{"pageNumber":"1473","pageRowStart":"36800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40837,"records":[{"id":70015114,"text":"70015114 - 1986 - SIMULATION OF FLOOD HYDROGRAPHS FOR GEORGIA STREAMS.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:00","indexId":"70015114","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3647,"text":"Transportation Research Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SIMULATION OF FLOOD HYDROGRAPHS FOR GEORGIA STREAMS.","docAbstract":"Flood hydrographs are needed for the design of many highway drainage structures and embankments. A method for simulating these flood hydrographs at urban and rural ungauged sites in Georgia is presented. The O'Donnell method was used to compute unit hydrographs from 355 flood events from 80 stations. An average unit hydrograph and an average lag time were computed for each station. These average unit hydrographs were transformed to unit hydrographs having durations of one-fourth, one-third, one-half, and three-fourths lag time and then reduced to dimensionless terms by dividing the time by lag time and the discharge by peak discharge. Hydrographs were simulated for these 355 flood events and their widths were compared with the widths of the observed hydrographs at 50 and 75 percent of peak flow. For simulating hydrographs at sites larger than 500 mi**2, the U. S. Geological Survey computer model CONROUT can be used.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transportation Research Record","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03611981","usgsCitation":"Inman, E.J., and Armbruster, J., 1986, SIMULATION OF FLOOD HYDROGRAPHS FOR GEORGIA STREAMS.: Transportation Research Record, p. 15-23.","startPage":"15","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf57e4b0c8380cd87534","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Inman, E. J.","contributorId":44193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inman","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armbruster, J.T.","contributorId":101622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014648,"text":"70014648 - 1986 - ON NONSTATIONARY STOCHASTIC MODELS FOR EARTHQUAKES.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:33","indexId":"70014648","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"ON NONSTATIONARY STOCHASTIC MODELS FOR EARTHQUAKES.","docAbstract":"A seismological stochastic model for earthquake ground-motion description is presented. Seismological models are based on the physical properties of the source and the medium and have significant advantages over the widely used empirical models. The model discussed here provides a convenient form for estimating structural response by using random vibration theory. A commonly used random process for ground acceleration, filtered white-noise multiplied by an envelope function, introduces some errors in response calculations for structures whose periods are longer than the faulting duration. An alternate random process, filtered shot-noise process, eliminates these errors.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the Third U. S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering.","conferenceLocation":"Charleston, SC, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Inst","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA, USA","isbn":"0943198070","usgsCitation":"Safak, E., and Boore, D.M., 1986, ON NONSTATIONARY STOCHASTIC MODELS FOR EARTHQUAKES., Proceedings of the Third U. S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering., Charleston, SC, USA, p. 137-148.","startPage":"137","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a69e7e4b0c8380cd73f7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Safak, Erdal","contributorId":73984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safak","given":"Erdal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":368908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014652,"text":"70014652 - 1986 - Adaptation of Selenastrum capricornutum (Chlorophyceae) to copper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-18T13:51:30.585652","indexId":"70014652","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adaptation of Selenastrum capricornutum (Chlorophyceae) to copper","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><i>Selenastrum capricornutum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Printz, growing in a chemically defined medium, was used as a model for studying adaptation of algae to a toxic metal (copper) ion. Cells exhibited lag‐phase adaptation to 0.8 μM total Cu (10<sup>−12</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>M free ion concentration) after 20 generations of Cu exposure.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Selenastrum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>adapted to the same concentration when Cu was gradually introduced over an 8‐h period using a specially designed apparatus that provided a transient increase in exposure concentration. Cu adaptation was not attributable to media conditioning by algal exudates. Duration of lag phase was a more sensitive index of copper toxicity to<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Selenastrum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>that was growth rate or stationary‐phase cell density under the experimental conditions used. Chemical speciation of the Cu dosing solution influenced the duration of lag phase even when media formulations were identical after dosing.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Selenastrum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>initially exposed to Cu in a CuCl<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>injection solution exhibited a lag phase of 3.9 d, but this was reduced to 1.5 d when a CuEDTA solution was used to achieve the same total Cu and EDTA concentrations. Physical and chemical processes that accelerated the rate of increase in cupric ion concentration generally increased the duration of lag phase.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620050211","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J., and Leland, H., 1986, Adaptation of Selenastrum capricornutum (Chlorophyceae) to copper: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 5, no. 2, p. 197-203, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620050211.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1986-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6e0e4b0c8380cd476bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, J.S.","contributorId":57905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leland, H.V.","contributorId":82455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leland","given":"H.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014654,"text":"70014654 - 1986 - Electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption conditions and matrix modifications for determining antimony, arsenic, bismuth, cadmium, gallium, gold, indium, lead, molybdenum, palladium, platinum, selenium, silver, tellurium, thallium and tin following back-extraction of organic aminohalide extracts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-01T16:10:59.013672","indexId":"70014654","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2155,"text":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption conditions and matrix modifications for determining antimony, arsenic, bismuth, cadmium, gallium, gold, indium, lead, molybdenum, palladium, platinum, selenium, silver, tellurium, thallium and tin following back-extraction of organic aminohalide extracts","docAbstract":"A multi-element organic-extraction and back-extraction procedure, that had been developed previously to eliminate matrix interferences in the determination of a large number of trace elements in complex materials such as geological samples, produced organic and aqueous solutions that were complex. Electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption conditions and matrix modifications have been developed for 13 of the extracted elements (Ag, As, Au, Bi, Cd, Ga, In, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Te and Tl) that enhance sensitivity, alleviate problems resulting from the complex solutions and produce acceptable precision. Platinum, Pd and Mo can be determined without matrix modification directly on the original unstripped extracts.","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/JA98601BX015","issn":"02679477","usgsCitation":"Clark, J.R., 1986, Electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption conditions and matrix modifications for determining antimony, arsenic, bismuth, cadmium, gallium, gold, indium, lead, molybdenum, palladium, platinum, selenium, silver, tellurium, thallium and tin following back-extraction of organic aminohalide extracts: Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, v. 1, no. 4, p. 301-308, https://doi.org/10.1039/JA98601BX015.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"308","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225718,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08afe4b0c8380cd51c1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, J. R.","contributorId":55764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014656,"text":"70014656 - 1986 - Application of seismic refraction methods in groundwater modeling studies in New England (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-15T07:59:33","indexId":"70014656","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of seismic refraction methods in groundwater modeling studies in New England (USA)","docAbstract":"Seismic refraction studies were conducted over unconfined glacial aquifers in New England to determine: 1) depth of the underlying bedrock; 2) depth of the water table; 3) saturated thickness of the aquifer in areas not accessible to heavy drilling equipment; 4) areas where thick, unsaturated sediments overlie thickly saturated parts of the aquifer; and 5) locations of test holes and type of drilling equipment needed. These data were used in groundwater models and provided parameter values that required few adjustments during calibration. -from Author","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1190/1.1442083","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Haeni, F., 1986, Application of seismic refraction methods in groundwater modeling studies in New England (USA): Geophysics, v. 51, no. 2, p. 236-249, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442083.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"236","endPage":"249","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"New England","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.6943359375,\n              41.80407814427234\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.9140625,\n              41.86956082699455\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1904296875,\n              37.16031654673677\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.5771484375,\n              44.55916341529182\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.5,\n              47.27922900257082\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.3896484375,\n              47.57652571374621\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.6943359375,\n              41.80407814427234\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ecaee4b0c8380cd49419","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeni, F.P.","contributorId":87105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeni","given":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014657,"text":"70014657 - 1986 - A ground-water mixing model for the origin of the Imini manganese deposit (Cretaceous) of Morocco","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-06T07:00:55","indexId":"70014657","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A ground-water mixing model for the origin of the Imini manganese deposit (Cretaceous) of Morocco","docAbstract":"Three beds of manganese oxide ore in a 10 m-thick dolomite unit are associated with diagenetic features, and, are accordingly also diagenetic in their present aspect. Whether primary or introduced, the Mn mineralogy is attributed to reactions between fresh and saline ground-waters as the zone of mixing passed through the dolomite unit during a period of falling sea-level. The succession of diagenetic changes is: 1) precursor carbonates, 2) dolomite-janggunite, 3) hollandite-pyrolusite-chert-calcite.-G.J.N.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.81.1.65","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Force, E.R., Back, W., Spiker, E., and Knauth, L., 1986, A ground-water mixing model for the origin of the Imini manganese deposit (Cretaceous) of Morocco: Economic Geology, v. 81, no. 1, p. 65-79, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.81.1.65.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"65","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Morocco ","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-5.19386,35.75518],[-4.59101,35.33071],[-3.64006,35.39986],[-2.60431,35.17909],[-2.16991,35.1684],[-1.79299,34.52792],[-1.73345,33.91971],[-1.38805,32.86402],[-1.12455,32.65152],[-1.3079,32.26289],[-2.6166,32.09435],[-3.06898,31.7245],[-3.6475,31.63729],[-3.69044,30.89695],[-4.85965,30.50119],[-5.24213,30.00044],[-6.06063,29.7317],[-7.05923,29.57923],[-8.67412,28.84129],[-8.66559,27.65643],[-8.81781,27.65643],[-8.81783,27.65643],[-8.79488,27.1207],[-9.41304,27.08848],[-9.73534,26.86094],[-10.18942,26.86094],[-10.55126,26.99081],[-11.39255,26.88342],[-11.71822,26.10409],[-12.03076,26.03087],[-12.50096,24.77012],[-13.89111,23.69101],[-14.22117,22.31016],[-14.63083,21.86094],[-14.75095,21.5006],[-17.00296,21.42073],[-17.02043,21.42231],[-16.97325,21.88574],[-16.58914,22.15823],[-16.26192,22.67934],[-16.32641,23.01777],[-15.98261,23.72336],[-15.426,24.35913],[-15.08933,24.52026],[-14.82465,25.10353],[-14.80093,25.63626],[-14.43994,26.25442],[-13.7738,26.61889],[-13.13994,27.64015],[-13.12161,27.65415],[-12.61884,28.03819],[-11.68892,28.14864],[-10.90096,28.83214],[-10.39959,29.09859],[-9.56481,29.93357],[-9.81472,31.17774],[-9.43479,32.0381],[-9.30069,32.56468],[-8.65748,33.24025],[-7.65418,33.69706],[-6.91254,34.11048],[-6.24434,35.14587],[-5.92999,35.75999],[-5.19386,35.75518]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Morocco\"}}]}","volume":"81","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1986-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e40ee4b0c8380cd463aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Force, E. R.","contributorId":28235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Force","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Back, W.","contributorId":33839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Back","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spiker, E.C.","contributorId":103275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spiker","given":"E.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knauth, L.P.","contributorId":73755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knauth","given":"L.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015637,"text":"70015637 - 1986 - Nonlinear-regression groundwater flow modeling of a deep regional aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T08:30:48","indexId":"70015637","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonlinear-regression groundwater flow modeling of a deep regional aquifer system","docAbstract":"<p><span>A nonlinear regression groundwater flow model, based on a Galerkin finite-element discretization, was used to analyze steady state two-dimensional groundwater flow in the areally extensive Madison aquifer in a 75,000 mi</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>area of the Northern Great Plains. Regression parameters estimated include intrinsic permeabilities of the main aquifer and separate lineament zones, discharges from eight major springs surrounding the Black Hills, and specified heads on the model boundaries. Aquifer thickness and temperature variations were included as specified functions. The regression model was applied using sequential<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>F</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>testing so that the fewest number and simplest zonation of intrinsic permeabilities, combined with the simplest overall model, were evaluated initially; additional complexities (such as subdivisions of zones and variations in temperature and thickness) were added in stages to evaluate the subsequent degree of improvement in the model results. It was found that only the eight major springs, a single main aquifer intrinsic permeability, two separate lineament intrinsic permeabilities of much smaller values, and temperature variations are warranted by the observed data (hydraulic heads and prior information on some parameters) for inclusion in a model that attempts to explain significant controls on groundwater flow. Addition of thickness variations did not significantly improve model results; however, thickness variations were included in the final model because they are fairly well defined. Effects on the observed head distribution from other features, such as vertical leakage and regional variations in intrinsic permeability, apparently were overshadowed by measurement errors in the observed heads. Estimates of the parameters correspond well to estimates obtained from other independent sources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR022i013p01759","usgsCitation":"Cooley, R.L., Konikow, L.F., and Naff, R.L., 1986, Nonlinear-regression groundwater flow modeling of a deep regional aquifer system: Water Resources Research, v. 22, no. 13, p. 1759-1778, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i013p01759.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1759","endPage":"1778","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Plains, Madison aquifer","volume":"22","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a616ae4b0c8380cd71950","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooley, Richard L.","contributorId":8831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooley","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":371418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naff, Richard L.","contributorId":79867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naff","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014661,"text":"70014661 - 1986 - Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes in Proterozoic intrusives astride the Grenville Front in Labrador: Implications for crustal contamination and basement mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T15:29:05.970601","indexId":"70014661","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes in Proterozoic intrusives astride the Grenville Front in Labrador: Implications for crustal contamination and basement mapping","docAbstract":"<p><span>We report Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions of mid-Proterozoic anorthosites and related rocks (1.45-1.65 Ga) and of younger olivine diabase dikes (1.4 Ga) from two complexes on either side of the Grenville Front in Labrador. Anorthositic or diabasic samples from the Mealy Mountains (Grenville Province) and Harp Lake (Nain-Churchill Provinces) complexes have very similar major, minor and trace element compositions, but distinctly different isotopic signatures. All Mealy Mountains samples have I</span><sub>Sr</sub><span>&nbsp;= 0.7025−0.7033, ε</span><sub>Nd</sub><span>&nbsp;= +0.6 to +5.6 and Pb isotopic compositions consistent with derivation from a mantle source depleted with respect to Nd/Sm and Rb/Sr. Pb isotopic compositions for the Mealy Mountains samples are slightly more radiogenic than model mantle compositions. All Harp Lake samples have I</span><sub>Sr</sub><span>&nbsp;= 0.7032−0.7066, ε</span><sub>Nd</sub><span>&nbsp;= −0.3 to −4.4 and variable, but generally unradiogenic&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup><span>Pb/</span><sup>204</sup><span>Pb and&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup><span>Pb/</span><sup>204</sup><span>Pb compared to model mantle, suggesting mixing between a mantle-derived component and a U-depleted crustal contaminant. Crustal contaminants are probably a variety of Archean high-grade quartzofeldspathic gneisses with low U/Pb ratios and include a component that must be isotopically similar to the early Archean (&gt;3.6 Ga) Uivak gneisses of Labrador or the Amitsoq gneisses of west Greenland. This would imply that the ancient gneiss complex of coastal Labrador and Greenland is larger than indicated by present surface exposure and may extend in the subsurface as far west as the Labrador Trough. If Harp Lake and Mealy Mountains samples were subjected to the same degree of contamination, as suggested by their chemical similarities, then the Mealy contaminants must be much younger, probably early or middle Proterozoic in age. The Labrador segment of the Grenville Front, therefore, appears to coincide with the southern margin of the Archean North Atlantic craton and may represent a pre mid-Proterozoic suture.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(86)90211-5","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Ashwal, L., Wooden, J.L., and Emslie, R., 1986, Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes in Proterozoic intrusives astride the Grenville Front in Labrador: Implications for crustal contamination and basement mapping: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 50, no. 12, p. 2571-2585, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(86)90211-5.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2571","endPage":"2585","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225843,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b963fe4b08c986b31b3be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashwal, L.D.","contributorId":82060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashwal","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emslie, R.F.","contributorId":102642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emslie","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014664,"text":"70014664 - 1986 - Analysis of thematic map classification error matrices.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:32","indexId":"70014664","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of thematic map classification error matrices.","docAbstract":"The classification error matrix expresses the counts of agreement and disagreement between the classified categories and their verification. Thematic mapping experiments compare variables such as multiple photointerpretation or scales of mapping, and produce one or more classification error matrices. This paper presents a tutorial to implement a typical problem of a remotely sensed data experiment for solution by the linear model method.-from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Rosenfield, G., 1986, Analysis of thematic map classification error matrices.: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 52, no. 5, p. 681-686.","startPage":"681","endPage":"686","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb42e4b0c8380cd48cfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenfield, G.H.","contributorId":94670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenfield","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014668,"text":"70014668 - 1986 - Aluminum enrichment in silicate melts by fractional crystallization: some mineralogic and petrographic constraints.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-04T21:17:54.314077","indexId":"70014668","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aluminum enrichment in silicate melts by fractional crystallization: some mineralogic and petrographic constraints.","docAbstract":"<p class=\"chapter-para\">The degree of aluminum saturation of an igneous rock may be described by its Aluminum Saturation Index (ASI) defined as the molar ratio Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(CaO + K<sub>2</sub>O + Na<sub>2</sub>O). One suggested origin for mildly peraluminous granites (ASI between 1 and about 1.1) is by fractional crystallization of subaluminous (ASI &lt; 1) magmas; hornblende, having ASI &lt; 0.5, could be a major driving force in such a fractionation process. The efficacy of the process depends not only on precipitation of hornblende and its effective removal from the reacting system, but on the composition and nature of other coprecipitating phases, weighted by their modal abundances in the reactive system. Precipitation of feldspar (ASI = 1), for instance, would retard or even prevent aluminum enrichment in the melt if the ASI of melt is &lt; 1, but would enhance such evolution if the ASI of the melt is &gt; 1. Discussion of the efficacy of any mineral must be made in the context of the total reacting system.</p><p class=\"chapter-para\">For hornblende to effectively cause a melt to evolve into a peraluminous composition, it must be able to coexist with peraluminous magmas. Experimental phase equilibrium data show that at pressure &gt; 5 kb hornblende can coexist with strongly peraluminous melts (ASI ˜ 1.5). Scantily phyric volcanic rocks show that hornblende can coexist with granitic magma having ASI ˜ 1.1 –1.2. The aggregate ASI of last-stage minerals of a typical granite is less than this value; therefore, even after hornblende has reacted out, the residual magma may be expected to continue to evolve toward more aluminous compositions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/petrology/27.5.1095","issn":"00223530","usgsCitation":"Zen, E., 1986, Aluminum enrichment in silicate melts by fractional crystallization: some mineralogic and petrographic constraints.: Journal of Petrology, v. 27, no. 5, p. 1095-1117, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/27.5.1095.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1095","endPage":"1117","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225910,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e99ae4b0c8380cd48386","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zen, E.","contributorId":101381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zen","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015116,"text":"70015116 - 1986 - HOLOCENE AND LATE PLEISTOCENE(? ) EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED SAND BLOWS IN COASTAL SOUTH CAROLINA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:59","indexId":"70015116","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"HOLOCENE AND LATE PLEISTOCENE(? ) EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED SAND BLOWS IN COASTAL SOUTH CAROLINA.","docAbstract":"Multiple generations of prehistoric sand blows, interpreted as earthquake induced, have been discovered throughout coastal South Carolina. These sand blows extend far beyond 1886 earthquake induced sand blows, in sediments having approximately the same liquefaction susceptibility. The seismic source zone for the prehistoric sand blows is unknown. The different distributions of prehistoric and 1886 sand blows have two possible explanations: (1) moderate to strong earthquakes originated in different seismic source locations through time or (2) at least one earthquake much stronger than the 1886 event also originated from the same seismic source as the 1886 earthquake.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the Third U. S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering.","conferenceLocation":"Charleston, SC, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Inst","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA, USA","isbn":"0943198070","usgsCitation":"Obermeier, S., Jacobson, R., Powars, D., Weems, R., Hallbick, D., Gohn, G.S., and Markewich, H.W., 1986, HOLOCENE AND LATE PLEISTOCENE(? ) EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED SAND BLOWS IN COASTAL SOUTH CAROLINA., Proceedings of the Third U. S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering., v. 1, Charleston, SC, USA, p. 197-208.","startPage":"197","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e80e4b0c8380cd5c5d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Obermeier, S. F.","contributorId":17602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obermeier","given":"S. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, R. B. 0000-0002-8368-2064","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":92614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powars, D.S.","contributorId":7303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"D.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weems, R.E.","contributorId":44920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hallbick, D.C.","contributorId":26451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallbick","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gohn, G. S.","contributorId":25937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Markewich, H. W.","contributorId":31426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markewich","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70014675,"text":"70014675 - 1986 - FASP, an analytic resource appraisal program for petroleum play analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T15:41:34","indexId":"70014675","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"FASP, an analytic resource appraisal program for petroleum play analysis","docAbstract":"An analytic probabilistic methodology for resource appraisal of undiscovered oil and gas resources in play analysis is presented in a FORTRAN program termed FASP. This play-analysis methodology is a geostochastic system for petroleum resource appraisal in explored as well as frontier areas. An established geologic model considers both the uncertainty of the presence of the assessed hydrocarbon and its amount if present. The program FASP produces resource estimates of crude oil, nonassociated gas, dissolved gas, and gas for a geologic play in terms of probability distributions. The analytic method is based upon conditional probability theory and many laws of expectation and variance. ?? 1986.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0098-3004(86)90061-0","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Crovelli, R., and Balay, R., 1986, FASP, an analytic resource appraisal program for petroleum play analysis: Computers & Geosciences, v. 12, no. 4, p. 423-475, https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(86)90061-0.","startPage":"423","endPage":"475","numberOfPages":"53","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266186,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(86)90061-0"},{"id":226100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e6de4b0c8380cd53451","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crovelli, R. A.","contributorId":40969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crovelli","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balay, R.H.","contributorId":44177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balay","given":"R.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014676,"text":"70014676 - 1986 - ARCTIC SEA ICE EXTENT AND DRIFT, MODELED AS A VISCOUS FLUID.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:31","indexId":"70014676","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2928,"text":"Ocean science and engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ARCTIC SEA ICE EXTENT AND DRIFT, MODELED AS A VISCOUS FLUID.","docAbstract":"A dynamic/thermodynamic numerical model of sea ice has been used to calculate the yearly cycle of sea ice thicknesses, concentrations, and velocities in the Arctic Ocean and surrounding seas. The model combines the formulations of two previous models, taking the thermodynamics and momentum equations from the model of Parkinson and Washington and adding the constitutive equation and equation of state from the model of Ling, Rasmussen, and Campbell. Simulated annually averaged ice drift vectors compare well with observed ice drift from the Arctic Ocean Buoy Program.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ocean science and engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02752220","usgsCitation":"Ling, C., and Parkinson, C.L., 1986, ARCTIC SEA ICE EXTENT AND DRIFT, MODELED AS A VISCOUS FLUID.: Ocean science and engineering, v. 11, no. 1-2, p. 71-98.","startPage":"71","endPage":"98","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226101,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e634e4b0c8380cd47247","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ling, Chi-Hai","contributorId":55154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ling","given":"Chi-Hai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parkinson, Claire L.","contributorId":20916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkinson","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015565,"text":"70015565 - 1986 - Modern alluvial history of the Paria Rver drainage basin, southern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T11:19:36","indexId":"70015565","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern alluvial history of the Paria Rver drainage basin, southern Utah","docAbstract":"Stream channels in the Paria River basin were eroded and partially refilled between 1883 and 1980. Basin-wide erosion began in 1883; channels were fully entrenched and widened by 1890. This erosion occurred during the well-documented period of arroyo cutting in the Southwest. Photographs of the Paria River channel taken between 1918 and 1940 show that the channel did not have a floodplain and remained wide and deep until the early 1940s. A thin bar (<50 cm), now reworked and locally preserved, was deposited at that time. Basin-wide aggradation, which began in the early 1940s, developed floodplains by vertical accretion. The floodplain alluvium, 1.3-3 m thick. consists of two units recognizable throughout the studied area. An older unit was deposited during a time of low flow and sediment yield whereas the younger unit was deposited during times of high flow, sediment yield, and precipitation. Tree-ring dating suggests that the older unit was deposited between the early 1940s and 1956, and the younger between 1956 and 1980. The units are not time transgressive, suggesting that deposition by knickpoint recession was not an important process. High peak-flood discharges were associated with crosion and low flood discharges with aggradation. The erosional or aggradational mode of the streams was determined principally by peak-flood discharge, which in turn was controlled by precipitation. ?? 1986.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(86)90003-7","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Hereford, R., 1986, Modern alluvial history of the Paria Rver drainage basin, southern Utah: Quaternary Research, v. 25, no. 3, p. 293-311, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(86)90003-7.","startPage":"293","endPage":"311","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266541,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(86)90003-7"},{"id":223608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c89e4b0c8380cd6fd81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hereford, R.","contributorId":84437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereford","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014693,"text":"70014693 - 1986 - THERMAL-ENERGY STORAGE IN A DEEP SANDSTONE AQUIFER IN MINNESOTA: FIELD OBSERVATIONS AND THERMAL ENERGY-TRANSPORT MODELING.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:35","indexId":"70014693","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"THERMAL-ENERGY STORAGE IN A DEEP SANDSTONE AQUIFER IN MINNESOTA: FIELD OBSERVATIONS AND THERMAL ENERGY-TRANSPORT MODELING.","docAbstract":"A study of the feasibility of storing heated water in a deep sandstone aquifer in Minnesota is described. The aquifer consists of four hydraulic zones that are areally anisotropic and have average hydraulic conductivities that range from 0. 03 to 1. 2 meters per day. A preliminary axially symmetric, nonisothermal, isotropic, single-phase, radial-flow, thermal-energy-transport model was constructed to investigate the sensitivity of model simulation to various hydraulic and thermal properties of the aquifer. A three-dimensional flow and thermal-energy transport model was constructed to incorporate the areal anisotropy of the aquifer. Analytical solutions of equations describing areally anisotropic groundwater flow around a doublet-well system were used to specify model boundary conditions for simulation of heat injection. The entire heat-injection-testing period of approximately 400 days was simulated. Model-computed temperatures compared favorably with field-recorded temperatures, with differences of no more than plus or minus 8 degree C. For each test cycle, model-computed aquifer thermal efficiency, defined as total heat withdrawn divided by total heat injected, was within plus or minus 2% of the field-calculated values.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference","conferenceTitle":"21st Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference: Advancing toward Technology Breakout in Energy Conversion.","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC, USA","issn":"0146955X","isbn":"0841209863","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.T., 1986, THERMAL-ENERGY STORAGE IN A DEEP SANDSTONE AQUIFER IN MINNESOTA: FIELD OBSERVATIONS AND THERMAL ENERGY-TRANSPORT MODELING., <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, San Diego, CA, USA, p. 682-685.","startPage":"682","endPage":"685","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba388e4b08c986b31fd41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, R. T.","contributorId":15209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014694,"text":"70014694 - 1986 - Upper mantle structure from teleseismic P wave arrivals in Washington and northern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-25T14:35:05.341291","indexId":"70014694","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upper mantle structure from teleseismic P wave arrivals in Washington and northern Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span>Teleseismic&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;wave travel time residuals are used to detect lateral velocity heterogeneities in the upper mantle beneath Washington and northern Oregon. The results of an inversion for three-dimensional velocity variations resolves an east dipping high-velocity zone that we interpret as the subducting Juan de Fuca plate. The plate is characterized by 3–8% higher velocities than those in the surrounding upper mantle. Inversion of the travel time data and ray trace modeling indicate that the plate extends to a depth of 200–300 km. The plate dips at a moderate angle of 45° to the east-northeast beneath the central Washington Cascade Range north of Mount Rainier, with 5% faster velocities than the surrounding upper mantle. Beneath the North Cascade Range of Washington, the plate strikes to the northwest and has 6–8% faster velocities than the upper mantle to the west. South of 47°N, beneath the Cascade Range in southern Washington and northern Oregon, the plate dips steeply to the east and has 3–4% faster velocities than the surrounding upper mantle. Based on changes in the geometry and velocity structure of the subducted Juan de Fuca plate east of about 123°W, we propose that the subducted slab is segmented into three sections beneath Washington and northern Oregon.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB091iB02p02077","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Michaelson, C.A., and Weaver, C., 1986, Upper mantle structure from teleseismic P wave arrivals in Washington and northern Oregon: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 91, no. B2, p. 2077-2094, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB091iB02p02077.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2077","endPage":"2094","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225331,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"B2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd5ae4b08c986b328fa5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michaelson, C. A.","contributorId":50900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weaver, C.S.","contributorId":57874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015067,"text":"70015067 - 1986 - Applications of UThPb isotope systematics to the problems of radioactive waste disposal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T08:34:25","indexId":"70015067","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Applications of UThPb isotope systematics to the problems of radioactive waste disposal","docAbstract":"Concentrations of U, Th and Pb, and the isotopic composition of Pb for whole-rock samples of granitoids show: (1) that open-system behavior is nearly universal in the surface and near-surface environment; and (2) that elemental mobility is possible to depths of several hundred meters. Several identified or at least postulated factors that control U and/or Pb mobility include: (1) the mineralogical sites for U and its daughter products; (2) access of groundwater to these sites; (3) the volume of circulating water; and (4) the chemistry of the groundwater. Studies of granitic samples from peralkaline complexes in the Arabian Shield have shown that most samples lost less than 20% of their U during recent exposure to the near-surface environment. Most of the U in these samples appears to be firmly bound in zircons. In contrast, most surface and shallow drill-core samples of the granite of Lankin Dome (Granite Mountains, Wyoming) have lost ??? 70% of their U. Most of the U in these samples is weakly bound in biotite and epidote-family minerals. The granite recovered during the Illinois Deep Drill Hole Project (Stephenson County, Illinois) is mineralogically similar to the granite of Lankin Dome, but this granite lost radiogenic Pb rather than U, probably as a result of exposure to groundwater that had a markedly different chemistry from that in the Granite Mountains. Studies of the Sherman Granite (Wyoming) and the Go??temar Granite (southeastern Sweden) have shown that U and/or Pb mobility is greatest in and near fractured rock. The greater mobility is interpreted to be the result of both a larger water/rock ratio in the fractured rock and exposure to water over an increased surface area (and consequently a greater number of uranium sites). Several types of geochemical and mineralogic data can be used to identify rock-water interaction in granites; however, if rock samples have favorable radiogenic to common Pb ratios, both the amount and approximate timing of U or Pb mobility can be obtained through the use of isotopic studies. Such information can be extremely important in the search for favorable hosts for containment of radioactive waste. Rocks such as the Go??temar Granite have undergone considerable rock-water interaction, most of which occurred ??? 400 Myr. ago and little in recent times. Thus a search for zones that have experienced only a little interaction with water may provide a misleading prediction as to the ability of such zones to shield radioactive wastes from the modern biosphere. From an isotopic point of view, an ideal candidate for evaluation as a host rock for radioactive wastes would have the following characteristics: (1) a high ratio (> 2) of radiogenic to common Pb in order to optimize precision of the results; (2) a simple two-stage geologic history so that results could be interpreted without multiple working hypotheses; and (3) an originally high percentage (> 50%) of labile U so that the results would be highly sensitive to even small amount of rock-water interaction. These characteristics should produce rocks with marked radioactive disequilibrium in surface samples. The disequilibrium should grade to radioactive equilibrium with increasing depth until zones in which water has not circulated are found. Extensive regions of such zones must exist because UThPb systematics of most analyzed granitoids demonstrate closed-system behavior for almost all of their history except for their recent history in the near-surface environment. ?? 1986.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(86)90025-2","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Stuckless, J., 1986, Applications of UThPb isotope systematics to the problems of radioactive waste disposal: Chemical Geology, v. 55, no. 3-4, p. 215-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(86)90025-2.","startPage":"215","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266101,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(86)90025-2"},{"id":224287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ecc5e4b0c8380cd49494","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuckless, J. S.","contributorId":6060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015566,"text":"70015566 - 1986 - A tubular-coring device for use in biogeochemical sampling of succulent and pulpy plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-18T11:11:04.513071","indexId":"70015566","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A tubular-coring device for use in biogeochemical sampling of succulent and pulpy plants","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id3\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id4\"><p>A hand-operated, tubular-coring device developed for use in biogeochemical sampling of succulent and pulpy plants is described. The sampler weighs about 500 g (1.1 lb); and if 25 × 175 mm (1 × 7 in) screw-top test tubes are used as sample containers, the complete sampling equipment kit is easily portable, having both moderate bulk and weight.</p></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-snippets\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-references\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(86)90087-7","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Campbell, W.L., 1986, A tubular-coring device for use in biogeochemical sampling of succulent and pulpy plants: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 25, no. 3, p. 397-399, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(86)90087-7.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"399","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223609,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e607e4b0c8380cd470f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, W. L.","contributorId":46939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015078,"text":"70015078 - 1986 - Evaluation of gas data from high-temperature fumaroles at Mount St. Helens, 1980-1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015078","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of gas data from high-temperature fumaroles at Mount St. Helens, 1980-1982","docAbstract":"The Mount St. Helens fumarole gases show linear composition trends during periods of noneruptive degassing between September 1980 and October 1981. The trends are characterized by increasing H2O and decreasing CO2 and sulfur. Maximum fumarole temperatures also show a linear decrease during this period. High-temperature fumarole gases collected from the crater and dome between September 1980 and July 1982 are all H2O-rich (> 90%) with 1-10% CO2 and small amounts of H2S, SO2, H2, CO, HC, and HF. Trace amounts of COS and S2 are present, and occasional observations of minor CH4 appear to result from contamination or low-temperature reactions in sample vessels. The O2 fugacities of the gases remain near Ni-NiO during cooling. The low sulfur content of the gases obviates the need for extensive gas-rock oxygen exchange to maintain fO2's near Ni-NiO. A detailed thermodynamic analysis of 50 gas samples collected between September 1980 and December 1981 led to improved compositions for 22 samples. The gases were initially in a state of equilibrium, but disequilibrium modifications from atmospheric oxidation of H2 and, to a lesser extent, CO occurred within the upper portions of the fumarole vents. The last temperatures of equilibrium for the fumarole gases range from 800??C to 650??C and are nearly always higher than the collection temperatures. No evidence was found of disequilibrium admixture of surface waters; if such modifications of the fumarole gases occurred, the water must have been added at depth and have reequilibrated with the other gas species at magmatic or near-magmatic temperatures. The highest quality analytical data are obtained by field gas chromatograph measurements and from caustic soda bottle samples. Samples collected in evacuated bottles or by pumping through double stopcock tubes tend to be severely deficient in sulfur due to post-collection reactions between H2S and SO2. It is also necessary to infer the water content of the latter samples. ?? 1986.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Gerlach, T., and Casadevall, T.J., 1986, Evaluation of gas data from high-temperature fumaroles at Mount St. Helens, 1980-1982: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 28, no. 1-2, p. 107-140.","startPage":"107","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c77e4b0c8380cd52b6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerlach, T.M.","contributorId":38713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerlach","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casadevall, T. J.","contributorId":96680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casadevall","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015081,"text":"70015081 - 1986 - Recent patterns of sulfate variability in pristine streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-09T18:35:13.028689","indexId":"70015081","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":925,"text":"Atmospheric Environment - Part A General Topics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent patterns of sulfate variability in pristine streams","docAbstract":"Systematic modes of spatial and temporal variation in a 13-y record of stream sulfate from a nationwide network of headwater sampling stations are defined using principal components. Based on the undisturbed nature of the sampling network, it is suggested that these modes of stream sulfate variability are analogues for variations in acid deposition. Three statistically significant components, accounting for approximately 50% of the total stream sulfate variance, are identified. Analysis of component loadings and scores indicates that a major transition occurred in the early 1970s when stream sulfate concentrations in the northeast changed from persistently above mean levels to persistently below. At the same time concentrations of sulfate in Gulf and Southeast Atlantic coast streams shifted from persistently below to persistently above mean concentrations. Significantly, these changes occurred contemporaneously with regional trends in sulfate emissions which can generally be characterized as decreasing in the northeast and increasing in the southeast.Systematic modes of spatial and temporal variation in a 13-y record of stream sulfate from a nationwide network of headwater sampling stations are defined using principal components. Based on the undisturbed nature of the sampling network, it is suggested that these modes of stream sulfate variability are analogues for variations in acid deposition. Three statistically significant components, accounting for approximately 50% of the total stream sulfate variance, are identified. Analysis of component loadings and scores indicates that a major transition occurred in the early 1970s when stream sulfate concentrations in the northeast changed from persistently above mean levels to persistently below. At the same time concentrations of sulfate in Gulf and Southeast Atlantic coast streams shifted from persistently below to persistently above mean concentrations.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0004-6981(86)90040-5","issn":"00046981","usgsCitation":"Lins, H., 1986, Recent patterns of sulfate variability in pristine streams: Atmospheric Environment - Part A General Topics, v. 20, no. 2, p. 367-375, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(86)90040-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"375","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223636,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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States\"}}]}","volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9631e4b0c8380cd81e61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lins, H.F.","contributorId":81508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"H.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015630,"text":"70015630 - 1986 - Carbon isotope systematics of a mantle \"hotspot\": A comparison of Loihi Seamount and MORB glasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-10T21:33:21.151899","indexId":"70015630","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon isotope systematics of a mantle \"hotspot\": A comparison of Loihi Seamount and MORB glasses","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"ab1\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>The carbon isotope geochemistry of glasses from Loihi Seamount has been compared with that of MORB glasses. Stepped heating shows two carbon components in both sample suites: (1) isotopically light carbon (<i>avg. δ<sup>13</sup>C = −26.3‰</i>) released &lt; 600°C, ascribed to surficial contamination, and (2) isotopically heavy carbon released &gt; 600°C, regarded as indigenous. The high-temperature component in MORB samples varied from 52 to 169 ppm C, average<i>δ<sup>13</sup>C = −6.6‰</i>, consistent with previous studies (overall MORD average<i>δ<sup>13</sup>C = −6.4 ± 0.9‰</i>), and new results for Indian Ocean glasses are similar to Atlantic and Pacific Ocean samples. Carbon release profiles produced by stepped heating may be typical of locality, but there are no significant differences in<i>δ<sup>13</sup>C</i><span>&nbsp;</span>values between MORB samples from different areas. Lower yields (17–110 ppm C) correlated with depth in the Loihi samples suggest that they are partially degassed. This degassing has not affected<i>δ<sup>13</sup>C</i><span>&nbsp;</span>values significantly (avg. −5.8‰). Loihi tholeiites have higher<i>δ<sup>13</sup>C</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(avg. −5.6‰) than the alkali basalts (avg. −7.1‰). Carbon abundances correlate well with He concentration data. Comparison of the<i>δ<sup>13</sup>C</i><span>&nbsp;</span>values with trace element and He, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope data from the literature suggests that the Loihi samples with highest<i>δ<sup>13</sup>C</i><span>&nbsp;</span>have high<sup>3</sup>He/<sup>4</sup>He and possibly the least depleted<sup>143</sup>Nd/<sup>144</sup>Nd and<sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr. The carbon isotope data are consistent with previous models for Loihi involving several mantle sources, lithospheric contamination, and mixing. The slightly higher<i>δ<sup>13</sup>C</i><span>&nbsp;</span>of Loihi tholeiites suggests that the undegassed “plume” component manifested by high<sup>3</sup>He/<sup>4</sup>He values might have<i>δ<sup>13</sup>C</i><span>&nbsp;</span>about 1‰ higher than the MORB average.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(86)90060-9","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Exley, R., Mattey, D., Clague, D., and Pillinger, C., 1986, Carbon isotope systematics of a mantle \"hotspot\": A comparison of Loihi Seamount and MORB glasses: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 78, no. 2-3, p. 189-199, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(86)90060-9.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223831,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f366e4b0c8380cd4b7a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Exley, R.A.","contributorId":70542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Exley","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mattey, D.P.","contributorId":62349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattey","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pillinger, C.T.","contributorId":98046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pillinger","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015189,"text":"70015189 - 1986 - RELATION BETWEEN SURFACE-WATER QUALITY AND THE COMPOSITION OF COAL IN PIKE COUNTY, KENTUCKY.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:00","indexId":"70015189","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"RELATION BETWEEN SURFACE-WATER QUALITY AND THE COMPOSITION OF COAL IN PIKE COUNTY, KENTUCKY.","docAbstract":"The quality of surface water in Pike County, Kentucky, seems to reflect the composition of coals in the county. Groundwater acquires mineral concentration characteristics of the rocks through which it moves. When groundwater is discharged to streams the mineral concentrations in streams, especially during low flow periods, are characteristic of several coal beds that are a part of the aquifier system contributing water to the streams. A regression analysis was also performed to develop statistical models to estimate the quality of surface water based on the composition of the coals. Twenty models consisting of 10 two-variable models and 10 three-variable models were developed for the maximum values.","largerWorkTitle":"University of Kentucky, Office of Engineering Services, (Bulletin) UKY BU","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings - 1986 Symposium on Mining, Hydrology, Sedimentology, and Reclamation.","conferenceLocation":"Lexington, KY, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Univ of Kentucky","publisherLocation":"Lexington, KY, USA","issn":"02706504","isbn":"0897790677","usgsCitation":"Kiesler, J., 1986, RELATION BETWEEN SURFACE-WATER QUALITY AND THE COMPOSITION OF COAL IN PIKE COUNTY, KENTUCKY., <i>in</i> University of Kentucky, Office of Engineering Services, (Bulletin) UKY BU, Lexington, KY, USA.","startPage":"221","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9341e4b0c8380cd80cec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiesler, Jay","contributorId":35751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiesler","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015602,"text":"70015602 - 1986 - Obstacles facing the Venus radar mapper - The implications of gestalt formation in stereo-radargrammetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015602","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1429,"text":"Earth, Moon and Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Obstacles facing the Venus radar mapper - The implications of gestalt formation in stereo-radargrammetry","docAbstract":"The question of adapting to radar images the existing hardware that form topographic maps through stereo-photogrammetric models, is examined in principle. Such hardware utilizes a human/computer hybrid. Although the problem of brightness differentials between corresponding landmarks can be dealt with pseudo-photoclinometrically, the main problem is whether the perspective in a radar image can be conceived to mimic that of a photographic image obtained by a suitably positioned camera. This conception is found to be possible, providing the characteristic relief subtends a very small angle at the radar and at the fictitious camera. The photogrammetric model parameters must be determined a priori. ?? 1986 D. Reidel Publishing Company.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth, Moon and Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00113883","issn":"01679295","usgsCitation":"Wildey, R., 1986, Obstacles facing the Venus radar mapper - The implications of gestalt formation in stereo-radargrammetry: Earth, Moon and Planets, v. 36, no. 1, p. 41-48, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00113883.","startPage":"41","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205465,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00113883"},{"id":224267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6b08e4b0c8380cd744a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wildey, R.L.","contributorId":9700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildey","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014525,"text":"70014525 - 1986 - Precambrian basement geology of North and South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-25T18:24:46.222553","indexId":"70014525","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precambrian basement geology of North and South Dakota","docAbstract":"<p><span>Combined analysis of drill-hole, gravity, and magnetic data indicates that the buried Precambrian basement rocks of the Dakotas can be divided into several lithotectonic terranes. Eastern North Dakota and northeastern South Dakota are underlain by Archean gneiss. Except for the Black Hills region of South Dakota, where Archean rocks are also exposed, the western third of both Dakotas is underlain mainly by Early Proterozoic gneiss and metasedimentary rocks. Part of this region is underlain by Archean crust with an Early Proterozoic tectonic overprint. A broad transition zone of strongly overprinted Archean crust occurs between the Proterozoic rocks to the west and the Archean rocks to the east. South central South Dakota is underlain by an Early Proterozoic batholith. Early Proterozoic felsic volcanic rocks occur in southeast South Dakota. The bootheel portion of South Dakota contains a diverse assemblage of basement rocks that are partly Archean in age.Churchill Province rocks of the Trans-Hudson foldbelt project into the western Dakotas. The Thompson nickel belt and the Pickwitonei gneiss belt correlate with the western and eastern halves, respectively, of the transition between Archean and Proterozoic crust, and the Archean Glennie – Hanson Lake microcontinent of the Churchill Province likely extends into western North Dakota. Archean rocks of Minnesota extend into the eastern Dakotas, and the Wyoming craton extends to the Black Hills region. The Cheyenne foldbelt projects into southwest South Dakota. The Penokean foldbelt of Michigan and Wisconsin does not extend into the Dakotas, but it most likely extends into northwest Iowa.Tectonic evolution of the Early Proterozoic terrane in the Dakotas was most likely similar to plate tectonic models for the evolution of the Trans-Hudson foldbelt in the Churchill Province. As in the Churchill Province, the western Dakotas are underlain by Early Proterozoic rocks, but it is not known whether these rocks formed as a result of rifting and subsequent closure of a once extensive Archean crust or as a result of collision of once widely separated blocks of Archean crust.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e86-109","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Klasner, J.S., and King, E.R., 1986, Precambrian basement geology of North and South Dakota: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1083-1102, https://doi.org/10.1139/e86-109.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1083","endPage":"1102","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225779,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota, South 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,{"id":70014536,"text":"70014536 - 1986 - Zimbabweite, a new alkali-lead arsenic tantalate from St Anns mine, Karoi district, Zimbabwe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-31T13:44:10.582996","indexId":"70014536","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1095,"text":"Bulletin de Mineralogie","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Zimbabweite, a new alkali-lead arsenic tantalate from St Anns mine, Karoi district, Zimbabwe","docAbstract":"<p>Zimbabweite (Na,K)<sub>2</sub>PbAs<sub>4</sub>(Ta,Nb,Ti)<sub>4</sub>O<sub>18</sub>, a new mineral with trivalent arsenic, has been recognized at St Anns mine, southeast of Miami, Karoi district, Zimbabwe, in kaolinized pegmatite and dump material.</p><p>The mineral is honey yellow-brown in large crystals, which are as much as 1 x 1 x 2 cm, and is clear pale yellow in thin fragments. Oxidation results in darkening of the color. There is one excellent cleavage, {010}. Zimbabweite has a Mohs hardness of 5 to 5.5, a white streak, adamantine luster, brittle fracture, is not magnetic, and does not fluoresce under either short wave or long wave ultraviolet light. d<sub>m</sub> = 6.20(3) and d<sub>c</sub> = 6.16 g/cm3. Optically, the mineral is biaxial (+), 2V<sub>Z</sub> = about 80°. Mean reflectances in air for an {010} = X-Z cleavage plate are : 589 nm--16.6 %, 470 nm--17.7 %, 546 nm--17.1 %, 650 nm--16.4 %. The indices of refraction determined by immersion methods are all greater than 2.10. Optic axis dispersion is very strong with ν &gt; r, a = Z, b = Y, and c = X. The mineral is very pale yelow and is moderately pleochroic and X = pale yellow brown, Y = light reddish brown, and Z =reddish brown.<br></p><p>Zimbabweite is insoluble in common acids or bases. A chemical analysis yielded, in weight percent, Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> 46.5, As<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> 26.5, PbO 15.0, Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> 4.8, Na<sub>2</sub>O 3.1, K<sub>2</sub>O 1.5, TiO<sub>2</sub> 1.4, BaO 0.4, UO<sub>2</sub> 0.3, Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>0.2, H<sub>2</sub>O (total) 0.19, SnO<sub>2</sub> 0.1, F 0.04, SrO 0.02, total 100.05. A calculated formula is :<br>(Na<sub>1.51</sub>K<sub>0.48</sub>Ba<sub>0.04</sub>)<sub>Σ2.03</sub>Pb<sub>1.01</sub>(As<sub>4.03</sub>Bi<sub>0.01</sub>)<sub>Σ4.04</sub>(Ta<sub>3.17</sub>Nb<sub>0.55</sub>Ti<sub>0.26</sub>U<sub>0.02</sub>Sn<sub>0.01</sub>)<sub>Σ4.01</sub>O<sub>18</sub>.<br></p><p>Zimbabweite is orthorhombic, space group is <i>Ccma</i> or <i>Cc2a</i>, with <i>a</i> = 12.233(2)Å, <i>b</i> = 15.292(2)Å, <i>c</i> = 8.665(2)Å, V = 1621. 0(4) Å<sub>3</sub>, with Z = 4. No structural relationship between zimbabweite and any other tantalate minerals is apparent.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Persee","doi":"10.3406/bulmi.1986.7943","usgsCitation":"Foord, E.E., Taggart, J., Gaines, R.V., Grubb, P.L., and Kristiansen, R., 1986, Zimbabweite, a new alkali-lead arsenic tantalate from St Anns mine, Karoi district, Zimbabwe: Bulletin de Mineralogie, v. 109, no. 4, p. 331-336, https://doi.org/10.3406/bulmi.1986.7943.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"336","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225960,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Zimbabwe","otherGeospatial":"Karoi District","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              29.664017433816042,\n              -16.606052251996815\n            ],\n            [\n              29.664017433816042,\n              -16.817629744392306\n            ],\n            [\n              29.856865623007025,\n              -16.817629744392306\n            ],\n            [\n              29.856865623007025,\n              -16.606052251996815\n            ],\n            [\n              29.664017433816042,\n              -16.606052251996815\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"109","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd268e4b08c986b32f7cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foord, Eugene E.","contributorId":96319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foord","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taggart, Joseph E.","contributorId":8992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"Joseph E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gaines, R. V.","contributorId":7852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaines","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grubb, P. L .C.","contributorId":19305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grubb","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"L .C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kristiansen, R.","contributorId":26821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kristiansen","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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