],\n [\n -111.64581298828125,\n 36.72677751526221\n ],\n [\n -111.4068603515625,\n 36.67723060234619\n ],\n [\n -111.181640625,\n 36.54936246839778\n ],\n [\n -110.45654296875,\n 36.46105407505434\n ],\n [\n -109.8687744140625,\n 35.991340960635405\n ],\n [\n -109.5062255859375,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -109.21508789062499,\n 35.48751102385376\n ],\n [\n -108.907470703125,\n 35.34425514918409\n ],\n [\n -107.5286865234375,\n 35.290468565908775\n ],\n [\n -107.2760009765625,\n 35.28150065789119\n ],\n [\n -107.215576171875,\n 35.31736632923788\n ],\n [\n -107.13317871093749,\n 35.460669951495305\n ],\n [\n -106.9793701171875,\n 35.62604706595698\n ],\n [\n -106.94091796875,\n 35.817813158696616\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 36.26199220445664\n ],\n [\n -106.842041015625,\n 36.67723060234619\n ],\n [\n -106.864013671875,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -107.0068359375,\n 37.21283151445594\n ],\n [\n -107.33642578124999,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -107.545166015625,\n 37.55328764595765\n ],\n [\n -107.666015625,\n 37.74465712069939\n ],\n [\n -107.42431640625,\n 37.84883250647402\n ],\n [\n -107.07275390625,\n 37.90953361677018\n ],\n [\n -106.6552734375,\n 38.004819966413194\n ],\n [\n -106.666259765625,\n 38.33303882235456\n ],\n [\n -106.69921875,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -106.435546875,\n 39.40224434029275\n ],\n [\n -105.9521484375,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -105.908203125,\n 40.34654412118006\n ],\n [\n -105.99609375,\n 40.613952441166596\n ],\n [\n -106.435546875,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -106.69921875,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -107.57812499999999,\n 42.65012181368025\n ],\n [\n -108.10546875,\n 42.84375132629023\n ],\n [\n -108.8525390625,\n 43.13306116240612\n ],\n [\n -109.423828125,\n 43.197167282501276\n ],\n [\n -109.77539062499999,\n 43.42100882994726\n ],\n [\n -109.9072265625,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -110.3466796875,\n 43.83452678223682\n ],\n [\n -110.61035156249999,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -110.74218749999999,\n 43.13306116240612\n ],\n [\n -110.8740234375,\n 42.19596877629178\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 41.19518982948959\n ],\n [\n -111.181640625,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -111.37939453125,\n 40.94671366508002\n ],\n [\n -111.533203125,\n 40.613952441166596\n ],\n [\n -111.73095703125,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -111.884765625,\n 39.8928799002948\n ],\n [\n -111.97265625,\n 39.33429742980725\n ],\n [\n -112.2802734375,\n 39.11301365149975\n ],\n [\n -112.43408203124999,\n 38.856820134743636\n ],\n [\n -112.60986328125,\n 38.59970036588819\n ],\n [\n -112.60986328125,\n 38.376115424036016\n ],\n [\n -112.67578124999999,\n 38.22091976683121\n ],\n [\n -112.8955078125,\n 37.87485339352928\n ],\n [\n -113.02734374999999,\n 37.579412513438385\n ],\n [\n -113.02734374999999,\n 37.26530995561875\n ],\n [\n -112.9833984375,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -112.67578124999999,\n 36.756490329505155\n ],\n [\n -112.34619140625,\n 36.5978891330702\n ],\n [\n -111.97265625,\n 36.56260003738548\n ],\n [\n -111.69937133789062,\n 36.730079507078415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537c7962e4b00e1e1a484841","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deems, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":83032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deems","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Painter, Thomas H.","contributorId":12378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barsugli, Joseph J.","contributorId":103587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barsugli","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Udall, Bradley","contributorId":87862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udall","given":"Bradley","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70137270,"text":"70137270 - 2013 - Genetic diversity and mutation of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (Newcastle disease virus) in wild birds and evidence for intercontinental spread","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-16T21:30:19","indexId":"70137270","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":892,"text":"Archives of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic diversity and mutation of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (Newcastle disease virus) in wild birds and evidence for intercontinental spread","docAbstract":"

Avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1), or Newcastle disease virus, is the causative agent of Newcastle disease, one of the most economically important diseases for poultry production worldwide and a cause of periodic epizootics in wild birds in North America. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of APMV-1 isolated from migratory birds sampled in Alaska, Japan, and Russia and assessed the evidence for intercontinental virus spread using phylogenetic methods. Additionally, we predicted viral virulence using deduced amino acid residues for the fusion protein cleavage site and estimated mutation rates for the fusion gene of class I and class II migratory bird isolates. All 73 isolates sequenced as part of this study were most closely related to virus genotypes previously reported for wild birds; however, five class II genotype I isolates formed a monophyletic clade exhibiting previously unreported genetic diversity, which met criteria for the designation of a new sub-genotype. Phylogenetic analysis of wild-bird isolates provided evidence for intercontinental virus spread, specifically viral lineages of APMV-1 class II genotype I sub-genotypes Ib and Ic. This result supports migratory bird movement as a possible mechanism for the redistribution of APMV-1. None of the predicted deduced amino acid motifs for the fusion protein cleavage site of APMV-1 strains isolated from migratory birds in Alaska, Japan, and Russia were consistent with those of previously identified virulent viruses. These data therefore provide no support for these strains contributing to the emergence of avian pathogens. The estimated mutation rates for fusion genes of class I and class II wild-bird isolates were faster than those reported previously for non-virulent APMV-1 strains. Collectively, these findings provide new insight into the diversity, spread, and evolution of APMV-1 in wild birds.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Union of Microbiological Societies","publisherLocation":"Wien","doi":"10.1007/s00705-013-1761-0","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Reeves, A.B., Ogawa, H., Ip, S., Imai, K., Bui, V.N., Yamaguchi, E., Silko, N.Y., and Afonso, C., 2013, Genetic diversity and mutation of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (Newcastle disease virus) in wild birds and evidence for intercontinental spread: Archives of Virology, v. 158, no. 12, p. 2495-2503, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-013-1761-0.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2495","endPage":"2503","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045479","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297060,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"158","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ba6e4b08de9379b3457","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeves, Andrew B. 0000-0002-7526-0726 areeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-0726","contributorId":167362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Andrew","email":"areeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ogawa, Haruko","contributorId":138522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ogawa","given":"Haruko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Imai, Kunitoshi","contributorId":138523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Imai","given":"Kunitoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bui, V. N.","contributorId":138558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bui","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yamaguchi, Emi","contributorId":138525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yamaguchi","given":"Emi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Silko, N. Y.","contributorId":138559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silko","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Afonso, C.L.","contributorId":42066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afonso","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70058459,"text":"70058459 - 2013 - A review on cylindrospermopsin: the global occurrence, detection, toxicity and degradation of a potent cyanotoxin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-06T09:06:10","indexId":"70058459","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T08:59:21","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1566,"text":"Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review on cylindrospermopsin: the global occurrence, detection, toxicity and degradation of a potent cyanotoxin","docAbstract":"Cylindrospermopsin is an important cyanobacterial toxin found in water bodies worldwide. The ever-increasing and global occurrence of massive and prolonged blooms of cylindrospermopsin-producing cyanobacteria poses a potential threat to both human and ecosystem health. Its toxicity is associated with metabolic activation and may involve mechanisms that adversely affect a wide variety of targets in an organism. Cylindrospermopsin has been shown to be cytotoxic, dermatotoxic, genotoxic, hepatotoxic in vivo, developmentally toxic, and may be carcinogenic. Human exposure may occur through drinking water, during recreational activities and by consuming foods in which the toxin may have bioaccumulated. Drinking water shortages of sufficient quality coupled with growing human pressures and climate variability and change necessitate an integrated and sustainable water management program. This review presents an overview of the importance of cylindrospermopsin, its detection, toxicity, worldwide distribution, and lastly, its chemical and biological degradation and removal by natural processes and drinking water treatment processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"RSC","doi":"10.1039/C3EM00353A","usgsCitation":"de la Cruz, A.A., Hiskia, A., Kaloudis, T., Chernoff, N., Hill, D., Antoniou, M.G., He, X., Loftin, K., O’Shea, K., Zhao, C., Pelaez, M., Han, C., Lynch, T.J., and Dionysiou, D.D., 2013, A review on cylindrospermopsin: the global occurrence, detection, toxicity and degradation of a potent cyanotoxin: Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts, v. 15, no. 11, p. 1979-2003, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3EM00353A.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1979","endPage":"2003","ipdsId":"IP-051190","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280196,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3EM00353A"}],"country":"United States","volume":"15","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a63fc5e4b0a6d6958821c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"de la Cruz, Armah A.","contributorId":8374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de la Cruz","given":"Armah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hiskia, Anastasia","contributorId":69054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiskia","given":"Anastasia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaloudis, Triantafyllos","contributorId":104804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaloudis","given":"Triantafyllos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chernoff, Neil","contributorId":25859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chernoff","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, Donna","contributorId":82213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Donna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Antoniou, Maria G.","contributorId":59341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antoniou","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"He, Xuexiang","contributorId":66593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Xuexiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Loftin, Keith","contributorId":107604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"O’Shea, Kevin","contributorId":37245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Shea","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Zhao, Cen","contributorId":8375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Cen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pelaez, Miguel","contributorId":98209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pelaez","given":"Miguel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Han, Changseok","contributorId":97418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Han","given":"Changseok","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lynch, Trevor J.","contributorId":13530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Dionysiou, Dionysios D.","contributorId":12772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dionysiou","given":"Dionysios","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70104616,"text":"70104616 - 2013 - The significance of ultra-refracted surface gravity waves on sheltered coasts, with application to San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:43:47","indexId":"70104616","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T08:19:30","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The significance of ultra-refracted surface gravity waves on sheltered coasts, with application to San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Ocean surface gravity waves propagating over shallow bathymetry undergo spatial modification of propagation direction and energy density, commonly due to refraction and shoaling. If the bathymetric variations are significant the waves can undergo changes in their direction of propagation (relative to deepwater) greater than 90° over relatively short spatial scales. We refer to this phenomenon as ultra-refraction. Ultra-refracted swell waves can have a powerful influence on coastal areas that otherwise appear to be sheltered from ocean waves. Through a numerical modeling investigation it is shown that San Francisco Bay, one of the earth's largest and most protected natural harbors, is vulnerable to ultra-refracted ocean waves, particularly southwest incident swell. The flux of wave energy into San Francisco Bay results from wave transformation due to the bathymetry and orientation of the large ebb tidal delta, and deep, narrow channel through the Golden Gate. For example, ultra-refracted swell waves play a critical role in the intermittent closure of the entrance to Crissy Field Marsh, a small restored tidal wetland located on the sheltered north-facing coast approximately 1.5 km east of the Golden Gate Bridge.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.022","usgsCitation":"Hanes, D., and Erikson, L.H., 2013, The significance of ultra-refracted surface gravity waves on sheltered coasts, with application to San Francisco Bay: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 133, p. 129-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.08.022.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"136","ipdsId":"IP-050810","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","volume":"133","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5377180ce4b02eab8669efe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erikson, L. H.","contributorId":21366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70145955,"text":"70145955 - 2013 - Petrologic, tectonic, and metallogenic evolution of the southern segment of the ancestral Cascades magmatic arc, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-10T15:41:10","indexId":"70145955","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T04:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrologic, tectonic, and metallogenic evolution of the southern segment of the ancestral Cascades magmatic arc, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"

Ongoing arc magmatism along western North America was preceded by ancestral arc magmatism that began ca. 45 Ma and evolved into modern arc volcanism. The southern ancestral arc segment, active from ca. 30 to 3 Ma, adjoins the northern segment in northern California across a proposed subducted slab tear. The east edge of the Walker Lane approximates the east edge of the southern arc whose products, mostly erupted from stratovolcanoes and lava dome complexes arrayed along the crest of the ancestral arc, extend down the west flank of the Sierra Nevada. Southern arc segment rocks include potassic, calc-alkaline intermediate- to silicic-composition lava flows, lava dome complexes, and associated volcaniclastic deposits.

\n

Northern and southern segment rocks are similar to other convergent-margin magmatic arc rocks but are compositionally distinct from each other. Southern segment rocks have lower TiO2, FeO*, CaO, and Na2O contents and higher K2O contents, and exhibit less compositional-temporal variation. Compositional distinctions between the northern and southern segment rocks reflect the composition and thickness of the crust beneath which the associated magma systems were sourced. Northern segment rock compositions are consistent with generation beneath thin, primitive crust, whereas southern segment rocks represent magmas generated and fractionated beneath thicker, more evolved crust.

\n

Although rocks in the two arc segments have similar metal abundances, they are metallogenically distinct. Small porphyry copper deposits are characteristic of the northern segment whereas significant epithermal precious metal deposits are most commonly associated with the southern segment. These metallogenic differences are also fundamentally linked to the tectonic settings and crustal regimes within which these two arc segments evolved.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00944.1","usgsCitation":"du Bray, E.A., John, D.A., and Cousens, B., 2013, Petrologic, tectonic, and metallogenic evolution of the southern segment of the ancestral Cascades magmatic arc, California and Nevada: Geosphere, v. 10, no. 1, p. 1-39, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00944.1.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"39","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044845","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473425,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00944.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299593,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.65087890624999,\n 36.43896124085945\n ],\n [\n -124.65087890624999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -115.42236328124999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -115.42236328124999,\n 36.43896124085945\n ],\n [\n -124.65087890624999,\n 36.43896124085945\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5528f44ee4b026915857cb2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"du Bray, Edward A. 0000-0002-4383-8394 edubray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-8394","contributorId":755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"du Bray","given":"Edward","email":"edubray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cousens, Brian L.","contributorId":84038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cousens","given":"Brian L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148691,"text":"70148691 - 2013 - Differences in extreme low salinity timing and duration differentially affect eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) size class growth and mortality in Breton Sound, LA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-31T11:05:11","indexId":"70148691","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in extreme low salinity timing and duration differentially affect eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) size class growth and mortality in Breton Sound, LA","docAbstract":"

Understanding how different life history stages are impacted by extreme or stochastic environmental variation is critical for predicting and modeling organism population dynamics. This project examined recruitment, growth, and mortality of seed (25–75 mm) and market (>75 mm) sized oysters along a salinity gradient over two years in Breton Sound, LA. In April 2010, management responses to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill resulted in extreme low salinity (<5) at all sites through August 2010; in 2011, a 100-year Mississippi River flood event resulted in low salinity in late spring. Extended low salinity (<5) during hot summer months (>25 °C) significantly and negatively impacted oyster recruitment, survival and growth in 2010, while low salinity (<5) for a shorter period that did not extend into July (<25 °C) in 2011 had minimal impacts on oyster growth and mortality. In 2011, recruitment was limited, which may be due to a combination of low spring time salinities, high 2010 oyster mortality, minimal 2010 recruitment, cumulative effects from 10 years of declining oyster stock in the area, and poor cultch quality. In both 2010 and 2011, Perkinsus marinusinfection prevalence remained low throughout the year at all sites and almost all infection intensities were light. Oyster plasma osmolality failed to match surrounding low salinity waters in 2010, while oysters appeared to osmoconform throughout 2011 indicating that the high mortality in 2010 may be due to extended valve closing and resulting starvation or asphyxiation in response to the combination of low salinity during high temperatures (>25 °C). With increasing management of our freshwater inputs to estuaries combined with predicted climate changes, how extreme events affect different life history stages is key to understanding variation in population demographics of commercially important species and predicting future populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.001","usgsCitation":"LaPeyre, M.K., Eberline, B.S., Soniat, T.M., and La Peyre, J.F., 2013, Differences in extreme low salinity timing and duration differentially affect eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) size class growth and mortality in Breton Sound, LA: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 135, p. 146-157, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.10.001.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"146","endPage":"157","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044031","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Breton Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.65667724609375,\n 29.16415393327805\n ],\n [\n -89.65667724609375,\n 29.776297851831366\n ],\n [\n -88.868408203125,\n 29.776297851831366\n ],\n [\n -88.868408203125,\n 29.16415393327805\n ],\n [\n -89.65667724609375,\n 29.16415393327805\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"135","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55bc9c2ae4b033ef52100f1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaPeyre, Megan K. 0000-0001-9936-2252 mlapeyre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPeyre","given":"Megan","email":"mlapeyre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":549058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eberline, Benjamin S.","contributorId":141241,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eberline","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soniat, Thomas M.","contributorId":11109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soniat","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"La Peyre, Jerome F.","contributorId":34697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Peyre","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188341,"text":"70188341 - 2013 - Next generation of global land cover characterization, mapping, and monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-06T14:38:04","indexId":"70188341","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2027,"text":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Next generation of global land cover characterization, mapping, and monitoring","docAbstract":"

Land cover change is increasingly affecting the biophysics, biogeochemistry, and biogeography of the Earth's surface and the atmosphere, with far-reaching consequences to human well-being. However, our scientific understanding of the distribution and dynamics of land cover and land cover change (LCLCC) is limited. Previous global land cover assessments performed using coarse spatial resolution (300 m–1 km) satellite data did not provide enough thematic detail or change information for global change studies and for resource management. High resolution (∼30 m) land cover characterization and monitoring is needed that permits detection of land change at the scale of most human activity and offers the increased flexibility of environmental model parameterization needed for global change studies. However, there are a number of challenges to overcome before producing such data sets including unavailability of consistent global coverage of satellite data, sheer volume of data, unavailability of timely and accurate training and validation data, difficulties in preparing image mosaics, and high performance computing requirements. Integration of remote sensing and information technology is needed for process automation and high-performance computing needs. Recent developments in these areas have created an opportunity for operational high resolution land cover mapping, and monitoring of the world. Here, we report and discuss these advancements and opportunities in producing the next generations of global land cover characterization, mapping, and monitoring at 30-m spatial resolution primarily in the context of United States, Group on Earth Observations Global 30 m land cover initiative (UGLC).

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jag.2013.03.005","usgsCitation":"Giri, C., Pengra, B., Long, J., and Loveland, T.R., 2013, Next generation of global land cover characterization, mapping, and monitoring: International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, v. 25, p. 30-37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2013.03.005.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"37","ipdsId":"IP-044790","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342164,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5937bf2fe4b0f6c2d0d9c789","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giri, Chandra cgiri@usgs.gov","contributorId":189128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"Chandra","email":"cgiri@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pengra, Bruce 0000-0003-2497-8284 bpengra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2497-8284","contributorId":5132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pengra","given":"Bruce","email":"bpengra@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, J.","contributorId":41993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70191975,"text":"70191975 - 2013 - Developing an outcome-based biodiversity metric in support of the field to market project: Final report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-20T11:55:36","indexId":"70191975","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5602,"text":"Technical Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"334","title":"Developing an outcome-based biodiversity metric in support of the field to market project: Final report","docAbstract":"

Our objective was to create a metric that would calculate the relative impact of common commercial agricultural practices on terrestrial vertebrate richness. We sought to define impacts in fields (including field borders) of the southeastern region’s commercial production of corn, wheat, soy, and cotton. The metric is intended to serve as an educational tool, allowing producers to see how operational decisions made at the field level impact overall vertebrate species richness and to explore decision impacts to targeted species groups (e.g. game, pest, or beneficial species).

Agricultural landscapes are often mistakenly thought to be unsuitable habitat for most species. However, as demonstrated by results reported here, even large-scale, conventional agricultural producers are potentially important partners in biodiversity conservation. Many vertebrate species do inhabit agricultural landscapes, benefitting from the provision of water, food, or shelter within cultivated fields and their immediate borders (e.g., Holland et al. 2012). In the Southeastern US, of the 613 terrestrial vertebrate species modeled by the Southeast Gap Analysis Program (SEGAP) (http://www.basic.ncsu.edu/segap/index.html), 263 utilize row crop and associated agricultural land cover classes as potential habitat (Box 1). While some species may be sensitive to certain operational practices (e.g., tillage, pest management, or field border management practices), others are generally tolerant, and some may benefit either directly or indirectly. For example, field margins and ditches often serve as semi-natural habitats providing foraging resources and shelter for vertebrates and are shown to positively influence species richness and abundance (Billeter et al. 2007; Herzon & Helenius 2008; Marshall & Moonen 2002; Shore et al. 2005; Weibull et al. 2003; Wuczyńskia et al. 2011). Biodiversity responses are, therefore, complex, as an individual species’ responses to agricultural production practices depends on that animal’s resource specialization, mobility, and life history strategies (Jeanneret et al. 2003a, b; Jennings & Pocock 2009).

The knowledge necessary to define the biodiversity contribution of agricultural lands is specialized, dispersed, and nuanced, and thus not readily accessible. Given access to clearly defined biodiversity tradeoffs between alternative agricultural practices, landowners, land managers and farm operators could collectively enhance the conservation and economic value of agricultural landscapes. Therefore, Field to Market: The Keystone Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture and The Nature Conservancy jointly funded a pilot project to develop a biodiversity metric to integrate into Field to Market’s existing sustainability calculator, The Fieldprint Calculator (http://www. fieldtomarket.org/). Field to Market: The Keystone Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture is an alliance among producers, agribusinesses, food companies, and conservation organizations seeking to create sustainable outcomes for agriculture. The Fieldprint Calculator supports the Keystone Alliance’s vision to achieve safe, accessible, and nutritious food, fiber and fuel in thriving ecosystems to meet the needs of 9 billion people in 2050. In support of this same vision, our project provides proof-of-concept for an outcome-based biodiversity metric for Field to Market to quantify biodiversity impacts of commercial row crop production on terrestrial vertebrate richness.

Little research exists examining the impacts of alternative commercial agricultural practices on overall terrestrial biodiversity (McLaughlin & Mineau 1995). Instead, most studies compare organic versus conventional practices (e.g. Freemark & Kirk 2001; Wickramasinghe et al. 2004), and most studies focus on flora, avian, or invertebrate communities (Jeanneret et al. 2003a; Maes et al. 2008; Pollard & Relton 1970). Therefore, we used an expert-knowledge-based approach to develop a metric that predicts expected impacts to shelter and forage resources, individual species, and overall biodiversity (species richness). This approach is modeled after an ecosystems services concept (WRI 2005), except that we examine services (i.e., resources) provided to vertebrate wildlife rather than service provided to the human population. SEGAP predicts species that are potentially present in an area given landscape-scale habitat availability, configuration, and context (e.g., patch size, proximity to resources, connectivity, potential for disturbance). Based on the prediction of species that may be potentially present, the impacts of management decisions within fields and around their borders can be analyzed based on the impact of those practices to the availability of species’ resources. The final metric provides an index of a producer’s relative impact, but perhaps even more importantly, the underlying database allows producers to explore details such as which species are most impacted or how alternative decisions would impact their score. 

","language":"English","publisher":"North Carolina Agricultral Research Service, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University","usgsCitation":"Drew, C.A., Alexander-Vaughn, L.B., Collazo, J., McKerrow, A., and Anderson, J., 2013, Developing an outcome-based biodiversity metric in support of the field to market project: Final report: Technical Bulletin 334, 28 p.","productDescription":"28 p.","ipdsId":"IP-046155","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38315,"text":"GAP Analysis Project","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350595,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.basic.ncsu.edu/eda/downloads/BiodiversityReport_Text.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6afac9e4b06e28e9c9a91e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drew, C. Ashton","contributorId":140953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drew","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ashton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander-Vaughn, Louise B.","contributorId":199257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander-Vaughn","given":"Louise","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744 jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":173448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime A.","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":713802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKerrow, Alexa 0000-0002-8312-2905 amckerrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8312-2905","contributorId":127753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKerrow","given":"Alexa","email":"amckerrow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, John","contributorId":8763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176596,"text":"70176596 - 2013 - Net primary productivity of subalpine meadows in Yosemite National Park in relation to climate variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T13:09:25","indexId":"70176596","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Net primary productivity of subalpine meadows in Yosemite National Park in relation to climate variability","docAbstract":"

Subalpine meadows are some of the most ecologically important components of mountain landscapes, and primary productivity is important to the maintenance of meadow functions. Understanding how changes in primary productivity are associated with variability in moisture and temperature will become increasingly important with current and anticipated changes in climate. Our objective was to describe patterns and variability in aboveground live vascular plant biomass in relation to climatic factors. We harvested aboveground biomass at peak growth from four 64-m2 plots each in xeric, mesic, and hydric meadows annually from 1994 to 2000. Data from nearby weather stations provided independent variables of spring snow water content, snow-free date, and thawing degree days for a cumulative index of available energy. We assembled these climatic variables into a set of mixed effects analysis of covariance models to evaluate their relationships with annual aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), and we used an information theoretic approach to compare the quality of fit among candidate models. ANPP in the xeric meadow was negatively related to snow water content and thawing degree days and in the mesic meadow was negatively related to snow water content. Relationships between ANPP and these 2 covariates in the hydric meadow were not significant. Increasing snow water content may limit ANPP in these meadows if anaerobic conditions delay microbial activity and nutrient availability. Increased thawing degree days may limit ANPP in xeric meadows by prematurely depleting soil moisture. Large within-year variation of ANPP in the hydric meadow limited sensitivity to the climatic variables. These relationships suggest that, under projected warmer and drier conditions, ANPP will increase in mesic meadows but remain unchanged in xeric meadows because declines associated with increased temperatures would offset the increases from decreased snow water content.

","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/064.073.0410","usgsCitation":"Moore, P.E., Van Wagtendonk, J.W., Yee, J.L., McClaran, M.P., Cole, D.N., McDougald, N.K., and Brooks, M.L., 2013, Net primary productivity of subalpine meadows in Yosemite National Park in relation to climate variability: Western North American Naturalist, v. 73, no. 4, p. 409-418, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.073.0410.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"409","endPage":"418","ipdsId":"IP-042537","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol73/iss4/2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":328860,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f1a9e4b0bc0bec09feea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Peggy E. 0000-0002-8481-2617 peggy_moore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8481-2617","contributorId":3365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Peggy","email":"peggy_moore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Wagtendonk, Jan W. jan_van_wagtendonk@usgs.gov","contributorId":2648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Wagtendonk","given":"Jan","email":"jan_van_wagtendonk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yee, Julie L. 0000-0003-1782-157X julie_yee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-157X","contributorId":3246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"Julie","email":"julie_yee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McClaran, Mitchel P.","contributorId":15453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClaran","given":"Mitchel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cole, David N.","contributorId":40086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McDougald, Neil K.","contributorId":139339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDougald","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":12739,"text":"UC Cooperative Extension, Madera, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70193754,"text":"70193754 - 2013 - A small-diameter NMR logging tool for groundwater investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T15:49:57","indexId":"70193754","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A small-diameter NMR logging tool for groundwater investigations","docAbstract":"

A small-diameter nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging tool has been developed and field tested at various sites in the United States and Australia. A novel design approach has produced relatively inexpensive, small-diameter probes that can be run in open or PVC-cased boreholes as small as 2 inches in diameter. The complete system, including surface electronics and various downhole probes, has been successfully tested in small-diameter monitoring wells in a range of hydrogeological settings. A variant of the probe that can be deployed by a direct-push machine has also been developed and tested in the field. The new NMR logging tool provides reliable, direct, and high-resolution information that is of importance for groundwater studies. Specifically, the technology provides direct measurement of total water content (total porosity in the saturated zone or moisture content in the unsaturated zone), and estimates of relative pore-size distribution (bound vs. mobile water content) and hydraulic conductivity. The NMR measurements show good agreement with ancillary data from lithologic logs, geophysical logs, and hydrogeologic measurements, and provide valuable information for groundwater investigations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12024","usgsCitation":"Walsh, D., Turner, P., Grunewald, E., Zhang, H., Butler, J.J., Reboulet, E., Knobbe, S., Christy, T., Lane, J.W., Johnson, C.D., Munday, T., and Fitzpatrick, A., 2013, A small-diameter NMR logging tool for groundwater investigations: Groundwater, v. 51, no. 6, p. 914-926, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12024.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"914","endPage":"926","ipdsId":"IP-042692","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349081,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61029ce4b06e28e9c25470","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsh, David","contributorId":27770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Peter","contributorId":199861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grunewald, Elliot","contributorId":193963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grunewald","given":"Elliot","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Hong","contributorId":199859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Hong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Butler, James J. Jr.","contributorId":199860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reboulet, Ed","contributorId":40047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reboulet","given":"Ed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Knobbe, Steve","contributorId":44767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knobbe","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Christy, Tom","contributorId":200580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christy","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. jwlane@usgs.gov","contributorId":1738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":722702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Munday, Tim","contributorId":200581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munday","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Andrew","contributorId":200582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70173504,"text":"70173504 - 2013 - Evidence of Hybridization between Common Gartersnakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) and Butler’s Gartersnakes (Thamnophis butleri) in Wisconsin (USA).","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-16T16:43:33","indexId":"70173504","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of Hybridization between Common Gartersnakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) and Butler’s Gartersnakes (Thamnophis butleri) in Wisconsin (USA).","docAbstract":"

Snakes within the genus Thamnophis (Gartersnakes and Ribbonsnakes) are often found in sympatry throughout their geographic distributions. Past work has indicated that some sympatric species within this genus may hybridize, but research of this nature is limited. We attempted to determine whether hybridization occurs between two Thamnophis species native to the upper midwestern United States: Common Gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis) and the Butler's Gartersnake (Thamnophis butleri). We sampled snakes (n = 411) across 26 locations in Wisconsin, including sites where both species coexist and sites where only Common Gartersnakes are found. We conducted genetic analyses on tissue collected from individuals field-identified as Common Gartersnakes or Butler's Gartersnakes. To verify the results of our field-collected data, we analyzed tissues from juvenile snakes (n = 4) suspected to be the offspring of a Common Gartersnake and a Butler's Gartersnake that were housed together in a captive situation. Of the field-collected snakes analyzed, eight snakes were consistent with expected Common × Butler's Gartersnake hybrids. All four of the captive offspring analyzed resolved as putative hybrids, corresponding with our field-collected samples. Butler's Gartersnake is a globally rare species, endemic only to the upper midwestern United States. Studies involving the potential for hybridization between common and uncommon species are useful from a conservation perspective. The low incidence of hybridization we observed would indicate that hybridization between these species is uncommon. Further research investigating rates of hybridization would help assess any potential threat posed by outbreeding between common and rare gartersnakes in this region of the United States.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","publisherLocation":"Riverside, CA","doi":"10.1670/12-057","usgsCitation":"Joshua M. Kapfer, Sloss, B.L., Gregor W. Schuurman, Paloski, R.A., and Jeffrey M. Lorch, 2013, Evidence of Hybridization between Common Gartersnakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) and Butler’s Gartersnakes (Thamnophis butleri) in Wisconsin (USA).: Journal of Herpetology, v. 47, no. 3, p. 400-405, https://doi.org/10.1670/12-057.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"400","endPage":"405","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034453","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-90.403306,47.026693],[-90.411972,47.014958],[-90.425351,47.007526],[-90.464079,46.994636],[-90.465465,47.002593],[-90.457688,47.012484],[-90.4553,47.02375],[-90.455502,47.051331],[-90.449572,47.064965],[-90.438734,47.072557],[-90.417272,47.07757],[-90.395367,47.077175],[-90.393342,47.066204],[-90.403306,47.026693]]],[[[-90.730883,46.873096],[-90.677989,46.897527],[-90.667776,46.890037],[-90.675239,46.881029],[-90.718547,46.864531],[-90.745356,46.83566],[-90.756052,46.830595],[-90.760991,46.838277],[-90.749816,46.861806],[-90.730883,46.873096]]],[[[-90.764857,46.946524],[-90.741417,46.9636],[-90.71511,46.957332],[-90.694487,46.93671],[-90.689302,46.918563],[-90.737107,46.914712],[-90.764857,46.946524]]],[[[-90.568938,46.847391],[-90.58505,46.839789],[-90.613569,46.837958],[-90.673838,46.819684],[-90.683356,46.813275],[-90.685753,46.805003],[-90.652916,46.797755],[-90.65892,46.7885],[-90.696465,46.78204],[-90.716456,46.785418],[-90.7625,46.755547],[-90.787751,46.753301],[-90.783086,46.772939],[-90.790965,46.781373],[-90.790231,46.786103],[-90.733231,46.800183],[-90.720932,46.815897],[-90.656946,46.843476],[-90.622048,46.872872],[-90.602619,46.872715],[-90.568938,46.847391]]],[[[-90.572383,46.958835],[-90.528182,46.968396],[-90.508157,46.956836],[-90.524018,46.935714],[-90.539947,46.92785],[-90.543852,46.918289],[-90.549104,46.915461],[-90.569169,46.920309],[-90.637124,46.906724],[-90.64412,46.908373],[-90.654796,46.919249],[-90.634507,46.942944],[-90.572383,46.958835]]],[[[-87.335299,45.211327],[-87.331962,45.199251],[-87.33622,45.173174],[-87.327284,45.157363],[-87.376777,45.177298],[-87.375403,45.199296],[-87.335299,45.211327]]],[[[-90.962901,46.962028],[-90.980316,46.971578],[-90.98222,46.985417],[-90.949383,46.991208],[-90.939866,47.001321],[-90.928563,47.000726],[-90.923764,46.987928],[-90.932132,46.962655],[-90.962901,46.962028]]],[[[-90.757147,47.03372],[-90.688544,47.043347],[-90.643623,47.041177],[-90.608824,47.007558],[-90.560936,47.037013],[-90.544875,47.017383],[-90.552867,46.999686],[-90.609715,46.991208],[-90.634105,46.970983],[-90.671581,46.948973],[-90.712032,46.98526],[-90.767985,47.002327],[-90.776921,47.024324],[-90.757147,47.03372]]],[[[-87.405658,44.860098],[-87.384821,44.865532],[-87.385396,44.889964],[-87.406199,44.90449],[-87.393752,44.933751],[-87.374805,44.956631],[-87.360288,44.987643],[-87.322117,45.034201],[-87.264877,45.081361],[-87.257449,45.121644],[-87.240813,45.137559],[-87.242924,45.149377],[-87.238426,45.166492],[-87.224065,45.174551],[-87.21437,45.165735],[-87.195876,45.163201],[-87.17517,45.173],[-87.163169,45.185331],[-87.13303,45.192843],[-87.119972,45.191103],[-87.122708,45.221786],[-87.109541,45.255397],[-87.078316,45.265723],[-87.071035,45.280355],[-87.057627,45.292838],[-87.0517,45.285888],[-87.043895,45.284767],[-87.017036,45.299254],[-86.994112,45.298061],[-86.97778,45.290684],[-86.970355,45.278455],[-86.984938,45.259036],[-86.983066,45.250764],[-86.973287,45.246381],[-86.985973,45.215872],[-87.002806,45.211773],[-87.00754,45.222127],[-87.032521,45.222274],[-87.040909,45.211535],[-87.045242,45.158798],[-87.030225,45.147382],[-87.03292,45.141963],[-87.045748,45.134987],[-87.054282,45.120074],[-87.049346,45.110122],[-87.048213,45.089124],[-87.057415,45.087472],[-87.064864,45.078427],[-87.079552,45.070783],[-87.081866,45.059103],[-87.090849,45.055465],[-87.121156,45.058311],[-87.139384,45.012565],[-87.163477,45.004913],[-87.189134,44.969078],[-87.188399,44.94856],[-87.17524,44.939753],[-87.1717,44.931476],[-87.204238,44.916819],[-87.215808,44.906744],[-87.217171,44.898013],[-87.206285,44.885928],[-87.204815,44.877199],[-87.267061,44.847025],[-87.282561,44.814729],[-87.304824,44.804603],[-87.313363,44.794237],[-87.320397,44.784963],[-87.319903,44.769672],[-87.353789,44.701915],[-87.401629,44.631191],[-87.437751,44.604559],[-87.467089,44.553557],[-87.483696,44.511354],[-87.490024,44.477224],[-87.498662,44.460686],[-87.506362,44.423804],[-87.517965,44.394356],[-87.517597,44.375696],[-87.533583,44.351111],[-87.545382,44.321385],[-87.541382,44.294018],[-87.508457,44.229755],[-87.507419,44.210803],[-87.512903,44.192808],[-87.51966,44.17987],[-87.53994,44.15969],[-87.563181,44.144195],[-87.603572,44.13039],[-87.6458,44.105222],[-87.654935,44.082552],[-87.656062,44.051919],[-87.683361,44.020139],[-87.695053,43.990715],[-87.69892,43.965936],[-87.71817,43.939498],[-87.735436,43.882219],[-87.728698,43.852524],[-87.726408,43.810454],[-87.700251,43.76735],[-87.702985,43.749695],[-87.709885,43.735795],[-87.702685,43.687596],[-87.789105,43.564844],[-87.797608,43.52731],[-87.793239,43.492783],[-87.807799,43.461136],[-87.855608,43.405441],[-87.872504,43.380178],[-87.882392,43.352099],[-87.889207,43.307652],[-87.901847,43.284117],[-87.911787,43.250406],[-87.896286,43.197108],[-87.881085,43.170609],[-87.900285,43.13731],[-87.900496,43.126],[-87.893185,43.114011],[-87.876084,43.099011],[-87.866487,43.074419],[-87.870184,43.064412],[-87.894813,43.042497],[-87.898184,43.030689],[-87.896157,43.017486],[-87.887789,43.000715],[-87.857182,42.978015],[-87.845181,42.962015],[-87.842786,42.944865],[-87.847745,42.889595],[-87.824,42.836649],[-87.766675,42.784896],[-87.781949,42.74857],[-87.778824,42.728432],[-87.783489,42.705164],[-87.802377,42.676651],[-87.814674,42.64402],[-87.819407,42.617327],[-87.819374,42.60662],[-87.810873,42.58732],[-87.812273,42.52982],[-87.800477,42.49192],[-88.115285,42.496219],[-88.786681,42.491983],[-89.690088,42.505191],[-90.640927,42.508302],[-90.636727,42.518702],[-90.645627,42.5441],[-90.654127,42.5499],[-90.661527,42.567999],[-90.685487,42.589614],[-90.693999,42.614509],[-90.709204,42.636078],[-90.769495,42.651443],[-90.88743,42.67247],[-90.921155,42.685406],[-90.949213,42.685573],[-90.977735,42.696816],[-91.000128,42.716189],[-91.026786,42.724228],[-91.035418,42.73734],[-91.053733,42.738238],[-91.056297,42.747341],[-91.065783,42.753387],[-91.060261,42.761847],[-91.069549,42.769628],[-91.078097,42.806526],[-91.078665,42.827678],[-91.09406,42.830813],[-91.091402,42.84986],[-91.097656,42.859871],[-91.100565,42.883078],[-91.115512,42.894672],[-91.14556,42.90798],[-91.144315,42.926592],[-91.149784,42.940244],[-91.14655,42.963345],[-91.156562,42.978226],[-91.15749,42.991475],[-91.174692,43.038713],[-91.179457,43.067427],[-91.175193,43.103771],[-91.177932,43.128875],[-91.175253,43.134665],[-91.1562,43.142945],[-91.1462,43.152405],[-91.12217,43.197255],[-91.066398,43.239293],[-91.059684,43.248566],[-91.058644,43.257679],[-91.072649,43.262129],[-91.07371,43.274746],[-91.107237,43.313645],[-91.137343,43.329757],[-91.181115,43.345926],[-91.201847,43.349103],[-91.21477,43.365874],[-91.19767,43.395334],[-91.203144,43.419805],[-91.22875,43.445537],[-91.233367,43.455168],[-91.216035,43.481142],[-91.217353,43.512474],[-91.232941,43.523967],[-91.243183,43.540309],[-91.24382,43.54913],[-91.232812,43.564842],[-91.231865,43.581822],[-91.268748,43.615348],[-91.268457,43.627352],[-91.262397,43.64176],[-91.270767,43.65308],[-91.273252,43.666623],[-91.268455,43.709824],[-91.255932,43.729849],[-91.255431,43.744876],[-91.243955,43.773046],[-91.262436,43.792166],[-91.277695,43.837741],[-91.284138,43.847065],[-91.310991,43.867381],[-91.320605,43.888491],[-91.338141,43.897664],[-91.346271,43.910074],[-91.356741,43.916564],[-91.366642,43.937463],[-91.385785,43.954239],[-91.406011,43.963929],[-91.43738,43.999962],[-91.463515,44.009041],[-91.478498,44.00803],[-91.507121,44.01898],[-91.580019,44.026925],[-91.59207,44.031372],[-91.610487,44.04931],[-91.638115,44.063285],[-91.647873,44.064109],[-91.667006,44.086964],[-91.68153,44.0974],[-91.707491,44.103906],[-91.710597,44.12048],[-91.721552,44.130342],[-91.751747,44.134786],[-91.774486,44.147539],[-91.808064,44.159262],[-91.817302,44.164235],[-91.829167,44.17835],[-91.875158,44.200575],[-91.877429,44.212921],[-91.892698,44.231105],[-91.88704,44.251772],[-91.896008,44.262871],[-91.895652,44.273008],[-91.924613,44.291815],[-91.913534,44.311392],[-91.918625,44.322671],[-91.92559,44.333548],[-91.941311,44.340978],[-91.9636,44.362112],[-92.038147,44.388731],[-92.056486,44.402729],[-92.078605,44.404869],[-92.111085,44.413948],[-92.124513,44.422115],[-92.195378,44.433792],[-92.232472,44.445434],[-92.291005,44.485464],[-92.302215,44.500298],[-92.302466,44.516487],[-92.314071,44.538014],[-92.336114,44.554004],[-92.361518,44.558935],[-92.399281,44.558292],[-92.431101,44.565786],[-92.455105,44.561886],[-92.481001,44.568276],[-92.493808,44.566063],[-92.518358,44.575183],[-92.54806,44.567792],[-92.55151,44.571607],[-92.549777,44.58113],[-92.569434,44.603539],[-92.577148,44.605054],[-92.584711,44.599861],[-92.601516,44.612052],[-92.621456,44.615017],[-92.619779,44.634195],[-92.632105,44.649027],[-92.660988,44.660884],[-92.700948,44.693751],[-92.737259,44.717155],[-92.787906,44.737432],[-92.807317,44.750364],[-92.805287,44.768361],[-92.785206,44.792303],[-92.78043,44.812589],[-92.766102,44.834966],[-92.76909,44.861997],[-92.764133,44.875905],[-92.773946,44.889997],[-92.774571,44.898084],[-92.758701,44.908979],[-92.750645,44.937299],[-92.754603,44.955767],[-92.769445,44.97215],[-92.771231,45.001378],[-92.76206,45.02432],[-92.770362,45.033803],[-92.793282,45.047178],[-92.803079,45.060978],[-92.800851,45.069477],[-92.791528,45.079647],[-92.746749,45.107051],[-92.739528,45.116515],[-92.745694,45.123112],[-92.757707,45.155466],[-92.752542,45.171772],[-92.764872,45.182812],[-92.767408,45.190166],[-92.763908,45.204866],[-92.751708,45.218666],[-92.760249,45.2496],[-92.751659,45.26591],[-92.760615,45.278827],[-92.761013,45.289028],[-92.737122,45.300459],[-92.709968,45.321302],[-92.698967,45.336374],[-92.703705,45.35633],[-92.679193,45.37271],[-92.669505,45.389111],[-92.650422,45.398507],[-92.646602,45.441635],[-92.652698,45.454527],[-92.680234,45.464344],[-92.702224,45.493046],[-92.726677,45.514462],[-92.726082,45.541112],[-92.770223,45.566939],[-92.785741,45.567888],[-92.823309,45.560934],[-92.871082,45.567581],[-92.883749,45.575483],[-92.886442,45.598679],[-92.882529,45.610216],[-92.888035,45.624959],[-92.887929,45.639006],[-92.875488,45.689014],[-92.870145,45.696757],[-92.869193,45.717568],[-92.809837,45.744172],[-92.784621,45.764196],[-92.776496,45.790014],[-92.757815,45.806574],[-92.765146,45.830183],[-92.739991,45.846283],[-92.734039,45.868108],[-92.712503,45.891705],[-92.676607,45.90637],[-92.676807,45.91093],[-92.659549,45.922937],[-92.639116,45.924555],[-92.640115,45.932478],[-92.636316,45.934634],[-92.614314,45.934529],[-92.60246,45.940815],[-92.551933,45.951651],[-92.549806,45.967986],[-92.527052,45.983245],[-92.469354,45.973811],[-92.46126,45.979427],[-92.464512,45.985038],[-92.453373,45.992913],[-92.442259,46.016177],[-92.428555,46.024241],[-92.410649,46.027259],[-92.372717,46.014198],[-92.35176,46.015685],[-92.344244,46.02743],[-92.343604,46.040917],[-92.332912,46.062697],[-92.294033,46.074377],[-92.292192,46.666042],[-92.287392,46.667342],[-92.286192,46.660342],[-92.274392,46.657441],[-92.270592,46.650741],[-92.256592,46.658741],[-92.242493,46.649241],[-92.228492,46.652941],[-92.216392,46.649841],[-92.207092,46.651941],[-92.202292,46.655041],[-92.204092,46.666941],[-92.176091,46.686341],[-92.183091,46.695241],[-92.198491,46.696141],[-92.205192,46.698341],[-92.205692,46.702541],[-92.189091,46.717541],[-92.167291,46.719941],[-92.146291,46.71594],[-92.141291,46.72524],[-92.14329,46.73464],[-92.13789,46.73954],[-92.108777,46.749105],[-92.08949,46.74924],[-92.03399,46.708939],[-92.020289,46.704039],[-92.007989,46.705039],[-91.961889,46.682539],[-91.942988,46.679939],[-91.886963,46.690211],[-91.820027,46.690176],[-91.790473,46.694624],[-91.74965,46.709129],[-91.646146,46.734575],[-91.590684,46.754331],[-91.511077,46.757453],[-91.489125,46.766997],[-91.44957,46.773252],[-91.411799,46.78964],[-91.369387,46.793745],[-91.33825,46.817704],[-91.315061,46.826729],[-91.256873,46.836833],[-91.226796,46.86361],[-91.207524,46.865835],[-91.200107,46.854017],[-91.178292,46.844259],[-91.168297,46.844727],[-91.140301,46.873105],[-91.133337,46.870341],[-91.134977,46.859023],[-91.107323,46.857469],[-91.096565,46.86153],[-91.090916,46.88267],[-91.080951,46.883609],[-91.069331,46.878772],[-91.052991,46.881325],[-91.03989,46.88923],[-91.034518,46.903053],[-91.019141,46.911502],[-90.995149,46.917577],[-90.968419,46.94391],[-90.92204,46.931372],[-90.914044,46.933346],[-90.908654,46.941221],[-90.880358,46.957661],[-90.855874,46.962232],[-90.838814,46.957728],[-90.786595,46.927019],[-90.75563,46.899247],[-90.751151,46.887863],[-90.77017,46.876296],[-90.798545,46.823922],[-90.825696,46.803858],[-90.835008,46.790366],[-90.854916,46.788952],[-90.863542,46.780565],[-90.859724,46.774433],[-90.862333,46.768135],[-90.885021,46.756341],[-90.870396,46.723293],[-90.853225,46.70028],[-90.853644,46.694464],[-90.870079,46.679449],[-90.914619,46.659054],[-90.924487,46.625417],[-90.93831,46.608768],[-90.951418,46.600774],[-90.942101,46.588573],[-90.906058,46.58343],[-90.873154,46.601223],[-90.794775,46.624941],[-90.770192,46.636127],[-90.755381,46.646225],[-90.756495,46.664591],[-90.74809,46.669817],[-90.73726,46.692267],[-90.627885,46.623839],[-90.558141,46.586384],[-90.538346,46.581182],[-90.505909,46.589614],[-90.437596,46.561492],[-90.418136,46.566094],[-90.39332,46.532615],[-90.369964,46.540549],[-90.350121,46.537337],[-90.344338,46.552087],[-90.331887,46.553278],[-90.326686,46.54615],[-90.320428,46.546287],[-90.310859,46.539365],[-90.316983,46.517319],[-90.285707,46.518846],[-90.277131,46.524487],[-90.272599,46.521127],[-90.274721,46.515416],[-90.270684,46.508237],[-90.263018,46.502777],[-90.231587,46.509842],[-90.230324,46.501732],[-90.216594,46.501759],[-90.204009,46.478175],[-90.188996,46.469015],[-90.193294,46.463143],[-90.180336,46.456746],[-90.17786,46.440548],[-90.166919,46.439851],[-90.158603,46.422656],[-90.157851,46.409291],[-90.144359,46.390255],[-90.13225,46.381249],[-90.133871,46.371828],[-90.116844,46.355153],[-90.12138,46.338131],[-89.09163,46.138505],[-88.85027,46.040274],[-88.837991,46.030176],[-88.811948,46.021609],[-88.79646,46.023605],[-88.80067,46.030036],[-88.796182,46.033712],[-88.779221,46.031869],[-88.783891,46.020934],[-88.779915,46.015436],[-88.765208,46.022086],[-88.756295,46.020173],[-88.746422,46.025798],[-88.730675,46.026535],[-88.721125,46.022013],[-88.718397,46.013284],[-88.704687,46.018154],[-88.679132,46.013538],[-88.661312,45.988819],[-88.6375,45.98496],[-88.616405,45.9877],[-88.611466,46.003332],[-88.60144,46.017599],[-88.59386,46.015132],[-88.589755,46.005602],[-88.565485,46.015708],[-88.550756,46.012896],[-88.541078,46.013763],[-88.533825,46.020915],[-88.514601,46.019926],[-88.507188,46.0183],[-88.498108,45.99636],[-88.492495,45.992157],[-88.476002,45.992826],[-88.470855,46.001004],[-88.458658,45.999391],[-88.450325,45.990181],[-88.439733,45.990456],[-88.416914,45.975323],[-88.388847,45.982675],[-88.380183,45.991654],[-88.330137,45.965951],[-88.330296,45.956625],[-88.326953,45.955071],[-88.316894,45.960969],[-88.292381,45.951115],[-88.250133,45.963147],[-88.246307,45.962983],[-88.242518,45.950363],[-88.23314,45.947405],[-88.201852,45.945173],[-88.202116,45.949836],[-88.191991,45.95274],[-88.170096,45.93947],[-88.146352,45.935314],[-88.121864,45.92075],[-88.104686,45.922121],[-88.096496,45.917273],[-88.095354,45.913895],[-88.105677,45.904387],[-88.101814,45.883504],[-88.095841,45.880042],[-88.083965,45.881186],[-88.073944,45.875593],[-88.075146,45.864832],[-88.081641,45.865087],[-88.13611,45.819029],[-88.129461,45.809288],[-88.105355,45.800104],[-88.103247,45.791361],[-88.072091,45.780261],[-88.050634,45.780972],[-88.040221,45.789236],[-87.991447,45.795393],[-87.98087,45.776977],[-87.989829,45.772945],[-87.96697,45.764021],[-87.963452,45.75822],[-87.905873,45.759364],[-87.896032,45.752285],[-87.875813,45.753888],[-87.864141,45.745697],[-87.86432,45.737139],[-87.85548,45.726943],[-87.805867,45.706841],[-87.809181,45.700337],[-87.782226,45.683053],[-87.780737,45.675458],[-87.823164,45.662732],[-87.824102,45.647138],[-87.810194,45.638732],[-87.79588,45.618846],[-87.780845,45.614599],[-87.777199,45.588499],[-87.787534,45.581376],[-87.790874,45.564096],[-87.806104,45.562863],[-87.829346,45.568776],[-87.833591,45.562529],[-87.80339,45.538272],[-87.802267,45.514233],[-87.792769,45.499967],[-87.812971,45.4661],[-87.861697,45.434473],[-87.860432,45.423504],[-87.849322,45.403872],[-87.859131,45.398967],[-87.859418,45.388227],[-87.875424,45.379373],[-87.871789,45.373557],[-87.884855,45.362792],[-87.888052,45.354697],[-87.881114,45.351278],[-87.86856,45.360537],[-87.860871,45.351192],[-87.850418,45.347492],[-87.848368,45.340676],[-87.832612,45.352249],[-87.790324,45.353444],[-87.783076,45.349725],[-87.754104,45.349442],[-87.751626,45.354169],[-87.738352,45.358243],[-87.718891,45.377462],[-87.693956,45.389893],[-87.675017,45.382454],[-87.674403,45.378065],[-87.657349,45.368752],[-87.656632,45.358617],[-87.648476,45.352243],[-87.648126,45.339396],[-87.662029,45.326434],[-87.663666,45.318257],[-87.687498,45.298055],[-87.698248,45.281512],[-87.69878,45.26942],[-87.709137,45.260341],[-87.711339,45.239965],[-87.724156,45.233236],[-87.721935,45.228444],[-87.726952,45.218949],[-87.726198,45.209391],[-87.741732,45.198201],[-87.736509,45.173389],[-87.683902,45.144135],[-87.675816,45.135059],[-87.678511,45.131204],[-87.672447,45.121294],[-87.661296,45.112566],[-87.661211,45.108279],[-87.631535,45.106224],[-87.59188,45.094689],[-87.587147,45.089495],[-87.587992,45.085271],[-87.601849,45.082297],[-87.610395,45.075617],[-87.625748,45.045157],[-87.624693,45.014176],[-87.630298,44.976865],[-87.661964,44.973035],[-87.696492,44.974233],[-87.766115,44.965351],[-87.817551,44.951986],[-87.837647,44.933091],[-87.844299,44.918524],[-87.827751,44.891229],[-87.832764,44.880939],[-87.852789,44.86486],[-87.865898,44.840988],[-87.878218,44.839016],[-87.899787,44.828051],[-87.941453,44.75608],[-87.964714,44.74357],[-87.983065,44.72073],[-87.990081,44.669791],[-88.002085,44.664035],[-88.009766,44.637081],[-87.998836,44.609523],[-88.001943,44.603909],[-88.012395,44.602438],[-88.027103,44.578992],[-88.039092,44.574324],[-88.042261,44.567344],[-88.005518,44.539216],[-87.970702,44.530292],[-87.943801,44.529693],[-87.929001,44.535993],[-87.901206,44.568887],[-87.899368,44.573043],[-87.903689,44.581317],[-87.901179,44.584545],[-87.867941,44.607606],[-87.809076,44.636189],[-87.77516,44.639281],[-87.756048,44.649117],[-87.748409,44.667122],[-87.71978,44.693246],[-87.720312,44.725073],[-87.610063,44.838384],[-87.581635,44.851638],[-87.550288,44.85129],[-87.530999,44.857437],[-87.515142,44.869596],[-87.502431,44.864619],[-87.478489,44.863572],[-87.437084,44.892718],[-87.421007,44.887869],[-87.419951,44.87594],[-87.405658,44.860098]]],[[[-86.880572,45.331467],[-86.895055,45.329035],[-86.899488,45.322588],[-86.896667,45.307275],[-86.899891,45.295185],[-86.925681,45.3242],[-86.95499,45.34128],[-86.956192,45.351179],[-86.946297,45.35869],[-86.95497,45.383194],[-86.943041,45.41525],[-86.934724,45.421123],[-86.928045,45.411273],[-86.917686,45.40789],[-86.892893,45.40898],[-86.877502,45.413981],[-86.862174,45.412151],[-86.853145,45.405547],[-86.830353,45.410852],[-86.828731,45.428461],[-86.810055,45.422619],[-86.805415,45.407324],[-86.824383,45.406135],[-86.841432,45.389601],[-86.853103,45.370861],[-86.863367,45.365],[-86.869031,45.333244],[-86.880572,45.331467]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Wisconsin\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"47","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5763cdb5e4b07657d19ba770","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joshua M. Kapfer","contributorId":171367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joshua M. Kapfer","affiliations":[{"id":26878,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Whitewater, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sloss, Brian L. bsloss@usgs.gov","contributorId":702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloss","given":"Brian","email":"bsloss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":637212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gregor W. Schuurman","contributorId":171366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gregor W. Schuurman","affiliations":[{"id":24833,"text":"Wisconsin DNR, Madison, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paloski, Rori A.","contributorId":171368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paloski","given":"Rori","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24833,"text":"Wisconsin DNR, Madison, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jeffrey M. Lorch","contributorId":150036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jeffrey M. Lorch","affiliations":[{"id":17895,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70159347,"text":"70159347 - 2013 - In situ spectrophotometric measurement of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T15:17:46","indexId":"70159347","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ spectrophotometric measurement of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater","docAbstract":"

Autonomous in situ sensors are needed to document the effects of today’s rapid ocean uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide (e.g., ocean acidification). General environmental conditions (e.g., biofouling, turbidity) and carbon-specific conditions (e.g., wide diel variations) present significant challenges to acquiring long-term measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) with satisfactory accuracy and resolution. SEAS-DIC is a new in situ instrument designed to provide calibrated, high-frequency, long-term measurements of DIC in marine and fresh waters. Sample water is first acidified to convert all DIC to carbon dioxide (CO2). The sample and a known reagent solution are then equilibrated across a gas-permeable membrane. Spectrophotometric measurement of reagent pH can thereby determine the sample DIC over a wide dynamic range, with inherent calibration provided by the pH indicator’s molecular characteristics. Field trials indicate that SEAS-DIC performs well in biofouling and turbid waters, with a DIC accuracy and precision of ∼2 μmol kg–1 and a measurement rate of approximately once per minute. The acidic reagent protects the sensor cell from biofouling, and the gas-permeable membrane excludes particulates from the optical path. This instrument, the first spectrophotometric system capable of automated in situ DIC measurements, positions DIC to become a key parameter for in situ CO2-system characterizations.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es4014807","usgsCitation":"Liua, X., Byrne, R.H., Adornato, L., Yates, K.K., Kaltenbacher, E., Ding, X., and Yang, B., 2013, In situ spectrophotometric measurement of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 47, no. 19, p. 11106-11114, https://doi.org/10.1021/es4014807.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"11106","endPage":"11114","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046307","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310542,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562a08d3e4b011227bf1fd78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liua, Xuewu","contributorId":149368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liua","given":"Xuewu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17720,"text":"College of Marine Science USF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byrne, Robert H.","contributorId":149366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byrne","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":17720,"text":"College of Marine Science USF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adornato, Lori","contributorId":149365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adornato","given":"Lori","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17719,"text":"SRI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yates, Kimberly K. 0000-0001-8764-0358 kyates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8764-0358","contributorId":420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Kimberly","email":"kyates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaltenbacher, Eric","contributorId":149364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaltenbacher","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17719,"text":"SRI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ding, Xiaoling","contributorId":149367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ding","given":"Xiaoling","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17720,"text":"College of Marine Science USF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yang, Bo","contributorId":149369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Bo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13653,"text":"University South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70156252,"text":"70156252 - 2013 - Protocol for monitoring forest-nesting birds in National Park Service parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-08T14:38:10","indexId":"70156252","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NCRN/NRR—2014/749","title":"Protocol for monitoring forest-nesting birds in National Park Service parks","docAbstract":"

These documents detail the protocol for monitoring forest-nesting birds in National Park Service parks in the National Capital Region Network (NCRN). In the first year of sampling, counts of birds should be made at 384 points on the NCRN spatially randomized grid, developed to sample terrestrial resources. Sampling should begin on or about May 20 and continue into early July; on each day the sampling period begins at sunrise and ends five hours later. Each point should be counted twice, once in the first half of the field season and once in the second half, with visits made by different observers, balancing the within-season coverage of points and their spatial coverage by observers, and allowing observer differences to be tested. Three observers, skilled in identifying birds of the region by sight and sound and with previous experience in conducting timed counts of birds, will be needed for this effort. Observers should be randomly assigned to ‘routes’ consisting of eight points, in close proximity and, ideally, in similar habitat, that can be covered in one morning. Counts are 10 minutes in length, subdivided into four 2.5-min intervals. Within each time interval, new birds (i.e., those not already detected) are recorded as within or beyond 50 m of the point, based on where first detected. Binomial distance methods are used to calculate annual estimates of density for species. The data are also amenable to estimation of abundance and detection probability via the removal method. Generalized linear models can be used to assess between-year changes in density estimates or unadjusted count data. This level of sampling is expected to be sufficient to detect a 50% decline in 10 years for approximately 50 bird species, including 14 of 19 species that are priorities for conservation efforts, if analyses are based on unadjusted count data, and for 30 species (6 priority species) if analyses are based on density estimates. The estimates of required sample sizes are based on the mean number of individuals detected per 10 minutes in available data from surveys in three NCRN parks. Once network-wide data from the first year of sampling are available, this and other aspects of the protocol should be re-assessed, and changes made as desired or necessary before the start of the second field season. Thereafter, changes should not be made to the field methods, and sampling should be conducted annually for at least ten years. NCRN staff should keep apprised of new analytical methods developed for analysis of point-count data.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","collaboration":"Murray G. Efford","usgsCitation":"Dawson, D.K., and Efford, M.G., 2013, Protocol for monitoring forest-nesting birds in National Park Service parks, xi, 50 p. .","productDescription":"xi, 50 p. ","ipdsId":"IP-066816","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306801,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/App/Reference/Profile/2206488/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d28baee4b0571647d0f93f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawson, Deanna K. ddawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Deanna","email":"ddawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Efford, Murray G.","contributorId":91616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Efford","given":"Murray","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171525,"text":"70171525 - 2013 - Effect of land cover and use on dry season river runoff, runoff efficiency, and peak storm runoff in the seasonal tropics of Central Panama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T09:54:21","indexId":"70171525","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of land cover and use on dry season river runoff, runoff efficiency, and peak storm runoff in the seasonal tropics of Central Panama","docAbstract":"

A paired catchment methodology was used with more than 3 years of data to test whether forests increase base flow in the dry season, despite reduced annual runoff caused by evapotranspiration (the “sponge-effect hypothesis”), and whether forests reduce maximum runoff rates and totals during storms. The three study catchments were: a 142.3 ha old secondary forest, a 175.6 ha mosaic of mixed age forest, pasture, and subsistence agriculture, and a 35.9 ha actively grazed pasture subcatchment of the mosaic catchment. The two larger catchments are adjacent, with similar morphology, soils, underlying geology, and rainfall. Annual water balances, peak runoff rates, runoff efficiencies, and dry season recessions show significant differences. Dry season runoff from the forested catchment receded more slowly than from the mosaic and pasture catchments. The runoff rate from the forest catchment was 1–50% greater than that from the similarly sized mosaic catchment at the end of the dry season. This observation supports the sponge-effect hypothesis. The pasture and mosaic catchment median runoff efficiencies were 2.7 and 1.8 times that of the forest catchment, respectively, and increased with total storm rainfall. Peak runoff rates from the pasture and mosaic catchments were 1.7 and 1.4 times those of the forest catchment, respectively. The forest catchment produced 35% less total runoff and smaller peak runoff rates during the flood of record in the Panama Canal Watershed. Flood peak reduction and increased streamflows through dry periods are important benefits relevant to watershed management, payment for ecosystem services, water-quality management, reservoir sedimentation, and fresh water security in the Panama Canal watershed and similar tropical landscapes.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2013WR013956","usgsCitation":"Ogden, F.L., Crouch, T.D., Stallard, R.F., and Hall, J.S., 2013, Effect of land cover and use on dry season river runoff, runoff efficiency, and peak storm runoff in the seasonal tropics of Central Panama: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 12, p. 8443-8462, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR013956.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"8443","endPage":"8462","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045298","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013wr013956","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":322082,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Panama","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.15625,\n 8.635334050763124\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 9.546583349757574\n ],\n [\n -79.310302734375,\n 9.546583349757574\n ],\n [\n -79.310302734375,\n 8.635334050763124\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 8.635334050763124\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575158b0e4b053f0edd03c38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ogden, Fred L.","contributorId":169952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ogden","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crouch, Trey D.","contributorId":169953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crouch","given":"Trey","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stallard, Robert F. 0000-0001-8209-7608 stallard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-7608","contributorId":1924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stallard","given":"Robert","email":"stallard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hall, Jefferson S.","contributorId":169939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Jefferson","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":25632,"text":"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187704,"text":"70187704 - 2013 - An approach for characterizing the distribution of shrubland ecosystem components as continuous fields as part of NLCD","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:04:32","indexId":"70187704","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1958,"text":"ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An approach for characterizing the distribution of shrubland ecosystem components as continuous fields as part of NLCD","docAbstract":"

Characterizing and quantifying distributions of shrubland ecosystem components is one of the major challenges for monitoring shrubland vegetation cover change across the United States. A new approach has been developed to quantify shrubland components as fractional products within National Land Cover Database (NLCD). This approach uses remote sensing data and regression tree models to estimate the fractional cover of shrubland ecosystem components. The approach consists of three major steps: field data collection, high resolution estimates of shrubland ecosystem components using WorldView-2 imagery, and coarse resolution estimates of these components across larger areas using Landsat imagery. This research seeks to explore this method to quantify shrubland ecosystem components as continuous fields in regions that contain wide-ranging shrubland ecosystems. Fractional cover of four shrubland ecosystem components, including bare ground, herbaceous, litter, and shrub, as well as shrub heights, were delineated in three ecological regions in Arizona, Florida, and Texas. Results show that estimates for most components have relatively small normalized root mean square errors and significant correlations with validation data in both Arizona and Texas. The distribution patterns of shrub height also show relatively high accuracies in these two areas. The fractional cover estimates of shrubland components, except for litter, are not well represented in the Florida site. The research results suggest that this method provides good potential to effectively characterize shrubland ecosystem conditions over perennial shrubland although it is less effective in transitional shrubland. The fractional cover of shrub components as continuous elements could offer valuable information to quantify biomass and help improve thematic land cover classification in arid and semiarid areas.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.09.009","usgsCitation":"Xian, G.Z., Homer, C.G., Meyer, D., and Granneman, B.J., 2013, An approach for characterizing the distribution of shrubland ecosystem components as continuous fields as part of NLCD: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, v. 86, p. 136-149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.09.009.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"136","endPage":"149","ipdsId":"IP-046020","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341311,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Florida, Texas","volume":"86","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591abe39e4b0a7fdb43c8c01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xian, George Z. 0000-0001-5674-2204 xian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-2204","contributorId":2263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xian","given":"George","email":"xian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, Debbie 0000-0002-8841-697X debbie.meyer.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8841-697X","contributorId":192028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Debbie","email":"debbie.meyer.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Granneman, Brian J. 0000-0002-1910-0955 grann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-0955","contributorId":4209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granneman","given":"Brian","email":"grann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148143,"text":"70148143 - 2013 - Estimating reef fish discard mortality using surface and bottom tagging: effects of hook injury and barotrauma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-27T13:54:35","indexId":"70148143","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating reef fish discard mortality using surface and bottom tagging: effects of hook injury and barotrauma","docAbstract":"

We estimated survival rates of discarded black sea bass (Centropristis striata) in various release conditions using tag–recapture data. Fish were captured with traps and hook and line from waters 29–34 m deep off coastal North Carolina, USA, marked with internal anchor tags, and observed for release condition. Fish tagged on the bottom using SCUBA served as a control group. Relative return rates for trap-caught fish released at the surface versus bottom provided an estimated survival rate of 0.87 (95% credible interval 0.67–1.18) for surface-released fish. Adjusted for results from the underwater tagging experiment, fish with evidence of external barotrauma had a median survival rate of 0.91 (0.69–1.26) compared with 0.36 (0.17–0.67) for fish with hook trauma and 0.16 (0.08–0.30) for floating or presumably dead fish. Applying these condition-specific estimates of survival to non-tagging fishery data, we estimated a discard survival rate of 0.81 (0.62–1.11) for 11 hook and line data sets from waters 20–35 m deep and 0.86 (0.67–1.17) for 10 trap data sets from waters 11–29 m deep. The tag-return approach using a control group with no fishery-associated trauma represents a method to accurately estimate absolute discard survival of physoclistous reef species.

","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2013-0337","usgsCitation":"Rudershausen, P.J., Buckel, J.A., and Hightower, J.E., 2013, Estimating reef fish discard mortality using surface and bottom tagging: effects of hook injury and barotrauma: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 71, no. 4, p. 514-520, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0337.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"514","endPage":"520","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050975","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Onslow Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.969970703125,\n 33.84532650276791\n ],\n [\n -77.991943359375,\n 33.77458136371689\n ],\n [\n -77.90130615234375,\n 33.77229828866843\n ],\n [\n -77.7447509765625,\n 33.747180448149855\n ],\n [\n -77.63763427734375,\n 34.02534773814796\n ],\n [\n -77.51953125,\n 34.19362958613087\n ],\n [\n -77.36572265625,\n 34.29126107845569\n ],\n [\n -77.14874267578124,\n 34.40237742424137\n ],\n [\n -76.98394775390625,\n 34.4793919710481\n ],\n [\n -76.77520751953125,\n 34.49523909266902\n ],\n [\n -76.640625,\n 34.384246040152206\n ],\n [\n -76.387939453125,\n 34.39331222316112\n ],\n [\n -76.3165283203125,\n 34.48392002731984\n ],\n [\n -76.28082275390625,\n 34.57216798051356\n ],\n [\n -76.23687744140625,\n 34.642247047768535\n ],\n [\n -76.4483642578125,\n 34.820567967282706\n ],\n [\n -76.5252685546875,\n 34.72129745316466\n ],\n [\n -76.58843994140625,\n 34.69646117272349\n ],\n [\n -76.7559814453125,\n 34.728069689872285\n ],\n [\n -76.9482421875,\n 34.71903991764788\n ],\n [\n -77.18719482421874,\n 34.65806316573296\n ],\n [\n -77.33001708984375,\n 34.54728700119802\n ],\n [\n -77.53326416015625,\n 34.459012676670085\n ],\n [\n -77.71728515624999,\n 34.30033731925641\n ],\n [\n -77.84637451171875,\n 34.15954545771158\n ],\n [\n -77.92877197265625,\n 33.959308210392024\n ],\n [\n -77.969970703125,\n 33.84532650276791\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566eac4e4b0d9246a9ec2dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rudershausen, Paul J.","contributorId":43669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudershausen","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckel, Jeffrey A.","contributorId":28500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckel","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hightower, Joseph E. jhightower@usgs.gov","contributorId":835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"Joseph","email":"jhightower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70133831,"text":"70133831 - 2013 - The suitability of a simplified isotope-balance approach to quantify transient groundwater-lake interactions over a decade with climatic extremes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-12T15:09:29","indexId":"70133831","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The suitability of a simplified isotope-balance approach to quantify transient groundwater-lake interactions over a decade with climatic extremes","docAbstract":"

Groundwater inflow to a subtropical seepage lake was estimated using a transient isotope-balance approach for a decade (2001–2011) with wet and dry climatic extremes. Lake water δ18O ranged from +0.80 to +3.48 ‰, reflecting the 4 m range in stage. The transient δ18O analysis discerned large differences in semiannual groundwater inflow, and the overall patterns of low and high groundwater inflow were consistent with an independent water budget. Despite simplifying assumptions that the isotopic composition of precipitation (δP), groundwater inflow, and atmospheric moisture (δA) were constant, groundwater inflow was within the water-budget error for 12 of the 19 semiannual calculation periods. The magnitude of inflow was over or under predicted during periods of climatic extreme. During periods of high net precipitation from tropical cyclones and El Niño conditions, δP values were considerably more depleted in 18O than assumed. During an extreme dry period, δA values were likely more enriched in 18O than assumed due to the influence of local lake evaporate. Isotope balance results were most sensitive to uncertainties in relative humidity, evaporation, and δ18O of lake water, which can limit precise quantification of groundwater inflow. Nonetheless, the consistency between isotope-balance and water-budget results indicates that this is a viable approach for lakes in similar settings, allowing the magnitude of groundwater inflow to be estimated over less-than-annual time periods. Because lake-water δ18O is a good indicator of climatic conditions, these data could be useful in ground-truthing paleoclimatic reconstructions using isotopic data from lake cores in similar settings.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.12.012","usgsCitation":"Sacks, L.A., Lee, T.M., and Swancar, A., 2013, The suitability of a simplified isotope-balance approach to quantify transient groundwater-lake interactions over a decade with climatic extremes: Journal of Hydrology, v. 519, no. Part D, p. 3042-3053, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.12.012.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3042","endPage":"3053","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038316","costCenters":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.12.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Lake Starr","volume":"519","issue":"Part D","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546dbf2de4b0fc7976bf1e64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sacks, Laura A.","contributorId":19134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sacks","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Terrie M. tmlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":2461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Terrie","email":"tmlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":525452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swancar, Amy aswancar@usgs.gov","contributorId":450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swancar","given":"Amy","email":"aswancar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187413,"text":"70187413 - 2013 - Using landscape epidemiological models to understand the distribution of chronic wasting disease in the Midwestern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-02T13:38:03","indexId":"70187413","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using landscape epidemiological models to understand the distribution of chronic wasting disease in the Midwestern USA","docAbstract":"

Animal movement across the landscape plays a critical role in the ecology of infectious wildlife diseases. Dispersing animals can spread pathogens between infected areas and naïve populations. While tracking free-ranging animals over the geographic scales relevant to landscape-level disease management is challenging, landscape features that influence gene flow among wildlife populations may also influence the contact rates and disease spread between populations. We used spatial diffusion and barriers to white-tailed deer gene flow, identified through landscape genetics, to model the distribution of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in the infected region of southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois, USA. Our generalized linear model showed that risk of CWD infection declined exponentially with distance from current outbreaks, and inclusion of gene flow barriers dramatically improved fit and predictive power of the model. Our results indicate that CWD is spreading across the Midwestern landscape from these two endemic foci, but spread is strongly influenced by highways and rivers that also reduce deer gene flow. We used our model to plot a risk map, providing important information for CWD management by identifying likely routes of disease spread and providing a tool for prioritizing disease monitoring and containment efforts. The current analysis may serve as a framework for modeling future disease risk drawing on genetic information to investigate barriers to spread and extending management and monitoring beyond currently affected regions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-013-9919-4","usgsCitation":"Robinson, S.J., Samuel, M.D., Rolley, R.E., and Shelton, P., 2013, Using landscape epidemiological models to understand the distribution of chronic wasting disease in the Midwestern USA: Landscape Ecology, v. 28, no. 10, p. 1923-1935, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-013-9919-4.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1923","endPage":"1935","ipdsId":"IP-038493","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59099ab1e4b0fc4e44915816","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Stacie J.","contributorId":172022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Stacie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12508,"text":"Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1710 University Ave., Room 285, Madison, WI 53726, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rolley, Robert E.","contributorId":171376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rolley","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":24833,"text":"Wisconsin DNR, Madison, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shelton, Paul","contributorId":171375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shelton","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26879,"text":"Illinois DNR, Springfield, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}