{"pageNumber":"1472","pageRowStart":"36775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46700,"records":[{"id":27810,"text":"wri894107 - 1989 - Estimating pumping time and ground-water withdrawals using energy- consumption data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:43","indexId":"wri894107","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4107","title":"Estimating pumping time and ground-water withdrawals using energy- consumption data","docAbstract":"Evaluation of the hydrology of an aquifer requires knowledge about the volume of groundwater in storage and also about the volume of groundwater withdrawals. Totalizer flow meters may be installed at pumping plants to measure withdrawals; however, it generally is impractical to equip all pumping plants in an area with meters. A viable alternative is the use of rate-time methods. Rate-time methods may be used at individual pumping plants to decrease the data collection necessary for determining withdrawals. At sites where pumping-time measurement devices are not installed, pumping time may be determined on the basis of energy consumption and power demand. At pumping plants where energy consumption is metered, data acquired by reading of meters is used to estimate pumping time. Care needs to be taken to read these meters correctly. At pumping plants powered by electricity, the calculations need to be modified if transformers are present. At pumping plants powered by natural gas, the effects of the pressure-correction factor need to be included in the calculations. At pumping plants powered by gasoline, diesel oil, or liquid petroleum gas, the geometry of storage tanks needs to be analyzed as part of the calculations. The relation between power demand and pumping rate at a pumping plant can be described through the use of the power-consumption coefficient. Where equipment and hydrologic conditions are stable, this coefficient can be applied to total energy consumption at a site to estimate total groundwater withdrawals. Random sampling of power consumption coefficients can be used to estimate area-wide groundwater withdrawal. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894107","usgsCitation":"Hurr, R., and Litke, D.W., 1989, Estimating pumping time and ground-water withdrawals using energy- consumption data: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4107, iv, 27 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894107.","productDescription":"iv, 27 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4107/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56642,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4107/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc8c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurr, R. T.","contributorId":20713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurr","given":"R. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Litke, D. W.","contributorId":94346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litke","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27988,"text":"wri894081 - 1989 - Hydrogeology and results of aquifer tests in the vicinity of a hazardous-waste disposal site near Byron, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-14T18:25:34.408189","indexId":"wri894081","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4081","title":"Hydrogeology and results of aquifer tests in the vicinity of a hazardous-waste disposal site near Byron, Illinois","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, conducted an investigation of a Superfund Site near Byron, Illinois. The purpose of the investigation was to determine the hydrogeologic properties of the Galena-Platteville and St. Peter aquifers, the primary water-supply aquifers for domestic supply in the area. The Galena and Platteville Groups and older St. Peter Sandstone are separated by the Harmony Hill Shale Member of the Glenwood Formation. The Harmony Hill Shale Member is a semiconfining unit. Groundwater flow in the study area is from the site northwestward to the Rock River. Movement of groundwater in the dolomites is mainly through joints, fractures, and solution openings. Analysis of the Galena-Platteville aquifer-test data indicates that the calculated aquifer transmissivity ranges from 490 to 670 sq ft/day, and the calculated specific yield ranges from 0.017 to 0.140. Aquifer test data also indicate that the Galena-Platteville aquifer is heterogeneous and anisotropic. Analysis of the St. Peter aquifer-test data indicates that the calculated transmissivity of the aquifer ranges from 1,200 to 1 ,305 sq ft/day, storativity ranges from 0.000528 to 0.00128, horizontal hydraulic conductivity ranges from 2.9 to 3.1 ft/day, and leakage through the Harmony Hill Shale Member ranges from .000123 to .000217 ft/day/ft.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894081","usgsCitation":"Kay, R.T., Olson, D.N., and Ryan, B.J., 1989, Hydrogeology and results of aquifer tests in the vicinity of a hazardous-waste disposal site near Byron, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4081, vi, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894081.","productDescription":"vi, 56 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414114,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47189.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":56811,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4081/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4081/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Byron","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.3333,\n              42.1083\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.3333,\n              42.0625\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.2917,\n              42.0625\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.2917,\n              42.1083\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.3333,\n              42.1083\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db6254b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kay, Robert T. 0000-0002-6281-8997 rtkay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6281-8997","contributorId":1122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kay","given":"Robert","email":"rtkay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":199019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olson, David N.","contributorId":66305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, Barbara J.","contributorId":62989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29482,"text":"wri894070 - 1989 - A computer program for converting rectangular coordinates to latitude-longitude coordinates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri894070","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4070","title":"A computer program for converting rectangular coordinates to latitude-longitude coordinates","docAbstract":"A computer program was developed for converting the coordinates of any rectangular grid on a map to coordinates on a grid that is parallel to lines of equal latitude and longitude. Using this program in conjunction with groundwater flow models, the user can extract data and results from models with varying grid orientations and place these data into grid structure that is oriented parallel to lines of equal latitude and longitude. All cells in the rectangular grid must have equal dimensions, and all cells in the latitude-longitude grid measure one minute by one minute. This program is applicable if the map used shows lines of equal latitude as arcs and lines of equal longitude as straight lines and assumes that the Earth 's surface can be approximated as a sphere. The program user enters the row number , column number, and latitude and longitude of the midpoint of the cell for three test cells on the rectangular grid. The latitude and longitude of boundaries of the rectangular grid also are entered. By solving sets of simultaneous linear equations, the program calculates coefficients that are used for making the conversion. As an option in the program, the user may build a groundwater model file based on a grid that is parallel to lines of equal latitude and longitude. The program reads a data file based on the rectangular coordinates and automatically forms the new data file. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894070","usgsCitation":"Rutledge, A.T., 1989, A computer program for converting rectangular coordinates to latitude-longitude coordinates: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4070, iii, 16 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894070.","productDescription":"iii, 16 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4070/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58326,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4070/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b09b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rutledge, A. T.","contributorId":38532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutledge","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30554,"text":"wri884129 - 1989 - Cost-effectiveness of the streamflow-gaging program in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T12:11:57","indexId":"wri884129","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4129","title":"Cost-effectiveness of the streamflow-gaging program in Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>A three-step analysis of the cost-effectiveness of the streamflow-gaging program in Minnesota is documented in this report.</p>\n<p>In the first step of the analysis, the data uses and funding sources were identified for the 96 continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations operated in 1985. Nineteen sources of funding and 42 uses were identified for the data collected in this program. Two stations were identified as producing data no longer sufficiently needed to warrant continuing their operation. Three other stations were identified as having uses specific to short-term studies. One station was destroyed in 1985. It is recommended that the remaining 90 station be maintained in the program for the foreseeable future.</p>\n<p>In the second step, multiple-linear-regression analysis was investigated as a possible method for providing the data collected at 23 stations. The multiple-linear-regression method was not sufficiently accurate to provide the needed data, and it is recommended that the 23 stations remain in the program. It also is recommended that flow-routing methods be investigated to see if they could provide the needed data for stations on the Red Lake River, the upper Minnesota River, and on the Mississippi River in the Minneapolis-St Paul metropolitan area.</p>\n<p>In the third step, the cost-effectiveness of collecting data from 77 of the remaining 90 stations was determined for the open-water period, April 1 through October 30. Data for 13 stations are provided to the U.S. Geological Survey or are collected at fixed intervals and were, therefore, not used in the analysis. The average standard error per station for estimation of the streamflow records is about 24 percent for the statewide network, about 11 percent for the stations operated by the St. Paul field office, about 22 percent for the stations operated by the Grand Rapids field office, and about 37 percent for the stations operated by the Montevideo field office.</p>\n<p>The current policy for collecting data from the 77 stations during the open-water period cost $198,000 in 1985. The estimated average standard error per station for the statewide network could be reduced from 24.4 percent to 20.6 percent at the $198,000 budget, if the minimum number of discharge measurements at each station were reduced from five to three during the open-water period and the remaining budget were used to make additional discharge measurements at stations with large standard errors.</p>\n<p>It is recommended that, before this data-collection plan is implemented, the effects of the plan on the cost of collecting data be evaluated for (1) possible increased lost record because of the data collection plan, and (2) the possible need for additional trips to visit noncontinuous-record stations. It also is recommended that the data-accuracy needs of the funding agencies be considered before the plan is implemented.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri884129","usgsCitation":"Winterstein, T.A., and Arntson, A., 1989, Cost-effectiveness of the streamflow-gaging program in Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4129, v, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884129.","productDescription":"v, 94 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4129/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59321,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4129/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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,{"id":28800,"text":"wri894108 - 1989 - Geohydrology and ground-water quality at selected sites in Meade County, Kentucky, 1987-88","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:44","indexId":"wri894108","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4108","title":"Geohydrology and ground-water quality at selected sites in Meade County, Kentucky, 1987-88","docAbstract":"Meade County in north-central Kentucky is about 305 sq mi in size, and is underlain by thick beds of limestone and dolomite which are the principal sources of drinking water for about 8 ,500 residents. About half the area contains mature, karst terrain with abundant sinkholes, springs, and caves. Because of this karst terrain, groundwater is susceptible to rapid changes in water quality and contamination from human sources. Thirty-seven wells and 12 springs were selected as sampling points to characterize groundwater quality in the area. Water was analyzed for major anions and cations, nitrates, trace elements, and organic compounds. Water from selected sites was also analyzed for fecal species of coliform streptococci bacteria and total coliform content. Except for fluoride and lead, the water quality was within the range expected for carbonate aquifers.The fluoride content was significantly higher in water from wells than in water from springs. Concentrations of detectable lead ranged from 10 to 50 micrograms/L and had a median value of 7.5 microg/L. Dissolved solids ranged from 100 to 2,200 mg/L and the median value was 512 mg/L. Hardness ranged from 20 to 1,100 mg/L and the median value was 290 mg/L. Organic compounds detected by the gas chromatographic/flame ionization detection scans, did not indicate evidence of concentrations in excess of the current Federal drinking water standards. Analysis for specific organic compounds indicated that the presence of these compounds was associated with agricultural chemicals, usually pesticides. Total coliform content exceeded drinking water standards in water from all 12 springs and in 18 wells. Statistical analysis of the groundwater quality data indicates that the variance of the concentrations of fluoride and chloride may be attributed to the site type. There was strong correlation between hardness and dissolved solids, hardness and sulfate, and sulfate and dissolved solids. No apparent relations were detected between water quality and the geographic location of sampling sites. However, seasonal variations were detected in the concentrations of dissolved solids, hardness, and iron. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894108","usgsCitation":"Mull, D.S., Alexander, A., and Schultz, P., 1989, Geohydrology and ground-water quality at selected sites in Meade County, Kentucky, 1987-88: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4108, vi, 67 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894108.","productDescription":"vi, 67 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4108/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57668,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4108/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688591","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mull, D. S.","contributorId":43331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mull","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander, A.G.","contributorId":93938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schultz, P.E.","contributorId":28634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28539,"text":"wri884171 - 1989 - Potential for saltwater intrusion into the Upper Floridan aquifer, Hernando and Manatee Counties, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-13T17:44:09.51239","indexId":"wri884171","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4171","title":"Potential for saltwater intrusion into the Upper Floridan aquifer, Hernando and Manatee Counties, Florida","docAbstract":"Pumpage from the Upper Floridan aquifer has caused a lowering of the potentiometric surface and has increased potential for saltwater intrusion into the aquifer in coastal areas of west-central Florida. Groundwater withdrawals are likely to increase because of expected population growth, especially in coastal areas. To increase the understanding of the potential and mechanics of saltwater intrusion, two sites were selected for study. Data were collected at each site from a centrally located deep well, and digital models were developed to simulate groundwater flow and solute transport. The northern site is in Hernando County near the town of Aripeka. The test well in the area was drilled about 1 mile from the coast to a depth of 820 ft. Freshwater was present in the carbonate rock aquifer to a depth of about 500 ft and saltwater occurred from 560 ft to the base of the aquifer at about 750 ft. Between the freshwater and saltwater is the zone of transition, also referred to as the freshwater-saltwater interface. The southern site is in Manatee County near the town of Rubonia. Drilling of the test well was completed at 1,260 ft, just below the base of the Upper Floridan aquifer. The transition zone in this well occurs between 875 and 975 ft within a highly permeable zone. Digital simulations show flow patterns similar to the cyclic flow of seawater and interface theory. Simulations have shown that saltwater contamination of coastal wells would not be noticed as quickly as water-level declines resulting from inland pumpage. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884171","usgsCitation":"Mahon, G., 1989, Potential for saltwater intrusion into the Upper Floridan aquifer, Hernando and Manatee Counties, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4171, iv, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884171.","productDescription":"iv, 47 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119049,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4171/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57352,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4171/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":466123,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47075.htm","text":"Hernando County"},{"id":466124,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47076.htm","text":"Manatee 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G.L. 0000-0002-7410-0261","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-0261","contributorId":28636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahon","given":"G.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25960,"text":"wri884222 - 1989 - Evaluation of a watershed model to simulate sediment transport in a small agricultural watershed in Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T10:36:58","indexId":"wri884222","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4222","title":"Evaluation of a watershed model to simulate sediment transport in a small agricultural watershed in Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>The streamflow and sediment components of the watershed model, ' Hydrologic Simulation Program-Fortran ', were evaluated using 2 years and 9 months of data from a 2.7-sq mi agricultural watershed in Indiana. Hydrographs of simulated sediment concentration generally have smaller peaks and longer recessions than do hydrographs of measured data. The attenuation of simulated peaks was partly caused by difficulties in designing a representative channel system. Simulated surface runoff during low-intensity rainfall was greater than measured surface runoff; this caused an overestimation of sediment concentration and discharge. Rainfalls of low intensity were mostly absorbed by the soil, but the model predicted that the amount of surface runoff from such storms would be large. The overly large volume of simulated surface runoff transported more sediment than actually occurred. The mean absolute error of mean sediment concentrations during storms is 45% of the measured average concentration. The error resulted from a combination of error in recording streamflow and rainfall, in simulating streamflows, and in simulating sedimentation processes. The largest percent errors are associated with simulated maximum streamflows and average sediment discharges. The root-mean-square errors are 93 and 102% of the measured maximum streamflow and average sediment discharges. (USGS)</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri884222","usgsCitation":"Arihood, L.D., 1989, Evaluation of a watershed model to simulate sediment transport in a small agricultural watershed in Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4222, iv, 40 p. :ill., one map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884222.","productDescription":"iv, 40 p. :ill., one map ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4222/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54710,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4222/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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,{"id":29043,"text":"wri894082 - 1989 - Estimates of monthly streamflow characteristics at selected sites in the upper Missouri River basin, Montana, base period water years 1937-86","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:45","indexId":"wri894082","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4082","title":"Estimates of monthly streamflow characteristics at selected sites in the upper Missouri River basin, Montana, base period water years 1937-86","docAbstract":"Estimates of streamflow characteristics (monthly mean flow that is exceeded 90, 80, 50, and 20 percent of the time for all years of record and mean monthly flow) were made and are presented in tabular form for 312 sites in the Missouri River basin in Montana. Short-term gaged records were extended to the base period of water years 1937-86, and were used to estimate monthly streamflow characteristics at 100 sites. Data from 47 gaged sites were used in regression analysis relating the streamflow characteristics to basin characteristics and to active-channel width. The basin-characteristics equations, with standard errors of 35% to 97%, were used to estimate streamflow characteristics at 179 ungaged sites. The channel-width equations, with standard errors of 36% to 103%, were used to estimate characteristics at 138 ungaged sites. Streamflow measurements were correlated with concurrent streamflows at nearby gaged sites to estimate streamflow characteristics at 139 ungaged sites. In a test using 20 pairs of gages, the standard errors ranged from 31% to 111%. At 139 ungaged sites, the estimates from two or more of the methods were weighted and combined in accordance with the variance of individual methods. When estimates from three methods were combined the standard errors ranged from 24% to 63 %. A drainage-area-ratio adjustment method was used to estimate monthly streamflow characteristics at seven ungaged sites. The reliability of the drainage-area-ratio adjustment method was estimated to be about equal to that of the basin-characteristics method. The estimate were checked for reliability. Estimates of monthly streamflow characteristics from gaged records were considered to be most reliable, and estimates at sites with actual flow record from 1937-86 were considered to be completely reliable (zero error). Weighted-average estimates were considered to be the most reliable estimates made at ungaged sites. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894082","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., Johnson, D., and Hull, J.A., 1989, Estimates of monthly streamflow characteristics at selected sites in the upper Missouri River basin, Montana, base period water years 1937-86: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4082, iv, 103 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894082.","productDescription":"iv, 103 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4082/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57909,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4082/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b4e4b07f02db5ca667","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, Charles","contributorId":9635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, D.R.","contributorId":92711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hull, J. A.","contributorId":39345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hull","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":25923,"text":"wri874040 - 1989 - Effects of agriculture on quality of water in surficial sand-plain aquifers in Douglas, Kandiyohi, Pope, and Stearns counties, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T10:14:16","indexId":"wri874040","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4040","title":"Effects of agriculture on quality of water in surficial sand-plain aquifers in Douglas, Kandiyohi, Pope, and Stearns counties, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>The 245 water samples collected from 56 wells at 45 sites in surficial sand-plain aquifers that underlie 600 square miles of Douglas, Kandiyohi, Pope, and Stearns Counties in west-central Minnesota contained wide ranges in concentrations of some constituents--sulfate 2 to 160 mg/L (milligrams per liter), chloride 1.6 to 64 mg/L, nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen &lt; (less than) 0.1 to 72 mg/L, ammonia &lt;0.01 to 3.3 mg/L , iron &lt;0.003 to 8.6 mg/L, and managanese &lt;0.001 to 1.5 mg/L . Substantial fluctuations in these constituents over time were observed. Nitrate concentrations exceeded the Minnesota drinking-water standard of 10 mg/L (as N) in 50 percent of the wells sampled.</p>\n<p>Differences in concentrations of nitrate with depth below the water table were observed at 11 paired-well sites where one well was screened near the water table and another well was screened 10 or more feet below the water table. Similar differences in concentration with depth were observed in specific conductance, iron, chloride, and sulfate, but not as consistently. At eight sites, nitrate concentrations were higher at the water table (4.3 to 72 mg/L) than deeper in the aquifer (&lt;0.1 to 27 mg/L). At the other three sites, nitrate concentrations were greater at depth than at the water table, although the contrast in concentrations was not as large. Increased concentration at depth is attributed to vertical mixing at the three sites, possibly caused by rapid infiltration of more dilute water from ephemeral ponds following storms. The more dilute water displaces the high-nitrate water to greater depth.</p>\n<p>Nitrate concentrations fluctuated seasonally in response to the combined effects of precipitation and agricultural practices (irrigation and fertilization). Nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations in one Stearns County well fluctuated from 35 mg/L in August 1982, to 72 mg/L in May 1983, to 18 mg/L in May 1984. In 12 wells for which historical data were available, the mean nitrate concentration during this study (1982-84) was greater than the mean concentration during previous studies (1965-78), although the amount of increase in nitrate concentrations observed over the previous 10 or more years was not as great as the seasonal fluctuations observed during this study. Short-term seasonal fluctuations are greater than apparent historical increases in nitrate concentration.</p>\n<p>Concentrations of sulfate, chloride, and, especially, nitrate were significantly higher in irrigated areas than in uncultivated areas. Mean nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations were 4.3 mg/L in uncultivated (natural) areas relatively unaffected by agriculture, 5.4 mg/L in nonirrigated cultivated areas, and 17 mg/L in irrigated cultivated areas. The mean nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentration in uncultivated areas was greater than the usually observed background levels of less than 1 mg/L (as nitrogen), which may indicate that areas thought to be natural actually are affected by agricultural land use. Several statistical tests indicate that nitrate concentrations are significantly higher in irrigated cultivated areas than in nonirrigated cultivated areas. The difference in nitrate concentrations between irrigated and nonirrigated areas suggests that nitrate from agricultural fertilizer is being leached during heavy rainfall or irrigation periods as a result of higher concentrations of nitrogen being maintained in the soil to enhance yields of corn and potatoes.</p>\n<p>Four of eight wells sampled for herbicides in west-central Minnesota had detectable concentrations of the triazine herbicide atrazine that ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 micrograms per liter. These concentrations were well below the water-quality guidelines published by the Canadian Inland Waters Directorate, Water Quality Branch, which specify 100 micrograms per liter as the maximum permissible concentration for the group of triazine herbicides in a raw drinking-water supply.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri874040","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Soil and Water Conservation Districts of Douglas, Kandiyohi, Pope, and Stearns Counties, and the Wesmin Resource Conservation and Development Association","usgsCitation":"Anderson, H.W., 1989, Effects of agriculture on quality of water in surficial sand-plain aquifers in Douglas, Kandiyohi, Pope, and Stearns counties, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4040, v, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874040.","productDescription":"v, 52 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54681,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4040/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4040/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Douglas County, Kandiyohi County, Pope County, Stearns County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-95.1454,46.108],[-95.147,45.9326],[-95.1391,45.9327],[-95.1398,45.7744],[-94.6438,45.7758],[-94.2782,45.777],[-94.2763,45.7761],[-94.273,45.7748],[-94.271,45.773],[-94.269,45.7707],[-94.2683,45.768],[-94.2677,45.7657],[-94.2663,45.7634],[-94.265,45.762],[-94.2643,45.7602],[-94.263,45.7579],[-94.2623,45.7543],[-94.2603,45.7502],[-94.259,45.7461],[-94.2589,45.7451],[-94.2576,45.7438],[-94.2537,45.7406],[-94.2497,45.7374],[-94.2451,45.7342],[-94.2445,45.7342],[-94.2399,45.7324],[-94.2346,45.7302],[-94.2281,45.7284],[-94.2222,45.727],[-94.217,45.7257],[-94.2144,45.7248],[-94.2131,45.723],[-94.2124,45.7207],[-94.213,45.7184],[-94.2162,45.7161],[-94.2188,45.7152],[-94.2195,45.7124],[-94.2181,45.7097],[-94.2161,45.7074],[-94.2142,45.7047],[-94.2109,45.7019],[-94.2069,45.6997],[-94.2049,45.6969],[-94.2036,45.6906],[-94.2029,45.6851],[-94.2015,45.681],[-94.2002,45.6782],[-94.1976,45.6764],[-94.1943,45.676],[-94.191,45.6769],[-94.1871,45.6774],[-94.1858,45.6774],[-94.1839,45.6765],[-94.1871,45.6733],[-94.1916,45.6696],[-94.1936,45.6668],[-94.1942,45.6618],[-94.1948,45.6577],[-94.1954,45.6549],[-94.1966,45.6517],[-94.1986,45.649],[-94.1999,45.648],[-94.1999,45.6467],[-94.2005,45.6439],[-94.2004,45.638],[-94.1997,45.6339],[-94.1984,45.6302],[-94.1977,45.6266],[-94.1996,45.6202],[-94.1989,45.617],[-94.1956,45.6101],[-94.1923,45.6051],[-94.1883,45.5996],[-94.1831,45.5965],[-94.1772,45.5933],[-94.1693,45.5883],[-94.168,45.586],[-94.168,45.5846],[-94.1653,45.5792],[-94.164,45.5742],[-94.162,45.5696],[-94.1587,45.5659],[-94.1547,45.5628],[-94.1488,45.5596],[-94.1475,45.5591],[-94.1436,45.5537],[-94.1442,45.5482],[-94.1466,45.5331],[-94.1472,45.5281],[-94.1439,45.5231],[-94.1393,45.518],[-94.1387,45.5144],[-94.1386,45.5107],[-94.1412,45.5075],[-94.1418,45.5043],[-94.1412,45.5034],[-94.1411,45.5016],[-94.1411,45.4979],[-94.1398,45.4961],[-94.1371,45.4934],[-94.1365,45.4915],[-94.1332,45.4884],[-94.1293,45.4861],[-94.1267,45.4847],[-94.1188,45.4797],[-94.1136,45.477],[-94.1084,45.4743],[-94.1064,45.472],[-94.1018,45.4693],[-94.0992,45.4657],[-94.0985,45.4625],[-94.0998,45.4579],[-94.0991,45.4547],[-94.0971,45.452],[-94.0939,45.4492],[-94.0893,45.4479],[-94.0835,45.447],[-94.0789,45.4452],[-94.0769,45.4434],[-94.0769,45.4397],[-94.0756,45.437],[-94.0717,45.4365],[-94.0684,45.4365],[-94.0652,45.4343],[-94.0625,45.432],[-94.0612,45.4311],[-94.0548,45.4329],[-94.0522,45.4339],[-94.0502,45.4334],[-94.0482,45.4307],[-94.0463,45.4275],[-94.0514,45.4229],[-94.0566,45.4192],[-94.063,45.4133],[-94.0649,45.4073],[-94.0681,45.4009],[-94.0739,45.394],[-94.0816,45.3862],[-94.0835,45.383],[-94.0842,45.3803],[-94.0841,45.3762],[-94.0835,45.372],[-94.0828,45.3702],[-94.0854,45.3666],[-94.0898,45.3615],[-94.0918,45.3588],[-94.0924,45.3537],[-94.0923,45.351],[-94.093,45.3487],[-94.0981,45.345],[-94.1046,45.3445],[-94.1078,45.3418],[-94.1117,45.3367],[-94.1194,45.3298],[-94.1252,45.3248],[-94.1373,45.3162],[-94.161,45.3011],[-94.1741,45.3012],[-94.1771,45.3091],[-94.1782,45.3108],[-94.1788,45.3113],[-94.1821,45.3154],[-94.1873,45.3181],[-94.1915,45.3193],[-94.2105,45.3169],[-94.2178,45.3143],[-94.2201,45.3138],[-94.2243,45.3113],[-94.2504,45.3086],[-94.2576,45.3058],[-94.2544,45.3001],[-94.2613,45.2976],[-94.2615,45.2844],[-94.382,45.2836],[-94.3819,45.327],[-94.7612,45.3272],[-94.7621,45.239],[-94.7576,45.2386],[-94.7582,44.8929],[-95.2471,44.8925],[-95.2456,45.1537],[-95.2471,45.2382],[-95.2549,45.2381],[-95.2549,45.4122],[-95.7451,45.4122],[-95.7483,45.585],[-95.7574,45.5853],[-95.7595,45.76],[-95.7595,45.9339],[-95.7686,45.9342],[-95.7693,46.1073],[-95.1454,46.108]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Douglas\",\"state\":\"MN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae7c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, H. W. Jr.","contributorId":11187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27235,"text":"wri894076 - 1989 - Techniques for simulating flood hydrographs and estimating flood volumes for ungaged basins in east and west Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri894076","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4076","title":"Techniques for simulating flood hydrographs and estimating flood volumes for ungaged basins in east and west Tennessee","docAbstract":"A dimensionless hydrograph developed for a variety of basin conditions in Georgia was tested for its applicability to streams in East and West Tennessee by comparing it to a similar dimensionless hydrograph developed for streams in East and West Tennessee. Hydrographs of observed discharge at 83 streams in East Tennessee and 38 in West Tennessee were used in the study. Statistical analyses were performed by comparing simulated (or computed) hydrographs, derived by application of the Georgia dimensionless hydrograph, and dimensionless hydrographs developed from Tennessee data, with the observed hydrographs at 50 and 75% of their peak-flow widths. Results of the tests indicate that the Georgia dimensionless hydrography is virtually the same as the one developed for streams in East Tennessee, but that it is different from the dimensionless hydrograph developed for streams in West Tennessee. Because of the extensive testing of the Georgia dimensionless hydrograph, it was determined to be applicable for East Tennessee, whereas the dimensionless hydrograph developed from data on streams in West Tennessee was determined to be applicable in West Tennessee. As part of the dimensionless hydrograph development, an average lagtime in hours for each study basin, and the volume in inches of flood runoff for each flood event were computed. By use of multiple-regression analysis, equations were developed that relate basin lagtime to drainage area size, basin length, and percent impervious area. Similarly, flood volumes were related to drainage area size, peak discharge, and basin lagtime. These equations, along with the appropriate dimensionless hydrograph, can be used to estimate a typical (average) flood hydrograph and volume for recurrence-intervals up to 100 years at any ungaged site draining less than 50 sq mi in East and West Tennessee. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894076","usgsCitation":"Gamble, C.R., 1989, Techniques for simulating flood hydrographs and estimating flood volumes for ungaged basins in east and west Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4076, iv, 40 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894076.","productDescription":"iv, 40 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2167,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri89-4076","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4882e4b07f02db517418","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gamble, C. R.","contributorId":26727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gamble","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27210,"text":"wri884099 - 1989 - The vertical distribution of selected trace metals and organic compounds in bottom materials of the proposed lower Columbia River export channel, Oregon, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T08:21:23","indexId":"wri884099","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4099","title":"The vertical distribution of selected trace metals and organic compounds in bottom materials of the proposed lower Columbia River export channel, Oregon, 1984","docAbstract":"A proposal to deepen the lower Columbia River navigation channel in Oregon prompted a study of the vertical distribution of selected trace metals and organic compounds in bottom sediments. These data are needed to evaluate the effects of dredging and disposal operations. Elutriation testing of bottom material indicated chemical concentrations as large as 900 ug/L for barium, 6,500 ug/L for manganese, and 14 ug/L for nickel. The amount of oxygen present during elutriation testing of reduced bottom material was shown to have a negligble effect on manganese elutriate-test concentrations, but it did affect barium and iron concentrations. Sediment-associated organochlorine compounds detected in bottom-sediment core samples were as large as 0.1 ug/kg (micrograms/kilogram) for aldrin, 2.0 ug/kg for chlordane, 27 ug/kg for DDD, 5.0 ug/kg for DDE, 0.2 ug/kg for DDT, 0.2 ug/kg for dieldrin, 37 ug/kg for PCB 's 1.0 ug/kg for PCN 's and 1.0 ug/kg for heptachlor epoxide. Concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc in selected cores were found to exceed those of local basalts. Concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc were as large as 3.6 ug/g, 26 ug/g, and 210 ug/g respectively. Bottom-sediment concentrations of cadmium , chromium, copper, iron, and zinc associated with the less-than-100-micrometer size fraction are larger than those associated with the greater-than-100-micrometer fraction. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri884099","usgsCitation":"Fuhrer, G.J., and Horowitz, A.J., 1989, The vertical distribution of selected trace metals and organic compounds in bottom materials of the proposed lower Columbia River export channel, Oregon, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4099, vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884099.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4099/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56086,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4099/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuhrer, Gregory J. gjfuhrer@usgs.gov","contributorId":944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuhrer","given":"Gregory","email":"gjfuhrer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":197738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horowitz, Arthur J. 0000-0002-3296-730X horowitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-730X","contributorId":1400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"Arthur","email":"horowitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":197739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27194,"text":"wri894018 - 1989 - Water resources of the upper Big Wood River basin, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-21T14:43:14","indexId":"wri894018","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4018","title":"Water resources of the upper Big Wood River basin, Idaho","docAbstract":"Mean annual water yields, estimated using a water-budget method, for the upper Big Wood River basin above Glendale Road and for Trail Creek, Warm Springs Creek, and East Fork Big Wood River, Idaho were 410,000, 50,000, 60,000 and 50,000 acre-ft, respectively. Yields also were estimated for 1986 and 1987 water years when data were collected for comparison with long-term average values. During 1986, yields estimated for upper Big Wood River basin, Trail Creek, Warm Springs Creek, and East Fork Big Wood were 580,000, 61,000, 83,000 and 60,000 acre-ft, respectively. During 1987, yields estimated for the respective basins were 230,000, 26,000, 32,000 and 28,000 acre-ft. Availability of surface and groundwater varies seasonally; the greatest quantity is available during spring snowmelt, and the least is available during mid-winter to late winter. Nutrient concentrations in sampled ground and surface water were near or below detection levels throughout the basin, which indicates that water quality has not been impaired by increased development. Fluoride concentrations were elevated in Warm Springs Creek, probably due to inflow of thermal water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894018","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Sun Valley Water and Sewer District","usgsCitation":"Frenzel, S., 1989, Water resources of the upper Big Wood River basin, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4018, iii, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894018.","productDescription":"iii, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"52","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4018/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56068,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4018/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Big Wood River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,43.391667 ], [ -114.5,43.85 ], [ -114.116667,43.85 ], [ -114.116667,43.391667 ], [ -114.5,43.391667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f0212","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frenzel, S.A.","contributorId":9246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frenzel","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29566,"text":"wri884170 - 1989 - Effects of three highway-runoff detention methods on water quality of the surficial aquifer system in central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:02","indexId":"wri884170","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4170","title":"Effects of three highway-runoff detention methods on water quality of the surficial aquifer system in central Florida","docAbstract":"Water quality of the surficial aquifer system in central Florida was evaluated at one exfiltration pipe, two ponds (detention and retention), and two swales in central Florida, representing three runoff-detention methods, to detect any effect from infiltrating highway runoff. Concentrations of major ions, metals, and nutrients in groundwater and bottom sediments were measured from 1984 through 1986. At each study area, constituent concentrations in groundwater near the structure were compared to concentrations in groundwater from an upgradient control site. Groundwater quality data were also pooled by detention method and statistically compared to detect any significant differences between methods. Significantly greater mean phosphorus concentrations in groundwater near the exfiltration pipe than those in the control well was the only evidence of increasing constituent concentrations in groundwater near structures. The quality of water was more variable, and had greater constituent concentrations in the unsaturated zone than in the saturated zone near the exfiltration pipe. Values of water quality variables measured in groundwater at all study areas generally were within State drinking water standards. The main exception was dissolved iron, which commonly exceeded 300 micrograms/L at one swale and the detention pond. Results of the study indicate that natural processes occurring in soils attenuate inorganic constituent concentrations prior to reaching the receiving groundwater. However, organic compounds detected in bottom sediments at the retention pond indicate a potential problem that may eventually affect the quality of the receiving groundwater. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri884170","usgsCitation":"Schiffer, D., 1989, Effects of three highway-runoff detention methods on water quality of the surficial aquifer system in central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4170, vi, 79 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884170.","productDescription":"vi, 79 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2388,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri884170/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4170/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58395,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4170/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae9ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schiffer, D. M.","contributorId":102103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiffer","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28469,"text":"wri894009 - 1989 - Quality-assurance data for routine water analysis in the laboratories of the US Geological Survey for water year 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:50","indexId":"wri894009","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4009","title":"Quality-assurance data for routine water analysis in the laboratories of the US Geological Survey for water year 1986","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri894009","usgsCitation":"Lucey, K., and Peart, D., 1989, Quality-assurance data for routine water analysis in the laboratories of the US Geological Survey for water year 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4009, viii, 145 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894009.","productDescription":"viii, 145 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4009/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57271,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4009/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8ae4b07f02db651588","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucey, K.J.","contributorId":70002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucey","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peart, D.B.","contributorId":45304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peart","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27171,"text":"wri894017 - 1989 - Geohydrology of the Foothill ground-water basin near Santa Barbara, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri894017","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4017","title":"Geohydrology of the Foothill ground-water basin near Santa Barbara, California","docAbstract":"Geohydrologic data presented in this report indicate that the East Subbasin of the Goleta groundwater basin and Storage Unit II of the Santa Barbara groundwater basin should be considered as a separate groundwater basin, which is referred to as the Foothill groundwater basin in this report. The 4.5 sq-mi Foothill groundwater basin is bordered on the north and northeast by the Santa Ynez Mountains and on three sides by faults that impede groundwater flow. Sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age underlie the groundwater basin and form its lower boundary. Unconsolidated deposits of the Santa Barbara Formation (Pliocene and Pleistocene age) form the principal aquifer of the basin. Where a zone of low permeability separates it from overlying Quaternary alluvium, the aquifer is confined. In the early 1950's, groundwater levels declined more than 60 ft during periods of heavy pumping. From the mid-1950 's to the late 1970 's, groundwater levels generally rose. Water levels during 1984-87 generally declined. Nitrate concentrations in samples from two wells exceeded the primary maximum contaminant level established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Secondary maximum contaminant levels for dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate also were exceeded in some samples. A three-dimensional finite-difference model was developed for part of Foothill groundwater basin. Steady-state verification and transient-state model calibrations were used to estimate or confirm estimates of basin recharge and natural discharge. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894017","usgsCitation":"Freckleton, J.R., 1989, Geohydrology of the Foothill ground-water basin near Santa Barbara, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4017, v, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894017.","productDescription":"v, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4017/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56045,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4017/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a898a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freckleton, J. R.","contributorId":93498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freckleton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28470,"text":"wri894049 - 1989 - Quality-assurance data for routine water analysis in the National Water-Quality Laboratory of the U.S. Geological Survey for water year 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri894049","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4049","title":"Quality-assurance data for routine water analysis in the National Water-Quality Laboratory of the U.S. Geological Survey for water year 1987","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nCopies may be purchased from Books and Open-File Reports,","doi":"10.3133/wri894049","usgsCitation":"Lucey, K., and Peart, D., 1989, Quality-assurance data for routine water analysis in the National Water-Quality Laboratory of the U.S. Geological Survey for water year 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4049, viii, 90 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894049.","productDescription":"viii, 90 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4049/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57272,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4049/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a0d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucey, K.J.","contributorId":70002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucey","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peart, D.B.","contributorId":45304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peart","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28471,"text":"wri894166 - 1989 - Quality-assurance data for routine water analysis in the National Water-Quality Laboratory of the US Geological Survey for water year 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri894166","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4166","title":"Quality-assurance data for routine water analysis in the National Water-Quality Laboratory of the US Geological Survey for water year 1988","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey maintains a quality assurance program based on the analysis of reference samples for its National Water Quality Laboratory located in Denver, Colorado. Reference samples containing selected inorganic, nutrient, and precipitation (low-level concentration) constituents are prepared at the Survey 's Water Quality Services Unit in Ocala, Florida, disguised as routine samples, and sent daily or weekly, as appropriate, to the laboratory through other Survey offices. The results are stored permanently in the National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System (WATSTORE), the Survey 's database for all water data. These data are analyzed statistically for precision and bias. An overall evaluation of the inorganic major ion and trace metal constituent data for water year 1988 indicated a lack of precision in the National Water Quality Laboratory for the determination of 8 out of 58 constituents: calcium (inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry), fluoride, iron (atomic absorption spectrometry), iron (total recoverable), magnesium (atomic absorption spectrometry), manganese (total recoverable), potassium, and sodium (inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry). The results for 31 constituents had positive or negative bias during water year 1988. A lack of precision was indicated in the determination of three of the six nutrient constituents: nitrate plus nitrite nitrogen as nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen as nitrogen, and orthophosphate as phosphorus. A biased condition was indicated in the determination of ammonia nitrogen as nitrogen, ammonia plus organic nitrogen as nitrogen, and nitrate plus nitrite nitrogen as nitrogen. There was acceptable precision in the determination of all 10 constituents contained in precipitation samples. Results for ammonia nitrogen as nitrogen, sodium, and fluoride indicated a biased condition. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894166","usgsCitation":"Lucey, K., 1989, Quality-assurance data for routine water analysis in the National Water-Quality Laboratory of the US Geological Survey for water year 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4166, x, 96 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894166.","productDescription":"x, 96 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4166/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57273,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4166/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a0df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucey, K.J.","contributorId":70002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucey","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27697,"text":"wri894066 - 1989 - Summary of fluvial-sediment studies in Ohio, through 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:40","indexId":"wri894066","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4066","title":"Summary of fluvial-sediment studies in Ohio, through 1987","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with other Federal, State, and local agencies, has been collecting fluvial sediment data from Ohio streams since April 1950. This report summarizes the data collected for the period April 1950 through 1987. In addition, trends in annual suspended-sediment discharge in Ohio streams are examined and discussed, and a technique is presented for estimating discharge at ungaged points on Ohio streams. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri894066","usgsCitation":"Hindall, S.M., 1989, Summary of fluvial-sediment studies in Ohio, through 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4066, vi, 29 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894066.","productDescription":"vi, 29 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4066/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56546,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4066/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56547,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4066/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699295","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hindall, S. M.","contributorId":59414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hindall","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26053,"text":"wri884033 - 1989 - Hydrologic effects of pumpage from the Denver basin bedrock aquifers of northern El Paso County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri884033","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4033","title":"Hydrologic effects of pumpage from the Denver basin bedrock aquifers of northern El Paso County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Denver groundwater basin underlies a 6,700 sq-mi area in eastern Colorado. To assess current conditions of the four bedrock aquifers in the basin, water levels, streamflow gain and loss, and other data were collected. Current aquifer conditions in the southern part of the basin and likely response to various 100-year pumping scenarios were analyzed using a digital finite-difference model. Simulated predevelopment flow through the bedrock aquifers was about 59 cu ft/sec. Water level changes between 1978 and 1985, likely caused by variations in precipitation and in pumping and by lowering of the water table in the overlying Black Squirrel Creek alluvial aquifer, ranged from rises of more than 40 ft to declines of as much as 80 ft. In 1985, pumping from the bedrock aquifers was about 56 cu ft/sec. Simulations indicate that 43% of the pumpage came from a decrease in volume of groundwater in storage; 37% came from induced recharge and captured discharge. The remaining 20% came from a transient high rate of recharge from precipitation. A baseline 100-yr simulation, beginning in 1985, indicated minimal drawdowns for constant pumping at 1985 rates in the southern part of the basin. Other simulations indicated that the pumpage required to supply the needs of the projected population would be accompanied by drawdowns of as much as 1,300 ft and by large decreases in amount of groundwater in storage. Pumpage from a hypothetical well field, located where the aquifers are thickest , and from the aquifers underlying Colorado Springs also was simulated. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri884033","usgsCitation":"Banta, E.R., 1989, Hydrologic effects of pumpage from the Denver basin bedrock aquifers of northern El Paso County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4033, vi, 84 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884033.","productDescription":"vi, 84 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4033/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54829,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4033/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54830,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4033/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54831,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4033/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54832,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4033/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54833,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4033/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54834,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4033/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db606e8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, E. R.","contributorId":63038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30420,"text":"wri894168 - 1989 - Selected quality assurance data for water samples collected by the US Geological Survey, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1980 to 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri894168","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4168","title":"Selected quality assurance data for water samples collected by the US Geological Survey, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1980 to 1988","docAbstract":"Multiple water samples from 115 wells and 3 surface water sites were collected between 1980 and 1988 for the ongoing quality assurance program at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. The reported results from the six laboratories involved were analyzed for agreement using descriptive statistics. The constituents and properties included: tritium, plutonium-238, plutonium-239, -240 (undivided), strontium-90, americium-241, cesium-137, total dissolved chromium, selected dissolved trace metals, sodium, chloride, nitrate, selected purgeable organic compounds, and specific conductance. Agreement could not be calculated for purgeable organic compounds, trace metals, some nitrates and blank sample analyses because analytical uncertainties were not consistently reported. However, differences between results for most of these data were calculated. The blank samples were not analyzed for differences. The laboratory results analyzed using descriptive statistics showed a median agreement between all useable data pairs of 95%. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894168","usgsCitation":"Wegner, S., 1989, Selected quality assurance data for water samples collected by the US Geological Survey, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho, 1980 to 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4168, v, 91 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894168.","productDescription":"v, 91 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4168/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59188,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4168/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6df9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wegner, S.J.","contributorId":36950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wegner","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27063,"text":"wri894024 - 1989 - Chemical characteristics, including stable-isotope ratios, of surface water and ground water from selected sources in and near East Fork Armells Creek basin, southeastern Montana, 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri894024","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4024","title":"Chemical characteristics, including stable-isotope ratios, of surface water and ground water from selected sources in and near East Fork Armells Creek basin, southeastern Montana, 1985","docAbstract":"Water samples were collected from 29 sites to provide synoptic chemical data, including stable-isotope ratios, for an area of active surface coal mining and to explore the effectiveness of using the data to chemically distinguish water from different aquifers. Surface-water samples were collected from one spring, four sites on East Armells Creek, one site on Stocker Creek, and two fly-ash ponds. Streamflows in East Fork Armells Creek ranged from no flow in several upstream reaches to 2.11 cu ft/sec downstream from Colstrip, Montana. Only one tributary, Stocker Creek, was observed to contribute surface flow in the study area. Groundwater samples were collected from wells completed in Quaternary alluvium or mine spoils, Rosebud overburden, Rosebud coal bed, McKay coal bed, and sub-McKay deposits of the Tongue River Member, Paleocene Fort Union Formation. Dissolved-solids concentrations, in mg/L, were 840 at the spring, 3,100 to 5,000 in the streams, 13,000 to 22,000 in the ash ponds, and 690 to 4 ,100 in the aquifers. With few exceptions, water from the sampled spring, streams, and wells had similar concentrations of major constituents and trace elements and similar stable-isotope ratios. Water from the fly-ash ponds had larger concentrations of dissolved solids, boron, and manganese and were isotopically more enriched in deuterium and oxygen-18 than water from other sources. Water from individual aquifers could not be distinguished by either ion-composition diagrams or statistical cluster analyses. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri894024","usgsCitation":"Ferreira, R.F., Lambing, J., and Davis, R.E., 1989, Chemical characteristics, including stable-isotope ratios, of surface water and ground water from selected sources in and near East Fork Armells Creek basin, southeastern Montana, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4024, iv, 32 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894024.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4024/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55936,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4024/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e462b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferreira, R. F.","contributorId":80690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferreira","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambing, J. H.","contributorId":100860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambing","given":"J. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, R. E.","contributorId":77153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":26528,"text":"wri894050 - 1989 - Preliminary analysis for trends in selected water-quality characteristics, Powder River, Montana and Wyoming, water years 1952-85","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri894050","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4050","title":"Preliminary analysis for trends in selected water-quality characteristics, Powder River, Montana and Wyoming, water years 1952-85","docAbstract":"Selected water-quality data from two streamflow-gaging stations on the Powder River, Montana and Wyoming, were statistically analyzed for trends using the seasonal Kendall test. Data for water years 1952-63 and 1975-85 from the Powder River near Locate, Montana, and water years 1967-68 and 1976-85 from the Powder River at Sussex, Wyoming, were analyzed. Data for the earlier period near Locate were discharge-weighted monthly mean values, whereas data for the late period near Locate and at Sussex were from periodic samples. For data from water years 1952-63 near Locate, increasing trends were detected in sodium and sodium-adsorption ratio; no trends were detected in specific conductance, hardness, non-carbonate hardness, alkalinity, dissolved solids, or sulfate. For data from water years 1975-85 near Locate, increasing trends were detected in specific conductance, sodium, sodium-adsorption ratio, and chloride; no trends were detected in hardness, noncarbonate hardness, alkalinity, dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, potassium, or sulfate. At Sussex (water years 1967-68 and 1976-85), increasing trends were detected in sodium, sodium-adsorption ratio, and chloride, and a decreasing trend was detected in sulfate. No trends were detected in specific conductance, alkalinity, or dissolved solids. When the 1967-68 data were deleted and the analysis repeated for the 1976-85 data, only sodium-adsorption ratio displayed a significant (increasing) trend. Because the study was exploratory, causes and effects were not considered. The results might have been affected by sample size, number of seasons, heterogeneity, significance level, serial correlation, and data adjustment for changes in discharge. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports Section,","doi":"10.3133/wri894050","usgsCitation":"Cary, L.E., 1989, Preliminary analysis for trends in selected water-quality characteristics, Powder River, Montana and Wyoming, water years 1952-85: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4050, iv, 25 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894050.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4050/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55390,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4050/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a206","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cary, L. E.","contributorId":47369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cary","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26532,"text":"wri894054 - 1989 - Trends in selected water-quality characteristics, Flathead River at Flathead, British Columbia, and at Columbia Falls, Montana, water years 1975-86","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-30T20:15:03.631286","indexId":"wri894054","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4054","title":"Trends in selected water-quality characteristics, Flathead River at Flathead, British Columbia, and at Columbia Falls, Montana, water years 1975-86","docAbstract":"Data for selected water quality variables were evaluated for trends at two sampling stations--Flathead River at Flathead, British Columbia (Flathead station) and Flathead River at Columbia Falls, Montana (Columbia Falls station). The results were compared between stations. The analyses included data from water years 1975-86 at the Flathead station and water years 1979-86 at the Columbia Falls station. The seasonal Kendall test was applied to adjusted concentrations for variables related to discharge and to unadjusted concentrations for the remaining variables. Slope estimates were made for variables with significant trends unless data were reported as less than the detection limit. At the Flathead station, concentrations of dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, sodium, dissolved nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen (total and dissolved), total organic nitrogen, and total phosphorus increased during the study period. Concentrations of total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen and dissolved iron decreased during the same period. At the Columbia Falls station, concentrations increased for calcium and magnesium and decreased for sulfate and dissolved phosphorus. No trends were detected for 10 other variables tested at each station. Data for the Flathead station were reanalyzed for water years 1979-86. Trends in the data increased for magnesium and dissolved nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen and decreased for dissolved iron. Magnesium was the only variable that displayed a trend (increasing) at both stations. The increasing trends that were detected probably will not adversely affect the water quality of the Flathead River in the near future. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894054","usgsCitation":"Cary, L.E., 1989, Trends in selected water-quality characteristics, Flathead River at Flathead, British Columbia, and at Columbia Falls, Montana, water years 1975-86: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4054, iii, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894054.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393696,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47170.htm"},{"id":55394,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4054/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4054/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"British Columbia, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Flathead River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.75,\n              48.3167\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              48.3167\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              49.3833\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.75,\n              49.3833\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.75,\n              48.3167\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e721f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cary, L. E.","contributorId":47369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cary","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27034,"text":"wri894119 - 1989 - Ground-water levels in the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky, 1987-88","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:36","indexId":"wri894119","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4119","title":"Ground-water levels in the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky, 1987-88","docAbstract":"Water-level data have been collected in the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky by the U.S. Geological Survey since 1943. Summaries and analysis of these data are published periodically to update the record and to help public officials who must manage this groundwater supply. Maps and hydrographs are presented in this report to update the record for 1987-88 and to interpret recent trends in water levels. The data show that groundwater levels were stable for the period 1980-86 after rising rapidly in the 1970's. There has been a slight decline in the water levels during 1987-88 because of below normal precipitation for the period 1985-88. The decline has been about 1 to 3 ft in wells along the Ohio River and about 3 to 6 ft in wells away from the influence of the river. Groundwater withdrawals have also caused slight declines in the water table in three areas in Louisville. Declines in downtown Louisville due to pumpage seem to be stabilizing at or slightly below the normal pool stage of the Ohio River which indicates that water is probably being induced from the river into the aquifer. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBooks and Open-File Reports [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri894119","usgsCitation":"Faust, R., and Lyons, B., 1989, Ground-water levels in the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky, 1987-88: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4119, iv, 15 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894119.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4119/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55913,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4119/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667504","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faust, R.J.","contributorId":80700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faust","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyons, B.E.","contributorId":92710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29275,"text":"wri884164 - 1989 - Use of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to trace the larval striped bass food chain in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary, California, April to September 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:35","indexId":"wri884164","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4164","title":"Use of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to trace the larval striped bass food chain in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary, California, April to September 1985","docAbstract":"To assess one potential cause for the decline of the striped bass fishery in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary, stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios were used to examine the trophic structures of the larval striped bass food chain, and to trace the flux of these elements through the food chain components. Study results generally confirm a food chain consisting of the elements, phytoplankton/detritus--&gt;zooplankton/Neomysis shrimp--&gt;larval striped bass. The stable isotope ratios generally become more positive as one progresses from the lower to the higher trophic level food chain components, and no unusual trophic structure was found in the food chain. However, the data indicate an unidentified consumer organism occupying an intermediate position between the lower and higher trophic levels of the larval striped bass food chain. Based on expected trophic interactions, this unidentified consumer would have a stable carbon isotope ratio of about 28/mil and a stable nitrogen isotope ratio of about 8/mi. Three possible feeding stages for larval striped bass also were identified, based on their lengths. The smallest length fish seem to subsist on their yolk sac remnants, and the largest length fish subsist on Neomysis shrimp and zooplankton. The intermediate-length fish represent a transition stage between primary food sources and/or use of a mixture of food sources. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri884164","usgsCitation":"Rast, W., and Sutton, J., 1989, Use of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to trace the larval striped bass food chain in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary, California, April to September 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4164, v, 62 p. :ill., one map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884164.","productDescription":"v, 62 p. :ill., one map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158318,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4164/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58123,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4164/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d5e4b07f02db5ddb5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rast, Walter","contributorId":79514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rast","given":"Walter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutton, J.E.","contributorId":54249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}