{"pageNumber":"1478","pageRowStart":"36925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40837,"records":[{"id":80318,"text":"fwsobs82_10_97 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Lesser snow goose (wintering)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:52:07.014459","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_97","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.97","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Lesser snow goose (wintering)","docAbstract":"<p>The lesser snow goose may have the largest population of any goose in the world (Cooch 1958; Kerbes 1975; Ogilvie 1978). Its arctic breeding range has greatly expanded since the mid-1950's (Bellrose 1976). In the United States, it normally ranks behind only the Canada goose (Branta canadensis) in population size (Bellrose 1976; Owen 1980) and in harvest (Carney et al. 1981, 1982). Because up to 70% of the geese harvested annually by hunters in Texas and Louisiana are lesser snow geese (Carney et al , 1981), its importance as a waterfowl species of the Gulf of Mexico coast cannot be overemphasized. Surveys taken in the Central and Mississippi Flyways from 1955 to 1975 have shown an upward trend in the number of wintering snow geese (Bellrose 1976). On the wintering grounds snow geese tend to remain in large, very conspicuous flocks that please both hunters and non-consumptive viewers of wildlife.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Leslie, J.C., and Zwank, P.J., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Lesser snow goose (wintering): FWS/OBS 82/10.97, vi, 16 p.","productDescription":"vi, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64980a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leslie, John C.","contributorId":100086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zwank, Phillip J.","contributorId":11287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zwank","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80316,"text":"fwsobs82_10_112 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Gizzard shad","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:52:44.326365","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_112","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.112","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Gizzard shad","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves for the gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Williamson, K.L., and Nelson, P.C., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Gizzard shad: FWS/OBS 82/10.112, vi, 33 p.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649ee5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, Kathryn L.","contributorId":50597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Patrick C.","contributorId":68799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80323,"text":"fwsobs82_10_94 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Laughing gull","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:50:23.80344","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_94","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.94","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Laughing gull","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a habitat model for laughing gull (Larus atricilla). The model is scaled to produce an index of habitat suitability between 0 (unsuitable habitat) and 1.0 (optimally suitable habitat) for areas along the Gulf of Mexico coast. Habitat suitability indices are designed for use with the Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Guidelines for application of the model and techniques for measuring model variables are described.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Zale, A.V., and Mulholland, R., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Laughing gull: FWS/OBS 82/10.94, vi, 23 p.","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64987f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zale, Alexander V. 0000-0003-1703-885X zale@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1703-885X","contributorId":3010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zale","given":"Alexander","email":"zale@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulholland, Rosemarie","contributorId":8535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulholland","given":"Rosemarie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80315,"text":"fwsobs82_10_92 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Southern and gulf flounders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:53:20.369238","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_92","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.92","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Southern and gulf flounders","docAbstract":"<p>Both the southern and gulf flounders (paralichthrS lethostigma, f. albi~utta) are important commercial and recreationa species. Catch statlstics for flounder do not differentiate between species; however, southern flounders are more common than gulf flounders except on the gulf coast of Florida (Topp and Hoff 1972). The commercial fishery consists of incidental catches by shrimp trawlers. A total of 853,162 kg (1,880,900 lb) of unclassified flounder worth $572,142 was caught from the Gulf of Mexico in 1976 (U.S. Dep. Commerce 1980). The sport fishery consists of both hook-and-line fishing and gigging.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Enge, K.M., and Mulholland, R., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Southern and gulf flounders: FWS/OBS 82/10.92, vi, 25 p.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649737","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enge, Kevin M.","contributorId":11707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enge","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulholland, Rosemarie","contributorId":8535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulholland","given":"Rosemarie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80320,"text":"fwsobs82_10_99 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Great blue heron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:51:31.324629","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_99","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.99","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Great blue heron","docAbstract":"<p>The great blue heron is the largest, most widely distributed, and best known of the American herons (Henny 1972). Great blue herons occur in a variety of habitats from freshwater lakes and rivers to brackish marshes, lagoons, mangrove areas, and coastal wetlands (Spendelow and Patton in prep.).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Short, H.L., and Cooper, R.J., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Great blue heron: FWS/OBS 82/10.99, vi, 23 p.","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649c7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Short, Henry L.","contributorId":58695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, Robert J.","contributorId":99245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":292246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80321,"text":"fwsobs82_10_102 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Greater prairie-chicken (multiple levels of resolution)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:50:59.157358","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_102","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.102","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Greater prairie-chicken (multiple levels of resolution)","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the greater prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Prose, B.L., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Greater prairie-chicken (multiple levels of resolution): FWS/OBS 82/10.102, viii, 33 p.","productDescription":"viii, 33 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64985a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prose, Bart L.","contributorId":29521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prose","given":"Bart","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80314,"text":"fwsobs82_10_100 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Gadwall (breeding)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:53:45.257309","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_100","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.100","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Gadwall (breeding)","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the gadwall (Anas strepera). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Sousa, P.J., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Gadwall (breeding): FWS/OBS 82/10.100, viii, 35 p.","productDescription":"viii, 35 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sousa, Patrick J.","contributorId":19206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sousa","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":77060,"text":"fwsobs82_10_86 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Ruffed grouse","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:54:41.625741","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_86","displayToPublicDate":"2006-07-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.86","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Ruffed grouse","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Cade, B.S., and Sousa, P.J., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Ruffed grouse: FWS/OBS 82/10.86, vi, 31 p.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64976a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sousa, Patrick J.","contributorId":19206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sousa","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013229,"text":"70013229 - 1985 - A kinematic model for the structure of lee-side (dune-like) deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-25T15:24:31.713128","indexId":"70013229","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A kinematic model for the structure of lee-side (dune-like) deposits","docAbstract":"<p><span>A kinematic model for the structure of the lee-side deposit of a dune-like bedform, Gilbert-type delta, or similar step is developed, based on the assumptions that initial deposition is entirely by grainfall, that the rate of deposition decreases as a power function of distance downflow from the brink of the slipface, and that the resulting steepening of the slipface is periodically interrupted by avalanching. The parameters used in the model are: (1) the deposition rate at a given distance from the brink, (2) the exponent in the equation relating the deposition rate to distance from the brink, (3) the bedform migration rate, (4) the bedform height, (5) the avalanche speed, (6) the angle of initial yield, and (7) the residual angle after avalanching. From these parameters can be calculated structural characteristics such as the proportions of bottomset and foreset deposits, the proportions of avalanche and grainfall deposits in the foreset deposit, and the spacing of avalanche-grainfall couplets.</span></p><p><span>The model correctly predicts the trends of changing avalanche activity and changing structural character with changes in flow character, grain size, and bedform height in both air and water. Moreover, the model correctly predicts certain consistent structural differences between aeolian and subaqueous lee-side deposits. Quantitative evaluation of the model requires more accurate data on the values of the input parameters than are presently available.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-3091.1985.tb00520.x","issn":"00370746","usgsCitation":"Hunter, R., 1985, A kinematic model for the structure of lee-side (dune-like) deposits: Sedimentology, v. 32, no. 3, p. 409-422, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1985.tb00520.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"409","endPage":"422","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220186,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e42ce4b0c8380cd4647a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, Ralph E.","contributorId":53759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Ralph E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013110,"text":"70013110 - 1985 - Accretion tectonics and crustal structure in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-25T16:55:09.329596","indexId":"70013110","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accretion tectonics and crustal structure in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The entire width of the North American Cordillera in Alaska is made up of \"suspect terranes\". Pre-Late Cretaceous paleogeography is poorly constrained and the ultimate origins of the many fragments which make up the state are unclear. The Prince William and Chugach terranes accreted since Late Cretaceous time and represent the collapse of much of the northeast Pacific Ocean swept into what today is southern Alaska. Greater Wrangellia, a composite terrane now dispersed into fragments scattered from Idaho to southern Alaska, apparently accreted into Alaska in Late Cretaceous time crushing an enormous deep-marine flysch basin on its inboard side. Most of interior eastern Alaska is the Yukon Tanana terrane, a very large entirely fault-bounded metamorphic-plutonic assemblage covering thousands of square kilometers in Canada as well as Alaska. The original stratigraphy and relationship to North America of the Yukon-Tanana terrane are both obscure. A collapsed Mesozoic flysch basin, similar to the one inboard of Wrangellia, lies along the northern margin. Much of Arctic Alaska was apparently a vast expanse of upper Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic deep marine sediments and mafic volcanic and plutonic rocks now scattered widely as large telescoped sheets and Klippen thrust over the Ruby geanticline and the Brooks Range, and probably underlying the Yukon-Koyukuk basin and the Yukon flats. The Brooks Range itself is a stack of north vergent nappes, the telescoping of which began in Early Cretaceous time. Despite compelling evidence for thousands of kilometers of relative displacement between the accreted terranes, and large amounts of telescoping, translation, and rotation since accretion, the resulting new continental crust added to North America in Alaska carries few obvious signatures that allow application of currently popular simple plate tectonic models. Intraplate telescoping and strike-slip translations, delamination at mid-crustal levels, and large-scale lithospheric wedging were important processes in northern Cordilleran tectonic evolution.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(85)90042-3","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Coney, P., and Jones, D.L., 1985, Accretion tectonics and crustal structure in Alaska: Tectonophysics, v. 119, no. 1-4, p. 265-283, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(85)90042-3.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"283","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220013,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70013127,"text":"70013127 - 1985 - Characterization of the Sukinda and Nausahi ultramafic complexes, Orissa, India by platinum-group element geochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-25T16:58:31.816901","indexId":"70013127","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of the Sukinda and Nausahi ultramafic complexes, Orissa, India by platinum-group element geochemistry","docAbstract":"<p>Samples of 20 chromitite, 14 ultramafic and mafic rock, and 9 laterite and soil samples from the Precambrian Sukinda and Nausahi ultramafic complexes, Orissa, India were analyzed for platinum-group elements (PGE). The maximum concentrations are: palladium, 13 parts per billion (ppb); platinum, 120 ppb; rhodium, 21 ppb; iridium, 210 ppb; and ruthenium, 630 ppb. Comparison of chondrite-normalized ratios of PGE for the chromitite samples of lower Proterozoic to Archean age with similar data from Paleozoic and Mesozoic ophiolite complexes strongly implies that these complexes represent Precambrian analogs of ophiolite complexes. This finding is consistent with the geology and petrology of the Indian complexes and suggests that plate-tectonic and ocean basin development models probably apply to some parts of Precambrian shield areas.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0301-9268(85)90027-0","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Page, N., Banerji, P., and Haffty, J., 1985, Characterization of the Sukinda and Nausahi ultramafic complexes, Orissa, India by platinum-group element geochemistry: Precambrian Research, v. 30, no. 1, p. 27-41, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(85)90027-0.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"41","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220233,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              83.52754471413857,\n              22.12305548682913\n            ],\n            [\n              81.88931083991898,\n              20.065262564651256\n            ],\n            [\n              82.04059123664341,\n              19.146371161547737\n            ],\n            [\n              81.35498498465319,\n              17.823472864242348\n            ],\n            [\n              82.29678603831883,\n              18.004706731791362\n            ],\n            [\n              82.4902462185375,\n              18.524173889034508\n            ],\n            [\n              82.61281826200792,\n              18.23293546222423\n            ],\n            [\n              83.00351427671131,\n              18.38283014120728\n            ],\n            [\n              83.71458385612851,\n              19.106658742601425\n            ],\n            [\n              84.04408690062948,\n              18.660713858178198\n            ],\n            [\n              86.23681585387365,\n              19.73653495833262\n            ],\n            [\n              87.60141852458251,\n              21.415317765666003\n            ],\n            [\n              87.1160716955178,\n              22.12305548682913\n            ],\n            [\n              83.52754471413857,\n              22.12305548682913\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4e3e4b0c8380cd4bfa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, N.J.","contributorId":38125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"N.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banerji, P.K.","contributorId":105042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banerji","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haffty, J.","contributorId":93187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haffty","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70012677,"text":"70012677 - 1985 - Evaluating the hydraulic effects of changes in aquifer elevation using curvilinear coordinates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-15T16:43:24.796604","indexId":"70012677","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the hydraulic effects of changes in aquifer elevation using curvilinear coordinates","docAbstract":"<p>The groundwater flow equation is written in curvilinear coordinates whose coordinate surfaces coincide with the top and bottom surfaces of folded layers of aquifers. The coordinates are general enough for these surfaces to coincide for almost all groundwater systems. The terms of the finite-difference approximation for the flow equation can be separated into two groups. One group corresponds to a similar system of horizontal aquifers and the other group corresponds to the folding. The latter group is zero if the vertical gradients of hydraulic head and hydraulic conductivity are zero. Furthermore, it is noted that vertical gradients in head must be modelled for the effects of folding to result. When these vertical gradients and dips are not too large, the effects of folding can be calculated using a perturbation method wherein the flow in folded aquifers is considered to be a perturbation of the flow in similar horizontal aquifers. With the method presented, three-dimensional finite-difference models can be modified to simulate folded aquifer systems. Perturbation solutions are obtained for a class of folded three-aquifer systems. For these systems, with vertical head gradients as great as 0.23, with aquifer hydraulic conductivities differing by two orders of magnitude, and with dips as great as 30??, only small hydraulic changes due to folding were simulated.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(85)90034-4","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Weiss, E., 1985, Evaluating the hydraulic effects of changes in aquifer elevation using curvilinear coordinates: Journal of Hydrology, v. 81, no. 3-4, p. 253-275, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(85)90034-4.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"275","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222370,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bfae4b0c8380cd52995","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, E.","contributorId":31117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013281,"text":"70013281 - 1985 - Hydraulic gradient control for groundwater contaminant removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-15T16:14:33.539197","indexId":"70013281","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydraulic gradient control for groundwater contaminant removal","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Rocky Mountain Arsenal near Denver, Colorado, U.S.A., is used as a realistic setting for a hypothetical test of a procedure that plans the hydraulic stabilization and removal of a groundwater contaminant plume. A two-stage planning procedure successfully selects the best wells and their optimal pumping/recharge schedules to contain the plume while a well or system of wells within the plume removes the contaminated water. In stage I, a combined groundwater flow and solute transport model is used to simulate contaminant removal under an assumed velocity field. The result is the approximated plume boundary location as a function of time. In stage II, a linear program, which includes a groundwater flow model as part of the set of constraints, determines the optimal well selection and their optimal pumping/recharge schedules by minimizing total pumping and recharge. The simulation—management model eliminates wells far from the plume perimeter and activates wells near the perimeter as the plume decreases in size. This successfully stablizes the hydraulic gradient during aquifer cleanup.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(85)90091-5","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Fisher, A.D., and Gorelick, S., 1985, Hydraulic gradient control for groundwater contaminant removal: Journal of Hydrology, v. 76, no. 1-2, p. 85-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(85)90091-5.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"106","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220025,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Denver","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain Arsenal","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.90901282368573,\n              39.87016129063471\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.90901282368573,\n              39.7977960358524\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.78973447071296,\n              39.7977960358524\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.78973447071296,\n              39.87016129063471\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.90901282368573,\n              39.87016129063471\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a32efe4b0c8380cd5ebb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, Atwood D.","contributorId":27605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Atwood","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorelick, S.M.","contributorId":21589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009947,"text":"70009947 - 1985 - Analysis and modeling of Palmer's drought index series-Comment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-15T16:22:56.235975","indexId":"70009947","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis and modeling of Palmer's drought index series-Comment","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(85)90080-0","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Alley, W., 1985, Analysis and modeling of Palmer's drought index series-Comment: Journal of Hydrology, v. 80, no. 1-2, p. 179-185, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(85)90080-0.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"185","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eaf7e4b0c8380cd48b20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alley, W.M.","contributorId":6853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012687,"text":"70012687 - 1985 - Quaternary sedimentation of the Alaskan Beaufort shelf: Influence of regional tectonics, fluctuating sea levels, and glacial sediment sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-26T16:42:35.227148","indexId":"70012687","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary sedimentation of the Alaskan Beaufort shelf: Influence of regional tectonics, fluctuating sea levels, and glacial sediment sources","docAbstract":"<p>The offshore stratigraphy of the Quaternary Gubik Formation of Arctic Alaska has been studied on high-resolution seismic profiles with a maximum sub-seafloor penetration of about 100 m. In general, marine transgressive subunits of the Gubik Formation are wedge-shaped on the shelf, thickening slightly seaward to the shelf break, beyond which they are offset by landslides and slumps. Beneath the eastern third of the Alaskan Beaufort shelf, active folding has created two persistent structural depressions, the Eastern and Western Wedge Terranes, in which the wedge morphology is especially well developed. The youngest transgressive marine wedge, which was deposited in such a way as to fill these depressions, leaving a generally flat present-day shelf surface, is inferred to be late Wisconsin or younger in age because it overlies a prominent disconformity interpreted to have been formed during the late Wisconsin glacial sea-level minimum. The thickness of this youngest wedge, Unit A, locally exceeds 40 m on the outer shelf, yet apparently relict gravel deposits collected from its seabed surface indicate that the depositional rate is presently quite low on the middle and outer shelf. Lithologies of the gravels are exotic to Alaska, but similar to suites exposed in the Canadian Arctic Islands. These observations suggest a depositional scenario in which the retreating Laurentide Ice Sheet shed sediment-laden icebergs from the Canadian Arctic Islands into the Arctic Ocean following the late Wisconsin glacial maximum. These bergs were then rafted westward by the Beaufort Gyre and grounded on the Alaskan shelf by northeasterly prevailing winds. Especially large numbers of bergs accumulated in the wedge terrane embayments-created as sea level rose-and melted there, filling the embayments with their sedimentary cargo. As glacial retreat slowed, depositional rates on the shelf dwindled. </p><p>This mode of deposition in the Alaskan Beaufort wedge terranes may be typical of early post-glacial transgressive phases throughout Quaternary time. It has resulted in the preservation of disconformities that apparently formed during glacioeustatic lowstands, and whose seaward termination depths, appropriately corrected, may yield estimates of lowstand magnitudes. Knowledge of global sea-level fluctuations back through the Sangamon Interglacial (oxygen isotope stage 5e) and possible correlations with dated onshore deposits have facilitated a tentative correlation of major disconformities in the Beaufort Sea record with major 18O enrichment maxima in the oxygen isotope curve back through stage 8. In this tentative scheme, close similarities between the two data sets occur both in magnitudes and in numbers of fluctuations intervening between major correlation points. Further testing of the Quaternary depositional model suggested here and of the resulting sea level curve awaits the collection and dating of core samples from the Beaufort wedge terranes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(85)90010-1","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Dinter, D.A., 1985, Quaternary sedimentation of the Alaskan Beaufort shelf: Influence of regional tectonics, fluctuating sea levels, and glacial sediment sources: Tectonophysics, v. 114, no. 1-4, p. 133-161, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(85)90010-1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"161","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222492,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -161.46539412646445,\n              71.61325942564287\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.46539412646445,\n              69.23521971003117\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.92461926584397,\n              69.23521971003117\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.92461926584397,\n              71.61325942564287\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.46539412646445,\n              71.61325942564287\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a92d8e4b0c8380cd80aa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinter, David A.","contributorId":104010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinter","given":"David","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":33249,"text":"b1646 - 1985 - Geologic characteristics of sediment- and volcanic-hosted disseminated gold deposits - Search for an occurrence model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T14:41:52","indexId":"b1646","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1646","title":"Geologic characteristics of sediment- and volcanic-hosted disseminated gold deposits - Search for an occurrence model","docAbstract":"<p>The current expansion of resource information, particularly on \"disseminated\" gold, and the improved technologies now available for resource investigations should place us in an enhanced position for developing a better predictive methodology for meeting one of the important responsibilities of the U.S. Geological Survey-to examine and assess the mineral resources of the geologic terranes composing the public (and privately owned) lands of the United States. The first step is systematic organization of these data. Geologic-occurrence models are an effective systematic method by which to organize large amounts of resource information into a logical sequence facilitating its use more effectively in meeting several industry and Survey objectives, which include the exploration for resources and the assessment of resource potential for land-use decisions. Such models also provide a scientific basis for metallogenesis research, which considers the observable features or attributes of ore occurrence and their \"fit\" into the Earth's resource puzzle. The use of models in making resource assessments/appraisals was addressed by Shawe (1981), who reported the results of a workshop on methods for resource appraisal of Wilderness and Conterminous United States Mineral Appraisal Program (CUSMAP; 1:250,000-scale quadrangles) areas. The Survey's main objective in the 1982 workshop was to evaluate the status of knowledge about disseminated or very fine grained gold deposits and, if possible, to develop an occurrence model(s).</p><p>This report on the workshop proceedings has three main objectives: (1) Education through the publication of a summary review and presentation of new thinking and observations about the scientific bases for those geologic processes and environments that foster disseminated gold-ore formation; (2) systematic organization of available geologic, geochemical, and geophysical information for a range of typical disseminated gold deposits (including recognition of gaps in those data); and (3) assessment of current understanding (as presented in objective 2) toward formulating an empirical ore-occurrence model for this type of deposit. As such, this volume represents a preliminary first step at classification and provides a source of pertinent background information.</p><p>Readers of this volume will soon discover, however, that full agreement has not yet been achieved in the interpretation of some of the geologic evidence. The resulting variations in tentative occurrence models for these controversial deposits ultimately will be resolved by filling the gaps in information that have already been identified. Thus, this volume does not report a U.S. Geological Survey consensus; the conclusions expressed in each chapter represent the particular interpretations of the various workshop participants.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/b1646","usgsCitation":"White, D.E., Fournier, R.O., Rytuba, J.J., Rye, R.O., Cunningham, C.G., Berger, B.R., Silberman, M.L., Bonham, H.F., Strachan, D.G., Birak, D.J., Hawkins, R.J., and Tooker, E.W., 1985, Geologic characteristics of sediment- and volcanic-hosted disseminated gold deposits - Search for an occurrence model: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1646, v, 150 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1646.","productDescription":"v, 150 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1646/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":340327,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1646/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.1572265625,\n              35.746512259918504\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.32421875,\n              35.746512259918504\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.32421875,\n              43.18114705939968\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1572265625,\n              43.18114705939968\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1572265625,\n              35.746512259918504\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Summary</li><li>Introduction</li><ul><li>Characteristics of disseminated gold occurrences</li><li>Field examination of gold deposits and occurrences</li><li>Status of the disseminated gold occurrence model</li></ul><li>Vein and disseminated gold-silver deposits of the Great Basin through space and time</li><li>Silica minerals as indicators of conditions during gold deposition</li><li>Geochemistry of hydrothermal transport and deposition of gold and sulfide minerals in&nbsp;Carlin-type gold deposits</li><li>A model for the formation of carbonate-hosted disseminated gold deposits based on geologic, fluid-inclusion, geochemical, and stable-isotope studies of the Carlin and&nbsp;Cortez deposits, Nevada</li><li>Characteristics of boiling-water-table and carbon dioxide models for epithermal gold deposition</li><li>Geologic-geochemical features of hot-spring precious-metal deposits</li><li>Geochronology of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization: Tertiary epithermal&nbsp;precious-metal deposits in the Great Basin</li><li>Characteristics of bulk-minable gold-silver deposits in Cordilleran and island-arc settings</li><li>Summary of Steamboat Springs geothermal area, Nevada, with attached road-log commentary</li><li>Geologic discussion of the Borealis gold deposit, Mineral County, Nevada</li><li>The geology of the Enfield Bell mine and the Jerritt Canyon district, Elko County, Nevada<br></li><li>Discussion of the disseminated-gold-ore-occurrence model</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a64d5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Tooker, Edwin W.","contributorId":26345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tooker","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692036,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"White, Donald E.","contributorId":76787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fournier, Robert O.","contributorId":73202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rye, Robert O. rrye@usgs.gov","contributorId":1486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"Robert","email":"rrye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cunningham, Charles G.","contributorId":85940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berger, Byron R. bberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"Byron","email":"bberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Silberman, Miles L.","contributorId":23947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silberman","given":"Miles","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bonham, Harold F. Jr.","contributorId":60224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonham","given":"Harold","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Strachan, Donald G.","contributorId":191159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strachan","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Birak, Donald J.","contributorId":191160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birak","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hawkins, Robert J.","contributorId":191161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawkins","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tooker, Edwin W.","contributorId":26345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tooker","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":58914,"text":"mf1761 - 1985 - Map showing Tertiary stratigraphy and structure of the Northern San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T09:36:52","indexId":"mf1761","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1761","title":"Map showing Tertiary stratigraphy and structure of the Northern San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"<p>This report is a result of recent studies of the Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the San Joaquin Valley that were directed at Cenozoic depositional and tectonic history. Most previous work on the Cenozoic has focused on the Quaternary surficial deposits and on the outcrops of older rocks at the margins of the valley, although ground-water resource studies of the upper Cenozoic deposits have used subsurface information (for example, Davis and others, 1959; Croft, 1972). One purpose of this report is to show the distribution and stratigraphic relations of Tertiary units under the valley and represents, in part, an attempt to extend correlations from Tertiary units previously recognized in outcrop at the margins of the valley into the subsurface. A second purpose is to depict the structure of the Tertiary rocks by cross sections and by a structure contour map of a middle Tertiary horizon.</p>\n<p>The emphasis in this report is on the Tertiary rocks of the northern part of the San Joaquin Valley, although pre-Tertiary stratigraphic units are shown on the cross sections where information was available. They serve to emphasize the discordance between the Neogene and the older units. Correlations of units in the Great Valley sequence (Late Jurassic to earliest Tertiary) are based mostly, with some modification, on the work of Hoffman (1964) and Callaway (1964), although the informal stratigraphic names used by those workers are not applied here.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1761","usgsCitation":"Bartow, J., 1985, Map showing Tertiary stratigraphy and structure of the Northern San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1761, 2 Plates: 56.27 x 36.16 inches and 49.95 x 40.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1761.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 56.27 x 36.16 inches and 49.95 x 40.00 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":326207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1761.JPG"},{"id":327140,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1761/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":327141,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1761/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Northern San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121,37 ], [ -121,38 ], [ -120,38 ], [ -120,37 ], [ -121,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a94e4b07f02db6589f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartow, J. A.","contributorId":16389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartow","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":60672,"text":"mf1798 - 1985 - Seismicity map of the State of Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T11:01:15","indexId":"mf1798","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1798","title":"Seismicity map of the State of Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>The data shown on this map and listed in table 1 are for earthquakes that were originally included in a study of seismic risk in the United States (Algermissen, 1969). This data file has been recompiled and updated through 1981. Some revisions of epicenters and intensities in the original file have been made, and intensities have been assigned to earthquakes that previously had none assigned. Only earthquakes that had epicenters within the boundary of the state are listed in table 1, even though earthquakes that had epicenters in bordering states or countries may have been felt or may have caused damage in the state. Intensity values were updated from data sources that were not available at the time or original compilation. Some epicenters were relocated on the basis of new information. The data shown in table 1 represent best estimates of the epicenter, magnitude, and intensity of each earthquake on the basis of historical and current information. Some of the aftershocks from large earthquakes are listed, but not all, especially for the earthquakes that occurred before seismic instruments were universally used.</p>\n<p>The data in table 1 were used to compile the seismicity map. The latitude and longitude coordinates of each epicenter were rounded to the nearest tenth of a degree. The triangles on the map represent epicenters plotted to the nearest tenth of a degree. The number of earthquakes at each location is shown on the map by the number to the right of the triangle. A Roman numeral to the left of a triangle is the maximum Modified Mercalli (MM) intensity (Wood and Neumann, 1931) of al earthquakes at that geographic location. The absence of an intensity value indicates that no intensities have been assigned to earthquakes at that location. The four-digit number shown below each triangle is the latest year for which the maximum intensity was recorded.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1798","usgsCitation":"Reagor, B., Stover, C.W., and Algermissen, S.T., 1985, Seismicity map of the State of Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1798, Plate: 55.71 x 41.76 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1798.","productDescription":"Plate: 55.71 x 41.76 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":326198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1798.JPG"},{"id":327438,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1798/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate","size":"23.53 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate"}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111,41 ], [ -111,45 ], [ -104,45 ], [ -104,41 ], [ -111,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fae70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reagor, B.G.","contributorId":99121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reagor","given":"B.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stover, C. W.","contributorId":70369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stover","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Algermissen, S. T.","contributorId":39790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Algermissen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":58594,"text":"mf1629A - 1985 - Mineral resource potential map of the Fossil Ridge Wilderness Study Area, Gunnison County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T11:40:51","indexId":"mf1629A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1629","chapter":"A","title":"Mineral resource potential map of the Fossil Ridge Wilderness Study Area, Gunnison County, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>Parts of the Fossil Ridge Wilderness Study Area have a high resource potential for gold and silver in small deposits, uranium in medium-size deposits, and high-calcium limestone in large deposits. Parts have a moderate to high potential for uranium, thorium, and light rare-earth elements in small- to medium-size deposits, a moderate potential for copper, lead, and zinc in small deposits, a low potential for molybdenum in small deposits, and an unknown potential for molybdenum in deposits of unknown size. Parts of the area have a low potential for cobalt, chromium, tungsten, beryllium, boron, and tin in small deposits. And, depending on the extraction of precious metals, parts of the area could have a low potential for arsenic in small deposits. Tungsten, rare-earth elements, and tin could not be considered resources except for coexisting base metals, thorium, and uranium.</p>\n<p>Areas that immediately adjoin the Fossil Ridge Wilderness Study Area have a high potential for molybdenum in large deposits, lead in medium-size deposits, and zinc -in small- to medium-size deposits. Depending on the extraction of base metals, parts of the adjoining areas could have a low resource potential for bismuth and cadmium as byproducts in medium-size deposits.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1629A","usgsCitation":"DeWitt, E., Stoneman, R.J., Clark, J.R., and Kluender, S., 1985, Mineral resource potential map of the Fossil Ridge Wilderness Study Area, Gunnison County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1629, Report: 21 p.; Plate: 53.17 x 39.63 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1629A.","productDescription":"Report: 21 p.; Plate: 53.17 x 39.63 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1985/1629a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":88445,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1985/1629a/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":327020,"rank":301,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1629-A/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate"}],"scale":"77500","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Gunnison County","otherGeospatial":"Fossil Ridge Wilderness Study Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.75,38.6175 ], [ -106.75,38.75 ], [ -106.5,38.75 ], [ -106.5,38.6175 ], [ -106.75,38.6175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8e08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeWitt, Ed","contributorId":65081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoneman, R. J.","contributorId":100384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoneman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, J. R.","contributorId":55764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kluender, S.E.","contributorId":61508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kluender","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":80295,"text":"fwsobs82_10_109 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Pink salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:01:28.098049","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_109","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.109","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Pink salmon","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model and instream flow suitability curves for the pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Raleigh, R.F., and Nelson, P.C., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Pink salmon: FWS/OBS 82/10.109, vi, 36 p.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649e46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raleigh, Robert F.","contributorId":49841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raleigh","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Patrick C.","contributorId":68799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80294,"text":"fwsobs82_10_108 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Chum salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:01:57.467953","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_108","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.108","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Chum salmon","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model and instream flow suitability curves for the chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Hale, S.S., McMahon, T., and Nelson, P.C., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Chum salmon: FWS/OBS 82/10.108, vi, 48 p.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649e78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hale, Stephen S.","contributorId":32255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hale","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMahon, Thomas E.","contributorId":93548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Patrick C.","contributorId":68799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":80291,"text":"fwsobs82_10_96 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Cactus wren","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:02:49.266206","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_96","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.96","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Cactus wren","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the cactus wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Short, H.L., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Cactus wren: FWS/OBS 82/10.96, vi, 15 p.","productDescription":"vi, 15 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649ade","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Short, Henry L.","contributorId":58695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80287,"text":"fwsobs82_10_90 - 1985 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Eastern brown pelican","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:03:12.69782","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_90","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.90","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Eastern brown pelican","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a habitat model for the eastern brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis). The model is scaled to produce an index of habitat suitability between 0 (unsuitable habitat) and 1.0 (optimal habitat) for coastal areas within the eastern brown pelican's breeding range. Habitat suitability indices are designed for use with the Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Guidelines for application of the eastern brown pelican habitat model and techniques for measuring model variables are described.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Hingtgen, T.M., Mulholland, R., and Zale, A.V., 1985, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Eastern brown pelican: FWS/OBS 82/10.90, vi, 20 p.","productDescription":"vi, 20 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649a62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hingtgen, Terrence M.","contributorId":45015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hingtgen","given":"Terrence","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulholland, Rosemarie","contributorId":8535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulholland","given":"Rosemarie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zale, Alexander V. 0000-0003-1703-885X zale@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1703-885X","contributorId":3010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zale","given":"Alexander","email":"zale@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":59941,"text":"mf1751 - 1985 - Maps showing sea-floor topography, depth to bedrock, and sediment thickness, Penobscot Bay, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T15:16:52","indexId":"mf1751","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1751","title":"Maps showing sea-floor topography, depth to bedrock, and sediment thickness, Penobscot Bay, Maine","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents results of a high-resolution seismic-reflection survey conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey to determine the subbottom characteristics of Penobscot Bay, Maine. Penobscot Bay is one of the major embayments along the U.S. Atlantic coast (fig. 1), extending more than 50 km from the Gulf of Maine to the mouth of the Penobscot River. The bay constitutes an area of about 1,100 km\" and is divided into three main passages by numerous islands.</p>\n<p>The bay and surrounding coastal area have had a complex history of glaciation and sea-level change since late Wisconsinan time. The last ice sheet advanced across the area about 20,000 years ago, eroding the bedrock surface, removing most older sediments, and isostatically depressing the crust (Schafer and Hartshorn, 1965; Stuiver and Borns, 1975; Thompson, 1979). Deglaciation followed between about 12,700&ndash;13,500 years ago and was accompanied by a marine transgression (because of crustal depression), with ice and sea in contact (Stuiver and Borns, 1975; Thompson, 1979, 1982; Smith, 1982). Isostatic recovery of the crust then caused the coast to emerge during the immediate postglacial period, and emergence was completed by about 11,500 years ago (Stuiver and Borns, 1975; Thompson, 1979, 1982; Thompson and Smith, 1983). Finally, resubmergence of the Maine coast has accompanied the Holocene rise of sea level that began about 9,000 to 11,000 years ago (Bloom, 1963; Kaye and Barghoorn, 1964; Schmitker, 1974; Oldale and others, 1983).</p>\n<p>In the maps presented here, we illustrate and briefly describe the sea-floor topography, bedrock morphology, and variable sediment thickness within Penobscot Bay that were either produced or modified during the period of geologic change since late Wisconsinan time.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1751","isbn":"0607815787","usgsCitation":"Knebel, H.J., and Scanlon, K.M., 1985, Maps showing sea-floor topography, depth to bedrock, and sediment thickness, Penobscot Bay, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1751, 2 Plates: 38.42 x 46.41 inches and 37.40 x 27.34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1751.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 38.42 x 46.41 inches and 37.40 x 27.34 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":326208,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1751.JPG"},{"id":327313,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1751/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":327314,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1751/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1","country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -69.08333333333333,44 ], [ -69.08333333333333,44.46666666666667 ], [ -68.66666666666667,44.46666666666667 ], [ -68.66666666666667,44 ], [ -69.08333333333333,44 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605e8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knebel, Harley J.","contributorId":25930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knebel","given":"Harley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scanlon, Kathryn M.","contributorId":6816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":60662,"text":"mf1819 - 1985 - Seismicity map of the State of Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T11:33:23","indexId":"mf1819","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1819","title":"Seismicity map of the State of Montana","docAbstract":"<p>This map is one of a series of seismicity maps produced by the U. S. Geological Survey that show earthquake data of individual states or groups of states at the scale of 1:1,000,000. This map shows only those earthquakes with epicenters located within the boundaries of Montana, even though earthquakes in bordering states or countries may have been felt or may have caused damage in Montana.</p>\n<p>The data in table 1 were used to compile the seismicity map; these data are a corrected, expanded, and updated (through 1981) version of the data used by Algermissen (1969) for a study of seismic risk in the United States. The locations and intensities of some earthquakes were revised and intensities were assigned where none had been before. Many earthquakes were added to the original list from new data sources as well as from some old data sources that had not been previously used. No earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 2.5 were located in Montana during 1981. The data in table 1 represent best estimates of the location of the epicenter, magnitude, and intensity of each earthquake on the basis of historical and current information. Some of the aftershocks from large earthquakes are listed, but not all, especially for earthquakes that occurred before seismic instruments were universally used.</p>\n<p>Special criteria used in compiling the list of earthquake in the State of Montana include the following: (1) All earthquakes with epicenters along the Montana-Wyoming border with a latitude of 45&deg; N are listed in Montana. (2) Aftershocks of the 1925 and 1935 earthquakes were assigned the same geographic locations as the main shocks. (3) Instrumental epicenters for the 1959 Hebgen Lake earthquake and its aftershocks were 1ocated in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming; only the ones located in Montana are included on this map. All non-instrumental locations were given the location of the main shock with an accuracy code that includes the community reporting the maximum intensity.</p>\n<p>The latitude and longitude coordinates of each epicenter were rounded to the nearest tenth of a degree and sorted so that all identical locations were grouped and counted. These locations are represented on the map by a triangle. The number of earthquakes at each location is shown on the map by the number to the right of the triangle. A Roman numeral to the left of a triangle is the maximum Modified Mercalli intensity (Wood and Neumann, 1931) of all earthquakes at that geographic location. The absence of an intensity value indicates that no intensities have been assigned to earthquakes at that location. The year shown below each triangle is the latest year for which the maximum intensity was recorded.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1819","usgsCitation":"Reagor, B., Stover, C.W., and Algermissen, S.T., 1985, Seismicity map of the State of Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1819, 2 Plates: 55.28 x 38.49 inches and 39.06 x 25.58 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1819.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 55.28 x 38.49 inches and 39.06 x 25.58 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