Hydrologic data was collected during the 1988 water year in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey Bureau in the Big Spring ground-water basin located in Clayton County, Iowa. Information on precipitation, streams, and ground water was collected in the basin.
\nTotal rainfall at Big Spring was 24.08 inches. The greatest monthly rainfall was in September. Calcium and sulfate were the predominant ions in the rain and the median ammonia and nitrate concentrations as nitrogen were 0.40 and 0.37 mg/L (milligrams per liter), respectively.
\nStream discharge, water temperature, specific conductance, and pH were monitored continuously and monthly water-quality samples were collected at three sites in the basin. In the streams, water temperature and pH vary diurnally and are greatest during the day. Specific conductance varies inversely with water temperature and pH. The predominant ions in the streams were calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. Nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0.5 to 15 mg/L. Pesticide concentrations ranged from less than 0.10 µg/L (micrograms per liter) to 0.72 µg/L. Atrazine was detected in 12 of 13 stream samples and cyanazine was detected in 4 of 13 samples.
\nThe daily mean temperature of the water in Big Spring ranged from 9.7 to 10.6 degrees Celsius, the daily mean specific conductance ranged from 698 to 735 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, and the daily median pH ranged from 6.7 to 7.1. Calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate were the predominant ions in solution. Nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen concentrations ranged from 7.5 to 11 mg/L. Atrazine was the only pesticide detected in the monthly samples from Big Spring. Atrazine concentrations were greater than the detection limit in six of seven samples and ranged from less than 0.10 to 0.26 µg/L.
\nDuring a baseflow seepage study, June 28 and 29, the discharge lost by streams in the basin was 5.57 cubic feet per second and the dissolved nitrogen load lost was 0.19 tons per day. The discharge and total dissolved nitrogen leaving the basin in streams was 2.93 cubic feet per second and 0.02 tons per day, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City","doi":"10.3133/ofr89230","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resource (Geological Survey Bureau)","usgsCitation":"Kalkhoff, S.J., 1989, Hydrologic data for the Big Spring basin, Clayton County, Iowa, water year 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-230, vi, 44 p. ill.; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89230.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p. ill.; 28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":43081,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0230/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0230/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Clayton County","otherGeospatial":"Big Spring basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.59782409667969,\n 42.903885012632266\n ],\n [\n -91.59782409667969,\n 43.08694333811321\n ],\n [\n -91.28952026367188,\n 43.08694333811321\n ],\n [\n -91.28952026367188,\n 42.903885012632266\n ],\n [\n -91.59782409667969,\n 42.903885012632266\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkhoff, Stephen J. 0000-0003-4110-1716 sjkalkho@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-1716","contributorId":1731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"Stephen","email":"sjkalkho@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":169389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":12253,"text":"ofr89448 - 1989 - Proceed Strong-Motion Data for the Central Chile Earthquake of March 3, 1985: Fifteen Accelerograph Sites Owned by CHILECTRA, ENDESA, and the Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:44","indexId":"ofr89448","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-448","title":"Proceed Strong-Motion Data for the Central Chile Earthquake of March 3, 1985: Fifteen Accelerograph Sites Owned by CHILECTRA, ENDESA, and the Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Chile","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89448","usgsCitation":"Campbell, K., Algermissen, S.T., Kausel, E., and Highland, L., 1989, Proceed Strong-Motion Data for the Central Chile Earthquake of March 3, 1985: Fifteen Accelerograph Sites Owned by CHILECTRA, ENDESA, and the Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Chile: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-448, 328 p. (321 pages of appendices, 7 pages of text), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89448.","productDescription":"328 p. (321 pages of appendices, 7 pages of text)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0448/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40417,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0448/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6608ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, K.W.","contributorId":26309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Algermissen, S. T.","contributorId":39790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Algermissen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kausel, Edgar","contributorId":82707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kausel","given":"Edgar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Highland, L.M.","contributorId":18780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Highland","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":16543,"text":"ofr89243 - 1989 - Hydraulic characteristics of the New River in the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:17","indexId":"ofr89243","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-243","title":"Hydraulic characteristics of the New River in the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia","docAbstract":"Traveltime, dispersion, water-surface and streambed profiles, and cross-section data were collected for use in application of flow and solute-transport models to the New River in the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia. Dye clouds subjected to increasing and decreasing flow rates (unsteady flow) showed that increasing flows shorten the cloud and decreasing flows lengthen the cloud. After the flow rate was changed and the flow was again steady, traveltime and dispersion characteristics were determined by the new rate of flow. Seven stage/streamflow relations identified the general changes of stream geometry throughout the study reach. Channel cross sections were estimated for model input. Low water and streambed profiles were developed from surveyed water surface elevations and water depths. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nCopies can be purchased from U.S. Geological Survey Books and Open-File Reports,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89243","usgsCitation":"Wiley, J., and Appel, D.H., 1989, Hydraulic characteristics of the New River in the New River Gorge National River, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-243, iv, 34 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89243.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0243/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45529,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0243/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a2ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiley, J.B.","contributorId":76739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Appel, David H.","contributorId":45290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Appel","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":17909,"text":"ofr8938 - 1989 - Well data, surface-water discharges, and nitrate concentrations, February 1986 - September 1987, in parts of the Pasco Basin, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:22","indexId":"ofr8938","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-38","title":"Well data, surface-water discharges, and nitrate concentrations, February 1986 - September 1987, in parts of the Pasco Basin, Washington","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the State of Washington Department of Ecology, is conducting a study of parts of the Pasco basin, Washington, to determine: (1) effects of dams, surface-water application, canal seepage, and pumpage on groundwater levels; (2) quality of groundwater and probable sources of large concentrations of nitrate; (3) presence of pesticides in the groundwater systems; (4) directions and general rates of movement of undesirable chemicals and/or chemical concentrations in the groundwater system; and (5) possible results of various management alternatives for dealing with high groundwater levels and large concentrations of nitrate in groundwater. This report contains basic data collected from the start of the project in February 1986 through September 1987. The groundwater level network consisted of about 500 wells that were measured in February 1986, September 1986, and February 1987. Water levels were measured monthly in about 70 wells, and 5 wells were monitored with continuous recorders. Groundwater and surface water samples were collected and analyzed for nitrate concentrations and specific conductance. Most of the water level network wells and selected surface-water sites were sampled in September 1986. Selected wells were sampled periodically from September 1986 through September 1987. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nCopies can be purchased from U.S. Geological Survey Books and Open-File Reports,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8938","usgsCitation":"Drost, B., Schurr, K., Ruppert, G., and Cox, S., 1989, Well data, surface-water discharges, and nitrate concentrations, February 1986 - September 1987, in parts of the Pasco Basin, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-38, iv, 132 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8938.","productDescription":"iv, 132 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0038/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47143,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0038/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4888e4b07f02db51a8c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drost, B. W.","contributorId":38526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"B. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schurr, K.M.","contributorId":36102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schurr","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppert, G.P.","contributorId":67111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cox, S.E.","contributorId":66663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":12180,"text":"ofr88373 - 1989 - National assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources, USGS-MMS working paper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T10:36:54","indexId":"ofr88373","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-373","title":"National assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources, USGS-MMS working paper","docAbstract":"In 1981, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) published the results of a 1980 national assessment of undiscovered oil and natural gas resources for the United States, including the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). The publication, USGS Circular 860, was entitled \"Estimates of Undiscovered Recoverable Conventional Resources of Oil and Gas in the United States\" (hereafter referred to as Circular 860). The assessment provided an update to the previous USGS estimates for the Nation (published in 1975 as Circular 725).
In 1982, the Minerals Management Service (MMS) was formed from a portion of USGS and other Department of the Interior (DOI) organizations for resource management of Federal offshore areas and for management of revenues collected from onshore and offshore Federal mineral leases. The HMS published estimates of undiscovered oil and natural gas resources for the OCS in 1985 in a report entitled \"Estimates of Undiscovered, Economically Recoverable Oil and Gas Resources for the Outer Continental Shelf as of July 1984\" (OCS Report MMS 85-0012).
The agencies, both part of DOI, agreed in 1985 to conduct a cooperative assessment of the entire United States to estimate undiscovered oil and natural gas based upon a common date. These working papers provide estimates for the onshore and offshore geologic provinces of the Nation and summarize the methodologies, assumptions, and data utilized in the development of those estimates. (Figs. 1.5 and 1.6 are index maps showing the geologic provinces.) The methodologies, assumptions, and data differ from those used in the previous assessments, thereby making direct comparisons between estimates of this and previous assessments difficult to interpret. Therefore, these working papers have been prepared as a means of eliciting comments from peer scientific, academic, and industry experts in the estimation of oil and natural gas resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Minerals Management Service","doi":"10.3133/ofr88373","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, and Minerals Management Service, 1989, National assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources, USGS-MMS working paper: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-373, xvii, 511 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88373.","productDescription":"xvii, 511 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0373/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":339179,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0373/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"103.97 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6984d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minerals Management Service","contributorId":128248,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Minerals Management Service","id":528921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":14332,"text":"ofr89186 - 1989 - Strong-motion data from the Malibu, California, earthquake of January 19, 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:08","indexId":"ofr89186","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-186","title":"Strong-motion data from the Malibu, California, earthquake of January 19, 1989","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89186","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D., and Acosta, A., 1989, Strong-motion data from the Malibu, California, earthquake of January 19, 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-186, ii, 21 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89186.","productDescription":"ii, 21 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148249,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0186/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43000,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0186/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4bb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, D.A.","contributorId":61370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Acosta, A.V.","contributorId":73604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acosta","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":18740,"text":"ofr89228 - 1989 - Selected ground-water information for the Pasco basin and adjacent areas, Washington, 1986-1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:24","indexId":"ofr89228","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-228","title":"Selected ground-water information for the Pasco basin and adjacent areas, Washington, 1986-1989","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the United States Department of Energy, conducted a study of the Pasco basin and adjacent areas, Washington, in support of the Basalt Waste Isolation Project at the Hanford site, Washington. The purpose of the study was to develop a data set that would help define the groundwater-flow system of the Pasco Basin. This report contains the basic data, without interpretation, that were collected from the start of the project in February 1986 through January 1989. Information presented is from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, State of Washington Department of Ecology , US Army Corps of Engineers, Kennewick Irrigation District, and the Survey, and consists of well location and construction data, records of water levels in the wells, and aquifer designations for each well. The aquifer designation represents the geohydrologic unit to which the well is reported to be open. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89228","usgsCitation":"Drost, B., Schurr, K., and Lum, W.E., 1989, Selected ground-water information for the Pasco basin and adjacent areas, Washington, 1986-1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-228, iii, 91 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89228.","productDescription":"iii, 91 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0228/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48099,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0228/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9535","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drost, B. W.","contributorId":38526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"B. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schurr, K.M.","contributorId":36102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schurr","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lum, W. E. II","contributorId":81504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"W.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":14874,"text":"ofr88327 - 1989 - Water-resources data for the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T09:36:29","indexId":"ofr88327","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-327","title":"Water-resources data for the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88327","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, K.A., 1989, Water-resources data for the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-327, iv, 23 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88327.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":43682,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0327/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43683,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0327/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0327/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4e8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, Kathleen A. mccarthy@usgs.gov","contributorId":1159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Kathleen","email":"mccarthy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":170163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":14259,"text":"ofr89401 - 1989 - Compilation of geohydrologic data collected as part of the areal appraisal of ground-water resources near Branson, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:45","indexId":"ofr89401","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-401","title":"Compilation of geohydrologic data collected as part of the areal appraisal of ground-water resources near Branson, Missouri","docAbstract":"A rapidly developing retirement community and tourist industry in the Branson, Missouri area has created an increased demand for potable water, especially in the summer months. The rapid pace of residential and business expansion has created concerns regarding the future groundwater availability and quality. Water levels measured in the Ozark aquifer during the summer of 1988 and March 1989 show water levels increasing in 22 wells, decreasing in 2 wells, and remaining the same in 1 well. The water level increases ranged from 1 to 111 ft. These measurements and similar measurements during the summer of 1989 will be used to calibrate a three-dimensional model of groundwater flow in the Branson area and estimate the long-term effect of large groundwater withdrawals during the summer tourist season. A reconnaissance of water quality in 34 wells that are open to the Ozark aquifer shows specific conductance ranging from 347 to 841 microsiemens/cm at 25 C and no fecal coliform bacteria present in any well. Chloride and nitrate concentrations in all wells were well below the Missouri Department of Natural Resources recommended maximum concentrations of 250 mg/L and 10 mg/L, respectively. Analysis of 5 water samples for 33 volatile organic compounds failed to detect any concentrations in excess of the detection limits. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89401","usgsCitation":"Imes, J., 1989, Compilation of geohydrologic data collected as part of the areal appraisal of ground-water resources near Branson, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-401, v, 24 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89401.","productDescription":"v, 24 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0401/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42940,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0401/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a984e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Imes, J. L.","contributorId":61428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Imes","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":19183,"text":"ofr88324 - 1989 - Suspended-sediment data in the upper Rio Grande De Loiza basin, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:30","indexId":"ofr88324","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-324","title":"Suspended-sediment data in the upper Rio Grande De Loiza basin, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"Fluvial sediment, a widely recognized pollutant of surface water , is reducing the efficiency and useful life of almost all reservoirs in Puerto Rico. Sediment transported from the upper basin of the Rio Grande de Loiza is eventually deposited in the bottom of Lago Loiza, a water reservoir. Suspended sediment data were collected from 1983 to 1986 from a 208 sq mi area extending from the headwaters of Rio Grande de Loiza to the Lago Loiza. The drainage areas range from 0.82 sq mi to 89.8 sq mi. Results are based on three years of data from a network of five daily- record stations and five partial-record stations. A total of 2 ,114 sediment samples were collected and analyzed during the investigation. Instantaneous concentrations of suspended sediment varied from 0 to 56, 100 mg/L. Instantaneous suspended sediment loads ranged from 0 tons/day to 817,000 tons/day. A total of 152 suspended sediment samples were analyzed for particle size distribution. Suspended sediment in the streams is composed mostly of silt and clay. Sand content ranged from 6 to 80% during high flows. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr88324","usgsCitation":"Guzman-Rios, S., 1989, Suspended-sediment data in the upper Rio Grande De Loiza basin, Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-324, v, 42 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88324.","productDescription":"v, 42 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0324/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48649,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0324/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687fbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guzman-Rios, Senen sgguzman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guzman-Rios","given":"Senen","email":"sgguzman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":180459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17633,"text":"ofr88318 - 1989 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":17633,"text":"ofr88318 - 1989 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","indexId":"ofr88318","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2635,"text":"wsp2367 - 1991 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","indexId":"wsp2367","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2635,"text":"wsp2367 - 1991 - Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","indexId":"wsp2367","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T19:30:36.120435","indexId":"ofr88318","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-318","title":"Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","docAbstract":"Ten years of hydrologic research have been conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey at a commercial low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois. Research included studies of microclimate, evapotranspiration, and tritium release by plants; runoff and land modification; water movement through a trench cover; water and tritium movement in the unsaturated zone; gases in the unsaturated zone; water and tritium movement in the saturated zone; and water chemistry. Implications specific to each research topic and those based on overlapping research topics are summarized as to their potential effect on the selection, characterization, design, operation, and decommissioning processes of future low-level radioactive-waste disposal sites.
Unconsolidated deposits at the site are diverse in lithologic character and are spatially and stratigraphically complex. Thickness of these Quaternary deposits ranges from 3 to 27 meters and averages 17 meters. The unconsolidated deposits overlay 140 meters of Pennsylvanian shale, mudstone, siltstone, and coal.
Approximately 90,500 cubic meters of waste were buried from August 1967 through August 1978, in 21 trenches that were constructed in glacial materials by using a cut-and-fill process. Trenches generally were constructed below grade and ranged from 11 to 180 meters long, 2.4 to 21 meters wide, and 2.4 to about 7.9 meters deep.
Research on microclimate and evapotranspiration at the site was conducted from July 1982 through June 1984. Continuous measurements were made of precipitation, incoming and reflected solar (shortwave) radiation, incoming and emitted terrestrial (longwave) radiation, horizontal windspeed and direction, wet- and dry-bulb air temperature, barometric pressure, soil-heat fluxes, and soil temperature. Soil-moisture content, for this research phase, was measured approximately biweekly. Evapotranspiration rates were estimated by using three techniques--energy budget, aerodynamic profile, and water budget. Although monthly totals for each method differed, estimated annual evapotranspiration averages ranged from 630 to 693 millimeters or about 70 percent of precipitation.
Tritium concentrations in leaf water from on-site plants were determined for 125 vegetation samples collected during the summers of 1982 through 1986. Concentrations varied significantly among some locations and plant types. Tritium concentrations ranged from the detection limit of 0 .2 to 1,330 nanocuries per liter, with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) having the highest concentrations, followed by brome grass (Bromus inermis), and then red clover (Trifoleum pratense); these variations in concentration are most likely a result of root depth.
Runoff and sediment transport were measured from July 1982 through December 1985 in four basins--three comprising almost two-thirds of the 8.1-hectare site and one comprising a 1.4-hectare undisturbed area. Volumes and equivalent weights of collapses were estimated from records of site surficial conditions from October 1978 through December 1985. Runoff showed a direct relation to degree of land modification; lowest mean yields were measured at the undisturbed area, and highest mean yields were measured from the basin composed wholly of trench and intertrench areas. Sediment yield measured onsite averaged 3.4 megagrams per hectare. A total of 315 collapse cavities, corresponding to a cumulative volume of about 500 cubic meters, were documented. Most collapses were recorded after periods of rainfall or snowmelt when soil moisture was near maximum. Almost two-thirds of the collapses, corresponding to 63 percent of the cumulative cavity volume, occurred during February through April.
Data for the study of water movement through a trench cover were collected from July 1982 through June 1934. Pressure-head data were collected at four different clusters at depths ranging from 50 to 1,850 millimeters within a selected trench cover. Soil-moisture content for this research phase was measured weekly with a gamma-attenuation moisture probe. The amount of water stored within the trench cover fluctuated in an annual cycle. Moisture contents were greatest in late March or early April, decreased steadily from late spring through the summer, reached a minimum in late August or early September, and then increased gradually from midfall through the winter. Depths of wetting-front movements were a function of initial soil-moisture content and total storm precipitation. Seepage to the trench was estimated by use of four different methods: the Darcy method, the zero-flux phase method, the surface-based water-budget method, and the ground-water based water-budget method. Estimates by the different methods differed considerably.
Investigation of the unsaturated zone at the site began in 1981 and is ongoing (1987). Water movement was measured along a generalized vertical section through four trenches. A 120-meter-long, 2-meter-diameter horizontal tunnel provided access below the trenches. The timing of water movement varied temporally and spatially. Vertical flow was inhibited at interfaces between lithologic units of contrasting hydraulic conductivities. Data also indicate that water movement through the sand of the Toulon Member of the Glasford Formation occurs along localized partially saturated to saturated flow paths. Average velocities of water movement through the extent of the unsaturated zone, as estimated by a saturation-tracking method, ranged from 0.04 to 0.34 meter per day.
Tritium concentrations in the unsaturated zone varied spatially reflecting the heterogeneity of wastes in the overlying trenches and local hydrogeologic conditions. Tritium concentrations at all lysimeter locations increased with time; however, the increases usually were of small magnitude. Tritium concentrations increased abruptly, from five to nine times previous concentrations, at only 3 of 14 locations.
Gas samples were collected from a network of soil-gas piezometers located in the undisturbed unsaturated zone near a waste trench at approximately 70-day intervals during 1984-86. Relative proportions of nitrogen, oxygen plus argon, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, butane, tritiated water vapor, carbon dioxide, and 222radon were converted to partial pressures, based on a mean atmospheric pressure of 98.6 kilopascals. Methane and 14 carbon dioxide were identified as originating in the waste and having mean partial pressures that generally decreased with horizontal distance from the trench and with vertical distance to the land surface. Partial-pressure gradients for other radioactive gases were not detected in the gas sampling network; definable gradients may occur much nearer to the waste source.
Ground-water flow has been studied at the site since 1976. The spatial, stratigraphic, and lithologic complexity of the unconsolidated deposits that compose the shallow aquifer result in the free water surface intersecting nine different lithologic units at the site. Saturated hydraulic conductivities of these units range from about 4x10-12 to 8x10-6 centimeters per second. Three ground-water basins were defined within the shallow aquifer, with flow generally from west to east. Ground-water velocities are highly variable. A tracer test conducted in a pebbly-sand unit resulted in velocities in the range of 640 to 770 meters per year. Estimated velocities for the other units ranged from 2 to 490 meters per year.
Tritium was detected in observation wells on-site in 1976 and off-site in 1982. Concentrations ranged from the analytical detection limit of 0.2 to over 300 nanocuries per liter. Seasonal variations in tritium concentrations were observed in most wells, and dilution caused by infiltrating rainfall was observed.
Water-chemistry research included the collection and analysis of precipitation, geologic materials, and unsaturated- and saturated-zone water, both on-site and off-site, and in all geologic units, during 1978 to 1984. Precipitation was a calcium-zinc-sulfate type water. Calcium and bicarbonate were the most abundant cation and anion, respectively, in the geologic materials. Mean dissolved organic carbon and tritium concentrations (45 milligrams per liter and 290 nanocuries per liter, respectively) were greater in samples from six lysimeters located directly below waste trenches and one located within a trench, than in samples from all other lysimeters (8.4 milligrams per liter and 17 nanocuries per liter, respectively). Water in the saturated zone was generally a magnesium-bicarbonate type. Tritium was the only radionuclide detected in the saturated zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr88318","usgsCitation":"1989, Results of hydrologic research at a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-318, x, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88318.","productDescription":"x, 114 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0318/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":384153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0318/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Sheffield","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.76242065429688,\n 41.33660710626423\n ],\n [\n -89.67727661132811,\n 41.33660710626423\n ],\n [\n -89.67727661132811,\n 41.3675335097313\n ],\n [\n -89.76242065429688,\n 41.3675335097313\n ],\n [\n -89.76242065429688,\n 41.33660710626423\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673fe8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ryan, Barbara J.","contributorId":53397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Barbara J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749494,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17205,"text":"ofr89408 - 1989 - Ground-water data for Georgia, 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-17T20:02:58.611378","indexId":"ofr89408","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-408","title":"Ground-water data for Georgia, 1988","docAbstract":"Continuous water-level records from 144 wells and water-level measurements from an additional 617 wells in Georgia during 1988 provide the basic data for this report. Daily mean water-level hydrographs for selected wells illustrate the effects that changes ln recharge and discharge have had on the ground-water reservoirs in the State during 1988. Monthly mean water levels are shown for the 10-year period 1979-88. Maps showing the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer for Hay 1988 and the Claiborne and Clayton aquifers for October 1988 also are presented.\r\n\r\nAnnual mean water levels in Georgia generally were below those measured in 1987; water levels ranged from 6.9 feet higher to 7.3 feet lower. Record-low water levels were measured during the last half of 1988 in 18 wells tapping the crystalline rock aquifer, the Cretaceous rock aquifer system, the Midville aquifer system, and the Clayton, Upper Floridan, and upper Brunswick aquifers. These record lows were from 0.1 to 1.4 feet lower than the previous record lows. A prolonged drought resulted in decreased recharge to the aquifers and increased ground-water pumping, which caused water levels to decline.\r\n\r\nWater-quality samples collected periodically throughout Georgia are analyzed as part of areal and regional ground-water studies. Maps showing chloride concentrations in the Upper Floridan aquifer in October 1988 in coastal Georgia and in the Savannah and Brunswick areas are presented. Periodic monitoring of water quality in the Savannah and Brunswick areas indicates that chloride concentrations in the Upper Floridan generally have remained stable.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89408","usgsCitation":"Joiner, C.N., Peck, M., Reynolds, M.S., and Stayton, W.L., 1989, Ground-water data for Georgia, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-408, xvi, 176 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89408.","productDescription":"xvi, 176 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406547,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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\"}}]}","publicComments":"**PUBLICATION PAGES ARE IN INCORRECT ORDER**","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f157e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joiner, Charles N.","contributorId":68755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joiner","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peck, Michael F. mfpeck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Michael F.","email":"mfpeck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reynolds, Mark S.","contributorId":24798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stayton, Welby L.","contributorId":19573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stayton","given":"Welby","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":14433,"text":"ofr89495 - 1989 - Draft generalized geologic map of the Chandler Lake Quadrangle, north-central Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":14433,"text":"ofr89495 - 1989 - Draft generalized geologic map of the Chandler Lake Quadrangle, north-central Alaska","indexId":"ofr89495","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Draft generalized geologic map of the Chandler Lake Quadrangle, north-central Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":59888,"text":"mf2144A - 1990 - Generalized geologic map of the Chandler Lake Quadrangle, north-central Alaska","indexId":"mf2144A","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Generalized geologic map of the Chandler Lake Quadrangle, north-central Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":59888,"text":"mf2144A - 1990 - Generalized geologic map of the Chandler Lake Quadrangle, north-central Alaska","indexId":"mf2144A","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"title":"Generalized geologic map of the Chandler Lake Quadrangle, north-central Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-14T17:52:57.716834","indexId":"ofr89495","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-495","title":"Draft generalized geologic map of the Chandler Lake Quadrangle, north-central Alaska","docAbstract":"Release of this map in open-file is in response to recent requests for geological information in the central Brooks Range and adjacent Arctic foothills. Upcoming State of Alaska oil and gas lease sales, the White Hills Sale Area 61 (January, 1992), the North Slope Foothills Sale Area 57 (September, 1993), and the Nanushuk Sale Area 77 (May, 1993) are stimulating interest in the geology of the central Arctic foothills. Geological field programs in preparation for lease sales are beginning this summer. Western Geophysical Company has made 800 line miles of reflection seismic data available for the upcoming lease sales, 400 line miles shot during the winter of 1986-87 and 400 line miles shot during the winter of 1988-89. The recently completed geophysical and ongoing geological surveys have prompted requests for timely release of geological information on the central Arctic foothills.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89495","usgsCitation":"Kelley, J., 1989, Draft generalized geologic map of the Chandler Lake Quadrangle, north-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-495, Report: 31 p.; 1 Plate: 34.19 x 27.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89495.","productDescription":"Report: 31 p.; 1 Plate: 34.19 x 27.82 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":419788,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0495/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":419787,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0495/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148233,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0495/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":397585,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19091.htm"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chandler Lake Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 68\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635dcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelley, John S.","contributorId":23560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"John S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":19480,"text":"ofr89597 - 1989 - Ground-water data for Michigan 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-29T10:37:53","indexId":"ofr89597","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-597","title":"Ground-water data for Michigan 1988","docAbstract":"Water levels, locations, depths, and aquifers tapped are given for 112 observation wells. Tabulated data include a listing of ground water reports in Michigan, extremes of water levels for calendar year 1988 and for the period of record, pumpage of most major ground-water users in the State, and water-quality data from selected wells. The two largest municipal users of ground water, were the cities of Lansing and Kalamazoo. In 1988, Lansing pumped 7.8 billion gallons from the Saginaw Formation and glacial deposits and Kalamazoo pumped 7.4 billion gallons from glacial deposits only.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, Michigan","doi":"10.3133/ofr89597","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Geological Survey Division","usgsCitation":"Huffman, G., and Whited, C., 1989, Ground-water data for Michigan 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-597, v, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89597.","productDescription":"v, 54 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":48950,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0597/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":151860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0597/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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These soundings were made to assist in mapping the depth to brine in areas where borehole resistivity logs and water-quality data are sparse or lacking. The Schlumberger array for placement of current and potential electrodes was used for each sounding. Vertical electrical-resistivity sounding field data, shifted and smoothed sounding data, and electric layers calculated using inverse modeling techniques are presented. Also included is a summary of the near-surface conditions and depths to conductors and resistors for each sounding location.
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ferromanganese crusts collected throughout the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, and has been assembled from published and unpublished sources which provide collection and analytical information for these samples. These crusts, their chemical compositions and natural distribution, have been a topic of interest to scientific research, as well as to industrial and military applications. Unlike abyssal ferromanganese nodules, which form in areas of low disturbance and high sediment accumulation, crusts have been found to contain three to five times more cobalt than these nodules, and can be found on harder, steeper substrates which can be too steep for permanent sediment accumulation. They have also been documented on seamounts and plateaus within the U.S. exclusive economic zone in both Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, and these are therefore of strategic importance to the United States Government, as well as to civilian mining and metallurgical industries. The data tables provided in this report have been digitized and previously uploaded to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Geophysical Data Center in 1991 for online distribution, and were provided in plain text format. The 2014 update to the original U.S. Geological Survey open-file report published in 1989 provides these data tables in a slightly reformatted version to make them easier to ingest into geographic information system software, converted to shapefiles, and have completed metadata written and associated with them.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8920V.1.1","usgsCitation":"Manheim, F., and Lane-Bostwick, C.M., 1989, Chemical composition of ferromanganese crusts in the world ocean: a review and comprehensive database (First posted 1989; Revised and reposted November 18, 2014, version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-20, xi, 475 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8920V.1.1.","productDescription":"xi, 475 p.","numberOfPages":"480","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296536,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr8920.jpg"},{"id":296525,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0020/pdf/ofr89-20_ver1-1.pdf","size":"33.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46083,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0020/","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":296526,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0020/downloads","text":"Downloads Directory"}],"edition":"First posted 1989; Revised and reposted November 18, 2014, version 1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e41b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manheim, Frank T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":45294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"Frank T.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":174369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane-Bostwick, Candice M.","contributorId":82402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane-Bostwick","given":"Candice","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":14912,"text":"ofr89334 - 1989 - Hydrogeochemical survey of groundwater for selected areas in the Arabian Shield and in cover rocks, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-02T18:10:54","indexId":"ofr89334","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-334","title":"Hydrogeochemical survey of groundwater for selected areas in the Arabian Shield and in cover rocks, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"In the spring of 1984, a hydrogeochemical survey was conducted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to test ground water as a sampling medium in exploration for mineral deposits. Eighty-one water samples (mostly from wells) were collected. The samples were analysed for the presence and concentration of major cations and anions, as well as a suite of trace elements. Most of the water samples contained high concentrations of dissolved salts. The majority of the samples showed no significant amounts of the trace elements. A few well-water samples contained moderately anomalous concentrations of zinc, molybdenum, and uranium. These anomalies could be due to salinity effects, contamination, or the proximity of mineral sources. This survey has established some baseline water-chemistry data, especially for the trace metals, which to date have not been reported in ground water in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr89334","usgsCitation":"McHugh, J., and Miller, W.R., 1989, Hydrogeochemical survey of groundwater for selected areas in the Arabian Shield and in cover rocks, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-334, ii, 38 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89334.","productDescription":"ii, 38 p. ill. ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":43720,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0334/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146338,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0334/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 39,\n 32\n ],\n [\n 39,\n 28\n ],\n [\n 42,\n 28\n ],\n [\n 42,\n 32\n ],\n [\n 39,\n 32\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 45,\n 21\n ],\n [\n 45,\n 25\n ],\n [\n 50,\n 25\n ],\n [\n 50,\n 21\n ],\n [\n 45,\n 21\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 38,\n 24\n ],\n [\n 38,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 44,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 44,\n 24\n ],\n [\n 38,\n 24\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628de2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McHugh, John B.","contributorId":64651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, W. Roger","contributorId":60191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":19534,"text":"ofr8971 - 1989 - Water-quality data for selected sites on Michaud Flats, Fort Hall Indian Reservation, Idaho, December 1982 to July 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:32","indexId":"ofr8971","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-71","title":"Water-quality data for selected sites on Michaud Flats, Fort Hall Indian Reservation, Idaho, December 1982 to July 1987","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nCopies can be purchased from U.S. Geological Survey Books and Open-File Reports,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8971","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, N.D., 1989, Water-quality data for selected sites on Michaud Flats, Fort Hall Indian Reservation, Idaho, December 1982 to July 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-71, ii, 26 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8971.","productDescription":"ii, 26 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0071/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48994,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0071/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699624","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Nathan D.","contributorId":79540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11834,"text":"ofr89531 - 1989 - Additional mineral resources assessment of the Battle Creek, Bruneau River, Deep Creek-Owyhee River, Jarbidge River, Juniper Creek, Little Owyhee River, North Fork Owyhee River, Owyhee River Canyon, South Fork Owyhee River, Upper Deep Creek, and Yatahoney Creek Wilderness Study Areas, Owyhee County, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:41","indexId":"ofr89531","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-531","title":"Additional mineral resources assessment of the Battle Creek, Bruneau River, Deep Creek-Owyhee River, Jarbidge River, Juniper Creek, Little Owyhee River, North Fork Owyhee River, Owyhee River Canyon, South Fork Owyhee River, Upper Deep Creek, and Yatahoney Creek Wilderness Study Areas, Owyhee County, Idaho","docAbstract":"From 1984 to 1986, studies were conducted to assess the potential for undiscovered mineral resources in wilderness study areas on the Owyhee Plateau. The results of these studies have been published in a series of U.S. Geological Survey Bulletins. Since that time, low-grade, high-tonnage epithermal hot-spring gold-silver deposits have been recognized in the region north of the wilderness study areas. The recognition that this mineral-deposit model is applicable in the region, coupled with new data that has become available to the U.S. Geological Survey, reinterpretation of existing geochemical data, and known-deposit data suggest that similar deposits may be present elsewhere on the Owyhee Plateau. This report is an additional assessment of the Battle Creek, Bruneau River, Deep Creek-Owyhee River, Jarbidge River, Juniper Creek, Little Owyhee River, North Fork Owyhee River, Owyhee River Canyon, South Fork Owyhee River (ID-016-053), Upper Deep Creek, and Yatahoney Creek Wilderness Study Areas in Idaho Wilderness Study Areas in Idaho in light of those new data.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89531","usgsCitation":"Diggles, M.F., Berger, B.R., Vander Meulen, D.B., Minor, S.A., Ach, J.A., and Sawlan, M.G., 1989, Additional mineral resources assessment of the Battle Creek, Bruneau River, Deep Creek-Owyhee River, Jarbidge River, Juniper Creek, Little Owyhee River, North Fork Owyhee River, Owyhee River Canyon, South Fork Owyhee River, Upper Deep Creek, and Yatahoney Creek Wilderness Study Areas, Owyhee County, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-531, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89531.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":979,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/of89-531/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":145780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diggles, Michael F. 0000-0002-9946-0247 mdiggles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9946-0247","contributorId":810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diggles","given":"Michael","email":"mdiggles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5066,"text":"Office of the Director USGS","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5053,"text":"IPDS Training","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":163825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berger, Byron R. bberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Byron","email":"bberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":163826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vander Meulen, Dean B.","contributorId":79483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vander Meulen","given":"Dean","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minor, Scott A. 0000-0002-6976-9235 sminor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6976-9235","contributorId":765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"Scott","email":"sminor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":163824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ach, Jay A.","contributorId":55446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ach","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sawlan, Michael G. 0000-0003-0637-2051 msawlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0637-2051","contributorId":2291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawlan","given":"Michael","email":"msawlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":163827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":18354,"text":"ofr8928 - 1989 - A general method for generating bathymetric data for hydrodynamic computer models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-26T16:38:10","indexId":"ofr8928","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-28","title":"A general method for generating bathymetric data for hydrodynamic computer models","docAbstract":"To generate water depth data from randomly distributed bathymetric data for numerical hydrodymamic models, raw input data from field surveys, water depth data digitized from nautical charts, or a combination of the two are sorted to given an ordered data set on which a search algorithm is used to isolate data for interpolation. Water depths at locations required by hydrodynamic models are interpolated from the bathymetric data base using linear or cubic shape functions used in the finite-element method. The bathymetric database organization and preprocessing, the search algorithm used in finding the bounding points for interpolation, the mathematics of the interpolation formulae, and the features of the automatic generation of water depths at hydrodynamic model grid points are included in the analysis. This report includes documentation of two computer programs which are used to: (1) organize the input bathymetric data; and (2) to interpolate depths for hydrodynamic models. An example of computer program operation is drawn from a realistic application to the San Francisco Bay estuarine system. (Author 's abstract)
","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr8928","usgsCitation":"Burau, J., and Cheng, R.T., 1989, A general method for generating bathymetric data for hydrodynamic computer models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-28, iv, 45 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8928.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":151367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0028/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47705,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0028/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae824","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burau, J.R. 0000-0002-5196-5035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":7307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11838,"text":"ofr89128 - 1989 - Alaska Interim Land Cover Mapping Program; final report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T13:23:32","indexId":"ofr89128","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-128","title":"Alaska Interim Land Cover Mapping Program; final report","docAbstract":"In 1985, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated a research project to develop an interim land cover data base for Alaska as an alternative to the nationwide Land Use and Land Cover Mapping Program. The Alaska Interim Land Cover Mapping Program was subsequently created to develop methods for producing a series of land cover maps that utilized the existing Landsat digital land cover classifications produced by and for the major land management agencies for mapping the vegetation of Alaska. The program was successful in producing digital land cover classifications and statistical summaries using a common statewide classification and in reformatting these data to produce l:250,000-scale quadrangle-based maps directly from the Scitex laser plotter. A Federal and State agency review of these products found considerable user support for the maps. Presently the Geological Survey is committed to digital processing of six to eight quadrangles each year.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89128","usgsCitation":"Fitzpatrick-Lins, K., Doughty, E., Shasby, M., and Benjamin, S., 1989, Alaska Interim Land Cover Mapping Program; final report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-128, ii, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89128.","productDescription":"ii, 10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":145804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0128/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39738,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0128/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db688f0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitzpatrick-Lins, Katherine","contributorId":75906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick-Lins","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doughty, E.F.","contributorId":74011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughty","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shasby, Mark shasbym@usgs.gov","contributorId":69158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shasby","given":"Mark","email":"shasbym@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Benjamin, Susan","contributorId":77938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benjamin","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":14149,"text":"ofr89214 - 1989 - A direct method for calculating instrument noise levels in side-by-side seismometer evaluations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-10T11:08:50","indexId":"ofr89214","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-214","title":"A direct method for calculating instrument noise levels in side-by-side seismometer evaluations","docAbstract":"The subject of determining the inherent system noise levels present in modem broadband closed loop seismic sensors has been an evolving topic ever since closed loop systems became available. Closed loop systems are unique in that the system noise can not be determined via a blocked mass test as in older conventional open loop seismic sensors. Instead, most investigators have resorted to performing measurements on two or more systems operating in close proximity to one another and to analyzing the outputs of these systems with respect to one another to ascertain their relative noise levels.
The analysis of side-by-side relative performance is inherently dependent on the accuracy of the mathematical modeling of the test configuration. This report presents a direct approach to extracting the system noise levels of two linear systems with a common coherent input signal. The mathematical solution to the problem is incredibly simple; however the practical application of the method encounters some difficulties. Examples of expected accuracies are presented as derived by simulating real systems performance using computer generated random noise. In addition, examples of the performance of the method when applied to real experimental test data are shown.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89214","usgsCitation":"Holcomb, L.G., 1989, A direct method for calculating instrument noise levels in side-by-side seismometer evaluations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-214, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89214.","productDescription":"35 p.","costCenters":[{"id":122,"text":"Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":42797,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0214/ofr89-214.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.77 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 1989-0214"},{"id":145496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0214/coverthb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4953e4b0b290850ef0df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holcomb, L. Gary","contributorId":26308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holcomb","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":18018,"text":"ofr88341 - 1989 - Summary of public water-supply withdrawals and geohydrologic data for the lower Connecticut River valley from Windsor to Vernon, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-12T20:52:37.673584","indexId":"ofr88341","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-341","title":"Summary of public water-supply withdrawals and geohydrologic data for the lower Connecticut River valley from Windsor to Vernon, Vermont","docAbstract":"Public water supply withdrawal data and geohydrologic data were collected along a 50 mile segment of the Connecticut River valley from Windsor to Vernon, Vermont. An inventory of wells indicates that domestic groundwater supplies come primarily from bedrock, whereas public water supplies are derived from discontinuous, glacial sand and gravel deposits. Self supplied industries generally use surface water supplies. Data from eight seismic-refraction surveys, and from a seismic-reflection survey along this 50-mile reach of the Connecticut River, were compared with stratigraphic information from 217 drillers ' logs. Stratified-drift deposits range from 0 to 270 ft and average about 65 ft. Stratigraphic information from drillers ' logs and seismic-reflection records show that predominantly fine-grained stratified drift fills the valley and that coarse sand and gravel deposits exist discontinuously within this area. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88341","usgsCitation":"Ayotte, J., 1989, Summary of public water-supply withdrawals and geohydrologic data for the lower Connecticut River valley from Windsor to Vernon, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-341, Report; iv, 35 p.; 1 Plate: 34.28 × 29.07 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88341.","productDescription":"Report; iv, 35 p.; 1 Plate: 34.28 × 29.07 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403561,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17414.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":47265,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0341/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":47264,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0341/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":151231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0341/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"lower Connecticut River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.594,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -72.375,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -72.375,\n 42.721\n ],\n [\n -72.594,\n 42.721\n ],\n [\n -72.594,\n 43.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698b03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayotte, Joseph","contributorId":107305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":19347,"text":"ofr89578 - 1989 - Hydrologic and chemical-quality data from four rural basins in Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-88","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-16T08:55:41","indexId":"ofr89578","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-578","title":"Hydrologic and chemical-quality data from four rural basins in Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-88","docAbstract":"An investigation was begun in 1984 in Guilford County, North Carolina, to monitor water quality and soil erosion in basins with various land-management practices. Hydrologic and chemical-quality data were collected from four rural drainage basins, including two agricultural basins (7.4 and 4.8 acres) cultivated in tobacco and small grains, a mixed rural land-use basin (665 acres) currently under standard land-management practices, and a forested control basin (44 acres) characterizing background conditions. Mean concentrations of total nitrite plus nitrate were 1.0 milligrams per liter from the agricultural basin under standard land-management practices. This was nearly 10 times greater than concentrations from the forested basin. Records of streamflow discharge, chemical quality, ground-water levels, precipitation, and farming activities collected from October 1984 through September 1988 at one or more of the basins are also presented in this report.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89578","usgsCitation":"Hill, C., 1989, Hydrologic and chemical-quality data from four rural basins in Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-88: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-578, vi, 105 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89578.","productDescription":"vi, 105 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":151808,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0578/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48826,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0578/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Guilford County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-80.0368,36.2543],[-79.8315,36.2505],[-79.686,36.2462],[-79.532,36.2416],[-79.5362,36.023],[-79.5421,35.9001],[-79.7425,35.9084],[-79.7493,35.9084],[-79.8987,35.915],[-79.9833,35.9182],[-80.0469,35.9209],[-80.043,36.0103],[-80.0368,36.2543]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Guilford\",\"state\":\"NC\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6118f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, C.L.","contributorId":102498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}