{"pageNumber":"1458","pageRowStart":"36425","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165296,"records":[{"id":70045276,"text":"ofr20131072 - 2013 - Preliminary estimates of the quantities of rare-earth elements contained in selected products and in imports of semimanufactured products to the United States, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-09T13:35:43","indexId":"ofr20131072","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1072","title":"Preliminary estimates of the quantities of rare-earth elements contained in selected products and in imports of semimanufactured products to the United States, 2010","docAbstract":"Rare-earth elements (REEs) are contained in a wide range of products of economic and strategic importance to the Nation. The REEs may or may not represent a significant component of that product by mass, value, or volume; however, in many cases, the embedded REEs are critical for the device’s function. Domestic sources of primary supply and the manufacturing facilities to produce products are inadequate to meet U.S. requirements; therefore, a significant percentage of the supply of REEs and the products that contain them are imported to the United States. In 2011, mines in China produced roughly 97 percent of the world’s supply of REEs, and the country’s production of these elements will likely dominate global supply until at least 2020. Preliminary estimates of the types and amount of rare-earth elements, reported as oxides, in semimanufactured form and the amounts used for electric vehicle batteries, catalytic converters, computers, and other applications were developed to provide a perspective on the Nation’s use of these elements. The amount of rare-earth metals recovered from recycling, remanufacturing, and reuse is negligible when the tonnage of products that contain REEs deposited in landfills and retained in storage is considered. Under favorable market conditions, the recovery of REEs from obsolete products could potentially displace a portion of the supply from primary sources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131072","usgsCitation":"Bleiwas, D.I., and Gambogi, J., 2013, Preliminary estimates of the quantities of rare-earth elements contained in selected products and in imports of semimanufactured products to the United States, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1072, iv, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131072.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131072.gif"},{"id":270654,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1072/"},{"id":270655,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1072/OFR2013-1072.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5163d8dbe4b0b7010f82013d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bleiwas, Donald I. bleiwas@usgs.gov","contributorId":1434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleiwas","given":"Donald","email":"bleiwas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gambogi, Joseph 0000-0002-5719-2280 jgambogi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5719-2280","contributorId":4424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gambogi","given":"Joseph","email":"jgambogi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045005,"text":"70045005 - 2013 - An evaluation of liquid ammonia (ammonium hydroxide) as a candidate piscicide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-08T08:38:15","indexId":"70045005","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of liquid ammonia (ammonium hydroxide) as a candidate piscicide","docAbstract":"Eradication of populations of nonnative aquatic species for the purpose of reintroducing native fish is often difficult because very few effective tools are available for removing aquatic organisms. This creates the need to evaluate new chemicals that could be used as management tools for native fish conservation. Ammonia is a natural product of fish metabolism and is naturally present in the environment at low levels, yet is known to be toxic to most aquatic species. Our objective was to determine the feasibility of using liquid ammonia as a fisheries management tool by evaluating its effectiveness at killing undesirable aquatic species and its persistence in a pond environment. A suite of invasive aquatic species commonly found in the southwestern USA were introduced into two experimental outdoor ponds located at the Rocky Mountain Research Station in Flagstaff, Arizona. Each pond was treated with ammonium hydroxide (29%) at 38 ppm. This target concentration was chosen because previous studies using anhydrous ammonia reported incomplete fish kills in ponds at concentrations less than 30 ppm. Water quality was monitored for 49 d to determine how quickly the natural bacteria in the environment converted the ammonia to nitrate. Ammonia levels remained above 8 ppm for 24 and 18 d, respectively, in ponds 1 and 2. Nitrite levels in each pond began to rise approximately 14 d after dosing with ammonia and stayed above 5 ppm for an additional 21 d in pond 1 and 18 d in pond 2. After 49 d all water in both ponds was drained and no fish, crayfish, or tadpoles were found to have survived the treatment, but aquatic turtles remained alive and appeared unaffected. Liquid ammonia appears to be an effective tool for removing many problematic invasive aquatic species and may warrant further investigation as a piscicide.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2013.765528","usgsCitation":"Ward, D.L., Morton-Starner, R., and Hedwall, S.J., 2013, An evaluation of liquid ammonia (ammonium hydroxide) as a candidate piscicide: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 33, no. 2, p. 400-405, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.765528.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"400","endPage":"405","ipdsId":"IP-035992","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270647,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.765528"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5163d8d2e4b0b7010f820131","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, David L. 0000-0002-3355-0637 dlward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-0637","contributorId":3879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dlward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton-Starner, R.","contributorId":10307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton-Starner","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hedwall, Shaula J.","contributorId":82196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedwall","given":"Shaula","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044140,"text":"70044140 - 2013 - Absolute radiometric calibration of Landsat using a pseudo invariant calibration site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-06T20:43:45","indexId":"70044140","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Absolute radiometric calibration of Landsat using a pseudo invariant calibration site","docAbstract":"Pseudo invariant calibration sites (PICS) have been used for on-orbit radiometric trending of optical satellite systems for more than 15 years. This approach to vicarious calibration has demonstrated a high degree of reliability and repeatability at the level of 1-3% depending on the site, spectral channel, and imaging geometries. A variety of sensors have used this approach for trending because it is broadly applicable and easy to implement. Models to describe the surface reflectance properties, as well as the intervening atmosphere have also been developed to improve the precision of the method. However, one limiting factor of using PICS is that an absolute calibration capability has not yet been fully developed. Because of this, PICS are primarily limited to providing only long term trending information for individual sensors or cross-calibration opportunities between two sensors. This paper builds an argument that PICS can be used more extensively for absolute calibration. To illustrate this, a simple empirical model is developed for the well-known Libya 4 PICS based on observations by Terra MODIS and EO-1 Hyperion. The model is validated by comparing model predicted top-of-atmosphere reflectance values to actual measurements made by the Landsat ETM+ sensor reflective bands. Following this, an outline is presented to develop a more comprehensive and accurate PICS absolute calibration model that can be Système international d'unités (SI) traceable. These initial concepts suggest that absolute calibration using PICS is possible on a broad scale and can lead to improved on-orbit calibration capabilities for optical satellite sensors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2013.2243738","usgsCitation":"Helder, D., Thome, K.J., Mishra, N., Chander, G., Xiong, X., Angal, A., and Choi, T., 2013, Absolute radiometric calibration of Landsat using a pseudo invariant calibration site: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 51, no. 3, p. 1360-1369, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2013.2243738.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1360","endPage":"1369","ipdsId":"IP-040531","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270617,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270616,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2013.2243738"}],"volume":"51","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516135d6e4b022d43fdfaa19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helder, D. 0000-0002-7379-4679","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-4679","contributorId":15490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helder","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thome, K. J.","contributorId":88099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thome","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mishra, N.","contributorId":67379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mishra","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xiong, Xiaoxiong","contributorId":15088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiong","given":"Xiaoxiong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Angal, A.","contributorId":52716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angal","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Choi, Tae-young","contributorId":89036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"Tae-young","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70175396,"text":"70175396 - 2013 - Shallow repeating seismic events under an alpine glacier at Mount Rainier, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-09T09:34:46","indexId":"70175396","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-05T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2328,"text":"Journal of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow repeating seismic events under an alpine glacier at Mount Rainier, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>We observed several swarms of repeating low-frequency (1&ndash;5 Hz) seismic events during a 3 week period in May&ndash;June 2010, near the summit of Mount Rainier, Washington, USA, that likely were a result of stick&ndash;slip motion at the base of alpine glaciers. The dominant set of repeating events ('multiplets') featured &gt;4000 individual events and did not exhibit daytime variations in recurrence interval or amplitude. Volcanoes and glaciers around the world are known to produce seismic signals with great variability in both frequency content and size. The low-frequency character and periodic recurrence of the Mount Rainier multiplets mimic long-period seismicity often seen at volcanoes, particularly during periods of unrest. However, their near-surface location, lack of common spectral peaks across the recording network, rapid attenuation of amplitudes with distance, and temporal correlation with weather systems all indicate that ice-related source mechanisms are the most likely explanation. We interpret the low-frequency character of these multiplets to be the result of trapping of seismic energy under glacial ice as it propagates through the highly heterogeneous and attenuating volcanic material. The Mount Rainier multiplet sequences underscore the difficulties in differentiating low-frequency signals due to glacial processes from those caused by volcanic processes on glacier-clad volcanoes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Glaciological Society","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, UK","doi":"10.3189/2013JoG12J111","usgsCitation":"Thelen, W.A., Allstadt, K.E., De Angelis, S., Malone, S.D., Moran, S.C., and Vidale, J., 2013, Shallow repeating seismic events under an alpine glacier at Mount Rainier, Washington, USA: Journal of Glaciology, v. 59, no. 214, p. 345-356, https://doi.org/10.3189/2013JoG12J111.","startPage":"345","endPage":"356","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044640","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/2013jog12j111","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":326291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.96197509765625,\n              46.7276244872016\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.96197509765625,\n              46.98306306632431\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.53762817382814,\n              46.98306306632431\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.53762817382814,\n              46.7276244872016\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.96197509765625,\n              46.7276244872016\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"214","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57aaff98e4b05e859be0f94e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thelen, Weston A. 0000-0003-2534-5577 wthelen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-5577","contributorId":4126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelen","given":"Weston","email":"wthelen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allstadt, Kate E. 0000-0003-4977-5248 kallstadt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-5248","contributorId":167684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allstadt","given":"Kate","email":"kallstadt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Angelis, Silvio","contributorId":172953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Angelis","given":"Silvio","affiliations":[{"id":27128,"text":"Univ. of Liverpool","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malone, Stephen D.","contributorId":68135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vidale, John","contributorId":95804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vidale","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70173580,"text":"70173580 - 2013 - Fish assemblage relationships with physical characteristics and presence of dams in three eastern Iowa rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T14:33:58","indexId":"70173580","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish assemblage relationships with physical characteristics and presence of dams in three eastern Iowa rivers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fish assemblages in rivers of the Midwestern United States are an important component of the region's natural resources and biodiversity. We characterized the physical environment and presence of dams in a series of reaches in three eastern Iowa rivers tributary to the Mississippi River and related these characteristics to the fish assemblages present. Some physical characteristics were similar among the 12 study reaches, whereas others differed substantially. We found a total of 68 species across the 12 study reaches; 56 in the Turkey River, 51 in the Maquoketa River and 50 in the Wapsipinicon River. Seventeen species could be described as &lsquo;downstream-distributed&rsquo;; 15 being found only in the lowest reach of one or more rivers and the other two being found only in the lowest reaches or two or more contiguous reaches including the lowest reach. Two species could be described as &lsquo;upstream-distributed&rsquo;, being found only in an uppermost reach. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination illustrated similarities among reaches, and five physical variables were significantly correlated with assemblage similarities. Catchment area and number of dams between reaches and the Mississippi River were strongly correlated with assemblage similarities, but the directions of their effects were opposite. Catchment area and number of dams were confounded. The collective evidence to date suggests that the pervasiveness of dams on rivers significantly alters fish assemblages, making underlying patterns of species change and relationships with naturally varying and human-influenced physical characteristics along a river's course difficult to discern.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.2654","usgsCitation":"Pierce, C., Ahrens, N.L., Anna K. Loan-Wilsey, Simmons, G.A., and Gelwicks, G.T., 2013, Fish assemblage relationships with physical characteristics and presence of dams in three eastern Iowa rivers: River Research and Applications, v. 30, no. 4, p. 427-441, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2654.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"441","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036724","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1096&context=nrem_pubs","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9332e4b04f417c27514a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierce, Clay 0000-0001-5088-5431 cpierce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":150492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Clay","email":"cpierce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahrens, Nicholas L.","contributorId":171430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahrens","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":15296,"text":"Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Anna K. Loan-Wilsey","contributorId":171427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anna K. Loan-Wilsey","affiliations":[{"id":15296,"text":"Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Simmons, Gregory A.","contributorId":171428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simmons","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":26912,"text":"Iowa DNR, Manchester, IA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Gelwicks, Gregory T.","contributorId":171429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gelwicks","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":26912,"text":"Iowa DNR, Manchester, IA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70045265,"text":"ds756 - 2013 - A compilation of U.S. Geological Survey pesticide concentration data for water and sediment in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta region: 1990–2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-07T07:21:40","indexId":"ds756","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"756","title":"A compilation of U.S. Geological Survey pesticide concentration data for water and sediment in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta region: 1990–2010","docAbstract":"<p>Beginning around 2000, abundance indices of four pelagic fishes (delta smelt, striped bass, longfin smelt, and threadfin shad) within the San Francisco Bay and Sacramento&ndash;San Joaquin Delta began to decline sharply (Sommer and others, 2007). These declines collectively became known as the pelagic organism decline (POD). No single cause has been linked to this decline, and current theories suggest that combinations of multiple stressors are likely to blame. Contaminants (including current-use pesticides) are one potential stressor being investigated for its role in the POD (Anderson, 2007). Pesticide concentration data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) at multiple sites in the delta region over the past two decades are critical to understanding the potential effects of current-use pesticides on species of concern as well as the overall health of the delta ecosystem. In April 2010, a compilation of contaminant data for the delta region was published by the State Water Resources Control Board (Johnson and others, 2010). Pesticide occurrence was the major focus of this report, which concluded that &ldquo;there was insufficient high quality data available to make conclusions about the potential role of specific contaminants in the POD.&rdquo; The report cited multiple sources; however, data collected by the USGS were not included in the publication even though these data met all criteria listed for inclusion in the report. What follows is a summary of publicly available USGS data for pesticide concentrations in surface water and sediments within the Sacramento&ndash;San Joaquin Delta region from the years 1990 through 2010. Data were retrieved though the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) database, a publicly available online-data repository (U.S. Geological Survey, 1998), and from published USGS reports (also available online at http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/). The majority of the data were collected in support of two long term USGS monitoring programs&mdash;National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA; http://water.usgs.gov/ nawqa/) and National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN; http://water.usgs.gov/nasqan/)&mdash;and through projects associated with the USGS Toxics Substances Hydrology Program (http://toxics.usgs.gov/). In addition, data were collected during multiple research projects that were supported by various federal, state, and local agencies. Although these data have been previously published in some form, it is hoped that by focusing on samples collected within the delta region and presenting these data in a concise format, they will be a valuable resource for scientists, resource managers, and members of the public working to understand the role of pesticides in the POD and their potential effects on the overall health of the delta ecosystem.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds756","usgsCitation":"Orlando, J., 2013, A compilation of U.S. Geological Survey pesticide concentration data for water and sediment in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta region: 1990–2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 756, Report: v, 48 p.; Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds756.","productDescription":"Report: v, 48 p.; Appendixes","numberOfPages":"55","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds756.jpg"},{"id":270595,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/756/ds756_appendixes.xlsx"},{"id":270593,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/756/"},{"id":270594,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/756/pdf/ds756.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-san Joaquin Delta Region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.47695922851562,\n              37.80327385185868\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.47695922851562,\n              38.381498197198816\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.48818969726561,\n              38.591113776147445\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05697631835938,\n              38.052416771864834\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.53762817382814,\n              37.80327385185868\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.47695922851562,\n              37.80327385185868\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515fe720e4b03707eea09cfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":95954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045268,"text":"ofr20131054 - 2013 - User’s manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey: Water-Quality System","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":76959,"text":"ofr20061145 - 2006 - User's manual for the National Water Information Systemof the U.S. Geological Survey Water-Quality System","indexId":"ofr20061145","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"User's manual for the National Water Information Systemof the U.S. Geological Survey Water-Quality System"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70045268,"text":"ofr20131054 - 2013 - User’s manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey: Water-Quality System","indexId":"ofr20131054","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"User’s manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey: Water-Quality System"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-05T15:10:28","indexId":"ofr20131054","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1054","title":"User’s manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey: Water-Quality System","docAbstract":"This user documentation is designed to be a reference for the quality of water (QW) programs within the National Water Information System (NWIS). If you are a new user, the “Introduction” and “Getting Started” sections may be the right place for you to start. If you are an experienced user, you may want to go straight to the details provided in the “Program” section (section 3). Code lists and some miscellaneous reference materials are provided in the Appendices. The last section, “Tip Sheets,” is a collection of suggestions for accomplishing selected tasks, some of which are basic and some are advanced. These tip sheets are referenced in the main text of the documentation where appropriate.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131054","collaboration":"National Water Information System","usgsCitation":"Dupré, D., Scott, J.C., Clark, M.L., Canova, M., and Stoker, Y.E., 2013, User’s manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey: Water-Quality System (Water-Quality System, Version 5.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1054, iv, 730 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131054.","productDescription":"iv, 730 p.","numberOfPages":"771","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":450,"text":"National Water Information System","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131054.bmp"},{"id":270602,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1054/"},{"id":270603,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1054/pdf/OFR2013-1054_NWIS_ver5.pdf"}],"country":"United States","edition":"Water-Quality System, Version 5.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515fe728e4b03707eea09d05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dupré, David H.","contributorId":13505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dupré","given":"David H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, Jonathon C. jcscott@usgs.gov","contributorId":5449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Jonathon","email":"jcscott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":477175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Melanie L. mlclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Melanie","email":"mlclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Canova, Michael G. mcanova@usgs.gov","contributorId":3834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canova","given":"Michael G.","email":"mcanova@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stoker, Yvonne E. ystoker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoker","given":"Yvonne","email":"ystoker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":477174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70042773,"text":"70042773 - 2013 - Seed harvesting by a generalist consumer is context-dependent: Interactive effects across multiple spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-30T11:13:35","indexId":"70042773","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seed harvesting by a generalist consumer is context-dependent: Interactive effects across multiple spatial scales","docAbstract":"Granivore foraging decisions affect consumer success and determine the quantity and spatial pattern of seed survival. These decisions are influenced by environmental variation at spatial scales ranging from landscapes to local foraging patches. In a field experiment, the effects of seed patch variation across three spatial scales on seed removal by western harvester ants Pogonomyrmex occidentalis were evaluated. At the largest scale we assessed harvesting in different plant communities, at the intermediate scale we assessed harvesting at different distances from ant mounds, and at the smallest scale we assessed the effects of interactions among seed species in local seed neighborhoods on seed harvesting (i.e. resource–consumer interface). Selected seed species were presented alone (monospecific treatment) and in mixture with Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass; mixture treatment) at four distances from P. occidentalis mounds in adjacent intact sagebrush and non-native cheatgrass-dominated communities in the Great Basin, Utah, USA. Seed species differed in harvest, with B. tectorum being least preferred. Large and intermediate scale variation influenced harvest. More seeds were harvested in sagebrush than in cheatgrass-dominated communities (largest scale), and the quantity of seed harvested varied with distance from mounds (intermediate-scale), although the form of the distance effect differed between plant communities. At the smallest scale, seed neighborhood affected harvest, but the patterns differed among seed species considered. Ants harvested fewer seeds from mixed-seed neighborhoods than from monospecific neighborhoods, suggesting context dependence and potential associational resistance. Further, the effects of plant community and distance from mound on seed harvest in mixtures differed from their effects in monospecific treatments. Beyond the local seed neighborhood, selection of seed resources is better understood by simultaneously evaluating removal at multiple scales. Associational effects provide a useful theoretical basis for better understanding harvester ant foraging decisions. These results demonstrate the importance of ecological context for seed removal, which has implications for seed pools, plant populations and communities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oikos","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.19969.x","usgsCitation":"Ostoja, S.M., Schupp, E.W., and Klinger, R., 2013, Seed harvesting by a generalist consumer is context-dependent: Interactive effects across multiple spatial scales: Oikos, v. 122, no. 4, p. 563-574, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.19969.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"574","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-032557","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271643,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.19969.x"}],"country":"United States","volume":"122","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7ebe4b0df838b924d97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostoja, Steven M. sostoja@usgs.gov","contributorId":3039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostoja","given":"Steven","email":"sostoja@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":33665,"text":"USDA California Climate Hub, UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schupp, Eugene W.","contributorId":7824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schupp","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klinger, Rob","contributorId":62498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klinger","given":"Rob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70045266,"text":"sir20125229 - 2013 - The development and application of a decision support system for land management in the Lake Tahoe Basin—The Land Use Simulation Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-05T10:25:18","indexId":"sir20125229","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5229","title":"The development and application of a decision support system for land management in the Lake Tahoe Basin—The Land Use Simulation Model","docAbstract":"This report describes and applies the Land Use Simulation Model (LUSM), the final modeling product for the long-term decision support project funded by the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act and developed by the U.S. Geological Survey’s Western Geographic Science Center for the Lake Tahoe Basin. Within the context of the natural-resource management and anthropogenic issues of the basin and in an effort to advance land-use and land-cover change science, this report addresses the problem of developing the LUSM as a decision support system. It includes consideration of land-use modeling theory, fire modeling and disturbance in the wildland-urban interface, historical land-use change and its relation to active land management, hydrologic modeling and the impact of urbanization as related to the Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board’s recently developed Total Maximum Daily Load report for the basin, and biodiversity in urbanizing areas. The LUSM strives to inform land-management decisions in a complex regulatory environment by simulating parcel-based, land-use transitions with a stochastic, spatially constrained, agent-based model. The tool is intended to be useful for multiple purposes, including the multiagency Pathway 2007 regional planning effort, the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency (TRPA) Regional Plan Update, and complementary research endeavors and natural-resource-management efforts. The LUSM is an Internet-based, scenario-generation decision support tool for allocating retired and developed parcels over the next 20 years. Because USGS staff worked closely with TRPA staff and their “Code of Ordinances” and analyzed datasets of historical management and land-use practices, this report accomplishes the task of providing reasonable default values for a baseline scenario that can be used in the LUSM. One result from the baseline scenario for the model suggests that all vacant parcels could be allocated within 12 years. Results also include: assessment of model functionality, brief descriptions of the 7 basic output tables, assessment of the rate of change in land-use allocation pools over time, locations and amounts of the spatially explicit probabilities of land-use transitions by real estate commodity, and analysis of the state change from today’s existing land cover to potential land uses in the future. Assumptions and limitations of the model are presented. This report concludes with suggested next steps to support the continued utility of the LUSM and additional research avenues.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125229","usgsCitation":"Forney, W.M., Oldham, I.B., and Crescenti, N., 2013, The development and application of a decision support system for land management in the Lake Tahoe Basin—The Land Use Simulation Model: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5229, vi, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125229.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20125229.gif"},{"id":270597,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5229/"},{"id":270598,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5229/sir2012-5229.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.25,38.66 ], [ -120.25,39.33 ], [ -119.83,39.33 ], [ -119.83,38.66 ], [ -120.25,38.66 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515fe728e4b03707eea09d01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forney, William M.","contributorId":43490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forney","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oldham, I. Benson","contributorId":101377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oldham","given":"I.","email":"","middleInitial":"Benson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crescenti, Neil","contributorId":86239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crescenti","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70118535,"text":"70118535 - 2013 - Intermediate-depth earthquakes facilitated by eclogitization-related stresses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-29T10:15:03","indexId":"70118535","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-04T10:13:42","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intermediate-depth earthquakes facilitated by eclogitization-related stresses","docAbstract":"Eclogitization of the basaltic and gabbroic layer in the oceanic crust involves a volume reduction of 10%–15%. One consequence of the negative volume change is the formation of a paired stress field as a result of strain compatibility across the reaction front. Here we use waveform analysis of a tiny seismic cluster in the lower crust of the downgoing Pacific plate and reveal new evidence in favor of this mechanism: tensional earthquakes lying 1 km above compressional earthquakes, and earthquakes with highly similar waveforms lying on well-defined planes with complementary rupture areas. The tensional stress is interpreted to be caused by the dimensional mismatch between crust transformed to eclogite and underlying untransformed crust, and the earthquakes are probably facilitated by reactivation of fossil faults extant in the subducting plate. These observations provide seismic evidence for the role of volume change–related stresses and, possibly, fluid-related embrittlement as viable processes for nucleating earthquakes in downgoing oceanic lithosphere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G33796.1","usgsCitation":"Nakajima, J., Uchida, N., Shiina, T., Hasegawa, A., Hacker, B.R., and Kirby, S.H., 2013, Intermediate-depth earthquakes facilitated by eclogitization-related stresses: Geology, v. 41, no. 6, p. 659-662, https://doi.org/10.1130/G33796.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"659","endPage":"662","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291259,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G33796.1"}],"volume":"41","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f314e4b0bc0bec0a077d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakajima, Junichi","contributorId":67429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakajima","given":"Junichi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Uchida, Naoki","contributorId":36408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uchida","given":"Naoki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shiina, Takahiro","contributorId":63737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shiina","given":"Takahiro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hasegawa, Akira","contributorId":85822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hasegawa","given":"Akira","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hacker, Bradley R.","contributorId":101576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hacker","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70045263,"text":"ofr20131045 - 2013 - Soil data from fire and permafrost-thaw chronosequences in upland Picea mariana stands near Hess Creek and Tok, interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-04T17:50:50","indexId":"ofr20131045","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1045","title":"Soil data from fire and permafrost-thaw chronosequences in upland Picea mariana stands near Hess Creek and Tok, interior Alaska","docAbstract":"Soils of the Northern Circumpolar Permafrost region harbor 1,672 petagrams (Pg) (1 Pg = 1,000,000,000 kilograms) of organic carbon (OC), nearly 50 percent of the global belowground OC pool (Tarnocai and others, 2009). Of that soil OC, nearly 88 percent is presently stored in perennially frozen ground. Recent climate warming at northern latitudes has resulted in warming and thawing of permafrost in many regions (Osterkamp, 2007), which might mobilize OC stocks from associated soil reservoirs via decomposition, leaching, or erosion. Warming also has increased the magnitude and severity of wildfires in the boreal region (Turetsky and others, 2011), which might exacerbate rates of permafrost degradation relative to warming alone. Given the size and vulnerability of the soil OC pool in permafrost soils, permafrost thaw will likely function as a strong positive feedback to the climate system (Koven and others, 2011; Schaefer and others, 2011).\n\nIn this report, we report soil OC inventories from two upland fire chronosequences located near Hess Creek and Tok in Interior Alaska. We sampled organic and mineral soils in the top 2 meters (m) across a range of stand ages to evaluate the effects of wildfire and permafrost thaw on soil C dynamics. These data were used to parameterize a simple process-based fire-permafrost-carbon model, which is described in detail by O’Donnell and others (2011a, b). Model simulations examine long-term changes in soil OC storage in response to fire, permafrost thaw, and climate change. These data also have been used in other papers, including Harden and others (2012), which examines C recovery post-fire, and Johnson and others (2011), which synthesizes data within the Alaska Soil Carbon Database. Findings from these studies highlight the importance of climate and disturbance (wildfire, permafrost thaw) on soil C storage, and loss of soil C from high-latitude ecosystems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131045","usgsCitation":"O’Donnell, J.A., Harden, J.W., Manies, K.L., Jorgenson, M., Kanevskiy, M., and Xu, X., 2013, Soil data from fire and permafrost-thaw chronosequences in upland Picea mariana stands near Hess Creek and Tok, interior Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1045, iii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131045.","productDescription":"iii, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":555,"text":"Soil Biogeochemistry Group","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270592,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131045.gif"},{"id":270591,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1045/data"},{"id":270589,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1045/"},{"id":270590,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1045/of2013-1045_text.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Hess Creek;Tok","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,51.2 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -130.0,71.4 ], [ -130.0,51.2 ], [ 172.5,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515e92f7e4b088aa2258092a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A.","contributorId":84138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manies, Kristen L. 0000-0003-4941-9657 kmanies@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-9657","contributorId":2136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"Kristen","email":"kmanies@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":40486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kanevskiy, Mikhail","contributorId":60511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanevskiy","given":"Mikhail","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Xu, Xiaomei","contributorId":32055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Xiaomei","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70045255,"text":"70045255 - 2013 - Grazing effects on aboveground primary production and root biomass of early-seral, mid-seral, and undisturbed semiarid grassland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-04T13:45:36","indexId":"70045255","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grazing effects on aboveground primary production and root biomass of early-seral, mid-seral, and undisturbed semiarid grassland","docAbstract":"Annual/perennial and tall/short plant species differentially dominate early to late successional shortgrass steppe communities. Plant species can have different ratios of above-/below-ground biomass distributions and this can be modified by precipitation and grazing. We compared grazing effects on aboveground production and root biomass in early- and mid-seral fields and undisturbed shortgrass steppe. Production averaged across four years and grazed and ungrazed treatments were 246, 134, and 102 g m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup> for the early-, mid-seral, and native sites, respectively, while root biomass averaged 358, 560, and 981 g m<sup>−2</sup>, respectively. Early- and mid-seral communities provided complimentary forage supplies but at the cost of root biomass. Grazing increased, decreased, or had no effect on aboveground production in early-, mid-seral, and native communities, and had no effect on roots in any. Grazing had some negative effects on early spring forage species, but not in the annual dominated early-seral community. Dominant species increased with grazing in native communities with a long evolutionary history of grazing by large herbivores, but had no effects on the same species in mid-seral communities. Effects of grazing in native communities in a region cannot necessarily be used to predict effects at other seral stages.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.012","usgsCitation":"Milchunas, D., and Vandever, M., 2013, Grazing effects on aboveground primary production and root biomass of early-seral, mid-seral, and undisturbed semiarid grassland: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 92, p. 81-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.012.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"88","ipdsId":"IP-044874","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270580,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270579,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.012"}],"volume":"92","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515e92f5e4b088aa2258091e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milchunas, D.G.","contributorId":75778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milchunas","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vandever, M.W.","contributorId":100329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandever","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045247,"text":"ofr20131080 - 2013 - Detection of environmental DNA of Bigheaded Carps in samples collected from selected locations in the St. Croix River and in the Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-04T10:29:27","indexId":"ofr20131080","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1080","title":"Detection of environmental DNA of Bigheaded Carps in samples collected from selected locations in the St. Croix River and in the Mississippi River","docAbstract":"The use of molecular methods, such as the detection of environmental deoxyribonucleic acid (eDNA), have become an increasingly popular tool in surveillance programs that monitor for the presence of invasive species in aquatic systems. One early application of these methods in aquatic systems was surveillance for DNA of Asian carps (specifically bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp H. molitrix) in water samples taken from the Chicago Area Waterway System. The ability to identify DNA of a species in an environmental sample presents a potentially powerful tool because these sensitive analyses can presumably detect the presence of DNA in water even when the species is not abundant or are difficult to catch or monitor with traditional gear. Prior to research presented in this report, an initial eDNA surveillance effort was completed in selected locations in the Upper Mississippi and St. Croix Rivers in 2011 after the capture of a bighead carp in the St. Croix River near Prescott, WI. Data presented in this report were developed to duplicate the 2011 monitoring results from the Upper Mississippi and St. Croix Rivers and to provide critical insight into the technique to inform future work in these locations. We specifically sought to understand the potential confounding effects of other pathways of eDNA movement (e.g., fish-eating birds, watercraft) on the variation in background DNA by collecting water samples from (1) sites within the St. Croix River and the upper Mississippi River where the DNA of silver carp was previously detected, (2) sites considered to be free of Asian carp, and (3) a site known to have a large population of Asian carp. We also sought to establish a baseline Asian carp eDNA signature to which future eDNA sampling efforts could be compared. All samples taken as part of this effort were processed using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) according to procedures outlined in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Quality Assurance Project Plan with minor deviations designed to enhance the rigor of our data. Presence of DNA in PCR-positive samples was confirmed by Sanger sequencing (forward and reverse) and sequences were considered positive only if sequences (forward and reverse) of ≥150 base pairs had a match of ≥95% to those of published sequences for bighead carp or silver carp. The DNA of bighead carp and silver carp was not detected in environmental samples collected above and below St. Croix Falls Dam on the St. Croix River, above and below the Coon Rapids Dam and below Lock and Dam 1 on the Upper Mississippi River, and from two negative control lakes, Square Lake and Lake Riley. The DNA of silver carp was detected in environmental samples collected below Lock and Dam 19 at Keokuk, Iowa, a reach of the river with high silver carp abundance. The portion (68%) of environmental samples taken below Lock and Dam 19 that were determined to contain the DNA of silver carp was similar to that reported in the scientific literature for other abundant species. The DNA of bighead carp, however, was not detected in environmental samples collected below Lock and Dam 19, a reach of the river known to have bighead carp. Previous reported detections of the DNA of silver carp in samples collected in 2011 were not replicated in this study. Additional analyses are planned for the DNA extracted from the samples collected in 2012. Those analyses may provide additional information regarding the lack of amplification of bighead carp DNA and the lengths of the sequences of silver carp DNA present in samples taken below Lock and Dam 19. These additional analyses may help inform the use of eDNA monitoring in large, complex systems like the Mississippi River.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131080","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the University of Minnesota","usgsCitation":"Amberg, J., McCalla, S., Miller, L., Sorensen, P., and Gaikowski, M.P., 2013, Detection of environmental DNA of Bigheaded Carps in samples collected from selected locations in the St. Croix River and in the Mississippi River: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1080, iv, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131080.","productDescription":"iv, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131080.gif"},{"id":270562,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1080/"},{"id":270563,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1080/pdf/OFR2013-1080.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"St. Croix River;Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.5,18.9 ], [ 172.5,71.4 ], [ -66.9,71.4 ], [ -66.9,18.9 ], [ 172.5,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515e92f3e4b088aa22580916","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amberg, Jon J. jamberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon J.","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCalla, S. Grace smccalla@usgs.gov","contributorId":4897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCalla","given":"S. Grace","email":"smccalla@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Loren","contributorId":52058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Loren","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sorensen, Peter","contributorId":9935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorensen","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70045251,"text":"70045251 - 2013 - Grazing effects on plant community succession of early- and mid-seral seeded grassland compared to shortgrass steppe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-16T09:24:27","indexId":"70045251","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grazing effects on plant community succession of early- and mid-seral seeded grassland compared to shortgrass steppe","docAbstract":"Questions: Grazing may speed or slow secondary succession, and the direction may depend on seral stage and relative tolerance of native perennial grasses compared with annual invasive species. How does grazing affect succession where undisturbed communities have a long evolutionary history of grazing by native herbivores and are tolerant to livestock grazing?\nLocation: Shortgrass steppe, North American Great Plains, Colorado (40°49′N, 104°46′W), USA.\nMethods: Ungrazed and grazed early-seral (4–6 yr) and mid-seral (18–20 yr) seeded fields (Conservation Reserve Program) and traditionally grazed native steppe were compared for effects on plant composition in relation to changes expected from regional succession models.\nResults: Recovery towards undisturbed native shortgrass steppe for early- and mid-seral communities, respectively, was 19% and 36% for total vegetation cover, 5% and 21% for planted native species, 10% and 88% for non-planted native perennial grasses, only 0.2% and 13% for short grasses, and overall dissimilarity in community species compositions was 97% and 68%. In general, grazing effects were neutral or most often not significant in all years and/or were small in overall community magnitude. The early-seral community displayed more changes indicative of a slowing of succession with grazing (total vegetative and grass basal cover) rather than reducing invasive species (species targeted by timing of grazing), although drought had limited the establishment of grazing-tolerant short grasses. The mid-seral community showed more changes consistent with advancing successional recovery with grazing (overall community dissimilarity, forbs, planted native perennial grasses, tall grasses and target species). However, non-planted native perennial grasses responded negatively to grazing in the mid-seral community and positively in native shortgrass steppe where outside seed would originate.\nConclusions: Grazing effects on particular functional groups and species were not the same across seral stages, were mixed in terms of speeding or slowing succession, and were generally not large at the community level. Evolutionary history of grazing may serve as a general guide but decisions on whether to graze successional grasslands may best be made after assessing whether tolerant perennial short grass species are significant components. Monitoring may then be necessary to determine species responses in particular community matrixes and effects on subsequent immigration of non-seeded native perennial species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Vegetation Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/jvs.12049","usgsCitation":"Milchunas, D.G., and Vandever, M., 2013, Grazing effects on plant community succession of early- and mid-seral seeded grassland compared to shortgrass steppe: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 25, no. 1, p. 22-35, https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12049.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-044876","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270578,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270577,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12049"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.46,40.49 ], [ -104.46,40.49 ], [ -104.46,40.49 ], [ -104.46,40.49 ], [ -104.46,40.49 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515e92f6e4b088aa22580922","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milchunas, Daniel G.","contributorId":74263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milchunas","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vandever, Mark W.","contributorId":59870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandever","given":"Mark W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045259,"text":"sir20135034 - 2013 - Groundwater withdrawals 1976, 1990, and 2000--10 and land-surface-elevation changes 2000--10 in Harris, Galveston, Fort Bend, Montgomery, and Brazoria Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T14:45:41","indexId":"sir20135034","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5034","title":"Groundwater withdrawals 1976, 1990, and 2000--10 and land-surface-elevation changes 2000--10 in Harris, Galveston, Fort Bend, Montgomery, and Brazoria Counties, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The study area comprising Harris County and parts of Galveston, Fort Bend, Montgomery, and Brazoria Counties in southeastern Texas forms part of one of the largest areas of land-surface-elevation change in the United States. Land-surface-elevation change in the study area primarily is caused by the withdrawal of groundwater. Groundwater withdrawn from the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers has been the primary source of water for municipal supply, industrial and commercial use, and irrigation in the study area. Groundwater withdrawals cause compaction of clay and silt layers abundant in the aquifers, which has in turn resulted in the widespread, substantial land-surface-elevation changes in the region with increased flooding. To estimate land-surface-elevation changes, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District (HGSD), documented land-surface-elevation changes in the study area that occurred during 2000&ndash;10 and 2005&ndash;10 based on elevation data measured by 11 USGS borehole-extensometer sites, a National Geodetic Survey Continuously Operating Reference Station, and Global Positioning System Port-A-Measure (PAM) sites operated by the HGSD and the Fort Bend Subsidence District. Groundwater withdrawals in the study area also were documented for 1976, 1990, and 2000&ndash;10.</p>\n<p>In 1976, about 428.9 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) were withdrawn from the aquifer system in Harris County, but by 2000, because of HGSD regulation, withdrawals had decreased to about 337.8 Mgal/d, or about a 21-percent reduction since 1976. By 2010, withdrawals had decreased to about 227.1 Mgal/d, or about a 47-percent reduction since 1976. Among the counties in the study area, the largest decrease in groundwater withdrawals has occurred in Galveston County since 1976. In 1976, about 27.4 Mgal/d were withdrawn from the aquifer system, and by 2000, withdrawals had decreased to about 4.12 Mgal/d, or about an 85-percent reduction since 1976. By 2010, withdrawals had decreased to about 0.626 Mgal/d, or about a 98-percent decrease since 1976.</p>\n<p>Since the mid-1970s, Fort Bend and Montgomery Counties have undergone extensive urban development and corresponding large increases in groundwater withdrawals. Total groundwater withdrawal for Fort Bend County in 1976 was about 16.0 Mgal/d, and by 2000, withdrawals had increased to about 86.5 Mgal/d, or about a 441-percent increase since 1976. By 2010, withdrawals in Fort Bend County had increased to about 99.8 Mgal/d, or about a 524-percent increase since 1976. Total groundwater withdrawal for Montgomery County in 1976 was about 7.84 Mgal/d, and by 2000, withdrawals had increased to about 43.6 Mgal/d, or about a 456-percent increase since 1976. By 2010, withdrawals in Montgomery County had increased to about 64.2 Mgal/d, or about a 719-percent increase since 1976. Total groundwater withdrawal in Brazoria County in 1976 was about 18.0 Mgal/d, and by 2000, withdrawals had increased to about 26.0 Mgal/d, or about a 44-percent increase. By 2010, withdrawals in Brazoria County had increased to about 24.7 Mgal/d, or about a 37-percent increase since 1976.</p>\n<p>Measured land-surface-elevation changes from December 31, 2000, to December 31, 2010, ranged from an elevation increase of 0.06 feet (ft), or an average increase in elevation of 0.006 ft per year, at the Seabrook borehole extensometer located near Seabrook, Tex., to an elevation decrease of 1.28 ft, or an average decrease in elevation of 0.128 ft per year, at a PAM station north of Jersey Village, Tex. (PAM 07). Measured land-surface-elevation changes from December 31, 2005, to December 31, 2010, ranged from an elevation increase of 0.07 ft, or an average increase in elevation of 0.014 ft per year, at PAM 09 in far northeastern Harris County to an elevation decrease of 0.51 ft, or an average decrease in elevation of 0.102 ft per year, at PAM 07.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135034","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District","usgsCitation":"Kasmarek, M.C., and Johnson, M., 2013, Groundwater withdrawals 1976, 1990, and 2000--10 and land-surface-elevation changes 2000--10 in Harris, Galveston, Fort Bend, Montgomery, and Brazoria Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5034, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135034.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1976-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135034.gif"},{"id":270587,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5034/pdf/sir2013-5034.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.06 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":270586,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5034/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Brazoria County, Fort Bend County, Galveston County, Harris County, Montgomery County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.125,28.95 ], [ -96.125,29.216667 ], [ -95.6,29.216667 ], [ -95.6,28.95 ], [ -96.125,28.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515e92f7e4b088aa22580926","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kasmarek, Mark C. 0000-0003-2808-2506 mckasmar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-2506","contributorId":1968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasmarek","given":"Mark","email":"mckasmar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Michaela R. 0000-0001-6133-0247 mrjohns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6133-0247","contributorId":1013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michaela R.","email":"mrjohns@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045256,"text":"70045256 - 2013 - The challenge of wolf recovery: an ongoing dilemma for state managers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T11:23:40","indexId":"70045256","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3587,"text":"The Wildlife Professional","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The challenge of wolf recovery: an ongoing dilemma for state managers","docAbstract":"“Dave, would you do another legal declaration on the wolf for us?” The weary voice on the phone belonged to Mike Jimenez, Northern Rocky Mountain Wolf Management and Science Coordinator for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). He was calling from Wyoming to ask me to prepare a document to address a legal challenge to the FWS’s August 2012 delisting of the wolf (Canis lupus) in Wyoming, a highly controversial move. Mike’s tone reflected the reality that — as so many wildlife biologists know and live each day — wildlife management is mainly people management. This contention could not be truer for managing any wildlife species than for managing the wolf. Dubbed “the beast of waste and desolation” by Teddy Roosevelt (The Wilderness Hunter 1893/1900), wolves had been universally hated as prolific predators of valuable livestock and game. Around the turn of the 20th century, members of the U.S. Biological Survey and various state agents, ranchers, cowboys, and other frontiersmen poisoned and persecuted wolves, extirpating them from most of the contiguous United States (Young and Goldman 1944). By 1967, Minnesota and nearby Isle Royale National Park in Michigan held the only remaining wolves in the Lower 48 states, prompting the FWS to place the wolf on the Endangered Species List (established by the Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966). The wolf then became the list’s poster species, and the timing was ideal: Silent Spring (Carson 1962) had just seeded and fertilized the environmental movement, which blossomed on Earth Day (April 22, 1970) into the environmental revolution. “Save the wolf!” became one of the movement’s rallying cries. And save the wolf we did.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Wildlife Professional","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2013, The challenge of wolf recovery: an ongoing dilemma for state managers: The Wildlife Professional, v. 2013, no. Spring, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-042926","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270582,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://news.wildlife.org/featured/the-challenge-of-wolf-recovery/"}],"volume":"2013","issue":"Spring","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515e92f8e4b088aa2258092e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045220,"text":"70045220 - 2013 - Phragmites australis expansion in a restored brackish marsh: documentation at different time scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-03T21:28:33","indexId":"70045220","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phragmites australis expansion in a restored brackish marsh: documentation at different time scales","docAbstract":"Invasive plants in restored habitats can alter the system such that restoration goals are not met. Non-native lineages of Phragmites australis (hereafter Phragmites) are invasive in North American wetlands, and their presence can be problematic because of decreased species diversity and altered physicochemical processes. Phragmites is a challenging species for restoration because both native and non-native lineages can co-occur. We documented Phragmites expansion in a brackish marsh in Louisiana, USA that was restored with dredged sediments. Invasive Phragmites clones were inadvertently planted at the site. Phragmites expansion was documented through field measurements and aerial imagery. No growth differences were apparent between lineages during the first growing season. Horizontal expansion of 2.27 ± 0.15 m (mean ± 1SE) 5 months after planting occurred through rhizome growth. Seven years after planting, three patches with a combined aerial cover of about 0.7 ha were delineated. The study verified that Phragmites can grow relatively rapidly and persist on dredged sediments. Long-term rapid growth of invasive Phragmites may be a positive attribute in areas subject to high erosion and subsidence rates, despite reductions in species diversity. Acceptability of the presence of invasive Phragmites will depend on restoration goals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s13157-012-0368-7","usgsCitation":"Howard, R.J., and Turluck, T.D., 2013, Phragmites australis expansion in a restored brackish marsh: documentation at different time scales: Wetlands, v. 33, no. 2, p. 207-215, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-012-0368-7.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"215","ipdsId":"IP-039098","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270510,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-012-0368-7"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.0,28.93 ], [ -94.0,33.0 ], [ -88.82,33.0 ], [ -88.82,28.93 ], [ -94.0,28.93 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515d4160e4b0803bd2eec4f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Rebecca J. 0000-0001-7264-4364 howardr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4364","contributorId":2429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Rebecca","email":"howardr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turluck, Theodore D.","contributorId":50060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turluck","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045243,"text":"sir20135027 - 2013 - Identification and evaluation of scientific uncertainties related to fish and aquatic resources in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon - summary and interpretation of an expert-elicitation questionnaire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-04T07:41:32","indexId":"sir20135027","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5027","title":"Identification and evaluation of scientific uncertainties related to fish and aquatic resources in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon - summary and interpretation of an expert-elicitation questionnaire","docAbstract":"Identifying areas of scientific uncertainty is a critical step in the adaptive management process (Walters, 1986; Runge, Converse, and Lyons, 2011). To identify key areas of scientific uncertainty regarding biologic resources of importance to the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program, the Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (GCMRC) convened Knowledge Assessment Workshops in May and July 2005. One of the products of these workshops was a set of strategic science questions that highlighted key areas of scientific uncertainty. These questions were intended to frame and guide the research and monitoring activities conducted by the GCMRC in subsequent years. Questions were developed collaboratively by scientists and managers. The questions were not all of equal importance or merit—some questions were large scale and others were small scale. Nevertheless, these questions were adopted and have guided the research and monitoring efforts conducted by the GCMRC since 2005.\n\nA new round of Knowledge Assessment Workshops was convened by the GCMRC in June and October 2011 and January 2012 to determine whether the research and monitoring activities conducted since 2005 had successfully answered some of the strategic science questions. Oral presentations by scientists highlighting research findings were a centerpiece of all three of the 2011–12 workshops. Each presenter was also asked to provide an answer to the strategic science questions that were specific to the presenter’s research area. One limitation of this approach is that these answers represented the views of the handful of scientists who developed the presentations, and, as such, they did not incorporate other perspectives. Thus, the answers provided by presenters at the Knowledge Assessment Workshops may not have accurately captured the sentiments of the broader group of scientists involved in research and monitoring of the Colorado River in Glen and Grand Canyons. Yet a fundamental ingredient of resilient decisionmaking and problem-solving is incorporation of a wide range of perspectives (Carpenter and others, 2009). To ensure that a wide range of scientists had an opportunity to weigh in on the strategic science questions, the GCMRC elicited additional perspectives through written questionnaires. Independently soliciting responses from scientists through questionnaires had the added advantage of allowing all scientists to freely and openly share their views on complex and controversial topics—something which may not have occurred in the group setting of the June 2011 Knowledge Assessment Workshop because of dominance by one or more scientists. The purpose of this report is to document and interpret the questionnaire responses.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135027","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, T., 2013, Identification and evaluation of scientific uncertainties related to fish and aquatic resources in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon - summary and interpretation of an expert-elicitation questionnaire: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5027, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135027.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135027.png"},{"id":270527,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5027/"},{"id":270528,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5027/pdf/sir20135027.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.9799,35.7503 ], [ -113.9799,36.8654 ], [ -111.5871,36.8654 ], [ -111.5871,35.7503 ], [ -113.9799,35.7503 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515d415fe4b0803bd2eec4f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Theodore A. 0000-0003-3477-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-3629","contributorId":50227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Theodore A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045242,"text":"70045242 - 2013 - The effects of juvenile American shad planktivory on zooplankton production in Columbia River food webs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T15:32:18","indexId":"70045242","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of juvenile American shad planktivory on zooplankton production in Columbia River food webs","docAbstract":"<p>Columbia River reservoirs support a large population of nonnative American Shad <i>Alosa sapidissima</i> that consume the zooplankton that native fishes also rely on. We hypothesized that the unprecedented biomass of juvenile American Shad in John Day Reservoir is capable of altering the zooplankton community if these fish consume a large portion of the zooplankton production. We derived taxon-specific estimates of zooplankton production using field data and a production model from the literature. Empirical daily ration was estimated for American Shad and expanded to population-level consumption using abundance and biomass data from hydroacoustic surveys. <i>Daphnia</i> spp. production was high in early summer but declined to near zero by September as shad abundance increased. American Shad sequentially consumed <i>Daphnia</i> spp., copepods, and <i>Bosmina</i> spp., which tracked the production trends of these taxa. American Shad evacuation rates ranged from 0.09 to 0.24/h, and daily rations ranged from 0.008 to 0.045&nbsp;g&middot;g<sup>&minus;1</sup>&middot;d<sup>&minus;1</sup> (dry weight) over all years. We observed peak American Shad biomass (45.2&nbsp;kg/ha) in 1994, and daily consumption (1.6&nbsp;kg/ha) approached 30% (5.3&nbsp;kg/ha) of zooplankton production. On average, American Shad consumed 23.6% of the available zooplankton production (range, &lt;1&ndash;83%). The changes in the zooplankton community are consistent with a top-down effect of planktivory by American Shad associated with their unprecedented biomass and consumption, but the effects are likely constrained by temperature, nutrient flux, and the seasonal production patterns of zooplankton in John Day Reservoir. American Shad add to the planktivory exerted by other species like <i>Neomysis mercedis</i> to reduce the capacity of the reservoir to support other planktivorous fishes. The introduction of American Shad and other nonnative species will continue to alter the food web in John Day Reservoir, potentially affecting native fishes, including Pacific salmon <i>Oncorhynchus</i> spp.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2012.728164","usgsCitation":"Haskell, C.A., Tiffan, K.F., and Rondorf, D.W., 2013, The effects of juvenile American shad planktivory on zooplankton production in Columbia River food webs: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 142, no. 3, p. 606-620, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.728164.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"606","endPage":"620","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036417","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270553,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.0,45.37 ], [ -124.0,55.0 ], [ -112.8,55.0 ], [ -112.8,45.37 ], [ -124.0,45.37 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"142","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515d4162e4b0803bd2eec503","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haskell, Craig A. 0000-0002-3604-1758 chaskell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3604-1758","contributorId":3458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haskell","given":"Craig","email":"chaskell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tiffan, Kenneth F. 0000-0002-5831-2846 ktiffan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-2846","contributorId":3200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"Kenneth","email":"ktiffan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rondorf, Dennis W. drondorf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"Dennis","email":"drondorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70045245,"text":"sir20125255 - 2013 - Assessment of historical surface-water quality data in southwestern Colorado, 1990-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-04T07:34:01","indexId":"sir20125255","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5255","title":"Assessment of historical surface-water quality data in southwestern Colorado, 1990-2005","docAbstract":"The spatial and temporal distribution of selected physical and chemical surface-water-quality characteristics were analyzed at stream sites throughout the Dolores and San Juan River Basins in southwestern Colorado using historical data collected from 1990 through 2005 by various local, State, Tribal, and Federal agencies. Overall, streams throughout the study area were well oxygenated. Values of pH generally were near neutral to slightly alkaline throughout most of the study area with the exception of the upper Animas River Basin near Silverton where acidic conditions existed at some sites because of hydrothermal alteration and(or) historical mining. The highest concentrations of dissolved aluminum, total recoverable iron, dissolved lead, and dissolved zinc were measured at sites located in the upper Animas River Basin. Thirty-two sites throughout the study area had at least one measured concentration of total mercury that exceeded the State chronic aquatic-life criterion of 0.01 μg/L. Concentrations of dissolved selenium at some sites exceeded the State chronic water-quality standard of 4.6 μg/L. Total ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, and total phosphorus concentrations generally were low throughout the study area. Overall, results from the trend analyses indicated improvement in water-quality conditions as a result of operation of the Paradox Valley Unit in the Dolores River Basin and irrigation and water-delivery system improvements made in the McElmo Creek Basin (Lower San Juan River Basin) and Mancos River Valley (Upper San Juan River Basin).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125255","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Reclamation, Southwestern Water Conservation District, San Miguel County, and Telluride Power/Water","usgsCitation":"Miller, L.D., Schaffrath, K.R., and Linard, J.I., 2013, Assessment of historical surface-water quality data in southwestern Colorado, 1990-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5255, vii, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125255.","productDescription":"vii, 74 p.","numberOfPages":"85","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1990-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270546,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20125255.gif"},{"id":270544,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5255/"},{"id":270545,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5255/SIR12-5255.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515d4154e4b0803bd2eec4eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Lisa D. 0000-0002-3523-0768 ldmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-0768","contributorId":1125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Lisa","email":"ldmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaffrath, Keelin R.","contributorId":7552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffrath","given":"Keelin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linard, Joshua I. jilinard@usgs.gov","contributorId":1465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linard","given":"Joshua","email":"jilinard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70045246,"text":"ofr20131079 - 2013 - Behavior and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon at Cougar Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March 2011 - February 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-04T07:20:20","indexId":"ofr20131079","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1079","title":"Behavior and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon at Cougar Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March 2011 - February 2012","docAbstract":"The movements and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon implanted with acoustic transmitters and passive integrated transponder tags were studied at Cougar Reservoir and Dam, near Springfield, Oregon. The purpose of the study was to provide information to aid with decisions about potential alternatives for improving downstream passage conditions for juvenile salmonids in this flood-control reservoir. In 2011, a total of 411 hatchery fish and 26 wild fish were tagged and released during a 3-month period in the spring, and another 356 hatchery fish and 117 wild fish were released during a 3-month period in the fall. A series of 16 autonomous hydrophones throughout the reservoir and 12 hydrophones in a collective system near the dam outlet were used to determine general movements and dam passage of the fish over the life of the acoustic transmitter, which was expected to be about 3 months. Movements within the reservoir were directional, and it was common for fish to migrate repeatedly from the head of the reservoir downstream to the dam outlet and back to the head of the reservoir. Most fish were detected near the temperature control tower at least once. The median time from release near the head of the reservoir to detection within about 100 meters of the dam outlet at the temperature control tower was between 5.7 and 10.8 days, depending on season and fish origin. Dam passage events occurred over a wider range of dates in the spring and summer than in the fall and winter, but dam passage numbers were greatest during the fall and winter. A total of 10.5 percent (43 of 411) of the hatchery fish and 15.4 percent (4 of 26) of the wild fish released in the spring are assumed to have passed the dam, whereas a total of 25.3 percent (90 of 356) of the hatchery fish and 16.9 percent (30 of 117) of the wild fish released in the fall are assumed to have passed the dam. A small number of fish passed the dam after their transmitters had stopped working and were detected at passive integrated transponder detectors at various locations downstream of the dam, indicating some tagged fish passed the dam undetected. The rate of dam passage was affected by diel period, discharge, and reservoir elevation. Diel period was the most influential factor of those examined, with nighttime dam passage rates about 9 times greater than daytime rates, depending on the distance of fish from the dam outlet. Dam passage rates also were positively related to dam discharge, and negatively related to reservoir elevation. In the operational condition used as an example, fish approached the dam outlet at the temperature control tower from the south and east and, when most fish got near the tower, they were directly in front of it. In many cases, the results for wild and hatchery fish were similar, or the results suggested hatchery fish could be reasonable surrogates for wild fish. Hatchery-origin and wild-origin fish behaved similarly in the following ways: their general movements in the reservoir; the timing of their dam passage; and the effects of diel period, discharge, and elevation on their passage rates. Parasitic copepods were present on most wild fish examined, and the mortality of wild fish during capture, handling and tagging was much greater than that of hatchery fish. This suggests that the ability of wild fish to cope with stressors may be less than that of fish directly from the hatchery.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131079","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Hansel, H.C., Hansen, A.C., Haner, P.V., Sprando, J.M., Smith, C., Evans, S.D., and Hatton, T., 2013, Behavior and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon at Cougar Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March 2011 - February 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1079, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131079.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-03-01","temporalEnd":"2012-02-29","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270549,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131079.png"},{"id":270547,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1079/"},{"id":270548,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1079/pdf/ofr20131079.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Cougar Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.2463,44.0565 ], [ -122.2463,44.1292 ], [ -122.205,44.1292 ], [ -122.205,44.0565 ], [ -122.2463,44.0565 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515d415ee4b0803bd2eec4ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansel, Hal C. 0000-0002-3537-8244 hhansel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-8244","contributorId":2887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansel","given":"Hal","email":"hhansel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, Amy C. 0000-0002-0298-9137 achansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-9137","contributorId":4350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Amy","email":"achansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haner, Philip V. 0000-0001-6940-487X phaner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6940-487X","contributorId":2364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haner","given":"Philip","email":"phaner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sprando, Jamie M. jsprando@usgs.gov","contributorId":4005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprando","given":"Jamie","email":"jsprando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Collin D. 0000-0003-4184-5686 cdsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4184-5686","contributorId":7915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Collin D.","email":"cdsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Evans, Scott D. 0000-0003-0452-7726 sdevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7726","contributorId":4408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Scott","email":"sdevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hatton, Tyson W. 0000-0002-2874-0719","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2874-0719","contributorId":9112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatton","given":"Tyson W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":477132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70043515,"text":"70043515 - 2013 - Whole-coal versus ash basis in coal geochemistry: a mathematical approach to consistent interpretations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-20T13:50:35","indexId":"70043515","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Whole-coal versus ash basis in coal geochemistry: a mathematical approach to consistent interpretations","docAbstract":"Several standard methods require coal to be ashed prior to geochemical analysis. Researchers, however, are commonly interested in the compositional nature of the whole-coal, not its ash. Coal geochemical data for any given sample can, therefore, be reported in the ash basis on which it is analyzed or the whole-coal basis to which the ash basis data are back calculated. Basic univariate (mean, variance, distribution, etc.) and bivariate (correlation coefficients, etc.) measures of the same suite of samples can be very different depending which reporting basis the researcher uses. These differences are not real, but an artifact resulting from the compositional nature of most geochemical data. The technical term for this artifact is subcompositional incoherence. Since compositional data are forced to a constant sum, such as 100% or 1,000,000 ppm, they possess curvilinear properties which make the Euclidean principles on which most statistical tests rely inappropriate, leading to erroneous results. Applying the isometric logratio (ilr) transformation to compositional data allows them to be represented in Euclidean space and evaluated using traditional tests without fear of producing mathematically inconsistent results. When applied to coal geochemical data, the issues related to differences between the two reporting bases are resolved as demonstrated in this paper using major oxide and trace metal data from the Pennsylvanian-age Pond Creek coal of eastern Kentucky, USA. Following ilr transformation, univariate statistics, such as mean and variance, still differ between the ash basis and whole-coal basis, but in predictable and calculated manners. Further, the stability between two different components, a bivariate measure, is identical, regardless of the reporting basis. The application of ilr transformations addresses both the erroneous results of Euclidean-based measurements on compositional data as well as the inconsistencies observed on coal geochemical data reported on different bases.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2013.02.008","usgsCitation":"Geboy, N., Engle, M.A., and Hower, J., 2013, Whole-coal versus ash basis in coal geochemistry: a mathematical approach to consistent interpretations: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 113, no. 1, p. 41-49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.02.008.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"49","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042334","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270464,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.02.008"}],"volume":"113","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515d4163e4b0803bd2eec507","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geboy, Nicholas J. ngeboy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geboy","given":"Nicholas J.","email":"ngeboy@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hower, James C. 0000-0003-4694-2776","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-2776","contributorId":34561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hower","given":"James C.","affiliations":[{"id":16123,"text":"University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, United States.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":473751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125298,"text":"70125298 - 2013 - From the <i>Island of the Blue Dolphins</i>: A unique 19th century cache feature from San Nicolas Island, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T15:09:48","indexId":"70125298","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-02T10:28:06","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2363,"text":"Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From the <i>Island of the Blue Dolphins</i>: A unique 19th century cache feature from San Nicolas Island, California","docAbstract":"A cache feature salvaged from an eroding sea cliff on San Nicolas Island produced two redwood boxes containing more than 200 artifacts of Nicoleño, Native Alaskan, and Euro-American origin. Outside the boxes were four asphaltum-coated baskets, abalone shells, a sandstone dish, and a hafted stone knife. The boxes, made from split redwood planks, contained a variety of artifacts and numerous unmodified bones and teeth from marine mammals, fish, birds, and large land mammals. Nicoleño-style artifacts include 11 knives with redwood handles and stone blades, stone projectile points, steatite ornaments and effigies, a carved stone pipe, abraders and burnishing stones, bird bone whistles, bone and shell pendants, abalone shell dishes, and two unusual barbed shell fishhooks. Artifacts of Native Alaskan style include four bone toggling harpoons, two unilaterally barbed bone harpoon heads, bone harpoon fore-shafts, a ground slate blade, and an adze blade. Objects of Euro-American origin or materials include a brass button, metal harpoon blades, and ten flaked glass bifaces. The contents of the cache feature, dating to the early-to-mid nineteenth century, provide an extraordinary window on a time of European expansion and global economic development that created unique cultural interactions and social transformations.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/15564894.2013.766913","usgsCitation":"Erlandson, J.M., Thomas-Barnett, L., Vellanoweth, R.L., Schwartz, S.J., and Muhs, D.R., 2013, From the <i>Island of the Blue Dolphins</i>: A unique 19th century cache feature from San Nicolas Island, California: Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology, v. 8, no. 1, p. 66-78, https://doi.org/10.1080/15564894.2013.766913.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-042597","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293909,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15564894.2013.766913"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Nicolas Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.578428,33.215347 ], [ -119.578428,33.285751 ], [ -119.424352,33.285751 ], [ -119.424352,33.215347 ], [ -119.578428,33.215347 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54195137e4b091c7ffc8e6bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erlandson, Jon M.","contributorId":68114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erlandson","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7025,"text":"Museum of Natural and Cultural History, University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":501184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas-Barnett, Lisa","contributorId":38070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas-Barnett","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vellanoweth, Rene L.","contributorId":54904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vellanoweth","given":"Rene","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwartz, Steven J.","contributorId":60555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":1857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173535,"text":"70173535 - 2013 - Impacts of tree rows on grassland birds & potential nest predators: A removal experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T22:08:47","indexId":"70173535","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-02T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of tree rows on grassland birds & potential nest predators: A removal experiment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Globally, grasslands and the wildlife that inhabit them are widely imperiled. Encroachment by shrubs and trees has widely impacted grasslands in the past 150 years. In North America, most grassland birds avoid nesting near woody vegetation. Because woody vegetation fragments grasslands and potential nest predator diversity and abundance is often greater along wooded edge and grassland transitions, we measured the impacts of removing rows of trees and shrubs that intersected grasslands on potential nest predators and the three most abundant grassland bird species (Henslow&rsquo;s sparrow [</span><i>Ammodramus henslowii</i><span>], Eastern meadowlark [</span><i>Sturnella magna</i><span>], and bobolink [</span><i>Dolichonyx oryzivorus</i><span>]) at sites in Wisconsin, U.S.A. We monitored 3 control and 3 treatment sites, for 1 yr prior to and 3 yr after tree row removal at the treatment sites. Grassland bird densities increased (2&ndash;4 times for bobolink and Henslow&rsquo;s sparrow) and nesting densities increased (all 3 species) in the removal areas compared to control areas. After removals, Henslow&rsquo;s sparrows nested within &le;50 m of the treatment area, where they did not occur when tree rows were present. Most dramatically, activity by woodland-associated predators nearly ceased (nine-fold decrease for raccoon [</span><i>Procyon lotor</i><span>]) at the removals and grassland predators increased (up to 27 times activity for thirteen-lined ground squirrel [</span><i>Ictidomys tridecemlineatus</i><span>]). Nest success did not increase, likely reflecting the increase in grassland predators. However, more nests were attempted by all 3 species (175 versus 116) and the number of successful nests for bobolinks and Henslow&rsquo;s sparrows increased. Because of gains in habitat, increased use by birds, greater production of young, and the effective removal of woodland-associated predators, tree row removal, where appropriate based on the predator community, can be a beneficial management action for conserving grassland birds and improving fragmented and degraded grassland ecosystems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0059151","usgsCitation":"Ellison, K.S., Ribic, C., Sample, D.W., Fawcett, M.J., and Dadisman, J.D., 2013, Impacts of tree rows on grassland birds & potential nest predators: A removal experiment: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 4, e59151; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059151.","productDescription":"e59151; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037578","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059151","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323726,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.96978759765625,\n              42.90966884564424\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.96978759765625,\n              43.06487470411881\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.66011047363281,\n              43.06487470411881\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.66011047363281,\n              42.90966884564424\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.96978759765625,\n              42.90966884564424\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c33e4b07657d19a69f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellison, Kevin S.","contributorId":35655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ribic, Christine 0000-0003-2583-1778 caribic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":147952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sample, David W.","contributorId":19484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sample","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fawcett, Megan J.","contributorId":171933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fawcett","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dadisman, John D.","contributorId":171934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dadisman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70045202,"text":"ofr20131046 - 2013 - Comparison of aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenylethers, and organochlorine pesticides in Pacific sanddab (Citharichthys sordidus) from offshore oil platforms and natural reefs along the California coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-02T10:10:46","indexId":"ofr20131046","displayToPublicDate":"2013-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1046","title":"Comparison of aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenylethers, and organochlorine pesticides in Pacific sanddab (Citharichthys sordidus) from offshore oil platforms and natural reefs along the California coast","docAbstract":"Recently, the relative exposure of Pacific sanddab (<i>Citharichthys sordidus</i>) to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at oil-production platforms was reported, indicating negligible exposure to PAHs and no discernible differences between exposures at platforms and nearby natural areas sites. In this report, the potential for chronic PAH exposure in fish is reported, by measurement of recalcitrant, higher molecular weight PAHs in tissues of fish previously investigated for PAH metabolites in bile. A total of 34 PAHs (20 PAHs, 11 alkylated PAHs, and 3 polycyclic aromatic thiophenes) were targeted. In addition, legacy contaminants—polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs),—and current contaminants, polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) linked to endocrine disruption, were measured by gas chromatography with electron-capture or mass spectrometric detection, to form a more complete picture of the contaminant-related status of fishes at oil production platforms in the Southern California Bight. No hydrocarbon profiles or unresolved complex hydrocarbon background were found in fish from platforms and from natural areas, and concentrations of aliphatics were low less than 100 nanograms per gram (ng/g) per component]. Total-PAH concentrations in fish ranged from 15 to 37 ng/g at natural areas and from 8.7 to 22 ng/g at platforms. Profiles of PAHs were similar at all natural and platform sites, consisting mainly of naphthalene and methylnaphthalenes, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene. Total-PCB concentrations (excluding non-ortho-chloro-substituted congeners) in fish were low, ranging from 7 to 22 ng/g at natural areas and from 10 to 35 ng/g at platforms. About 50 percent of the total-PCBs at all sites consisted of 11 congeners: 153 > 138/163/164 > 110 > 118 > 15 > 99 > 187 > 149 > 180. Most OCPs, except dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)-related compounds, were not detectable or were at concentrations of less than 1 ng/g in fish. <i>p,p′</i>-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (<i>p,p′</i>-DDE) ranged from 5.6 to 33 ng/g at natural areas and from 17 to 76 ng/g at platforms, and comprised greater than 90 percent of the total-DDT concentrations at all sites. The only detectable PBDE congeners were PBDE-47 and PBDE-100, the total concentrations of which ranged from 0.4 to 1.8 ng/g at natural areas and from 0.5 to 3.0 ng/g at platforms. Total-PAH, -PCB, and -DDT concentrations were compared with other Southern California Bight studies involving shoreline mussel, (<i>Mytilus</i> Species, Kimbrough and others, 2008) and near shore sampling (Pacific sanddab, Schiff and Allen, 2000). At corresponding sites, only total-PCB concentrations agreed well with results from this study; total-DDT concentrations were generally much lower than concentrations documented in previous studies for samples collected nearer to shore by sewage treatment outfalls or 14 years earlier or closer in time to when DDT production was halted (1970). Natural areas and platforms in the Bight do not appear to be affected by harbor or urban pollution. Platforms were no more polluted than the nearby natural areas, with these locations exhibiting only low concentrations of PAHs, PCBs, DDTs, and other contaminants.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131046","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","usgsCitation":"Gale, R.W., Tanner, M.J., Love, M., Nishimoto, M.M., and Schroeder, D.M., 2013, Comparison of aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenylethers, and organochlorine pesticides in Pacific sanddab (Citharichthys sordidus) from offshore oil platforms and natural reefs along the California coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1046, Report: vi, 34 p.; Supplemental tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131046.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 34 p.; Supplemental tables","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131046.gif"},{"id":270452,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1046/ofr2013-1046.pdf"},{"id":270453,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1046/downloads/supplemental_tables.xlsx"},{"id":270451,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1046/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southern California Bight","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.28,33.09 ], [ -120.28,34.46 ], [ -118.12,34.46 ], [ -118.12,33.09 ], [ -120.28,33.09 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515befdce4b075500ee5c9fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gale, Robert W. 0000-0002-8533-141X rgale@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8533-141X","contributorId":2808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gale","given":"Robert","email":"rgale@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanner, Michael J.","contributorId":55115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Love, Milton S.","contributorId":74652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Milton S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nishimoto, Mary M.","contributorId":54083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishimoto","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schroeder, Donna M.","contributorId":67604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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