{"pageNumber":"1471","pageRowStart":"36750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40837,"records":[{"id":70210228,"text":"70210228 - 1986 - Crustal structure of Oaxaca, Mexico, from seismic refraction measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-28T15:39:48.410431","indexId":"70210228","displayToPublicDate":"1986-04-01T10:26:17","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal structure of Oaxaca, Mexico, from seismic refraction measurements","docAbstract":"<p>Seismic refraction and gravity data have been analyzed to obtain a model of the compressional-wave velocity structure of the ocean-to-continent transition in the State of Oaxaca in southwestern Mexico. Crustal thickness on the continent at the latitude 18°N is 45 ± 4 km, based on reflected phases from the Moho discontinuity. The crust has been modeled with three layers, with velocities of 4.3 to 4.6, 5.0 to 5.7, and 6.85 to 7.0 km/sec, each with positive velocity gradient. The crust thins to 10 km at the coast near Pinotepa Nacional, where Precambrian metamorphic rocks are exposed 45 km from the mid-America trench. Offshore, the oceanic structure consists of an 8-km-thick crust with a normal crustal velocity structure (Spudich and Orcutt, 1980). The apparent dip of the subducting plate beneath western Mexico is 10°. On the oceanic side, strong reflections suggest a minimum depth of 35 km for the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. The asthenosphere has a seismic velocity of 7.6 km/sec, and a thin lid in which the velocity is 8.6 km/sec.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0760020547","usgsCitation":"Valdes, C., Mooney, W.D., Singh, S., Lomnitz, C., Luetgert, J.H., Helsley, C., Lewis, B., and Mena, M., 1986, Crustal structure of Oaxaca, Mexico, from seismic refraction measurements: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 76, no. 2, p. 547-563, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0760020547.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"547","endPage":"563","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374996,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/76/2/547/118837/Crustal-structure-of-Oaxaca-Mexico-from-seismic"},{"id":374997,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Oaxaca","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.041748046875,\n              15.114552871944115\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.361572265625,\n              15.114552871944115\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.361572265625,\n              19.093266636089712\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.041748046875,\n              19.093266636089712\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.041748046875,\n              15.114552871944115\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valdes, C.M.","contributorId":10664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdes","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Singh, S.K.","contributorId":104234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singh","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lomnitz, C.","contributorId":167753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lomnitz","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luetgert, James H. luetgert@usgs.gov","contributorId":4203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luetgert","given":"James","email":"luetgert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":789672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Helsley, C.E.","contributorId":106514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helsley","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lewis, B.T.R.","contributorId":224830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"B.T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mena, M.","contributorId":224831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mena","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70185552,"text":"70185552 - 1986 - Groundwater transport of strontium 90 in a glacial outwash environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:54:57","indexId":"70185552","displayToPublicDate":"1986-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater transport of strontium 90 in a glacial outwash environment","docAbstract":"<p><span>As part of the investigation of groundwater contamination at a uranium-scrap recovery plant at Wood River Junction, Rhode Island, laboratory experiments led to the development of a model for predicting the transport of strontium 90 in glacial outwash sediments based on an approximate mechanism for ion exchange. The multicomponent system was simplified to two components by regarding all exchangeable cations other than strontium 90 as a single component. The binary ion-exchange parameter was a function of the variable, total ion concentration. A one-dimensional solute transport model was formulated to evaluate the time necessary for natural groundwater flow to remove the strontium 90 contamination plume from the groundwater system to the Pawcatuck River. The finite difference transport equations were solved sequentially for total ion concentrations, then strontium 90 concentrations. Clay-free quartz and feldspar sands at the study site have little potential for strontium 90 sorption, and high calcium, magnesium, and sodium concentrations compete for the few ion exchange sites. As the total ion concentration plume moves out of the system, ion exchange of strontium 90 increases, reducing the strontium 90 concentration in the groundwater. Cleanout times predicted using the binary ion exchange mechanism were about two thirds of those predicted using a constant distribution coefficient. It is suggested that this type of model can simulate solute transport more realistically in many groundwater systems where the total ion concentration is not constant.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR022i004p00519","usgsCitation":"Kipp, K.L., Stollenwerk, K.G., and Grove, D.B., 1986, Groundwater transport of strontium 90 in a glacial outwash environment: Water Resources Research, v. 22, no. 4, p. 519-530, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i004p00519.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"519","endPage":"530","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","city":"Wood River Junction","volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df18e4b05ec79911d201","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kipp, Kenneth L. Jr.","contributorId":189754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kipp","given":"Kenneth","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grove, David B.","contributorId":74750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221502,"text":"5221502 - 1986 - Physiological condition of autumn-banded mallards and its relationship to hunting vulnerability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-15T15:18:39.457128","indexId":"5221502","displayToPublicDate":"1986-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physiological condition of autumn-banded mallards and its relationship to hunting vulnerability","docAbstract":"<p>An important topic of waterfowl ecology concerns the relationship between the physiological condition of ducks during the nonbreeding season and fitness, i.e., survival and future reproductive success. We investigated this subject using direct band recovery records of mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) banded in autumn (1 Oct-15 Dec) 1981-83 in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) [USA]. A condition index, weight (g)/wing length (mm), was calculated for each duck, and we tested whether condition of mallards at time of banding was related to their probability of recovery during the hunting season. In 3 years, 5,610 mallards were banded and there were 234 direct recoveries. Three binary regression model was used to test the relationship between recovery probability and condition. Likelihood-ratio tests were conducted to determine the most suitable model. For mallards banded in autumn there was a negative relationship between physical condition and the probability of recovery. Mallards in poor condition at the time of banding had a greater probability of being recovered during the hunting season. In general, this was true for all ages and sex classes; however, the strongest relationship occurred for adult males.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801893","usgsCitation":"Hepp, G.R., Blohm, R.J., Reynolds, R., Hines, J., and Nichols, J.D., 1986, Physiological condition of autumn-banded mallards and its relationship to hunting vulnerability: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 50, no. 2, p. 177-183, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801893.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"183","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196741,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Alluvial Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.27279718129824,\n              37.560644970364905\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.27279718129824,\n              30.15144184586643\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.93002851659321,\n              30.15144184586643\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.93002851659321,\n              37.560644970364905\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.27279718129824,\n              37.560644970364905\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685974","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hepp, Gary R.","contributorId":8191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hepp","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blohm, Robert J.","contributorId":202242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blohm","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36385,"text":"Division of Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service, Retired, Bowie, MD 20715, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":334005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reynolds, Robert E.","contributorId":113220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Robert E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":334004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":140652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":334002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70121355,"text":"70121355 - 1986 - Sediment transport simulation in an armoured stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-21T09:10:08","indexId":"70121355","displayToPublicDate":"1986-03-24T09:04:56","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Sediment transport simulation in an armoured stream","docAbstract":"Improved methods of calculating bed material stability and transport must be developed for a gravel bed stream having an armoured surface in order to use the HEC-6 model to examine channel change.  Good possibilities exist for use of a two layer model based on the Schoklitsch and the Einstein-Brown transport equations.  In Einstein-Brown the D35 of the armour is used for stabilities and the D50 of the bed (sub-surface) is used for transport.  Data on the armour and sub-surface size distribution needs to be obtained as part of a bed material study in a gravel bed river; a \"shovel\" sample is not adequate.  The Meyer-Peter, Muller equation should not be applied to a gravel bed stream with an armoured surface to estimate the initiation of transport or for calculation of transport at low effective bed shear stress.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Fourth Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference","conferenceTitle":"Fourth Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference","conferenceDate":"1986-03-24T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Subcommittee on Sedimentation of the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Milhous, R.T., Bradley, J.B., and Loeffler, C.L., 1986, Sediment transport simulation in an armoured stream, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292734,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707e4e4b05ec1f2431c17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milhous, Robert T.","contributorId":28646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milhous","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Jeffrey B.","contributorId":29272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loeffler, Cindy L.","contributorId":20262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loeffler","given":"Cindy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70121362,"text":"70121362 - 1986 - The application of habitat modeling to the desert tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-21T10:17:42","indexId":"70121362","displayToPublicDate":"1986-03-01T10:15:07","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The application of habitat modeling to the desert tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>)","docAbstract":"Habitat modeling offers an approach to understanding some management problems of desert tortoises (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>) and to focusing new research efforts.  Modeling can provide (1) a method to organize existing information, (2) a means to identify whether physical habitat or some factor outside the scope of the habitat model is limiting populations, (3) a method to integrate habitat into resource development planning, and (4) a mechanism for focusing research on missing species-habitat information.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Herpetologists' League","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","usgsCitation":"Schamberger, M.L., and Turner, F.B., 1986, The application of habitat modeling to the desert tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>): Herpetologica, v. 42, no. 1, p. 134-138.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"134","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707e5e4b05ec1f2431c2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schamberger, Melvin L.","contributorId":10474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schamberger","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Frederick B.","contributorId":44086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185584,"text":"70185584 - 1986 - Modeling contamination of shallow unconfined aquifers through infiltration beds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:18:28","indexId":"70185584","displayToPublicDate":"1986-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling contamination of shallow unconfined aquifers through infiltration beds","docAbstract":"<p><span>We model the transport of a simply reactive contaminant through an infiltration bed and underlying shallow, one-dimensional, unconfined aquifer with a plane, steeply sloping bottom in the assumed absence of dispersion and downgradient dilution. The effluent discharge and ambient groundwater flow under the infiltration beds are presumed to form a vertically mixed plume marked by an appreciable radial velocity component in the near field flow region. The near field analysis routes effluent contamination as a single linear reservoir whose output forms a source plane for the one-dimensional, far field flow region downgradient of the facility; the location and width of the source plane reflect the relative strengths of ambient flow and effluent discharge. We model far field contaminant transport, using an existing method of characteristics solution with frame speeds modified by recharge, bottom slope, and linear adsorption, and concentrations reflecting first-order reaction kinetics. The near and far field models simulate transport of synthetic detergents, chloride, total nitrogen, and boron in a contaminant plume at the Otis Air Force Base sewage treatment plant in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, with reasonable accuracy.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR022i003p00375","usgsCitation":"Ostendorf, D., 1986, Modeling contamination of shallow unconfined aquifers through infiltration beds: Water Resources Research, v. 22, no. 3, p. 375-382, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i003p00375.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"375","endPage":"382","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/834290","text":"External Repository"},{"id":338255,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts ","county":"Barnstable County","otherGeospatial":"Otis Air Force Base","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.63316345214844,\n              41.597472596288675\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.37155151367188,\n              41.597472596288675\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.37155151367188,\n              41.792816561051815\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.63316345214844,\n              41.792816561051815\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.63316345214844,\n              41.597472596288675\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d63039e4b05ec7991310f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostendorf, D.W.","contributorId":189794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ostendorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185583,"text":"70185583 - 1986 - Predictive accuracy of a ground-water model--Lessons from a postaudit","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:58:36","indexId":"70185583","displayToPublicDate":"1986-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictive accuracy of a ground-water model--Lessons from a postaudit","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrogeologic studies commonly include the development, calibration, and application of a deterministic simulation model. To help assess the value of using such models to make predictions, a postaudit was conducted on a previously studied area in the Salt River and lower Santa Cruz River basins in central Arizona. A deterministic, distributed-parameter model of the ground-water system in these alluvial basins was calibrated by Anderson (1968) using about 40 years of data (1923–64). The calibrated model was then used to predict future water-level changes during the next 10 years (1965–74). Examination of actual water-level changes in 77 wells from 1965–74 indicates a poor correlation between observed and predicted water-level changes. The differences have a mean of 73 ft that is, predicted declines consistently exceeded those observed and a standard deviation of 47 ft. The bias in the predicted water-level change can be accounted for by the large error in the assumed total pumpage during the prediction period. However, the spatial distribution of errors in predicted water-level change does not correlate with the spatial distribution of errors in pumpage. Consequently, the lack of precision probably is not related only to errors in assumed pumpage, but may indicate the presence of other sources of error in the model, such as the two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional problem or the lack of consideration of land-subsidence processes. This type of postaudit is a valuable method of verifying a model, and an evaluation of predictive errors can provide an increased understanding of the system and aid in assessing the value of undertaking development of a revised model.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1986.tb00993.x","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., 1986, Predictive accuracy of a ground-water model--Lessons from a postaudit: Groundwater, v. 24, no. 2, p. 173-184, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1986.tb00993.x.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"173","endPage":"184","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338253,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Salt River basin, Lower Santa Cruz River basins","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.40087890624999,\n              32.36140331527543\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.88525390624999,\n              32.36140331527543\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.88525390624999,\n              36.27970720524017\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.40087890624999,\n              36.27970720524017\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.40087890624999,\n              32.36140331527543\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d6303ae4b05ec7991310fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70218181,"text":"70218181 - 1986 - Kovats and lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-18T13:31:10.330047","indexId":"70218181","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-18T07:29:20","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2454,"text":"Journal of Separation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kovats and lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Retention indices of standard organic compounds of environmental interest were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, using a DB‐5 fused‐silica capillary column. Retention indices are useful references for tentative compound identification by gas chromatography, or confirmation by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. They provide elution order for isomers that might be indistinguishable based on mass spectra. Modified Kovats and Lee retention indices are given for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sulfur heterocycles; nitrogen heterocycles; aromatic amines; oxygen heterocycles; phenols; alcohols; ketones; alkanes; nitriles; and methylesters of fatty, dicarboxylic, and aromatic acids for comparison and reference. Retention index values for heterocycles by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry are comparable with gas chromatography values previously reported.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jhrc.1240090603","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C.E., and Pereira, W.E., 1986, Kovats and lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest: Journal of Separation Science, v. 9, no. 6, p. 328-334, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090603.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"328","endPage":"334","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383308,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, Colleen E. cerostad@usgs.gov","contributorId":833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"Colleen","email":"cerostad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":810374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pereira, Wilfred E.","contributorId":95552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"Wilfred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014478,"text":"70014478 - 1986 - Strain accumulation in the Shumagin and Yakataga seismic gaps, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-26T16:38:58.789819","indexId":"70014478","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strain accumulation in the Shumagin and Yakataga seismic gaps, Alaska","docAbstract":"Strain accumulation during the 1980-85 interval has been measured by means of trilateration surveys in the Shumagin and Yakataga seismic gaps, which are the two regions identified as the most likely sites for the next great thrust earthquakes along the Alaska-Aleutian arc. No significant strain accumulation was detected in the Shumagin gap, but experience at similar subduction zones and simple models of the subduction process suggest that a measurable amount of strain should have accumulated. The most likely explanation of the observation is that subduction mere is either aseismic or episodic. The strain accumulation measured in the Yakataga gap is consistent with that expected for the plate convergence rate, although the direction of maximum compression may suggest a somewhat more oblique convergence than expected.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.231.4738.585","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., Lisowski, M., and Prescott, W., 1986, Strain accumulation in the Shumagin and Yakataga seismic gaps, Alaska: Science, v. 231, no. 4738, p. 585-587, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.231.4738.585.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"585","endPage":"587","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226160,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska-Aleutian arc","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -189.10965580376075,\n              54.0918062192018\n            ],\n            [\n              -188.46998511535634,\n              51.42158520362793\n            ],\n            [\n              -180.51845149404588,\n              50.88545679504214\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.68033845898537,\n              51.398431819201264\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.36031661418076,\n              55.42197880703884\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.56256480877937,\n              58.55012529437823\n            ],\n            [\n              -174.27020316925132,\n              53.601097458724624\n            ],\n            [\n              -181.85788848341838,\n              53.27528445354847\n            ],\n            [\n              -189.10965580376075,\n              54.0918062192018\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"231","issue":"4738","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9895e4b08c986b31c0b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prescott, W.H.","contributorId":96337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014995,"text":"70014995 - 1986 - Depletion of 13C in Cretaceous marine organic matter: Source, diagenetic, or environmental sigal?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-18T16:14:22.737792","indexId":"70014995","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depletion of 13C in Cretaceous marine organic matter: Source, diagenetic, or environmental sigal?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Geochemical studies of Cretaceous strata rich in organic carbon (OC) from Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) sites and several land sections reveal several consistent relationships among amount of OC, hydrocarbon generating potential of kerogen (measured by pyrolysis as the hydrogen index, HI), and the isotopic composition of the OC. First, there is a positive correlation between HI and OC in strata that contain more than about 1% OC. Second, percent OC and HI often are negatively correlated with carbon isotopic composition (σ&nbsp;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C) of kerogen. The relationship between HI and OC indicates that as the amount of organic matter increases, this organic matter tends to be more lipid rich reflecting the marine source of the organic matter.</span></p><p><span>Cretaceous samples that contain predominantly marine organic matter tend to be isotopically lighter than those that contain predominantly terrestrial organic matter. Average σ&nbsp;<sup>13</sup>C values for organic matter from most Cretaceous sites are between −26 and −28‰, and values heavier than about −25‰ occur at very few sites. Most of the σ&nbsp;<sup>13</sup>C values of Miocene to Holocene OC-rich strata and modern marine plankton are between −16 to −23‰. Values of σ<sup>13</sup>C of modern terrestrial organic matter are mostly between −23 and −33‰.</span></p><p><span>The depletion of terrestial OC in&nbsp;<sup>13</sup>C relative to marine planktonic OC is the basis for numerous statements in the literature that isotopically light Cretaceous organic matter is of terrestrial origin, even though other organic geochemical and(or) optical indicators show that the organic matter is mainly of marine origin. A difference of about 5‰ in σ&nbsp;<sup>13</sup>C between modern and Cretaceous OC-rich marine strata suggests either that Cretaceous marine planktonic organic matter had the same isotopic signature as modern marine plankton and that signature has been changed by diagenesis, or that OC derived from Cretaceous marine plankton was isotopically lighter by about 5‰ relative to modern plankton OC. Diagenesis does not produce a significant shift in σ&nbsp;<sup>13</sup>C in Miocene to Holocene sediments, and therefore probably did not produce the isotopically light Cretaceous OC. This means that Cretaceous marine plankton must have had σ&nbsp;<sup>13</sup>C values that were about 5‰ lighter than modern marine plankton, and at least several per mil lighter than Cretaceous terrestrial vegetation. The reason for these lighter values, however, is not obvious. It has been proposed that concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;were higher during the middle Cretaceous, and this more available CO<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;may be responsible for the lighter σ&nbsp;<sup>13</sup>C values of Cretaceous marine organic matter.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(86)90092-7","usgsCitation":"Dean, W.E., Arthur, M.A., and Claypool, G.E., 1986, Depletion of 13C in Cretaceous marine organic matter: Source, diagenetic, or environmental sigal?: Marine Geology, v. 70, no. 1-2, p. 119-157, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(86)90092-7.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"157","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224180,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059feb1e4b0c8380cd4ee89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":369798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arthur, Michael A.","contributorId":90018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arthur","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Claypool, George E.","contributorId":76312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claypool","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014968,"text":"70014968 - 1986 - Identification of solute loading sources to a surface stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-22T16:34:42.54314","indexId":"70014968","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of solute loading sources to a surface stream","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>A study was performed to identify sources of solute loading to the Dirty Devil River and its major tributaries, in southeastern Utah. A primary goal was to determine the contribution of gypsum dissolution to total dissolved solids concentration, and its potential increase in the future if salinity control measures are instituted. Synoptic field data were collected during the low flow period in October 1983. Data were analyzed using the geochemistry models WATEQF and BALANCE to postulate mineral reactions leading to solute loading. Three known sources of solute loading, involving two different geochemical mechanisms, were clearly discernable. Two additional areas of possible gypsum dissolution were located.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb01863.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Rittmaster, R., and Mueller, D., 1986, Identification of solute loading sources to a surface stream: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 22, no. 1, p. 81-89, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb01863.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"89","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223791,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a383ce4b0c8380cd614c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rittmaster, R. L.","contributorId":55861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rittmaster","given":"R. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, D. K.","contributorId":93525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"D. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70207786,"text":"70207786 - 1986 - Late Neogene and Quaternary coarse-fraction and carbonate stratigraphies for Site 586 on Ontong-Java Plateau and Site 591 on Lord Howe Rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-18T15:52:35.098556","indexId":"70207786","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-10T11:53:25","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1996,"text":"Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P.","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Neogene and Quaternary coarse-fraction and carbonate stratigraphies for Site 586 on Ontong-Java Plateau and Site 591 on Lord Howe Rise","docAbstract":"<p>Carbonate oozes recovered by hydraulic piston coring at DSDP Site 586 on Ontong-Java Plateau and Site 591 on Lord Howe Rise have carbonate contents that are consistently higher than 90% with only minor variations. Consequently, paleoceanographic signals were not recorded in detail in the carbonate contents. However, mass accumulation rates of carbonate increased in the late Miocene to mid-Pliocene, reflecting an increase in productivity, then abruptly decreased from mid-Pliocene to the present. Variations in relative abundances of coarse material (foraminifers) and fine material (mostly calcareous nannofossils) do reflect histories of current winnowing and biogenic productivity at the two sites. The late Miocene from 10.5 to 6.5 m.y. ago was a time of relatively constant, quiet, pelagic sedimentation with typical southwest Pacific sedimentation rates of 20-25 m/m.y. The average coarse-fraction abundances are always higher at Site 586 than at Site 591, which reflects winnowing at Site 586. These conditions were interrupted between 6.5 to 4.0 m.y. ago when increased upwelling at the Subtropical Divergence and the Equatorial Divergence produced greater productivity of calcareous planktonic organisms. The increased productivity is suggested by large increases in both fineand coarse-fraction material and constant ratios of foraminifers to nannofossils. The maximum of productivity was about 4.0 m.y. ago. This period of increased upwelling is coincident with the inferred development of the West Antarctic ice sheet. The high productivity was followed by an abrupt increase in winnowing about 2.5 m.y. ago at Site 591, but not until about 2.0 m.y. ago at Site 586. By 2.0 m.y. ago in the late Pliocene, quiet, pelagic sedimentation conditions prevailed, similar to those of the late Miocene. The last 0.7 m.y. has been a period of relatively intense winnowing on Lord Howe Rise but not on Ontong-Java Plateau. </p><p>The coarse-fraction data have both long- and short-period fluctuations. Long-period fluctuations at Site 591 average about 850 × 103 yr./cycle and those at Site 586 average 430 × 103 yr./cycle. The highest amplitudes are found in the Pliocene and Quaternary sections. The short-period fluctuations range from 100 to 48 × 103 yr./cycle at Site 586 and from 250 to 33 × 103 yr./cycle at Site 591. The effects of local fluctuations of productivity and winnowing have modified the primary orbital forcing signals at these two sites to yield complex paleoceanographic records</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program","doi":"10.2973/dsdp.proc.90.129.1986","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J.V., Dean, W.E., Bisagno, L., and Eileen Hemphill-Haley, 1986, Late Neogene and Quaternary coarse-fraction and carbonate stratigraphies for Site 586 on Ontong-Java Plateau and Site 591 on Lord Howe Rise: Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P., v. 90, no. 2, p. 1020-1124, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.90.129.1986.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1020","endPage":"1124","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.90.129.1986","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Southwest Pacific Ocean, locations of DSDP Sites 206, 289, 586, and 591","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              143.26171875,\n              -51.508742458803326\n            ],\n            [\n              180.17578125,\n              -51.508742458803326\n            ],\n            [\n              180.17578125,\n              4.740675384778373\n            ],\n            [\n              143.26171875,\n              4.740675384778373\n            ],\n            [\n              143.26171875,\n              -51.508742458803326\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, J. V.","contributorId":114111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bisagno, Lynne","contributorId":221645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bisagno","given":"Lynne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eileen Hemphill-Haley","contributorId":206892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eileen Hemphill-Haley","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":779326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70226906,"text":"70226906 - 1986 - Unsteady, nonuniform landslide motion: 1. Theoretical dynamics and the steady datum state","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-20T21:09:37.692796","indexId":"70226906","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T15:00:41","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unsteady, nonuniform landslide motion: 1. Theoretical dynamics and the steady datum state","docAbstract":"<div class=\"col-lg-9 article__content\"><div class=\"article__body show-references \"><div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>Unsteady, nonuniform motion of persistently active landslides is a process of widespread importance. A general, three-dimensional theory aimed at elucidating this process is developed from physical principles and field measurements of landslide behavior. The theory employs a versatile constitutive model that represents landslides as deformable bodies composed of frictional, nonlinear viscoplastic material. The three-dimensional theory is reduced to a mathematically tracTable form by defining an ideal landslide datum state that consists of steady, unidirectional shear flow driven by ground-water seepage and gravitational forces. Solution of the datum-state equation of motion yields vertical landslide velocity profiles that can represent deformation styles ranging from shear-thickening viscoplastic flow to perfectly plastic frictional slip. This range of theoretical profiles encompasses the range of profiles measured in four persistently active northern California landslides. Also obtained from the datum-state equation of motion is an analytical solution for datum-state landslide sediment fluxes. An important feature of this solution is that it represents theoretical landslide sediment fluxes as a family of continuous-functions. The solution thus provides a mathematical basis for a general perturbation analysis of the kinematics of unsteady, nonuniform landslide motion, which will be presented in a companion paper in a subsequent issue of the Journal.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/629006","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., 1986, Unsteady, nonuniform landslide motion: 1. Theoretical dynamics and the steady datum state: Journal of Geology, v. 94, no. 1, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1086/629006.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393126,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70121243,"text":"70121243 - 1986 - Denning of grizzly bears in the Yellowstone National Park area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-20T12:47:59","indexId":"70121243","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T12:42:05","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":978,"text":"Bears: Their Biology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Denning of grizzly bears in the Yellowstone National Park area","docAbstract":"Radiotelemetry was used to locate 101 grizzly bear (<i>Ursus arctos</i>) dens from 1975 to 1980; 35 dens were examined on the ground.  Pregnant females denned in late October, and most other bears denned by mid-November.  Duration of denning average 113, 132, and 170 days for males, females, and females with new cubs, respectively.  Males emerged from mid-February to late March, followed by single females and females with yearlings and 2-year-olds.  Females with new cubs emerged from early mid-April.  Den sites were associated with moderate tree cover (26%-75% canopy cover) on 30°-60° slopes.  Dens occurred on all aspects, although northerly exposures were most common.  Grizzly bears usually dug new dens but occasionally used natural cavities or a den from a previous year.  Males usually dug larger dens than females with young.  Eight excavated and 2 natural dens of the 35 examined dens were used for more than 1 year.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bears: Their Biology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Conference on Bear Research and Management","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.2307/3872814","usgsCitation":"Judd, S.L., Knight, R.R., and Blanchard, B.M., 1986, Denning of grizzly bears in the Yellowstone National Park area: Bears: Their Biology and Management, v. 6, p. 111-117, https://doi.org/10.2307/3872814.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"117","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292639,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292638,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3872814"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Montana;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.156,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,44.1324 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f5b64ce4b09d12e0e8e67d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Judd, Steven L.","contributorId":90649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Judd","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knight, Richard R.","contributorId":68660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blanchard, Bonnie M.","contributorId":33633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Bonnie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70209667,"text":"70209667 - 1986 - Origin of the Mariano Lake uranium deposit, McKinley County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-20T17:41:57.154621","indexId":"70209667","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T12:37:57","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Origin of the Mariano Lake uranium deposit, McKinley County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p><span data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"></span></p><p>The Mariano Lake uranium deposit, hosted by the Brushy Basin Member of the Jurassic Morrison Formation, occurs in the Smith Lake district of the Grants uranium region, New Mexico. The orebody, contains abundant amorphous organic material, which suggests that it represents a primary-type deposit; however, the orebody is close to a regional reduction-oxidation interface, which suggests that uranium was secondarily redistributed by oxidative processes.</p><p>Uranium contents correlate positively with organic carbon contents. Petrographic evidence points to uranium residence in amorphous organic material that was post- depositionally introduced in the diagenetic history of the host sandstone. Uranium mineralization was preceded by precipitation of pyrite (δ<sup>34</sup>S values of — 11.0 to — 38.2 per mil), mixed-layer smectite-illite clays, and quartz and potassium feldspar overgrowths; and also partial dissolution of some detrital feldspars. Alterations associated with uranium mineralization include precipitation of the organic material, microcrys- talline quartz, and pyrite and marcasite (δ<sup>34</sup>S values of -29.4 to -41.6 per mil), and the destruction of detrital Fe-Ti oxide grains. Following mineralization, calcite, dolomite, barite, and kaolinite were precipitated, and some iron disulfides were replaced by ferric oxides.</p><p>Geochemical data and petrographic observations both indicate that the Mariano Lake orebody is a primary-type deposit. Oxidative processes have not noticeably redistributed uranium in the immediate vicinity of the deposit, nor have they greatly modified geochemical characteristics in the ore. Impedance of ground-water flow by local folds and the lower porosity characteristics of ore zones may have helped to preserve the deposit.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"A basin analysis case study: The Morrison Formation, Grants Uranium Region, New Mexico","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/St22455C13","usgsCitation":"Fishman, N.S., and Reynolds, R.L., 1986, Origin of the Mariano Lake uranium deposit, McKinley County, New Mexico, chap. <i>of</i> A basin analysis case study: The Morrison Formation, Grants Uranium Region, New Mexico, v. 22 , p. 211-226, https://doi.org/10.1306/St22455C13.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"226","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374123,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"McKinley County","otherGeospatial":"Mariano Lake Uranium Deposit","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.0283203125,\n              34.9805024453652\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.74316406249999,\n              34.9805024453652\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.74316406249999,\n              36.39033486213649\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.0283203125,\n              36.39033486213649\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.0283203125,\n              34.9805024453652\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishman, Neil S.","contributorId":106464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":139068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70121387,"text":"70121387 - 1986 - Vegetation and soil recovery in wilderness campsites closed to visitor use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-21T11:51:18","indexId":"70121387","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T11:49:35","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation and soil recovery in wilderness campsites closed to visitor use","docAbstract":"Recreational use of wilderness results in impacts to vegetation and soil in trails and campsites. Traditionally, campsite impact studies have compared campsites receiving various levels of use with unused control areas. Field studies in Sequoia National Park, California, indicate that the degree of impact to vegetation and soils also varies within campsites. The central areas of campsites, where trampling is concentrated, show lower plant species diversity, differences in relative species cover, more highly compacted soils, and lower soil nutrient concentrations than do peripheral, moderately trampled, and untrampled areas within the same campsite. Three years after closure to visitor use, the central areas show less increase in mean foliar plant cover, and soils remain more highly compacted than in previously moderately trampled areas of the same sites. Changes in relative species cover over time are used to assess both resiliency to trampling and species composition recovery within campsites closed to visitor use.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/BF01867262","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T.J., and Parsons, D.J., 1986, Vegetation and soil recovery in wilderness campsites closed to visitor use: Environmental Management, v. 10, no. 3, p. 375-380, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01867262.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"380","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292776,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01867262"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sequoia National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.919577,36.291376 ], [ -118.919577,36.70081 ], [ -118.234767,36.70081 ], [ -118.234767,36.291376 ], [ -118.919577,36.291376 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707e7e4b05ec1f2431c47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, Thomas J. 0000-0001-9696-4450 stohlgrent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9696-4450","contributorId":2902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"Thomas","email":"stohlgrent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, David J.","contributorId":39249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70121371,"text":"70121371 - 1986 - Grizzly bear habitat research in Glacier National Park, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-16T16:56:11","indexId":"70121371","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T10:55:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Grizzly bear habitat research in Glacier National Park, Montana","docAbstract":"Grizzly bear habitat research began in 1967 and is continuing in Glacier National Park, MT.  Direct observations and fecal analysis revealed a relatively definable pattern of habitat use by the bears.  Habitat data were subsequently used to develop management models and explore the relationships between grizzlies and park visitors.  Current research strategy is based on the concept that humans are an integral components of grizzly bear habitat.  A geographic information system is being developed to assist in the application of habitat data.  In addition, the behavioral response of grizzlies to annual changes in food production is being studied.  Management that addresses bears, humans, and their habitat as a system is proposed.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"USDA Forest Service General Technical Report Proceedings: Grizzly Bear Habitat Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Grizzly Bear Habitat Symposium","conferenceDate":"1985-04-29T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Missoula, MT","language":"English","publisher":"Intermountain Research Station","publisherLocation":"Ogden, UT","usgsCitation":"Martinka, C., and Kendall, K., 1986, Grizzly bear habitat research in Glacier National Park, Montana, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292759,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.4755,48.2337 ], [ -114.4755,49.001 ], [ -113.242,49.001 ], [ -113.242,48.2337 ], [ -114.4755,48.2337 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707dde4b05ec1f2431be2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martinka, C.J.","contributorId":51418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinka","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, K.C.","contributorId":39716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199832,"text":"70199832 - 1986 - Physio-chemical processes affecting copper, tin and zinc toxicity to algae: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-01T10:49:50","indexId":"70199832","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T10:47:29","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Physio-chemical processes affecting copper, tin and zinc toxicity to algae: A review","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter focuses on the physic-chemical processes affecting copper, zinc, and tin toxicity to algae. Both Cu and Zn are essential algal micronutrients, cofactors in numerous biochemical processes. The availability of a nutrient or toxic substance can be significantly affected by precipitation. Methods for modeling the effects of adsorption–desorption reactions have been previously reviewed. Useful predictions of algal response require an understanding of the relative importance of these interactions (both magnitude and time dependence). Photoreduction and dissolution of Mn oxides by dissolved humic substances has been proposed as an important factor regulating dissolved Mn distribution in seawater. Photodegradation of iron (Fe) chelates also enhances Fe uptake by algae. Anderson&nbsp;</span><i>et al.</i><span>observed that Fe uptake by&nbsp;</span><i>Thalassiosira weissflogii</i><span>&nbsp;in a chemically defined medium dominated by FeEDTA complexation doubled in the presence of light.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies in environmental science","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0166-1116(08)72175-7","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J.S., 1986, Physio-chemical processes affecting copper, tin and zinc toxicity to algae: A review, chap. 9 <i>of</i> Studies in environmental science, p. 129-144, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-1116(08)72175-7.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"144","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357943,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, James S. 0000-0003-2502-1601 kuwabara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-1601","contributorId":3374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"James","email":"kuwabara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70207430,"text":"70207430 - 1986 - Geochronology of augen gneiss and related rocks, Yukon-Tanana terrane, east-central Alaska ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T10:28:14","indexId":"70207430","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T10:26:18","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochronology of augen gneiss and related rocks, Yukon-Tanana terrane, east-central Alaska ","docAbstract":"<p>Using several isotopic techniques, we have determined the ages of selected metamorphic rocks in the Yukon-Tanana terrane (YTT) of east-central Alaska. U-Pb zircon data from an augen gneiss body in the Big Delta quadrangle indicate that the granitoid protolith of the gneiss was intruded 341 ± 3 m.y. ago (lower intercept age). An upper intercept age of 2,136 ± 31 m.y. indicates an inherited early Proterozoic component in these zircons. This inheritance age is substantiated by a Sm-Nd whole-rock model age of 2.09 ± 0.08 b.y. from the Big Delta augen gneiss body. Detrital zircons from quartzitic wall rocks to this body were also derived from an early Proterozoic (∼2.1 to 2.3 b.y. old) crustal source(s). Zircons from three other augen gneisses occurring in an east-west belt which extends into the southern Yukon Territory, Canada, have similar Mississippian and early Proterozoic intercept ages. A Rb-Sr whole-rock isochron from widely separated bodies of augen gneiss has an age of 333 ± 26 m.y. and an initial<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratio of 0.728 ± 0.002, confirming the Mississippian intrusive age for the protolith. The high initial<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratio further indicates an old crustal component in these rocks. A Rb-Sr mineral isochron (115 ± 4 m.y.), K-Ar data from hornblende and micas (128 to 107 m.y.), and U-Pb data from sphene (134. m.y.) from augen gneiss and related rocks are similar to many K-Ar ages in this region and confirm the occurrence of an early Cretaceous thermal event. U-Pb ages of zircons from three metavolcanic units in the YTT suggest that extrusion of the protoliths of these rocks occurred 360–380 m.y. ago. Scatter in the data is caused by ubiquitous inheritance and multiple lead-loss events.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1986)97<626:GOAGAR>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Aleinikoff, J.N., Dusel-Bacon, C., and Foster, H.L., 1986, Geochronology of augen gneiss and related rocks, Yukon-Tanana terrane, east-central Alaska : Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 97, no. 5, p. 626-637, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1986)97<626:GOAGAR>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"626","endPage":"637","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370472,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -159.78515624999997,\n              61.77312286453146\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.50390625,\n              61.77312286453146\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.50390625,\n              69.28725695167886\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.78515624999997,\n              69.28725695167886\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.78515624999997,\n              61.77312286453146\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foster, Helen L.","contributorId":56195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70121365,"text":"70121365 - 1986 - Evaluating the structure of habitat for wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-21T10:25:30","indexId":"70121365","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T10:24:31","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Evaluating the structure of habitat for wildlife","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife 2000: Modeling habitat relationships of terrestrial vertebrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","usgsCitation":"Short, H., and Williamson, S., 1986, Evaluating the structure of habitat for wildlife, chap. <i>of</i> Wildlife 2000: Modeling habitat relationships of terrestrial vertebrates, p. 97-107.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707d8e4b05ec1f2431bcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Short, H.L.","contributorId":59147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williamson, S.C.","contributorId":38903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70121358,"text":"70121358 - 1986 - Concepts and constraints of habitat model testing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-21T09:51:20","indexId":"70121358","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T09:50:23","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Concepts and constraints of habitat model testing","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife 2000: Modeling habitat relationships of terrestrial vertebrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","publisherLocation":"Madison, WI","usgsCitation":"Schamberger, M., and O'Neil, J., 1986, Concepts and constraints of habitat model testing, chap. <i>of</i> Wildlife 2000: Modeling habitat relationships of terrestrial vertebrates, p. 5-10.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292740,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707d6e4b05ec1f2431b9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schamberger, M.","contributorId":41348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schamberger","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Neil, J.","contributorId":98232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Neil","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70202815,"text":"70202815 - 1986 - Larval settlement into marine soft-sediment systems: Interactions with the meiofauna","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-27T09:41:02","indexId":"70202815","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T09:40:01","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Larval settlement into marine soft-sediment systems: Interactions with the meiofauna","docAbstract":"<p>The distribution and abundance of organisms exhibiting complex life cycles, like marine invertebrates, reflect ecological processes operating at all stages in the life history. Few studies have yet considered the mortality patterns of larvae and juveniles. To test whether the permanent meiofauna play a role in macrofaunal larval site-selection, and/or if permanent meiofaunal predators or competitors and disturbers are a significant source of mortality for newly settled macrofaunal juveniles, a series of manipulations of meiofauna were performed. Densities of (1) predatory turbellarians alone, and (2) other meiofauna, were increased in small boxes placed on a holding table in a shallow subtidal habitat. Natural settlement into meiofauna manipulations was examined approximately monthly for a year. Other experiments were conducted to examine the relative importance of site-selection and post-settlement mortality and to determine if settlement was density-dependent or density-independent.</p><p>Densities of spionid, cirratulid, terebellid, capitellid, and maldanid polychaetes, oligochaetes, bivalves, and amphipods were all reduced by high densities of turbellarians, and sometimes by other meiofauna. Turbellarian predation was responsible for significant post-settlement mortality, but spionids, cirratulids, terebellids, and maldanids also appeared to avoid dense turbellarian treatments. Bivalve densities were reduced by high densities of other meiofauna, probably due to their sedimentary disturbance. Syllid polychaete densities were higher in turbellarian treatments, suggesting that they select for areas with high densities of their prey (small turbellarians). The effects of meiofauna on settlement and survival were greatest in spring and summer. The results of these experiments suggest larval settlement patterns and early juvenile survival should be considered in developing general models of life history and community structure for soft-sediment systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-0981(86)90076-6","usgsCitation":"Watzin, M.C., 1986, Larval settlement into marine soft-sediment systems: Interactions with the meiofauna: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 98, no. 1-2, p. 65-113, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(86)90076-6.","productDescription":"49 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"113","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362356,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watzin, Mary C.","contributorId":214534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watzin","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70180817,"text":"70180817 - 1986 - A model for selecting harvest fraction for aggregate populations of hatchery and wild anadromous salmonids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T13:36:33","indexId":"70180817","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A model for selecting harvest fraction for aggregate populations of hatchery and wild anadromous salmonids","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of a symposium on the role of fish culture in fisheries management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"McIntyre, J., and Reisenbichler, R., 1986, A model for selecting harvest fraction for aggregate populations of hatchery and wild anadromous salmonids, <i>in</i> Proceedings of a symposium on the role of fish culture in fisheries management, p. 179-189.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"179","endPage":"189","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334696,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4d5e4b0fa1e59bc1ecb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stroud, Richard M.","contributorId":179078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stroud","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662515,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"McIntyre, J.D.","contributorId":27006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reisenbichler, R.R.","contributorId":77356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reisenbichler","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001273,"text":"1001273 - 1986 - Winter ecology of bald eagles in southcentral Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T07:10:42","indexId":"1001273","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3111,"text":"Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter ecology of bald eagles in southcentral Nebraska","docAbstract":"Approximately 200 bald eagles wintered along a 370-km section of the Platte and North Platte rivers in Nebraska during the winters of 1978-79 and 1979-80. A preponderance of the wintering eagles were adults, with the adult:subadult ratio highest during the harsh winter of 1978-79. Nocturnal roosts were located primarily in tree plantings near the river, with mean tree age at the roosts ranging from 39 to 84 years. Bald eagles utilized a diverse prey base that included fish, birds, and mammals. Remains of 56 prey species were identified from pellets; 76% of pellets contained birds, 34% mammals, and 11% fish. Eagles foraged principally on fish when ice covered less than 80% of channels and water levels were moderate to low. Waterfowl and mammals dominated the diet when the river was almost entirely frozen or water levels were high. Mallards, eastern cottontails, and carp were the principal avian, mammalian, and piscine prey, respectively. Eagles traveled long distances from the river to feed on field-feeding waterfowl when alternate prey were not available. 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