{"pageNumber":"1459","pageRowStart":"36450","pageSize":"25","recordCount":41014,"records":[{"id":26191,"text":"wri874079 - 1987 - Water-quality assessment of Peruque Creek, St Charles County, Missouri, July 1983 and July 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T18:57:03.484526","indexId":"wri874079","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4079","title":"Water-quality assessment of Peruque Creek, St Charles County, Missouri, July 1983 and July 1984","docAbstract":"

Physical, chemical, and biological data collected along the downstream 24.1-river-mi reach of Peruque Creek, Missouri, on July 18-19, 1983 and July 9-10, 1984, were used to characterize the water quality conditions in the creek. Wastewater discharges into the creek at the Lake St. Louis sewage-disposal ponds and at the O'Fallon wastewater-treatment facility. The effluent from the sewage disposal ponds did not have a substantial effect on downstream water quality but that from the wastewater treatment facility caused the Missouri un-ionized ammonia standard of 0.1 mg/l as nitrogen to be exceeded downstream from the outflow. Discharge from the O'Fallon facility also caused all dissolved-oxygen concentrations measured downstream from the outflow to be less than the Missouri dissolved-oxygen standard of 5.0 mg/L. Attempts were made to calibrate and verify the QUAL-II/SEMCOG version water quality model. The model could not be adequately calibrated or verified, because of the non-uniform hydraulic conditions in Peruque Creek, which is characterized by slow velocities; long, deep pools; and inadequate mixing characteristics; and also the non-uniform quantity and quality of effluent discharged from the O'Fallon wastewater treatment facility. Thus, the assumptions of one-dimensional flow and steady-state conditions necessary for the model were not valid. The attempt to calibrate and verify the model indicated that during low-flow conditions the waste-load assimilative capacity of the downstream 17.9 river miles of Peruque Creek was limited.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874079","usgsCitation":"Berkas, W., 1987, Water-quality assessment of Peruque Creek, St Charles County, Missouri, July 1983 and July 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4079, vi, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874079.","productDescription":"vi, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407985,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46753.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54988,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4079/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4079/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"St. Charles County","otherGeospatial":"Perugue Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.8333,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -90.6333,\n 38.75\n ],\n [\n -90.6333,\n 38.8833\n ],\n [\n -90.8333,\n 38.8833\n ],\n [\n -90.8333,\n 38.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db5454cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berkas, W.R.","contributorId":59808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28475,"text":"wri874085 - 1987 - Effect of grid size on digital simulation of ground-water flow in the southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri874085","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4085","title":"Effect of grid size on digital simulation of ground-water flow in the southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico","docAbstract":"Three models of the aquifer in the southern High Plains were compared to determine the effect of grid size on simulated water levels. The first model, calibrated prior to this study, had 10-mi grid spacing. The mean difference between the simulated and measured pre-development water levels in this model was +0.28 ft with a standard deviation of 25.8 ft. The second model, calibrated during this study independently of the first model, had 5-mi grid spacing. The mean difference between the simulated and measured pre-development water levels was -0.01 ft with a standard deviation of 44.4 ft. For 1980 water levels, the mean difference was +8.22 ft with a standard deviation of 27.9 ft. The results from the first and second models were compared. The standard deviation of the differences in simulated water levels was 19.0 ft for the pre-development period and 21.8 ft for 1980. There appeared to be no hydrologic significance to the pattern of the differences. A third model, constructed by aggregating the data from the second model, had 10-mi grid spacing. The mean difference in simulated pre-development water levels between the second and third models was +0.86 ft with a standard deviation of 8.9 ft. For the 1980 water levels, the mean difference between the models was +0.39 ft with a standard deviation of 4.4 ft. The study found that the same hydrologic conclusions would have been reached had 5-mi grid spacing or 10-mi grid spacing been used. It was further concluded that the difference in simulated water levels between models with 5-mi grid spacing or 10-mi grid spacing was five to six times smaller than the differences between the simulated and measured water levels. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874085","usgsCitation":"Luckey, R.R., and Stephens, D., 1987, Effect of grid size on digital simulation of ground-water flow in the southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4085, iv, 31 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874085.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4085/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57275,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4085/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62565e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luckey, R. R.","contributorId":93055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luckey","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephens, D.M.","contributorId":42970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26741,"text":"wri864132 - 1987 - Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T12:12:48","indexId":"wri864132","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4132","title":"Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina","docAbstract":"A statistical analysis was made of data from more than 6,200 water wells drilled in the fractured crystalline rocks of the Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and western edge of the Coastal Plain where crystalline rocks underlie sediments at shallow depths. The study area encompassed 65 countries in western North Carolina, an area of 30,544 square mi, comprising nearly two-thirds of the State. Additional water supplies will be needed in western North Carolina as population and industrial development continue to increase. Ground water is an attractive alternative to surface water sources for moderate to large supplies. The statistical analysis was made to identify the geologic, topographic, and construction factors associated with high-yield wells. It is generally held that the crystalline rocks of Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces yield only small amounts of water to wells, that water is obtained from vertical fractures that pinch out at a depth of about 300 feet because of lithostatic pressure, and that the function of a larger diameter well is primarily for storage. These concepts are reasonable when based upon the average well drilled in these rocks: a domestic well, 125 feet deep, 6 inches or less in diameter, and located on a hill or ridge. However, statistical analysis shows that wells in draws or valleys have average yields three times those of wells on hills and ridges. Wells in the most productive hydrogeologic units have average yields twice those of wells in the least productive units. Wells in draws and valleys in the most productive units average five times more yield than wells on hills and ridges in the least productive units. Well diameter can have significant influence on yield; for a given depth, yield is directly proportional to well diameter. Maximum well yields are obtained from much greater depths than previously believed. For example, the average yield of 6-inch diameter wells located in draws and valleys can be expected to reach a maximum of about 45 gallons per minute at depths of 500 to 525 feet; for similarly located 12-inch diameter wells, the average yield can be expected to reach a maximum of about 150 gallons per min at depths of 700 to 800 ft. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864132","usgsCitation":"Daniel, C., 1987, Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4132, v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864132.","productDescription":"v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4132/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55619,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Blue Ridge Province, Piedmont 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4a93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniel, C.C.","contributorId":53427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26189,"text":"wri874074 - 1987 - Traveltime, reaeration, and water-quality characteristics during low-flow conditions in Wilsons Creek and the James River near Springfield, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T18:17:02.011269","indexId":"wri874074","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4074","title":"Traveltime, reaeration, and water-quality characteristics during low-flow conditions in Wilsons Creek and the James River near Springfield, Missouri","docAbstract":"Before upgrading the Southwest Wastewater-Treatment Plant near Springfield, Missouri, to tertiary treatment, adverse water quality conditions resulting from discharge of wastewater effluent to Wilson Creek were documented in the creek and in the James River. About 7 years after the upgrading of the treatment plant, traveltime, reaeration, and water quality characteristics were determined in Wilsons Creek and the James River. Traveltime was measured once in Wilsons Creek and twice in the James River during low-flow conditions. Traveltimes in the James River were estimated for discharge between 55 and 200 cu ft/sec at a site near Boaz. Reaeration coefficients were calculated for five reaches in Wilsons Creek and the James River using the modified-tracer technique. Calculated reaeration coefficients were compared with coefficients predicted by twelve empirical equations and one equation was chosen that best fit the data. Water quality data were collected during two 44-hr periods, August 14 to 16, 1984, and July 23 to 25, 1985. Samples were collected at the outflow of the Southwest Wastewater Treatment Plant at seven sites along Wilsons Creek and the James River. Dissolved-oxygen concentrations in Wilsons Creek and the James River were all larger than Missouri 's water quality standard of 5.0 mg/l. Ammonia concentrations and 5-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demands were small, which indicated that the oxygen consumption by oxidizing ammonia and carbonaceous organic materials would be insignificant. Measured streambed oxygen demand in the James River was largest directly downstream from Wilsons Creek. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874074","usgsCitation":"Berkas, W., 1987, Traveltime, reaeration, and water-quality characteristics during low-flow conditions in Wilsons Creek and the James River near Springfield, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4074, v, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874074.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407980,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46749.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54986,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4074/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4074/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Springfield","otherGeospatial":"James River, Wilson's Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.3,\n 36.9167\n ],\n [\n -93.4167,\n 36.9167\n ],\n [\n -93.4167,\n 37.1667\n ],\n [\n -93.3,\n 37.1667\n ],\n [\n -93.3,\n 36.9167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697d44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berkas, W.R.","contributorId":59808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30605,"text":"wri854308 - 1987 - Simulation of ground-water flow near the nuclear-fuel reprocessing facility at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, Cattaraugus County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:13","indexId":"wri854308","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4308","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow near the nuclear-fuel reprocessing facility at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, Cattaraugus County, New York","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional finite-difference model was developed to simulate groundwater flow in a surficial sand and gravel deposit underlying the nuclear fuel reprocessing facility at Western New York Nuclear Service Center near West Valley, N.Y. The sand and gravel deposit overlies a till plateau that abuts an upland area of siltstone and shale on its west side, and is bounded on the other three sides by deeply incised stream channels that drain to Buttermilk Creek, a tributary to Cattaraugus Creek. Radioactive materials are stored within the reprocessing plant and are also buried within a till deposit at the facility. Tritiated water is stored in a lagoon system near the plant and released under permit to Franks Creek, a tributary to Buttermilk Creek. Groundwater levels predicted by steady-state simulations closely matched those measured in 23 observation wells, with an average error of 0.5 meter. Simulated groundwater discharges to two stream channels and a subsurface drain were within 5% of recorded values. Steady-state simulations used an average annual recharge rate of 46 cm/yr; predicted evapotranspiration loss from the ground was 20 cm/yr. The lateral range in hydraulic conductivity obtained through model calibration was 0.6 to 10 m/day. Model simulations indicated that 33% of the groundwater discharged from the sand and gravel unit (2.6 L/sec) is lost by evapotranspiration, 3% (3.0 L/sec) flows to seepage faces at the periphery of the plateau, 20% (1.6 L/sec) discharges to stream channels that drain a large wetland area near the center of the plateau, and the remaining 8% (0.6 L/sec) discharges to a subsurface french drain and to a wastewater treatment system. Groundwater levels computed by a transient-state simulation of an annual climatic cycle, including seasonal variation in recharge and evapotranspiration, closely matched water levels measured in eight observation wells. The model predicted that the subsurface drain and the stream channel that drains the wetland would intercept most of the recharge originating near the reprocessing plant. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854308","usgsCitation":"Yager, R.M., 1987, Simulation of ground-water flow near the nuclear-fuel reprocessing facility at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, Cattaraugus County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4308, vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854308.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4308/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59372,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4308/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59371,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4308/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f250a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, R. M.","contributorId":8069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29573,"text":"wri874024 - 1987 - Assessment of water quality and factors affecting dissolved oxygen in the Sangamon River, Decatur to Riverton, Illinois, summer 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri874024","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4024","title":"Assessment of water quality and factors affecting dissolved oxygen in the Sangamon River, Decatur to Riverton, Illinois, summer 1982","docAbstract":"Water quality and processes that affect the dissolved-oxygen concentration in a 45.9 mile reach of the Sangamon River from Decatur to Riverton, Illinois, were determined from data collected during low-flow periods in the summer of 1982. Relations among dissolved oxygen, water discharge, biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia and nitrite plus nitrate concentrations, and photosynthetic-oxygen production were simulated using a one-dimensional, steady-state computer model. Average dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 8.0 milligrams per liter at the upstream end of the study reach at Decatur to 5.2 milligrams per liter 12.2 miles downstream. Ammonia concentrations ranged from 45 milligrams per liter at the mouth of Stevens Creek (2.6 miles downstream from Decatur) to 0.03 milligram per liter at the downstream end of the study reach. Un-ionized ammonia concentrations exceeded the maximum concentration specified in the State water quality standard (0.04 milligram per liter) throughout most of the study reach. Model simulations indicated that oxidation of ammonia to form nitrite plus nitrate was the most significant process leading to low dissolved oxygen concentrations in the river. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri874024","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, A., and Stamer, J., 1987, Assessment of water quality and factors affecting dissolved oxygen in the Sangamon River, Decatur to Riverton, Illinois, summer 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4024, vii, 65 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874024.","productDescription":"vii, 65 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4024/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58401,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4024/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, A.R.","contributorId":79898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stamer, J. K.","contributorId":47753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamer","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30641,"text":"wri874038 - 1987 - Ground-water-withdrawal and water-level data used to simulate regional flow in the major coastal plain aquifers of New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:00","indexId":"wri874038","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4038","title":"Ground-water-withdrawal and water-level data used to simulate regional flow in the major coastal plain aquifers of New Jersey","docAbstract":"The report documents groundwater withdrawal and level data for the major aquifers of the New Jersey Coastal Plain. These data have been used in the Regional Aquifer System Analysis flow model of 10 major aquifers in the New Jersey Coastal Plain. Groundwater withdrawal data from more than 1,400 wells are tabulated by year for 1956 through 1980. Total yearly withdrawals for 171 public supply and industrial purveyors for 1918 through 1955 are documented. Best estimates are given for percentages of total withdrawals by aquifer for the 1918 through 1955 data. Groundwater withdrawal data is also tabulated yearly from 1918 through 1980 by county for each aquifer. Long-term hydrographs for 89 Coastal Plain wells provide information on water level fluctuations over time. Potentiometric maps showing earliest recorded water levels in Coastal Plain aquifers delineate prepumping conditions. Groundwater withdrawals from the Coastal Plain have increased from less than 50 million gal/day in 1918 to more than 350 million gal/day in 1980. In response to these increased withdrawals, groundwater levels have been steadily declining. In some areas where wells once flowed freely, water levels are now 100 to 200 ft below land surface. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874038","usgsCitation":"Zapecza, O., Voronin, L., and Martin, M., 1987, Ground-water-withdrawal and water-level data used to simulate regional flow in the major coastal plain aquifers of New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4038, v, 120 p. :ill., maps ;31 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874038.","productDescription":"v, 120 p. :ill., maps ;31 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59407,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59408,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59409,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59410,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59411,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59412,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59413,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59414,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59415,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59416,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59417,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4038/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698113","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zapecza, O. S.","contributorId":22787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zapecza","given":"O. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voronin, L. M.","contributorId":93486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voronin","given":"L. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Mary","contributorId":7290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Mary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28260,"text":"wri834099 - 1987 - Documentation of computer program VS2D to solve the equations of fluid flow in variably saturated porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:53","indexId":"wri834099","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4099","title":"Documentation of computer program VS2D to solve the equations of fluid flow in variably saturated porous media","docAbstract":"This report documents FORTRAN computer code for solving problems involving variably saturated single-phase flow in porous media. The flow equation is written with total hydraulic potential as the dependent variable, which allows straightforward treatment of both saturated and unsaturated conditions. The spatial derivatives in the flow equation are approximated by central differences, and time derivatives are approximated either by a fully implicit backward or by a centered-difference scheme. Nonlinear conductance and storage terms may be linearized using either an explicit method or an implicit Newton-Raphson method. Relative hydraulic conductivity is evaluated at cell boundaries by using either full upstream weighting, the arithmetic mean, or the geometric mean of values from adjacent cells. Nonlinear boundary conditions treated by the code include infiltration, evaporation, and seepage faces. Extraction by plant roots that is caused by atmospheric demand is included as a nonlinear sink term. These nonlinear boundary and sink terms are linearized implicitly. The code has been verified for several one-dimensional linear problems for which analytical solutions exist and against two nonlinear problems that have been simulated with other numerical models. A complete listing of data-entry requirements and data entry and results for three example problems are provided. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834099","usgsCitation":"Lappala, E., Healy, R.W., and Weeks, E., 1987, Documentation of computer program VS2D to solve the equations of fluid flow in variably saturated porous media: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4099, ix, 184 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834099.","productDescription":"ix, 184 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4099/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57085,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4099/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63ccb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lappala, E.G.","contributorId":17996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lappala","given":"E.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, R. W.","contributorId":89872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weeks, E.P.","contributorId":38514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27015,"text":"wri874247 - 1987 - Source of salts in the Waianae part of the Pearl Harbor aquifer near Barbers Point water tunnel, Oahu, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri874247","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4247","title":"Source of salts in the Waianae part of the Pearl Harbor aquifer near Barbers Point water tunnel, Oahu, Hawaii","docAbstract":"The salinity of the water supply of Barbers Point Naval Air Station has increased markedly since 1983. The Naval Air Station obtains its water, about 3 million gal/day, from Barbers Point shaft, a water shaft that taps the Waianae part of the Pearl Harbor aquifer underlying the dry, southeastern flank of the Waianae mountains on the island on Oahu, Hawaii. From 1983 to 1985 the chloride concentration of the water, increased from 220 to 250 mg/L and has remained near that level through 1986. The EPA has established 250 mg/L as the maximum recommended chloride concentration in drinking water because above that level many people can taste the salt. The high chloride concentration in shallow groundwater at all wells in the area indicates that most of the salts in the freshwater lens are contributed by rainfall, sea spray, and irrigation return water. At Barbers Point shaft, pumping may draw a small amount of saltwater from the transition zone and increase the chloride concentration in the pumped water by about 20 mg/L. Salinity of the lens decreases progressively inland in response to recharge from relatively fresher water and in response to an increasing lens thickness with increasing distance from the shoreline. The increase, in 1983, in the chloride concentration of water at the shaft was most probably the result of saltier recharge water reaching the water table, and not the result of increased mixing of underlying saltwater with the freshwater. The chloride concentration of the recharge water has probably increased because, in 1980, the drip method of irrigation began to replace the furrow method on sugarcane fields near the shaft. A mixing-cell model was used to estimate the effect of drip irrigation on the chloride concentration of the groundwater in the vicinity of Barbers Point shaft. The model predicted an increase in chloride concentration of about 50 mg/L. The observed increase was about 30 mg/L and the chloride concentration is presently stable at 245 to 250 mg/L; hence, the chloride concentration is not expected to increase significantly more. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874247","usgsCitation":"Eyre, P.R., 1987, Source of salts in the Waianae part of the Pearl Harbor aquifer near Barbers Point water tunnel, Oahu, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4247, v, 48 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874247.","productDescription":"v, 48 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4247/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55900,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4247/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55901,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4247/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7743","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eyre, P. R.","contributorId":83165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eyre","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26781,"text":"wri864321 - 1987 - Evaluation of availability of water from drift aquifers near the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa rivers, western Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T10:27:41","indexId":"wri864321","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4321","title":"Evaluation of availability of water from drift aquifers near the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa rivers, western Minnesota","docAbstract":"

Ground-water flow in the confined- and unconfined-drift aquifers near Appleton and Benson, Minnesota, was simulated with a three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow model. Model results indicate that 98 percent of the total inflow to the modeled area is from precipitation. Of the total outflow, 38 percent is ground-water discharge to the Pom me de Terre and Chippewa Rivers, 36 percent is evapotranspiration, 17 percent is ground-water pumpage, and 8 percent is ground-water discharge to the Minnesota River.

\n

The model was used to simulate the effects of below-normal precipitation (drought) and hypothetical increases in ground-water development. Model results indicate that reduced recharge and increased pumping during a three-year extended drought probably would lower water levels 2 to 6 feet regionally in the surficial aquifer and in the Appleton and Benson-middle aquifers and as much as 11 feet near aquifer boundaries. Ground-water discharge to the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa Rivers in the modeled area probably would be reduced during the simulated drought by 15.2 and 7.4 cubic feet per second, respectively, compared to 1982 conditions. The addition of 30 hypothetical wells in the Benson-middle aquifer near Benson, pumping a total of 810 million gallons per year, resulted in water-level declines of as much as 1.3 and 2.7 feet in the surficial and Benson-middle aquifers, respectively. The addition of 28 hypothetical wells in the Appleton aquifer east and southeast of Appleton, pumping a total of 756 million gallons per year, lowered water levels in the surficial and Appleton confined aquifers as much as 5 feet.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri864321","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa Ground-water Study Steering Committee","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., 1987, Evaluation of availability of water from drift aquifers near the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa rivers, western Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4321, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864321.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4321/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55666,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4321/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.20590209960938,\n 45.13846137581871\n ],\n [\n -96.0205078125,\n 45.122959847191616\n ],\n [\n -95.99441528320312,\n 45.11133093583214\n ],\n [\n -95.96969604492188,\n 45.08709642547449\n ],\n [\n -95.93536376953125,\n 45.07158094070473\n ],\n [\n -95.86944580078125,\n 45.02597983843737\n ],\n [\n -95.2789306640625,\n 45.27681919090837\n ],\n [\n -95.5755615234375,\n 45.53617475484825\n ],\n [\n -96.27456665039062,\n 45.232349197513116\n ],\n [\n -96.20590209960938,\n 45.13846137581871\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fae7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":48970,"text":"ofr86608 - 1987 - Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Houston metropolitan area, Texas, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T11:22:15","indexId":"ofr86608","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-608","title":"Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Houston metropolitan area, Texas, 1984","docAbstract":"

Hydrologic investigations of urban watersheds in Texas were begun by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1954. Studies are now in progress in the Austin and Houston areas, and have been completed in the Dallas-Fort Worth and San Antonio areas.

\n

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the city of Houston, began studies in the Houston metropolitan area in 1964. The program was expanded in 1968 to include collection of water-quality data. The objectives of the Houston urban-hydrology study are as follows:

\n
    \n
  1. To determine, on the basis of historical data and hydrologic analyses, the magnitude and frequency of flood peaks and flood volumes;
    2. \n
  2. To determine the effect of urban development on flood peaks and volumes; and
    3. \n
  3. To ascertain the variation in water quality for different flow conditions and different seasons.
    4. \n
\n

This report, the twenty-first and last scheduled in a series of reports published annually, is primarily applicable to objective 2. The report presents hydrologic data collected in the Houston urban area for the 1984 water year (October 1, 1983 to September 30, 1984).

\n

A report by Johnson and Sayre (1973) utilized records collected from 1965 to 1969 to study the effects of urbanization on floods in the Houston area. That report also summarized various basin parameters. A report by Waddell, Massey, and Jennings (1979) presented data on runoff from the Houston area and computed concentrations and loads of selected water-quality constituents discharged to Galveston Bay. The study utilized a variation of the \"STORM\" model developed by the Hydrologic Engineering Center of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. A report prepared by Liscum and Massey (1980) presented a technique for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods in the Houston area from drainage areas, bank-full conveyance, and percentage of urban development.

\n

A definition of terms related to streamflow, water quality, and other hydrologic data, as used in this report, are defined in \"U.S. Geological Survey, Water-resources data for Texas, water year 1984, volume 2.\"

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr86608","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Houston","usgsCitation":"Liscum, F., Bruchmiller, J., Brown, D.W., and Paul, E., 1987, Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Houston metropolitan area, Texas, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-608, viii, 127 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86608.","productDescription":"viii, 127 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":85855,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0608/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":161773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0608/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Houston","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.36819458007811,\n 30.039377605001338\n ],\n [\n -95.42587280273438,\n 30.039377605001338\n ],\n [\n -95.49179077148438,\n 30.03462216002981\n ],\n [\n -95.56320190429686,\n 30.0262995822237\n ],\n [\n -95.62774658203125,\n 30.001327656702326\n ],\n [\n -95.73348999023438,\n 29.969211659636663\n ],\n [\n -95.83648681640624,\n 29.92756435779241\n ],\n [\n -95.87493896484374,\n 29.888280933159265\n ],\n [\n -95.86257934570312,\n 29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n -95.86944580078125,\n 29.75364773335698\n ],\n [\n -95.8447265625,\n 29.69640358280457\n ],\n [\n -95.79940795898438,\n 29.672542219068987\n ],\n [\n -95.69641113281249,\n 29.630771207229\n ],\n [\n -95.63186645507812,\n 29.60092416008231\n ],\n [\n -95.51513671875,\n 29.57106827738255\n ],\n [\n -95.40252685546875,\n 29.511330027309146\n ],\n [\n -95.28030395507812,\n 29.485034019181064\n ],\n [\n -95.17730712890625,\n 29.482643134466617\n ],\n [\n -95.086669921875,\n 29.499378142743375\n ],\n [\n -94.99740600585938,\n 29.532839863453397\n ],\n [\n -94.95483398437499,\n 29.551955878093022\n ],\n [\n -94.9493408203125,\n 29.604506272365295\n ],\n [\n -94.96719360351562,\n 29.653449050468925\n ],\n [\n -94.9822998046875,\n 29.680894340704334\n ],\n [\n -95.01800537109374,\n 29.71787396585316\n ],\n [\n -95.0372314453125,\n 29.744109309616487\n ],\n [\n -95.06881713867188,\n 29.76556948666697\n ],\n [\n -95.06744384765625,\n 29.797751134173065\n ],\n [\n -95.07705688476562,\n 29.837070205715218\n ],\n [\n -95.10314941406249,\n 29.871610558533725\n ],\n [\n -95.1361083984375,\n 29.925183985247404\n ],\n [\n -95.15396118164062,\n 29.972780616663897\n ],\n [\n -95.14572143554688,\n 29.997759725578906\n ],\n [\n -95.185546875,\n 30.01916538794235\n ],\n [\n -95.2294921875,\n 30.02511058549258\n ],\n [\n -95.2789306640625,\n 30.029866486852946\n ],\n [\n -95.33660888671875,\n 30.032244351965684\n ],\n [\n -95.36819458007811,\n 30.039377605001338\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db607bcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liscum, Fred","contributorId":95463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liscum","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruchmiller, J.P.","contributorId":102490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruchmiller","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, D. W.","contributorId":63370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paul, E.M.","contributorId":65089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":26174,"text":"wri854082 - 1987 - Effect of reduced industrial pumpage on the migration of dissolved nitrogen in an outwash aquifer at Olean, Cattaraugus County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri854082","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4082","title":"Effect of reduced industrial pumpage on the migration of dissolved nitrogen in an outwash aquifer at Olean, Cattaraugus County, New York","docAbstract":"A quasi-three-dimensional digital groundwater flow model of a shallow outwash aquifer system at Olean, New York, was developed to study the effects of several pumping alternatives on groundwater flow and stream seepage. Nitrogen compounds have contaminated the aquifer in an industrial park in North Olean. Pumping from seven industrial production wells and a purge well has created a cone of depression within which all nitrogen compounds are contained, thus preventing their migration to nearby private, municipal, and industrial-supply wells. A simulated total shutdown of an industrial well field and the purge well indicates that groundwater flowing laterally southward to southwestward from the area of contamination would require about 5 yr to reach a municipal well field along the Allegheny River. Simulation of a partial shutdown with only three main production wells and the purge well or just the three production wells indicate that all nitrogen-bearing groundwater would be captured. Pumping from only the purge well would allow contaminated groundwater along the southwestern edge of the site to escape and, in 8 to 9 yr, reach the municipal well field. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854082","usgsCitation":"Bergeron, M.P., 1987, Effect of reduced industrial pumpage on the migration of dissolved nitrogen in an outwash aquifer at Olean, Cattaraugus County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4082, vi, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854082.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110167,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36255.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"36255"},{"id":119085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54961,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54962,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54963,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54964,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54965,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54966,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54967,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54968,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54969,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54970,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54971,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54972,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54973,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54974,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54975,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4082/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625386","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergeron, M. P.","contributorId":42969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergeron","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28303,"text":"wri874061 - 1987 - AQMAN; linear and quadratic programming matrix generator using two-dimensional ground-water flow simulation for aquifer management modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:49","indexId":"wri874061","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4061","title":"AQMAN; linear and quadratic programming matrix generator using two-dimensional ground-water flow simulation for aquifer management modeling","docAbstract":"A FORTRAN-77 computer program code that helps solve a variety of aquifer management problems involving the control of groundwater hydraulics. It is intended for use with any standard mathematical programming package that uses Mathematical Programming System input format. The computer program creates the input files to be used by the optimization program. These files contain all the hydrologic information and management objectives needed to solve the management problem. Used in conjunction with a mathematical programming code, the computer program identifies the pumping or recharge strategy that achieves a user 's management objective while maintaining groundwater hydraulic conditions within desired limits. The objective may be linear or quadratic, and may involve the minimization of pumping and recharge rates or of variable pumping costs. The problem may contain constraints on groundwater heads, gradients, and velocities for a complex, transient hydrologic system. Linear superposition of solutions to the transient, two-dimensional groundwater flow equation is used by the computer program in conjunction with the response matrix optimization method. A unit stress is applied at each decision well and transient responses at all control locations are computed using a modified version of the U.S. Geological Survey two dimensional aquifer simulation model. The program also computes discounted cost coefficients for the objective function and accounts for transient aquifer conditions. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874061","usgsCitation":"Lefkoff, L., and Gorelick, S., 1987, AQMAN; linear and quadratic programming matrix generator using two-dimensional ground-water flow simulation for aquifer management modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4061, 164 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874061.","productDescription":"164 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4061/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57115,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4061/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae144","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lefkoff, L.J.","contributorId":47418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lefkoff","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorelick, S.M.","contributorId":21589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28033,"text":"wri864095 - 1987 - HST3D; a computer code for simulation of heat and solute transport in three-dimensional ground-water flow systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"wri864095","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4095","title":"HST3D; a computer code for simulation of heat and solute transport in three-dimensional ground-water flow systems","docAbstract":"The Heat- and Soil-Transport Program (HST3D) simulates groundwater flow and associated heat and solute transport in three dimensions. The three governing equations are coupled through the interstitial pore velocity, the dependence of the fluid density on pressure, temperature, the solute-mass fraction , and the dependence of the fluid viscosity on temperature and solute-mass fraction. The solute transport equation is for only a single, solute species with possible linear equilibrium sorption and linear decay. Finite difference techniques are used to discretize the governing equations using a point-distributed grid. The flow-, heat- and solute-transport equations are solved , in turn, after a particle Gauss-reduction scheme is used to modify them. The modified equations are more tightly coupled and have better stability for the numerical solutions. The basic source-sink term represents wells. A complex well flow model may be used to simulate specified flow rate and pressure conditions at the land surface or within the aquifer, with or without pressure and flow rate constraints. Boundary condition types offered include specified value, specified flux, leakage, heat conduction, and approximate free surface, and two types of aquifer influence functions. All boundary conditions can be functions of time. Two techniques are available for solution of the finite difference matrix equations. One technique is a direct-elimination solver, using equations reordered by alternating diagonal planes. The other technique is an iterative solver, using two-line successive over-relaxation. A restart option is available for storing intermediate results and restarting the simulation at an intermediate time with modified boundary conditions. This feature also can be used as protection against computer system failure. Data input and output may be in metric (SI) units or inch-pound units. Output may include tables of dependent variables and parameters, zoned-contour maps, and plots of the dependent variables versus time. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864095","usgsCitation":"Kipp, K., 1987, HST3D; a computer code for simulation of heat and solute transport in three-dimensional ground-water flow systems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4095, viii, 517 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864095.","productDescription":"viii, 517 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4095/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56872,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4095/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634caa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kipp, K.L.","contributorId":96715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kipp","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28028,"text":"wri864203 - 1987 - Reconnaissance of geohydrologic areas and 1981 low-flow conditions, Withlacoochee River basin, southwest Florida Water Management District","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:39","indexId":"wri864203","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4203","title":"Reconnaissance of geohydrologic areas and 1981 low-flow conditions, Withlacoochee River basin, southwest Florida Water Management District","docAbstract":"The Withlacoochee River Basin of the Southwest Florida Water Management District is a management area of about 2030 sq mi in west-central Florida containing large reserves of potable water in the Upper Floridan aquifer. Results of reconnaissance test drilling indicate that the Upper Floridan aquifer may be treated as an unconfined aquifer in the management area which allows it to be divided into two types of geohydrologic areas: (1) areas of high recharge, and (2) areas of moderate recharge. Conceptually, the source of water to well fields in areas of high recharge would largely be natural recharge, whereas, in areas of moderate recharge, a significant part of the source of water to well fields would be induced downward leakage, or capture, of surface and near-surface water. The Withlacoochee River Basin of the Southwest Florida Water Management District is drained almost entirely by the Withlacoochee River and its tributaries. Field data were collected from April 13 through August 17, 1981, to document extremely low streamflow conditions. Conditions in the upper half of the drainage basin were found to be the most severe of record. On July 7, 1981, the total net runoff from the upper half of the basin was observed to be only 0.1 cu ft/sec. Low-flow conditions in the lower half of the drainage basin, however, were less severe than during the record low period of 1956. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864203","usgsCitation":"Kimrey, J.O., and Anderson, W., 1987, Reconnaissance of geohydrologic areas and 1981 low-flow conditions, Withlacoochee River basin, southwest Florida Water Management District: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4203, vi, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864203.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4203/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56863,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4203/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimrey, J. O.","contributorId":67533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimrey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Warren","contributorId":7712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Warren","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":33388,"text":"b1707B - 1987 - Mineral resources of the East Fork High Rock Canyon Wilderness Study Area, Washoe and Humboldt counties, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-15T01:01:59","indexId":"b1707B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1707","chapter":"B","title":"Mineral resources of the East Fork High Rock Canyon Wilderness Study Area, Washoe and Humboldt counties, Nevada","docAbstract":"The part of the East Fork High Rock Canyon Wilderness Study Area (CA-020-914/NV-020-006A) included in this study encompasses 33,460 acres in the northwestern part of Nevada. Throughout this report, \"wilderness study area\" and \"study area\" refertothe 33,460 acres for which mineral surveys were requested. The U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines conducted geological, geophysical, and geochemical surveys to assess the mineral resources (known) and the mineral resource potential (undiscovered) of the study area. Fieldwork for this report was carried out in 1985 and 1986. No mines, significant prospects, or mining claims are located inside the study area, and no identified resources were found. The wilderness study area has moderate mineral resource potential for gold, silver, and mercury and for zeolite minerals. A low potential also exists for geothermal energy resources, and potential for oil and gas is unknown.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/b1707B","usgsCitation":"Ach, J.A., Plouff, D., Turner, R.L., and Schmauch, S., 1987, Mineral resources of the East Fork High Rock Canyon Wilderness Study Area, Washoe and Humboldt counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1707, p. B1-B14, ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1707B.","productDescription":"p. B1-B14, ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1707b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61244,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1707b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Humboldt;Washoe","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120,41 ], [ -120,42 ], [ -119,42 ], [ -119,41 ], [ -120,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a3e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ach, Jay A.","contributorId":55446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ach","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plouff, Donald","contributorId":94657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plouff","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turner, R. L.","contributorId":93903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmauch, S. W.","contributorId":53790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmauch","given":"S. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":28009,"text":"wri864194 - 1987 - Three-dimensional model simulation of transient ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri864194","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4194","title":"Three-dimensional model simulation of transient ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional digital model that simulates transient flow in the alluvial aquifer system underlying the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico, was constructed as part of a regional aquifer study of the southwest alluvial basins. The model simulates hydraulic heads and changes in hydraulic heads for 1907 to 1979. Hydraulic-conductivity values used in the accepted model range from 0.25 ft/day in part of the Santa Fe Group to 50 ft/day in the fluvial deposits in the Rio Grande flood plain. The majority of the basin-fill material of the Santa Fe group of Tertiary and Quaternary age was modeled as having a horizontal hydraulic conductivity of either 30 or 40 ft/day. The simulated specific storage of the aquifer was 0.000001/ft and the simulated specific yield was 0.10. The aquifer was simulated as being vertically anisotropic with a ratio of vertical to horizontal hydraulic conductivity of 1:500. Simulations for 1976-79 indicated that of the 100,000 acre-ft of groundwater withdrawn annually from the basin-fill deposits outside of the Rio Grande flood plain, 68% was obtained from recharge around the basin margin, depletion of streams that are tributary to the Rio Grande, and the stream-aquifer system in the Rio Grande flood plain. Depletion of aquifer storage accounted for 25% of the groundwater supply to wells outside of the flood plain, and the remaining 7% was obtained by induced groundwater inflow from the Santo Domingo Basin. The model displayed an acceptable performance throughout the period of simulation. However, by the end of the simulation period, 1979, the portrayal of the Rio Grande flood-plain system as a specified hydraulic-head boundary was having adverse effects on the simulation. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864194","usgsCitation":"Kernodle, J.M., Miller, R.S., and Scott, W.B., 1987, Three-dimensional model simulation of transient ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4194, viii, 86 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864194.","productDescription":"viii, 86 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4194/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56834,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4194/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b46fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kernodle, J. M.","contributorId":81139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kernodle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Ryan S.","contributorId":49005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, W. B.","contributorId":87887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28306,"text":"wri874231 - 1987 - Water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir in northeast Texas, 1977 to 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T15:11:11","indexId":"wri874231","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4231","title":"Water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir in northeast Texas, 1977 to 1984","docAbstract":"

Water in Cedar Creek Reservoir in northeast Texas had volume-weighted average concentrations of less than 140 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids, less than 30 milligrams per liter of dissolved sulfate, and less than 25 milligrams per liter of chloride between vh nuary 1977 and August 1984. The water was soft to moderately hard; the total hardness concentrations ranged from 55 to 75 milligrams per liter as calcium carbonate.

\n

Thermal stratification in Cedar Creek Reservoir usually begins in late winter or early spring and persists until late fall. Stratification or summer stagnation causes significant seasonal and areal variations in concentrations of dissolved oxygen, iron, manganese, total inorganic nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Oxygen used in the decay of organic matter is not replenished during summer stagnation, and water below depths of 30 feet usually contains less than 2 milligrams per liter of dissolved oxygen. Often, oxygen is nearly depleted near the bottom in the deepest areas of the reservoir, thus causing reducing conditions.

\n

Reducing conditions during summer stagnation result in the dissolution of iron and manganese in bottom sediments. At the deepest site (Ac) near Joe B. Hoggset Dam, dissolved iron concentrations in water near the bottom averaged 1,860 micrograms per liter and manganese concentrations averaged 3,170 micrograms per liter. The concentrations of dissolved iron and dissolved manganese averaged less than 120 micrograms per liter throughout the reservoir during winter and spring circulation and in water near the reservoir's surface during summer stagnation.

\n

Seasonal temperature and dissolved oxygen cycles cause the recycling of dissolved iron and manganese between the water and bottom sediments. However, no substantial accumulation of these constituents within the reservoir was detected during the study.

\n

Of 10 trace elements studied, barium and arsenic were the most commonly found in detectable concentrations. Of 22 water samples collected for traceelement analysis, 15 contained barium in concentrations ranging from 40 to 300 micrograms per liter, and 19 contained arsenic in concentrations ranging from 1 to 26 micrograms per liter. However, these concentrations are below the maximum contaminant Hmit for barium (1,000 micrograms per liter) and arsenic (50 micrograms per liter) in drinking water.

\n

The concentrations of total inorganic nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were largest during summer stagnation in water near the bottom at the deepest sites. At site Ac, the largest total phosphorus concentration was 5.3 milligrams per liter for a bottom sample. The maximum total inorganic nitrogen concentration for the same sample was 2.5 milligrams per liter. Water near the surface of Cedar Creek Reservoir during summer stagnation and throughout the reservoir during winter circulation had total phosphorus and total inorganic nitrogen concentrations of less than 0.1 milligram per liter. Total nitrogen concentrations near the surface ranged from 0.3 to 1.1 milligrams per liter from January 1980 to August 1984.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri874231","usgsCitation":"Leibbrand, N.F., and Gibbons, W.J., 1987, Water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir in northeast Texas, 1977 to 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4231, v, 148 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874231.","productDescription":"v, 148 p.","numberOfPages":"153","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1977-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4231/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57118,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4231/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Cedar Creek Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.25328063964844,\n 32.14131578908406\n ],\n [\n -96.25328063964844,\n 32.439090125173585\n ],\n [\n -95.97244262695312,\n 32.439090125173585\n ],\n [\n -95.97244262695312,\n 32.14131578908406\n ],\n [\n -96.25328063964844,\n 32.14131578908406\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db5460aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leibbrand, Norman F.","contributorId":173583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leibbrand","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbons, Willard J.","contributorId":173568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Willard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30563,"text":"wri874010 - 1987 - Relation between ground water and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin, west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri874010","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4010","title":"Relation between ground water and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin, west-central Florida","docAbstract":"The relation between groundwater and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin was defined through the use of: seismic-reflection profiling along selected reaches of the Hillsborough River, and evaluation of streamflow, rainfall, groundwater levels, water quality, and geologic data. Major municipal well fields in the basin are Morris Bridge and Cypress Creek where an averages of 15.3 and 30.0 million gal/day (mgd), respectively, were pumped in 1980. Mean annual rainfall for the study area is 53.7 inches. Average rainfall for 1980, determined from eight rainfall stations, was 49.7 inches. Evapotranspiration, corrected for the 5% of the basin that is standing water, was 35.7 in/year. The principal geohydrologic units in the basin are the surficial aquifer, the intermediate aquifer and confining beds, the Upper Floridan aquifer, the middle confining unit, and the Lower Floridan aquifer. Total pumpage of groundwater in 1980 was 98.18 mgd. The surficial aquifer and the intermediate aquifer are not used for major groundwater supply in the basin. Continuous marine seismic-reflection data collected along selected reaches of the Hillsborough River were interpreted to define the riverbed profile, the thickness of surficial deposits, and the top of persistent limestone. Major areas of groundwater discharge near the Hillsborough River and its tributaries are the wetlands adjacent to the river between the Zephyrhills gaging stations and Fletcher Avenue and the wetlands adjacent to Cypress Creek. An estimated 20 mgd seeps upward from the Upper Floridan aquifer within those wetland areas. The runoff/sq mi is greater at the Zephyrhills station than at Morris Bridge. However, results of groundwater flow models and potentiometric-surface maps indicate that groundwater is flowing upward along the Hillsborough River between the Zephyrhills gage and the Morris Bridge gage. This upward leakage is lost to evapotranspiration. An aquifer test conducted in 1978 at the Morris Bridge well field was evaluated by using an anisotropic method. Analytical results matched observed water levels within 0.1 ft. Analysis of aquifer test results indicates that withdrawals of up to 28 mgd would have a negligible effect on the river stage or flow. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874010","usgsCitation":"Wolansky, R., and Thompson, T.H., 1987, Relation between ground water and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin, west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4010, vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874010.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4010/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59328,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4010/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolansky, R. M.","contributorId":89163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolansky","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, T. H.","contributorId":23927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44457,"text":"wri854271 - 1987 - Geohydrologic framework of the coastal plain aquifers of South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T11:04:31","indexId":"wri854271","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4271","title":"Geohydrologic framework of the coastal plain aquifers of South Carolina","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a series of investigations of aquifers throughout the United States as a part of the RASA (Regional Aquifer System Analysis) program. These investigations provide a comprehensive regional understanding of groundwater resources throughout the Nation. The Coastal Plain aquifers in South Carolina are being studied as a part of this program. An important part of a description of the groundwater resources is the development of a geohydrologic framework. Such a framework delineates the aquifers through which groundwater flows and the confining units which retard the flow of groundwater between aquifers. The Coastal Plain of South Carolina is underlain by a wedge of sediments that thickens from its inner margin, the Fall Line, to the coast and consists of sand, silt, clay, and limestone of Late Cretaceous to Holocene age. These sediments are underlain by pre-Cretaceous rocks consisting of consolidated sedimentary rocks of Triassic age and a complex of metamorphic and igneous rocks similar to those found near the surface in the Piedmont province of the State. The geohydrologic framework that divides the sediments of the South Carolina Coastal Plain into the Coastal Plain aquifer system is delineated by eleven geohydrologic sections and four maps showing the configuration of the top or base of individual aquifers. Although flow within the Coastal Plain aquifer system is three dimensional, simplifying the system by dividing it into a framework of discrete hydrologic units can aid significantly in understanding the hydrology of the system. This framework is the basis for the aquifers used in potentiometric mapping, transmissivity mapping, geochemical analysis, and groundwater flow modeling for the South Carolina RASA program. 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]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8e67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aucott, Walter R.","contributorId":90275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aucott","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Marvin E.","contributorId":36553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Speiran, Gary K. 0000-0002-6505-1170 gspeiran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-1170","contributorId":3233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speiran","given":"Gary","email":"gspeiran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27902,"text":"wri874039 - 1987 - Hydraulic analyses of water-surface profiles in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 bridge, southern Puerto Rico: Flood analyses as related to the flood of October 7, 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-02T22:57:52.939281","indexId":"wri874039","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4039","title":"Hydraulic analyses of water-surface profiles in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 bridge, southern Puerto Rico: Flood analyses as related to the flood of October 7, 1985","docAbstract":"

The magnitude, frequency and extent of the flood of October 7, 1985 at the Rio Coamo in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 bridge in southern Puerto Rico, were investigated. The observed flood profiles were used to calibrate a step-backwater model. The calibrated model was then used to investigate several alternative flow conditions in the vicinity of the bridge. The peak discharge of the flood at the Highway 52 bridge was 72,000 cu ft/sec. This peak discharge was determined from the peak computed at a reach in the vicinity of the Banos de Coamo, about 1.2 mi upstream from the bridge. The computed discharge at the Banos de Coamo of 66,000 cu ft/sec was adjusted to the dam and bridge location by multiplying it by the ratio of the drainage areas raised to the 0.83 power. The flood had a recurrence interval of about 100 yr, exceeding all previously known floods at the site. The flood overtopped the spillway and levee of the Coamo Dam just upstream of Highway 52. The flow over the spillway was 54,000 cu ft/sec. Flow over the levee was about 18,000 cu ft/sec. About 10,000 cu ft/sec of the flow over the levee returned to the main channel at the base of the embankment at the northeast approach to the bridge. The remaining 8,000 cu ft/sec flowed south through the underpass on Highway 153. The embankment and shoulder on the northern span of the bridge were eroded with the eventual collapse of the approach slab. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874039","usgsCitation":"Johnson, K., Quinones-Marquez, F., and Gonzalez, R., 1987, Hydraulic analyses of water-surface profiles in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 bridge, southern Puerto Rico: Flood analyses as related to the flood of October 7, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4039, vi, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874039.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395327,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46723.htm"},{"id":124252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4039/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56720,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4039/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Coamo Dam, Highway 52 bridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.3944,\n 18.0083\n ],\n [\n -66.375,\n 18.0083\n ],\n [\n -66.375,\n 18.025\n ],\n [\n -66.3944,\n 18.025\n ],\n [\n -66.3944,\n 18.0083\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629ce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, K. G.","contributorId":29381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quinones-Marquez, Ferdinand","contributorId":79083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinones-Marquez","given":"Ferdinand","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gonzalez, Ralph","contributorId":82700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Ralph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":61333,"text":"mf1981 - 1987 - Oblique map of the northern Sierra Nevada, California, showing location of gold-bearing areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-27T18:29:42.950442","indexId":"mf1981","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1981","title":"Oblique map of the northern Sierra Nevada, California, showing location of gold-bearing areas","docAbstract":"

More than a third of the gold produced by the United States was mined in California. The bulk of this gold was recovered from the western slope of the northern half of the Sierra Nevada between the Merced River in the south and the Feather River to the north, a distance of about 170 mi. Gold was first discovered, in this region, on the American River at Coloma in 1848, triggering the famed California gold rush. Mining was continuously active, somewhere in the area, from the discovery of gold until World War II when mining was legally prohibited. Dramatic increases in gold prices in the past decade coupled with recent advances in extractive techniques have revitalized prospecting, and major deposits are currently being explored and developed.

\n

Gold has been found in a variety of geologic environments in the region. In addition to production from the complex vein systems of the historically famous Mother Lode and associated East Gold Belt and West Gold Belt, large amounts of gold have also been recovered from the Grass Valley-Nevada City and other isolated lode districts and from Tertiary river channels and Quaternary alluvium.

\n

This oblique map illustrates the relation of the different gold-bearing environments to each other and to the general terrain of the northern Sierra Nevada. The map was derived from the 1970 U.S. Geological Survey 1:500,000-scale topographic map of California and the 1976 U.S. Geological Survey 1:500,000-scale topographic map of Nevada, using an isometrograph, a mechanical instrument that produces an oblique framework by tracing individual contours. Form lines sketched over this framework graphically portray the physiographic configuration of the region. Relief on the oblique map has a 3:1 vertical exaggeration and appears as if viewed from a 30° angle above the horizon.

\n

Locations of lode gold prospects and mines shown on the map were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey's Mineral Resource Data System (MRDS), a computerized mineral-resource information file, and plotted in their respective locations (D.F. Huber, written commun., 1986). Some locations from two northern counties, missing from the MRDS retrival, were added. The twenty lode mines believed to be the most productive are cited in table 1. A total of nearly 4,000 sites, including both prospects and mines, were initially plotted, but about a third of those were obscured by topography on the oblique map. Locations of Tertiary river channels and gold-dredging fields were taken from published general references modified by examining specific sources and by cursory field examination. Seven of the major dredge fields are identified in table 2.

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R.","contributorId":20715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpha","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodge, F. C. W.","contributorId":18755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"C. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bliss, J. 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