{"pageNumber":"1471","pageRowStart":"36750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70125372,"text":"70125372 - 2013 - Permeability of roads to movement of scrubland lizards and small mammals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T14:16:00","indexId":"70125372","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Permeability of roads to movement of scrubland lizards and small mammals","docAbstract":"A primary objective of road ecology is to understand and predict how roads affect connectivity of wildlife populations. Road avoidance behavior can fragment populations, whereas lack of road avoidance can result in high mortality due to wildlife-vehicle collisions. Many small animal species focus their activities to particular microhabitats within their larger habitat. We sought to assess how different types of roads affect the movement of small vertebrates and to explore whether responses to roads may be predictable on the basis of animal life history or microhabitat preferences preferences. We tracked the movements of fluorescently marked animals at 24 sites distributed among 3 road types: low-use dirt, low-use secondary paved, and rural 2-lane highway. Most data we collected were on the San Diego pocket mouse (<i>Chaetodipus fallax</i>), cactus mouse (<i>Peromyscus eremicus</i>), western fence lizard (<i>Sceloporus occidentalis</i>), orange-throated whiptail (<i>Aspidoscelis hyperythra</i>), Dulzura kangaroo rat (<i>Dipodomys simulans</i>) (dirt, secondary paved), and deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) (highway only). San Diego pocket mice and cactus mice moved onto dirt roads but not onto a low-use paved road of similar width or onto the highway, indicating they avoidpaved road substrate. Both lizard species moved onto the dirt and secondary paved roads but avoided the rural 2-lane rural highway, indicating they may avoid noise, vibration, or visual disturbance from a steady flow of traffic. Kangaroo rats did not avoid the dirt or secondary paved roads. Overall, dirt and secondary roads were more permeable to species that prefer to forage or bask in open areas of their habitat, rather than under the cover of rocks or shrubs. However, all study species avoided the rural 2-lane highway. Our results suggest that microhabitat use preferences and road substrate help predict species responses to low-use roads,but roads with heavy traffic may deter movement of a much wider range of small animal species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/cobi.12081","usgsCitation":"Brehme, C.S., Tracey, J.A., McClenaghan, L., and Fisher, R.N., 2013, Permeability of roads to movement of scrubland lizards and small mammals: Conservation Biology, v. 27, no. 4, p. 710-720, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12081.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"710","endPage":"720","ipdsId":"IP-042056","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294064,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293964,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12081"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.5959,32.5342 ], [ -117.5959,33.505 ], [ -116.0809,33.505 ], [ -116.0809,32.5342 ], [ -117.5959,32.5342 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa2a4e4b01571b3d51d0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brehme, Cheryl S. 0000-0001-8904-3354 cbrehme@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8904-3354","contributorId":3419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brehme","given":"Cheryl","email":"cbrehme@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tracey, Jeff A. 0000-0002-1619-1054 jatracey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-1054","contributorId":5780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tracey","given":"Jeff","email":"jatracey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McClenaghan, Leroy R.","contributorId":49281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClenaghan","given":"Leroy R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048226,"text":"sir20135149 - 2013 - Geologic framework, structure, and hydrogeologic characteristics of the Knippa Gap area in eastern Uvalde and western Medina Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T13:41:00","indexId":"sir20135149","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T13:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5149","title":"Geologic framework, structure, and hydrogeologic characteristics of the Knippa Gap area in eastern Uvalde and western Medina Counties, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The Edwards aquifer is the primary source of potable water for the San Antonio area in south-central Texas. The Knippa Gap was postulated to channel or restrict flow in the Edwards aquifer in eastern Uvalde County, and its existence was based on a series of numerical simulations of groundwater flow in the aquifer. To better understand the function of the area known as the Knippa Gap as it pertains to its geology and structure, the geologic framework, structure, and hydrogeologic characteristics of the area were evaluated by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers-Fort Worth District.</p>\n<p>The principal structural feature in the San Antonio area is the Balcones Fault Zone, which is the result of Miocene age faulting. In Medina County, the faulting of the Balcones Fault Zone has produced a relay-ramp structure that dips to the southwest from the Edwards aquifer recharge zone and extends westward and below land surface from Seco Creek.</p>\n<p>Groundwater flow paths in the Edwards aquifer are influenced by faulting and geologic structure. Some faults act as barriers to groundwater flow paths where the aquifer is offset by 50 percent or more and result in flow moving parallel to the fault. The effectiveness of a fault as a barrier to flow changes as the amount of fault displacement changes. The structurally complex area of the Balcones Fault Zone contains relay ramps, which form in extensional fault systems to allow for deformation changes along the fault block. In Medina County, the faulting of the Balcones Fault Zone has produced a relay-ramp structure that dips to the southwest from the Edwards aquifer recharge zone. Groundwater moving down the relay ramp in northern Medina County flows downgradient (downdip) to the structural low (trough) from the northeast to the southwest. In Uvalde County, the beds dip from a structural high known as the Uvalde Salient. This results in groundwater moving from the structural high and downgradient (dip) towards a structural low (trough) to the northeast. These two opposing structural dips result in a subsurface structural low (trough) locally referred to as the Knippa Gap. This trough is located in eastern Uvalde County beneath the towns of Knippa and Sabinal.</p>\n<p>By using data that were compiled and collected for this study and previous studies, a revised map was constructed depicting the geologic framework, structure, and hydrogeologic characteristics of the Knippa Gap area in eastern Uvalde and western Medina Counties, Tex. The map also shows the interpreted structural dip directions and interpreted location of a structural low (trough) in the area known as the Knippa Gap.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135149","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Clark, A.K., Pedraza, D.E., and Morris, R., 2013, Geologic framework, structure, and hydrogeologic characteristics of the Knippa Gap area in eastern Uvalde and western Medina Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5149, Report: viii, 36 p.; Plate: 23.00 inches x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135149.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 36 p.; Plate: 23.00 inches x 36.00 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135149.gif"},{"id":277657,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5149/pdf/sir2013-5149_pl1.pdf","text":"Plate 1"},{"id":277655,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5149/pdf/sir2013-5149.pdf"},{"id":277656,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5149/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Medina County, Uvalde County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.47,28.4977 ], [ -100.47,30.2733 ], [ -97.3718,30.2733 ], [ -97.3718,28.4977 ], [ -100.47,28.4977 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52396bf7e4b04b9308ae4e24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Allan K. 0000-0003-0099-1521 akclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-1521","contributorId":1279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Allan","email":"akclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pedraza, Diana E. 0000-0003-4483-8094 dpedraza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4483-8094","contributorId":1281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pedraza","given":"Diana","email":"dpedraza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morris, Robert R. 0000-0001-7504-3732","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7504-3732","contributorId":106213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"Robert R.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125644,"text":"70125644 - 2013 - Host range, host ecology, and distribution of more than 11800 fish parasite species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T13:34:45","indexId":"70125644","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Host range, host ecology, and distribution of more than 11800 fish parasite species","docAbstract":"Our data set includes 38 008 fish parasite records (for Acanthocephala, Cestoda, Monogenea, Nematoda, Trematoda) compiled from the scientific literature, Internet databases, and museum collections paired to the corresponding host ecological, biogeographical, and phylogenetic traits (maximum length, growth rate, life span, age at maturity, trophic level, habitat preference, geographical range size, taxonomy). The data focus on host features, because specific parasite traits are not consistently available across records. For this reason, the data set is intended as a flexible resource able to extend the principles of ecological niche modeling to the host–parasite system, providing researchers with the data to model parasite niches based on their distribution in host species and the associated host features. In this sense, the database offers a framework for testing general ecological, biogeographical, and phylogenetic hypotheses based on the identification of hosts as parasite habitat. Potential applications of the data set are, for example, the investigation of species–area relationships or the taxonomic distribution of host-specificity. The provided host–parasite list is that currently used by Fish Parasite Ecology Software Tool (FishPEST, <a href=\"http://purl.oclc.org/fishpest\" target=\"_blank\">http://purl.oclc.org/fishpest</a>), which is a website that allows researchers to model several aspects of the relationships between fish parasites and their hosts. The database is intended for researchers who wish to have more freedom to analyze the database than currently possible with FishPEST. However, for readers who have not seen FishPEST, we recommend using this as a starting point for interacting with the database.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/12-1419.1","usgsCitation":"Strona, G., Palomares, M.L., Bailly, N., Galli, P., and Lafferty, K.D., 2013, Host range, host ecology, and distribution of more than 11800 fish parasite species: Ecology, v. 94, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1419.1.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"544","ipdsId":"IP-041812","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294025,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-1419.1"}],"volume":"94","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa29ee4b01571b3d51cc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strona, Giovanni","contributorId":62940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strona","given":"Giovanni","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palomares, Maria Lourdes D.","contributorId":16330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palomares","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Lourdes D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailly, Nicholas","contributorId":99902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailly","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galli, Paolo","contributorId":89459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galli","given":"Paolo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70125651,"text":"70125651 - 2013 - Parasites in marine food webs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T13:12:04","indexId":"70125651","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T13:10:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parasites in marine food webs","docAbstract":"Most species interactions probably involve parasites. This review considers the extent to which marine ecologists should consider parasites to fully understand marine communities. Parasites are influential parts of food webs in estuaries, temperate reefs, and coral reefs, but their ecological importance is seldom recognized. Though difficult to observe, parasites can have substantial biomass, and they can be just as common as free-living consumers after controlling for body mass and trophic level. Parasites have direct impacts on the energetics of their hosts and some affect host behaviors, with ecosystem-level consequences. Although they cause disease, parasites are sensitive components of ecosystems. In particular, they suffer secondary extinctions due to biodiversity loss. Some parasites can also return to a system after habitat restoration. For these reasons, parasites can make good indicators of ecosystem integrity. Fishing can indirectly increase or decrease parasite populations and the effects of climate change on parasites are likely to be equally as complex.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Marine Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of  Miami","doi":"10.5343/bms.2011.1124","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., 2013, Parasites in marine food webs: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 89, no. 1, p. 123-134, https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2011.1124.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"134","ipdsId":"IP-036878","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294055,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294037,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2011.1124"}],"volume":"89","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa2a3e4b01571b3d51cff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70125650,"text":"70125650 - 2013 - Predicting what helminth parasites a fish species should have using Parasite Co-occurrence Modeler (PaCo)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T13:09:20","indexId":"70125650","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T13:04:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting what helminth parasites a fish species should have using Parasite Co-occurrence Modeler (PaCo)","docAbstract":"Fish pathologists are often interested in which parasites would likely be present in a particular host. Parasite Co-occurrence Modeler (PaCo) is a tool for identifying a list of parasites known from fish species that are similar ecologically, phylogenetically, and geographically to the host of interest. PaCo uses data from FishBase (maximum length, growth rate, life span, age at maturity, trophic level, phylogeny, and biogeography) to estimate compatibility between a target host and parasite species–genera from the major helminth groups (Acanthocephala, Cestoda, Monogenea, Nematoda, and Trematoda). Users can include any combination of host attributes in a model. These unique features make PaCo an innovative tool for addressing both theoretical and applied questions in parasitology. In addition to predicting the occurrence of parasites, PaCo can be used to investigate how host characteristics shape parasite communities. To test the performance of the PaCo algorithm, we created 12,400 parasite lists by applying any possible combination of model parameters (248) to 50 fish hosts. We then measured the relative importance of each parameter by assessing their frequency in the best models for each host. Host phylogeny and host geography were identified as the most important factors, with both present in 88% of the best models. Habitat (64%) was identified in more than half of the best models. Among ecological parameters, trophic level (41%) was the most relevant while life span (34%), growth rate (32%), maximum length (28%), and age at maturity (20%) were less commonly linked to best models. PaCo is free to use at <a href=\"www.purl.oclc.org/fishpest\" target=\"_blank\">www.purl.oclc.org/fishpest</a>.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Parasitology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","doi":"10.1645/GE-3147.1","usgsCitation":"Strona, G., and Lafferty, K.D., 2013, Predicting what helminth parasites a fish species should have using Parasite Co-occurrence Modeler (PaCo): Journal of Parasitology, v. 99, no. 1, p. 6-10, https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-3147.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-038365","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294036,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-3147.1"}],"volume":"99","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa2a6e4b01571b3d51d13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strona, Giovanni","contributorId":62940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strona","given":"Giovanni","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70125646,"text":"70125646 - 2013 - Biodiversity and disease: a synthesis of ecological perspectives on Lyme disease transmission.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T13:02:04","indexId":"70125646","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biodiversity and disease: a synthesis of ecological perspectives on Lyme disease transmission.","docAbstract":"Recent reviews have argued that disease control is among the ecosystem services yielded by biodiversity. Lyme disease (LD) is commonly cited as the best example of the ‘diluting’ effect of biodiversity on disease transmission, but many studies document the opposite relationship, showing that human LD risk can increase with forestation. Here, we unify these divergent perspectives and find strong evidence for a positive link between biodiversity and LD at broad spatial scales (urban to suburban to rural) and equivocal evidence for a negative link between biodiversity and LD at varying levels of biodiversity within forests. This finding suggests that, across zoonotic disease agents, the biodiversity–disease relationship is scale dependent and complex.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2012.10.011","usgsCitation":"Wood, C., and Lafferty, K.D., 2013, Biodiversity and disease: a synthesis of ecological perspectives on Lyme disease transmission.: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 28, no. 4, p. 239-247, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2012.10.011.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"247","ipdsId":"IP-039297","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294053,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294028,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2012.10.011"}],"volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa298e4b01571b3d51c96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Chelsea L.","contributorId":36866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Chelsea L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048212,"text":"70048212 - 2013 - The relationship of blue crab abundance to winter mortality of Whooping Cranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T13:02:29","indexId":"70048212","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T12:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relationship of blue crab abundance to winter mortality of Whooping Cranes","docAbstract":"We sampled blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) numbers in marshes on the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, Texas from 1998-2006, while simultaneously censusing the wintering population of Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) on the refuge and surrounding habitats. This was done to determine whether mortality of wintering Whooping Cranes was related to the availability of this food source. Yearly variation in crab numbers was high, ranging from a low of 0.1 crabs to a high of 3.4 crabs per 100-m transect section. Significant non-linear increases in both juvenile and adult mortality in relation to decreasing crab abundance was observed. Results suggest that some threshold of crab abundance exists in which Whooping Cranes have higher survival on their wintering grounds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/12-159.1","usgsCitation":"Pugesek, B.H., Baldwin, M., and Stehn, T., 2013, The relationship of blue crab abundance to winter mortality of Whooping Cranes: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 125, no. 3, p. 658-661, https://doi.org/10.1676/12-159.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"658","endPage":"661","numberOfPages":"4","temporalStart":"1998-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-038292","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277608,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/12-159.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Aransas National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.994183,28.058774 ], [ -96.994183,28.530401 ], [ -96.388756,28.530401 ], [ -96.388756,28.058774 ], [ -96.994183,28.058774 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"125","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52396bfbe4b04b9308ae4e40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pugesek, Bruce H.","contributorId":22668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugesek","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldwin, Michael J. 0000-0003-1939-5439 baldwinm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1939-5439","contributorId":3294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Michael J.","email":"baldwinm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stehn, Thomas","contributorId":31295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehn","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048198,"text":"70048198 - 2013 - Semiautomated tremor detection using a combined cross-correlation and neural network approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-23T14:42:43","indexId":"70048198","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Semiautomated tremor detection using a combined cross-correlation and neural network approach","docAbstract":"Despite observations of tectonic tremor in many locations around the globe, the emergent phase arrivals, low‒amplitude waveforms, and variable event durations make automatic detection a nontrivial task. In this study, we employ a new method to identify tremor in large data sets using a semiautomated technique. The method first reduces the data volume with an envelope cross‒correlation technique, followed by a Self‒Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm to identify and classify event types. The method detects tremor in an automated fashion after calibrating for a specific data set, hence we refer to it as being “semiautomated”. We apply the semiautomated detection algorithm to a newly acquired data set of waveforms from a temporary deployment of 13 seismometers near Cholame, California, from May 2010 to July 2011. We manually identify tremor events in a 3 week long test data set and compare to the SOM output and find a detection accuracy of 79.5%. Detection accuracy improves with increasing signal‒to‒noise ratios and number of available stations. We find detection completeness of 96% for tremor events with signal‒to‒noise ratios above 3 and optimal results when data from at least 10 stations are available. We compare the SOM algorithm to the envelope correlation method of Wech and Creager and find the SOM performs significantly better, at least for the data set examined here. Using the SOM algorithm, we detect 2606 tremor events with a cumulative signal duration of nearly 55 h during the 13 month deployment. Overall, the SOM algorithm is shown to be a flexible new method that utilizes characteristics of the waveforms to identify tremor from noise or other seismic signals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/jgrb.50345","usgsCitation":"Horstmann, T., Harrington, R., and Cochran, E.S., 2013, Semiautomated tremor detection using a combined cross-correlation and neural network approach: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 118, no. 9, p. 4827-4846, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50345.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"4827","endPage":"4846","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-045090","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50345","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":277626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277601,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50345"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cholame","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.6,35.6 ], [ -120.6,36.0 ], [ -120.0,36.0 ], [ -120.0,35.6 ], [ -120.6,35.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"118","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52396bfae4b04b9308ae4e38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horstmann, Tobias","contributorId":53683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horstmann","given":"Tobias","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrington, Rebecca M.","contributorId":71089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"Rebecca M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125709,"text":"70125709 - 2013 - Recovery of a top predator mediates negative eutrophic effects on seagrass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T11:12:10","indexId":"70125709","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T11:07:04","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recovery of a top predator mediates negative eutrophic effects on seagrass","docAbstract":"A fundamental goal of the study of ecology is to determine the drivers of habitat-forming vegetation, with much emphasis given to the relative importance to vegetation of “bottom-up” forces such as the role of nutrients and “top-down” forces such as the influence of herbivores and their predators. For coastal vegetation (e.g., kelp, seagrass, marsh, and mangroves) it has been well demonstrated that alterations to bottom-up forcing can cause major disturbances leading to loss of dominant vegetation. One such process is anthropogenic nutrient loading, which can lead to major changes in the abundance and species composition of primary producers, ultimately affecting important ecosystem services. In contrast, much less is known about the relative importance of apex predators on coastal vegetated ecosystems because most top predator populations have been depleted or lost completely. Here we provide evidence that an unusual four-level trophic cascade applies in one such system, whereby a top predator mitigates the bottom-up influences of nutrient loading. In a study of seagrass beds in an estuarine ecosystem exposed to extreme nutrient loading, we use a combination of a 50-y time series analysis, spatial comparisons, and mesocosm and field experiments to demonstrate that sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) promote the growth and expansion of eelgrass (<i>Zostera marina</i>) through a trophic cascade, counteracting the negative effects of agriculturally induced nutrient loading. Our results add to a small but growing body of literature illustrating that significant interactions between bottom-up and top-down forces occur, in this case with consequences for the conservation of valued ecosystem services provided by seagrass.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1302805110","usgsCitation":"Hughes, B., Eby, R., Van Dyke, E., Tinker, M.T., Marks, C.I., Johnson, K., and Wasson, K., 2013, Recovery of a top predator mediates negative eutrophic effects on seagrass: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 110, no. 38, p. 15313-15318, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1302805110.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"15313","endPage":"15318","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-050808","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473540,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1302805110","text":"External Repository"},{"id":294130,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294068,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1302805110"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.806236,36.796855 ], [ -121.806236,36.814723 ], [ -121.774222,36.814723 ], [ -121.774222,36.796855 ], [ -121.806236,36.796855 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"110","issue":"38","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541bf44de4b0e96537ddf825","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hughes, Brent B.","contributorId":23463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Brent B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eby, Ron","contributorId":92595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eby","given":"Ron","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Dyke, Eric","contributorId":57384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Dyke","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marks, Corina I.","contributorId":13558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marks","given":"Corina","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Kenneth S.","contributorId":31541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kenneth S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wasson, Kerstin","contributorId":8398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wasson","given":"Kerstin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70125370,"text":"70125370 - 2013 - Two new species of <i>Isospora</i> (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from skinks <i>Emoia</i> spp. (Sauria: Scincidae), from Fiji and Papua New Guinea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T10:46:19","indexId":"70125370","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T10:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two new species of <i>Isospora</i> (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from skinks <i>Emoia</i> spp. (Sauria: Scincidae), from Fiji and Papua New Guinea","docAbstract":"Between September and October 1991 and again during September 1992, skinks (<i>Emoia</i> spp.) were collected from various localities on Fiji and Papua New Guinea (PNG) and examined for coccidians. One of 4 (25%) De Vis' emo skinks (<i>Emoia pallidiceps</i>) from PNG harbored an undescribed species of <i>Isospora</i> in its feces. Oocysts of <i>Isospora grinbikpelapalai</i> n. sp. were ellipsoidal to subspheroidal, 18.1 × 14.9 (17–20 × 14–16) μm, with a bilayered wall and a length/width index (L/W) of 1.2. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a prominent polar granule was present. Sporocysts were ovoidal, 10.7 × 7.6 (10–11 × 7–8) μm, with a L/W index of 1.4. Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies were present, but para-Stieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum consisted of large scattered globules dispersed between sporozoites. Sporozoites were elongate with spheroidal anterior and posterior refractile bodies. <i>Isospora grinbikpelapalai</i> was also found in 1 of 2 (50%) Pope's emo skinks (<i>Emoia popei</i>) from PNG. One of 13 (8%) white-bellied copper-striped skinks (<i>Emoia cyanura</i>), from Fiji, was passing another undescribed species of <i>Isospora</i> in its feces. Oocysts of <i>Isospora casei</i> n. sp. were elongate, 31.8 × 21.3 (28–35 × 18–24) μm, with a bilayered wall and a L/W index of 1.5. Micropyle, oocyst residuum, and polar granule were all absent. Sporocysts were ovoidal, 15.3 × 10.6 (14–16 × 10–12) μm, with a L/W index of 1.4. Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies were present, but para-Stieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum consisted of scattered globules among sporozoites or as a cluster surrounding sporozoites. Sporozoites were elongate with spheroidal anterior and posterior refractile bodies. <i>Isospora casei</i> was also found in 1 of 2 (50%) Fiji slender treeskinks (<i>Emoia concolor</i>) from Fiji. This represents the first report of coccidia from <i>Emoia</i> spp. and, to our knowledge, the initial documentation of reptilian coccidia from herpetofauna from Papua New Guinea.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Parasitology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","doi":"10.1645/12-171.1","usgsCitation":"McAllister, C.T., Duszynski, D.W., and Fisher, R.N., 2013, Two new species of <i>Isospora</i> (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from skinks <i>Emoia</i> spp. (Sauria: Scincidae), from Fiji and Papua New Guinea: Journal of Parasitology, v. 99, no. 4, p. 677-679, https://doi.org/10.1645/12-171.1.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"677","endPage":"679","ipdsId":"IP-045072","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294030,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293962,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1645/12-171.1"}],"country":"Fiji;Papa New Guinea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 140.84,-20.67 ], [ 140.84,-0.87 ], [ -178.23,-0.87 ], [ -178.23,-20.67 ], [ 140.84,-20.67 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"99","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa2aae4b01571b3d51d38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAllister, Chris T.","contributorId":22704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAllister","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duszynski, Donald W.","contributorId":87869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duszynski","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048215,"text":"fs20133083 - 2013 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T16:07:48","indexId":"fs20133083","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T10:35:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3083","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Alaska, elevation data are critical for aviation navigation and safety, natural resources conservation, oil and gas resources, flood risk management, geologic resource assessment and hazards mitigation, forest resources management, and other business uses. Today, high-quality light detection and ranging (lidar) data and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and datasets. Federal, State, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data, on a national basis, that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist.</p>\n<p>Recent mapping information for the majority of land in Alaska is not available because clouds, smoke, and remoteness have hampered data collection. Lidar data have been collected only at selected coastal areas, cities, refuges, and parks. Within the last decade, ifsar technology has become the most effective tool for overcoming the challenges to acquiring elevation data for Alaska because this technology can penetrate clouds. State efforts for the collection of ifsar data are being coordinated through Alaska&rsquo;s Statewide Digital Mapping Initiative (SDMI), a cooperative program implemented across six State of Alaska departments and the University of Alaska. Federal efforts are coordinated through the Alaska Mapping Executive Committee (AMEC), chaired by the Department of the Interior with membership from 15 Federal agencies and representatives from the State of Alaska.</p>\n<p>Coordination by SDMI and AMEC avoids duplication of effort and ensures a unified approach to consistent, statewide data acquisition; the enhancement of existing data; and support for emerging applications. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other three-dimensional representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133083","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2013, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3083, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133083.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133083.PNG"},{"id":277617,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3083/pdf/fs2013-3083.pdf","text":"Report","size":"271 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Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70125480,"text":"70125480 - 2013 - High prevalence of cestodes in <i>Artemia</i> spp. throughout the annual cycle: relationship with abundance of avian final hosts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T10:36:07","indexId":"70125480","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T10:28:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3012,"text":"Parasitology Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High prevalence of cestodes in <i>Artemia</i> spp. throughout the annual cycle: relationship with abundance of avian final hosts","docAbstract":"Brine shrimp, <i>Artemia spp.</i>, act as intermediate hosts for a range of cestode species that use waterbirds as their final hosts. These parasites can have marked influences on shrimp behavior and fecundity, generating the potential for cascading effects in hypersaline food webs. We present the first comprehensive study of the temporal dynamics of cestode parasites in natural populations of brine shrimp throughout the annual cycle. Over a 12-month period, clonal <i>Artemia parthenogenetica</i> were sampled in the Odiel marshes in Huelva, and the sexual <i>Artemia salina</i> was sampled in the Salinas de Cerrillos in Almería. Throughout the year, 4–45 % of <i>A. parthenogenetica</i> were infected with cestodes (mean species richness = 0.26), compared to 27–72 % of <i>A. salina</i> (mean species richness = 0.64). Ten cestode species were recorded. Male and female <i>A. salina</i> showed similar levels of parasitism. The most prevalent and abundant cestodes were those infecting the most abundant final hosts, especially the Greater Flamingo <i>Phoenicopterus ruber</i>. In particular, the flamingo parasite <i>Flamingolepis liguloides</i> had a prevalence of up to 43 % in <i>A. parthenogenetica</i> and 63.5 % in <i>A. salina</i> in a given month. Although there was strong seasonal variation in prevalence, abundance, and intensity of cestode infections, seasonal changes in bird counts were weak predictors of the dynamics of cestode infections. However, infection levels of <i>Confluaria podicipina</i> in <i>A. parthenogenetica</i> were positively correlated with the number of their black-necked grebe <i>Podiceps nigricollis</i> hosts. Similarly, infection levels of <i>Anomotaenia tringae</i> and <i>Anomotaenia microphallos</i> in <i>A. salina</i> were correlated with the number of shorebird hosts present the month before. Correlated seasonal transmission structured the cestode community, leading to more multiple infections than expected by chance.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Parasitology Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00436-013-3347-x","usgsCitation":"Sanchez, M.I., Nikolov, P.N., GEorgieva, D.D., Georgiev, B.B., Vasileva, G.P., Pankov, P., Paracuellos, M., Lafferty, K.D., and Green, A.J., 2013, High prevalence of cestodes in <i>Artemia</i> spp. throughout the annual cycle: relationship with abundance of avian final hosts: Parasitology Research, v. 112, no. 5, p. 1913-1923, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3347-x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1913","endPage":"1923","ipdsId":"IP-043802","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473541,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10261/75096","text":"External Repository"},{"id":294027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294015,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3347-x"}],"country":"Spain","city":"Almeria;Huelva","otherGeospatial":"Odiel Marshes;Salinas De Cerrillos","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -6.9626,36.82 ], [ -6.9626,37.2913 ], [ -2.43,37.2913 ], [ -2.43,36.82 ], [ -6.9626,36.82 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"112","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa29ce4b01571b3d51cae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanchez, Marta I.","contributorId":54136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanchez","given":"Marta","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nikolov, Pavel N.","contributorId":9983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nikolov","given":"Pavel","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"GEorgieva, Darina D.","contributorId":94614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"GEorgieva","given":"Darina","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Georgiev, Boyko B.","contributorId":40916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Georgiev","given":"Boyko","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vasileva, Gergana P.","contributorId":71494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vasileva","given":"Gergana","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pankov, Plamen","contributorId":38488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pankov","given":"Plamen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Paracuellos, Mariano","contributorId":21478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paracuellos","given":"Mariano","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Green, Andy J.","contributorId":30531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Andy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70125371,"text":"70125371 - 2013 - Evolutionary dynamics of a rapidly receding southern range boundary in the threatened California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-17T10:20:53","indexId":"70125371","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T10:14:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolutionary dynamics of a rapidly receding southern range boundary in the threatened California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>)","docAbstract":"Populations forming the edge of a species range are often imperiled by isolation and low genetic diversity, with proximity to human population centers being a major determinant of edge stability in modern landscapes. Since the 1960s, the California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>) has undergone extensive declines in heavily urbanized southern California, where the range edge has rapidly contracted northward while shifting its cardinal orientation to an east-west trending axis. We studied the genetic structure and diversity of these frontline populations, tested for signatures of contemporary disturbance, specifically fire, and attempted to disentangle these signals from demographic events extending deeper into the past. Consistent with the genetic expectations of the ‘abundant-center’ model, we found that diversity, admixture, and opportunity for random mating increases in populations sampled successively further away from the range boundary. Demographic simulations indicate that bottlenecks in peripheral isolates are associated with processes extending tens to a few hundred generations in the past, despite the demographic collapse of some due to recent fire-flood events. While the effects of recent disturbance have left little genetic imprint on these populations, they likely contribute to an extinction debt that will lead to continued range contraction unless management intervenes to stall or reverse the process.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Evolutionary Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Publishing","doi":"10.1111/eva.12067","usgsCitation":"Richmond, J.Q., Barr, K.R., Backlin, A.R., Vandergast, A.G., and Fisher, R.N., 2013, Evolutionary dynamics of a rapidly receding southern range boundary in the threatened California red-legged frog (<i>Rana draytonii</i>): Evolutionary Applications, v. 6, no. 5, p. 808-822, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12067.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"808","endPage":"822","ipdsId":"IP-042321","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12067","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293963,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12067"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.9462,35.4903 ], [ -120.9462,34.0217 ], [ -118.2363,34.0217 ], [ -118.2363,35.4903 ], [ -120.9462,35.4903 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"6","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541aa29be4b01571b3d51ca4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, Jonathan Q. 0000-0001-9398-4894 jrichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-4894","contributorId":5400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Jonathan","email":"jrichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barr, Kelly R. kelly_barr@usgs.gov","contributorId":5628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"Kelly","email":"kelly_barr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Backlin, Adam R. 0000-0001-5618-8426 abacklin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-8426","contributorId":3802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backlin","given":"Adam","email":"abacklin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":97617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048197,"text":"70048197 - 2013 - Mapping invasive <i>Phragmites australis</i> in the coastal Great Lakes with ALOS PALSAR satellite imagery for decision support","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T10:25:00","indexId":"70048197","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T10:12:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping invasive <i>Phragmites australis</i> in the coastal Great Lakes with ALOS PALSAR satellite imagery for decision support","docAbstract":"The invasive variety of Phragmites australis (common reed) forms dense stands that can cause negative impacts on coastal Great Lakes wetlands including habitat degradation and reduced biological diversity. Early treatment is key to controlling Phragmites, therefore a map of the current distribution is needed. ALOS PALSAR imagery was used to produce the first basin-wide distribution map showing the extent of large, dense invasive Phragmites-dominated habitats in wetlands and other coastal ecosystems along the U.S. shore of the Great Lakes. PALSAR is a satellite imaging radar sensor that is sensitive to differences in plant biomass and inundation patterns, allowing for the detection and delineation of these tall (up to 5 m), high density, high biomass invasive Phragmites stands. Classification was based on multi-season ALOS PALSAR L-band (23 cm wavelength) HH and HV polarization data. Seasonal (spring, summer, and fall) datasets were used to improve discrimination of Phragmites by taking advantage of phenological changes in vegetation and inundation patterns over the seasons. Extensive field collections of training and randomly selected validation data were conducted in 2010–2011 to aid in mapping and for accuracy assessments. Overall basin-wide map accuracy was 87%, with 86% producer's accuracy and 43% user's accuracy for invasive Phragmites. The invasive Phragmites maps are being used to identify major environmental drivers of this invader's distribution, to assess areas vulnerable to new invasion, and to provide information to regional stakeholders through a decision support tool.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2012.11.001","usgsCitation":"Bourgeau-Chavez, L., Kowalski, K., Carlson Mazur, M.L., Scarbrough, K.A., Powell, R.B., Brooks, C., Huberty, B., Jenkins, L.K., Banda, E.C., Galbraith, D.M., Laubach, Z.M., and Riordan, K., 2013, Mapping invasive <i>Phragmites australis</i> in the coastal Great Lakes with ALOS PALSAR satellite imagery for decision support: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 39, no. Suppl. 1, p. 65-77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.11.001.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"77","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-037101","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277614,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277611,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2012.11.001"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie;Lake Huron;Lake Michigan;Lake Ontario;Lake Superior","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.11,41.4 ], [ -92.11,48.85 ], [ -76.3,48.85 ], [ -76.3,41.4 ], [ -92.11,41.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","issue":"Suppl. 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52396bf9e4b04b9308ae4e30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bourgeau-Chavez, Laura L.","contributorId":15105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bourgeau-Chavez","given":"Laura L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson Mazur, Martha L.","contributorId":95377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson Mazur","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scarbrough, Kirk A.","contributorId":9949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scarbrough","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powell, Richard B.","contributorId":19869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brooks, Colin N.","contributorId":103961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Colin N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huberty, Brian","contributorId":55733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huberty","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jenkins, Liza K.","contributorId":84657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Liza","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Banda, Elizabeth C.","contributorId":84658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banda","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Galbraith, David M.","contributorId":52071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galbraith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Laubach, Zachary M.","contributorId":33615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laubach","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Riordan, Kevin","contributorId":52877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riordan","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70048235,"text":"70048235 - 2013 - Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics of <sup>15</sup>N-labeled leaf, root, and twig litter in temperate coniferous forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-25T14:22:44","indexId":"70048235","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-17T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics of <sup>15</sup>N-labeled leaf, root, and twig litter in temperate coniferous forests","docAbstract":"Litter nutrient dynamics contribute significantly to biogeochemical cycling in forest ecosystems. We examined how site environment and initial substrate quality influence decomposition and nitrogen (N) dynamics of multiple litter types. A 2.5-year decomposition study was installed in the Oregon Coast Range and West Cascades using <sup>15</sup>N-labeled litter from Acer macrophyllum, Picea sitchensis, and Pseudotsuga menziesii. Mass loss for leaf litter was similar between the two sites, while root and twig litter exhibited greater mass loss in the Coast Range. Mass loss was greatest from leaves and roots, and species differences in mass loss were more prominent in the Coast Range. All litter types and species mineralized N early in the decomposition process; only A. macrophyllum leaves exhibited a net N immobilization phase. There were no site differences with respect to litter N dynamics despite differences in site N availability, and litter N mineralization patterns were species-specific. For multiple litter × species combinations, the difference between gross and net N mineralization was significant, and gross mineralization was 7–20 % greater than net mineralization. The mineralization results suggest that initial litter chemistry may be an important driver of litter N dynamics. Our study demonstrates that greater amounts of N are cycling through these systems than may be quantified by only measuring net mineralization and challenges current leaf-based biogeochemical theory regarding patterns of N immobilization and mineralization.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-013-2706-8","usgsCitation":"van Huysen, T.L., Harmon, M.E., Perakis, S., and Chen, H., 2013, Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics of <sup>15</sup>N-labeled leaf, root, and twig litter in temperate coniferous forests: Oecologia, v. 173, no. 4, p. 1563-1573, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-013-2706-8.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1563","endPage":"1573","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-044259","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277790,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-013-2706-8"}],"volume":"173","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523acb65e4b08cabd166cb4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Huysen, Tiff L.","contributorId":23429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Huysen","given":"Tiff","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harmon, Mark E.","contributorId":96961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmon","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":16797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, Hua","contributorId":58547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Hua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048189,"text":"70048189 - 2013 - Effects of thinning on drought vulnerability and climate response in north temperate forest ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-23T10:26:50","indexId":"70048189","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-16T12:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of thinning on drought vulnerability and climate response in north temperate forest ecosystems","docAbstract":"Reducing tree densities through silvicultural thinning has been widely advocated as a strategy for enhancing resistance and resilience to drought, yet few empirical evaluations of this approach exist. We examined detailed dendrochronological data from a long-term (>50 yrs) replicated thinning experiment to determine if density reductions conferred greater resistance and/or resilience to droughts, assessed by the magnitude of stand-level growth reductions. Our results suggest that thinning generally enhanced drought resistance and resilience; however, this relationship showed a pronounced reversal over time in stands maintained at lower tree densities. Specifically, lower-density stands exhibited greater resistance and resilience at younger ages (49 years), yet exhibited lower resistance and resilience at older ages (76 years), relative to higher-density stands. We attribute this reversal to significantly greater tree sizes attained within the lower-density stands through stand development, which in turn increased tree-level water demand during the later droughts. Results from response-function analyses indicate that thinning altered growth-climate relationships, such that higher-density stands were more sensitive to growing-season precipitation relative to lower-density stands. These results confirm the potential of density management to moderate drought impacts on growth, and they highlight the importance of accounting for stand structure when predicting climate-change impacts to forest systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/13-0677.1","usgsCitation":"D’Amato, A.W., Bradford, J.B., Fraver, S., and Palik, B.J., 2013, Effects of thinning on drought vulnerability and climate response in north temperate forest ecosystems: Ecological Applications, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1735-1742, https://doi.org/10.1890/13-0677.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1735","endPage":"1742","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-042109","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/13-0677.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":277600,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277573,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-0677.1"},{"id":277574,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/13-0677.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -92,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -89,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -89,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -92,0.0011111111111111111 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52381a4fe4b0c7d45ef060ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":35632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fraver, Shawn","contributorId":91379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraver","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":483944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palik, Brian J.","contributorId":78619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palik","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69344,"text":"cp52 - 2013 - Tectonic map of the Circum-Pacific region, Pacific basin sheet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T09:34:43","indexId":"cp52","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-16T08:26:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":308,"text":"Circum-Pacific Map","code":"CP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"52","title":"Tectonic map of the Circum-Pacific region, Pacific basin sheet","docAbstract":"<b>Circum-Pacific Map Project</b>:  The Circum-Pacific Map Project was a cooperative international effort designed to show the relationship of known energy and mineral resources to the major geologic features of the Pacific basin and surrounding continental areas. Available geologic, mineral, and energy-resource data are being complemented by new, project-developed data sets such as magnetic lineations, seafloor mineral deposits, and seafloor sediment. Earth scientists representing some 180 organizations from more than 40 Pacific-region countries are involved in this work. Six overlapping equal-area regional maps at a scale of 1:10,000,000 form the cartographic base for the project: the four Circum-Pacific Quadrants (Northwest, Southwest, Southeast, and Northeast), and the Antarctic and Arctic Sheets. There is also a Pacific Basin Sheet at a scale of 1:17,000,000. The Base Map Series and the Geographic Series (published from 1977 to 1990), the Plate-Tectonic Series (published in 1981 and 1982), the Geodynamic Series (published in 1984 and 1985), and the Geologic Series (published from 1984 to 1989) all include six map sheets. Other thematic map series in preparation include Mineral-Resources, Energy-Resources and Tectonic Maps. Altogether, more than 50 map sheets are planned. The maps were prepared cooperatively by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey and are available from the Branch of Distribution, U. S. Geological Survey, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, U.S.A. The Circum-Pacific Map Project is organized under six panels of geoscientists representing national earth-science organizations, universities, and natural-resource companies. The six panels correspond to the basic map areas. Current panel chairmen are Tomoyuki Moritani (Northwest Quadrant), R. Wally Johnson (Southwest Quadrant), Ian W.D. Dalziel (Antarctic Region), vacant. (Southeast Quadrant), Kenneth J. Drummond (Northeast Quadrant), and George W. Moore (Arctic Region). Project coordination and final cartography was being carried out through the cooperation of the Office of the Chief Geologist of the U.S. Geological Survey, under the direction of General Chairman, George Gryc of Menlo Park, California. Project headquarters were located at 345 Middlefield Road, MS 952, Menlo Park, California 94025, U.S.A. The framework for the Circum-Pacific Map Project was developed in 1973 by a specially convened group of 12 North American geoscientists meeting in California. The project was officially launched at the First Circum-Pacific Conference on Energy and Mineral Resources, which met in Honolulu, Hawaii, in August 1974. Sponsors of the conference were the AAPG, Pacific Science Association (PSA), and the Coordinating Committee for Offshore Prospecting for Mineral Resources in Offshore Asian Areas (CCOP). The Circum-Pacific Map Project operates as an activity of the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, a nonprofit organization that promotes cooperation among Circum-Pacific countries in the study of energy and mineral resources of the Pacific basin. Founded by Michel T. Halbouty in 1972, the Council also sponsors conferences, topical symposia, workshops and the Earth Science Series books. <b>Tectonic Map Series</b>:  The tectonic maps distinguish areas of oceanic and continental crust. Symbols in red mark active plate boundaries, and colored patterns show tectonic units (volcanic or magmatic arcs, arc-trench gaps, and interarc basins) associated with active plate margins. Well-documented inactive plate boundaries are shown by symbols in black. The tectonic development of oceanic crust is shown by episodes of seafloor spreading. These correlate with the rift and drift sequences at passive continental margins and episodes of tectonic activity at active plate margins. The recognized episodes of seafloor spreading seem to reflect major changes in plate kinematics. Oceanic plateaus and other prominences of greater than normal oceanic crustal thickness such as hotspot traces are also shown. Colored areas on the continents show the ages of deformation and metamorphism of basement rocks and the emplacement of igneous rocks. Transitional tectonic (molassic) and reactivation basins are shown by a colored boundary, and if they are deformed, a colored horizontal line pattern indicates the age of deformation. Colored bands along basin boundaries indicate age of inception, and isopachs indicate thickness of platform strata on continental crust and cover on oceanic crust. Colored patterns at separated continental margins show the age of inception of rift and drift (breakup) sequences. Symbols mark folds and faults, and special symbols show volcanoes and other structural features. Affiliations are as of compilation of the data. This map was created in quadrants and then compiled together. They are the Northwest land, Northwest Marine (different compilers), Northeast, Southwest and Southeast, and parts in plate-boundary sections.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cp52","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Circum-Pacific Council","usgsCitation":"Scheibner, E., Moore, G.W., Drummond, K.J., Dalziel, C.Q., Moritani, T., Teraoka, Y., Sato, T., and Craddock, C., 2013, Tectonic map of the Circum-Pacific region, Pacific basin sheet: U.S. Geological Survey Circum-Pacific Map 52, Pamphlet: 134 p.; 1 Map: 57.79 x 39.88 inches; Correlation of Map Units; Readme file; Metadata; Map data; CMU data; ptype explanation, https://doi.org/10.3133/cp52.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: 134 p.; 1 Map: 57.79 x 39.88 inches; Correlation of Map Units; Readme file; Metadata; Map data; CMU data; ptype explanation","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":178,"text":"Circum-Pacific Council","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cp52.gif"},{"id":277582,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/52/cp52_pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":277583,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/52/cp52_map.pdf"},{"id":277584,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/52/cp52_cmu.pdf"},{"id":277581,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/52/"},{"id":277585,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/52/cp52_readme.pdf"},{"id":277586,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/52/cp52_metadata.txt"},{"id":277587,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/52/cp52_map_gis.zip"},{"id":277588,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/52/cp52_cmu_gis.zip"},{"id":277589,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/cp/52/cp52_ptype_explanation.xlsx"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 128.6,-85.6 ], [ 128.6,58.2 ], [ -66.5,58.2 ], [ -66.5,-85.6 ], [ 128.6,-85.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52381a80e4b0c7d45ef060f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scheibner, E.","contributorId":65371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheibner","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, G. W.","contributorId":87946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drummond, K. J.","contributorId":53484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drummond","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dalziel, Corvalan Q.J.","contributorId":55722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalziel","given":"Corvalan","email":"","middleInitial":"Q.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moritani, T.","contributorId":53682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moritani","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Teraoka, Y.","contributorId":58929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teraoka","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sato, T.","contributorId":65753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sato","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Craddock, C.","contributorId":107425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craddock","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70048191,"text":"sir20135134 - 2013 - Potential depletion of surface water in the Colorado River and agricultural drains by groundwater pumping in the Parker-Palo Verde-Cibola area, Arizona and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-16T07:55:11","indexId":"sir20135134","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-16T07:46:54","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5134","title":"Potential depletion of surface water in the Colorado River and agricultural drains by groundwater pumping in the Parker-Palo Verde-Cibola area, Arizona and California","docAbstract":"Water use along the lower Colorado River is allocated as “consumptive use,” which is defined to be the amount of water diverted from the river minus the amount that returns to the river. Diversions of water from the river include surface water in canals and water removed from the river by pumping wells in the aquifer connected to the river. A complication in accounting for water pumped by wells occurs if the pumping depletes water in drains and reduces measured return flow in those drains. In that case, consumptive use of water pumped by the wells is accounted for in the reduction of measured return flow. A method is needed to understand where groundwater pumping will deplete water in the river and where it will deplete water in drains. To provide a basis for future accounting for pumped groundwater in the Parker-Palo Verde-Cibola area, a superposition model was constructed. The model consists of three layers of finite-difference cells that cover most of the aquifer in the study area. The model was run repeatedly with each run having a pumping well in a different model cell. The source of pumped water that is depletion of the river, expressed as a fraction of the pumping rate, was computed for all active cells in model layer 1, and maps were constructed to understand where groundwater pumping depletes the river and where it depletes drains. The model results indicate that if one or more drains exist between a pumping well location and the river, nearly all of the depletion will be from drains, and little or no depletion will come from the Colorado River. Results also show that if a well pumps on a side of the river with no drains in the immediate area, depletion will come from the Colorado River. Finally, if a well pumps between the river and drains that parallel the river, a fraction of the pumping will come from the river and the rest will come from the drains. Model results presented in this report may be considered in development or refinement of strategies for accounting for groundwater pumping in the river aquifer connected to the Colorado River in the study area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135134","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Leake, S.A., Owen-Joyce, S.J., and Heilman, J., 2013, Potential depletion of surface water in the Colorado River and agricultural drains by groundwater pumping in the Parker-Palo Verde-Cibola area, Arizona and California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5134, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135134.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135134.jpg"},{"id":277577,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5134/"},{"id":277578,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5134/pdf/sir2013-5134.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.5,33 ], [ -115.5,34.5 ], [ -113.75,34.5 ], [ -113.75,33 ], [ -115.5,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52381a7fe4b0c7d45ef060f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Owen-Joyce, Sandra J. 0000-0002-4400-5618 sjowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-5618","contributorId":5215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen-Joyce","given":"Sandra","email":"sjowen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":483950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heilman, Julian A. jahr@usgs.gov","contributorId":5727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilman","given":"Julian A.","email":"jahr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048190,"text":"70048190 - 2013 - Potential increases in natural disturbance rates could offset forest management impacts on ecosystem carbon stocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-16T12:03:47","indexId":"70048190","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-15T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential increases in natural disturbance rates could offset forest management impacts on ecosystem carbon stocks","docAbstract":"Forested ecosystems contain the majority of the world’s terrestrial carbon, and forest management has implications for regional and global carbon cycling. Carbon stored in forests changes with stand age and is affected by natural disturbance and timber harvesting. We examined how harvesting and disturbance interact to influence forest carbon stocks over the Superior National Forest, in northern Minnesota. Forest inventory data from the USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis program were used to characterize current forest age structure and quantify the relationship between age and carbon stocks for eight forest types. Using these findings, we simulated the impact of alternative management scenarios and natural disturbance rates on forest-wide terrestrial carbon stocks over a 100-year horizon. Under low natural mortality, forest-wide total ecosystem carbon stocks increased when 0% or 40% of planned harvests were implemented; however, the majority of forest-wide carbon stocks decreased with greater harvest levels and elevated disturbance rates. Our results suggest that natural disturbance has the potential to exert stronger influence on forest carbon stocks than timber harvesting activities and that maintaining carbon stocks over the long-term may prove difficult if disturbance frequency increases in response to climate change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2013.07.042","usgsCitation":"Bradford, J.B., Jensen, N.R., Domke, G., and D’Amato, A.W., 2013, Potential increases in natural disturbance rates could offset forest management impacts on ecosystem carbon stocks: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 308, p. 178-187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.07.042.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"178","endPage":"187","ipdsId":"IP-044934","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277576,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112713004982"},{"id":277575,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.07.042"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Superior National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.0917,47.2848 ], [ -93.0917,48.4396 ], [ -89.855,48.4396 ], [ -89.855,47.2848 ], [ -93.0917,47.2848 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"308","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52382866e4b0c7d45ef06117","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, Nicholas R.","contributorId":6755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Domke, Grant M.","contributorId":28891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domke","given":"Grant M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":35632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040383,"text":"70040383 - 2013 - Pacific Island landbird monitoring annual report, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, tract group 1 and 2, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:50:12","indexId":"70040383","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-14T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"title":"Pacific Island landbird monitoring annual report, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, tract group 1 and 2, 2010","docAbstract":"<p><span>In concordance with the stated role of the I&amp;M Program, the objectives of this survey were to provide information for monitoring long-term trends in forest bird distribution, density, and abundance in HAVO. Ultimately, this information will help to inform and implement management actions to stabilize and/or increase bird populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform","isbn":"978-1492712305","usgsCitation":"Judge, S., Gaudioso, J., Hsu, B.H., Camp, R.J., and Hart, P.J., 2013, Pacific Island landbird monitoring annual report, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, tract group 1 and 2, 2010: Technical Report, 146 p.","productDescription":"146 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026311","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a5b8d1e4b0ebae89b789cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Judge, S. W.","contributorId":120105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Judge","given":"S. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaudioso, J. M.","contributorId":116549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaudioso","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hsu, B. H.","contributorId":117234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsu","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Camp, Richard J. 0000-0001-7008-923X rick_camp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-923X","contributorId":116175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"Richard","email":"rick_camp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hart, P. J.","contributorId":121461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048183,"text":"ds777 - 2013 - Geodatabase compilation of hydrogeologic, remote sensing, and water-budget-component data for the High Plains aquifer, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T13:43:08","indexId":"ds777","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-13T13:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"777","title":"Geodatabase compilation of hydrogeologic, remote sensing, and water-budget-component data for the High Plains aquifer, 2011","docAbstract":"<p>The High Plains aquifer underlies almost 112 million acres in the central United States. It is one of the largest aquifers in the Nation in terms of annual groundwater withdrawals and provides drinking water for 2.3 million people. The High Plains aquifer has gained national and international attention as a highly stressed groundwater supply primarily because it has been appreciably depleted in some areas. The U.S. Geological Survey has an active program to monitor the changes in groundwater levels for the High Plains aquifer and has documented substantial water-level changes since predevelopment: the High Plains Groundwater Availability Study is part of a series of regional groundwater availability studies conducted to evaluate the availability and sustainability of major aquifers across the Nation. The goals of the regional groundwater studies are to quantify current groundwater resources in an aquifer system, evaluate how these resources have changed over time, and provide tools to better understand a systems response to future demands and environmental stresses. The purpose of this report is to present selected data developed and synthesized for the High Plains aquifer as part of the High Plains Groundwater Availability Study. The High Plains Groundwater Availability Study includes the development of a water-budget-component analysis for the High Plains completed in 2011 and development of a groundwater-flow model for the northern High Plains aquifer. Both of these tasks require large amounts of data about the High Plains aquifer. Data pertaining to the High Plains aquifer were collected, synthesized, and then organized into digital data containers called geodatabases. There are 8 geodatabases, 1 file geodatabase and 7 personal geodatabases, that have been grouped in three categories: hydrogeologic data, remote sensing data, and water-budget-component data. The hydrogeologic data pertaining to the northern High Plains aquifer is included in three separate geodatabases: (1) base data from a groundwater-flow model; (2) hydrogeology and hydraulic properties data; and (3) groundwater-flow model data to be used as calibration targets. The remote sensing data for this study were developed by the U. S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center and include historical and predicted land-use/land-cover data and actual evapotranspiration data by using remotely sensed temperature data. The water-budget-component data contains selected raster data from maps in the &ldquo;Selected Approaches to Estimate Water-Budget Components of the High Plains, 1940 Through 1949 and 2000 Through 2009&rdquo; report completed in 2011 (<a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5183/\" target=\"_blank\">http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5183/</a>). Federal Geographic Data Committee compliant metadata were created for each spatial and tabular data layer in the geodatabases.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds777","usgsCitation":"Houston, N.A., Gonzales-Bradford, S.L., Flynn, A., Qi, S.L., Peterson, S.M., Stanton, J.S., Ryter, D.W., Sohl, T.L., and Senay, G., 2013, Geodatabase compilation of hydrogeologic, remote sensing, and water-budget-component data for the High Plains aquifer, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 777, Report: vii, 12 p.; 29 Datasets, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds777.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 12 p.; 29 Datasets","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds777.gif"},{"id":277567,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/777/"},{"id":277568,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/777/pdf/ds777.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -96,0.0011111111111111111 ], [ -96,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -0.016666666666666666,8.333333333333334E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523425d2e4b0b9e9b3336cd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houston, Natalie A. 0000-0002-6071-4545 nhouston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4545","contributorId":1682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houston","given":"Natalie","email":"nhouston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gonzales-Bradford, Sophia L.","contributorId":92572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzales-Bradford","given":"Sophia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flynn, Amanda T.","contributorId":66586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Amanda T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Qi, Sharon L. 0000-0001-7278-4498 slqi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-4498","contributorId":1130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Sharon","email":"slqi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, Steven M. 0000-0002-9130-1284 speterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-1284","contributorId":847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Steven","email":"speterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ryter, Derek W. 0000-0002-2488-626X dryter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2488-626X","contributorId":3395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryter","given":"Derek","email":"dryter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231 sohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"sohl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":66808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70147910,"text":"70147910 - 2013 - Predicting paddlefish roe yields using an extension of the Beverton–Holt equilibrium yield-per-recruit model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T11:49:08","indexId":"70147910","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-13T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting paddlefish roe yields using an extension of the Beverton–Holt equilibrium yield-per-recruit model","docAbstract":"<p>Equilibrium yield models predict the total biomass removed from an exploited stock; however, traditional yield models must be modified to simulate roe yields because a linear relationship between age (or length) and mature ovary weight does not typically exist. We extended the traditional Beverton-Holt equilibrium yield model to predict roe yields of Paddlefish Polyodon spathula in Kentucky Lake, Tennessee-Kentucky, as a function of varying conditional fishing mortality rates (10-70%), conditional natural mortality rates (cm; 9% and 18%), and four minimum size limits ranging from 864 to 1,016mm eye-to-fork length. These results were then compared to a biomass-based yield assessment. Analysis of roe yields indicated the potential for growth overfishing at lower exploitation rates and smaller minimum length limits than were suggested by the biomass-based assessment. Patterns of biomass and roe yields in relation to exploitation rates were similar regardless of the simulated value of cm, thus indicating that the results were insensitive to changes in cm. Our results also suggested that higher minimum length limits would increase roe yield and reduce the potential for growth overfishing and recruitment overfishing at the simulated cm values. Biomass-based equilibrium yield assessments are commonly used to assess the effects of harvest on other caviar-based fisheries; however, our analysis demonstrates that such assessments likely underestimate the probability and severity of growth overfishing when roe is targeted. Therefore, equilibrium roe yield-per-recruit models should also be considered to guide the management process for caviar-producing fish species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2013.820242","usgsCitation":"Colvin, M., Bettoli, P.W., and Scholten, G., 2013, Predicting paddlefish roe yields using an extension of the Beverton–Holt equilibrium yield-per-recruit model: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 33, no. 5, p. 940-949, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2013.820242.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"940","endPage":"949","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041177","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2b8e4b0a92fa7e93c00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colvin, M.E.","contributorId":53190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvin","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettoli, Phillip William pbettoli@usgs.gov","contributorId":1919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettoli","given":"Phillip","email":"pbettoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholten, G.D.","contributorId":39184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholten","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048170,"text":"ds791 - 2013 - Hydrographs showing groundwater levels for selected wells in the Puyallup River watershed and vicinity, Pierce and King Counties, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-28T16:50:41","indexId":"ds791","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-13T11:17:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"791","title":"Hydrographs showing groundwater levels for selected wells in the Puyallup River watershed and vicinity, Pierce and King Counties, Washington","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrographs of groundwater levels for selected wells in and adjacent to the Puyallup River watershed in Pierce and King Counties, Washington, are presented using an interactive Web-based map of the study area to illustrate changes in groundwater levels on a monthly and seasonal basis. The interactive map displays well locations that link to the hydrographs, which in turn link to the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System, Groundwater Site Inventory System.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds791","usgsCitation":"Lane, R.C., Julich, R.J., and Justin, G., 2013, Hydrographs showing groundwater levels for selected wells in the Puyallup River watershed and vicinity, Pierce and King Counties, Washington (Originally posted September 13, 2013; Revised and reposted August 25, 2014, Version 1.1; Revised and reposted May 28, 2015, Version 1.2): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 791, HTML Document; Conversion Factors and Datums; 2 Figures; Table 1; Interactive Map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds791.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Conversion Factors and Datums; 2 Figures; Table 1; Interactive Map","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277556,"rank":6,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds791.PNG"},{"id":277549,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/791/index.html"},{"id":277553,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/791/figure1.html","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Figure 1"},{"id":277552,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/791/conversions.html","text":"Conversion Factors and Datums","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Conversion Factors and Datums"},{"id":277554,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/791/figure2.html","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Figure 2"},{"id":277555,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/791/ds791_table1.xlsx","text":"Table 1","size":"23 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 1"},{"id":277560,"rank":7,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://wa.water.usgs.gov/projects/puyallupgw/hydrographs.htm","text":"Interactive Map","description":"Interactive Map"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"King County, Pierce County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.47764587402344,\n              47.43319679984749\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.0972442626953,\n              47.43366127871628\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.0969009399414,\n              47.34580193235629\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.84661865234374,\n              47.34487142066085\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.8445587158203,\n              47.26292215345572\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.48681640624999,\n              47.265252010946085\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.48406982421875,\n              46.992431036151324\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.981201171875,\n              46.992431036151324\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.97982788085938,\n              46.91322000960565\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.35816955566406,\n              46.91087470241917\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.35954284667967,\n              47.08415026205488\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4872589111328,\n              47.08321514774161\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.47764587402344,\n              47.43319679984749\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Originally posted September 13, 2013; Revised and reposted August 25, 2014, Version 1.1; Revised and reposted May 28, 2015, Version 1.2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52342605e4b0b9e9b3336cda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lane, R. C.","contributorId":6421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julich, R. J.","contributorId":85666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julich","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Justin, G.B.","contributorId":99658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Justin","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048146,"text":"70048146 - 2013 - Thinning increases climatic resilience of red pine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-13T10:42:05","indexId":"70048146","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-13T10:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thinning increases climatic resilience of red pine","docAbstract":"Forest management techniques such as intermediate stand-tending practices (e.g., thinning) can promote climatic resiliency in forest stands by moderating tree competition. Residual trees gain increased access to environmental resources (i.e., soil moisture, light), which in turn has the potential to buffer trees from stressful climatic conditions. The influences of climate (temperature and precipitation) and forest management (thinning method and intensity) on the productivity of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) in Michigan were examined to assess whether repeated thinning treatments were able to increase climatic resiliency (i.e., maintaining productivity and reduced sensitivity to climatic stress). The cumulative productivity of each thinning treatment was determined, and it was found that thinning from below to a residual basal area of 14 m<sup>2</sup>·ha<sup>−1</sup> produced the largest average tree size but also the second lowest overall biomass per acre. On the other hand, the uncut control and the thinning from above to a residual basal area of 28 m<sup>2</sup>·ha<sup>−1</sup> produced the smallest average tree size but also the greatest overall biomass per acre. Dendrochronological methods were used to quantify sensitivity of annual radial growth to monthly and seasonal climatic factors for each thinning treatment type. Climatic sensitivity was influenced by thinning method (i.e., thinning from below decreased sensitivity to climatic stress more than thinning from above) and by thinning intensity (i.e., more intense thinning led to a lower climatic sensitivity). Overall, thinning from below to a residual basal area of 21 m<sup>2</sup>·ha<sup>−1</sup> represented a potentially beneficial compromise to maximize tree size, biomass per acre, and reduced sensitivity to climatic stress, and, thus, the highest level of climatic resilience.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfr-2013-0088","usgsCitation":"Magruder, M., Chhin, S., Palik, B., and Bradford, J.B., 2013, Thinning increases climatic resilience of red pine: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 43, no. 9, p. 878-889, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0088.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"878","endPage":"889","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-042108","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277513,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0088"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Manistee National Forest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.4891,43.2936 ], [ -86.4891,44.3957 ], [ -85.4559,44.3957 ], [ -85.4559,43.2936 ], [ -86.4891,43.2936 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"43","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52342607e4b0b9e9b3336ce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magruder, Matthew","contributorId":75432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magruder","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chhin, Sophan","contributorId":7611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chhin","given":"Sophan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Palik, Brian","contributorId":34412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palik","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048155,"text":"pp1795B - 2013 - Lithofacies, age, depositional setting, and geochemistry of the Otuk Formation in the Red Dog District, northwestern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T20:57:58","indexId":"pp1795B","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-13T08:57:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1795","chapter":"B","title":"Lithofacies, age, depositional setting, and geochemistry of the Otuk Formation in the Red Dog District, northwestern Alaska","docAbstract":"Complete penetration of the Otuk Formation in a continuous drill core (diamond-drill hole, DDH 927) from the Red Dog District illuminates the facies, age, depositional environment, source rock potential, and isotope stratigraphy of this unit in northwestern Alaska. The section, in the Wolverine Creek plate of the Endicott Mountains Allochthon (EMA), is ~82 meters (m) thick and appears structurally uncomplicated. Bedding dips are generally low and thicknesses recorded are close to true thicknesses. Preliminary synthesis of sedimentologic, paleontologic, and isotopic data suggests that the Otuk succession in DDH 927 is a largely complete, albeit condensed, marine Triassic section in conformable contact with marine Permian and Jurassic strata. The Otuk Formation in DDH 927 gradationally overlies gray siliceous mudstone of the Siksikpuk Formation (Permian, based on regional correlations) and underlies black organic-rich mudstone of the Kingak(?) Shale (Jurassic?, based on regional correlations). The informal shale, chert, and limestone members of the Otuk are recognized in DDH 927, but the Jurassic Blankenship Member is absent. The lower (shale) member consists of 28 m of black to light gray, silty shale with as much as 6.9 weight percent total organic carbon (TOC). Thin limy layers near the base of this member contain bivalve fragments (Claraia sp.?) consistent with an Early Triassic (Griesbachian-early Smithian) age. Gray radiolarian chert dominates the middle member (25 m thick) and yields radiolarians of Middle Triassic (Anisian and Ladinian) and Late Triassic (Carnian-late middle Norian) ages. Black to light gray silty shale, like that in the lower member, forms interbeds that range from a few millimeters to 7 centimeters in thickness through much of the middle member. A distinctive, 2.4-m-thick interval of black shale and calcareous radiolarite ~17 m above the base of the member has as much as 9.8 weight percent TOC, and a 1.9-m-thick interval of limy to cherty mudstone immediately above this contains radiolarians, foraminifers, conodonts, and halobiid bivalve fragments. The upper (limestone) member (29 m thick) is lime mudstone with monotid bivalves and late Norian radiolarians, overlain by gray chert that contains Rhaetian (latest Triassic) radiolarians; Rhaetian strata have not previously been documented in the Otuk. Rare gray to black shale interbeds in the upper member have as much as 3.4 weight percent TOC. At least 35 m of black mudstone overlies the limestone member; these strata lack interbeds of oil shale and chert that are characteristic of the Blankenship, and instead they resemble the Kingak Shale. Vitrinite reflectance values (2.45 and 2.47 percent Ro) from two samples of black shale in the chert member indicate that these rocks reached a high level of thermal maturity within the dry gas window. Regional correlations indicate that lithofacies in the Otuk Formation vary with both structural and geographic position. For example, the shale member of the Otuk in the Wolverine Creek plate includes more limy layers and less barite (as blades, nodules, and lenses) than equivalent strata in the structurally higher Red Dog plate of the EMA, but it has fewer limy layers than the shale member in the EMA ~450 kilometers (km) to the east at Tiglukpuk Creek. The limestone member of the Otuk is thicker in the Wolverine Creek plate than in the Red Dog plate and differs from this member in EMA sections to the east in containing an upper cherty interval that lacks monotids; a similar interval is seen at the top of the Otuk Formation ~125 km to the west (Lisburne Peninsula). Our observations are consistent with the interpretations of previous researchers that Otuk facies become more distal in higher structural positions and that within a given structural level more distal facies occur to the west. Recent paleogeographic reconstructions indicate that the Otuk accumulated at a relatively high paleolatitude with a bivalve fauna typical of the Boreal realm. A suite of δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub> (carbon isotopic composition of carbon) data (n=38) from the upper Siksikpuk Formation through the Otuk Formation and into the Kingak(?) Shale in DDH 927 shows a pattern of positive and negative excursions similar to those reported elsewhere in Triassic strata. In particular, a distinct negative excursion at the base of the Otuk (from ‒23.8 to ‒31.3‰ (permil, or parts per thousand)) likely correlates with a pronounced excursion that marks the Permian-Triassic boundary at many localities worldwide. Another feature of the Otuk δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub> record that may correlate globally is a series of negative and positive excursions in the lower member. At the top of the Otuk in DDH 927, the δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub> values are extremely low and may correlate with a negative excursion that is widely observed at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1795B","collaboration":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2011; This report is Chapter B in <i>Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2011</i>. For more information see <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1795/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">PP 1795</a>.","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., Burruss, R.A., and Blome, C.D., 2013, Lithofacies, age, depositional setting, and geochemistry of the Otuk Formation in the Red Dog District, northwestern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1795, Report: iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1795B.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 32 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277532,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1795b.gif"},{"id":277529,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1795/b/"},{"id":277530,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1795/b/pp1795b.pdf"},{"id":277531,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1795/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Red Dog District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -168,66.5 ], [ -168,69.5 ], [ -156,69.5 ], [ -156,66.5 ], [ -168,66.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52342606e4b0b9e9b3336cde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burruss, Robert A. 0000-0001-6827-804X burruss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"burruss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":483888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blome, Charles D. 0000-0002-3449-9378 cblome@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-9378","contributorId":1246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blome","given":"Charles","email":"cblome@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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