{"pageNumber":"1457","pageRowStart":"36400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":41014,"records":[{"id":26101,"text":"wri834284 - 1987 - Computation of rapidly varied unsteady, free-surface flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri834284","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4284","title":"Computation of rapidly varied unsteady, free-surface flow","docAbstract":"Many unsteady flows in hydraulics occur with relatively large gradients in free surface profiles. The assumption of hydrostatic pressure distribution with depth is no longer valid. These are rapidly-varied unsteady flows (RVF) of classical hydraulics and also encompass short wave propagation of coastal hydraulics. The purpose of this report is to present an introductory review of the Boussinnesq-type differential equations that describe these flows and to discuss methods for their numerical integration. On variable slopes and for large scale (finite-amplitude) disturbances, three independent derivational methods all gave differences in the motion equation for higher order terms. The importance of these higher-order terms for riverine applications must be determined by numerical experiments. Care must be taken in selection of the appropriate finite-difference scheme to minimize truncation error effects and the possibility of diverging (double mode) numerical solutions. It is recommended that practical hydraulics cases be established and tested numerically to demonstrate the order of differences in solution with those obtained from the long wave equations of St. Venant. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834284","usgsCitation":"Basco, D., 1987, Computation of rapidly varied unsteady, free-surface flow: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4284, xiii, 101 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834284.","productDescription":"xiii, 101 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4284/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54888,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4284/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7e7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Basco, D.R.","contributorId":39826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Basco","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26598,"text":"wri874008 - 1987 - Floods in Kansas and techniques for estimating their magnitude and frequency on unregulated streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:22","indexId":"wri874008","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4008","title":"Floods in Kansas and techniques for estimating their magnitude and frequency on unregulated streams","docAbstract":"Techniques are presented for generalizing the skewness coefficient of log-Pearson Type III distributions of annual maximum discharges and for flood magnitudes that have selected recurrence intervals from 2 to 100 yr. A weighted least-square (WLS) regression model was used to generalize the coefficients of station skewness that resulted in a root-mean-sq error of prediction of 0.35 compared to 0.55 for the skewness map published in Bulletin 17B of the U.S. Water Resources Council. Estimates of generalized skewness were computed for each of 245 streamflow gaging stations with a minimum of 10 years of record and a contributing drainage area of < 20,000 sq mi. The WLS regression model also was used to develop equations for estimating flood magnitude for selected recurrence intervals for ungaged stream locations by using data from 218 of the 245 streamflow gaging stations that had contributing-drainage areas of less than 10,000 sq mi. The errors of prediction of the most reliable WLS equations ranged from 28 to 42%. The WLS equations were compared statistically to previous developed equations and were determined to be different and more accurate than previously published equations. Flood magnitudes and frequencies for 245 streamflow gaging stations, based on data collected through the 1983 water year, are presented along with a summary of the seasonal distribution of annual maximum discharges and an analysis of the maximum observed discharges. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874008","usgsCitation":"Clement, R., 1987, Floods in Kansas and techniques for estimating their magnitude and frequency on unregulated streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4008, iv, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874008.","productDescription":"iv, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4008/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55464,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4008/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48ade4b07f02db52d5a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clement, R.W.","contributorId":11247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clement","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29263,"text":"wri854314 - 1987 - Analysis of sediment production from two small semiarid basins in Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:35","indexId":"wri854314","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4314","title":"Analysis of sediment production from two small semiarid basins in Wyoming","docAbstract":"Data were collected at two small, semiarid basins in Wyoming to determine the relation between rainfall, runoff, and sediment production. The basins were Dugout Creek tributary and Saint Marys Ditch tributary. Sufficient rainfall and runoff data were collected at Dugout Creek tributary to determine the source of sediment and the dominant sediment production processes. Because runoff from only one storm occurred in Saint Marys Ditch tributary, emphasis of the study was placed on the analysis of data collected at Dugout Creek tributary. At Dugout Creek tributary, detailed measurements were made to establish the source of sediment. To determine the quantity of material removed from headcuts during the study, two headcuts were surveyed. Aerial photographs were used to define movement of all headcuts. The total quantity of sediment removed from all headcuts between September 26, 1982, and September 26, 1983, was estimated to be 1,220 tons, or 15%-25% of the estimated total sediment load passing the streamflow-gaging station. A soil plot was used to sample upland erosion. A rainfall and runoff modeling system was used to evaluate the interaction between the physical processes which control sediment production. The greatest change in computed sediment load was caused by changing the parameter values for equations used to compute the detachment of sediment particles by rainfall and overland flow resulted in very small changes in computed sediment load. The upland areas were the primary source of sediment. A relationship was developed between the peak of storm runoff and the total sediment load for that storm runoff. The sediment concentration used to compute the total sediment load for the storm runoff was determined from sediment samples collected by two automatic pumping samplers. The coefficient of variation of the relationship is 34% with a 0.99 correlation coefficient. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854314","usgsCitation":"Rankl, J., 1987, Analysis of sediment production from two small semiarid basins in Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4314, iv, 27 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854314.","productDescription":"iv, 27 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4314/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58115,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4314/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db68018e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rankl, J.G.","contributorId":107733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankl","given":"J.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29745,"text":"wri824010 - 1987 - Ground-water hydrology of the Toppenish Creek basin, Yakima Indian Reservation, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri824010","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-4010","title":"Ground-water hydrology of the Toppenish Creek basin, Yakima Indian Reservation, Washington","docAbstract":"A groundwater flow model was constructed for the Toppenish Creek basin aquifer system in eastern Washington. Flow was simulated in three aquifer units: (1) the confined old valley fill and shallow basalt (unit 2); (2) the underlying primary basalt (unit 3); and (3) the deep basalt (unit 4). Water levels in the overlying unconfined alluvial aquifer (unit 1) were held fixed. Calibrated transmissivities ranged from 0.01 to 0.48 foot squared per second. Calibrated storage coefficients were 0.0004 to 0.006. The confining-bed leakance ranged from 2.0 x 10 to the minus 11th power to 2.5 x 10 to the minus 10th power feet per second per foot. Under steady-state conditions (1954) annual natural recharge was about 29,000 acre-ft underflow from adjacent basins. Annual pumpage increased from less than 500 acre-ft in 1954 to an average of 19,600 acre-ft for 1971 and 1972. Pumpage caused simulated declines in unit 3 of up to 95 ft for 1955-72. Projected annual declines from 1973-77 using 1971-72 pumpage were about 0.5-1.5 ft in unit 2 and 0.2-1.5 ft in unit 3. The corresponding declines from 1978-82 were 0.2-1.2 ft and 0.2-0.8 ft, respectively. Using 1971-72 pumpage plus 12 ,400 acre-ft per year from unit 3, the calculated annual declines from 1978-82 were 1-36 ft in unit 2 and 4-20 ft in unit 3. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri824010","usgsCitation":"Skrivan, J., 1987, Ground-water hydrology of the Toppenish Creek basin, Yakima Indian Reservation, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-4010, vi, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri824010.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4010/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58544,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4010/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6986b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skrivan, J.A.","contributorId":107743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skrivan","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29206,"text":"wri864017 - 1987 - Hydrologic monitoring of selected streams in coal fields of central and southern Utah — Summary of data collected, August 1978-September 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-13T19:40:23.306101","indexId":"wri864017","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4017","title":"Hydrologic monitoring of selected streams in coal fields of central and southern Utah — Summary of data collected, August 1978-September 1984","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a coal-hydrology monitoring program in coal-field areas of central and southern Utah during August 1978-September 1984 to determine possible hydrologic impacts of future mining and to provide a better understanding of the hydrologic systems of the coal resource areas monitored. Data were collected at 19 gaging stations--18 stations in the Price, San Rafael, and Dirty Devil River basins, and 1 in the Kanab Creek Basin. Streamflow data were collected continuously at 11 stations and seasonally at 5 stations. At the other three stations streamflow data were collected continuously during the 1979 water year and then seasonally for the rest of their periods of record. Types of data collected at each station included quantity and quality of streamflow; suspended sediment concentrations; and descriptions of stream bottom sediments, benthic invertebrate, and phytoplankton samples. Also, base flow measurements were made annually upstream from 12 of the gaging stations. Stream bottom sediment sampled at nearly all the monitoring sites contained small to moderate quantities of coal, which may be attributed chiefly to pre-monitoring mining. Streamflow sampled at several sites contained large concentrations of sulfate and dissolved solids. Also, concentrations of various trace elements at 10 stations, and phenols at 18 stations, exceeded the criteria of the EPA for drinking water. This may be attributed to contemporary (water years 1979-84) mine drainage activities. The data collected during the complete water years (1979-84) of monitoring do provide a better understanding of the hydrologic systems of the coal field areas monitored. The data also provide a definite base by which to evaluate hydrologic impacts of continued or increased coal mining in those areas. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864017","usgsCitation":"Price, D., and Plantz, G., 1987, Hydrologic monitoring of selected streams in coal fields of central and southern Utah — Summary of data collected, August 1978-September 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4017, Report: vii, 102 p.; 1 Plate: 22.28 × 23.43 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864017.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 102 p.; 1 Plate: 22.28 × 23.43 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394077,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36487.htm"},{"id":58066,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4017/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124282,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4017/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58065,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4017/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.577,\n              37.198\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.0670,\n              37.198\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.0670,\n              37.541\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.577,\n              37.541\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.577,\n              37.198\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db6064dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Don","contributorId":30608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plantz, G.G.","contributorId":79103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plantz","given":"G.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28384,"text":"wri874104 - 1987 - Comparison of conceptually based and regression rainfall-runoff models, Denver Metropolitan area, Colorado, and potential applications in urban areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri874104","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4104","title":"Comparison of conceptually based and regression rainfall-runoff models, Denver Metropolitan area, Colorado, and potential applications in urban areas","docAbstract":"Multievent, conceptually based models and a single-event, multiple linear-regression model for estimating storm-runoff quantity and quality from urban areas were calibrated and verified for four small (57 to 167 acres) basins in the Denver metropolitan area, Colorado. The basins represented different land-use types - light commercial, single-family housing, and multi-family housing. Both types of models were calibrated using the same data set for each basin. A comparison was made between the storm-runoff volume, peak flow, and storm-runoff loads of seven water quality constituents simulated by each of the models by use of identical verification data sets. The models studied were the U.S. Geological Survey 's Distributed Routing Rainfall-Runoff Model-Version II (DR3M-II) (a runoff-quantity model designed for urban areas), and a multievent urban runoff quality model (DR3M-QUAL). Water quality constituents modeled were chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total lead, total manganese, and total zinc. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874104","usgsCitation":"Lindner-Lunsford, J.B., and Ellis, S.R., 1987, Comparison of conceptually based and regression rainfall-runoff models, Denver Metropolitan area, Colorado, and potential applications in urban areas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4104, iv, 39 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874104.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122821,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4104/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57186,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4104/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae375","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindner-Lunsford, J. B.","contributorId":81938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindner-Lunsford","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, S. R.","contributorId":103278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":38500,"text":"pp1384 - 1987 - Flow model for open-channel reach or network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:20","indexId":"pp1384","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1384","title":"Flow model for open-channel reach or network","docAbstract":"Formulation of a one-dimensional model for simulating unsteady flow in a single open-channel reach or in a network of interconnected channels is presented. The model is both general and flexible in that it can be used to simulate a wide range of flow conditions for various channel configurations. It is based on a four-point (box), implicit, finite-difference approximation of the governing nonlinear flow equations with user-definable weighting coefficients to permit varying the solution scheme from box-centered to fully forward. Unique transformation equations are formulated that permit correlation of the unknowns at the extremities of the channels, thereby reducing coefficient matrix and execution time requirements. Discharges and water-surface elevations computed at intermediate locations within a channel are determined following solution of the transformation equations. The matrix of transformation and boundary-condition equations is solved by Gauss elimination using maximum pivot strategy. Two diverse applications of the model are presented to illustrate its broad utility. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1384","usgsCitation":"Schaffranek, R., 1987, Flow model for open-channel reach or network: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1384, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1384.","productDescription":"11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1384/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65216,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1384/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df252","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaffranek, R.W.","contributorId":61468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffranek","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27784,"text":"wri874137 - 1987 - A diffusion hydrodynamic model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:35","indexId":"wri874137","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4137","title":"A diffusion hydrodynamic model","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874137","usgsCitation":"Hromadka, T., and Yen, C., 1987, A diffusion hydrodynamic model: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4137, xii, 135 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874137.","productDescription":"xii, 135 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4137/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56627,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4137/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af0a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hromadka, T.V.","contributorId":22388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hromadka","given":"T.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yen, Chung-Cheng","contributorId":21561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yen","given":"Chung-Cheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30448,"text":"wri874241 - 1987 - Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T23:01:45.657781","indexId":"wri874241","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4241","title":"Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>As part of the Souris River water-quality assessment, traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration measurements were made during September 1983 on segments of the 186-mile reach of the Sour is River from Lake Darling Dam to the J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge. The primary objective was to determine traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration coefficients during low flow. Streamflow in the reach ranged from 10.5 to 47.0 cubic feet per second during the measurement period.</p><p>On the basis of channel and hydraulic characteristics, the 186-mile reach was subdivided into five subreaches that ranged from 18 to 55 river miles in length. Within each subreach, representative test reaches that ranged from 5.0 to 9.1 river miles in length were selected for tracer injection and sample collection. Standard fluorometric techniques were used to measure traveltime and longitudinal dispersion, and a modified tracer technique that used ethylene and propane gas was used to measure reaeration. Mean test-reach velocities ranged from 0.05 to 0.30 foot per second, longitudinal-dispersion coefficients ranged from 4.2 to 61 square feet per second, and reaeration coefficients based on propane ranged from 0.39 to 1.66 per day.</p><p>Predictive reaeration coefficients obtained from 18 equations (8 semiempirical and 10 empirical) were compared with each measured reaeration coefficient by use of an error-of-estimate analysis. The predictive reaeration coefficients ranged from 0.0008 to 3.4 per day. A semiempirical equation that produced coefficients most similar to the measured coefficients had the smallest absolute error of estimate (0.35). The smallest absolute error of estimate for the empirical equations was 0.41.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874241","usgsCitation":"Wesolowski, E.A., and Nelson, R.A., 1987, Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4241, ix, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874241.","productDescription":"ix, 66 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411539,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46893.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59231,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4241/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119549,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4241/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Darling Dam, Souris River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.0667,\n              50.525\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5903,\n              50.525\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5903,\n              47.7542\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.0667,\n              47.7542\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.0667,\n              50.525\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6487dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wesolowski, E. A.","contributorId":46127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesolowski","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, R. A.","contributorId":96727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27776,"text":"wri864050 - 1987 - Simulation of unsteady flow in the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary at Milwaukee, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T13:13:36","indexId":"wri864050","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4050","title":"Simulation of unsteady flow in the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary at Milwaukee, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes the application and results of an unsteady-flow model for the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary. The model simulates unsteady and upstream flow occurring in the estuary as a result of Lake Michigan Seiche. The discharge computed by the model indicates that upstream flow occurs throughout the estuary during periods of lake seiche. Flow conditions are extremely unsteady and major flow reversals may occur within 1 hr. The simulated discharge indicates that both upstream and downstream flows four times greater than the average daily discharge can occur during the same day. An estimate of 5- or 15-minute average discharge was required during selected runoff events and at various locations in the estuary as part of the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary study. The model provides a method to estimate 5-minute average discharges at selected cross sections in the estuary. The U.S. Geological Survey 's Branch Network Model was used to simulate stage and discharge. A finite difference computation scheme is used to solve the one-dimensional flow equations. Model input requirements include channel geometry data, discharge at the upstream tributaries, and stage data at the estuary mouth. The model was used to simulate the flow during six selected time periods in 1982-84 using a 5- or 15-minute computation interval. (Author 's abstract)</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864050","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission","usgsCitation":"House, L.B., 1987, Simulation of unsteady flow in the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary at Milwaukee, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4050, Report: iv, 19 p.; 1 Plate: 19.00 x 25.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864050.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 19 p.; 1 Plate: 19.00 x 25.00 inches","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56618,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4050/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4050/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56619,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4050/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Milwaukee County","city":"Milwaukee","otherGeospatial":"Milwaukee Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.92015075683594,\n              42.951396938304164\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.92015075683594,\n              43.09797467469801\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.81372070312499,\n              43.09797467469801\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.81372070312499,\n              42.951396938304164\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.92015075683594,\n              42.951396938304164\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4a96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"House, L. B.","contributorId":49386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29178,"text":"wri874140 - 1987 - Hydrogeology of McMullen Valley, west-central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:53","indexId":"wri874140","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4140","title":"Hydrogeology of McMullen Valley, west-central Arizona","docAbstract":"The geohydrology of McMullen Valley, west-central Arizona, was investigated using geologic, geophysical, and hydrologic data and a numerical model of the groundwater system. Interpretation of geologic and geophysical information indicates that the main structure of McMullen Valley is a syncline that has been normal faulted on the southeast side. Basin fill that accumulated in the structural depression during late Miocene to Pleistocene time is the main aquifer and is divided into upper and lower units on the basis of lithologic information. The upper unit is a thin layer of coarse-grained sediments and generally is not saturated. The lower unit is 3,000 to 4,000 ft thick, includes a fine-grained facies in the upper 1,000 ft, and is the main source of water. The fine-grained facies is found in the southwest half of the basin and is further divided into upper and lower parts. The lower part of the fine-grained facies has: a higher percentage of silt and clay than the upper part, contains evaporites, does not yield water to wells, and separates the aquifer into shallow and deep systems. A numerical model was used to analyze the groundwater system for both steady-state and transient conditions. The transient model was used to analyze system response to pumping stress. The transient system is one of storage depletion, and water level declines are controlled by pumping and specific yield distributions. Water level declines are also influenced by hydraulic properties and areal extent of the fine-grained facies. Significant water level declines may extend to aquifer boundaries in most of the basin; in one area, impermeable boundary greatly influences declines. The location of the nearby boundary was estimated through gravity data modeling. Several hydrologic components, including hydraulic properties and areal extent of the fine-grained facies , storage properties, and aquifer boundaries, need better definition in order to develop a more accurate model of the groundwater system. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874140","usgsCitation":"Pool, D.R., 1987, Hydrogeology of McMullen Valley, west-central Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4140, v, 51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874140.","productDescription":"v, 51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4140/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58049,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4140/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db54595a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pool, D. R.","contributorId":75581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":48978,"text":"ofr87213B - 1987 - Forward-modeling computer program for the inductive electromagnetic ground-conductivity method; EM34.FOR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-15T07:47:46","indexId":"ofr87213B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-213","chapter":"B","title":"Forward-modeling computer program for the inductive electromagnetic ground-conductivity method; EM34.FOR","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr87213B","usgsCitation":"Grantham, D.G., Ellefsen, K., and Haeni, F., 1987, Forward-modeling computer program for the inductive electromagnetic ground-conductivity method; EM34.FOR: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-213, 1 Diskette, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87213B.","productDescription":"1 Diskette","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267485,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0213b/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa6df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grantham, Deborah G.","contributorId":10467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantham","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellefsen, Karl","contributorId":19588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellefsen","given":"Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haeni, F.P.","contributorId":87105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeni","given":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28649,"text":"wri844158 - 1987 - Simulated flood discharges and elevations for the Savannah River, South Carolina and Georgia, using an unsteady streamflow model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T09:57:11","indexId":"wri844158","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4158","title":"Simulated flood discharges and elevations for the Savannah River, South Carolina and Georgia, using an unsteady streamflow model","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844158","usgsCitation":"McDonald, B., and Sanders, C., 1987, Simulated flood discharges and elevations for the Savannah River, South Carolina and Georgia, using an unsteady streamflow model: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4158, 34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844158.","productDescription":"34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4158/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57492,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4158/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Savannah River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"stroke\": \"#555555\",\n        \"stroke-width\": 2,\n        \"stroke-opacity\": 1,\n        \"fill\": \"#555555\",\n        \"fill-opacity\": 0.5\n      },\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.133544921875,\n              34.1890858311724\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.7984619140625,\n              34.347971491244955\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.50732421875,\n              34.39331222316112\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.9857177734375,\n              32.54218257955074\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.617431640625,\n              32.21280106801518\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.133544921875,\n              34.1890858311724\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f3316","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, B.B.","contributorId":44551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanders, C.L.","contributorId":41001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26464,"text":"wri874041 - 1987 - Relations of specific conductance to streamflow and selected water-quality characteristics of the Arkansas River basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:32","indexId":"wri874041","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4041","title":"Relations of specific conductance to streamflow and selected water-quality characteristics of the Arkansas River basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"Areal, seasonal, and long-term variations in the specific conductance of surface and groundwater in the Arkansas River basin of Colorado were evaluated and relations of specific conductance to stream-flow and to concentrations of dissolved solids and major ions were determined as part of an effort to develop a comprehensive hydrologic model of the basin. Mean specific conductance of surface and groundwater was smallest in the upper basin and increased downstream. Smallest mean specific conductance occurred during summer runoff, and largest mean specific conductance occurred during spring and fall low flows. Trends in specific conductance occurred at 18 of 31 surface-water stations and in flow-adjusted specific conductance at 14 of 24 surface-water stations. Logarithmic relations of specific conductance to streamflow were determined for 69 stations. Significant seasonal differences in the relations illustrate the effect of basin characteristics on the relation of specific conductance to streamflow. Relations of specific conductance to dissolved-solids concentration were determined for 28 surface-water stations and for groundwater in alluvial aquifers along the Arkansas River. Relations of specific conductance to concentrations of major ions were determined for 26 surface-water stations and for groundwater in alluvial aquifers along the Arkansas River. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874041","usgsCitation":"Cain, D., 1987, Relations of specific conductance to streamflow and selected water-quality characteristics of the Arkansas River basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4041, vi, 93 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874041.","productDescription":"vi, 93 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4041/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55285,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4041/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55286,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4041/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db634919","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cain, Doug","contributorId":101655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30434,"text":"wri874004 - 1987 - Effects of runoff controls on the quantity and quality of urban runoff at two locations in Austin, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T11:41:39","indexId":"wri874004","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4004","title":"Effects of runoff controls on the quantity and quality of urban runoff at two locations in Austin, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Rapid urban development in the Austin metropolitan area, Texas, is causing concern about increasing peak discharges from storm runoff and the degradation of the quality of water in receiving streams, lakes, and aquifers. In an attempt to decrease peak discharges and improve water quality, runoff controls are being required in some watersheds. This report summarizes the precipitation, streamflow, and water-quality data collected from September 1982 to September 1984 upstream and downstream from runoff controls at two locations, and presents the effects of these runoff controls on streamflow and the quality of runoff water. The two controls are a detention and filtering pond near Barton Creek Square Shopping Center, a large shopping center southwest of downtown Austin, and a grass-swale control in the Al ta Vista Planned Unit Development, a multipie-family housing area.</p>\n<p>At Barton Creek Square Shopping Center, rainfall for the storms analyzed ranged from 0.14 to 2.88 inches. The rainfall rate for the September 7, 1983, storm exceeded the 100-year return period for the 5- and 10-minute duration and was equal to the 50-year return period for the 15-minute duration. Peak discharge at the inflow station to the detention pond was closely related to the maximum rainfall during a 5-minute period and occurred about 10 minutes later. The maximum inflow at this station was 185 cubic feet per second and appeared to be the limit of the storm sewer system. For small- and moderate-sized storms, the runoff is contained in the detention pond and passes through a filter system. Runoff from large storms overflows into the drop outlet. For storms contained in the pond, peak discharges at the outflow station generally were less than 3.1 cubic feet per second. As time passed, the outflow peak discharges tended to decrease as a result of reduced permeability of the filter. Cleaning the filter appeared to increase the peak flows but did not restore them to the previous level. The runoff-rainfall ratio averaged 0.85 at the inflow station and 0.36 at the outflow station. A water budget shows unexplained losses to average 20 percent.</p>\n<p>At the Barton Creek Square Shopping Center, discharge-weighted densities of fecal-col iform and fecal-streptococci bacteria and discharge-weighted concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, suspended solids, total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, and total phosphorus generally were larger in the inflow than in the outflow. Discharge-weighted concentrations of dissolved lead, dissolved iron, and dissolved zinc generally were small in both the inflow and outflow; however, the larger discharge-weighted concentrations of these constituents generally were found in the inflow. Discharge-weighted concentrations of volatile dissolved solids were smaller in the inflow than in the outflow for 10 of the 22 storms analyzed. Discharge-weighted concentrations of total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen and dissolved solids generally were much smaller in the inflow than in the outflow. It is likely that organic and ammonia nitrogen trapped in the pond from previous storms and in the inflow water as it flows through the pond is being oxidized to nitrite and nitrate nitrogen. Similarly, dissolved solids retained in the filter or on the bed of the pond from previous storms are being leached to the outflow.</p>\n<p>Measured peak concentrations or densities of most constituents in the inflow were significantly larger than those in the outflow for most constituents. An exception was noted for concentrations of total nitrite plus nitrate which were larger in the outflow than the inflow as indicated by discrete sample analysis for six storms.</p>\n<p>Loads of most constituents and total numbers of bacteria were significantly larger in the inflow than in the outflow. The total numbers of bacteria were reduced by approximately 80 percent. Average removal efficiencies for suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, and dissolved zinc ranged between 60 and 80 percent. The average loads of dissolved solids were approximately 13 percent larger in the outflow than the inflow. Average loads of total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen were approximately 110 percent larger in the outflow than in the inflow. The increase in loads of these constituents is due to material being leached from the bed of the pond or from the filter system.</p>\n<p>At Al ta Vista, rainfall for the storms analyzed ranged from 0.25 to 2.00 inches. The maximum rainfall intensity was 0.30 inch for a 5-minute interval. The runoff-rainfall ratio averaged 0.42 and appeared to be evenly distributed about the mean ratio line. The peak discharge at the inflow station to the grass-covered swale area was 0.93 cubic foot per second. Inaccuracies of discharge at the outflow station and variations in the ungaged drainage area with the size of the storm prevented a hydrologic analysis of the basin above this station.</p>\n<p>Discharge-weighted concentrations of total phosphorus were larger in the outflow than in the inflow for each of the 19 storms analyzed. Discharge-weighted concentrations of dissolved solids, volatile dissolved solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon were larger in the outflow than in the inflow for at least 12 of the 19 storms analyzed. Discharge-weighted densities of fecal streptococci were decreased between the inflow and outflow, with discharge-weighted densities of fecal streptococci being less in the outflow for 15 of the 19 storms analyzed. Because of the relatively small variations in concentrations and densities of constituents between the inflow and outflow sites, and because of the errors in discharge at the outflow gage, it is not feasible to determine the effect of the grass-covered swales on discharge-weighted concentrations and densities of water-quality constituents.</p>\n<p>Discrete concentrations or densities of most constituents were not decreased. Peak concentrations of dissolved solids in the outflow exceeded peak concentrations in the inflow for all five of the storms analyzed with discrete&nbsp;samples. Peak concentrations of suspended solids, total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, and dissolved iron were larger in the outflow than in the inflow for four of the five storms analyzed. Load-removal efficiencies of water-quality constituents could not be determined because of inaccuracies in measuring discharge at the outflow site,</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri874004","usgsCitation":"Welborn, C.T., and Veenhuis, J.E., 1987, Effects of runoff controls on the quantity and quality of urban runoff at two locations in Austin, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4004, ix, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874004.","productDescription":"ix, 101 p.","numberOfPages":"111","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4004/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59212,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4004/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Austin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.8607177734375,\n              30.205080822715594\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.8607177734375,\n              30.42144037217422\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.63961791992188,\n              30.42144037217422\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.63961791992188,\n              30.205080822715594\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.8607177734375,\n              30.205080822715594\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611275","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welborn, Clarence T.","contributorId":53652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welborn","given":"Clarence","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Veenhuis, Jack E.","contributorId":66745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veenhuis","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26985,"text":"wri854199 - 1987 - An evaluation of the bedrock aquifer system in northeastern Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T13:48:45","indexId":"wri854199","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4199","title":"An evaluation of the bedrock aquifer system in northeastern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>Ground water is a major source of water in northeastern Wisconsin. The lower Fox River valley, located between Lake Winnebago and Green Bay in northeastern Wisconsin, is the second largest population center in Wisconsin. By 1957, ground-water withdrawals had lowered the potentiometric surface of the aquifer system as much as 440 feet below prepumping levels. With the exception of the city of Green Bay, which converted from ground water to surface water (Lake Michigan) for their municipal water supply in 1957, ground-water withdrawals have continually increased.</p>\n<p>The report evaluates the bedrock aquifer system in northeastern Wisconsin and describes how the flow regimes in the system have been altered due to ground-water withdrawals. A three-dimensional finite-difference groundwater flow model was used to aid in evaluation of the regional flow system. In order to simplify the study of the aquifer system, the geologic units were grouped into eight geohydrologic units consisting of four aquifers and four confining beds. The aquifers are the more permeable sand and gravel layers in the surficial deposits (aquifer 4), Devonian dolomite-Silurian dolomite (aquifer 3), St. Peter Sandstone- Prairie du Chien Group-Jordan Sandstone Member of the Trempealeau Formation (aquifer 2), and the Galesville Sandstone-Eau Claire Sandstone-Mount Simon Sandstone (aquifer 1). The confining beds are the less permeable silts and clays in the surficial deposits (confining bed 4), Maquoketa Shale-Galena Dolomite-Decorah Shale-Platteville Formation (confining bed 3), St. Lawrence Member of the Trempealeau Formation-Franconia Sandstone (confining bed 2), and the Precambrian crystalline rock (confining bed 1).</p>\n<p>The following aquifer and confining-bed characteristics were determined to represent the aquifer system of northeastern Wisconsin and were used in the development of the model. Aquifer 4 acts as an upper boundary of the bedrock aquifer system. The hydraulic conductivity of aquifer 3 was 7.9 feet per day and the storage coefficient was estimated to be 0.01. Transmissivity input values to the model for aquifer 2 are based on hydraulic conductivities ranging from 3 to 8 feet per day. The storage coefficient for aquifer 2 was 0.0002. The transmissivity input values to the model for aquifer 1 are based on hydraulic conductivities ranging from 2.5 to 8 feet per day and the storage coefficient was 0.0002. Confining bed 4 acts as an upper confining unit for the underlying bedrock aquifers. A vertical hydraulic conductivity of 0.007 foot per day was assigned to represent confining bed 4. The vertical hydraulic conductivity of confining bed 3 was assigned values of 0.0001 to 0.000004 foot per day. A value of 0.00001 foot per day was used as the vertical hydraulic conductivity for confining bed 2. Confining bed 1 is a lower boundary of the system and was not modeled.</p>\n<p>Model simulations indicate that, by 1914, ground-water withdrawals from the aquifer system had already impacted the study area. Pumping in the Green Bay metropolitan area had lowered the potentiometric heads in aquifer 1 by 69 feet and in aquifer 2 by 55 feet. Model simulations indicate that, by 1981, ground-water withdrawals have caused a cone of depression centered in the city of De Pere area. The influence of the cone affects almost the entire study area and has significantly altered the horizontal and vertical flow regimes in the aquifer system. In 1981, computed drawdowns below the prepumping potentiometric surface of aquifer 1 range from 0 feet on the western side of the study area to 330 feet in the center of the cone of depression. In aquifer 2, the computed drawdown ranges from 0 feet on the western side of the study area to 253 feet in the center of the cone.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854199","usgsCitation":"Emmons, P., 1987, An evaluation of the bedrock aquifer system in northeastern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4199, v, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854199.","productDescription":"v, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4199/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55872,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4199/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.857421875,\n              43.50075243569041\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.857421875,\n              45.92822950933618\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.770263671875,\n              45.92822950933618\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.770263671875,\n              43.50075243569041\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.857421875,\n              43.50075243569041\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db6848ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emmons, P.J.","contributorId":60630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmons","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29121,"text":"wri864199 - 1987 - Description and comparison of selected models for hydrologic analysis of ground-water flow, St. Joseph River basin, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T19:42:22.790964","indexId":"wri864199","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4199","title":"Description and comparison of selected models for hydrologic analysis of ground-water flow, St. Joseph River basin, Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>The Indiana Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) is developing water-management policies designed to assess the effects of irrigation and other water uses on water supply in the basin. In support of this effort, the USGS, in cooperation with IDNR, began a study to evaluate appropriate methods for analyzing the effects of pumping on ground-water levels and streamflow in the basin 's glacial aquifer systems. Four analytical models describe drawdown for a nonleaky, confined aquifer and fully penetrating well; a leaky, confined aquifer and fully penetrating well; a leaky, confined aquifer and partially penetrating well; and an unconfined aquifer and partially penetrating well. Analytical equations, simplifying assumptions, and methods of application are described for each model. In addition to these four models, several other analytical models were used to predict the effects of ground-water pumping on water levels in the aquifer and on streamflow in local areas with up to two pumping wells. Analytical models for a variety of other hydrogeologic conditions are cited. A digital ground-water flow model was used to describe how a numerical model can be applied to a glacial aquifer system. The numerical model was used to predict the effects of six pumping plans in 46.5 sq mi area with as many as 150 wells. Water budgets for the six pumping plans were used to estimate the effect of pumping on streamflow reduction. Results of the analytical and numerical models indicate that, in general, the glacial aquifers in the basin are highly permeable. Radial hydraulic conductivity calculated by the analytical models ranged from 280 to 600 ft/day, compared to 210 and 360 ft/day used in the numerical model. Maximum seasonal pumping for irrigation produced maximum calculated drawdown of only one-fourth of available drawdown and reduced streamflow by as much as 21%. Analytical models are useful in estimating aquifer properties and predicting local effects of pumping in areas with simple lithology and boundary conditions and with few pumping wells. Numerical models are useful in regional areas with complex hydrogeology with many pumping wells and provide detailed water budgets useful for estimating the sources of water in pumping simulations. Numerical models are useful in constructing flow nets. The choice of which type of model to use is also based on the nature and scope of questions to be answered and on the degree of accuracy required.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri864199","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Peters, J.G., 1987, Description and comparison of selected models for hydrologic analysis of ground-water flow, St. Joseph River basin, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4199, xii, 125 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864199.","productDescription":"xii, 125 p.","numberOfPages":"138","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395170,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36620.htm"},{"id":126646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4199/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57991,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4199/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Michigan","county":"Elkhart, Kosciusko, Lagrange, Noble, Saint Joseph, Steuben, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, cass, Hillsdale, Kalamazoo, Saint Joseph, Van Buren,","otherGeospatial":"Saint Jospeh River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.7663,42.4196],[-85.5421,42.4195],[-85.5328,42.4194],[-85.4172,42.4199],[-85.3091,42.4185],[-85.2979,42.4188],[-85.0736,42.4211],[-85.0667,42.4215],[-84.9561,42.4221],[-84.8375,42.4215],[-84.83,42.421],[-84.7207,42.4209],[-84.7195,42.2464],[-84.7144,42.1586],[-84.7116,42.0709],[-84.5948,42.0715],[-84.3666,42.0734],[-84.3623,41.7082],[-84.3989,41.7074],[-84.4979,41.705],[-84.6319,41.7018],[-84.6756,41.7007],[-84.8067,41.6958],[-84.8064,41.5598],[-84.8063,41.5303],[-84.8554,41.53],[-84.969,41.5287],[-85.0819,41.5282],[-85.1947,41.5276],[-85.1939,41.4395],[-85.1943,41.3519],[-85.1935,41.2643],[-85.309,41.265],[-85.3096,41.265],[-85.4245,41.2655],[-85.5387,41.2664],[-85.5384,41.295],[-85.6527,41.2949],[-85.6518,41.2668],[-85.6522,41.1787],[-85.6876,41.179],[-85.6856,41.0896],[-85.6849,41.0465],[-85.9457,41.0424],[-86.017,41.0414],[-86.0179,41.0863],[-86.0758,41.0851],[-86.0777,41.1736],[-86.0539,41.1735],[-86.0574,41.3033],[-86.059,41.4336],[-86.059,41.4367],[-86.0594,41.4644],[-86.0593,41.474],[-86.0593,41.479],[-86.0789,41.479],[-86.0979,41.4791],[-86.1181,41.4792],[-86.1273,41.4792],[-86.1421,41.4792],[-86.1562,41.4793],[-86.234,41.479],[-86.3063,41.4787],[-86.3302,41.4778],[-86.3492,41.4778],[-86.378,41.4774],[-86.4356,41.4765],[-86.4559,41.4765],[-86.4645,41.4765],[-86.4669,41.4765],[-86.4669,41.4616],[-86.4669,41.4339],[-86.5245,41.4339],[-86.5245,41.5201],[-86.5012,41.5206],[-86.5,41.5287],[-86.4982,41.531],[-86.4982,41.5669],[-86.4865,41.5769],[-86.4871,41.649],[-86.5068,41.6499],[-86.5264,41.6499],[-86.5264,41.6572],[-86.5258,41.6731],[-86.5252,41.7085],[-86.524,41.7603],[-86.5284,41.7603],[-86.6391,41.7606],[-86.7387,41.7608],[-86.7677,41.7608],[-86.7814,41.7609],[-86.8262,41.7609],[-86.8182,41.7641],[-86.7758,41.7864],[-86.7482,41.8037],[-86.7285,41.8147],[-86.7064,41.8265],[-86.6886,41.8402],[-86.6418,41.8761],[-86.6122,41.9006],[-86.6092,41.9029],[-86.5956,41.9202],[-86.5833,41.9374],[-86.5698,41.9647],[-86.5667,41.9711],[-86.5636,41.9829],[-86.563,41.9842],[-86.5402,42.0274],[-86.5136,42.0701],[-86.5112,42.0737],[-86.5025,42.0864],[-86.4895,42.1046],[-86.4883,42.1137],[-86.474,42.1287],[-86.4555,42.1441],[-86.4418,42.1591],[-86.4381,42.1632],[-86.4158,42.1836],[-86.3904,42.2127],[-86.3637,42.2453],[-86.3625,42.2467],[-86.3544,42.2612],[-86.3401,42.2807],[-86.3388,42.2821],[-86.327,42.3034],[-86.3133,42.332],[-86.3039,42.3507],[-86.2877,42.3906],[-86.2814,42.4065],[-86.2745,42.4201],[-86.2248,42.4191],[-85.995,42.4193],[-85.8975,42.4185],[-85.7663,42.4196]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Elkhart\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d2c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, J. G.","contributorId":56216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27302,"text":"wri864129 - 1987 - Effects of proposed highway embankment modifications on water-surface elevations in the lower Pearl River flood plain near Slidell, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri864129","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4129","title":"Effects of proposed highway embankment modifications on water-surface elevations in the lower Pearl River flood plain near Slidell, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Major flooding in the lower Pearl River basin in recent years has caused extensive damage to homes and highways in the area. In 1980 and 1983, Interstate Highway 10 and U.S. Highway 190 were overtopped. In 1983, the Interstate Highway 10 crossing was seriously damaged by the flood. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Office of Highways, used a two-dimensional finite-element surface-water flow model to evaluate the effects the proposed embankment modifications at Interstate Highway 10 and U.S. Highway 90 on the water-surface elevations in the lower Pearl River flood plain near Slidell, Louisiana. The proposed modifications that were considered for the 1983 flood are: (1) Removal of all highway embankments, the natural condition, (2) extension of the West Pearl River bridge by 1,000 feet at U.S. Highway 90, (3) construction of a new 250-foot bridge opening in the U.S. Highways 190 and 90, west of the intersection of the highways. The proposed highway bridge modifications also incorporated lowering of ground-surface elevations under the new bridges to sea level. The modification that provided the largest reduction in backwater, about 35 percent, was a new bridge in Interstate Highway 10. The modification of the West Pearl River bridge at U.S. Highway 90 and replacement of the bridge in U.S. Highway 190 provide about a 25% reduction in backwater each. For the other modification conditions that required structural modifications, maximum backwater computed on the west side of the flood plain ranges from 0.0 to 0.8 foot and on the east side from 0.0 to 0.6 foot. Results show that although backwater is greater on the west side of the flood plain than on the east side, upstream of highway embankments, backwater decreases more rapidly in the upstream direction on the west side of the flood plain than on the east side. Analysis of the proposed modifications indicates that backwater would still occur on the east and west sides of the flood plain, but values would be less than those computed with highway embankments in place. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864129","usgsCitation":"Gilbert, J.J., and Schuck-Kolben, R.E., 1987, Effects of proposed highway embankment modifications on water-surface elevations in the lower Pearl River flood plain near Slidell, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4129, iv, 36 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864129.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4129/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56175,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4129/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e5e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilbert, J. J.","contributorId":12448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuck-Kolben, R. E.","contributorId":14841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuck-Kolben","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":39662,"text":"pp1368 - 1987 - Late Mississippian gastropods of the Chainman Shale, west-central Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"pp1368","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1368","title":"Late Mississippian gastropods of the Chainman Shale, west-central Utah","docAbstract":"The Chainman Shale of Mississippian (Osagean to late Chesterian) age, well exposed in the Confusion Range of western Utah, has yielded a profusion of fossils during investigations conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in the past 30 years. Conspicuous among these fossils are gastropods, which range in age from latest Meramecian to late Chesterian. In west-central Utah, not far from the State boundary, the Chainman outcrop belt stretches from Granite Mountain south to the northern part of the Needle Range, a distance of69 miles (110 km). The Chainman thickens from north to south; the section at Granite Mountain is 1,315 feet (401 m) thick and that at Jensen Wash in the Burbank Hills, 2,203 feet (671 m). \r\n\r\nThe rocks of the Chainman Shale record a general though irregular shallowing of the area from moderate depths of 330 feet (100 m) or so to quite shallow depths of perhaps locally little more than 3-6 feet (1-2 m). Most of the gastropods occur with ammonoids in a facies of shale or shale containing phosphatic limestone concretions, In this lutaceous facies, Glabrocingulum is predominant and Lunulazona and Retispira are common; these genera are represented by a succession of species. A thick limestone unit is present in some areas in the upper part of the formation, particularly in the vicinity of Skunk Spring, where it is 318 feet (97 m) thick. This limestone unit represents a calcareous shoal facies having an entirely different gastropod fauna, characterized by Catazona and species of Naticopsis. \r\n\r\nThe Chainman Shale could be easily zoned by gastropods, but we are not proposing such azonation. A framework of ammonoid and foraminiferal zones already is available, and we prefer to regard the gastropod assemblages as part of this framework. The assemblages are confined to the major ammonoid and foraminiferal zones, and only three of the gastropod species seem to range across major zonal boundaries. These species are Bellerophon (Bellerophon vespertinus Gordon and Yochelson and Straparollus (Euomphalus intermedius Gordon and Yochelson, both of which are present in Mamet Foraminifer Zones 17 and 18, and Bellazona polita n. sp., which locally seems to range from Mamet Foraminifer Zone 16s into the basal part of Zone 17. \r\n\r\nEight assemblages, seven of them in ascending stratigraphic order, are recognized within the gastropod fauna of the Chainman Shale; the eighth assemblage is a facies equivalent of the sixth highest. The seven mud-dwelling assemblages are characterized mainly by species of Glabrocingulum and Lunulazona, which together account for 80 percent of the gastropod specimens in our Chainman collections. The eighth assemblage, that in the shallow-water carbonate facies, is the one characterized by Catazona and species of Naticopsis. \r\n\r\nThe lowermost gastropod assemblage, that of Lunulazona nodomarginata (McChesney), includes 10 species and is restricted to the northern end of the study area, where it occurs in the upper part of the Goniatites americanus Ammonoid Zone, in beds equivalent to the lower part of Mamet's Foraminifer Zone 16i. We regard the entire G. americanus Zone as late Meramecian in age. All the zones higher in the Chainman are Chesterian in age. The second assemblage is that of Lunulazona costata Sadlick and Neilsen, which includes six gastropod species; it occurs in the Goniatites granos us Ammonoid Zone, equivalent to Mamet's Foraminifer Zone 16s. \r\n\r\nThree gastropod assemblages are recognized within the Paracravenoceras barnettense Ammonoid Zone, equivalent to Mamet's Foraminifer Zone 17. The earliest, that of Lunulazona sadlicki, includes five species; the intermediate, that of Glabrocingulum hosei n. sp., four species; and the highest, that of Glabrocingulum confusionense n, sp., two species (the second being G. hosei). \r\n\r\nTwo laterally equivalent facies-controlled assemblages are present within the Cravenoceras hesperium Ammonoid Zone, most of which is equivalent to Mamet's Foraminifer Zone 18","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1368","usgsCitation":"Gordon, M., and Yochelson, E.L., 1987, Late Mississippian gastropods of the Chainman Shale, west-central Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1368, 112 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1368.","productDescription":"112 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119440,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1368/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67382,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1368/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8bdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gordon, Mackenzie Jr.","contributorId":13225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"Mackenzie","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yochelson, Ellis L.","contributorId":90802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yochelson","given":"Ellis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29096,"text":"wri874108 - 1987 - Sensitivity analysis of a multilayer, finite-difference model of the southeastern Coastal Plain regional aquifer system:  Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T19:35:27.39349","indexId":"wri874108","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4108","title":"Sensitivity analysis of a multilayer, finite-difference model of the southeastern Coastal Plain regional aquifer system:  Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina","docAbstract":"The sensitivity of a multilayer finite-difference regional flow model was tested by changing the calibrated values for five parameters in the steady-state model and one in the transient-state model. The parameters that changed under the steady-state condition were those that had been routinely adjusted during the calibration process as part of the effort to match pre-development potentiometric surfaces, and elements of the water budget. The tested steady-state parameters include: recharge, riverbed conductance, transmissivity, confining unit leakance, and boundary location. In the transient-state model, the storage coefficient was adjusted. The sensitivity of the model to changes in the calibrated values of these parameters was evaluated with respect to the simulated response of net base flow to the rivers, and the mean value of the absolute head residual. To provide a standard measurement of sensitivity from one parameter to another, the standard deviation of the absolute head residual was calculated. The steady-state model was shown to be most sensitive to changes in rates of recharge. When the recharge rate was held constant, the model was more sensitive to variations in transmissivity. Near the rivers, the riverbed conductance becomes the dominant parameter in controlling the heads. Changes in confining unit leakance had little effect on simulated base flow, but greatly affected head residuals. The model was relatively insensitive to changes in the location of no-flow boundaries and to moderate changes in the altitude of constant head boundaries. The storage coefficient was adjusted under transient conditions to illustrate the model 's sensitivity to changes in storativity. The model is less sensitive to an increase in storage coefficient than it is to a decrease in storage coefficient. As the storage coefficient decreased, the aquifer drawdown increases, the base flow decreased. The opposite response occurred when the storage coefficient was increased. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874108","usgsCitation":"Pernik, M., 1987, Sensitivity analysis of a multilayer, finite-difference model of the southeastern Coastal Plain regional aquifer system:  Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4108, viii, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874108.","productDescription":"viii, 53 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392869,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46775.htm"},{"id":57950,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4108/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4108/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91,\n              30.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.5,\n              30.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.5,\n              35\n            ],\n            [\n              -91,\n              35\n            ],\n            [\n              -91,\n              30.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e35e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pernik, Meribeth","contributorId":21195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pernik","given":"Meribeth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30431,"text":"wri874151 - 1987 - Investigation of techniques to estimate rainfall-loss parameters for Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri874151","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4151","title":"Investigation of techniques to estimate rainfall-loss parameters for Illinois","docAbstract":"An attempt was made by the U.S. Geological Survey to develop parameter-estimation techniques for two rainfall-loss computation methods used in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ' flood-hydrograph model (HEC-1). Six rainfall-loss parameters were investigated - four for the Exponential Loss-Rate method and two for the Initial and Uniform Loss-Rate method. Multiple-regression analyses using data from 616 storms at 98 gaged basins were used to attempt to develop parameter-estimation techniques for ungaged basins in Illinois. Techniques were evaluated using 102 storms at 36 uncalibrated gage basins. Estimated unit-hydrograph and rainfall-loss parameters were used to compute discharge hydrograph characteristics, which were compared with characteristics of observed discharge hydrographs. Seventy and 50% of the simulations using the Exponential Loss-Rate and the Initial and Uniform Loss-Rate methods, respectively, produced valid hydrographs. Model-sensitivity analyses to one standard error of estimate indicate that the storm-dependent rainfall-loss parameters are most significant in reproducing the sum of incremental flows and peak discharge. Time of concentrations and storage coefficient are significant in reproducing time to peak discharge and peak discharge, respectively. The small percentage of variation explained by the estimation techniques and the evaluation results using 102 storms indicates that a large degree of uncertainty exists in the computed hydrographs. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874151","usgsCitation":"Weiss, L., and Ishii, A.L., 1987, Investigation of techniques to estimate rainfall-loss parameters for Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4151, v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874151.","productDescription":"v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4151/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59210,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4151/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4779e4b07f02db47f3ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, L.S.","contributorId":42261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"L.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ishii, A. L.","contributorId":61464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishii","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29859,"text":"wri874245 - 1987 - Documentation of a graphical display program for the saturated- unsaturated transport (SUTRA) finite-element simulation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri874245","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4245","title":"Documentation of a graphical display program for the saturated- unsaturated transport (SUTRA) finite-element simulation model","docAbstract":"This report documents a graphical display program for the U. S. Geological Survey finite-element groundwater flow and solute transport model. Graphic features of the program, SUTRA-PLOT (SUTRA-PLOT = saturated/unsaturated transport), include: (1) plots of the finite-element mesh, (2) velocity vector plots, (3) contour plots of pressure, solute concentration, temperature, or saturation, and (4) a finite-element interpolator for gridding data prior to contouring. SUTRA-PLOT is written in FORTRAN 77 on a PRIME 750 computer system, and requires Version 9.0 or higher of the DISSPLA graphics library. The program requires two input files: the SUTRA input data list and the SUTRA simulation output listing. The program is menu driven and specifications for individual types of plots are entered and may be edited interactively. Installation instruction, a source code listing, and a description of the computer code are given. Six examples of plotting applications are used to demonstrate various features of the plotting program. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri874245","usgsCitation":"Souza, W.R., 1987, Documentation of a graphical display program for the saturated- unsaturated transport (SUTRA) finite-element simulation model: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4245, v, 122 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874245.","productDescription":"v, 122 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4245/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58670,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4245/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db636249","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Souza, W. R.","contributorId":102114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Souza","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27726,"text":"wri864340 - 1987 - Simulation of the ground-water flow system and proposed withdrawals in the northern part of Vekol Valley, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri864340","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4340","title":"Simulation of the ground-water flow system and proposed withdrawals in the northern part of Vekol Valley, Arizona","docAbstract":"Pursuant to the Ak-Chin Indian Community Water Rights Settlement Act (Public Law 95-328-enacted on July 28, 1978) a study was undertaken to assess the effect of proposed groundwater withdrawal from Federal lands near the reservation. The first area to be evaluated was the northern part of the Vekol Valley. The evaluation was made using a numerical model based on detailed geohydrologic concepts developed during the study. The numerical model, which was calibrated to steady-state and transient groundwater conditions in the northern part of Vekol Valley, adequately duplicated the conceptual model and was used to estimate the effect of withdrawing approximately 174,000 acre-ft from the system during a 25-yr period. At the end of the 25-yr period, the water level was drawn down an average of about 95 ft, and about 150,5000 acre-ft of water was removed from storage. The 150,500 acre-ft of water represents 43% of the estimated recoverable groundwater in storage. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864340","usgsCitation":"Hollett, K., and Marie, J., 1987, Simulation of the ground-water flow system and proposed withdrawals in the northern part of Vekol Valley, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4340, v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864340.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4340/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56569,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4340/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ac7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hollett, K.J.","contributorId":23570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollett","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marie, J.R.","contributorId":63416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marie","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27349,"text":"wri854043 - 1987 - Adequacy of NASQAN data to describe areal and temporal variability of water quality of the San Juan River drainage basin upstream from Shiprock, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-26T21:38:11.341058","indexId":"wri854043","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4043","title":"Adequacy of NASQAN data to describe areal and temporal variability of water quality of the San Juan River drainage basin upstream from Shiprock, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>Analyses indicate that water quality in the San Juan River drainage basin upstream from Shiprock, New Mexico, is quite variable from station to station. Analyses are based on water quality data from the U.S. Geological Survey WATSTORE files and the New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division 's files. In the northeastern part of the basin, most streams are calcium-bicarbonate waters. In the northwestern and southern part of the basin, the streams are calcium-sulfate and sodium-sulfate waters. Geology, climate, and land use and water use affect the water quality. Statistical analysis shows that streamflow, suspended-sediment, dissolved-iron, dissolved-orthophosphate-phosphorus, dissolved-sodium, dissolved-sulfate, and dissolved-manganese concentrations, specific conductance, and pH are highly variable among most stations. Dissolved-radium-226 concentration is the least variable among stations. A trend in one or more water quality constituents for the time period, October 1, 1973, through September 30, 1981, was detected at 15 out of 36 stations tested. The NASQAN stations Animas River at Farmington and San Juan River at Shiprock, New Mexico, record large volumes of flow that represent an integration of the flow from many upstream tributaries. The data collected do not represent what is occurring at specific points upstream in the basin, but do provide accurate information on how water quality is changing over time at the station location. A water quality, streamflow model would be necessary to predict accurately what is occurring simultaneously in the entire basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854043","usgsCitation":"Goetz, C.L., and Abeyta, C.G., 1987, Adequacy of NASQAN data to describe areal and temporal variability of water quality of the San Juan River drainage basin upstream from Shiprock, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4043, ix, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854043.","productDescription":"ix, 89 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4043/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56211,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4043/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":394920,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36227.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"San Juan River drainage basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109,\n              35.562\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.528,\n              35.562\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.528,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              35.562\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697591","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goetz, C. L.","contributorId":55845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goetz","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abeyta, Cynthia G.","contributorId":52187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abeyta","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30426,"text":"wri864012 - 1987 - Ground-water flow in the Navajo sandstone in parts of Emery, Grand, Carbon, Wayne, Garfield, and Kane counties, southeast Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri864012","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4012","title":"Ground-water flow in the Navajo sandstone in parts of Emery, Grand, Carbon, Wayne, Garfield, and Kane counties, southeast Utah","docAbstract":"A finite-difference model of one layer was constructed to determine groundwater flow directions and magnitudes in the Navajo Sandstone of southeast Utah. Hydraulic head data, hydraulic conductivity data, precipitation data, and other data collected in the area were used in constructing and calibrating the model. Sensitivity of the model to unknown aspects of the groundwater system was investigated. Simulation error attributable to grid-size error was unexpectedly large, but compared to the uncertainty in the groundwater system, simulation error was not large. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864012","usgsCitation":"Weiss, E., 1987, Ground-water flow in the Navajo sandstone in parts of Emery, Grand, Carbon, Wayne, Garfield, and Kane counties, southeast Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4012, iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864012.","productDescription":"iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4012/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59200,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4012/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c414","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, Emanuel","contributorId":74383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"Emanuel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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