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G.","contributorId":93929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, R.G.","contributorId":93121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eddins, W.H.","contributorId":47796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eddins","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rinehardt, J.F.","contributorId":6522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinehardt","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":17301,"text":"ofr89652 - 1989 - Listing of geochemical data, and assessment of variability for plants and soils at the Kendrick Reclamation Project area, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:28","indexId":"ofr89652","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-652","title":"Listing of geochemical data, and assessment of variability for plants and soils at the Kendrick Reclamation Project area, Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89652","usgsCitation":"Severson, R.C., Erdman, J.A., Crock, J., and Harms, T.F., 1989, Listing of geochemical data, and assessment of variability for plants and soils at the Kendrick Reclamation Project area, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-652, 65 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89652.","productDescription":"65 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0652/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46436,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0652/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Severson, R. C.","contributorId":46498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erdman, J. A.","contributorId":59786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crock, J.G.","contributorId":58236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crock","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harms, T. F.","contributorId":76752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harms","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":20777,"text":"ofr9038 - 1989 - Seismic-reflection and echo-sounder data from R/V FARNELLA cruise FRNL85-4 in the Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Exclusive Economic Zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T19:11:07","indexId":"ofr9038","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-38","title":"Seismic-reflection and echo-sounder data from R/V FARNELLA cruise FRNL85-4 in the Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Exclusive Economic Zone","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9038","usgsCitation":"Scanlon, K.M., 1989, Seismic-reflection and echo-sounder data from R/V FARNELLA cruise FRNL85-4 in the Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Exclusive Economic Zone: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-38, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9038.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":50327,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0038/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":152535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1990/0038/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb5a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scanlon, Kathryn M.","contributorId":6816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":12458,"text":"ofr89555 - 1989 - Nonlinear least-squares inversion of infinite line source data (program NLSINF)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:33","indexId":"ofr89555","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-555","title":"Nonlinear least-squares inversion of infinite line source data (program NLSINF)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89555","usgsCitation":"Anderson, W., 1989, Nonlinear least-squares inversion of infinite line source data (program NLSINF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-555, 30 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89555.","productDescription":"30 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0555/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40715,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0555/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696ffb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, W.L.","contributorId":54584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":17743,"text":"ofr89588 - 1989 - Summary of water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado– Fiscal year 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-03T19:39:07.16162","indexId":"ofr89588","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-588","title":"Summary of water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado– Fiscal year 1989","docAbstract":"The biennial summary of water resources activities in Colorado is presented for fiscal year 1989. The report includes an introduction of these activities and names of the management personnel to whom information requests may be addressed, a summary of the U.S. Geological Survey mission and of the Water Resources Division mission, and a discussion of the water resources in Colorado in fiscal year 1989, including data collection on surface water and groundwater. All current Colorado hydrologic investigations are listed--their problems, objectives, approaches, progress, and plans for fiscal year 1989. A list of current cooperators, for fiscal year 1989 and a list of reports published or released during fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989 also are given. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89588","usgsCitation":"Griffith, P.A., 1989, Summary of water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado– Fiscal year 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-588, Report: iv, 58 p.; 1 Plate: 26.97 × 22.06 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89588.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 58 p.; 1 Plate: 26.97 × 22.06 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392455,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17729.htm"},{"id":46966,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0588/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":46965,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0588/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150055,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0588/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.09423828125,\n              36.98500309285596\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.97509765625,\n              36.98500309285596\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.97509765625,\n              40.9964840143779\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.09423828125,\n              40.9964840143779\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.09423828125,\n              36.98500309285596\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698778","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffith, P. A.","contributorId":20345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28423,"text":"wri884098 - 1989 - Preliminary hydrogeologic evaluation of the Cincinnati Arch region for underground high-level radioactive waste disposal, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T22:06:08.377081","indexId":"wri884098","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4098","title":"Preliminary hydrogeologic evaluation of the Cincinnati Arch region for underground high-level radioactive waste disposal, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio","docAbstract":"<p>Preliminary interpretation of available hydrogeologic data suggests that some areas underlying eastern Indiana, north-central Kentucky, and western Ohio might be worthy of further study regarding the disposal of high-level radioactive waste in Precambrian crystalline rocks buried beneath Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the area. The data indicate that (1) largest areas of deepest potential burial and thickest sedimentary rock cover occur in eastern Indiana; (2) highest concentrations of dissolved solids in the basal sandstone aquifer, suggesting the most restricted circulation, are found in the southern part of the area near the Kentucky-Ohio State line and in southeastern Indiana; (3) largest areas of lowest porosity in the basal sandstone aquifer, low porosity taken as an indicator of the lowest groundwater flow velocity and contaminant migration, are found in northeastern Indiana and northwestern Ohio, central and southeastern Indiana, and central Kentucky; (4) the thickest confining units that directly overlie the basal sandstone aquifer are found in central Kentucky and eastern Indiana where their thickness exceeds 500 ft; (5) steeply dipping faults that form potential hydraulic connections between crystalline rock, the basal sandstone aquifer, and the freshwater circulation system occur on the boundaries of the study area mainly in central Kentucky and central Indiana. Collectively, these data indicate that the hydrogeology of the sedimentary rocks in the western part of the study area is more favorably suited than that in the remainder of the area for the application of the buried crystalline-rock concept.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884098","usgsCitation":"Lloyd, O., and Davis, R.W., 1989, Preliminary hydrogeologic evaluation of the Cincinnati Arch region for underground high-level radioactive waste disposal, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4098, Report: iv, 42 p.; 2 Plates: 19.79 × 33.65 inches and 24.14 × 25.43 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884098.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 42 p.; 2 Plates: 19.79 × 33.65 inches and 24.14 × 25.43 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":57225,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4098/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57224,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4098/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4098/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":396291,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47018.htm"},{"id":57226,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4098/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Cincinnati Arch region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.923828125,\n              37.49229399862877\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.94677734375,\n              37.49229399862877\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.94677734375,\n              41.78769700539063\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.923828125,\n              41.78769700539063\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.923828125,\n              37.49229399862877\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667566","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lloyd, O. B.","contributorId":75189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lloyd","given":"O. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, R. W.","contributorId":93459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":17796,"text":"ofr89409 - 1989 - U.S. Geological Survey second national symposium on Water quality; abstracts of the technical sessions, Orlando, Florida, November 12-17, 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T21:59:48","indexId":"ofr89409","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-409","title":"U.S. Geological Survey second national symposium on Water quality; abstracts of the technical sessions, Orlando, Florida, November 12-17, 1989","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S Geological Survey (USGS) compiled and analyzed existing hydrologic and water-quality data from over 200 stream and estuary stations of the Abemarle-Pamlico estuarine system (A/P) to identify long-term temporal and spatial trends. The dataset included seven stations of the USGS National Stream Quality Accounting Network, two stations of the National Atmospheric Precipitation Deposition monitoring network, stations of the N.C. Department of Natural Resources and Community Development, and stations from 25 reports by individual investigators. Regression-residuals analysis, the seasonal Kendall's Tau test for trends, and graphical analysis using annual box plots were employed to determine trends. Profound change has occurred in the water quality of the A/P area over the last 30 years. Analysis of water-quality data upstream from the estuaries indicates increases of discharge-adjusted values of specific conductance, alkalinity, phosphorous, hardness, chloride, and dissolved solids. In the estuaries, pH is increasing except in the Pamlico River, where it is decreasing. There is a generalized decrease in suspended inorganic material in the system. Salinities are decreasing for sections of the Pamlico River, and increasing for parts of Albemarle Sound. Nitrogen concentrations are decreasing except in the Pamlico River, where they are increasing. Phosphorus concentrations are increasing in the Pamlico River and decreasing elsewhere. Annual average data show that nitrogen is the limiting nutrient in the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers. Phosphorus is limiting in the rest of the area. Chlorophyll-a levels are increasing in parts of the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers and decreasing in parts of the Chowan River. To evaluate the effect of basin characteristics on water quality, linear correlation was used. Agricultural crop variables produced the most correlations with water-quality data. Fertilizer usage had little detectable relation to water quality in the study area. In the section of the Pamlico River near Aurora, relations between employment, road mileages, and water quality indicated effects of development in the area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89409","usgsCitation":"1989, U.S. Geological Survey second national symposium on Water quality; abstracts of the technical sessions, Orlando, Florida, November 12-17, 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-409, 150 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89409.","productDescription":"150 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":47037,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0409/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0409/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6998c5","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Pederson, Gary L.","contributorId":81084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743024,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Martha M.","contributorId":121281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743025,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":17071,"text":"ofr89601B - 1989 - Earthquake data report, January 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-11T14:32:12","indexId":"ofr89601B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-601","chapter":"B","title":"Earthquake data report, January 1989","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, National Earthquake Information Center :Books and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89601B","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"National Earthquake Information Center, 1989, Earthquake data report, January 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-601, 3 computer disks ;5 1/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89601B.","productDescription":"3 computer disks ;5 1/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267210,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0601b/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a8a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"National Earthquake Information Center","contributorId":128066,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"National Earthquake Information Center","id":528998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39648,"text":"pp1403I - 1989 - Geochemistry of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-17T18:52:27.70877","indexId":"pp1403I","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1403","chapter":"I","title":"Geochemistry of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama","docAbstract":"The chemical quality of the ground water in the Floridan aquifer system is determined primarily by mineral-water interaction. However, some changes in water quality have been imposed by development, particularly near coastal pumping centers. A total of 601 chemical analyses, all from different wells, most completed in the upper part of the aquifer system, were used to describe the variations in water chemistry and to study the processes responsible for observed changes. \r\n\r\nThe Floridan aquifer system is a vertically continuous sequence of Tertiary carbonate rocks that are of generally high permeability and are hydraulically connected in varying degrees. The rocks are principally limestone and dolomite, but they grade into limy sands and clays near the aquifer system's updip limits. Major minerals in the aquifer system are calcite, dolomite, and, locally, gypsum or quartz; minor minerals include apatite, glauconite, and clay minerals such as kaolinite and montmorillonite. Trace amounts of metallic oxides or sulfides are present in some areas. \r\n\r\nThe aquifer system consists of the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers, separated in most places by a less permeable confining unit that has highly variable hydraulic properties. Only the Upper Floridan aquifer is present throughout the study area. Freshwater enters the aquifer system in outcrop areas located primarily in central Georgia and north-central Florida. Discharge occurs chiefly to streams and springs and, to a lesser extent, directly into the sea. Most of the flow into and out of the system takes place where it is unconfined or where the upper confining unit is thin. Secondary permeability developed by dissolution of aquifer material is most prominent in these areas of dynamic flow. \r\n\r\nDissolved-solids concentrations in water from the Upper Floridan aquifer generally range from less than 25 milligrams per liter near outcrops to more than 25,000 milligrams per liter along the coasts. The dominant cations in the ground water are Ca2+, Mg2+, and Na+; the dominant anions are HCO3-, Cl-, and SO42-, The concentration of Ca2+ is controlled primarily by calcite saturation. Concentrations of Mg2+, NA+, and Cl- are highest where mixing of freshwater and saltwater occurs. Concentrations of HCO3- reflect the control of calcite solubility. The concentration of SO42- is highest where gypsiferous rock units are present in the aquifer system. \r\n\r\nThe major geochemical processes that occur in the Upper Floridan aquifer, based on water-quality maps and computations using a geochemical model, are (1) dissolution of aquifer minerals toward equilibrium, (2) mixing of ground water with recharge, leakage, or seawater, (3) sulfate reduction, and (4) cation exchange between water and aquifer minerals. \r\n\r\nSimilar processes apparently control minor dissolved constituents, although quantification is difficult with the available data. Statistical tests of available nutrient data indicate that concentrations of N (nitrogen) species in unconfined recharge areas may be increasing over time; more detailed studies of all N species are needed to test this hypothesis, however. Data on trace metals, radionuclides, and man-made organic contaminants are limited. Available data indicate that most freshwater within the Upper Floridan is potable, but detection of pesticides in a few samples indicates that the system is susceptible to contamination from the land surface in some areas, particularly where its upper confining unit is thin or absent. \r\n\r\nGeochemical models were used to examine changes in major chemical elements along selected ground-water paths within the Upper Floridan aquifer. Water in the Upper Floridan aquifer can be categorized into four hydrochemical facies, whose exact distribution is determined by confined or unconfined conditions of the aquifer and by chloride concentrations. The reaction models are considered plausible based on available chemical, isotopic, and hydrologic information, and they","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1403I","usgsCitation":"Geochemistry of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama; 1989; PP; 1403-I; Sprinkle, Craig L.","productDescription":"Report: 105 p.; 9 Plates: 21.00 x 26.30 inches or smaller; Database","numberOfPages":"105","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119386,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":67334,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67325,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"1.64 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67326,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"1.70 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67330,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/plate-6.pdf","text":"Plate 6","size":"1.81 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67331,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/plate-7.pdf","text":"Plate 7","size":"1.76 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67332,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/plate-8.pdf","text":"Plate 8","size":"1.76 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67333,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/plate-9.pdf","text":"Plate 9","size":"1.71 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67328,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/plate-4.pdf","text":"Plate 4","size":"1.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":67327,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","size":"1.82 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":104625,"rank":12,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4840.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4840"},{"id":484733,"rank":13,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4840.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":67329,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1403i/plate-5.pdf","text":"Plate 5","size":"1.78 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Floridan aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.97973632812499,\n              24.577099744289427\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.9140625,\n              24.457150524185852\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.090087890625,\n              24.686952411999155\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.43090820312499,\n              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Warehouse</a></p>","publishedDate":"1989-10-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa650","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sprinkle, Craig L.","contributorId":41802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprinkle","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":17502,"text":"ofr88492 - 1989 - Preliminary analysis of the shallow ground-water system in the vicinity of the Grand Calumet River/Indiana Harbor Canal, northwestern Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-06T16:33:20.898321","indexId":"ofr88492","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-492","title":"Preliminary analysis of the shallow ground-water system in the vicinity of the Grand Calumet River/Indiana Harbor Canal, northwestern Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>The shallow groundwater system in the vicinity of the Grand Calumet River-Indiana Harbor Canal, Indiana was analyzed from June 1985 to May 1986. This analysis was done to obtain detailed information about the physical characteristics of the Calumet aquifer and the shallow groundwater flow system. 36 shallow wells were installed and sediment samples were collected at 26 sites. Water level measurements were made in 45 wells. Data indicate that the aquifer consists of fine-grained to medium-grained sand, locally overlain by slag fill. Aquifer thickness is 0 to 65 ft. This aquifer is underlain by about 100 ft of glacial till and lacustrine clay that overlies carbonate bedrock of Silurian age. Broad, low-relief water table mounds occur between the major surface water drains. The crests of these mounds form major east-west-trending water table divides. Northwest of the Indiana Harbor Canal (IHC), a narrow water table ridge parallels the Lake Michigan shoreline and connects to a somewhat circular, low mound northwest of the IHC. Shallow groundwater generally flows from these water table mounds to the major streams or to Lake Michigan. Groundwater also flows to small ditches, wetlands, and sewer lines. Stream/aquifer relations along the Grand Calumet River/IHC were quite complex. Digital model simulations of a conceptual north-south section near the middle of the study area indicate that discharge of groundwater to small ditches and leaky sewer lines has lowered the water table by several ft from predevelopment levels. Simulations also indicate that downward leakage to the bedrock may have contributed to the decline in the water table.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88492","usgsCitation":"Watson, L.R., Shedlock, R.J., Banaszak, K., Arihood, L.D., and Doss, P.K., 1989, Preliminary analysis of the shallow ground-water system in the vicinity of the Grand Calumet River/Indiana Harbor Canal, northwestern Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-492, iv, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88492.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":408041,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17455.htm"},{"id":46653,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0492/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0492/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Grand Calumet River/Indiana Harbor Canal","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.41615295410155,\n              41.59310776407768\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.30697631835936,\n              41.59310776407768\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.30697631835936,\n              41.65470159090441\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.41615295410155,\n              41.65470159090441\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.41615295410155,\n              41.59310776407768\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67cac0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watson, Lee R.","contributorId":83545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shedlock, R. J.","contributorId":91510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Banaszak, K. J.","contributorId":34935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banaszak","given":"K. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arihood, L. D. 0000-0001-5792-3699","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-3699","contributorId":74388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arihood","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doss, P. K.","contributorId":22788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doss","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":47477,"text":"b1875B - 1989 - North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States west of 96 degrees West longitude (including Hawaii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:47","indexId":"b1875B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1875","chapter":"B","title":"North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States west of 96 degrees West longitude (including Hawaii)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b1875B","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1989, North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States west of 96 degrees West longitude (including Hawaii): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1875, p. B1-B431, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1875B.","productDescription":"p. B1-B431","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1875b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84416,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1875b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696daf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":47476,"text":"b1875A - 1989 - North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States east of 96 degrees West longitude, Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:24","indexId":"b1875A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1875","chapter":"A","title":"North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States east of 96 degrees West longitude, Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b1875A","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1989, North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States east of 96 degrees West longitude, Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1875, p. A1-A351, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1875A.","productDescription":"p. A1-A351","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1875a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84415,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1875a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696db4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":47508,"text":"b1866B - 1989 - Statistical analysis of compositional data from Desmoinesian sandstones in Oklahoma","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47508,"text":"b1866B - 1989 - Statistical analysis of compositional data from Desmoinesian sandstones in Oklahoma","indexId":"b1866B","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Statistical analysis of compositional data from Desmoinesian sandstones in Oklahoma"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33238,"text":"b1866 - 1989 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Anadarko Basin","indexId":"b1866","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Anadarko Basin"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":33238,"text":"b1866 - 1989 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Anadarko Basin","indexId":"b1866","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Anadarko Basin"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T14:45:44","indexId":"b1866B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1866","chapter":"B","title":"Statistical analysis of compositional data from Desmoinesian sandstones in Oklahoma","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b1866B","usgsCitation":"Dyman, T.S., 1989, Statistical analysis of compositional data from Desmoinesian sandstones in Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1866, p. B1-B12; illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1866B.","productDescription":"p. B1-B12; illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1866b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84450,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1866b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3c60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dyman, Thaddeus S.","contributorId":83971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyman","given":"Thaddeus","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30547,"text":"wri874178 - 1989 - Aquifers in Cretaceous rocks of the central Coastal Plain of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-04T00:26:17.399556","indexId":"wri874178","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4178","title":"Aquifers in Cretaceous rocks of the central Coastal Plain of North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>Aquifers in rocks of Cretaceous age are the major source of groundwater for public supplies in the central Coastal Plain. These aquifers consist of sand, gravel, and limestone beds of the Peedee, Black Creek, and the upper and lower Cape Fear aquifers, each separated by a confining unit composed of clay and silt beds. The aquifers and confining units (1) rest upon crystalline basement rocks; (2) dip and thicken to the east-southeast; and (3) are overlain by younger aquifers and confining units in deposits of Quaternary and Tertiary age. The top of the uppermost aquifer, the Peedee, ranges from 122 ft above to 595 ft below sea level. The maximum thickness of all aquifers and confining units in Cretaceous rocks is more than 1,600 ft. </p><p>Aquifers and confining units were defined and correlated for this report using 125 geophysical logs and accompanying drillers' logs, water level data, and water quality information regarding chloride concentrations in water. This analysis allowed the construction of seven hydrogeologic cross sections that depict the continuity of all the aquifers and confining units. These cross sections also show water levels and chloride concentrations in water from various test intervals and describe where chloride concentration in water exceeds 250 mg/L within each aquifer. </p><p>Detailed maps of each Cretaceous aquifer show altitude of its top, thickness, areas of selected sand percentages, transition zones from fresh to saltwater, and the thickness of the confining unit. H<span>ydrogeologic data for all </span><span>aquifers and confining units are presented in tabular form.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri874178","usgsCitation":"Winner, M.D., and Lyke, W., 1989, Aquifers in Cretaceous rocks of the central Coastal Plain of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4178, Report: v, 71 p.; 20 Plates: 34.00 x 24.96 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874178.","productDescription":"Report: v, 71 p.; 20 Plates: 34.00 x 24.96 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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D. Jr.","contributorId":51766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winner","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyke, W.L.","contributorId":75551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyke","given":"W.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":17674,"text":"ofr89193 - 1989 - Shawangunk ore district, New York; geochemical and spectral data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:23","indexId":"ofr89193","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-193","title":"Shawangunk ore district, New York; geochemical and spectral data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89193","usgsCitation":"Friedman, J.D., Mutschler, F., Zartman, R., Briggs, P., Swayze, G., and Thiesen, A., 1989, Shawangunk ore district, New York; geochemical and spectral data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-193, 92 p. :chiefly ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89193.","productDescription":"92 p. :chiefly ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0193/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46899,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0193/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f404c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, Jules D.","contributorId":79464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jules","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mutschler, F.E.","contributorId":43341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mutschler","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zartman, R. E.","contributorId":15632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swayze, G.A. 0000-0002-1814-7823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":21570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thiesen, A.F.","contributorId":106923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiesen","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":53796,"text":"ofr89519 - 1989 - Review of Edgematching Procedures for Digital Cartographic Data Used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:45","indexId":"ofr89519","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-519","title":"Review of Edgematching Procedures for Digital Cartographic Data Used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr89519","usgsCitation":"Nebert, D.D., 1989, Review of Edgematching Procedures for Digital Cartographic Data Used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-519, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89519.","productDescription":"15 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":175174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0519/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87787,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0519/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604242","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nebert, Douglas D. ddnebert@usgs.gov","contributorId":3629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nebert","given":"Douglas","email":"ddnebert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":248380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":17428,"text":"ofr89587 - 1989 - National Water Information System user's manual; Volume 2, Chapter 4, Ground-Water Site Inventory system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-29T16:23:52","indexId":"ofr89587","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-587","title":"National Water Information System user's manual; Volume 2, Chapter 4, Ground-Water Site Inventory system","docAbstract":"<p>The Ground-Water Site Inventory (GWSI) System is a groundwater data storage and retrieval system that is part of the National Water Information System developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The National Water Information System is a distributed water data base in which data can be processed over a network of minicomputers at U.S. Geological Survey offices throughout the United States. This system comprises the Automated DAta Processing System, the GWSI System, the Quality of Water System, and the Water-Use Data System. </p><p>The Ground-Water Site Inventory System provides for entering new sites, updating existing sites within the local data base, and updating the Water Data Storage and Retrieval System (WATSTORE), which is the national data base. In addition, the GWSI System provides for retrieving and displaying ground-water and surface-water data stored in the local data base. Finally, the GWSI System provides for routine maintenance of the local and national data files. This manual contains instructions for users of the System and discusses the general operating procedures for the programs found within the main menu.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89587","usgsCitation":"1989, National Water Information System user's manual; Volume 2, Chapter 4, Ground-Water Site Inventory system: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-587, 294 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89587.","productDescription":"294 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":46570,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0587/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.79 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":149304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0587/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db69838a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Mathey, Sharon B.","contributorId":107980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathey","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749250,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":49123,"text":"ofr89566A - 1989 - OREDATA : a PC database of optical properties of the opaque minerals, Part A - Program documentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:44","indexId":"ofr89566A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-566","chapter":"A","title":"OREDATA : a PC database of optical properties of the opaque minerals, Part A - Program documentation","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr89566A","usgsCitation":"Gerlitz, C.N., Selner, G.I., and Whelan, J.F., 1989, OREDATA : a PC database of optical properties of the opaque minerals, Part A - Program documentation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-566, i, 7 leaves ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89566A.","productDescription":"i, 7 leaves ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0566a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":85926,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0566a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6965e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerlitz, Carol N.","contributorId":65128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerlitz","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selner, Gary I.","contributorId":42254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selner","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whelan, Joseph F.","contributorId":29792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":18845,"text":"ofr89582 - 1989 - Streamflow, specific-conductance, and temperature data for Bayou and Little Bayou Creeks near Paducah, Kentucky, August 15 and 16, 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:28","indexId":"ofr89582","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-582","title":"Streamflow, specific-conductance, and temperature data for Bayou and Little Bayou Creeks near Paducah, Kentucky, August 15 and 16, 1989","docAbstract":"Discharge, temperature, and specific conductance measurements were made August 15 and 16, 1989, at 74 main channel sites and seven flowing tributaries on Bayou and Little Bayou Creeks, Kentucky in the vicinity of the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant. These measurements were made during base flow conditions to provide data for analysis of the interaction of surface and groundwater. The discharge of Bayou Creek was 0.30 cfs at the most upstream site, and 5.8 cfs at the most downstream site. Total measured tributary inflow of Bayou Creek was 5.7 cfs. Specific conductance values in the Bayou Creek watershed ranged from 208 to 489 microsiemens/cm, and water temperature ranged from 20.0 to 32.6 C. The discharge of Little Bayou Creek was 0.65 cfs at the most upstream site, and 1.8 cfs at the most downstream site. Total measured tributary inflow of Little Bayou Creek was 0.38 cfs. Specific conductance values in the Little Bayou Creek watershed ranged from 211 to 272 microsiemens/cm, and water temperature ranged from 14.5 to 24.9 C. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Sections [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89582","usgsCitation":"Evaldi, R., and McClain, D., 1989, Streamflow, specific-conductance, and temperature data for Bayou and Little Bayou Creeks near Paducah, Kentucky, August 15 and 16, 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-582, iv, 19 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89582.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0582/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48237,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0582/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evaldi, R. D.","contributorId":93909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evaldi","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":179845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClain, D.L.","contributorId":72402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClain","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20129,"text":"ofr89261 - 1989 - Cyclic injection, storage, and withdrawal of heated water in a sandstone aquifer at St. Paul, Minnesota: Field observations, preliminary model analysis, and aquifer thermal efficiency","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-19T10:20:50","indexId":"ofr89261","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-261","title":"Cyclic injection, storage, and withdrawal of heated water in a sandstone aquifer at St. Paul, Minnesota: Field observations, preliminary model analysis, and aquifer thermal efficiency","docAbstract":"<p>In May 1980, the University of Minnesota began a project to evaluate the feasibility of storing heated (150 &deg;C (degree Celsius)) water in the deep (180 to 240 m (meters)) Franconia-Ironton-Galesville aquifer and later recovering it for space heating. The Aquifer Thermal-Energy Storage (ATES) system was doublet-well design in which the injection/withdrawal wells were spaced approximately 250 m apart. High-temperature water from the University's steam-generation facilities supplied heat for injection. Water was pumped from one of the wells through a heat exchanger, where heat was added or removed. Water then was injected back into the aquifer through the other well. The experimental plan for testing the ATES system consisted of a series of short-term hot-water injection, storage, and withdrawal cycles. Each cycle was 24-days long, and each injection, storage, and withdrawal step of the cycle was 8 days.</p>\n<p>The Franconia-Ironton-Galesville aquifer is a consolidated sandstone, approximately 60 m thick, the top of which is approximately 180 m below the land surface. It is confined above by the St. Lawrence Formation--a dolomitic sandstone 8-m thick--and below by the Eau Claire Formation--a shale 30-m thick. Initial hydraulic testing with inflatable packers indicated that the aquifer has four hydraulic zones with distinctly different values of relative horizontal hydraulic conductivity. The thickness of each zone was determined by correlating data from geophysical logs, core samples, and the inflatablepacker tests.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr89261","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Minnesota and the Minnesota Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.T., 1989, Cyclic injection, storage, and withdrawal of heated water in a sandstone aquifer at St. Paul, Minnesota: Field observations, preliminary model analysis, and aquifer thermal efficiency: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-261, viii, 97 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89261.","productDescription":"viii, 97 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":153231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0261/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49670,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0261/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"St. Paul","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.23410034179688,\n              44.83736927811443\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.23410034179688,\n              45.023067895446175\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.92922973632812,\n              45.023067895446175\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.92922973632812,\n              44.83736927811443\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.23410034179688,\n              44.83736927811443\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67eb9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Robert T.","contributorId":91892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":17870,"text":"ofr89591 - 1989 - Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Montana, October 1987 through September 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:20","indexId":"ofr89591","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-591","title":"Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Montana, October 1987 through September 1989","docAbstract":"Water resources programs and activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Montana consist principally of hydrological data collection and local, areal, or statewide hydrologic investigations. The work is supported by direct Federal funding, by transfer of funds from other Federal agencies, and by joint funding agreements with State or local agencies. The Montana District of the Geological Survey 's Water Resources Division conducts its hydrologic work through a headquarters office in Helena, and field offices in Helena, Billings, Fort Peck and Kalispell. This report describes the eighteen projects funded for fiscal years 1988 and 1989. In addition, it describes the operations of the Montana District, water conditions during water year 1988, activities in addition to regular programs, sources of publications and information, and lists reports published or released during the preceding 5 years. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-file reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr89591","usgsCitation":"Thamke, J.N., 1989, Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Montana, October 1987 through September 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-591, iv, 78 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89591.","productDescription":"iv, 78 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0591/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47108,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0591/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699607","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thamke, J. N. (compiler)","contributorId":75952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thamke","given":"J.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":57377,"text":"wdrTX881 - 1989 - Water resources data for Texas, water year 1988, volume 1. Arkansas River, Red River, Sabine River, Neches River, Trinity River basins, and intervening and adjacent coastal basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T20:27:34.853145","indexId":"wdrTX881","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"TX-88-1","title":"Water resources data for Texas, water year 1988, volume 1. 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,{"id":55702,"text":"wdrMO881 - 1989 - Water resources data, Missouri, water year 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-22T14:18:47","indexId":"wdrMO881","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MO-88-1","title":"Water resources data, Missouri, water year 1988","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrMO881","usgsCitation":"Waite, L., Davis, J.V., Reed, H., Hatten, D., and Perkins, T., 1989, Water resources data, Missouri, water year 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MO-88-1, x, 290 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMO881.","productDescription":"x, 290 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369476,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1988/mo-88-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180747,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1988/mo-88-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.7568359375,\n              35.94243575255426\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.14306640625,\n              35.94243575255426\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.14306640625,\n              40.56389453066509\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.7568359375,\n              40.56389453066509\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.7568359375,\n              35.94243575255426\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f1119","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, L.A.","contributorId":40995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Jerri V. jdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":99149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Jerri","email":"jdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, H.L.","contributorId":14886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatten, D.O.","contributorId":29057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatten","given":"D.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perkins, T.J.","contributorId":76815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":26231,"text":"wri884211 - 1989 - Relation of ground-water quality to land use in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-Camden, New Jersey area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-29T18:40:14.749232","indexId":"wri884211","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4211","title":"Relation of ground-water quality to land use in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-Camden, New Jersey area","docAbstract":"The distributions of common dissolved constituents, trace metals, and volatile organic compounds in ground water near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Camden, New Jersey, are influenced by local geology and land use. Many common dissolved constituents are more concentrated in ground water beneath urban and industrial areas than in water beneath suburban and undeveloped and agricultural areas. Industrial and urban land uses commonly are situated in the outcrop of the aquifer where vulnerability of ground water to contamination is increased by the lack of overlying confining strata. Ground water beneath undeveloped and agricultural lands is least affected by trace metal or volatile organic contamination, but differences in water quality as related to other land-use categories are less clear and vary according to the chemical constituent considered.\r\n\r\n      Only about 20 percent of all water samples contained detectable concentrations of trace metals or volatile organic compounds; as a result, determinations of relations between water quality and land use are difficult. Variations in detection limits further complicated data interpretation. The proportion of water samples in which concentrations of constituents were below detection compared to water samples in which concentrations were present in detectable amounts is the most useful statistic in determining relations based on trace-metal or volatile organic-compound data. Iron and Manganese concentrations are elevated in water throughout the Coastal Plain aquifer in Pennsylvania, but the elevated concentrations cannot be adequately explained on the basis of land use alone.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884211","usgsCitation":"Blickwedel, R.S., and Wood, C.R., 1989, Relation of ground-water quality to land use in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-Camden, New Jersey area: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4211, vi, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884211.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":405825,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47110.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55030,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4211/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4211/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, Pennsylvania","city":"Camden, Philadelphia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.42938232421875,\n              39.70296052957233\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.84161376953125,\n              39.70296052957233\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.84161376953125,\n              40.143189742924406\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.42938232421875,\n              40.143189742924406\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.42938232421875,\n              39.70296052957233\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606740","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blickwedel, Ray S.","contributorId":23984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blickwedel","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, C. R.","contributorId":100386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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