The Shoreline Management Tool is a geographic information system (GIS) based program developed to assist water- and land-resource managers in assessing the benefits and effects of changes in surface-water stage on water depth, inundated area, and water volume. Additionally, the Shoreline Management Tool can be used to identify aquatic or terrestrial habitat areas where conditions may be suitable for specific plants or animals as defined by user-specified criteria including water depth, land-surface slope, and land-surface aspect. The tool can also be used to delineate areas for use in determining a variety of hydrologic budget components such as surface-water storage, precipitation, runoff, or evapotranspiration.
The Shoreline Management Tool consists of two parts, a graphical user interface for use with Esri™ ArcMap™ GIS software to interact with the user to define scenarios and map results, and a spreadsheet in Microsoft® Excel® developed to display tables and graphs of the results. The graphical user interface allows the user to define a scenario consisting of an inundation level (stage), land areas (parcels), and habitats (areas meeting user-specified conditions) based on water depth, slope, and aspect criteria. The tool uses data consisting of land-surface elevation, tables of stage/volume and stage/area, and delineated parcel boundaries to produce maps (data layers) of inundated areas and areas that meet the habitat criteria. The tool can be run in a Single-Time Scenario mode or in a Time-Series Scenario mode, which uses an input file of dates and associated stages. The spreadsheet part of the tool uses a macro to process the results from the graphical user interface to create tables and graphs of inundated water volume, inundated area, dry area, and mean water depth for each land parcel based on the user-specified stage. The macro also creates tables and graphs of the area, perimeter, and number of polygons comprising the user-specified habitat areas within each parcel.
The Shoreline Management Tool is highly transferable, using easily generated or readily available data. The capabilities of the tool are demonstrated using data from the lower Wood River Valley adjacent to Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes in southern Oregon.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121247","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Snyder, D.T., Haluska, T.L., and Respini-Irwin, D., 2013, The Shoreline Management Tool—An ArcMap tool for analyzing water depth, inundated area, volume, and selected habitats, with an example for the lower Wood River Valley, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012–1247, 86 p. (Also available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1247/.)","productDescription":"Report: viii, 86 p.; 2 Videos: 3 minutes; Companion File","numberOfPages":"98","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121247.jpg","text":"Report"},{"id":371153,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1247/videos.zip","text":"Videos","size":"45.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":270531,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1247/ofr20121247.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.09 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2012-1247"},{"id":371154,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1247/faq.pdf","text":"Shoreline Management Tool—Frequently Asked Questions","size":"105 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":371166,"rank":5,"type":{"id":21,"text":"Referenced Work"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/dsdl/ShorelineManagementTool_OFR2012-1247_v20130410.zip","text":"Generic version","size":"39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":" - Intended for use in any area. Required input data must be prepared by the users as described in the report. Example Python scripts are provided to assist with the data preparation. Includes all ancillary files except those specific to the lower Wood River Valley example."},{"id":371167,"rank":6,"type":{"id":21,"text":"Referenced Work"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/dsdl/ShorelineManagementTool_NAVD88_OFR2012-1247_v20130410.zip","text":"Example version for the Lower Wood River Valley, Oregon - NAVD88","size":"1.9 GB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":" - Contains all required data for use in the lower Wood River Valley of southern Oregon. Ready to run. Utilizes the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) for elevation reference. Useful for training purposes or examination of input datasets and output results. Includes all ancillary files."},{"id":371168,"rank":7,"type":{"id":21,"text":"Referenced Work"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/dsdl/ShorelineManagementTool_NGVD29_OFR2012-1247_v20130410.zip","text":"Example version for the Lower Wood River Valley, Oregon - NGVD29/UKLVD","size":"2.0 GB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":" - Contains all required data for use in the lower Wood River Valley of southern Oregon. Ready to run. Utilizes the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD29) for elevation reference. Also contains data for use with the Upper Klamath Lake Vertical Datum (UKLVD). Useful for training purposes or examination of input datasets and output results. Includes all ancillary files."}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Wood River Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.61,42.0 ], [ -124.61,46.29 ], [ -116.46,46.29 ], [ -116.46,42.0 ], [ -124.61,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
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Portland, Oregon 97201
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The mission of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in natural hazards is to develop and apply hazard science to help protect the safety, security, and economic well-being of the Nation. The costs and consequences of natural hazards can be enormous, and each year more people and infrastructure are at risk. USGS scientific research—founded on detailed observations and improved understanding of the responsible physical processes—can help to understand and reduce natural hazard risks and to make and effectively communicate reliable statements about hazard characteristics, such as frequency, magnitude, extent, onset, consequences, and where possible, the time of future events.
To accomplish its broad hazard mission, the USGS maintains an expert workforce of scientists and technicians in the earth sciences, hydrology, biology, geography, social and behavioral sciences, and other fields, and engages cooperatively with numerous agencies, research institutions, and organizations in the public and private sectors, across the Nation and around the world. The scientific expertise required to accomplish the USGS mission in natural hazards includes a wide range of disciplines that this report refers to, in aggregate, as hazard science.
In October 2010, the Natural Hazards Science Strategy Planning Team (H–SSPT) was charged with developing a long-term (10-year) Science Strategy for the USGS mission in natural hazards. This report fulfills that charge, with a document hereinafter referred to as the Strategy, to provide scientific observations, analyses, and research that are critical for the Nation to become more resilient to natural hazards. Science provides the information that decisionmakers need to determine whether risk management activities are worthwhile. Moreover, as the agency with the perspective of geologic time, the USGS is uniquely positioned to extend the collective experience of society to prepare for events outside current memory. The USGS has critical statutory and nonstatutory roles regarding floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, coastal erosion, volcanic eruptions, wildfires, and magnetic storms—the hazards considered in this plan. There are numerous other hazards of societal importance that are considered either only peripherally or not at all in this Strategy because they are either in another of the USGS strategic science plans (such as drought) or not in the overall mission of the USGS (such as tornados).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1383F","usgsCitation":"Holmes, R.R., Jr., Jones, L.M., Eidenshink, J.C., Godt, J.W., Kirby, S.H., Love, J.J., Neal, C.A., Plant, N.G., Plunkett, M.L., Weaver, C.S., Wein, Anne, and Perry, S.C., 2013, U.S. Geological Survey natural hazards science strategy— Promoting the safety, security, and economic well-being of the Nation: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1383–F, 79 p.","productDescription":"x, 79 p.","numberOfPages":"96","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270896,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir1383f.gif"},{"id":270888,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1383f/Circ1383-F.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.0 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U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Hydrogeomorphic, vegetative, and biogeochemical processes interact in floodplains resulting in great complexity that provides opportunities to better understand linkages among physical and biological processes in ecosystems. Floodplains and their associated river systems are structured by four dimensional gradients of hydrogeomorphology: longitudinal, lateral, vertical, and temporal components. These four dimensions create dynamic hydrologic and geomorphologic mosaics that have a large imprint on the vegetation and nutrient biogeochemistry of floodplains. Plant physiology, population dynamics, community structure, and productivity are all very responsive to floodplain hydrogeomorphology. The strength of this relationship between vegetation and hydrogeomorphology is evident in the use of vegetation as an indicator of hydrogeomorphic processes. However, vegetation also influences hydrogeomorphology by modifying hydraulics and sediment entrainment and deposition that typically stabilize geomorphic patterns. Nitrogen and phosphorus biogeochemistry commonly influence plant productivity and community composition, although productivity is not limited by nutrient availability in all floodplains. Conversely, vegetation influences nutrient biogeochemistry through direct uptake and storage as well as production of organic matter that regulates microbial biogeochemical processes. The biogeochemistries of nitrogen and phosphorus cycling are very sensitive to spatial and temporal variation in hydrogeomorphology, in particular floodplain wetness and sedimentation. The least studied interaction is the direct effect of biogeochemistry on hydrogeomorphology, but the control of nutrient availability over organic matter decomposition and thus soil permeability and elevation is likely important. Biogeochemistry also has the more documented but indirect control of hydrogeomorphology through regulation of plant biomass. In summary, the defining characteristics of floodplain ecosystems are determined by the many interactions among physical and biological processes. Conservation and restoration of the valuable ecosystem services that floodplains provide depends on improved understanding and predictive models of interactive system controls and behavior.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecogeomorphology","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-374739-6.00338-9","usgsCitation":"Noe, G.B., 2013, Interactions among hydrogeomorphology, vegetation, and nutrient biogeochemistry in floodplain ecosystems, chap. of Ecogeomorphology, v. 12, p. 307-321, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374739-6.00338-9.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"321","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026520","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324307,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"UNITED STATES","volume":"12","edition":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576d0832e4b07657d1a3756d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noe, G. B.","contributorId":146903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70123891,"text":"70123891 - 2013 - Control on groundwater flow in a semiarid folded and faulted intermountain basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-26T09:43:38","indexId":"70123891","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-10T09:42:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Control on groundwater flow in a semiarid folded and faulted intermountain basin","docAbstract":"The major processes controlling groundwater flow in intermountain basins are poorly understood, particularly in basins underlain by folded and faulted bedrock and under regionally realistic hydrogeologic heterogeneity. To explore the role of hydrogeologic heterogeneity and poorly constrained mountain hydrologic conditions on regional groundwater flow in contracted intermountain basins, a series of 3-D numerical groundwater flow models were developed using the South Park basin, Colorado, USA as a proxy. The models were used to identify the relative importance of different recharge processes to major aquifers, to estimate typical groundwater circulation depths, and to explore hydrogeologic communication between mountain and valley hydrogeologic landscapes. Modeling results show that mountain landscapes develop topographically controlled and predominantly local-scale to intermediate-scale flow systems. Permeability heterogeneity of the fold and fault belt and decreased topographic roughness led to permeability controlled flow systems in the valley. The structural position of major aquifers in the valley fold and fault belt was found to control the relative importance of different recharge mechanisms. Alternative mountain recharge model scenarios showed that higher mountain recharge rates led to higher mountain water table elevations and increasingly prominent local flow systems, primarily resulting in increased seepage within the mountain landscape and nonlinear increases in mountain block recharge to the valley. Valley aquifers were found to be relatively insensitive to changing mountain water tables, particularly in structurally isolated aquifers inside the fold and fault belt.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013WR014451","usgsCitation":"Ball, L.B., Caine, J.S., and Ge, S., 2013, Control on groundwater flow in a semiarid folded and faulted intermountain basin: Water Resources Research, v. 50, no. 8, p. 6788-6809, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014451.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"6788","endPage":"6809","ipdsId":"IP-049504","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013wr014451","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293573,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013WR014451/pdf"},{"id":293583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293572,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014451"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"South Park Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.0108,38.7556 ], [ -106.0108,39.3886 ], [ -105.4682,39.3886 ], [ -105.4682,38.7556 ], [ -106.0108,38.7556 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"50","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541157b2e4b0fe7e184a5535","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, Lyndsay B. 0000-0002-6356-4693 lbball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":1138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","email":"lbball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ge, Shemin","contributorId":37366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"Shemin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189180,"text":"70189180 - 2013 - Modeling unsaturated zone flow and runoff processes by integrating MODFLOW-LGR and VSF, and creating the new CFL package","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T14:41:05","indexId":"70189180","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling unsaturated zone flow and runoff processes by integrating MODFLOW-LGR and VSF, and creating the new CFL package","docAbstract":"In this paper two modifications to the MODFLOW code are presented. One concerns an extension of Local Grid Refinement (LGR) to Variable Saturated Flow process (VSF) capability. This modification allows the user to solve the 3D Richards’ equation only in selected parts of the model domain. The second modification introduces a new package, named CFL (Cascading Flow), which improves the computation of overland flow when ground surface saturation is simulated using either VSF or the Unsaturated Zone Flow (UZF) package. The modeling concepts are presented and demonstrated. Programmer documentation is included in appendices.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.02.020","usgsCitation":"Borsia, I., Rossetto, R., Schifani, C., and Hill, M.C., 2013, Modeling unsaturated zone flow and runoff processes by integrating MODFLOW-LGR and VSF, and creating the new CFL package: Journal of Hydrology, v. 488, p. 33-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.02.020.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"47","ipdsId":"IP-044185","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343435,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"488","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c43e4b0d1f9f057e364","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borsia, I.","contributorId":194176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borsia","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rossetto, R.","contributorId":194177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rossetto","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schifani, C.","contributorId":194178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schifani","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70055665,"text":"sir20125267 - 2013 - Analysis of postfire hydrology, water quality, and sediment transport for selected streams in areas of the 2002 Hayman and Hinman fires, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-04T13:55:43","indexId":"sir20125267","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-04T13:42:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-5267","title":"Analysis of postfire hydrology, water quality, and sediment transport for selected streams in areas of the 2002 Hayman and Hinman fires, Colorado","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a 5-year study in 2003 that focused on postfire stream-water quality and postfire sediment load in streams within the Hayman and Hinman fire study areas. This report compares water quality of selected streams receiving runoff from unburned areas and burned areas using concentrations and loads, and trend analysis, from seasonal data (approximately April–November) collected 2003–2007 at the Hayman fire study area, and data collected from 1999–2000 (prefire) and 2003 (postfire) at the Hinman fire study area. The water-quality data collected during this study include onsite measurements of streamflow, specific conductance, and turbidity, laboratory-determined pH, and concentrations of major ions, nutrients, organic carbon, trace elements, and suspended sediment. Postfire floods and effects on water quality of streams, lakes and reservoirs, drinking-water treatment, and the comparison of measured concentrations to applicable water quality standards also are discussed.
\nExceedances of Colorado water-quality standards in streams of both the Hayman and Hinman fire study areas only occurred for concentrations of five trace elements (not all trace-element exceedances occurred in every stream). Selected samples analyzed for total recoverable arsenic (fixed), dissolved copper (acute and chronic), total recoverable iron (chronic), dissolved manganese (acute, chronic, and fixed) and total recoverable mercury (chronic) exceeded Colorado aquatic-life standards.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20125267","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Douglas County, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the cities of Aurora, Northglenn, Thornton, and Westminster, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Colorado River Water Conservation District, Colorado Springs Utilities, Denver Water, Federal Emergency Management Agency, North Front Range Water Quality Planning Association, and Routt and Medicine Bow National Forests","usgsCitation":"Stevens, M.R., 2013, Analysis of postfire hydrology, water quality, and sediment transport for selected streams in areas of the 2002 Hayman and Hinman fires, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5267, Report: ix, 93 p.; Downloads Directory: Appendixes 1-12, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20125267.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 93 p.; Downloads Directory: Appendixes 1-12","numberOfPages":"106","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-017674","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280604,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5267/"},{"id":280605,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5267/pdf/sir2012-5267.pdf"},{"id":280606,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2012/5267/downloads/"},{"id":280607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20125267.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Fourmile Creek;Lost Dog Creek;Pine Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.99,38.95 ], [ -107.99,41.0 ], [ -104.22,41.0 ], [ -104.22,38.95 ], [ -107.99,38.95 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c92d5fe4b03cb62a1b077c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Michael R. 0000-0002-9476-6335 mrsteven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6335","contributorId":769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Michael","email":"mrsteven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70049005,"text":"sim3278 - 2013 - Flood-inundation maps for a 6.5-mile reach of the Kentucky River at Frankfort, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-03T10:44:30","indexId":"sim3278","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-03T10:27:48","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3278","title":"Flood-inundation maps for a 6.5-mile reach of the Kentucky River at Frankfort, Kentucky","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.5-mile reach of Kentucky River at Frankfort, Kentucky, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Frankfort Office of Emergency Management. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage Kentucky River at Lock 4 at Frankfort, Kentucky (station no. 03287500). Current conditions for the USGS streamgage may be obtained online at the USGS National Water Information System site (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/inventory?agency_code=USGS&site_no=03287500). In addition, the information has been provided to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into their Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system (http:/water.weather.gov/ahps/). The NWS forecasts flood hydrographs at many places that are often colocated at USGS streamgages. The forecasted peak-stage information, also available on the Internet, may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation. In this study, flood profiles were computed for the Kentucky River reach by using HEC–RAS, a one-dimensional step-backwater model developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using the most current (2013) stage-discharge relation for the Kentucky River at Lock 4 at Frankfort, Kentucky, in combination with streamgage and high-water-mark measurements collected for a flood event in May 2010. The calibrated model was then used to calculate 26 water-surface profiles for a sequence of flood stages, at 1-foot intervals, referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from a stage near bankfull to the elevation that breached the levees protecting the City of Frankfort. To delineate the flooded area at each interval flood stage, the simulated water-surface profiles were combined with a digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area by using geographic information system software. The DEM consisted of bare-earth elevations within the study area and was derived from a Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) dataset having a 5.0-foot horizontal resolution and an accuracy of 0.229 foot. The availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stages from USGS streamgages and forecasted stages from the NWS, provides emergency management personnel and local residents with critical information for flood response activities such as evacuations, road closures, and postflood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3278","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with City of Frankfort, Kentucky, Office of Emergency Management","usgsCitation":"Lant, J.G., 2013, Flood-inundation maps for a 6.5-mile reach of the Kentucky River at Frankfort, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3278, Report: vi, 10 p.; Low Resolution and High Resolution Map Sheets; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3278.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 10 p.; Low Resolution and High Resolution Map Sheets; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045182","costCenters":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280591,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3278/"},{"id":280592,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3278/pdf/sim3278.pdf"},{"id":280593,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3278/PDF-mapSheets/"},{"id":280594,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3278/downloads/"},{"id":280595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3278.jpg"}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","city":"Fankfort","otherGeospatial":"Kentucky River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.916,38.15 ], [ -84.916,38.233 ], [ -84.816,38.233 ], [ -84.816,38.15 ], [ -84.916,38.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c7dbe1e4b0a753c7d3e375","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lant, Jeremiah G. 0000-0001-6688-4820 jlant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6688-4820","contributorId":4912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lant","given":"Jeremiah","email":"jlant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70056151,"text":"sir20135214 - 2013 - An update of hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected constituents in water, eastern Snake River Plain aquifer and perched groundwater zones, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis 2009–11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-02T13:21:37","indexId":"sir20135214","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-02T12:49:29","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5214","title":"An update of hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected constituents in water, eastern Snake River Plain aquifer and perched groundwater zones, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis 2009–11","docAbstract":"Since 1952, wastewater discharged to infiltration ponds (also called percolation ponds) and disposal wells at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has affected water quality in the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer and perched groundwater zones underlying the INL. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, maintains groundwater monitoring networks at the INL to determine hydrologic trends, and to delineate the movement of radiochemical and chemical wastes in the aquifer and in perched groundwater zones. This report presents an analysis of water-level and water-quality data collected from aquifer, multilevel monitoring system (MLMS), and perched groundwater wells in the USGS groundwater monitoring networks during 2009–11. Water in the ESRP aquifer primarily moves through fractures and interflow zones in basalt, generally flows southwestward, and eventually discharges at springs along the Snake River. The aquifer primarily is recharged from infiltration of irrigation water, infiltration of streamflow, groundwater inflow from adjoining mountain drainage basins, and infiltration of precipitation. From March–May 2009 to March–May 2011, water levels in wells generally declined in the northern part of the INL. Water levels generally rose in the central and eastern parts of the INL. Detectable concentrations of radiochemical constituents in water samples from aquifer wells or MLMS equipped wells in the ESRP aquifer at the INL generally decreased or remained constant during 2009–11. Decreases in concentrations were attributed to radioactive decay, changes in waste-disposal methods, and dilution from recharge and underflow. In 2011, concentrations of tritium in groundwater from 50 of 127 aquifer wells were greater than or equal to the reporting level and ranged from 200±60 to 7,000±260 picocuries per liter. Tritium concentrations from one or more discrete zones from four wells equipped with MLMS were greater than or equal to reporting levels in water samples collected at various depths. Tritium concentrations in water from wells completed in shallow perched groundwater at the Advanced Test Reactor Complex (ATR Complex) were less than the reporting levels. Tritium concentrations in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex equaled or exceeded the reporting level in 12 wells during at least one sampling event during 2009–11 at the ATR Complex. Concentrations of strontium-90 in water from 20 of 76 aquifer wells sampled during April or October 2011 exceeded the reporting level. Strontium-90 was not detected within the ESRP aquifer beneath the ATR Complex. During at least one sampling event during 2009–11, concentrations of strontium-90 in water from 10 wells completed in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex equaled or exceeded the reporting levels. During 2009–11, concentrations of plutonium-238, and plutonium-239, -240 (undivided), and americium-241 were less than the reporting level in water samples from all aquifer wells and in all wells equipped with MLMS. Concentrations of cesium-137 were equal to or slightly above the reporting level in 8 aquifer wells and from 2 wells equipped with MLMS. The concentration of chromium in water from one well south of the ATR Complex was 97 micrograms per liter (μg/L) in April 2011, just less than the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 100 μg/L. Concentrations of chromium in water samples from 69 other wells sampled ranged from 0.8 μg/L to 25 μg/L. During 2009–11, dissolved chromium was detected in water from 15 wells completed in perched groundwater at the ATR Complex. In 2011, concentrations of sodium in water from most wells in the southern part of the INL were greater than the background concentration of 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L); the highest concentrations were at or near the Idaho Nuclear Engineering and Technology Center (INTEC). After the newpercolation ponds were put into service in 2002 southwest of the INTEC, concentrations of sodium in water samples from the Rifle Range well rose steadily until 2008, when the concentrations generally began decreasing. The increases and decreases were attributed to disposal variability in the new percolation ponds. Concentrations of sodium in most wells equipped with MLMS generally were consistent with depth. During 2011, dissolved sodium concentrations in water from 17 wells completed in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex ranged from 6 to 146 mg/L. In 2011, concentrations of chloride in most water samples from aquifer wells south of the INTEC and at the Central Facilities Area exceeded the background concentrations of 15 mg/L, but were less than the secondary MCL of 250 mg/L. Chloride concentrations in water from wells south of the INTEC have generally increased because of increased chloride disposal to the old percolation ponds since 1984 when discharge of wastewater to the INTEC disposal well was discontinued. After the new percolation ponds were put into service in 2002 southwest of the INTEC, concentrations of chloride in water samples from one well rose steadily until 2008 then began decreasing. Chloride concentrations in water from all but one well completed in the ESRP aquifer at or near the ATR Complex were less than background and ranged between 10 and 14 mg/L during 2011, similar to concentrations detected during the 2006–08 reporting period. During 2011, chloride concentrations in water from two aquifer wells at the Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) were slightly greater than concentrations detected during the 2006–08 reporting period. The vertical distribution of chloride concentrations in wells equipped with MLMS were generally consistent within zones during 2009–11 and ranged from about 8 to 20 mg/L. During April 2011, dissolved chloride concentrations in shallow perched groundwater at the ATR Complex ranged from 7 to 13 mg/L in water from three wells. Dissolved chloride concentrations in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex during 2011 ranged from 4 to 54 mg/L. In 2011, sulfate concentrations in water samples from 11 aquifer wells in the south-central part of the INL equaled or exceeded the background concentration of sulfate and ranged from 40 to 167 mg/L. The greater-than-background concentrations in water from these wells probably resulted from sulfate disposal at the ATR Complex infiltration ponds or the old INTEC percolation ponds. In 2011, sulfate concentrations in water samples from two wells near the RWMC were greater than background levels and could have resulted from well construction techniques and (or) waste disposal at the RWMC. The vertical distribution of sulfate concentrations in three wells near the southern boundary of the INL was generally consistent with depth, and ranged between 19 and 25 mg/L. The maximum dissolved sulfate concentration in shallow perched groundwater near the ATR Complex was 400 mg/L in well CWP 1 in April 2011. During 2009–11, the maximum concentration of dissolved sulfate in deep perched groundwater at the ATR Complex was 1,550 mg/L in a well located west of the chemical-waste pond. In 2011, concentrations of nitrate in water from most wells at and near the INTEC exceeded the regional background concentrations of 1 mg/L and ranged from 1.6 to 5.95 mg/L. Concentrations of nitrate in wells south of INTEC and farther away from the influence of disposal areas and the Big Lost River show a general decrease in nitrate concentrations through time. During 2009–11, water samples from 30 wells were collected and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Six VOCs were detected. At least one and up to five VOCs were detected in water samples from 10 wells. The primary VOCs detected include carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethylene. In 2011, concentrations for all VOCs were less than their respective MCL for drinking water, except carbon tetrachloride in water from two wells. During 2009–11, variability and bias were evaluated from 56 replicate and 16 blank quality-assurance samples. Results from replicate analyses were investigated to evaluate sample variability. Constituents with acceptable reproducibility were stable isotope ratios, major ions, nutrients, and VOCs. All radiochemical constituents and trace metals had acceptable reproducibility except for gross beta-particle radioactivity, aluminum, antimony, and cobalt. Bias from sample contamination was evaluated from equipment, field, container, and source-solution blanks. No detectable constituent concentrations were reported for equipment blanks of the thief samplers and sampling pipes or for the source-solution and field blanks. Equipment blanks of bailers had detectable concentrations of strontium-90, sodium, chloride, and sulfate, and the container blank had a detectable concentration of dichloromethane.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135214","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Davis, L.C., Bartholomay, R.C., and Rattray, G.W., 2013, An update of hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected constituents in water, eastern Snake River Plain aquifer and perched groundwater zones, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis 2009–11: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5214, x, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135214.","productDescription":"x, 89 p.","numberOfPages":"206","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045208","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280580,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5214/pdf/sir20135214.pdf"},{"id":280574,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5214/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 12","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.75,43.25 ], [ -113.75,44.5 ], [ -112.25,44.5 ], [ -112.25,43.25 ], [ -113.75,43.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52c68a5ee4b06d2ed1226481","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Linda C. lcdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":2539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Linda","email":"lcdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rattray, Gordon W. 0000-0002-1690-3218 grattray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-3218","contributorId":2521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattray","given":"Gordon","email":"grattray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70111070,"text":"70111070 - 2013 - Geohydrologic and water-quality characterization of a fractured-bedrock test hole in an area of Marcellus shale gas development, Bradford County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T14:59:58","indexId":"70111070","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T14:23:24","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":129,"text":"Pennsylvania Geological Survey Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"OFMI 13-01.1","title":"Geohydrologic and water-quality characterization of a fractured-bedrock test hole in an area of Marcellus shale gas development, Bradford County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Open-File Miscellaneous Investigation 13–01.1 presents the results of geohydrologic investigations on a 1,664-foot-deep core hole drilled in the Bradford County part of the Gleason 7.5-minute quadrangle in north-central Pennsylvania. In the text, the authors discuss their methods of investigation, summarize physical and analytical results, and place those results in context. Four appendices include (1) a full description of the core in an Excel worksheet; (2) water-quality and core-isotope analytical results in Excel workbooks; (3) geophysical logs in LAS and PDF files, and an Excel workbook containing attitudes of bedding and fractures calculated from televiewer logs; and (4) MP4 clips from the downhole video at selected horizons.","language":"English","publisher":"Pennsylvania Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Harrisburg, PA","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Risser, D.W., Williams, J., Hand, K.L., Behr, R., and Markowski, A.K., 2013, Geohydrologic and water-quality characterization of a fractured-bedrock test hole in an area of Marcellus shale gas development, Bradford County, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Survey Open-File Report OFMI 13-01.1, Report: 49 p.; Appendixes 1-4.","productDescription":"Report: 49 p.; Appendixes 1-4","numberOfPages":"49","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044325","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287959,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/publications/pgspub/openfile/Geology-OFMI13-01.1/index.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Bradford County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.150116,41.59927 ], [ -77.150116,41.799983 ], [ -76.816664,41.799983 ], [ -76.816664,41.59927 ], [ -77.150116,41.59927 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53903fede4b04eea98bf8510","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risser, Dennis W. 0000-0001-9597-5406 dwrisser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9597-5406","contributorId":898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risser","given":"Dennis","email":"dwrisser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, John H. 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hand, Kristen L.","contributorId":83030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hand","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Behr, Rose-Anna","contributorId":40520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behr","given":"Rose-Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Markowski, Antonette K.","contributorId":90220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markowski","given":"Antonette","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70038467,"text":"70038467 - 2013 - Insights and issues with simulating terrestrial DOC loading of Arctic river networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T13:19:15","indexId":"70038467","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T14:02:49","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insights and issues with simulating terrestrial DOC loading of Arctic river networks","docAbstract":"Terrestrial carbon dynamics influence the contribution of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to river networks in addition to hydrology. In this study, we use a biogeochemical process model to simulate the lateral transfer of DOC from land to the Arctic Ocean via riverine transport. We estimate that, over the 20th century, the pan-Arctic watershed has contributed, on average, 32 Tg C/yr of DOC to river networks emptying into the Arctic Ocean with most of the DOC coming from the extensive area of boreal deciduous needle-leaved forests and forested wetlands in Eurasian watersheds. We also estimate that the rate of terrestrial DOC loading has been increasing by 0.037 Tg C/yr2 over the 20th century primarily as a result of climate-induced increases in water yield. These increases have been offset by decreases in terrestrial DOC loading caused by wildfires. Other environmental factors (CO2 fertilization, ozone pollution, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, timber harvest, agriculture) are estimated to have relatively small effects on terrestrial DOC loading to Arctic rivers. The effects of the various environmental factors on terrestrial carbon dynamics have both offset and enhanced concurrent effects on hydrology to influence terrestrial DOC loading and may be changing the relative importance of terrestrial carbon dynamics on this carbon flux. Improvements in simulating terrestrial DOC loading to pan-Arctic rivers in the future will require better information on the production and consumption of DOC within the soil profile, the transfer of DOC from land to headwater streams, the spatial distribution of precipitation and its temporal trends, carbon dynamics of larch-dominated ecosystems in eastern Siberia, and the role of industrial organic effluents on carbon budgets of rivers in western Russia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/11-1050.1","usgsCitation":"Kicklighter, D.W., Hayes, D.J., McClelland, J.W., Peterson, B.J., McGuire, A., and Melillo, J.M., 2013, Insights and issues with simulating terrestrial DOC loading of Arctic river networks: Ecological Applications, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1817-1836, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1050.1.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1817","endPage":"1836","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032239","costCenters":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/6466","text":"External Repository"},{"id":282846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282845,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.lter.uaf.edu/pdf/1632_Kicklighter_Hayes_2013.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic","volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd62a5e4b0b290850fe513","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kicklighter, David W.","contributorId":48872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Daniel J.","contributorId":100237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McClelland, James W.","contributorId":94905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClelland","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, Bruce J.","contributorId":62453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. David","contributorId":18494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Melillo, Jerry M.","contributorId":87847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70154903,"text":"70154903 - 2013 - A computer model to forecast wetland vegetation changes resulting from restoration and protection in coastal Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-14T11:26:54","indexId":"70154903","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A computer model to forecast wetland vegetation changes resulting from restoration and protection in coastal Louisiana","docAbstract":"The coastal wetlands of Louisiana are a unique ecosystem that supports a diversity of wildlife as well as a diverse community of commercial interests of both local and national importance. The state of Louisiana has established a 5-year cycle of scientific investigation to provide up-to-date information to guide future legislation and regulation aimed at preserving this critical ecosystem. Here we report on a model that projects changes in plant community distribution and composition in response to environmental conditions. This model is linked to a suite of other models and requires input from those that simulate the hydrology and morphology of coastal Louisiana. Collectively, these models are used to assess how alternative management plans may affect the wetland ecosystem through explicit spatial modeling of the physical and biological processes affected by proposed modifications to the ecosystem. We have also taken the opportunity to advance the state-of-the-art in wetland plant community modeling by using a model that is more species-based in its description of plant communities instead of one based on aggregated community types such as brackish marsh and saline marsh. The resulting model provides an increased level of ecological detail about how wetland communities are expected to respond. In addition, the output from this model provides critical inputs for estimating the effects of management on higher trophic level species though a more complete description of the shifts in habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation, BioOne","doi":"10.2112/SI_67_4","usgsCitation":"Visser, J.M., Duke-Sylvester, S., Carter, J., and Broussard, W.P., 2013, A computer model to forecast wetland vegetation changes resulting from restoration and protection in coastal Louisiana: Journal of Coastal Research, no. 67, p. 51-59, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI_67_4.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042146","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305704,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305597,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/SI_67_4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.878173828125,\n 29.008140362978157\n ],\n [\n -93.878173828125,\n 30.183121842195515\n ],\n [\n -88.934326171875,\n 30.183121842195515\n ],\n [\n -88.934326171875,\n 29.008140362978157\n ],\n [\n -93.878173828125,\n 29.008140362978157\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"67","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a632a9e4b0183d66e45cc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Visser, Jenneke M.","contributorId":90397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Visser","given":"Jenneke","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duke-Sylvester, Scott M.","contributorId":40661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duke-Sylvester","given":"Scott M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Jacoby 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":2399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Jacoby","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Broussard, Whitney P. 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Whilst a growing number of studies have examined how river floods are influenced by climate change, the role of natural modes of interannual climate variability remains poorly understood. We present the first global assessment of the influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on annual river floods, defined here as the peak daily discharge in a given year. The analysis was carried out by simulating daily gridded discharges using the WaterGAP model (Water – a Global Assessment and Prognosis), and examining statistical relationships between these discharges and ENSO indices. We found that, over the period 1958–2000, ENSO exerted a significant influence on annual floods in river basins covering over a third of the world's land surface, and that its influence on annual floods has been much greater than its influence on average flows. We show that there are more areas in which annual floods intensify with La Niña and decline with El Niño than vice versa. However, we also found that in many regions the strength of the relationships between ENSO and annual floods have been non-stationary, with either strengthening or weakening trends during the study period. We discuss the implications of these findings for science and management. Given the strong relationships between ENSO and annual floods, we suggest that more research is needed to assess relationships between ENSO and flood impacts (e.g. loss of lives or economic damage). Moreover, we suggest that in those regions where useful relationships exist, this information could be combined with ongoing advances in ENSO prediction research, in order to provide year-to-year probabilistic flood risk forecasts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"European Geophysical Society","publisherLocation":"Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany","doi":"10.5194/hess-18-47-2014","usgsCitation":"Ward, P.J., Eisner, S., Florke, M., Dettinger, M., and Kummu, M., 2013, Annual flood sensitivities to El Niño-Southern Oscillation at the global scale: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 18, p. 47-66, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-47-2014.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-052126","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-47-2014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":295520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295480,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-47-2014"},{"id":295481,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/18/47/2014/hess-18-47-2014.html"}],"volume":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544775a3e4b0f888a81b82f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, Philip J.","contributorId":67434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eisner, S.","contributorId":48892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisner","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Florke, M.","contributorId":29335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Florke","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":8019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kummu, M.","contributorId":39711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kummu","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70157088,"text":"70157088 - 2013 - Hysteresis of unsaturated hydromechanical properties of a silty soil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T15:55:01","indexId":"70157088","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2327,"text":"Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hysteresis of unsaturated hydromechanical properties of a silty soil","docAbstract":"Laboratory tests to examine hysteresis in the hydrologic and mechanical properties of partially saturated soils were conducted on six intact specimens collected from a landslide-prone area of Alameda County, California. The results reveal that the pore-size distribution parameter remains statistically unchanged between the wetting and drying paths; however, the wetting or drying state has a pronounced influence on the water-entry pressure, the water-filled porosity at zero suction, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The suction stress values obtained from the shear-strength tests under both natural moisture and resaturated conditions were mostly bounded by the suction stress characteristic curves (SSCCs) obtained from the hydrologic tests. This finding experimentally confirms that the soil-water retention curve, hydraulic conductivity function, and SSCC are intrinsically related.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000786","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with Colorado School of Mines","usgsCitation":"Lu, N., Kaya, M., Collins, B.D., and Godt, J.W., 2013, Hysteresis of unsaturated hydromechanical properties of a silty soil: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, v. 139, no. 3, p. 507-510, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000786.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"507","endPage":"510","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-027412","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"139","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f006aae4b0dacf699e9ff7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Ning","contributorId":191360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Ning","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12620,"text":"U.S. Army Corp. of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaya, Murat","contributorId":103576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaya","given":"Murat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, Brian D. bcollins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173622,"text":"70173622 - 2013 - Shifts in controls on the temporal coherence of throughfall chemical flux in Acadia National Park, Maine, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:23:31","indexId":"70173622","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifts in controls on the temporal coherence of throughfall chemical flux in Acadia National Park, Maine, USA","docAbstract":"Major ion and mercury (Hg) inputs to terrestrial ecosystems include both wet and dry deposition (total deposition). Estimating total deposition to sensitive receptor sites is hampered by limited information regarding its spatial heterogeneity and seasonality. We used measurements of throughfall flux, which includes atmospheric inputs to forests and the net effects of canopy leaching or uptake, for ten major ions and Hg collected during 35 time periods in 1999–2005 at over 70 sites within Acadia National Park, Maine to (1) quantify coherence in temporal dynamics of seasonal throughfall deposition and (2) examine controls on these patterns at multiple scales. We quantified temporal coherence as the correlation between all possible site pairs for each solute on a seasonal basis. In the summer growing season and autumn, coherence among pairs of sites with similar vegetation was stronger than for site-pairs that differed in vegetation suggesting that interaction with the canopy and leaching of solutes differed in coniferous, deciduous, mixed, and shrub or open canopy sites. The spatial pattern in throughfall hydrologic inputs across Acadia National Park was more variable during the winter snow season, suggesting that snow re-distribution affects net hydrologic input, which consequently affects chemical flux. Sea-salt corrected calcium concentrations identified a shift in air mass sources from maritime in winter to the continental industrial corridor in summer. Our results suggest that the spatial pattern of throughfall hydrologic flux, dominant seasonal air mass source, and relationship with vegetation in winter differ from the spatial pattern of throughfall flux in these solutes in summer and autumn. The coherence approach applied here made clear the strong influence of spatial heterogeneity in throughfall hydrologic inputs and a maritime air mass source on winter patterns of throughfall flux. By contrast, vegetation type was the most important influence on throughfall chemical flux in summer and autumn.
","language":"English","publisher":"Spinger","doi":"10.1007/s10533-013-9884-7","usgsCitation":"Nelson, S.J., Webster, K.E., Loftin, C., and Weathers, K.C., 2013, Shifts in controls on the temporal coherence of throughfall chemical flux in Acadia National Park, Maine, USA: Biogeochemistry, v. 116, no. 1, p. 147-160, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-013-9884-7.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"160","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042115","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Acadia National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.46473693847656,\n 44.215186337858235\n ],\n [\n -68.46473693847656,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -68.17085266113281,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -68.17085266113281,\n 44.215186337858235\n ],\n [\n -68.46473693847656,\n 44.215186337858235\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"116","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9336e4b04f417c275181","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Sarah J.","contributorId":167269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webster, Katherine E.","contributorId":147903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loftin, Cynthia S. 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":2167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cynthia S.","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":637411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weathers, Kathleen C.","contributorId":58731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weathers","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193778,"text":"70193778 - 2013 - Distance, dams and drift: What structures populations of an endangered, benthic stream fish?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-09T12:55:17","indexId":"70193778","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distance, dams and drift: What structures populations of an endangered, benthic stream fish?","docAbstract":"Spatial population structure plays an important role in species persistence, evolution and conservation. Benthic stream fishes are diverse and frequently imperilled, yet the determinants and spatial scaling of their population structure are understudied. We investigated the range-wide population genetic structure of Roanoke logperch (Percina rex), an endangered, benthic stream fish of the eastern United States. Fish were sampled from 35 sites and analysed at 11 microsatellite DNA loci. Clustering models were used to sort individuals into genetically cohesive groups and thereby estimate the spatial scaling of population structure. We then used Bayesian generalized linear mixed models (BGLMMs) to test alternative hypotheses about the environmental factors most responsible for generating structure, as measured by the differentiation statistic FST. Clustering models delineated seven discrete populations, whose boundaries coincided with agents of fragmentation, including hydroelectric dams and tailwaters. In the absence of hydrological barriers, gene flow was extensive throughout catchments, whereas there was no evidence for contemporary dispersal between catchments across barriers. In the best-supported BGLMM, FST was positively related to the spatial distance and degree of hydrological alteration between sites and negatively related to genetic diversity within sites. Whereas the effect of tailwaters was equivocal, dams strongly influenced differentiation: the effect of a dam on FST was comparable to that of a between-site distance of over 1200 km of unimpounded river. Overall, the effect of distance-mediated dispersal was negligible compared to the combined effects of fragmentation and genetic drift. The contemporary population structure of P. rex comprises a few geographically extensive ‘islands’ that are fragmented by hydroelectric projects. This information clarifies the importance of a catchment-scale perspective on conserving the species and suggests that its recovery may require genetic and/or demographic reconnection of presently isolated populations.
Long-term field studies of the effectiveness and sustainability of decentralized stormwater management are rare. From 2005-2011, we tested an incentive-based approach to citizen participation in stormwater management in the Shepherd Creek catchment, located in Cincinnati, OH, USA. Hydrologic, biological, and water quality data were characterized in a baseline monitoring effort 2005- 2007. Reverse auctions held successively in 2007 and 2008 engaged citizens to voluntarily bid on stormwater control measures (SCMs); and successful bids led to implementation of SCMs, which led to an enhancement of catchment detention capacity. We tested for attributes of sustainability (coconsideration of social, economic, and environmental (hydrologic, soils, aquatic biology) aspects), and summarize lessons-learned. Our results and outcomes provide a basis for planning future field studies that more fully determine the effectiveness of stormwater management in terms of sustainability.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Novatech 2013: international conference on strategies and solutions for integrated and sustainable water management in the city Lyon, France","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Novatech 2013: international conference on strategies and solutions for integrated and sustainable water management in the city Lyon, France","conferenceDate":"June 23-27, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Lyon, France","language":"English","publisher":"Graie","publisherLocation":"Lyon, France","usgsCitation":"Schuster, W., Garmestani, A., Green, O., Rhea, L., Roy, A.H., and Thurston, H., 2013, Catchment-scale stormwater management via economic incentives – An overview and lessons-learned, in Novatech 2013: international conference on strategies and solutions for integrated and sustainable water management in the city Lyon, France, Lyon, France, June 23-27, 2013, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-042657","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350060,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://documents.irevues.inist.fr/handle/2042/51229"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","county":"Hamilton","city":"Cincinnati","otherGeospatial":"Shepherd Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.60030555725096,\n 39.158750456624475\n ],\n [\n -84.5430564880371,\n 39.158750456624475\n ],\n [\n -84.5430564880371,\n 39.197340639237694\n ],\n [\n -84.60030555725096,\n 39.197340639237694\n ],\n [\n -84.60030555725096,\n 39.158750456624475\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61029be4b06e28e9c2546e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Myers, Baden Robert","contributorId":201397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers","given":"Baden","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725201,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beecham, Simon","contributorId":95397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beecham","given":"Simon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725202,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lucke, Terry","contributorId":201398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucke","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725203,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boogaard, Floris","contributorId":201399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boogaard","given":"Floris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725204,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Schuster, W.","contributorId":59656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garmestani, A.S.","contributorId":86882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garmestani","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, O.O.","contributorId":201408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"O.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rhea, l.K.","contributorId":201409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhea","given":"l.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thurston, H.W.","contributorId":201410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thurston","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70058836,"text":"70058836 - 2013 - Characterizing response of total suspended solids and total phosphorus loading to weather and watershed characteristics for rainfall and snowmelt events in agricultural watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-17T09:32:07","indexId":"70058836","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-17T09:20:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing response of total suspended solids and total phosphorus loading to weather and watershed characteristics for rainfall and snowmelt events in agricultural watersheds","docAbstract":"Understanding the response of total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus (TP) to influential weather and watershed variables is critical in the development of sediment and nutrient reduction plans. In this study, rainfall and snowmelt event loadings of TSS and TP were analyzed for eight agricultural watersheds in Wisconsin, with areas ranging from 14 to 110 km2 and having four to twelve years of data available. The data showed that a small number of rainfall and snowmelt runoff events accounted for the majority of total event loading. The largest 10% of the loading events for each watershed accounted for 73–97% of the total TSS load and 64–88% of the total TP load. More than half of the total annual TSS load was transported during a single event for each watershed at least one of the monitored years. Rainfall and snowmelt events were both influential contributors of TSS and TP loading. TSS loading contributions were greater from rainfall events at five watersheds, from snowmelt events at two watersheds, and nearly equal at one watershed. The TP loading contributions were greater from rainfall events at three watersheds, from snowmelt events at two watersheds and nearly equal at three watersheds. Stepwise multivariate regression models for TSS and TP event loadings were developed separately for rainfall and snowmelt runoff events for each individual watershed and for all watersheds combined by using a suite of precipitation, melt, temperature, seasonality, and watershed characteristics as predictors. All individual models and the combined model for rainfall events resulted in two common predictors as most influential for TSS and TP. These included rainfall depth and the antecedent baseflow. Using these two predictors alone resulted in an R2 greater than 0.7 in all but three individual models and 0.61 or greater for all individual models. The combined model yielded an R2 of 0.66 for TSS and 0.59 for TP. Neither the individual nor the combined models were substantially improved by using additional predictors. Snowmelt event models were statistically significant for individual and combined watershed models, but the model fits were not all as good as those for rainfall events (R2 between 0.19 and 0.87). Predictor selection varied from watershed to watershed, and the common variables that were selected were not always selected in the same order. Influential variables were commonly direct measures of moisture in the watershed such as snowmelt, rainfall + snowmelt, and antecedent baseflow, or measures of potential snowmelt volume in the watershed such as air temperature.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.038","usgsCitation":"Danz, M., Corsi, S., Brooks, W.R., and Bannerman, R.T., 2013, Characterizing response of total suspended solids and total phosphorus loading to weather and watershed characteristics for rainfall and snowmelt events in agricultural watersheds: Journal of Hydrology, v. 507, p. 249-261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.038.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"261","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-045989","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280353,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280312,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.038"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.8894,42.4919 ], [ -92.8894,47.0807 ], [ -86.764,47.0807 ], [ -86.764,42.4919 ], [ -92.8894,42.4919 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"507","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52b172bae4b0d9b3252245c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danz, Mari E. medanz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danz","given":"Mari E.","email":"medanz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corsi, Steven","contributorId":106002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, Wesley R. wrbrooks@usgs.gov","contributorId":4217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Wesley","email":"wrbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bannerman, Roger T. 0000-0001-9221-2905 rbannerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9221-2905","contributorId":5560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannerman","given":"Roger","email":"rbannerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70058768,"text":"70058768 - 2013 - Assessing grain-size correspondence between flow and deposits of controlled floods in the Colorado River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-17T09:18:34","indexId":"70058768","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-17T09:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing grain-size correspondence between flow and deposits of controlled floods in the Colorado River, USA","docAbstract":"Flood-deposited sediment has been used to decipher environmental parameters such as variability in watershed sediment supply, paleoflood hydrology, and channel morphology. It is not well known, however, how accurately the deposits reflect sedimentary processes within the flow, and hence what sampling intensity is needed to decipher records of recent or long-past conditions. We examine these problems using deposits from dam-regulated floods in the Colorado River corridor through Marble Canyon–Grand Canyon, Arizona, U.S.A., in which steady-peaked floods represent a simple end-member case. For these simple floods, most deposits show inverse grading that reflects coarsening suspended sediment (a result of fine-sediment-supply limitation), but there is enough eddy-scale variability that some profiles show normal grading that did not reflect grain-size evolution in the flow as a whole. To infer systemwide grain-size evolution in modern or ancient depositional systems requires sampling enough deposit profiles that the standard error of the mean of grain-size-change measurements becomes small relative to the magnitude of observed changes. For simple, steady-peaked floods, 5–10 profiles or fewer may suffice to characterize grain-size trends robustly, but many more samples may be needed from deposits with greater variability in their grain-size evolution.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2013.79","usgsCitation":"Draut, A., and Rubin, D.M., 2013, Assessing grain-size correspondence between flow and deposits of controlled floods in the Colorado River, USA: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 83, no. 11, p. 962-973, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2013.79.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"962","endPage":"973","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-051517","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280352,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280351,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2013.79"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.82,32.49 ], [ -114.82,40.43 ], [ -105.82,40.43 ], [ -105.82,32.49 ], [ -114.82,32.49 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"83","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52b172b8e4b0d9b3252245bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Draut, Amy","contributorId":18792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draut","given":"Amy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, David M. 0000-0003-1169-1452 drubin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-1452","contributorId":3159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"David","email":"drubin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70049017,"text":"sir20135181 - 2013 - Hydrology and water quality of Shell Lake, Washburn County, Wisconsin, with special emphasis on the effects of diversion and changes in water level on the water quality of a shallow terminal lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:17:35","indexId":"sir20135181","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-16T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5181","title":"Hydrology and water quality of Shell Lake, Washburn County, Wisconsin, with special emphasis on the effects of diversion and changes in water level on the water quality of a shallow terminal lake","docAbstract":"Shell Lake is a relatively shallow terminal lake (tributaries but no outlets) in northwestern Wisconsin that has experienced approximately 10 feet (ft) of water-level fluctuation over more than 70 years of record and extensive flooding of nearshore areas starting in the early 2000s. The City of Shell Lake (City) received a permit from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources in 2002 to divert water from the lake to a nearby river in order to lower water levels and reduce flooding. Previous studies suggested that water-level fluctuations were driven by long-term cycles in precipitation, evaporation, and runoff, although questions about the lake’s connection with the groundwater system remained. The permit required that the City evaluate assumptions about lake/groundwater interactions made in previous studies and evaluate the effects of the water diversion on water levels in Shell Lake and other nearby lakes. Therefore, a cooperative study between the City and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was initiated to improve the understanding of the hydrogeology of the area and evaluate potential effects of the diversion on water levels in Shell Lake, the surrounding groundwater system, and nearby lakes. Concerns over deteriorating water quality in the lake, possibly associated with changes in water level, prompted an additional cooperative project between the City and the USGS to evaluate efeffects of changes in nutrient loading associated with changes in water levels on the water quality of Shell Lake. Numerical models were used to evaluate how the hydrology and water quality responded to diversion of water from the lake and historical changes in the watershed. The groundwater-flow model MODFLOW was used to simulate groundwater movement in the area around Shell Lake, including groundwater/surface-water interactions. Simulated results from the MODFLOW model indicate that groundwater flows generally northward in the area around Shell Lake, with flow locally converging toward the lake. Total groundwater inflow to Shell Lake is small (approximately 5 percent of the water budget) compared with water entering the lake from precipitation (83 percent) and surface-water runoff (13 percent). The MODFLOW model also was used to simulate average annual hydrologic conditions from 1949 to 2009, including effects of the removal of 3 billion gallons of water during 2003–5. The maximum decline in simulated average annual water levels for Shell Lake due to the diversion alone was 3.3 ft at the end of the diversion process in 2005. Model simulations also indicate that although water level continued to decline through 2009 in response to local weather patterns (local drought), the effects of the diversion decreased after the diversion ceased; that is, after 4 years of recovery (2006–9), drawdown attributable to the diversion alone decreased by about 0.6 ft because of increased groundwater inflow and decreased lake-water outflow to groundwater caused by the artificially lower lake level. A delayed response in drawdown of less than 0.5 ft was transmitted through the groundwater-flow system to upgradient lakes. This relatively small effect on upgradient lakes is attributed in part to extensive layers of shallow clay that limit lake/groundwater interaction in the area. Data collected in the lake indicated that Shell Lake is polymictic (characterized by frequent deep mixing) and that its productivity is limited by the amount of phosphorus in the lake. The lake was typically classified as oligotrophic-mesotrophic in June, mesotrophic in July, and mesotrophic-eutrophic in August. In polymictic lakes like Shell Lake, phosphorus released from the sediments is not trapped near the bottom of the lake but is intermittently released to the shallow water, resulting in deteriorating water quality as summer progresses. Because the productivity of Shell Lake is limited by phosphorus, the sources of phosphorus to the lake were quantified, and the response in water quality to changes in phosphorus inputs were evaluated by means of eutrophication models. During 2009, the total input of phosphorus to Shell Lake was 1,730 pounds (lb), of which 1,320 lb came from external sources (76 percent) and 414 lb came from internal loading from sediments in the lake (24 percent). The largest external source was from surface-water runoff, which delivered about 52 percent of the total phosphorus load compared with about 13 percent of the water input. The second largest source was from precipitation (wetfall and dryfall), which delivered 19 percent of the load compared to about 83 percent of the water input. Contributions from septic systems and groundwater accounted for about 3 and 2 percent, respectively. Increased runoff raises water levels in the lake but does not necessarily increase phosphorus loading because phosphorus concentrations in the tributaries decline during increased flow, possibly because of shorter retention times in upstream wetlands. Phosphorus loading to the lake in 2009 represented what occurred after a series of dry years; therefore, this information was combined with data from 2011, a wet year, to estimate phosphorus loading during a range of hydrologic conditions by estimating loading from each component of the phosphorus budget for each year from 1949 to 2011. Comparisons of historical water-quality records with historical water levels and applications of a hydrodynamic model (Dynamic Lake Model, DLM) and empirical eutrophication models were used to understand how changes in water level and the coinciding changes in phosphorus loading affect the water quality of Shell Lake. DLM simulations indicate that large changes in water level (approximately 10 ft) affect the persistence of stratification in the lake. During periods with low water levels, the lake is a well-mixed, polymictic system, with water quality degrading slightly as summer progresses. During periods with high water levels, the lake is more stratified, and phosphorus from internal loading is trapped in the hypolimnion and released later in summer, which results in more extreme seasonality in water quality and better clarity in early summer. Results of eutrophication model simulations using a range in external phosphorus inputs illustrate how water quality in Shell Lake (phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations and Secchi depths) responds to changes in external phosphorus loading. Results indicate that a 50-percent reduction in external loading from that measured in 2009 would be required to change phosphorus concentrations from 0.018 milligram per liter (mg/L) (measured in 2009) to 0.012 mg/L (estimated for the mid-1800s from analysis of diatoms in sediment cores). Such reductions in phosphorus loading cannot be accomplished by targeting septic systems or internal loading alone because septic systems contribute only about 3 percent of the phosphorus input to the lake, and internal loading from the sediments of Shell Lake contributes only about 25 percent of phosphorus input. Complete elimination of phosphorus from septic systems and internal loading would decrease the phosphorus concentrations in the lake by 0.003–0.004 mg/L. Therefore, reducing phosphorus concentration in the lake more than by 0.004 mg/L requires decreasing phosphorus loading from surface-water contributions, primarily runoff to the lake. Reconstructed changes in water quality from 1860 to 2010, based on changes in the diatom communities archived in the sediments and eutrophication model simulations, suggest that anthropogenic changes in the watershed (sawmill construction in 1881; the establishment of the village of Shell Lake; and land-use changes in the 1920s, including increased agriculture) had a much larger effect on water quality than the natural changes associated with fluctuations in water level. Although the effects of natural changes in water level on water quality appear to be small, changes in water level do have a modest effect on water quality, primarily manifested as small improvements during higher water levels. Fluctuations in water level, however, have a larger effect on the seasonality of water-quality patterns, with better water quality, especially increased Secchi depths, in early summer during years with high water levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135181","collaboration":"In cooperation with the City of Shell Lake, Wisconsin","usgsCitation":"Juckem, P.F., and Robertson, D.M., 2013, Hydrology and water quality of Shell Lake, Washburn County, Wisconsin, with special emphasis on the effects of diversion and changes in water level on the water quality of a shallow terminal lake: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5181, Report: x, 77 p.; Appendix 1: PDF file; Appendix 2: PDF file, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135181.","productDescription":"Report: x, 77 p.; Appendix 1: PDF file; Appendix 2: PDF file","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045912","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280323,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135181.jpg"},{"id":280321,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5181/pdf/sir2013-5181_appendix1.pdf"},{"id":280322,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5181/pdf/sir2013-5181_appendix2.pdf"},{"id":280320,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5181/pdf/sir2013-5181.pdf"},{"id":280319,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5181/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Washburn County","otherGeospatial":"Shell Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.94286346435547,\n 45.75506798173109\n ],\n [\n -91.86355590820312,\n 45.75530752680575\n ],\n [\n -91.86424255371094,\n 45.70881653205482\n ],\n [\n -91.89960479736327,\n 45.7066587939899\n ],\n [\n -91.9068145751953,\n 45.70929601809127\n ],\n [\n -91.94252014160156,\n 45.70953575956707\n ],\n [\n -91.94286346435547,\n 45.75506798173109\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52b0211fe4b0242fceec8584","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juckem, Paul F. 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":1905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70125307,"text":"70125307 - 2013 - Comparative microhabitat characteristics at oviposition sites of the California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-26T15:05:12","indexId":"70125307","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-11T09:56:41","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative microhabitat characteristics at oviposition sites of the California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii)","docAbstract":"We studied the microhabitat characteristics of 747 egg masses of the federally-threatened Rana draytonii (California red-legged frog) at eight sites in California. our study showed that a broad range of aquatic habitats are utilized by ovipositing R. draytonii, including sites with perennial and ephemeral water sources, natural and constructed wetlands, lentic and lotic hydrology, and sites surrounded by protected lands and nested within modified urban areas. We recorded 45 different egg mass attachment types, although the use of only a few types was common at each site. These attachment types ranged from branches and roots of riparian trees, emergent and submergent wetland vegetation, flooded upland grassland/ruderal vegetation, and debris. eggs were deposited in relatively shallow water (mean 39.7 cm) when compared to maximum site depths. We found that most frogs in artificial pond, natural creek, and artificial channel habitats deposited egg masses within one meter of the shore, while egg masses in a seasonal marsh averaged 27.3 m from the shore due to extensive emergent vegetation. Rana draytonii appeared to delay breeding in lotic habitats and in more inland sites compared to lentic habitats and coastal sites. eggs occurred as early as mid-december at a coastal artificial pond and as late as mid-April in an inland natural creek. We speculate that this delay in breeding may represent a method of avoiding high-flow events and/or freezing temperatures. Understanding the factors related to the reproductive needs of this species can contribute to creating, managing, or preserving appropriate habitat, and promoting species recovery.","language":"English","publisher":"Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation","publisherLocation":"Texarkana, TX","usgsCitation":"Alvarez, J.A., Cook, D.G., Yee, J.L., van Hattem, M.G., Fong, D.R., and Fisher, R.N., 2013, Comparative microhabitat characteristics at oviposition sites of the California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii): Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 8, no. 3, p. 539-551.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"551","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-051239","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328988,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.herpconbio.org/contents_vol8_issue3.html"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54195129e4b091c7ffc8e615","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alvarez, Jeff A.","contributorId":102404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, David G.","contributorId":48921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yee, Julie L. 0000-0003-1782-157X julie_yee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-157X","contributorId":3246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"Julie","email":"julie_yee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Hattem, Michael G.","contributorId":67022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Hattem","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fong, Darren R.","contributorId":50833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fong","given":"Darren","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70055882,"text":"sir20135212 - 2013 - Streamflow monitoring and statistics for development of water rights claims for Wild and Scenic Rivers, Owyhee Canyonlands Wilderness, Idaho, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-05T09:17:52","indexId":"sir20135212","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-05T09:02:11","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5212","title":"Streamflow monitoring and statistics for development of water rights claims for Wild and Scenic Rivers, Owyhee Canyonlands Wilderness, Idaho, 2012","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), collected streamflow data in 2012 and estimated streamflow statistics for stream segments designated \"Wild,\" \"Scenic,\" or \"Recreational\" under the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System in the Owyhee Canyonlands Wilderness in southwestern Idaho. The streamflow statistics were used by BLM to develop and file a draft, federal reserved water right claim in autumn 2012 to protect federally designated \"outstanding remarkable values\" in the stream segments. BLM determined that the daily mean streamflow equaled or exceeded 20 and 80 percent of the time during bimonthly periods (two periods per month) and the bankfull streamflow are important streamflow thresholds for maintaining outstanding remarkable values. Prior to this study, streamflow statistics estimated using available datasets and tools for the Owyhee Canyonlands Wilderness were inaccurate for use in the water rights claim. Streamflow measurements were made at varying intervals during February–September 2012 at 14 monitoring sites; 2 of the monitoring sites were equipped with telemetered streamgaging equipment. Synthetic streamflow records were created for 11 of the 14 monitoring sites using a partial‑record method or a drainage-area-ratio method. Streamflow records were obtained directly from an operating, long-term streamgage at one monitoring site, and from discontinued streamgages at two monitoring sites. For 10 sites analyzed using the partial-record method, discrete measurements were related to daily mean streamflow at a nearby, telemetered “index” streamgage. Resulting regression equations were used to estimate daily mean and annual peak streamflow at the monitoring sites during the full period of record for the index sites. A synthetic streamflow record for Sheep Creek was developed using a drainage-area-ratio method, because measured streamflows did not relate well to any index site to allow use of the partial-record method. The synthetic and actual daily mean streamflow records were used to estimate daily mean streamflow that was exceeded 80, 50, and 20 percent of the time (80-, 50-, and 20-percent exceedances) for bimonthly and annual periods. Bankfull streamflow statistics were calculated by fitting the synthetic and actual annual peak streamflow records to a log Pearson Type III distribution using Bulletin 17B guidelines in the U.S. Geological Survey PeakFQ program. The coefficients of determination (R2) for the regressions between the monitoring and index sites ranged from 0.74 for Wickahoney Creek to 0.98 for the West Fork Bruneau River and Deep Creek. Confidence in computed streamflow statistics is highest among other sites for the East Fork Owyhee River and the West Fork Bruneau River on the basis of regression statistics, visual fit of the related data, and the range and number of streamflow measurements. Streamflow statistics for sites with the greatest uncertainty included Big Jacks, Little Jacks, Cottonwood, Wickahoney, and Sheep Creeks. The uncertainty in computed streamflow statistics was due to a number of factors which included the distance of index sites relative to monitoring sites, relatively low streamflow conditions that occurred during the study, and the limited number and range of streamflow measurements. However, the computed streamflow statistics are considered the best possible estimates given available datasets in the remote study area. Streamflow measurements over a wider range of hydrologic and climatic conditions would improve the relations between streamflow characteristics at monitoring and index sites. Additionally, field surveys are needed to verify if the streamflows selected for the water rights claims are sufficient for maintaining outstanding remarkable values in the Wild and Scenic rivers included in the study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135212","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Wood, M.S., and Fosness, R.L., 2013, Streamflow monitoring and statistics for development of water rights claims for Wild and Scenic Rivers, Owyhee Canyonlands Wilderness, Idaho, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5212, vi, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135212.","productDescription":"vi, 65 p.","numberOfPages":"76","ipdsId":"IP-042211","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280184,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135212.jpg"},{"id":280183,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5212/pdf/sir20135212.pdf"},{"id":280178,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5212/"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Nevada;Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Owyhee Canyonlands Wilderness","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.5,41.5 ], [ -117.5,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -0.01638888888888889,41.5 ], [ -117.5,41.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a1a08ae4b02938ec058843","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Molly S. 0000-0002-5184-8306 mswood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-8306","contributorId":788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Molly","email":"mswood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fosness, Ryan L. 0000-0003-4089-2704 rfosness@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-2704","contributorId":2703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosness","given":"Ryan","email":"rfosness@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70058009,"text":"70058009 - 2013 - Integrated carbon budget models for the Everglades terrestrial-coastal-oceanic gradient: Current status and needs for inter-site comparisons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-03T16:05:03","indexId":"70058009","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-03T15:54:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2929,"text":"Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated carbon budget models for the Everglades terrestrial-coastal-oceanic gradient: Current status and needs for inter-site comparisons","docAbstract":"Recent studies suggest that coastal ecosystems can bury significantly \nmore C than tropical forests, indicating that continued coastal development and \nexposure to sea level rise and storms will have global biogeochemical consequences. \nThe Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE LTER) site \nprovides an excellent subtropical system for examining carbon (C) balance because \nof its exposure to historical changes in freshwater distribution and sea level rise and \nits history of significant long-term carbon-cycling studies. FCE LTER scientists used \nnet ecosystem C balance and net ecosystem exchange data to estimate C budgets \nfor riverine mangrove, freshwater marsh, and seagrass meadows, providing insights \ninto the magnitude of C accumulation and lateral aquatic C transport. Rates of net \nC production in the riverine mangrove forest exceeded those reported for many \ntropical systems, including terrestrial forests, but there are considerable uncertainties \naround those estimates due to the high potential for gain and loss of C through \naquatic fluxes. C production was approximately balanced between gain and loss in \nEverglades marshes; however, the contribution of periphyton increases uncertainty \nin these estimates. Moreover, while the approaches used for these initial estimates \nwere informative, a resolved approach for addressing areas of uncertainty is critically \nneeded for coastal wetland ecosystems. Once resolved, these C balance estimates, \nin conjunction with an understanding of drivers and key ecosystem feedbacks, can \ninform cross-system studies of ecosystem response to long-term changes in climate, \nhydrologic management, and other land use along coastlines","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Oceanography Society","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2013.51","usgsCitation":"Troxler, T.G., Gaiser, E., Barr, J., Fuentes, J.D., Jaffe, R., Childers, D., Collado-Vides, L., Rivera-Monroy, V., Castañeda-Moya, E., Anderson, W., Chambers, R., Chen, M., Coronado-Molina, C., Davis, S., Engel, V.C., Fitz, C., Fourqurean, J., Frankovich, T., Kominoski, J., Madden, C., Malone, S.L., Oberbauer, S.F., Olivas, P., Richards, J., Saunders, C., Schedlbauer, J., Scinto, L.J., Sklar, F., Smith, T.J., Smoak, J.M., Starr, G., Twilley, R., and Whelan, K., 2013, Integrated carbon budget models for the Everglades terrestrial-coastal-oceanic gradient: Current status and needs for inter-site comparisons: Oceanography, v. 26, no. 3, p. 98-107, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.51.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"107","ipdsId":"IP-049533","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.51","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280171,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.51"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Everglades","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.6559,25.1279 ], [ -81.6559,27.0151 ], [ -80.2167,27.0151 ], [ -80.2167,25.1279 ], [ -81.6559,25.1279 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"529efd70e4b01942f4ab8b89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Troxler, Tiffany G.","contributorId":35599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troxler","given":"Tiffany","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaiser, Evelyn","contributorId":61727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaiser","given":"Evelyn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barr, 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