{"pageNumber":"1460","pageRowStart":"36475","pageSize":"25","recordCount":41014,"records":[{"id":61333,"text":"mf1981 - 1987 - Oblique map of the northern Sierra Nevada, California, showing location of gold-bearing areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-27T18:29:42.950442","indexId":"mf1981","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1981","title":"Oblique map of the northern Sierra Nevada, California, showing location of gold-bearing areas","docAbstract":"<p>More than a third of the gold produced by the United States was mined in California. The bulk of this gold was recovered from the western slope of the northern half of the Sierra Nevada between the Merced River in the south and the Feather River to the north, a distance of about 170 mi. Gold was first discovered, in this region, on the American River at Coloma in 1848, triggering the famed California gold rush. Mining was continuously active, somewhere in the area, from the discovery of gold until World War II when mining was legally prohibited. Dramatic increases in gold prices in the past decade coupled with recent advances in extractive techniques have revitalized prospecting, and major deposits are currently being explored and developed.</p>\n<p>Gold has been found in a variety of geologic environments in the region. In addition to production from the complex vein systems of the historically famous Mother Lode and associated East Gold Belt and West Gold Belt, large amounts of gold have also been recovered from the Grass Valley-Nevada City and other isolated lode districts and from Tertiary river channels and Quaternary alluvium.</p>\n<p>This oblique map illustrates the relation of the different gold-bearing environments&nbsp;to each other and to the general terrain of the northern Sierra Nevada. The map was derived from the 1970 U.S. Geological Survey 1:500,000-scale topographic map of&nbsp;California and the 1976 U.S. Geological Survey 1:500,000-scale topographic map of Nevada, using an isometrograph, a mechanical instrument that produces an oblique framework by tracing individual contours. Form lines sketched over this framework graphically portray the physiographic configuration of the region. Relief on the oblique map has a 3:1 vertical exaggeration and appears as if viewed from a 30&deg; angle above the horizon.</p>\n<p>Locations of lode gold prospects and mines shown on the map were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey's Mineral Resource Data System (MRDS), a computerized mineral-resource information file, and plotted in their respective locations (D.F. Huber, written commun., 1986). Some locations from two northern counties, missing from the MRDS retrival, were added. The twenty lode mines believed to be the most productive are cited in table 1. A total of nearly 4,000 sites, including both prospects and mines, were initially plotted, but about a third of those were obscured by topography on the oblique map. Locations of Tertiary river channels and gold-dredging fields were taken from published general references modified by examining specific sources and by cursory field examination. Seven of the major dredge fields are identified in table 2.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1981","usgsCitation":"Alpha, T.R., Dodge, F.C., and Bliss, J.D., 1987, Oblique map of the northern Sierra Nevada, California, showing location of gold-bearing areas: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1981, 1 Plate: 47.11 x 31.51 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1981.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 47.11 x 31.51 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179871,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1981.PNG"},{"id":486611,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5566.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":327579,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1981/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"northern Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -122,\n              36.6833\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.5583,\n              36.683\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.5583,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -122,\n              40\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db69659d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpha, T. R.","contributorId":20715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpha","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodge, F. C. W.","contributorId":18755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"C. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bliss, J. D.","contributorId":25564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27776,"text":"wri864050 - 1987 - Simulation of unsteady flow in the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary at Milwaukee, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T13:13:36","indexId":"wri864050","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4050","title":"Simulation of unsteady flow in the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary at Milwaukee, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes the application and results of an unsteady-flow model for the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary. The model simulates unsteady and upstream flow occurring in the estuary as a result of Lake Michigan Seiche. The discharge computed by the model indicates that upstream flow occurs throughout the estuary during periods of lake seiche. Flow conditions are extremely unsteady and major flow reversals may occur within 1 hr. The simulated discharge indicates that both upstream and downstream flows four times greater than the average daily discharge can occur during the same day. An estimate of 5- or 15-minute average discharge was required during selected runoff events and at various locations in the estuary as part of the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary study. The model provides a method to estimate 5-minute average discharges at selected cross sections in the estuary. The U.S. Geological Survey 's Branch Network Model was used to simulate stage and discharge. A finite difference computation scheme is used to solve the one-dimensional flow equations. Model input requirements include channel geometry data, discharge at the upstream tributaries, and stage data at the estuary mouth. The model was used to simulate the flow during six selected time periods in 1982-84 using a 5- or 15-minute computation interval. (Author 's abstract)</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864050","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission","usgsCitation":"House, L.B., 1987, Simulation of unsteady flow in the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary at Milwaukee, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4050, Report: iv, 19 p.; 1 Plate: 19.00 x 25.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864050.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 19 p.; 1 Plate: 19.00 x 25.00 inches","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56618,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4050/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4050/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56619,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4050/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Milwaukee County","city":"Milwaukee","otherGeospatial":"Milwaukee Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.92015075683594,\n              42.951396938304164\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.92015075683594,\n              43.09797467469801\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.81372070312499,\n              43.09797467469801\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.81372070312499,\n              42.951396938304164\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.92015075683594,\n              42.951396938304164\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4a96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"House, L. B.","contributorId":49386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29178,"text":"wri874140 - 1987 - Hydrogeology of McMullen Valley, west-central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:53","indexId":"wri874140","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4140","title":"Hydrogeology of McMullen Valley, west-central Arizona","docAbstract":"The geohydrology of McMullen Valley, west-central Arizona, was investigated using geologic, geophysical, and hydrologic data and a numerical model of the groundwater system. Interpretation of geologic and geophysical information indicates that the main structure of McMullen Valley is a syncline that has been normal faulted on the southeast side. Basin fill that accumulated in the structural depression during late Miocene to Pleistocene time is the main aquifer and is divided into upper and lower units on the basis of lithologic information. The upper unit is a thin layer of coarse-grained sediments and generally is not saturated. The lower unit is 3,000 to 4,000 ft thick, includes a fine-grained facies in the upper 1,000 ft, and is the main source of water. The fine-grained facies is found in the southwest half of the basin and is further divided into upper and lower parts. The lower part of the fine-grained facies has: a higher percentage of silt and clay than the upper part, contains evaporites, does not yield water to wells, and separates the aquifer into shallow and deep systems. A numerical model was used to analyze the groundwater system for both steady-state and transient conditions. The transient model was used to analyze system response to pumping stress. The transient system is one of storage depletion, and water level declines are controlled by pumping and specific yield distributions. Water level declines are also influenced by hydraulic properties and areal extent of the fine-grained facies. Significant water level declines may extend to aquifer boundaries in most of the basin; in one area, impermeable boundary greatly influences declines. The location of the nearby boundary was estimated through gravity data modeling. Several hydrologic components, including hydraulic properties and areal extent of the fine-grained facies , storage properties, and aquifer boundaries, need better definition in order to develop a more accurate model of the groundwater system. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874140","usgsCitation":"Pool, D.R., 1987, Hydrogeology of McMullen Valley, west-central Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4140, v, 51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874140.","productDescription":"v, 51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4140/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58049,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4140/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db54595a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pool, D. R.","contributorId":75581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30563,"text":"wri874010 - 1987 - Relation between ground water and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin, west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri874010","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4010","title":"Relation between ground water and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin, west-central Florida","docAbstract":"The relation between groundwater and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin was defined through the use of: seismic-reflection profiling along selected reaches of the Hillsborough River, and evaluation of streamflow, rainfall, groundwater levels, water quality, and geologic data. Major municipal well fields in the basin are Morris Bridge and Cypress Creek where an averages of 15.3 and 30.0 million gal/day (mgd), respectively, were pumped in 1980. Mean annual rainfall for the study area is 53.7 inches. Average rainfall for 1980, determined from eight rainfall stations, was 49.7 inches. Evapotranspiration, corrected for the 5% of the basin that is standing water, was 35.7 in/year. The principal geohydrologic units in the basin are the surficial aquifer, the intermediate aquifer and confining beds, the Upper Floridan aquifer, the middle confining unit, and the Lower Floridan aquifer. Total pumpage of groundwater in 1980 was 98.18 mgd. The surficial aquifer and the intermediate aquifer are not used for major groundwater supply in the basin. Continuous marine seismic-reflection data collected along selected reaches of the Hillsborough River were interpreted to define the riverbed profile, the thickness of surficial deposits, and the top of persistent limestone. Major areas of groundwater discharge near the Hillsborough River and its tributaries are the wetlands adjacent to the river between the Zephyrhills gaging stations and Fletcher Avenue and the wetlands adjacent to Cypress Creek. An estimated 20 mgd seeps upward from the Upper Floridan aquifer within those wetland areas. The runoff/sq mi is greater at the Zephyrhills station than at Morris Bridge. However, results of groundwater flow models and potentiometric-surface maps indicate that groundwater is flowing upward along the Hillsborough River between the Zephyrhills gage and the Morris Bridge gage. This upward leakage is lost to evapotranspiration. An aquifer test conducted in 1978 at the Morris Bridge well field was evaluated by using an anisotropic method. Analytical results matched observed water levels within 0.1 ft. Analysis of aquifer test results indicates that withdrawals of up to 28 mgd would have a negligible effect on the river stage or flow. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874010","usgsCitation":"Wolansky, R., and Thompson, T.H., 1987, Relation between ground water and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin, west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4010, vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874010.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4010/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59328,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4010/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolansky, R. M.","contributorId":89163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolansky","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, T. H.","contributorId":23927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28033,"text":"wri864095 - 1987 - HST3D; a computer code for simulation of heat and solute transport in three-dimensional ground-water flow systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"wri864095","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4095","title":"HST3D; a computer code for simulation of heat and solute transport in three-dimensional ground-water flow systems","docAbstract":"The Heat- and Soil-Transport Program (HST3D) simulates groundwater flow and associated heat and solute transport in three dimensions. The three governing equations are coupled through the interstitial pore velocity, the dependence of the fluid density on pressure, temperature, the solute-mass fraction , and the dependence of the fluid viscosity on temperature and solute-mass fraction. The solute transport equation is for only a single, solute species with possible linear equilibrium sorption and linear decay. Finite difference techniques are used to discretize the governing equations using a point-distributed grid. The flow-, heat- and solute-transport equations are solved , in turn, after a particle Gauss-reduction scheme is used to modify them. The modified equations are more tightly coupled and have better stability for the numerical solutions. The basic source-sink term represents wells. A complex well flow model may be used to simulate specified flow rate and pressure conditions at the land surface or within the aquifer, with or without pressure and flow rate constraints. Boundary condition types offered include specified value, specified flux, leakage, heat conduction, and approximate free surface, and two types of aquifer influence functions. All boundary conditions can be functions of time. Two techniques are available for solution of the finite difference matrix equations. One technique is a direct-elimination solver, using equations reordered by alternating diagonal planes. The other technique is an iterative solver, using two-line successive over-relaxation. A restart option is available for storing intermediate results and restarting the simulation at an intermediate time with modified boundary conditions. This feature also can be used as protection against computer system failure. Data input and output may be in metric (SI) units or inch-pound units. Output may include tables of dependent variables and parameters, zoned-contour maps, and plots of the dependent variables versus time. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864095","usgsCitation":"Kipp, K., 1987, HST3D; a computer code for simulation of heat and solute transport in three-dimensional ground-water flow systems: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4095, viii, 517 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864095.","productDescription":"viii, 517 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4095/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56872,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4095/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634caa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kipp, K.L.","contributorId":96715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kipp","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28028,"text":"wri864203 - 1987 - Reconnaissance of geohydrologic areas and 1981 low-flow conditions, Withlacoochee River basin, southwest Florida Water Management District","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:39","indexId":"wri864203","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4203","title":"Reconnaissance of geohydrologic areas and 1981 low-flow conditions, Withlacoochee River basin, southwest Florida Water Management District","docAbstract":"The Withlacoochee River Basin of the Southwest Florida Water Management District is a management area of about 2030 sq mi in west-central Florida containing large reserves of potable water in the Upper Floridan aquifer. Results of reconnaissance test drilling indicate that the Upper Floridan aquifer may be treated as an unconfined aquifer in the management area which allows it to be divided into two types of geohydrologic areas: (1) areas of high recharge, and (2) areas of moderate recharge. Conceptually, the source of water to well fields in areas of high recharge would largely be natural recharge, whereas, in areas of moderate recharge, a significant part of the source of water to well fields would be induced downward leakage, or capture, of surface and near-surface water. The Withlacoochee River Basin of the Southwest Florida Water Management District is drained almost entirely by the Withlacoochee River and its tributaries. Field data were collected from April 13 through August 17, 1981, to document extremely low streamflow conditions. Conditions in the upper half of the drainage basin were found to be the most severe of record. On July 7, 1981, the total net runoff from the upper half of the basin was observed to be only 0.1 cu ft/sec. Low-flow conditions in the lower half of the drainage basin, however, were less severe than during the record low period of 1956. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864203","usgsCitation":"Kimrey, J.O., and Anderson, W., 1987, Reconnaissance of geohydrologic areas and 1981 low-flow conditions, Withlacoochee River basin, southwest Florida Water Management District: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4203, vi, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864203.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4203/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56863,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4203/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimrey, J. O.","contributorId":67533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimrey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Warren","contributorId":7712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Warren","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20113,"text":"ofr87404 - 1987 - Sedimentary basin models documented on computer diskettes for USGS bulletin 1810 the muPETROL expert system for classifying world sedimentary basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:37","indexId":"ofr87404","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-404","title":"Sedimentary basin models documented on computer diskettes for USGS bulletin 1810 the muPETROL expert system for classifying world sedimentary basins","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr87404","usgsCitation":"Miller, B., 1987, Sedimentary basin models documented on computer diskettes for USGS bulletin 1810 the muPETROL expert system for classifying world sedimentary basins: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-404, 5 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87404.","productDescription":"5 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152269,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0404/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49657,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0404/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd71dfe4b0b29085107f3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, B.M.","contributorId":73232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30448,"text":"wri874241 - 1987 - Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T23:01:45.657781","indexId":"wri874241","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4241","title":"Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>As part of the Souris River water-quality assessment, traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration measurements were made during September 1983 on segments of the 186-mile reach of the Sour is River from Lake Darling Dam to the J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge. The primary objective was to determine traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration coefficients during low flow. Streamflow in the reach ranged from 10.5 to 47.0 cubic feet per second during the measurement period.</p><p>On the basis of channel and hydraulic characteristics, the 186-mile reach was subdivided into five subreaches that ranged from 18 to 55 river miles in length. Within each subreach, representative test reaches that ranged from 5.0 to 9.1 river miles in length were selected for tracer injection and sample collection. Standard fluorometric techniques were used to measure traveltime and longitudinal dispersion, and a modified tracer technique that used ethylene and propane gas was used to measure reaeration. Mean test-reach velocities ranged from 0.05 to 0.30 foot per second, longitudinal-dispersion coefficients ranged from 4.2 to 61 square feet per second, and reaeration coefficients based on propane ranged from 0.39 to 1.66 per day.</p><p>Predictive reaeration coefficients obtained from 18 equations (8 semiempirical and 10 empirical) were compared with each measured reaeration coefficient by use of an error-of-estimate analysis. The predictive reaeration coefficients ranged from 0.0008 to 3.4 per day. A semiempirical equation that produced coefficients most similar to the measured coefficients had the smallest absolute error of estimate (0.35). The smallest absolute error of estimate for the empirical equations was 0.41.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874241","usgsCitation":"Wesolowski, E.A., and Nelson, R.A., 1987, Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4241, ix, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874241.","productDescription":"ix, 66 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411539,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46893.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59231,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4241/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119549,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4241/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Darling Dam, Souris River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.0667,\n              50.525\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5903,\n              50.525\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5903,\n              47.7542\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.0667,\n              47.7542\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.0667,\n              50.525\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6487dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wesolowski, E. 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,{"id":26741,"text":"wri864132 - 1987 - Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T12:12:48","indexId":"wri864132","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4132","title":"Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina","docAbstract":"A statistical analysis was made of data from more than 6,200 water wells drilled in the fractured crystalline rocks of the Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and western edge of the Coastal Plain where crystalline rocks underlie sediments at shallow depths. The study area encompassed 65 countries in western North Carolina, an area of 30,544 square mi, comprising nearly two-thirds of the State. Additional water supplies will be needed in western North Carolina as population and industrial development continue to increase. Ground water is an attractive alternative to surface water sources for moderate to large supplies. The statistical analysis was made to identify the geologic, topographic, and construction factors associated with high-yield wells. It is generally held that the crystalline rocks of Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces yield only small amounts of water to wells, that water is obtained from vertical fractures that pinch out at a depth of about 300 feet because of lithostatic pressure, and that the function of a larger diameter well is primarily for storage. These concepts are reasonable when based upon the average well drilled in these rocks: a domestic well, 125 feet deep, 6 inches or less in diameter, and located on a hill or ridge. However, statistical analysis shows that wells in draws or valleys have average yields three times those of wells on hills and ridges. Wells in the most productive hydrogeologic units have average yields twice those of wells in the least productive units. Wells in draws and valleys in the most productive units average five times more yield than wells on hills and ridges in the least productive units. Well diameter can have significant influence on yield; for a given depth, yield is directly proportional to well diameter. Maximum well yields are obtained from much greater depths than previously believed. For example, the average yield of 6-inch diameter wells located in draws and valleys can be expected to reach a maximum of about 45 gallons per minute at depths of 500 to 525 feet; for similarly located 12-inch diameter wells, the average yield can be expected to reach a maximum of about 150 gallons per min at depths of 700 to 800 ft. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864132","usgsCitation":"Daniel, C., 1987, Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4132, v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864132.","productDescription":"v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4132/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55619,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Blue Ridge Province, Piedmont 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,{"id":28009,"text":"wri864194 - 1987 - Three-dimensional model simulation of transient ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri864194","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4194","title":"Three-dimensional model simulation of transient ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional digital model that simulates transient flow in the alluvial aquifer system underlying the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico, was constructed as part of a regional aquifer study of the southwest alluvial basins. The model simulates hydraulic heads and changes in hydraulic heads for 1907 to 1979. Hydraulic-conductivity values used in the accepted model range from 0.25 ft/day in part of the Santa Fe Group to 50 ft/day in the fluvial deposits in the Rio Grande flood plain. The majority of the basin-fill material of the Santa Fe group of Tertiary and Quaternary age was modeled as having a horizontal hydraulic conductivity of either 30 or 40 ft/day. The simulated specific storage of the aquifer was 0.000001/ft and the simulated specific yield was 0.10. The aquifer was simulated as being vertically anisotropic with a ratio of vertical to horizontal hydraulic conductivity of 1:500. Simulations for 1976-79 indicated that of the 100,000 acre-ft of groundwater withdrawn annually from the basin-fill deposits outside of the Rio Grande flood plain, 68% was obtained from recharge around the basin margin, depletion of streams that are tributary to the Rio Grande, and the stream-aquifer system in the Rio Grande flood plain. Depletion of aquifer storage accounted for 25% of the groundwater supply to wells outside of the flood plain, and the remaining 7% was obtained by induced groundwater inflow from the Santo Domingo Basin. The model displayed an acceptable performance throughout the period of simulation. However, by the end of the simulation period, 1979, the portrayal of the Rio Grande flood-plain system as a specified hydraulic-head boundary was having adverse effects on the simulation. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864194","usgsCitation":"Kernodle, J.M., Miller, R.S., and Scott, W.B., 1987, Three-dimensional model simulation of transient ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4194, viii, 86 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864194.","productDescription":"viii, 86 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4194/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56834,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4194/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b46fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kernodle, J. M.","contributorId":81139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kernodle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Ryan S.","contributorId":49005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, W. B.","contributorId":87887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2311,"text":"wsp2234E - 1987 - Shore erosion as a sediment source to the tidal Potomac River, Maryland and Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:20","indexId":"wsp2234E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2234","chapter":"E","title":"Shore erosion as a sediment source to the tidal Potomac River, Maryland and Virginia","docAbstract":"The shoreline of the tidal Potomac River attained its present form as a result of the Holocene episode of sea-level rise; the drowned margins of the system are modified by wave activity in the shore zone and by slope processes on banks steepened by basal-wave erosion. Shore erosion leaves residual sand and gravel in shallow water and transports silt and clay offshore to form a measurable component of the suspended-sediment load of the tidal Potomac River. \r\n\r\nErosion rates were measured by comparing digitized historical shoreline maps and modern maps, and by comparing stereopairs of aerial photographs taken at different points in time, with the aid of an interactive computer-graphics system and a digitizing stereoplotter. Cartographic comparisons encompassed 90 percent of the study reach and spanned periods of 38 to 109 years, with most measurements spanning at least 84 years. Photogrammetric comparisons encompassed 49 percent of the study reach and spanned 16 to 40 years. Field monitoring of erosion rates and processes at two sites, Swan Point Neck, Maryland, and Mason Neck, Virginia, spanned periods of 10 to 18 months. \r\n\r\n\r\nEstimated average recession rates of shoreline in the estuary, based on cartographic and photogrammetric measurements, were 0.42 to 0.52 meter per annum (Virginia shore) and 0.31 to 0.41 meter per annum (Maryland shore). Average recession rates of shoreline in the tidal river and transition zone were close to 0.15 meter per annum. Estimated average volume-erosion rates along the estuary were 1.20 to 1.87 cubic meters per meter of shoreline per annum (Virginia shore) and 0.56 to 0.73 cubic meter per meter of shoreline per annum (Maryland shore); estimated average volume-erosion rates along the shores of the tidal river and transition zone were 0.55 to 0.74 cubic meter per meter of shoreline per annum. \r\n\r\nEstimated total sediment contributed to the tidal Potomac River by shore erosion was 0.375 x 10 6 to 0.565 x 10 6 metric tons per annum; of this, the estimated amount of silt and clay ranged from 0.153x10 6 to 0.226x10 6 metric tons per annum. Between 49 and 60 percent of the sediment was derived from the Virginia shore of the estuary; 14 to 18 percent was derived from the Maryland shore of the estuary; and 23 to 36 percent was derived from the shores of the tidal river and transition zone. The adjusted modern estimate of sediment eroded from the shoreline of the estuary is about 55 percent of the historical estimate.\r\n\r\nSediment eroded from the shoreline accounted for about 6 to 9 percent of the estimated total suspended load for the tidal Potomac River during water years 1979 through 1981 and for about 11 to 18 percent of the suspended load delivered to the estuary during the same period. Annual suspended-sediment loads derived from upland source areas fluctuated by about an order of magnitude during the 3 years of record (1979-81); shore erosion may have been a more important component of the sediment budget during periods of low flow than during periods of higher discharges. Prior to massive land clearance during the historical period of intensive agriculture in the 18th and 19th centuries, annual sediment loads from upland sources probably were smaller than they are at present; under these circumstances shore erosion would have been an important component of the sediment budget. \r\n\r\nAt current rates of sediment supply, relative sea-level rise, and shoreline recession, the landward parts of the tidal Potomac River are rapidly being filled by sediment. If these rates were to remain constant over time, and no sediment were to escape into Chesapeake Bay, the tidal river and transition zone would be filled within 600 years, and the total system would be filled in less than 4,000 years. Given a slower rate of sediment supply, comparable to the measured rate during the low-flow 1981 water year, the volume of the tidal Potomac River might remain relatively stable or even increase over time. Changes in rates","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2234E","usgsCitation":"Miller, A.J., 1987, Shore erosion as a sediment source to the tidal Potomac River, Maryland and Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2234, vi, 45 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2234E.","productDescription":"vi, 45 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137736,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2234e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28141,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2234e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3e42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Andrew J.","contributorId":7559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28260,"text":"wri834099 - 1987 - Documentation of computer program VS2D to solve the equations of fluid flow in variably saturated porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:53","indexId":"wri834099","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4099","title":"Documentation of computer program VS2D to solve the equations of fluid flow in variably saturated porous media","docAbstract":"This report documents FORTRAN computer code for solving problems involving variably saturated single-phase flow in porous media. The flow equation is written with total hydraulic potential as the dependent variable, which allows straightforward treatment of both saturated and unsaturated conditions. The spatial derivatives in the flow equation are approximated by central differences, and time derivatives are approximated either by a fully implicit backward or by a centered-difference scheme. Nonlinear conductance and storage terms may be linearized using either an explicit method or an implicit Newton-Raphson method. Relative hydraulic conductivity is evaluated at cell boundaries by using either full upstream weighting, the arithmetic mean, or the geometric mean of values from adjacent cells. Nonlinear boundary conditions treated by the code include infiltration, evaporation, and seepage faces. Extraction by plant roots that is caused by atmospheric demand is included as a nonlinear sink term. These nonlinear boundary and sink terms are linearized implicitly. The code has been verified for several one-dimensional linear problems for which analytical solutions exist and against two nonlinear problems that have been simulated with other numerical models. A complete listing of data-entry requirements and data entry and results for three example problems are provided. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834099","usgsCitation":"Lappala, E., Healy, R.W., and Weeks, E., 1987, Documentation of computer program VS2D to solve the equations of fluid flow in variably saturated porous media: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4099, ix, 184 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834099.","productDescription":"ix, 184 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4099/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57085,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4099/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63ccb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lappala, E.G.","contributorId":17996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lappala","given":"E.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, R. W.","contributorId":89872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weeks, E.P.","contributorId":38514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30300,"text":"wri874227 - 1987 - Hydrology of the U.S. Army Pinon Canyon maneuver site, Las Animas County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri874227","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4227","title":"Hydrology of the U.S. Army Pinon Canyon maneuver site, Las Animas County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of the Army (Fort Carson Military Reservation) has acquired 381 sq mi of semiarid rangeland in southeastern Colorado for mechanized military maneuvers. The study area, known as the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, drains into the Purgatoire River, a major tributary of the upper Arkansas River. A multidisciplined hydrologic investigation began in October 1982. The primary aquifer in the Maneuver Site is the Dakota-Purgatoire. Well yields generally range from 10 to 500 gal/min. Dissolved solids concentrations in groundwater ranged from 195 to 6,150 mg/L. Streamflow in the Purgatoire River is perennial. Tributaries draining the Maneuver Site are intermittent or ephemeral and contribute only about 4.4% of the streamflow of the Purgatoire River downstream from the Maneuver Site. Flood frequencies were calculated by using the log Pearson III procedure and compared well with a regional estimating technique that was developed that uses physical drainage-basin characteristics. Calcium and sulfate are the predominant ions in the surface water of the area. Time-series plots indicate that instream water-quality standards for nitrate and metals are exceeded. About 80% of the suspended-sediment load is transported by rainfall runoff, which occurs less than 8% of the time. Ephermal tributaries contributed less than 25% of the suspended-sediment load transported to the Purgatoire River downstream from the Maneuver Site. Historic annual mean sediment yields were measured for 29 small watersheds. Sediment yields were measured for 29 small watersheds. Sediment yields ranged from 9.5 to 1,700 tons/sq mi. Sediment yields were estimated by a multiple-linear-regression model developed by using physical drainage-basin characteristics and by the Pacific Southwest Interagency Committee method. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874227","usgsCitation":"Von Guerard, P., Abbott, P., and Nickless, R.C., 1987, Hydrology of the U.S. Army Pinon Canyon maneuver site, Las Animas County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4227, x, 117 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874227.","productDescription":"x, 117 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4227/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59090,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4227/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59091,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4227/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59092,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4227/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67ca42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Von Guerard, Paul","contributorId":40620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Von Guerard","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abbott, P.O.","contributorId":21154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"P.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nickless, Raymond C.","contributorId":69609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nickless","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30605,"text":"wri854308 - 1987 - Simulation of ground-water flow near the nuclear-fuel reprocessing facility at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, Cattaraugus County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:13","indexId":"wri854308","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4308","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow near the nuclear-fuel reprocessing facility at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, Cattaraugus County, New York","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional finite-difference model was developed to simulate groundwater flow in a surficial sand and gravel deposit underlying the nuclear fuel reprocessing facility at Western New York Nuclear Service Center near West Valley, N.Y. The sand and gravel deposit overlies a till plateau that abuts an upland area of siltstone and shale on its west side, and is bounded on the other three sides by deeply incised stream channels that drain to Buttermilk Creek, a tributary to Cattaraugus Creek. Radioactive materials are stored within the reprocessing plant and are also buried within a till deposit at the facility. Tritiated water is stored in a lagoon system near the plant and released under permit to Franks Creek, a tributary to Buttermilk Creek. Groundwater levels predicted by steady-state simulations closely matched those measured in 23 observation wells, with an average error of 0.5 meter. Simulated groundwater discharges to two stream channels and a subsurface drain were within 5% of recorded values. Steady-state simulations used an average annual recharge rate of 46 cm/yr; predicted evapotranspiration loss from the ground was 20 cm/yr. The lateral range in hydraulic conductivity obtained through model calibration was 0.6 to 10 m/day. Model simulations indicated that 33% of the groundwater discharged from the sand and gravel unit (2.6 L/sec) is lost by evapotranspiration, 3% (3.0 L/sec) flows to seepage faces at the periphery of the plateau, 20% (1.6 L/sec) discharges to stream channels that drain a large wetland area near the center of the plateau, and the remaining 8% (0.6 L/sec) discharges to a subsurface french drain and to a wastewater treatment system. Groundwater levels computed by a transient-state simulation of an annual climatic cycle, including seasonal variation in recharge and evapotranspiration, closely matched water levels measured in eight observation wells. The model predicted that the subsurface drain and the stream channel that drains the wetland would intercept most of the recharge originating near the reprocessing plant. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854308","usgsCitation":"Yager, R.M., 1987, Simulation of ground-water flow near the nuclear-fuel reprocessing facility at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, Cattaraugus County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4308, vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854308.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4308/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59372,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4308/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59371,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4308/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f250a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, R. M.","contributorId":8069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26598,"text":"wri874008 - 1987 - Floods in Kansas and techniques for estimating their magnitude and frequency on unregulated streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:22","indexId":"wri874008","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4008","title":"Floods in Kansas and techniques for estimating their magnitude and frequency on unregulated streams","docAbstract":"Techniques are presented for generalizing the skewness coefficient of log-Pearson Type III distributions of annual maximum discharges and for flood magnitudes that have selected recurrence intervals from 2 to 100 yr. A weighted least-square (WLS) regression model was used to generalize the coefficients of station skewness that resulted in a root-mean-sq error of prediction of 0.35 compared to 0.55 for the skewness map published in Bulletin 17B of the U.S. Water Resources Council. Estimates of generalized skewness were computed for each of 245 streamflow gaging stations with a minimum of 10 years of record and a contributing drainage area of &lt; 20,000 sq mi. The WLS regression model also was used to develop equations for estimating flood magnitude for selected recurrence intervals for ungaged stream locations by using data from 218 of the 245 streamflow gaging stations that had contributing-drainage areas of less than 10,000 sq mi. The errors of prediction of the most reliable WLS equations ranged from 28 to 42%. The WLS equations were compared statistically to previous developed equations and were determined to be different and more accurate than previously published equations. Flood magnitudes and frequencies for 245 streamflow gaging stations, based on data collected through the 1983 water year, are presented along with a summary of the seasonal distribution of annual maximum discharges and an analysis of the maximum observed discharges. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874008","usgsCitation":"Clement, R., 1987, Floods in Kansas and techniques for estimating their magnitude and frequency on unregulated streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4008, iv, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874008.","productDescription":"iv, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4008/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55464,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4008/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48ade4b07f02db52d5a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clement, R.W.","contributorId":11247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clement","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2220,"text":"wsp2291 - 1987 - Statistical analysis of surface-water-quality data in and near the coal-mining region of southwestern Indiana, 1957-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T09:14:05","indexId":"wsp2291","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2291","title":"Statistical analysis of surface-water-quality data in and near the coal-mining region of southwestern Indiana, 1957-80","docAbstract":"<p>The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 requires that applications for coal-mining permits contain information about the water quality of streams at and near a proposed mine. To meet this need for information, streamflow, specific conductance, pH, and concentrations of total alkalinity, sulfate, dissolved solids, suspended solids, total iron, and total manganese at 37 stations were analyzed to determine the spatial and seasonal variations in water quality and to develop equations for predicting water quality. The season of lowest median streamflow was related to the size of the drainage area. Median streamflow was least during fall at 15 of 16 stations having drainage areas greater than 1,000 square miles but was least during summer at 17 of 21 stations having drainage areas less than 1,000 square miles. In general, the season of lowest median specific conductance occurred during the season of highest streamflow except at stations on the Wabash River. Median specific conductance was least during summer at 9 of 9 stations on the Wabash River, but was least during winter or spring (the seasons of highest streamflow) at 27 of the remaining 28 stations. Linear, inverse, semilog, log-log, and hyperbolic regression models were used to investigate the functional relations between water-quality characteristics and streamflow. Of 186 relations investigated, 143 were statistically significant. Specific conductance and concentrations of total alkalinity and sulfate were negatively related to streamflow at all stations except for a positive relation between total alkalinity concentration and streamflow at Patoka River near Princeton. Concentrations of total alkalinity and sulfate were positively related to specific conductance at all stations except for a negative relation at Patoka River near Princeton and for a positive and negative relation at Patoka River at Jasper. Most of these relations are good, have small confidence intervals, and will give reliable predictions of the water-quality variables listed above. The poorest relations are typically at stations in the Patoka River watershed. Suspended-solids concentration was positively related to streamflow at all but two stations on the Patoka River. These relations are poor, have large confidence intervals, and will give less reliable predictions of suspended-solids concentration. Predictive equations for the regional relations between dissolved-solids concentration and specific conductance and between sulfate concentration and specific conductance, and the seasonal patterns of water quality, are probably valid for the coal-mining regions of Illinois and western Kentucky.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2291","usgsCitation":"Martin, J.D., and Crawford, C.G., 1987, Statistical analysis of surface-water-quality data in and near the coal-mining region of southwestern Indiana, 1957-80: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2291, vi, 92 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2291.","productDescription":"vi, 92 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"98","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":137656,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2291/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27969,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2291/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Benton, Clay, Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Fountain, Gibson, Greene, Knox, Lawrence, Martin, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Orange, Owen, Parke, Perry, Pike, Posey, Putnam, Spencer, Sullivan, Tippecanoe, Vanderburgh, Vermillion, Vigo, Warren, 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,{"id":80301,"text":"fwsobs82_10_132 - 1987 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Mallard (winter habitat, Lower Mississippi Valley)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-28T17:27:10.610311","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_132","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.132","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Mallard (winter habitat, Lower Mississippi Valley)","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Allen, A.W., 1987, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Mallard (winter habitat, Lower Mississippi Valley): FWS/OBS 82/10.132, viii, 37 p.","productDescription":"viii, 37 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6497ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Arthur W.","contributorId":40648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80284,"text":"fwsobs82_10_147 - 1987 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Bobcat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-28T17:54:45.484204","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_147","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.147","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Bobcat","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the bobcat (Felis rufus). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Boyle, K.A., and Fendley, T.T., 1987, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Bobcat: FWS/OBS 82/10.147, viii, 16 p.","productDescription":"viii, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649b06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyle, Katherine A.","contributorId":13705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyle","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fendley, Timothy T.","contributorId":26769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fendley","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28345,"text":"wri874092 - 1987 - Hydrogeology, ground-water quality, and the possible effects of a hypothetical radioactive-water spill, Plainsboro Township, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-03T20:40:50.25744","indexId":"wri874092","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4092","title":"Hydrogeology, ground-water quality, and the possible effects of a hypothetical radioactive-water spill, Plainsboro Township, New Jersey","docAbstract":"<p>Princeton University, under contract to the Department of Energy , maintains a Tokamak fusion test reactor in New Jersey. The U.S. Geological Survey investigated groundwater flow and estimated the effects of a hypothetical spill of radioactive water at the site on the local groundwater system. The study included test drilling; aquifer testing; measurement of water levels, infiltration capacity, and stream discharge; and a simulation of the hypothetical spill. The Triassic Stockton Formation-a water supply aquifer composed primarily of jointed siltstone and sandstone-underlies the site. The aquifer is confined by overlying weathered bedrock and underlying unjointed rock. Weathered bedrock is overlain by unconsolidated, partially saturated material which ranges from 6 to 39 ft in thickness. Groundwater recharge is by lateral flow into the study area, stream leakage, and precipitation. Discharge is by pumpage, evapotranspiration, stream inflow, and lateral flow out of the study area. Transmissivity of the aquifer is about 1,740 sq ft/day, and the storage coefficient is about 0.0002. The average linear velocity of groundwater at the site ranges from 100 to 270 ft/yr depending on location and time of year. The velocity over a large part of the site is controlled by on-site pumpage. Groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for common ions, trace metals, and tritium. The analyses reported no concentrations of common ions or trace metals which exceeded the criteria for drinking water standards recommended by the EPA, except for some instances of moderately high concentrations of iron and manganese. Iron and manganese are common in groundwater and surface water in the area and are not indicative of an on-site source of contamination. Tritium concentrations in the collected samples were also considered representative of background levels and were well below the maximum concentration permitted by the EPA. The fate of spilled radioactive water after a hypothetical accident would depend on the nature of the accident and weather. If the on-site pumpage continued after a spill, groundwater leaving the site probably would have only minimal tritium concentrations, but stream water leaving the site could contain significant tritium concentrations.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874092","usgsCitation":"Lewis, J., and Spitz, F., 1987, Hydrogeology, ground-water quality, and the possible effects of a hypothetical radioactive-water spill, Plainsboro Township, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4092, v, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874092.","productDescription":"v, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395405,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46763.htm"},{"id":57153,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4092/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4092/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","city":"Plainsboro Township","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.6056,\n              40.3417\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.5917,\n              40.3417\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.5917,\n              40.3528\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.6056,\n              40.3528\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.6056,\n              40.3417\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db614864","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, J. C.","contributorId":10057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spitz, F. J.","contributorId":56682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spitz","given":"F. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":13294,"text":"ofr87383 - 1987 - Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in South Dakota;  fiscal years 1986-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:55","indexId":"ofr87383","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-383","title":"Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in South Dakota;  fiscal years 1986-87","docAbstract":"In South Dakota, the first collection of streamflow data by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was in 1903. Despite its early beginning, it was not until October 16, 1944, that the Bismarck District, comprising the states of North Dakota and South Dakota , was created to assess the water resources of the two states. The next major increase in collection of surface water records occurred during the mid-1940 's as a result of the Pick-Sloan Plan for Missouri Basin development. Since 1944, about 98 water resources studies have been made in South Dakota. These range from reconnaissance-type studies of counties and Indian reservations to research on small basin runoff and toxic wastes, the quality of water in lakes, the use of remote sensing for defining aquifers, and studies using digital models to describe the groundwater regimen and surface water hydraulics such as those currently underway in the James River basin and the Big Sioux River basin. During the past 20 years, 140 formal reports describing the studies and results of investigations have been prepared to inform the public and the scientific community. The location of surface water stations and observation wells in bedrock are tabulated. Brief (1 page) descriptions of current water resources projects in South Dakota include information on the location, purpose, period of performance, cooperating agencies, project leader, and completed reports. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr87383","usgsCitation":"Decker, E.M., 1987, Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in South Dakota;  fiscal years 1986-87: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-383, iv, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87383.","productDescription":"iv, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0383/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41713,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0383/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4f3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Decker, E. M. (compiler)","contributorId":40228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"E.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27972,"text":"wri854309 - 1987 - Surface-water hydrology of the Western New York Nuclear Service Center Cattaraugus County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T10:23:51","indexId":"wri854309","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4309","title":"Surface-water hydrology of the Western New York Nuclear Service Center Cattaraugus County, New York","docAbstract":"Precipitation data were collected from October 1980 through September 1983 from three recording gages at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, and surface water data were collected at three continuous-record gaging stations and one partial-record gage on streams that drain a 0.7 sq km part of the site. Seepage from springs was measured periodically during the study. The data were used to identify runoff characteristics at the waste burial ground and the reprocessing plant area, 400 meters to the north. Preliminary water budgets for April 1982 through March 1983 were calculated to aid in the development of groundwater flow models to the two areas. Nearly 80% of the measured runoff from the burial ground area was storm runoff; the remaining 20% was base flow. In contrast, only 30% of the runoff leaving the reprocessing plant area was storm runoff, and 70% was base flow. This difference is attributed to soil composition. The burial ground soil consists of clayey silty till that limits infiltration and causes most precipitation to flow to local channels as direct runoff. In contrast, the reprocessing plant area is overlain by alluvial sand and gravel that allows rapid infiltration of precipitation and subsequent steady discharge from the water table to nearby stream channels and seepage faces. Measured total annual runoff and estimated evapotranspiration from the reprocessing plant area exceeded the precipitation by 35%, which suggests that the groundwater basin is larger than the surface water basin. The additional outflow probably includes underflow from bedrock upgradient from the plant, water leakage from plant facilities, and groundwater flow from adjacent basins. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri854309","usgsCitation":"Kappel, W.M., and Harding, W.E., 1987, Surface-water hydrology of the Western New York Nuclear Service Center Cattaraugus County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4309, v, 36 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854309.","productDescription":"v, 36 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4309/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":366709,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4309/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Cattaraugus County","otherGeospatial":"Western New York Nuclear Service Center","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.65777492523192,\n              42.44907976495076\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.65481376647948,\n              42.44907976495076\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.65481376647948,\n              42.45040973396976\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.65777492523192,\n              42.45040973396976\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.65777492523192,\n              42.44907976495076\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a634","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kappel, William M.","contributorId":18754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harding, W. E.","contributorId":12527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harding","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":13606,"text":"ofr87379 - 1987 - Data-base development for water-quality modeling of the Patuxent River basin, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:01","indexId":"ofr87379","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-379","title":"Data-base development for water-quality modeling of the Patuxent River basin, Maryland","docAbstract":"Procedures and rationale used to develop a data base and data management system for the Patuxent Watershed Nonpoint Source Water Quality Monitoring and Modeling Program of the Maryland Department of the Environment and the U.S. Geological Survey are described. A detailed data base and data management system has been developed to facilitate modeling of the watershed for water quality planning purposes; statistical analysis; plotting of meteorologic, hydrologic and water quality data; and geographic data analysis. The system is Maryland 's prototype for development of a basinwide water quality management program. A key step in the program is to build a calibrated and verified water quality model of the basin using the Hydrological Simulation Program--FORTRAN (HSPF) hydrologic model, which has been used extensively in large-scale basin modeling. The compilation of the substantial existing data base for preliminary calibration of the basin model, including meteorologic, hydrologic, and water quality data from federal and state data bases and a geographic information system containing digital land use and soils data is described. The data base development is significant in its application of an integrated, uniform approach to data base management and modeling. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr87379","usgsCitation":"Fisher, G.T., and Summers, R., 1987, Data-base development for water-quality modeling of the Patuxent River basin, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-379, 18 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87379.","productDescription":"18 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0379/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42123,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0379/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db6749c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, G. T.","contributorId":49359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Summers, R.M.","contributorId":9662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summers","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26781,"text":"wri864321 - 1987 - Evaluation of availability of water from drift aquifers near the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa rivers, western Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T10:27:41","indexId":"wri864321","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4321","title":"Evaluation of availability of water from drift aquifers near the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa rivers, western Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Ground-water flow in the confined- and unconfined-drift aquifers near Appleton and Benson, Minnesota, was simulated with a three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow model. Model results indicate that 98 percent of the total inflow to the modeled area is from precipitation. Of the total outflow, 38 percent is ground-water discharge to the Pom me de Terre and Chippewa Rivers, 36 percent is evapotranspiration, 17 percent is ground-water pumpage, and 8 percent is ground-water discharge to the Minnesota River.</p>\n<p>The model was used to simulate the effects of below-normal precipitation (drought) and hypothetical increases in ground-water development. Model results indicate that reduced recharge and increased pumping during a three-year extended drought probably would lower water levels 2 to 6 feet regionally in the surficial aquifer and in the Appleton and Benson-middle aquifers and as much as 11 feet near aquifer boundaries. Ground-water discharge to the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa Rivers in the modeled area probably would be reduced during the simulated drought by 15.2 and 7.4 cubic feet per second, respectively, compared to 1982 conditions. The addition of 30 hypothetical wells in the Benson-middle aquifer near Benson, pumping a total of 810 million gallons per year, resulted in water-level declines of as much as 1.3 and 2.7 feet in the surficial and Benson-middle aquifers, respectively. The addition of 28 hypothetical wells in the Appleton aquifer east and southeast of Appleton, pumping a total of 756 million gallons per year, lowered water levels in the surficial and Appleton confined aquifers as much as 5 feet.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri864321","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa Ground-water Study Steering Committee","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., 1987, Evaluation of availability of water from drift aquifers near the Pomme de Terre and Chippewa rivers, western Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4321, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864321.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4321/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55666,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4321/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.20590209960938,\n              45.13846137581871\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.0205078125,\n              45.122959847191616\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.99441528320312,\n              45.11133093583214\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.96969604492188,\n              45.08709642547449\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.93536376953125,\n              45.07158094070473\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.86944580078125,\n              45.02597983843737\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.2789306640625,\n              45.27681919090837\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.5755615234375,\n              45.53617475484825\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.27456665039062,\n              45.232349197513116\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.20590209960938,\n              45.13846137581871\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fae7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":14783,"text":"ofr87473 - 1987 - Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin; project description","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:59","indexId":"ofr87473","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-473","title":"Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin; project description","docAbstract":"In 1986, the U.S. Geological Survey began a National Water-Quality Assessment program to (1) provide nationally consistent descriptions of the current status of water quality for a large, diverse, and geographically distributed part of the Nation's surface- and ground-water resources; (2) define, where possible, trends in water quality; and (3) identify and describe the relations of both status and trends in water quality to natural factors and the history of land use and land- and waste-management activities. The program is presently in a pilot phase that will test and modify, as necessary, concepts and approaches in preparation for possible full implementation of the program in the future.\r\nThe upper Illinois River basin is one of four basins selected to test the concepts and approaches of the surface-water-quality element of the national program. The basin drains 10,949 square miles of Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin. Three principal tributaries are the Kankakee and Des Plaines Rivers that join to form the Illinois River and the Fox River. Land use is predominantly agricultural; about 75 percent of the basin is cultivated primarily for production of corn and soybeans. About 13 percent of the basin is urban area, most of which is located in the Chicago metropolitan area. The population of the basin is about 7 million. About 6 million people live in the Des Plaines River basin.\r\n\r\nMany water-quality issues in the upper Illinois River basin are related to sediment, nutrients, potentially toxic inorganic and organic constituents, and to water-management practices. Occurrence of sediment and the chemical constituents in the rivers and lakes within the basin has the potential to adversely affect the water's suitability for aquatic life, recreation, or, through the consumption of fish, human health.\r\n\r\nThe upper Illinois River basin project consists of five major activities. The first activity--analysis of existing information and preparation of a report that describes recent water-quality conditions and trends--is currently underway. The second activity--fixed-station water-quality sampling at eight stations--began in April 1987 and will last at least 3 years. Water-quality data collected at these stations will be used to determine the frequency of occurrence of constituent concentrations, their annual and seasonal loads, and time trends in concentrations for a selected number of constituents. The third activity will be synoptic water-quality studies. Each study will involve sampling many sites at specific flow conditions and for selected water-quality constituents. Information gained from these studies will supplement informa tion gained from fixed-station sampling. A synoptic study of streambed sediments is tentatively planned for the summer of 1987 to describe the occurrence and distribution of trace elements in the basin. The fourth activity will consist of one or more topical subbasin or river-reach studies. The purpose of such studies is to better define certain water-quality conditions in specific areas and gain an understanding of the processes affecting the observed conditions. The fifth activity is the preparation of reports that will describe results from each of the first four activities.\r\n\r\nQuality assurance and coordination are being provided at both the national and pilot-project levels. A technical quality-assurance plan that addresses all aspects of sample collection, analysis, and reporting is being prepared at the national level. This plan will be appended as needed at the pilot-project level. A National Coordinating Work Group that functions under the auspices of the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data and the Advisory Committee on Water Data for Public Use has been established at the national level. A local liaison committee consisting of representatives from Federal, State, and local agencies has been established to enhance communication and to ensure that the scientific information produced by the","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr87473","usgsCitation":"Mades, D., 1987, Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin; project description: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-473, iv, 35 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87473.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0473/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43552,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0473/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a413","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mades, D. M.","contributorId":40230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mades","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":12175,"text":"ofr87486 - 1987 - Modelos de yacimientos minerales (Mineral deposit models)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T17:56:31","indexId":"ofr87486","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-486","title":"Modelos de yacimientos minerales (Mineral deposit models)","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"Spanish","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr87486","usgsCitation":"1987, Modelos de yacimientos minerales (Mineral deposit models): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-486, 514 p. :ill. ;30 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87486.","productDescription":"514 p. :ill. ;30 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0486/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40212,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0486/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699746","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cox, Dennis P. dcox@usgs.gov","contributorId":2766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Dennis","email":"dcox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":731023,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":731024,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodriguez, Eduardo A.","contributorId":83540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Eduardo","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731025,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}}
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