{"pageNumber":"1476","pageRowStart":"36875","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70046849,"text":"70046849 - 2013 - The roles of large top predators in coastal ecosystems: new insights from long term ecological research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T12:56:54","indexId":"70046849","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:59:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2929,"text":"Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The roles of large top predators in coastal ecosystems: new insights from long term ecological research","docAbstract":"During recent human history, human activities such as overhunting and habitat destruction have severely impacted many large top predator populations around the world. Studies from a variety of ecosystems show that loss or diminishment of top predator populations can have serious consequences for population and community dynamics and ecosystem stability. However, there are relatively few studies of the roles of large top predators in coastal ecosystems, so that we do not yet completely understand what could happen to coastal areas if large top predators are extirpated or significantly reduced in number. This lack of knowledge is surprising given that coastal areas around the globe are highly valued and densely populated by humans, and thus coastal large top predator populations frequently come into conflict with coastal human populations. This paper reviews what is known about the ecological roles of large top predators in coastal systems and presents a synthesis of recent work from three coastal eastern US Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites where long-term studies reveal what appear to be common themes relating to the roles of large top predators in coastal systems. We discuss three specific themes: (1) large top predators acting as mobile links between disparate habitats, (2) large top predators potentially affecting nutrient and biogeochemical dynamics through localized behaviors, and (3) individual specialization of large top predator behaviors. We also discuss how research within the LTER network has led to enhanced understanding of the ecological roles of coastal large top predators. Highlighting this work is intended to encourage further investigation of the roles of large top predators across diverse coastal aquatic habitats and to better inform researchers and ecosystem managers about the importance of large top predators for coastal ecosystem health and stability.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Oceanography Society","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2013.59","usgsCitation":"Rosenblatt, A.E., Heithaus, M.R., Mather, M.E., Matich, P., Nifong, J., Ripple, W.J., and Silliman, B.R., 2013, The roles of large top predators in coastal ecosystems: new insights from long term ecological research: Oceanography, v. 26, no. 3, p. 156-167, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.59.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"156","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-045288","costCenters":[{"id":352,"text":"Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.59","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281002,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.59"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida;Georgia;Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Florida Coastal Everglades;Georgia Coastal Ecosystems;Plum Island Ecosystems","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.74,25.04 ], [ -82.74,42.89 ], [ -69.93,42.89 ], [ -69.93,25.04 ], [ -82.74,25.04 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7885e4b0b2908510c326","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenblatt, Adam E.","contributorId":84206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenblatt","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heithaus, Michael R.","contributorId":42828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heithaus","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matich, Philip","contributorId":92576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matich","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nifong, James C.","contributorId":23377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nifong","given":"James C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ripple, William J.","contributorId":24271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ripple","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Silliman, Brian R.","contributorId":53659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silliman","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70102155,"text":"70102155 - 2013 - Summit crater lake observations, and the location, chemistry, and pH of water samples near Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska: 2004-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T18:05:09","indexId":"70102155","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5492,"text":"Report of Investigations of the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2011-6","title":"Summit crater lake observations, and the location, chemistry, and pH of water samples near Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska: 2004-2012","docAbstract":"<p>Mount Chiginagak is a hydrothermally active volcano on the Alaska Peninsula, approximately 170 km south–southwest of King Salmon, Alaska (fig. 1). This small stratovolcano, approximately 8 km in diameter, has erupted through Tertiary to Permian sedimentary and igneous rocks (Detterman and others, 1987). The highest peak is at an elevation of 2,135 m, and the upper ~1,000 m of the volcano are covered with snow and ice. Holocene activity consists of debris avalanches, lahars, and lava flows. Pleistocene pyroclastic flows and block-and-ash flows, interlayered with andesitic lava flows, dominate the edifice rocks on the northern and western flanks. Historical reports of activity are limited and generally describe “steaming” and “smoking” (Coats, 1950; Powers, 1958). Proximal tephra collected during recent fieldwork suggests there may have been limited Holocene explosive activity that resulted in localized ash fall. A cluster of fumaroles on the north flank, at an elevation of ~1,750 m, commonly referred to as the “north flank fumarole” have been emitting gas throughout historical time (location shown in fig. 2). The only other thermal feature at the volcano is the Mother Goose hot springs located at the base of the edifice on the northwestern flank in upper Volcano Creek, at an elevation of ~160 m (fig. 2, near sites H1, H3, and H4).</p>\n<br>\n<p>Sometime between November 2004 and May 2005, a ~400-m-wide, 100-m-deep lake developed in the snow- and ice-filled summit crater of the volcano (Schaefer and others, 2008). In early May 2005, an estimated 3 million cubic meters (3×106 m3) of sulfurous, clay-rich debris and acidic water exited the crater through tunnels at the base of a glacier that breaches the south crater rim. More than 27 km downstream, these acidic flood waters reached approximately 1.3 m above normal water levels and inundated a fertile, salmon-spawning drainage, acidifying the entire water column of Mother Goose Lake from its surface waters to its maximum depth of 45 m (resulting pH ~2.9), and preventing the annual salmon run in the King Salmon River. A simultaneous release of gas and acidic aerosols from the crater caused widespread vegetation damage along the flow path.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Since 2005, we have been monitoring the crater lake water that continues to flow into Mother Goose Lake by collecting surface water samples for major cation and anion analysis, measuring surface-water pH of affected drainages, and photo-documenting the condition of the summit crater lake. This report describes water sampling locations, provides a table of chemistry and pH measurements, and documents the condition of the summit crater between 2004 and 2011. In September 2013, the report was updated with results of water-chemistry samples collected in 2011 and 2012, which were added as an addendum.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","doi":"10.14509/25602","usgsCitation":"Schaefer, J.R., Scott, W.E., Evans, W.C., Wang, B., and McGimsey, R.G., 2013, Summit crater lake observations, and the location, chemistry, and pH of water samples near Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska: 2004-2012 (Version 2): Report of Investigations of the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys 2011-6, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.14509/25602.","productDescription":"25 p.","numberOfPages":"31","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-034755","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/25602","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287597,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.14509/25602"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chiginagak Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -157.5,57.0 ], [ -157.5,57.25 ], [ -156.75,57.25 ], [ -156.75,57.0 ], [ -157.5,57.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b403e4b09e18fc023ab2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaefer, Janet R.","contributorId":82224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Bronwen 0000-0003-1044-2227 bwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-2227","contributorId":2351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Bronwen","email":"bwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGimsey, Robert G. 0000-0001-5379-7779 mcgimsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-7779","contributorId":2352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"Robert","email":"mcgimsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047919,"text":"70047919 - 2013 - Variation in salinity tolerance among larval anurans: implications for community composition and the spread of an invasive, non-native species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-15T11:57:46","indexId":"70047919","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:51:43","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in salinity tolerance among larval anurans: implications for community composition and the spread of an invasive, non-native species","docAbstract":"Amphibians in freshwater coastal wetlands periodically experience acute exposure to salinity from hurricane-related overwash events, as well as chronic exposure associated with rising sea levels. In a comparative experimental approach, we examined whether seven species of anuran amphibians vary in their tolerance to changes in salinity. In a laboratory study, we exposed larval <i>Hyla cinerea</i> (Green Treefrog), <i>H. squirella</i> (Squirrel Treefrog), <i>Lithobates catesbeianus</i> (American Bullfrog), <i>L. sphenocephalus</i> (Southern Leopard Frog), <i>Anaxyrus terrestris</i> (Southern Toad), and <i>Gastrophryne carolinensis</i> (Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad) from an inland population in north central Florida, USA, and <i>Osteopilus septentrionalis</i> (Cuban Treefrog) tadpoles from an inland population in southwest Florida, to acute salinity for 72 h. For each species, we replicated trials in which tadpoles were exposed to salinities of 0.2 (control), 5, 10, 12, 14, and 16 ppt. For all species, tadpoles reared in the control and 5 ppt treatments had 96.7–100% survival. No individuals of <i>G. carolinensis</i> survived at salinities exceeding 5 ppt and no individuals of any species survived in the 14 or 16 ppt treatments. For all other native species, survival at 10 ppt ranged from 46.7 to 80%, but declined to 0% at 12 ppt (except for <i>H. cinerea</i>, of which only 3.3% survived at 12 ppt). In contrast, all individuals of the invasive, non-native <i>O. septentrionalis</i> survived exposure to a salinity of 10 ppt, and survival in this species remained relatively high at 12 ppt. Our results illustrate that the non-native <i>O. septentrionalis</i> has a higher salinity tolerance than the native species tested, which may contribute to its invasion potential. Moreover, species commonly associated with coastal freshwater wetlands differ in their salinity tolerances, suggesting that salt water intrusion due to storm surges and sea level rise may affect the species composition of these ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Copeia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1643/CH-12-159","usgsCitation":"Brown, M.E., and Walls, S., 2013, Variation in salinity tolerance among larval anurans: implications for community composition and the spread of an invasive, non-native species: Copeia, v. 2013, no. 3, p. 543-551, https://doi.org/10.1643/CH-12-159.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"543","endPage":"551","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-039483","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281085,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CH-12-159"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.63,24.4 ], [ -87.63,31.0 ], [ -79.97,31.0 ], [ -79.97,24.4 ], [ -87.63,24.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2013","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7af5e4b0b2908510dd18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Mary E. 0000-0002-5580-137X mbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5580-137X","contributorId":5688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Mary","email":"mbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":52284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70074055,"text":"70074055 - 2013 - Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of organic content in shales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T11:56:54","indexId":"70074055","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:41:09","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of organic content in shales","docAbstract":"<p>Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) relaxometry is a non-invasive technique commonly used to assess hydrogen-bearing fluids in petroleum reservoir rocks. Longitudinal T<sub>1</sub> and transverse T<sub>2</sub> relaxation time measurements made using LF-NMR on conventional reservoir systems provides information on rock porosity, pore size distributions, and fluid types and saturations in some cases. Recent improvements in LF-SNMR instrument electronics have made it possible to apply these methods to assess highly viscous and even solid organic phases within reservoir rocks. T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> relaxation responses behave very differently in solids and liquids, therefore the relationship between these two modes of relaxation can be used to differentiate organic phases in rock samples or to characterize extracted organic materials. Using T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>2</sub> correlation data, organic components present in shales, such as kerogen and bitumen, can be examined in laboratory relaxometry measurements. In addition, implementation of a solid-echo pulse sequence to refocus some types of T<sub>2</sub> relaxation during correlation measurements allows for improved resolution of solid phase photons.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>LF-NMR measurements of T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> relaxation time correlations were carried out on raw oil shale samples from resources around the world. These shales vary widely in mineralogy, total organic carbon (TOC) content and kerogen type. NMR results were correlcated with Leco TOC and geochemical data obtained from Rock-Eval. There is excellent correlation between NMR data and programmed pyrolysis parameters, particularly TOC and S2, and predictive capability is also good. To better understand the NMR response, the 2D NMR spectra were compared to similar NMR measurements made using high-field (HF) NMR equipment.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Core Analysts","usgsCitation":"Washburn, K.E., Birdwell, J.E., Seymour, J.D., Kirkland, C., and Vogt, S.J., 2013, Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of organic content in shales, <i>in</i> Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-045577","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287669,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.scaweb.org/symposium_2013_proceedings.shtml"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5387056de4b0aa26cd7b53c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Washburn, Kathryn E.","contributorId":76644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Washburn","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7152,"text":"Weatherford International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seymour, Joseph D.","contributorId":59353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seymour","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirkland, Catherine","contributorId":82616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkland","given":"Catherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vogt, Sarah J.","contributorId":86267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogt","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70101103,"text":"70101103 - 2013 - Reverberations on the watery element: A significant tsunamigenic historical earthquake offshore the Carolina coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-10T11:38:22","indexId":"70101103","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reverberations on the watery element: A significant tsunamigenic historical earthquake offshore the Carolina coast","docAbstract":"We investigate an early nineteenth-century earthquake that has\nbeen previously cataloged but not previously investigated in\ndetail or recognized as a significant event. The earthquake\nstruck at approximately 4:30 a.m. LT on 8 January 1817 and\nwas widely felt throughout the southeastern and mid-Atlantic\nUnited States. Around 11:00 a.m. the same day, an eyewitness\ndescribed a 12-inch tide that rose abruptly and agitated boats\non the Delaware River near Philadelphia. We show that the\ntiming of this tide is consistent with the predicted travel time\nfor a tsunami generated by an offshore earthquake 6–7 hours\nearlier. By combining constraints provided by the shaking intensity\ndistribution and the tsunami observation, we conclude\nthat the 1817 earthquake had a magnitude of low- to mid-M 7\nand a location 800–1000 km offshore of South Carolina. Our\nresults suggest that poorly understood offshore source zones\nmight represent a previously unrecognized hazard to the\nsouthern and mid-Atlantic coast. Both observational and modeling\nresults indicate that potential tsunami hazard within\nDelaware Bay merits consideration: the simple geometry of\nthe bay appears to catch and focus tsunami waves. Our preferred\nlocation for the 1817 earthquake is along a diffuse\nnortheast-trending zone defined by instrumentally recorded\nand historical earthquakes. The seismotectonic framework for\nthis region remains enigmatic.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Research Letters","doi":"10.1785/0220120152","usgsCitation":"Hough, S.E., Munsey, J., and Ward, S.N., 2013, Reverberations on the watery element: A significant tsunamigenic historical earthquake offshore the Carolina coast: Seismological Research Letters, v. 84, no. 5, p. 891-898, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220120152.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"898","ipdsId":"IP-031186","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286176,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220120152"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"South Carolina Coast","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.5523,32.0993 ], [ -80.5523,34.4427 ], [ -77.4928,34.4427 ], [ -77.4928,32.0993 ], [ -80.5523,32.0993 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"84","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355955ce4b0120853e8c1b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, Susan E. 0000-0002-5980-2986 hough@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"Susan","email":"hough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munsey, Jeffrey","contributorId":77833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munsey","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, Steven N.","contributorId":9164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125326,"text":"70125326 - 2013 - A new species of <i>Eimeria</i> Schneider, 1875 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from <i>Carlia</i> spp. (Sauria: Scincidae) from Papua New Guinea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T14:11:31","indexId":"70125326","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:28:50","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5448,"text":"Systematic Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new species of <i>Eimeria</i> Schneider, 1875 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from <i>Carlia</i> spp. (Sauria: Scincidae) from Papua New Guinea","docAbstract":"A new species of <i>Eimeria</i> Schneider, 1875 from rainbow skinks, <i>Carlia ailanpalai</i> Zug and <i>Carlia eothen</i> Zug is described from specimens collected in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Oöcysts of <i>Eimeria zugi</i> n. sp. from one of one (100%) <i>C. eothen</i> are ellipsoidal to cylindroidal, with a smooth, colourless, bi-layered wall, measure 25.1 × 15.5 μm and have a length/width ratio of 1.6. The micropyle and the oöcyst residuum are absent, but a polar granule is present. The sporocysts are ovoidal to ellipsoidal and 10.3 × 7.1 μm in size and do not contain Stieda, sub-Stieda or para-Stieda bodies; and the sporocyst residuum is composed of a compact mass of large globules. The sporozoites are elongate, 12.8 × 2.9 μm in size, and contain anterior and posterior refractile bodies with a nucleus between them. This is the ninth species of coccidium described from skinks from PNG, and the new species described herein is apparently endemic to the skink genus <i>Carlia</i> (Gray).","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11230-013-9429-4","usgsCitation":"McAllister, C.T., Duszynski, D.W., Fisher, R.N., and Austin, C., 2013, A new species of <i>Eimeria</i> Schneider, 1875 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from <i>Carlia</i> spp. (Sauria: Scincidae) from Papua New Guinea: Systematic Parasitology, v. 86, no. 1, p. 53-57, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-013-9429-4.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"57","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-046216","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293932,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293927,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11230-013-9429-4"}],"volume":"86","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5419511ee4b091c7ffc8e557","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAllister, Chris T.","contributorId":22704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAllister","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duszynski, Donald W.","contributorId":87869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duszynski","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Austin, Christopher C.","contributorId":8772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Christopher C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70074054,"text":"70074054 - 2013 - NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T11:39:50","indexId":"70074054","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:26:46","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field","docAbstract":"Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at low field is used extensively to provide porosity and \npore-size distributions in reservoir rocks. For unconventional resources, due to low porosity and \npermeability of the samples, much of the signal exists at very short T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times. In \naddition, the organic content of many shales will also produce signal at short relaxation times. \nDespite recent improvements in low-field technology, limitations still exist that make it difficult \nto account for all hydrogen-rich constituents in very tight rocks, such as shales. The short pulses \nand dead times along with stronger gradients available when using high-field NMR equipment \nprovides a more complete measurement of hydrogen-bearing phases due to the ability to probe \nshorter T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times (<10<sup>-5</sup>\n sec) than can be examined using low-field equipment. Access \nto these shorter T<sub>2</sub> times allows for confirmation of partially resolved peaks observed in low-field \nNMR data that have been attributed to solid organic phases in oil shales. High-field (300 MHz or \n7 T) NMR measurements of spin-spin T<sub>2</sub> and spin-lattice T<sub>1</sub> magnetic relaxation of raw and \nartificially matured oil shales have potential to provide data complementary to low field (2 MHz \nor 0.05T) measurements. Measurements of high-field T<sub>2</sub> and T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>2</sub> correlations are presented. \nThese data can be interpreted in terms of organic matter phases and mineral-bound water known \nto be present in the shale samples, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and \nshow distributions of hydrogen-bearing phases present in the shales that are similar to those \nobserved in low field measurements.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Core Analysts","usgsCitation":"Seymour, J.D., Washburn, K.E., Kirkland, C.M., Vogt, S.J., Birdwell, J.E., and Codd, S.L., 2013, NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field, <i>in</i> Proceedings: International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-045781","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287665,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.scaweb.org/symposium_2013_proceedings.shtml"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5387056fe4b0aa26cd7b53d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seymour, Joseph D.","contributorId":59353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seymour","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Washburn, Kathryn E.","contributorId":76644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Washburn","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7152,"text":"Weatherford International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirkland, Catherine M.","contributorId":67414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkland","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vogt, Sarah J.","contributorId":86267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogt","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Codd, Sarah L.","contributorId":70291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Codd","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70047257,"text":"70047257 - 2013 - Enamel-based mark performance for marking Chinese mystery snail <i>Bellamya chinensis</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-07T11:40:39","indexId":"70047257","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:22:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Enamel-based mark performance for marking Chinese mystery snail <i>Bellamya chinensis</i>","docAbstract":"The exoskeleton of gastropods provides a convenient surface for carrying marks, and i the interest of improving future marking methods our laboratory assessed the performance of an enamel paint. The endurance of the paint was also compared to other marking methods assessed in the past. We marked the shells of 30 adult Chinese mystery snails Bellamya chinensis and held them in an aquarium for 181 days. We observed no complete degradation of any enamel-paint mark during the 181 days. The enamel-paint mark was superior to a nai;-polish mark, which lasted a median of 100 days. Enamel-paint marks also have a lower rate of loss (0.00 month<sup>-1</sup> 181 days) than plastic bee tags (0.01 month<sup>-1</sup>, 57 days), gouache paint (0.07 month<sup>-1</sup>, 18.5 days), or car body paint from studies found in scientific literature. Legibility of enamel-paint marks had a median lifetime of 102 days. The use of enamel paint on the shells of gastropods is a viable option for studies lasting up to 6 months. Furthermore, visits to capture-mark-recapture site 1 year after application of enamel-paint marks on B. chinesnis shells produced several individuals on which the enamel paint was still visible, although further testing is required to clarify durability over longer periods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Management of Biological Invasions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2013.4.3.05","usgsCitation":"Wong, A., Allen, C.R., Hart, N.M., Haak, D.M., Pope, K.L., Smeenk, N.A., Stephen, B., and Uden, D.R., 2013, Enamel-based mark performance for marking Chinese mystery snail <i>Bellamya chinensis</i>: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 4, no. 3, p. 231-234, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2013.4.3.05.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-049226","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2013.4.3.05","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278920,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278917,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2013.4.3.05"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","city":"Crete","otherGeospatial":"Wild Plum Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.9127903519,40.6124109509 ], [ -96.9127903519,40.6178047163 ], [ -96.9008671746,40.6178047163 ], [ -96.9008671746,40.6124109509 ], [ -96.9127903519,40.6124109509 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527cc48de4b0850ea050ce57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wong, Alec","contributorId":79005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Alec","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, Noelle M.","contributorId":82208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Noelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haak, Danielle M.","contributorId":73078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haak","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smeenk, Nicholas A.","contributorId":48052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smeenk","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stephen, Bruce J.","contributorId":54862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephen","given":"Bruce J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Uden, Daniel R.","contributorId":74258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uden","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70057588,"text":"70057588 - 2013 - Croaking gourami, <i>Trichopsis vittata</i> (Cuvier, 1831), in Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-26T11:17:00","indexId":"70057588","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:07:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":994,"text":"BioInvasions Records","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Croaking gourami, <i>Trichopsis vittata</i> (Cuvier, 1831), in Florida, USA","docAbstract":"The croaking gourami, Trichopsis vittata, is documented from wetland habitats in southern Florida. This species was previously recorded from the same area over 15 years ago, but was considered extirpated. The rediscovery of a reproducing population of this species highlights the dearth of information available regarding the dozens of non-native fishes in Florida, as well as the need for additional research and monitoring.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"BioInvasions Records","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"REABIC","doi":"10.3391/bir.2013.2.3.12","usgsCitation":"Schofield, P., and Pecora, D.J., 2013, Croaking gourami, <i>Trichopsis vittata</i> (Cuvier, 1831), in Florida, USA: BioInvasions Records, v. 2, no. 3, p. 247-251, https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2013.2.3.12.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"247","endPage":"251","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-043702","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2013.2.3.12","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":279794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279793,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3391/bir.2013.2.3.12"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.444451,26.32878 ], [ -80.444451,26.704729 ], [ -80.018339,26.704729 ], [ -80.018339,26.32878 ], [ -80.444451,26.32878 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5295d0f3e4b0becc369c8b0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schofield, Pamela J. 0000-0002-8752-2797","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-2797","contributorId":30306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"Pamela J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pecora, Darren J.","contributorId":39683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pecora","given":"Darren","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70171010,"text":"70171010 - 2013 - Evaluation of near-critical overdamping effects in slug-test response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T10:00:25","indexId":"70171010","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of near-critical overdamping effects in slug-test response","docAbstract":"<p><span>A slug test behaves as a harmonic oscillator, subject to both inertial effects and viscous damping. When viscous and inertial forces are closely balanced, the system is nearly critically damped, and water-level recovery is affected by inertial effects, but does not exhibit oscillation. These effects were investigated by use of type curves, generated both by modification of Kipp's (1985) computer program and by use of the Butler-Zhan (2004) model. Utility of the type curves was verified by re-analysis of the Regina slug test previously analyzed by Kipp. These type curves indicate that near-critical inertial effects result in early-time delayed water-level response followed by merger with, or more rapid recovery than, response for the fully damped case. Because of this early time response, slug tests in the moderately over-damped range are best analyzed using log-log type curves of (1 &minus;</span><i>&nbsp;H</i><span>/</span><i>H</i><span>0</span><span>) vs.&nbsp;</span><i>Tt</i><span>/</span><img class=\"inlineGraphic\" src=\"http://api.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/asset/v1/doi/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6584.2012.01012.x/asset/equation%2Fgwat1012_mu1.gif?l=j6%2BNsqLlmq%2FmQfl1QGCE0TaRAkVTmoGxSAOc7sP4TM8tzsNQHl4l6HUmaFRwikEHj%2FVqSi8TVqIp%0AG7%2FBJIqfj6bnXKtCVPNm\" alt=\"inline image\" /><span>. Failure to recognize inertial effects in slug test data could result in an over-estimate of transmissivity, and a too-small estimate of storage coefficient or too-large estimate of well skin. However, application of the widely used but highly empirical Hvorslev (1951) method to analyze both the Regina slug test and type-curve generated data indicate that such analyses provide&nbsp;</span><i>T</i><span>&nbsp;values within a factor of 2 of the true value.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"State Water Control Board","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.01012.x","usgsCitation":"Weeks, E.P., and Clark, A.C., 2013, Evaluation of near-critical overdamping effects in slug-test response: Groundwater, v. 51, no. 5, p. 775-780, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.01012.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"775","endPage":"780","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034442","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d64fde4b07e28b6683dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weeks, Edwin P. epweeks@usgs.gov","contributorId":2576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"Edwin","email":"epweeks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Arthur C. aclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","email":"aclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70124577,"text":"70124577 - 2013 - Movements of wild ruddy shelducks in the Central Asian Flyway and their spatial relationship to outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:12:20","indexId":"70124577","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:57:23","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3700,"text":"Viruses","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements of wild ruddy shelducks in the Central Asian Flyway and their spatial relationship to outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1","docAbstract":"Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 remains a serious concern for both poultry and human health. Wild waterfowl are considered to be the reservoir for low pathogenic avian influenza viruses; however, relatively little is known about their movement ecology in regions where HPAI H5N1 outbreaks regularly occur. We studied movements of the ruddy shelduck (<i>Tadorna ferruginea</i>), a wild migratory waterfowl species that was infected in the 2005 Qinghai Lake outbreak. We defined their migration with Brownian Bridge utilization distribution models and their breeding and wintering grounds with fixed kernel home ranges. We correlated their movements with HPAI H5N1 outbreaks, poultry density, land cover, and latitude in the Central Asian Flyway. Our Akaike Information Criterion analysis indicated that outbreaks were correlated with land cover, latitude, and poultry density. Although shelduck movements were included in the top two models, they were not a top parameter selected in AICc stepwise regression results. However, timing of outbreaks suggested that outbreaks in the flyway began during the winter in poultry with spillover to wild birds during the spring migration. Thus, studies of the movement ecology of wild birds in areas with persistent HPAI H5N1 outbreaks may contribute to understanding their role in transmission of this disease.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Viruses","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"MDPI AG","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/v5092129","usgsCitation":"Takekawa, J.Y., Prosser, D.J., Collins, B.M., Douglas, D.C., Perry, W.M., Baoping, Y., Luo, Z., Hou, Y., Lei, F., Li, T., Li, Y., and Newman, S.H., 2013, Movements of wild ruddy shelducks in the Central Asian Flyway and their spatial relationship to outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1: Viruses, v. 5, no. 9, p. 2129-2152, https://doi.org/10.3390/v5092129.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"2129","endPage":"2152","numberOfPages":"24","ipdsId":"IP-050697","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/v5092129","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293815,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293791,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v5092129"}],"otherGeospatial":"Asia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 76.99,7.71 ], [ 76.99,52.11 ], [ 116.28,52.11 ], [ 116.28,7.71 ], [ 76.99,7.71 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b23e4b082fed288b935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, Bridget M.","contributorId":84900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Bridget","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perry, William M. 0000-0002-6180-8180 wmperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6180-8180","contributorId":5124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"William","email":"wmperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baoping, Yan","contributorId":86670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baoping","given":"Yan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luo, Ze","contributorId":41307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Ze","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hou, Yuansheng","contributorId":80400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hou","given":"Yuansheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lei, Fumin","contributorId":33841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lei","given":"Fumin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Li, Tianxian","contributorId":34651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Tianxian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Li, Yongdong","contributorId":25698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Yongdong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70046791,"text":"70046791 - 2013 - Effects of error covariance structure on estimation of model averaging weights and predictive performance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-04T13:30:51","indexId":"70046791","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of error covariance structure on estimation of model averaging weights and predictive performance","docAbstract":"When conducting model averaging for assessing groundwater conceptual model uncertainty, the averaging weights are often evaluated using model selection criteria such as AIC, AICc, BIC, and KIC (Akaike Information Criterion, Corrected Akaike Information Criterion, Bayesian Information Criterion, and Kashyap Information Criterion, respectively). However, this method often leads to an unrealistic situation in which the best model receives overwhelmingly large averaging weight (close to 100%), which cannot be justified by available data and knowledge. It was found in this study that this problem was caused by using the covariance matrix, C<sub>E</sub>, of measurement errors for estimating the negative log likelihood function common to all the model selection criteria. This problem can be resolved by using the covariance matrix, C<sub>ek</sub>, of total errors (including model errors and measurement errors) to account for the correlation between the total errors. An iterative two-stage method was developed in the context of maximum likelihood inverse modeling to iteratively infer the unknown C<sub>ek</sub> from the residuals during model calibration. The inferred C<sub>ek</sub> was then used in the evaluation of model selection criteria and model averaging weights. While this method was limited to serial data using time series techniques in this study, it can be extended to spatial data using geostatistical techniques. The method was first evaluated in a synthetic study and then applied to an experimental study, in which alternative surface complexation models were developed to simulate column experiments of uranium reactive transport. It was found that the total errors of the alternative models were temporally correlated due to the model errors. The iterative two-stage method using C<sub>ek</sub>resolved the problem that the best model receives 100% model averaging weight, and the resulting model averaging weights were supported by the calibration results and physical understanding of the alternative models. Using C<sub>ek</sub> obtained from the iterative two-stage method also improved predictive performance of the individual models and model averaging in both synthetic and experimental studies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resource Reseach","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20441","usgsCitation":"Lu, D., Ye, M., Meyer, P., Curtis, G.P., Shi, X., Niu, X., and Yabusaki, S.B., 2013, Effects of error covariance structure on estimation of model averaging weights and predictive performance: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 9, p. 6029-6047, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20441.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"6029","endPage":"6047","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-048964","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20441","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":278963,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278962,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20441"}],"volume":"49","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527e5869e4b02d2057dd95d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Dan","contributorId":58176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ye, Ming","contributorId":70276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ye","given":"Ming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, Philip D.","contributorId":6363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Philip D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curtis, Gary P. 0000-0003-3975-8882 gpcurtis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3975-8882","contributorId":2346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Gary","email":"gpcurtis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shi, Xiaoqing","contributorId":54102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"Xiaoqing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Niu, Xu-Feng","contributorId":68639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niu","given":"Xu-Feng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yabusaki, Steve B.","contributorId":26961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yabusaki","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70101027,"text":"70101027 - 2013 - Geographic variation in migration chronology and winter distribution of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T10:40:18","indexId":"70101027","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:22:56","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation in migration chronology and winter distribution of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese","docAbstract":"We evaluated spatial and temporal differences in migratory behavior among different breeding groups of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) using band-recovery data and observations of neck collared geese during migration and winter. Birds from different breeding areas were initially delineated by geographic distance into 6 banding reference areas (BRAs): 1) interior Alaska, 2) North Slope of Alaska, 3) western Northwest Territories (NWT), 4) western Nunavut, 5) central Nunavut, and 6) eastern Nunavut. The banding groups also differed by breeding habitat, with geese from interior Alaska nesting in the boreal forest (taiga), and all other groups breeding in tundra habitats. Geese from interior Alaska migrated earlier during autumn, and were more likely to winter farther south (in Mexico) than geese from other breeding areas. Geese banded in central and eastern Nunavut (Queen Maud Gulf and Inglis River) wintered farther east (in Louisiana) than geese from other breeding areas. Small-scale (within-state) geographic segregation of wintering flocks was evidenced by the recent (post-1990) nearly exclusive use of a new wintering area in north central Texas by geese from interior Alaska. Segregation among BRAs was also apparent in Mexico, where taiga geese were found predominantly in the central Highlands (states of Zacatecas and Durango), whereas tundra geese mostly used states along the Gulf Coast (primarily Tamaulipas). Interior Alaska birds initiated spring migration earlier than geese from other areas, and were more likely than others to stop in the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, a region where cholera outbreaks periodically kill thousands of geese. Geese from interior Alaska were the first to arrive at spring staging areas in prairie Canada where BRAs exhibited spatial delineation (a longitudinal cline) in relation to breeding areas. Our results show significant geographic and temporal variation among taiga and tundra breeding cohorts during autumn, winter, and spring. Temporal and spatial differences in migratory behavior may allow management practices that accommodate potential demographic differences between taiga and tundra populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.573","usgsCitation":"Ely, C.R., Nieman, D.J., Alisauskas, R., Schmutz, J.A., and Hines, J., 2013, Geographic variation in migration chronology and winter distribution of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 77, no. 6, p. 1182-1191, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.573.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1182","endPage":"1191","ipdsId":"IP-026808","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1229275","text":"External Repository"},{"id":285913,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.573"},{"id":285946,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada;Mexico;United States","volume":"77","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355943ce4b0120853e8bfa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nieman, Daniel J.","contributorId":22681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nieman","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alisauskas, Ray T.","contributorId":20883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alisauskas","given":"Ray T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70046862,"text":"70046862 - 2013 - Effect of organic matter properties, clay mineral type and thermal maturity on gas adsorption in organic-rich shale systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T10:23:20","indexId":"70046862","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:22:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effect of organic matter properties, clay mineral type and thermal maturity on gas adsorption in organic-rich shale systems","docAbstract":"<p>A series of CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption experiments on natural organic-rich shales, isolated kerogen, clay-rich rocks, and artificially matured Woodford Shale samples were conducted under dry conditions. Our results indicate that physisorption is a dominant process for CH<sub>4</sub> sorption, both on organic-rich shales and clay minerals. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of the investigated samples is linearly correlated with the CH<sub>4</sub> sorption capacity in both organic-rich shales and clay-rich rocks. The presence of organic matter is a primary control on gas adsorption in shale-gas systems, and the gas-sorption capacity is determined by total organic carbon (TOC) content, organic-matter type, and thermal maturity. A large number of nanopores, in the 2–50 nm size range, were created during organic-matter thermal decomposition, and they significantly contributed to the surface area. Consequently, methane-sorption capacity increases with increasing thermal maturity due to the presence of nanopores produced during organic-matter decomposition. Furthermore, CH<sub>4</sub> sorption on clay minerals is mainly controlled by the type of clay mineral present. In terms of relative CH<sub>4</sub> sorption capacity: montmorillonite ≫ illite – smectite mixed layer > kaolinite > chlorite > illite.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The effect of rock properties (organic matter content, type, maturity, and clay minerals) on CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption can be quantified with the heat of adsorption and the standard entropy, which are determined from adsorption isotherms at different temperatures. For clay-mineral rich rocks, the heat of adsorption (q) ranges from 9.4 to 16.6 kJ/mol. These values are considerably smaller than those for CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption on kerogen (21.9–28 kJ/mol) and organic-rich shales (15.1–18.4 kJ/mol). The standard entropy (Δs°) ranges from -64.8 to -79.5 J/mol/K for clay minerals, -68.1 to -111.3 J/mol/K for kerogen, and -76.0 to -84.6 J/mol/K for organic-rich shales. The affinity of CH<sub>4</sub> molecules for sorption on organic matter is stronger than for most common clay minerals. Thus, it is expected that CH<sub>4</sub> molecules may preferentially occupy surface sites on organic matter. However, active sites on clay mineral surfaces are easily blocked by water. As a consequence, organic-rich shales possess a larger CH<sub>4</sub>-sorption capacity than clay-rich rocks lacking organic matter. The thermodynamic parameters obtained in this study can be incorporated into model predictions of the maximum Langmuir pressure and CH<sub>4</sub>- sorption capacity of shales under reservoir temperature and pressure conditions.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, Denver, Colorado, 12-14 August 2013","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists, American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Society of Petroleum Engineers","doi":"10.1190/urtec2013-205","usgsCitation":"Zhang, T., Ellis, G.S., Ruppel, S.C., Milliken, K., Lewan, M., and Sun, X., 2013, Effect of organic matter properties, clay mineral type and thermal maturity on gas adsorption in organic-rich shale systems, <i>in</i> Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, Denver, Colorado, 12-14 August 2013, p. 1996-2001, https://doi.org/10.1190/urtec2013-205.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1996","endPage":"2001","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-046242","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287657,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/urtec2013-205"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53870564e4b0aa26cd7b5392","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Baez, Luis","contributorId":111487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baez","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509346,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beeney, Ken","contributorId":112969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeney","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509348,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sonnenberg, Steve","contributorId":112354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonnenberg","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509347,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Tongwei","contributorId":107595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Tongwei","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppel, Stephen C.","contributorId":20656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milliken, Kitty","contributorId":44078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milliken","given":"Kitty","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lewan, Mike","contributorId":73112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sun, Xun","contributorId":71104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Xun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70143959,"text":"70143959 - 2013 - Wetlands serve as natural sources for improvement of stream ecosystem health in regions affected by acid deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-24T09:15:39","indexId":"70143959","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetlands serve as natural sources for improvement of stream ecosystem health in regions affected by acid deposition","docAbstract":"<p>For over 40 years, acid deposition has been recognized as a serious international environmental problem, but efforts to restore acidified streams and biota have had limited success. The need to better understand the effects of different sources of acidity on streams has become more pressing with the recent increases in surface water organic acids, or 'brownification' associated with climate change and decreased inorganic acid deposition. Here, we carried out a large scale multi-seasonal investigation in the Adirondacks, one of the most acid-impacted regions in the United States, to assess how acid stream producers respond to local and watershed influences and whether these influences can be used in acidification remediation. We explored the pathways of wetland control on aluminum chemistry and diatom taxonomic and functional composition. We demonstrate that streams with larger watershed wetlands have higher organic content, lower concentrations of acidic anions, and lower ratios of inorganic to organic monomeric aluminum, all beneficial for diatom biodiversity and guilds producing high biomass. Although brownification has been viewed as a form of pollution, our results indicate that it may be a stimulating force for biofilm producers with potentially positive consequences for higher trophic levels. Our research also reveals that the mechanism of watershed control of local stream diatom biodiversity through wetland export of organic matter is universal in running waters, operating not only in hard streams, as previously reported, but also in acid streams. Our findings that the negative impacts of acid deposition on Adirondack stream chemistry and biota can be mitigated by wetlands have important implications for biodiversity conservation and stream ecosystem management. Future acidification research should focus on the potential for wetlands to improve stream ecosystem health in acid-impacted regions and their direct use in stream restoration, for example, through stream rechanneling or wetland construction in appropriate hydrologic settings.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12265","collaboration":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; USGS","usgsCitation":"Pound, K., Lawrence, G.B., and Passy, S.I., 2013, Wetlands serve as natural sources for improvement of stream ecosystem health in regions affected by acid deposition: Global Change Biology, v. 19, no. 9, p. 2720-2728, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12265.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2720","endPage":"2728","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062334","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298887,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55128abce4b02e76d75bd62d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pound, Katrina L","contributorId":139826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pound","given":"Katrina L","affiliations":[{"id":13288,"text":"Graduate student, Dept of Biology, Univ of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Passy, Sophia I.","contributorId":49067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passy","given":"Sophia","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70117449,"text":"70117449 - 2013 - Steady rotation of the Cascade arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-02T16:57:59.072912","indexId":"70117449","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:11:36","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Steady rotation of the Cascade arc","docAbstract":"Displacement of the Miocene Cascade volcanic arc (northwestern North America) from the active arc is in the same sense and at nearly the same rate as the present clockwise block motions calculated from GPS velocities in a North American reference frame. Migration of the ancestral arc over the past 16 m.y. can be explained by clockwise rotation of upper-plate blocks at 1.0°/m.y. over a linear melting source moving westward 1–4.5 km/m.y. due to slab rollback. Block motion and slab rollback are in opposite directions in the northern arc, but both are westerly in the southern extensional arc, where rollback may be enhanced by proximity to the edge of the Juan de Fuca slab. Similarities between post–16 Ma arc migration, paleomagnetic rotation, and modern GPS block motions indicate that the secular block motions from decadal GPS can be used to calculate long-term strain rates and earthquake hazards. Northwest-directed Basin and Range extension of 140 km is predicted behind the southern arc since 16 Ma, and 70 km of shortening is predicted in the northern arc. The GPS rotation poles overlie a high-velocity slab of the Siletzia terrane dangling into the mantle beneath Idaho (United States), which may provide an anchor for the rotations.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G34514.1","usgsCitation":"Wells, R., and McCaffrey, R., 2013, Steady rotation of the Cascade arc: Geology, v. 41, no. 9, p. 1027-1030, https://doi.org/10.1130/G34514.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1027","endPage":"1030","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-042857","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473570,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/g34514.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":290672,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Cascade arc","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -126.41,39.47 ], [ -126.41,51.01 ], [ -116.41,51.01 ], [ -116.41,39.47 ], [ -126.41,39.47 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f263e4b0bc0bec0a035f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":2692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray E.","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":496001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCaffrey, Robert","contributorId":51207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaffrey","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70121427,"text":"70121427 - 2013 - Review of the NURE assessment of the U.S. Gulf Coast Uranium Province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-22T10:16:19","indexId":"70121427","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:10:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Review of the NURE assessment of the U.S. Gulf Coast Uranium Province","docAbstract":"<p>Historic exploration and development were used to evaluate the reliability of domestic uranium reserves and potential resources estimated by the U.S. Department of Energy national uranium resource evaluation (NURE) program in the U.S. Gulf Coast Uranium Province. NURE estimated 87 million pounds of reserves in the $30/lb U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> cost category in the Coast Plain uranium resource region, most in the Gulf Coast Uranium Province. Since NURE, 40 million pounds of reserves have been mined, and 38 million pounds are estimated to remain in place as of 2012, accounting for all but 9 million pounds of U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> in the reserve or production categories in the NURE estimate. Considering the complexities and uncertainties of the analysis, this study indicates that the NURE reserve estimates for the province were accurate. An unconditional potential resource of 1.4 billion pounds of U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, 600 million pounds of U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> in the forward cost category of $30/lb U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> (1980 prices), was estimated in 106 favorable areas by the NURE program in the province. Removing potential resources from the non-productive Houston embayment, and those reserves estimated below historic and current mining depths reduces the unconditional potential resource 33% to about 930 million pounds of U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, and that in the $30/lb cost category 34% to 399 million pounds of U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>. Based on production records and reserve estimates tabulated for the region, most of the production since 1980 is likely from the reserves identified by NURE. The potential resource predicted by NURE has not been developed, likely due to a variety of factors related to the low uranium prices that have prevailed since 1980.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11053-013-9198-4","usgsCitation":"Hall, S.M., 2013, Review of the NURE assessment of the U.S. Gulf Coast Uranium Province: Natural Resources Research, v. 22, no. 3, p. 255-272, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-013-9198-4.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"272","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-039557","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-013-9198-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":292845,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292844,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11053-013-9198-4"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Coast Uranium Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.98,24.38 ], [ -100.98,41.19 ], [ -73.63,41.19 ], [ -73.63,24.38 ], [ -100.98,24.38 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f85986e4b03f038c5c18cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, Susan M. 0000-0002-0931-8694 susanhall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0931-8694","contributorId":2481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Susan","email":"susanhall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048814,"text":"70048814 - 2013 - Great Lakes rivermouth ecosystems: scientific synthesis and management implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-07T10:10:57","indexId":"70048814","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:07:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Great Lakes rivermouth ecosystems: scientific synthesis and management implications","docAbstract":"At the interface of the Great Lakes and their tributary rivers lies the rivermouths, a class of aquatic ecosystem where lake and lotic processes mix and distinct features emerge. Many rivermouths are the focal point of both human interaction with the Great Lakes and human impacts to the lakes; many cities, ports, and beaches are located in rivermouth ecosystems, and these human pressures often degrade key ecological functions that rivermouths provide. Despite their ecological uniqueness and apparent economic importance, there has been relatively little research on these ecosystems as a class relative to studies on upstream rivers or the open-lake waters. Here we present a synthesis of current knowledge about ecosystem structure and function in Great Lakes rivermouths based on studies in both Laurentian rivermouths, coastal wetlands, and marine estuarine systems. A conceptual model is presented that establishes a common semantic framework for discussing the characteristic spatial features of rivermouths. This model then is used to conceptually link ecosystem structure and function to ecological services provided by rivermouths. This synthesis helps identify the critical gaps in understanding rivermouth ecology. Specifically, additional information is needed on how rivermouths collectively influence the Great Lakes ecosystem, how human alterations influence rivermouth functions, and how ecosystem services provided by rivermouths can be managed to benefit the surrounding socioeconomic networks.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2013.06.002","usgsCitation":"Larson, J.H., Trebitz, A., Steinman, A.D., Wiley, M., Carlson Mazur, M., Pebbles, V., Braun, H.A., and Seelbach, P.W., 2013, Great Lakes rivermouth ecosystems: scientific synthesis and management implications: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 39, no. 3, p. 513-524, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2013.06.002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"513","endPage":"524","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-038997","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278903,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2013.06.002"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.11,41.4 ], [ -92.11,48.85 ], [ -76.3,48.85 ], [ -76.3,41.4 ], [ -92.11,41.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"527cc490e4b0850ea050ce7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trebitz, Anett S.","contributorId":24746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trebitz","given":"Anett S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steinman, Alan D.","contributorId":71868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinman","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiley, Michael J.","contributorId":30112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlson Mazur, Martha","contributorId":95786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson Mazur","given":"Martha","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pebbles, Victoria vpebbles@usgs.gov","contributorId":5633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pebbles","given":"Victoria","email":"vpebbles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":485691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Braun, Heather A.","contributorId":61325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Seelbach, Paul W. pseelbach@usgs.gov","contributorId":3937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelbach","given":"Paul","email":"pseelbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70048258,"text":"70048258 - 2013 - The importance of record length in estimating the magnitude of climatic changes: an example using 175 years of lake ice-out dates in New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-09T13:39:20","indexId":"70048258","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:02:29","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of record length in estimating the magnitude of climatic changes: an example using 175 years of lake ice-out dates in New England","docAbstract":"Many studies have shown that lake ice-out (break-up) dates in the Northern Hemisphere are useful indicators of late winter/early spring climate change. Trends in lake ice-out dates in New England, USA, were analyzed for 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, and 175 year periods ending in 2008. More than 100 years of ice-out data were available for 19 of the 28 lakes in this study. The magnitude of trends over time depends on the length of the period considered. For the recent 25-year period, there was a mix of earlier and later ice-out dates. Lake ice-outs during the last 50 years became earlier by 1.8 days/decade (median change for all lakes with adequate data). This is a much higher rate than for longer historical periods; ice-outs became earlier by 0.6 days/decade during the last 75 years, 0.4 days/ decade during the last 100 years, and 0.6 days/decade during the last 125 years. The significance of trends was assessed under the assumption of serial independence of historical ice-out dates and under the assumption of short and long term persistence. Hypolimnion dissolved oxygen (DO) levels are an important factor in lake eutrophication and coldwater fish survival. Based on historical data available at three lakes, 32 to 46 % of the interannual variability of late summer hypolimnion DO levels was related to ice-out dates; earlier ice-outs were associated with lower DO levels.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-013-0766-8","usgsCitation":"Hodgkins, G.A., 2013, The importance of record length in estimating the magnitude of climatic changes: an example using 175 years of lake ice-out dates in New England: Climatic Change, v. 119, p. 705-718, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0766-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"718","ipdsId":"IP-015081","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":277957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277956,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0766-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine;Massachusetts;New Hampshire;Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.28955078125,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.5771484375,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.5771484375,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.28955078125,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.28955078125,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"119","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"523d6e69e4b097188d6c7713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70058660,"text":"70058660 - 2013 - Infectious diseases of fishes in the Salish Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-12T10:04:11","indexId":"70058660","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infectious diseases of fishes in the Salish Sea","docAbstract":"As in marine regions throughout other areas of the world, fishes in the Salish Sea serve as hosts for many pathogens, including nematodes, trematodes, protozoans, protists, bacteria, viruses, and crustaceans. Here, we review some of the better-documented infectious diseases that likely contribute to significant losses among free-ranging fishes in the Salish Sea and discuss the environmental and ecological factors that may affect the population-level impacts of disease. Demonstration of these diseases and their impacts to critical and endangered resources provides justification to expand pathogen surveillance efforts and to incorporate disease forecasting and mitigation tools into ecosystem restoration efforts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2013.826202","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., Rhodes, L., Kurath, G., and Winton, J., 2013, Infectious diseases of fishes in the Salish Sea: Fisheries, v. 38, no. 9, p. 402-409, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2013.826202.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"402","endPage":"409","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-041583","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280248,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2013.826202"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Salish Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125.4251,47.0346 ], [ -125.4251,50.2501 ], [ -122.2023,50.2501 ], [ -122.2023,47.0346 ], [ -125.4251,47.0346 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd626ee4b0b290850fe2d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, Paul","contributorId":92557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rhodes, Linda","contributorId":30128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhodes","given":"Linda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winton, James","contributorId":53897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048054,"text":"70048054 - 2013 - Melts of garnet lherzolite: experiments, models and comparison to melts of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-10T10:00:24","indexId":"70048054","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Melts of garnet lherzolite: experiments, models and comparison to melts of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite","docAbstract":"Phase equilibrium experiments on a compositionally modified olivine leucitite from the Tibetan plateau have been carried out from 2.2 to 2.8 GPa and 1,380–1,480 °C. The experiments-produced liquids multiply saturated with spinel and garnet lherzolite phase assemblages (olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and spinel ± garnet) under nominally anhydrous conditions. These SiO<sub>2</sub>-undersaturated liquids and published experimental data are utilized to develop a predictive model for garnet lherzolite melting of compositionally variable mantle under anhydrous conditions over the pressure range of 1.9–6 GPa. The model estimates the major element compositions of garnet-saturated melts for a range of mantle lherzolite compositions and predicts the conditions of the spinel to garnet lherzolite phase transition for natural peridotite compositions at above-solidus temperatures and pressures. We compare our predicted garnet lherzolite melts to those of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite and develop criteria for distinguishing among melts of these different source types. We also use the model in conjunction with a published predictive model for plagioclase and spinel lherzolite to characterize the differences in major element composition for melts in the plagioclase, spinel and garnet facies and develop tests to distinguish between melts of these three lherzolite facies based on major elements. The model is applied to understand the source materials and conditions of melting for high-K lavas erupted in the Tibetan plateau, basanite–nephelinite lavas erupted early in the evolution of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, as well as younger tholeiitic to alkali lavas from Kilauea.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00410-013-0899-9","usgsCitation":"Grove, T., Holbig, E.S., Barr, J.A., Till, C.B., and Krawczynski, M., 2013, Melts of garnet lherzolite: experiments, models and comparison to melts of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 166, no. 3, p. 887-910, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-013-0899-9.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"887","endPage":"910","numberOfPages":"24","ipdsId":"IP-046062","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103411","text":"External Repository"},{"id":277442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277412,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-013-0899-9"}],"volume":"166","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52303f64e4b04b8e63a2064b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grove, Timothy L.","contributorId":68546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Timothy L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holbig, Eva S.","contributorId":62511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbig","given":"Eva","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barr, Jay A.","contributorId":95371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Till, Christy B. cbtill@usgs.gov","contributorId":4394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"Christy","email":"cbtill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":483670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krawczynski, Michael J.","contributorId":75425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krawczynski","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70094676,"text":"70094676 - 2013 - Integrated geophysical imaging of a concealed mineral deposit: a case study of the world-class Pebble porphyry deposit in southwestern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-24T09:53:49","indexId":"70094676","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:48:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated geophysical imaging of a concealed mineral deposit: a case study of the world-class Pebble porphyry deposit in southwestern Alaska","docAbstract":"We combined aeromagnetic, induced polarization, magnetotelluric, and gravity surveys as well as drillhole geologic, alteration, magnetic susceptibility, and density data for exploration and characterization of the Cu-Au-Mo Pebble porphyry deposit. This undeveloped deposit is almost completely concealed by postmineralization sedimentary and volcanic rocks, presenting an exploration challenge. Individual geophysical methods primarily assist regional characterization. Positive chargeability and conductivity anomalies are observed over a broad region surrounding the deposit, likely representing sulfide minerals that accumulated during multiple stages of hydrothermal alteration. The mineralized area occupies only a small part of the chargeability anomaly because sulfide precipitation was not unique to the deposit, and mafic rocks also exhibit strong chargeability. Conductivity anomalies similarly reflect widespread sulfides as well as water-saturated glacial sediments. Mineralogical and magnetic susceptibility data indicate magnetite destruction primarily within the Cu-Au-Mo mineralized area. The magnetic field does not show a corresponding anomaly low but the analytic signal does in areas where the deposit is not covered by postmineralization igneous rocks. The analytic signal shows similar lows over sedimentary rocks outside of the mineralized area, however, and cannot uniquely distinguish the deposit. We find that the intersection of positive chargeability anomalies with analytic signal lows, indicating elevated sulfide concentrations but low magnetite at shallow depths, roughly delineates the deposit where it is covered only by glacial sediments. Neither chargeability highs nor analytic signal lows are present where the deposit is covered by several hundred meters of sedimentary and volcanic rocks, but a 3D resistivity model derived from magnetotelluric data shows a corresponding zone of higher conductivity. Gravity data highlight geologic features within the deposit, including shallow diorite sills that locally contain higher-grade mineralization. The results thus show ways in which an integrated survey approach might be used to distinguish zones of potentially economic mineralization.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/geo2013-0046.1","usgsCitation":"Shah, A.K., Bedrosian, P.A., Anderson, E.D., Kelley, K., and Lang, J., 2013, Integrated geophysical imaging of a concealed mineral deposit: a case study of the world-class Pebble porphyry deposit in southwestern Alaska: Geophysics, v. 78, no. 5, p. 317-328, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0046.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"328","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-043864","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282665,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282664,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0046.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kahiltna Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -158.0,59.0 ], [ -158.0,61.0 ], [ -154.0,61.0 ], [ -154.0,59.0 ], [ -158.0,59.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"78","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd62b0e4b0b290850fe596","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Eric D. 0000-0002-0138-6166 ericanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-6166","contributorId":1733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Eric","email":"ericanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":57817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lang, James","contributorId":15931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70112447,"text":"70112447 - 2013 - The genetic basis of speciation in the Giliopsis lineage of Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-16T09:54:13","indexId":"70112447","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:47:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1890,"text":"Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The genetic basis of speciation in the Giliopsis lineage of Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae)","docAbstract":"One of the most powerful drivers of speciation in plants is pollinator-mediated disruptive selection, which leads to the divergence of floral traits adapted to the morphology and behavior of different pollinators. Despite the widespread importance of this speciation mechanism, its genetic basis has been explored in only a few groups. Here, we characterize the genetic basis of pollinator-mediated divergence of two species in genus <i>Ipomopsis</i>, <i>I. guttata</i> and <i>I. tenuifolia</i>, using quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses of floral traits and other variable phenotypes. We detected one to six QTLs per trait, with each QTL generally explaining small to modest amounts of the phenotypic variance of a backcross hybrid population. In contrast, flowering time and anthocyanin abundance (a metric of color variation) were controlled by a few QTLs of relatively large effect. QTLs were strongly clustered within linkage groups, with 26 of 37 QTLs localized to six marker-interval ‘hotspots,’ all of which harbored pleiotropic QTLs. In contrast to other studies that have examined the genetic basis of pollinator shifts, our results indicate that, in general, mutations of small to modest effect on phenotype were involved. Thus, the evolutionary transition between the distinct pollination modes of <i>I. guttata</i> and <i>I. tenuifolia</i> likely proceeded incrementally, rather than saltationally.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Heredity","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/hdy.2013.41","usgsCitation":"Nakazato, T., Rieseberg, L.H., and Wood, T.E., 2013, The genetic basis of speciation in the Giliopsis lineage of Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae): Heredity, v. 111, p. 227-237, https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2013.41.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"237","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-041128","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2013.41","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288598,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2013.41"}],"volume":"111","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7869e4b0abf75cf2d447","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakazato, Takuya","contributorId":40519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakazato","given":"Takuya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rieseberg, Loren H.","contributorId":26227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieseberg","given":"Loren","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Troy E. 0000-0002-1533-5714 twood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-5714","contributorId":4023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Troy","email":"twood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70046844,"text":"70046844 - 2013 - Geochemical changes and fracture development in Woodford Shale cores following hydrous pyrolysis under uniaxial confinement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T10:24:28","indexId":"70046844","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:47:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemical changes and fracture development in Woodford Shale cores following hydrous pyrolysis under uniaxial confinement","docAbstract":"<p>A uniaxial confinement clamp was used on Woodford Shale cores in hydrous pyrolysis experiments to study fracture development during thermal maturation. The clamp simulates overburden in that it prevents cores from expanding perpendicular to bedding fabric during the volume-increasing reactions associated with petroleum generation. Cores were cut from a slab of immature Woodford Shale and subjected to hydrous pyrolysis under confinement at 300, 330, and 365 °C for 72 hours to induce thermal maturities ranging from early bitumen to maximum expelled-oil generation. Two additional cores were used as experimental controls: (1) a confined core was saturated with water by heating it to 100 °C under hydrous pyrolysis conditions for 72 hours to use for characterization of the original rock, and (2) an unconfined core was heated at 365 °C for 72 hours to evaluate the effects of confinement on petroleum generation and expulsion. X-ray computed tomography (X-CT) imaging and other analyses identified five distinct beds within the cored interval. Using a tentative classification system, beds 1, 2, and 3 are described as dolomitic marlstone (DM) with total organic carbon (TOC) contents of 7.7, 5.8, and 7.7 wt. %, respectively; bed 4 is a cherty quartzose claystone (CQC) with TOC content of 5.5 wt. %; and bed 5 is a quartzose claystone with TOC content of 10.9 wt. %. Bed samples all had similar Rock-Eval hydrogen indices (600 ± 46 mg S2/g-TOC) and Tmax values (433 ± 2 °C), demonstrating organic matter uniformity and low thermal maturity.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The X-CT scan of the core heated to 100 °C showed preexisting fractures that were nearly perpendicular to the bedding fabric primarily in the low-TOC DM bed 2 and CQC bed 4. Heating led to enhancement of preexisting fractures in the confined cores with the greatest enhancement occurring in CQC bed 4. The fractures increased in size and intensity with temperature. This is attributed to the internal pressure generated by volume-increasing reactions during the conversion of kerogen to bitumen and bitumen to oil and gas. The unconfined core heated to 365 °C showed no enhanced fracturing and its X-CT-scan resembled that of the 100 °C confined core. Comparison of the oil and gas yields from the confined and unconfined cores heated to 365 °C showed no significant differences, indicating that product expulsion is not inhibited by the procedure used in this study. These results also indicate that fracturing during thermal maturation is driven primarily by the enhancement of existing fractures.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, Denver, Colorado, 12-14 August 2013","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists, American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Society of Petroleum Engineers","doi":"10.1190/urtec2013-208","usgsCitation":"Birdwell, J.E., Lewan, M., and Miller, M., 2013, Geochemical changes and fracture development in Woodford Shale cores following hydrous pyrolysis under uniaxial confinement, <i>in</i> Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, Denver, Colorado, 12-14 August 2013, p. 2012-2019, https://doi.org/10.1190/urtec2013-208.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2012","endPage":"2019","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-046082","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287649,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/urtec2013-208"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53870569e4b0aa26cd7b53a8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Baez, Luis","contributorId":111487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baez","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509343,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beeney, Ken","contributorId":112969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeney","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509345,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sonnenberg, Steve","contributorId":112354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonnenberg","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509344,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewan, Michael D. mlewan@usgs.gov","contributorId":940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"Michael D.","email":"mlewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Michael","contributorId":103182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70102889,"text":"70102889 - 2013 - The effect of coal bed dewatering and partial oxidation on biogenic methane potential","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-25T10:08:27","indexId":"70102889","displayToPublicDate":"2013-09-01T09:46:29","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of coal bed dewatering and partial oxidation on biogenic methane potential","docAbstract":"Coal formation dewatering at a site in the Powder River Basin was associated with enhanced potential for secondary biogenic methane determined by using a bioassay. We hypothesized that dewatering can stimulate microbial activity and increase the bioavailability of coal. We analyzed one dewatered and two water-saturated coals to examine possible ways in which dewatering influences coal bed natural gas biogenesis by looking at differences with respect to the native coal microbial community, coal-methane organic intermediates, and residual coal oxidation potential. Microbial biomass did not increase in response to dewatering. Small Subunit rRNA sequences retrieved from all coals sampled represented members from genera known to be aerobic, anaerobic and facultatively anaerobic. A Bray Curtis similarity analysis indicated that the microbial communities in water-saturated coals were more similar to each other than to the dewatered coal, suggesting an effect of dewatering. There was a higher incidence of long chain and volatile fatty acid intermediates in incubations of the dewatered coal compared to the water-saturated coals, and this could either be due to differences in microbial enzymatic activities or to chemical oxidation of the coal associated with O<sub>2</sub> exposure. Dilute H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatment of two fractions of structural coal (kerogen and bitumen + kerogen) was used as a proxy for chemical oxidation by O<sub>2</sub>. The dewatered coal had a low residual oxidation potential compared to the water-saturated coals. Oxidation with 5% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> did increase the bioavailability of structural coal, and the increase in residual oxidation potential in the water saturated coals was approximately equivalent to the higher methanogenic potential measured in the dewatered coal. Evidence from this study supports the idea that coal bed dewatering could stimulate biogenic methanogenesis through partial oxidation of the structural organics in coal once anaerobic conditions are restored.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2013.03.011","usgsCitation":"Jones, E., Harris, S.H., Barnhart, E.P., Orem, W.H., Clark, A.C., Corum, M., Kirshtein, J.D., Varonka, M.S., and Voytek, M.A., 2013, The effect of coal bed dewatering and partial oxidation on biogenic methane potential: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 115, p. 54-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.03.011.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-044837","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286616,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286608,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.03.011"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.92,42.46 ], [ -108.92,46.92 ], [ -104.0,46.92 ], [ -104.0,42.46 ], [ -108.92,42.46 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"115","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535b68f7e4b0519b31c21f8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Elizabeth","contributorId":102998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Steve H. Jr.","contributorId":54889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Steve","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnhart, Elliott P. 0000-0002-8788-8393 epbarnhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-8393","contributorId":5385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Elliott","email":"epbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, Arthur C. aclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","email":"aclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":493070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Corum, M.D. 0000-0002-9038-3935 mcorum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9038-3935","contributorId":2249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corum","given":"M.D.","email":"mcorum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kirshtein, Julie D.","contributorId":26033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirshtein","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Varonka, Matthew S. 0000-0003-3620-5262 mvaronka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-5262","contributorId":4726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varonka","given":"Matthew","email":"mvaronka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
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