We illustrate the ability to monitor the status of snow water content over large areas by using a spatially distributed snow accumulation and ablation model that uses data from a weather forecast model in the upper Colorado Basin. The model was forced with precipitation fields from the National Weather Service (NWS) Multi-sensor Precipitation Estimator (MPE) and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data-sets; remaining meteorological model input data were from NOAA's Global Forecast System (GFS) model output fields. The simulated snow water equivalent (SWE) was compared to SWEs from the Snow Data Assimilation System (SNODAS) and SNOwpack TELemetry system (SNOTEL) over a region of the western US that covers parts of the upper Colorado Basin. We also compared the SWE product estimated from the special sensor microwave imager (SSM/I) and scanning multichannel microwave radiometer (SMMR) to the SNODAS and SNOTEL SWE data-sets. Agreement between the spatial distributions of the simulated SWE with MPE data was high with both SNODAS and SNOTEL. Model-simulated SWE with TRMM precipitation and SWE estimated from the passive microwave imagery were not significantly correlated spatially with either SNODAS or the SNOTEL SWE. Average basin-wide SWE simulated with the MPE and the TRMM data were highly correlated with both SNODAS (r = 0.94 and r = 0.64; d.f. = 14 – d.f. = degrees of freedom) and SNOTEL (r = 0.93 and r = 0.68; d.f. = 14). The SWE estimated from the passive microwave imagery was significantly correlated with the SNODAS SWE (r = 0.55, d.f. = 9, p = 0.05) but was not significantly correlated with the SNOTEL-reported SWE values (r = 0.45, d.f. = 9, p = 0.05).The results indicate the applicability of the snow energy balance model for monitoring snow water content at regional scales when coupled with meteorological data of acceptable quality. The two snow water contents from the microwave imagery (SMMR and SSM/I) and the Utah Energy Balance forced with the TRMM precipitation data were found to be unreliable sources for mapping SWE in the study area; both data sets lacked discernible variability of snow water content between sites as seen in the SNOTEL and SNODAS SWE data. This study will contribute to better understanding the adequacy of data from weather forecast models, TRMM, and microwave imagery for monitoring status of the snow water content.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/hess-17-5127-2013","usgsCitation":"Artan, G.A., Verdin, J., and Lietzow, R., 2013, Large scale snow water status monitoring: Comparison of different snow water products in the upper Colorado basins: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 17, p. 5127-5139, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-5127-2013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"5127","endPage":"5139","ipdsId":"IP-018769","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-5127-2013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Colorado basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.8740234375,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -105.1171875,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -105.1171875,\n 44.11914151643737\n ],\n [\n -110.8740234375,\n 44.11914151643737\n ],\n [\n -110.8740234375,\n 37.16031654673677\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535594a9e4b0120853e8c044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Artan, G. A.","contributorId":50733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Artan","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verdin, J. P. 0000-0003-0238-9657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":33033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lietzow, R.","contributorId":89648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lietzow","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70094693,"text":"70094693 - 2013 - Using isotopes for design and monitoring of artificial recharge systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T15:37:59","indexId":"70094693","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-05T13:02:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":179,"text":"IAEA TECDOC","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"1723","title":"Using isotopes for design and monitoring of artificial recharge systems","docAbstract":"Over the past years, the IAEA has provided support to a number of Member States engaged in the implementation of hydrological projects dealing with the design and monitoring of artificial recharge ( A R ) systems, primarily situated in arid and semiarid regions. AR is defined as any engineered system designed to introduce water to, and store water in, underlying aquifers. Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is a specific type of AR used with the purpose of increasing groundwater resources. Different water management strategies have been tested under various geographical, hydrological and climatic regimes. However, \nthe success of such schemes cannot easily be predicted, since many variables need to be taken into account in the early stages of every AR project.","language":"English","publisher":"International Atomic Energy Agency","publisherLocation":"Vienna","usgsCitation":"International Atomic Energy Agency, 2013, Using isotopes for design and monitoring of artificial recharge systems: IAEA TECDOC 1723, 59 p.","productDescription":"59 p.","numberOfPages":"74","ipdsId":"IP-016370","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284319,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282655,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www-pub.iaea.org/books/IAEABooks/10510/Using-Isotopes-for-Design-and-Monitoring-of-Artificial-Recharge-Systems"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae789de4b0abf75cf2dac1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"International Atomic Energy Agency","contributorId":206868,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"International Atomic Energy Agency","id":741983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048424,"text":"70048424 - 2013 - Spatial, seasonal, and source variability in the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of tap waters throughout the USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-25T16:10:14","indexId":"70048424","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T16:06:11","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial, seasonal, and source variability in the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of tap waters throughout the USA","docAbstract":"To assess spatial, seasonal, and source variability in stable isotopic composition of human drinking waters throughout the entire USA, we have constructed a database of δ18O and δ2H of US tap waters. An additional purpose was to create a publicly available dataset useful for evaluating the forensic applicability of these isotopes for human tissue source geolocation. Samples were obtained at 349 sites, from diverse population centres, grouped by surface hydrologic units for regional comparisons. Samples were taken concurrently during two contrasting seasons, summer and winter. Source supply (surface, groundwater, mixed, and cistern) and system (public and private) types were noted. The isotopic composition of tap waters exhibits large spatial and regional variation within each season as well as significant at-site differences between seasons at many locations, consistent with patterns found in environmental (river and precipitation) waters deriving from hydrologic processes influenced by geographic factors. However, anthropogenic factors, such as the population of a tap’s surrounding community and local availability from diverse sources, also influence the isotopic composition of tap waters. Even within a locale as small as a single metropolitan area, tap waters with greatly differing isotopic compositions can be found, so that tap water within a region may not exhibit the spatial or temporal coherence predicted for environmental water. Such heterogeneities can be confounding factors when attempting forensic inference of source water location, and they underscore the necessity of measurements, not just predictions, with which to characterize the isotopic composition of regional tap waters. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10004","usgsCitation":"Landwehr, J.M., Coplen, T.B., and Stewart, D.W., 2013, Spatial, seasonal, and source variability in the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of tap waters throughout the USA: Hydrological Processes, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10004.","productDescription":"41 p.","ipdsId":"IP-026338","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278112,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.10004/abstract"},{"id":282785,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282784,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10004"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7399e4b0b290851090a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landwehr, Jurate M. jmlandwe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landwehr","given":"Jurate","email":"jmlandwe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, David W. dwstewar@usgs.gov","contributorId":2390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"David","email":"dwstewar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048759,"text":"fs20133068 - 2013 - Tools for beach health data management, data processing, and predictive model implementation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T17:33:35","indexId":"fs20133068","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T13:59:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3068","title":"Tools for beach health data management, data processing, and predictive model implementation","docAbstract":"This fact sheet describes utilities created for management of recreational waters to provide efficient data management, data aggregation, and predictive modeling as well as a prototype geographic information system (GIS)-based tool for data visualization and summary. All of these utilities were developed to assist beach managers in making decisions to protect public health. The Environmental Data Discovery and Transformation (EnDDaT) Web service identifies, compiles, and sorts environmental data from a variety of sources that help to define climatic, hydrologic, and hydrodynamic characteristics including multiple data sources within the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The Great Lakes Beach Health Database (GLBH-DB) and Web application was designed to provide a flexible input, export, and storage platform for beach water quality and sanitary survey monitoring data to compliment beach monitoring programs within the Great Lakes. A real-time predictive modeling strategy was implemented by combining the capabilities of EnDDaT and the GLBH-DB for timely, automated prediction of beach water quality. The GIS-based tool was developed to map beaches based on their physical and biological characteristics, which was shared with multiple partners to provide concepts and information for future Web-accessible beach data outlets.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133068","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2013, Tools for beach health data management, data processing, and predictive model implementation: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3068, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133068.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133068.gif"},{"id":278641,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3068/"},{"id":278642,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3068/pdf/fs2013-3068.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5274c67fe4b089748f071333","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048754,"text":"70048754 - 2013 - Climate change and watershed mercury export: a multiple projection and model analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-01T10:36:47","indexId":"70048754","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change and watershed mercury export: a multiple projection and model analysis","docAbstract":"Future shifts in climatic conditions may impact watershed mercury (Hg) dynamics and transport. An ensemble of watershed models was applied in the present study to simulate and evaluate the responses of hydrological and total Hg (THg) fluxes from the landscape to the watershed outlet and in-stream THg concentrations to contrasting climate change projections for a watershed in the southeastern coastal plain of the United States. Simulations were conducted under stationary atmospheric deposition and land cover conditions to explicitly evaluate the effect of projected precipitation and temperature on watershed Hg export (i.e., the flux of Hg at the watershed outlet). Based on downscaled inputs from 2 global circulation models that capture extremes of projected wet (Community Climate System Model, Ver 3 [CCSM3]) and dry (ECHAM4/HOPE-G [ECHO]) conditions for this region, watershed model simulation results suggest a decrease of approximately 19% in ensemble-averaged mean annual watershed THg fluxes using the ECHO climate-change model and an increase of approximately 5% in THg fluxes with the CCSM3 model. Ensemble-averaged mean annual ECHO in-stream THg concentrations increased 20%, while those of CCSM3 decreased by 9% between the baseline and projected simulation periods. Watershed model simulation results using both climate change models suggest that monthly watershed THg fluxes increase during the summer, when projected flow is higher than baseline conditions. The present study's multiple watershed model approach underscores the uncertainty associated with climate change response projections and their use in climate change management decisions. Thus, single-model predictions can be misleading, particularly in developmental stages of watershed Hg modeling.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.2284","usgsCitation":"Golden, H., Knightes, C.D., Conrads, P., Feaster, T., Davis, G.M., Benedict, S., and Bradley, P.M., 2013, Climate change and watershed mercury export: a multiple projection and model analysis: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 32, no. 9, p. 2165-2174, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2284.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2165","endPage":"2174","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-045661","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278632,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278631,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2284"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Mctier Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.666667,33.7 ], [ -81.666667,33.883333 ], [ -81.533333,33.883333 ], [ -81.533333,33.7 ], [ -81.666667,33.7 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5274c658e4b089748f071321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golden, Heather E.","contributorId":94914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"Heather E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knightes, Christopher D.","contributorId":32666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knightes","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feaster, Toby D. 0000-0002-5626-5011 tfeaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5626-5011","contributorId":1109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feaster","given":"Toby D.","email":"tfeaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davis, Gary M.","contributorId":12741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benedict, Stephen T. benedict@usgs.gov","contributorId":3198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benedict","given":"Stephen T.","email":"benedict@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70106161,"text":"70106161 - 2013 - A sediment budget for the southern reach in San Francisco Bay, CA: Implications for habitat restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T12:17:17","indexId":"70106161","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T09:21:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A sediment budget for the southern reach in San Francisco Bay, CA: Implications for habitat restoration","docAbstract":"The South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project is overseeing the restoration of about 6000 ha of former commercial salt-evaporation ponds to tidal marsh and managed wetlands in the southern reach of San Francisco Bay (SFB). As a result of regional groundwater overdrafts prior to the 1970s, parts of the project area have subsided below sea-level and will require between 29 and 45 million m3 of sediment to raise the surface of the subsided areas to elevations appropriate for tidal marsh colonization and development. Therefore, a sufficient sediment supply to the far south SFB subembayment is a critical variable for achieving restoration goals. Although both major tributaries to far south SFB have been seasonally gaged for sediment since 2004, the sediment flux at the Dumbarton Narrows, the bayward boundary of far south SFB, has not been quantified until recently. Using daily suspended-sediment flux data from the gages on Guadalupe River and Coyote Creek, combined with continuous suspended-sediment flux data at Dumbarton Narrows, we computed a sediment budget for far south SFB during Water Years 2009–2011. A Monte Carlo approach was used to quantify the uncertainty of the flux estimates. The sediment flux past Dumbarton Narrows from the north dominates the input to the subembayment. However, environmental conditions in the spring can dramatically influence the direction of springtime flux, which appears to be a dominant influence on the net annual flux. It is estimated that up to several millennia may be required for natural tributary sediments to fill the accommodation space of the subsided former salt ponds, whereas supply from the rest of the bay could fill the space in several centuries. Uncertainty in the measurement of sediment flux is large, in part because small suspended-sediment concentration differences between flood and ebb tides can lead to large differences in total mass exchange. Using Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the random error associated with this uncertainty provides a more statistically rigorous method of quantifying this uncertainty than the more typical “sum of errors” approach. The results of this study reinforce the need for measurement of estuarine sediment fluxes over multiple years (multiple hydrologic conditions) to adequately detail the variability in flux. Additionally, the timing of breaching events for the restoration project could be tied to annual hydrologic conditions to capitalize on increased regional sediment supply.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.007","usgsCitation":"Shellenbarger, G., Wright, S., and Schoellhamer, D., 2013, A sediment budget for the southern reach in San Francisco Bay, CA: Implications for habitat restoration: Marine Geology, v. 345, p. 281-293, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.007.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-006338","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.75,37.2509 ], [ -122.75,38.3523 ], [ -121.6589,38.3523 ], [ -121.6589,37.2509 ], [ -122.75,37.2509 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"345","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537b27e6e4b0929ba496ab48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shellenbarger, Gregory gshellen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"Gregory","email":"gshellen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Scott 0000-0002-0387-5713 sawright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-5713","contributorId":1536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Scott","email":"sawright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048712,"text":"sir20135051 - 2013 - Groundwater and surface-water interaction within the upper Smith River Watershed, Montana 2006-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-30T14:30:20","indexId":"sir20135051","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-31T08:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5051","title":"Groundwater and surface-water interaction within the upper Smith River Watershed, Montana 2006-2010","docAbstract":"The 125-mile long Smith River, a tributary of the Missouri River, is highly valued as an agricultural resource and for its many recreational uses. During a drought starting in about 1999, streamflow was insufficient to meet all of the irrigation demands, much less maintain streamflow needed for boating and viable fish habitat. In 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Meagher County Conservation District, initiated a multi-year hydrologic investigation of the Smith River watershed. This investigation was designed to increase understanding of the water resources of the upper Smith River watershed and develop a detailed description of groundwater and surface-water interactions. A combination of methods, including miscellaneous and continuous groundwater-level, stream-stage, water-temperature, and streamflow monitoring was used to assess the hydrologic system and the spatial and temporal variability of groundwater and surface-water interactions. Collectively, data are in agreement and show: (1) the hydraulic connectedness of groundwater and surface water, (2) the presence of both losing and gaining stream reaches, (3) dynamic changes in direction and magnitude of water flow between the stream and groundwater with time, (4) the effects of local flood irrigation on groundwater levels and gradients in the watershed, and (5) evidence and timing of irrigation return flows to area streams.
\nGroundwater flow within the alluvium and older (Tertiary) basin-fill sediments generally followed land-surface topography from the uplands to the axis of alluvial valleys of the Smith River and its tributaries. Groundwater levels were typically highest in the monitoring wells located within and adjacent to streams in late spring or early summer, likely affected by recharge from snowmelt and local precipitation, leakage from losing streams and canals, and recharge from local flood irrigation. The effects of flood irrigation resulted in increased hydraulic gradients (increased groundwater levels relative to stream stage) or even reversed gradient direction at several monitoring sites coincident with the onset of nearby flood irrigation. Groundwater-level declines in mid-summer were due to groundwater withdrawals and reduced recharge from decreased precipitation, increased evapotranspiration, and reduced leakage in some area streams during periods of low flow. Groundwater levels typically rebounded in late summer, a result of decreased evapotranspiration, decreased groundwater use for irrigation, increased flow in losing streams, and the onset of late-season flood irrigation at some sites.
\nThe effect of groundwater and surface-water interactions is most apparent along the North and South Forks of the Smith River where the magnitude of streamflow losses and gains can be greater than the magnitude of flow within the stream. Net gains consistently occurred over the lower 15 miles of the South Fork Smith River. A monitoring site near the mouth of the South Fork Smith River gained (flow from the groundwater to the stream) during all seasons, with head gradients towards the stream. Two upstream sites on the South Fork Smith River exhibited variable conditions that ranged from gaining during the spring, losing (flowing from the stream to the groundwater) during most of the summer as groundwater levels declined, and then approached or returned to gaining conditions in late summer. Parts of the South Fork Smith River became dry during periods of losing conditions, thus classifying this tributary as intermittent. The North Fork Smith River is highly managed at times through reservoir releases. The North Fork Smith River was perennial throughout the study period although irrigation diversions removed a large percentage of streamflow at times and losing conditions persisted along a lower reach. The lowermost reach of the North Fork Smith River near its mouth transitioned from a losing reach to a gaining reach throughout the study period.
\nGroundwater and surface-water interactions occur downstream from the confluence of the North and South Fork Smith Rivers, but are less discernible compared to the overall magnitude of the main-stem streamflow. The Smith River was perennial throughout the study. Monitoring sites along the Smith River generally displayed small head gradients between the stream and the groundwater, while one site consistently showed strongly gaining conditions. Synoptic streamflow measurements during periods of limited irrigation diversion in 2007 and 2008 consistently showed gains over the upper 41.4 river miles of the main stem Smith River where net gains ranged from 13.0 to 28.9 cubic feet per second. Continuous streamflow data indicated net groundwater discharge and small-scale tributary inflow contributions of around 25 cubic feet per second along the upper 10-mile reach of the Smith River for most of the 2010 record. A period of intense irrigation withdrawal during the last two weeks in May was followed by a period (early June 2010 to mid-July 2010) with the largest net increase (an average of 71.1 cubic feet per second) in streamflow along this reach of the Smith River. This observation is likely due to increased groundwater discharge to the Smith River resulting from irrigation return flow. By late July, the apparent effects of return flows receded, and the net increase in streamflow returned to about 25 cubic feet per second.
\nTwo-dimensional heat and solute transport VS2DH models representing selected stream cross sections were used to constrain the hydraulic properties of the Quaternary alluvium and estimate temporal water-flux values through model boundaries. Hydraulic conductivity of the Quaternary alluvium of the modeled sections ranged from 3x10-6 to 4x10-5 feet per second. The models showed reasonable approximations of the streambed and shallow aquifer environment, and the dynamic changes in water flux between the stream and the groundwater through different model boundaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135051","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Meagher County Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, R.R., and Eddy-Miller, C., 2013, Groundwater and surface-water interaction within the upper Smith River Watershed, Montana 2006-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5051, xi, 88 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135051.","productDescription":"xi, 88 p.","numberOfPages":"104","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278592,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135051.gif"},{"id":278591,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5051/pdf/sir2013-5051.pdf"},{"id":279219,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5051/"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Smith River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,46.0 ], [ -112.0,47.5 ], [ -110.5,47.5 ], [ -110.5,46.0 ], [ -112.0,46.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52736dfce4b097f32ac3dae0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caldwell, Rodney R. 0000-0002-2588-715X caldwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-715X","contributorId":2577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Rodney","email":"caldwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eddy-Miller, Cheryl A.","contributorId":86755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eddy-Miller","given":"Cheryl A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70074147,"text":"70074147 - 2013 - Creating potentiometric surfaces from combined water well and oil well data in the midcontinent of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-02T10:52:38","indexId":"70074147","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-30T10:47:38","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Creating potentiometric surfaces from combined water well and oil well data in the midcontinent of the United States","docAbstract":"For years, hydrologists have defined potentiometric surfaces using measured hydraulic-head values in water wells from aquifers. Down-dip, the oil and gas industry is also interested in the formation pressures of many of the same geologic formations for the purpose of hydrocarbon recovery. In oil and gas exploration, drillstem tests (DSTs) provide the formation pressure for a given depth interval in a well. These DST measurements can be used to calculate hydraulic-head values in deep hydrocarbon-bearing formations in areas where water wells do not exist. Unlike hydraulic-head measurements in water wells, which have a low number of problematic data points (outliers), only a small subset of the DST data measure true formation pressures.
\nUsing 3D imaging capabilities to view and clean the data, we have developed a process to estimate potentiometric surfaces from erratic DST data sets of hydrocarbon-bearing formations in the midcontinent of the U.S. The analysis indicates that the potentiometric surface is more readily defined through human interpretation of the chaotic DST data sets rather than through the application of filtering and geostatistical analysis. The data are viewed as a series of narrow, 400-mile-long swaths and a 2D viewer is used to select a subset of hydraulic-head values that represent the potentiometric surface. The user-selected subsets for each swath are then combined into one data set for each formation. These data are then joined with the hydraulic-head values from water wells to define the 3D potentiometric surfaces. The final product is an interactive, 3D digital display containing: (1) the subsurface structure of the formation, (2) the cluster of DST-derived hydraulic head values, (3) the user-selected subset of hydraulic-head values that define the potentiometric surface, (4) the hydraulic-head measurements from the corresponding shallow aquifer, (5) the resulting potentiometric surface encompassing both oil and gas and water wells, and (6) the land surface elevation of the region. Examples from the midcontinent of the United States, specifically Kansas, Oklahoma, and parts of adjacent states illustrate the process.
","largerWorkTitle":"125th Anniversary Annual Meeting & Expo: The Geological Society of America","conferenceTitle":"125th Anniversary Annual Meeting & Expo: The Geological Society of America","conferenceDate":"2013-10-27T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America 2013 Annual Meeting","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Gianoutsos, N.J., and Nelson, P.H., 2013, Creating potentiometric surfaces from combined water well and oil well data in the midcontinent of the United States, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-053110","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281598,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper226579.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b0dde4b0388651d916a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gianoutsos, Nicholas J. 0000-0002-6510-6549 ngianoutsos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-6549","contributorId":3607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gianoutsos","given":"Nicholas","email":"ngianoutsos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Philip H. pnelson@usgs.gov","contributorId":862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Philip","email":"pnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70144456,"text":"70144456 - 2013 - Improving regression-model-based streamwater constituent load estimates derived from serially correlated data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T14:05:44","indexId":"70144456","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving regression-model-based streamwater constituent load estimates derived from serially correlated data","docAbstract":"A regression-model based approach is a commonly used, efficient method for estimating streamwater constituent load when there is a relationship between streamwater constituent concentration and continuous variables such as streamwater discharge, season and time. A subsetting experiment using a 30-year dataset of daily suspended sediment observations from the Mississippi River at Thebes, Illinois, was performed to determine optimal sampling frequency, model calibration period length, and regression model methodology, as well as to determine the effect of serial correlation of model residuals on load estimate precision. Two regression-based methods were used to estimate streamwater loads, the Adjusted Maximum Likelihood Estimator (AMLE), and the composite method, a hybrid load estimation approach. While both methods accurately and precisely estimated loads at the model’s calibration period time scale, precisions were progressively worse at shorter reporting periods, from annually to monthly. Serial correlation in model residuals resulted in observed AMLE precision to be significantly worse than the model calculated standard errors of prediction. The composite method effectively improved upon AMLE loads for shorter reporting periods, but required a sampling interval of at least 15-days or shorter, when the serial correlations in the observed load residuals were greater than 0.15. AMLE precision was better at shorter sampling intervals and when using the shortest model calibration periods, such that the regression models better fit the temporal changes in the concentration–discharge relationship. The models with the largest errors typically had poor high flow sampling coverage resulting in unrepresentative models. Increasing sampling frequency and/or targeted high flow sampling are more efficient approaches to ensure sufficient sampling and to avoid poorly performing models, than increasing calibration period length.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.001","usgsCitation":"Aulenbach, B.T., 2013, Improving regression-model-based streamwater constituent load estimates derived from serially correlated data: Journal of Hydrology, v. 503, p. 55-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1980-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-050633","costCenters":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299141,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Thebes","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.46922302246094,\n 37.18609994167537\n ],\n [\n -89.46922302246094,\n 37.229303292139896\n ],\n [\n -89.44785118103027,\n 37.229303292139896\n ],\n [\n -89.44785118103027,\n 37.18609994167537\n ],\n [\n -89.46922302246094,\n 37.18609994167537\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"503","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a75f8e4b03238427835b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aulenbach, Brent T. 0000-0003-2863-1288 btaulenb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2863-1288","contributorId":3057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aulenbach","given":"Brent","email":"btaulenb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048673,"text":"ofr20131260 - 2013 - Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Rim Fire, Stanislaus National Forest and Yosemite National Park, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T18:02:06","indexId":"ofr20131260","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-29T10:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1260","title":"Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Rim Fire, Stanislaus National Forest and Yosemite National Park, California","docAbstract":"Wildfire can significantly alter the hydrologic response of a watershed to the extent that even modest rainstorms can produce dangerous flash floods and debris flows. In this report, empirical models are used to predict the probability and magnitude of debris-flow occurrence in response to a 10-year rainstorm for the 2013 Rim fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest, California. Overall, the models predict a relatively high probability (60–80 percent) of debris flow for 28 of the 1,238 drainage basins in the burn area in response to a 10-year recurrence interval design storm. Predictions of debris-flow volume suggest that debris flows may entrain a significant volume of material, with 901 of the 1,238 basins identified as having potential debris-flow volumes greater than 10,000 cubic meters. These results of the relative combined hazard analysis suggest there is a moderate likelihood of significant debris-flow hazard within and downstream of the burn area for nearby populations, infrastructure, wildlife, and water resources. Given these findings, we recommend that residents, emergency managers, and public works departments pay close attention to weather forecasts and National-Weather-Service-issued Debris Flow and Flash Flood Outlooks, Watches and Warnings and that residents adhere to any evacuation orders.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131260","usgsCitation":"Staley, D.M., 2013, Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Rim Fire, Stanislaus National Forest and Yosemite National Park, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1260, Report: iv, 11 p.; 3 Plates: 54.67 x 43.39 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131260.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 11 p.; 3 Plates: 54.67 x 43.39 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131260.gif"},{"id":278517,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1260/pdf/of2013-1260.pdf"},{"id":278518,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1260/pdf/of2013-1260_Plate1.pdf"},{"id":278519,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1260/pdf/of2013-1260_Plate2.pdf"},{"id":278520,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1260/pdf/of2013-1260_Plate3.pdf"},{"id":278516,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1260/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Stanislaus National Forest;Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.319948,37.550566 ], [ -120.319948,38.250044 ], [ -119.629869,38.250044 ], [ -119.629869,37.550566 ], [ -120.319948,37.550566 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5270cafbe4b0f7a10664c770","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048578,"text":"fs20133099 - 2013 - Hurricane Sandy science plan: coastal topographic and bathymetric data to support hurricane impact assessment and response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T09:30:44","indexId":"fs20133099","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-24T10:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3099","title":"Hurricane Sandy science plan: coastal topographic and bathymetric data to support hurricane impact assessment and response","docAbstract":"Hurricane Sandy devastated some of the most heavily populated eastern coastal areas of the Nation. With a storm surge peaking at more than 19 feet, the powerful landscape-altering destruction of Hurricane Sandy is a stark reminder of why the Nation must become more resilient to coastal hazards. In response to this natural disaster, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) received a total of $41.2 million in supplemental appropriations from the Department of the Interior (DOI) to support response, recovery, and rebuilding efforts. These funds support a science plan that will provide critical scientific information necessary to inform management decisions for recovery of coastal communities, and aid in preparation for future natural hazards. This science plan is designed to coordinate continuing USGS activities with stakeholders and other agencies to improve data collection and analysis that will guide recovery and restoration efforts. The science plan is split into five distinct themes:
\n• Coastal topography and bathymetry
\n• Impacts to coastal beaches and barriers
\n• Impacts of storm surge, including disturbed estuarine and bay hydrology
\n• Impacts on environmental quality and persisting contaminant exposures
\n• Impacts to coastal ecosystems, habitats, and fish and wildlife This fact sheet focuses on coastal topography and bathymetry.
This fact sheet focuses on coastal topography and bathymetry.
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\n• Impacts on environmental quality and persisting contaminant exposures
\n• Impacts to coastal ecosystems, habitats, and fish and wildlife
This fact sheet focuses on assessing impacts on environmental quality and persisting contaminant exposures.
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This fact sheet focuses on assessing impacts of storm surge, including disturbed estuarine and bay hydrology.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133092","usgsCitation":"Caskie, S.A., 2013, Hurricane Sandy science plan: impacts of storm surge, including disturbed estuarine and bay hydrology: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3092, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133092.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":459,"text":"Natural Hazards Mission Area","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133092.gif"},{"id":278356,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3092/pdf/fs2013-3092.pdf"},{"id":278357,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3092/"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Coast and eastern states","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.91015624999999,\n 27.955591004642553\n ],\n [\n -97.91015624999999,\n 26.23430203240673\n ],\n [\n -94.1748046875,\n 29.11377539511439\n ],\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -90.43945312500001,\n 28.57487404744697\n ],\n [\n -89.1650390625,\n 28.65203063036226\n ],\n [\n -88.330078125,\n 29.11377539511439\n ],\n [\n -88.1982421875,\n 29.7643773751631\n ],\n [\n -88.02246093750001,\n 29.99300228455108\n ],\n [\n -87.0556640625,\n 29.99300228455108\n ],\n [\n -86.044921875,\n 29.72622231939548\n ],\n [\n -85.25390625,\n 29.305561325527698\n ],\n [\n -84.55078125,\n 28.998531814051795\n ],\n [\n -83.8037109375,\n 29.267232865200853\n ],\n [\n -83.27636718749999,\n 28.921631282421266\n ],\n [\n -83.3642578125,\n 27.994401411046148\n ],\n [\n -82.177734375,\n 24.206889622398023\n ],\n [\n -80.8154296875,\n 24.44714958973082\n ],\n [\n -79.7607421875,\n 25.20494115356912\n ],\n [\n -79.541015625,\n 27.137368359795584\n ],\n [\n -79.8486328125,\n 28.14950321154457\n ],\n [\n -80.15625000000001,\n 28.921631282421266\n ],\n [\n -80.8154296875,\n 30.29701788337205\n ],\n [\n -80.63964843750001,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n -77.95898437499999,\n 33.54139466898275\n ],\n [\n -75.498046875,\n 34.95799531086792\n ],\n [\n -74.92675781249999,\n 35.746512259918504\n ],\n [\n -75.5419921875,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -74.267578125,\n 39.027718840211605\n ],\n [\n -71.19140625,\n 41.31082388091818\n ],\n [\n -72.59765625,\n 41.50857729743935\n ],\n [\n -74.00390625,\n 41.1455697310095\n ],\n [\n -75.1025390625,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -76.5087890625,\n 39.605688178320804\n ],\n [\n -77.0361328125,\n 38.61687046392973\n ],\n [\n -76.9482421875,\n 37.50972584293751\n ],\n [\n -76.9921875,\n 35.31736632923788\n ],\n [\n -79.5849609375,\n 33.578014746143985\n ],\n [\n -80.85937499999999,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -82.001953125,\n 31.278550858946506\n ],\n [\n -80.33203125,\n 26.43122806450644\n ],\n [\n -80.9033203125,\n 25.997549919572084\n ],\n [\n -81.34277343749999,\n 26.470573022375056\n ],\n [\n -83.408203125,\n 30.637912028341123\n ],\n [\n -88.1982421875,\n 30.864510226258336\n ],\n [\n -90.8349609375,\n 30.713503990354965\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 30.221101852485987\n ],\n [\n -93.0322265625,\n 30.41078179084589\n ],\n [\n -95.9326171875,\n 29.53522956294847\n ],\n [\n -97.91015624999999,\n 27.955591004642553\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"526a334ee4b0c0d229f9bdc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caskie, Sarah A. scaskie@usgs.gov","contributorId":5373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caskie","given":"Sarah","email":"scaskie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":485113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048572,"text":"fs20133089 - 2013 - Hurricane Sandy science plan: New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T17:38:05","indexId":"fs20133089","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-24T09:41:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3089","title":"Hurricane Sandy science plan: New York","docAbstract":"Hurricane Sandy is a stark reminder of why the Nation must become more resilient to coastal hazards. More than one-half of the U.S. population lives within 50 miles of a coast, and this number is increasing.\n\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is one of the largest providers of geologic and hydrologic information in the world. Federal, State, and local partners depend on the USGS science to know how to prepare for hurricane hazards and reduce losses from future hurricanes. The USGS works closely with other bureaus within the Department of the Interior, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Environmental Protection Agency, and many State and local agencies to identify their information needs before, during, and after hurricanes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133089","usgsCitation":"Ransom, C.N., 2013, Hurricane Sandy science plan: New York: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3089, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133089.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":459,"text":"Natural Hazards Mission Area","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278353,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3089/"},{"id":278354,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3089/pdf/fs2013-3089.pdf"},{"id":278355,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133089.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.7625,40.4774 ], [ -79.7625,45.0159 ], [ -71.8537,45.0159 ], [ -71.8537,40.4774 ], [ -79.7625,40.4774 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"526a3362e4b0c0d229f9bdce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ransom, Clarice N.","contributorId":58552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ransom","given":"Clarice","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048571,"text":"ofr20131258 - 2013 - Transient calibration of a groundwater-flow model of Chimacum Creek Basin and vicinity, Jefferson County, Washington: a supplement to Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5160","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T18:01:01","indexId":"ofr20131258","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-24T09:16:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1258","title":"Transient calibration of a groundwater-flow model of Chimacum Creek Basin and vicinity, Jefferson County, Washington: a supplement to Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5160","docAbstract":"A steady-state groundwater-flow model described in Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5160, ”Numerical Simulation of the Groundwater-Flow System in Chimacum Creek Basin and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Washington” was developed to evaluate potential future impacts of growth and of water-management strategies on water resources in the Chimacum Creek Basin. This supplement to that report describes the unsuccessful attempt to perform a calibration to transient conditions on the model. The modeled area is about 64 square miles on the Olympic Peninsula in northeastern Jefferson County, Washington. The geologic setting for the model area is that of unconsolidated deposits of glacial and interglacial origin typical of the Puget Sound Lowlands. The hydrogeologic units representing aquifers are Upper Aquifer (UA, roughly corresponding to recessional outwash) and Lower Aquifer (LA, roughly corresponding to advance outwash). Recharge from precipitation is the dominant source of water to the aquifer system; discharge is primarily to marine waters below sea level and to Chimacum Creek and its tributaries.\n\nThe model is comprised of a grid of 245 columns and 313 rows; cells are a uniform 200 feet per side. There are six model layers, each representing one hydrogeologic unit: (1) Upper Confining unit (UC); (2) Upper Aquifer unit (UA); (3) Middle Confining unit (MC); (4) Lower Aquifer unit (LA); (5) Lower Confining unit (LC); and (6) Bedrock unit (OE). The transient simulation period (October 1994–September 2009) was divided into 180 monthly stress periods to represent temporal variations in recharge, discharge, and storage.\n\nAn attempt to calibrate the model to transient conditions was unsuccessful due to instabilities stemming from oscillations in groundwater discharge to and recharge from streamflow in Chimacum Creek. The model as calibrated to transient conditions has mean residuals and standard errors of 0.06 ft ±0.45 feet for groundwater levels and 0.48 ± 0.06 cubic feet per second for flows. Although the expected seasonal trends were observed in model results, the typical observed annual variation of groundwater levels of about 2 feet was not. Streamflow at the most downstream observation point was about three times larger than simulated streamflow. Because the transient version of the model proved inherently unstable, it was not used to simulate forecast conditions for alternate hydrologic or anthropogenic changes. Adaptation of alternate stream simulation packages, such as RIV, or newer versions of MODFLOW, such as MODFLOW-NWT, could possibly assist with achieving calibration to transient conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131258","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Jefferson County and the Washington State Department of Ecology","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.L., and Johnson, K.H., 2013, Transient calibration of a groundwater-flow model of Chimacum Creek Basin and vicinity, Jefferson County, Washington: a supplement to Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5160: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1258, vi, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131258.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278350,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131258.PNG"},{"id":278348,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1258/pdf/ofr2013-1258.pdf"},{"id":278349,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1258/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Chimacum Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.846987,47.927651 ], [ -122.846987,48.0685 ], [ -122.677922,48.0685 ], [ -122.677922,47.927651 ], [ -122.846987,47.927651 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"526a3365e4b0c0d229f9bde6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Joseph L. jljones@usgs.gov","contributorId":3492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Joseph","email":"jljones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Kenneth H. johnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kenneth","email":"johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048553,"text":"ofr20131221 - 2013 - Chuckwalla Valley multiple-well monitoring site, Chuckwalla Valley, Riverside County","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T17:54:58","indexId":"ofr20131221","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-22T08:52:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1221","title":"Chuckwalla Valley multiple-well monitoring site, Chuckwalla Valley, Riverside County","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, is evaluating the geohydrology and water availability of the Chuckwalla Valley, California. As part of this evaluation, the USGS installed the Chuckwalla Valley multiple-well monitoring site (CWV1) in the southeastern portion of the Chuckwalla Basin. Data collected at this site provide information about the geology, hydrology, geophysics, and geochemistry of the local aquifer system, thus enhancing the understanding of the geohydrologic framework of the Chuckwalla Valley. This report presents construction information for the CWV1 multiple-well monitoring site and initial geohydrologic data collected from the site.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131221","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Bureau of Land Management, California Desert District","usgsCitation":"Everett, R., 2013, Chuckwalla Valley multiple-well monitoring site, Chuckwalla Valley, Riverside County: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1221, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131221.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041881","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131221.jpg"},{"id":278308,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1221/"},{"id":278309,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1221/pdf/ofr2013-1221.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Chuckwalla Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.9982,33.1941 ], [ -115.9982,34.0801 ], [ -114.4349,34.0801 ], [ -114.4349,33.1941 ], [ -115.9982,33.1941 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52679052e4b0c24c90856d72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Everett, Rhett R. 0000-0001-7983-6270 reverett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7983-6270","contributorId":843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Everett","given":"Rhett R.","email":"reverett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048526,"text":"70048526 - 2013 - Evaluation of Pleistocene groundwater flow through fractured tuffs using a U-series disequilibrium approach, Pahute Mesa, Nevada, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-30T10:53:03","indexId":"70048526","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-21T13:44:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of Pleistocene groundwater flow through fractured tuffs using a U-series disequilibrium approach, Pahute Mesa, Nevada, USA","docAbstract":"Groundwater flow through fractured felsic tuffs and lavas at the Nevada National Security Site represents the most likely mechanism for transport of radionuclides away from underground nuclear tests at Pahute Mesa. To help evaluate fracture flow and matrix–water exchange, we have determined U-series isotopic compositions on more than 40 drill core samples from 5 boreholes that represent discrete fracture surfaces, breccia zones, and interiors of unfractured core. The U-series approach relies on the disruption of radioactive secular equilibrium between isotopes in the uranium-series decay chain due to preferential mobilization of 234U relative to 238U, and U relative to Th. Samples from discrete fractures were obtained by milling fracture surfaces containing thin secondary mineral coatings of clays, silica, Fe–Mn oxyhydroxides, and zeolite. Intact core interiors and breccia fragments were sampled in bulk. In addition, profiles of rock matrix extending 15 to 44 mm away from several fractures that show evidence of recent flow were analyzed to investigate the extent of fracture/matrix water exchange. Samples of rock matrix have 234U/238U and 230Th/238U activity ratios (AR) closest to radioactive secular equilibrium indicating only small amounts of groundwater penetrated unfractured matrix. Greater U mobility was observed in welded-tuff matrix with elevated porosity and in zeolitized bedded tuff. Samples of brecciated core were also in secular equilibrium implying a lack of long-range hydraulic connectivity in these cases. Samples of discrete fracture surfaces typically, but not always, were in radioactive disequilibrium. Many fractures had isotopic compositions plotting near the 230Th-234U 1:1 line indicating a steady-state balance between U input and removal along with radioactive decay. Numerical simulations of U-series isotope evolution indicate that 0.5 to 1 million years are required to reach steady-state compositions. Once attained, disequilibrium 234U/238U and 230Th/238U AR values can be maintained indefinitely as long as hydrological and geochemical processes remain stable. Therefore, many Pahute Mesa fractures represent stable hydrologic pathways over million-year timescales. A smaller number of samples have non-steady-state compositions indicating transient conditions in the last several hundred thousand years. In these cases, U mobility is dominated by overall gains rather than losses of U.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.08.043","usgsCitation":"Paces, J.B., Nichols, P.J., Neymark, L.A., and Rajaram, H., 2013, Evaluation of Pleistocene groundwater flow through fractured tuffs using a U-series disequilibrium approach, Pahute Mesa, Nevada, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 358, p. 101-118, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.08.043.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"118","ipdsId":"IP-042487","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278303,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278299,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.08.043"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pahute Mesa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.245064,36.834569 ], [ -117.245064,38.186926 ], [ -115.957947,38.186926 ], [ -115.957947,36.834569 ], [ -117.245064,36.834569 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"358","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52663ee6e4b0992695a7f440","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paces, James B. 0000-0002-9809-8493 jbpaces@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":2514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"James","email":"jbpaces@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, Paul J.","contributorId":87057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neymark, Leonid A. lneymark@usgs.gov","contributorId":532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"Leonid","email":"lneymark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rajaram, Harihar","contributorId":61328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rajaram","given":"Harihar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048509,"text":"ofr20131248 - 2013 - Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Powerhouse fire, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T17:58:46","indexId":"ofr20131248","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-18T12:36:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1248","title":"Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Powerhouse fire, southern California","docAbstract":"Wildfire dramatically alters the hydrologic response of a watershed such that even modest rainstorms can produce dangerous flash floods and debris flows. Existing empirical models were used to predict the probability and magnitude of debris-flow occurrence in response to a 10-year recurrence interval rainstorm for the 2013 Powerhouse fire near Lancaster, California. Overall, the models predict a relatively low probability for debris-flow occurrence in response to the design storm. However, volumetric predictions suggest that debris flows that occur may entrain a significant volume of material, with 44 of the 73 basins identified as having potential debris-flow volumes between 10,000 and 100,000 cubic meters. These results suggest that even though the likelihood of debris flow is relatively low, the consequences of post-fire debris-flow initiation within the burn area may be significant for downstream populations, infrastructure, and wildlife and water resources. Given these findings, we recommend that residents, emergency managers, and public works departments pay close attention to weather forecasts and National-Weather-Service-issued Debris Flow and Flash Flood Outlooks, Watches, and Warnings and that residents adhere to any evacuation orders.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131248","usgsCitation":"Staley, D.M., Smoczyk, G.M., and Reeves, R.R., 2013, Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Powerhouse fire, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1248, Report: iv, 13 p.; 3 Plates: 22.09 x 30.38 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131248.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 13 p.; 3 Plates: 22.09 x 30.38 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051194","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131248.gif"},{"id":278238,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1248/"},{"id":278260,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1248/pdf/OFR13-1248_plate2.pdf"},{"id":278261,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1248/pdf/OFR13-1248_plate3.pdf"},{"id":278258,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1248/pdf/OFR13-1248.pdf"},{"id":278259,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1248/pdf/OFR13-1248_plate1.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Lancaster","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.574753,34.574288 ], [ -118.574753,34.769961 ], [ -118.346786,34.769961 ], [ -118.346786,34.574288 ], [ -118.574753,34.574288 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52624a66e4b079a99629a0dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smoczyk, Gregory M. 0000-0002-6591-4060 gsmoczyk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-4060","contributorId":5239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoczyk","given":"Gregory","email":"gsmoczyk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reeves, Ryan R. rreeves@usgs.gov","contributorId":4993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Ryan","email":"rreeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048510,"text":"ofr20131249 - 2013 - Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Mountain fire, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T18:11:32","indexId":"ofr20131249","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-18T12:32:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1249","title":"Emergency assessment of post-fire debris-flow hazards for the 2013 Mountain fire, southern California","docAbstract":"Wildfire dramatically alters the hydrologic response of a watershed such that even modest rainstorms can produce dangerous flash floods and debris flows. We use empirical models to predict the probability and magnitude of debris flow occurrence in response to a 10-year rainstorm for the 2013 Mountain fire near Palm Springs, California. Overall, the models predict a relatively high probability (60–100 percent) of debris flow for six of the drainage basins in the burn area in response to a 10-year recurrence interval design storm. Volumetric predictions suggest that debris flows that occur may entrain a significant volume of material, with 8 of the 14 basins identified as having potential debris-flow volumes greater than 100,000 cubic meters. These results suggest there is a high likelihood of significant debris-flow hazard within and downstream of the burn area for nearby populations, infrastructure, and wildlife and water resources. 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This study documents Dyke Marsh erosion rates from the early-1860s to the present during pre-mining, mining, and post-mining phases. From the late-1930s to the mid-1970s, Dyke Marsh and the adjacent shallow riverbottom were mined for gravel, resulting in a ~55 % initial loss of area. Marsh loss continued during the post-mining phase (1976–2012). Causes of post-mining loss were unknown, but were thought to include Potomac River flooding. Post-mining areal-erosion rates increased from 0.138 ha yr−1 (~0.37 ac yr−1) to 0.516 ha yr−1(~1.67 ac yr−1), and shoreline-erosion rates increased from 0.76 m yr−1 (~2.5 ft yr−1) to 2.60 m yr−1 (~8.5 ft yr−1). Results suggest the accelerating post-mining erosion reflects a process-driven feedback loop, enabled by the marsh's severely-altered geomorphic and hydrologic baseline system; the primary post-mining degradation process is wave-induced erosion from northbound cyclonic storms. Dyke Marsh erosion rates are now comparable to, or exceed, rates for proximal coastal marshes in the same region. Persistent and accelerated erosion of marshland long after cessation of mining illustrates the long-term, and potentially devastating, effects that temporally-restricted, anthropogenic destabilization can have on estuarine marsh systems.
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\"}}]}","volume":"33","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b3ce4b0764e6c65dc61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Litwin, Ronald J. 0000-0002-8661-1296 rlitwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8661-1296","contributorId":2478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litwin","given":"Ronald","email":"rlitwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smoot, Joseph P. 0000-0002-5064-8070 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Ben","contributorId":192895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helwig","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Santucci, Vincent L.","contributorId":192886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santucci","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sanders, Geoffrey","contributorId":192885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70147937,"text":"70147937 - 2013 - Links between climate change, water-table depth, and water chemistry in a mineralized mountain watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T10:45:24","indexId":"70147937","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Links between climate change, water-table depth, and water chemistry in a mineralized mountain watershed","docAbstract":"Recent studies suggest that climate change is causing rising solute concentrations in mountain lakes and streams. These changes may be more pronounced in mineralized watersheds due to the sensitivity of sulfide weathering to changes in subsurface oxygen transport. Specific causal mechanisms linking climate change and accelerated weathering rates have been proposed, but in general remain entirely hypothetical. For mineralized watersheds, a favored hypothesis is that falling water tables caused by declining recharge rates allow an increasing volume of sulfide-bearing rock to become exposed to air, thus oxygen. Here, we test the hypothesis that falling water tables are the primary cause of an increase in metals and SO4 (100-400%) observed since 1980 in the Upper Snake River (USR), Colorado. The USR drains an alpine watershed geologically and climatologically representative of many others in mineralized areas of the western U.S. Hydrologic and chemical data collected from 2005 to 2011 in a deep monitoring well (WP1) at the top of the USR watershed are utilized. During this period, both water table depths and groundwater SO4 concentrations have generally increased in the well. A numerical model was constructed using TOUGHREACT that simulates pyrite oxidation near WP1, including groundwater flow and oxygen transport in both saturated and unsaturated zones. The modeling suggests that a falling water table could produce an increase in metals and SO4 of a magnitude similar to that observed in the USR (up to 300%). Future water table declines may produce limited increases in sulfide weathering high in the watershed because of the water table dropping below the depth of oxygen penetration, but may continue to enhance sulfide weathering lower in the watershed where water tables are shallower. Advective air (oxygen) transport in the unsaturated zone caused by seasonally variable recharge and associated water table fluctuations was found to have little influence on pyrite oxidation rates near WP1. However, this mechanism could be important in the case of a shallow dynamic water table and more abundant/reactive sulfides in the shallow subsurface. Data from WP1 and numerical modeling results are thus consistent with the falling water table hypothesis, and illustrate fundamental processes linking climate and sulfide weathering in mineralized watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.07.002","usgsCitation":"Manning, A.H., Verplanck, P.L., Caine, J.S., and Todd, A.S., 2013, Links between climate change, water-table depth, and water chemistry in a mineralized mountain watershed: Applied Geochemistry, v. 37, p. 64-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.07.002.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044072","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2b6e4b0a92fa7e93bf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Todd, Andrew S. atodd@usgs.gov","contributorId":1022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Andrew","email":"atodd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70129606,"text":"70129606 - 2013 - Temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes at the Norman Landfill site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-24T10:18:38","indexId":"70129606","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes at the Norman Landfill site","docAbstract":"The temporal variability observed in redox sensitive species in groundwater can be attributed to coupled hydrological, geochemical, and microbial processes. These controlling processes are typically nonstationary, and distributed across various time scales. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate biogeochemical data sets from a municipal landfill site to identify the dominant modes of variation and determine the physical controls that become significant at different time scales. Data on hydraulic head, specific conductance, δ2H, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, and nonvolatile dissolved organic carbon were collected between 1998 and 2000 at three wells at the Norman Landfill site in Norman, OK. Wavelet analysis on this geochemical data set indicates that variations in concentrations of reactive and conservative solutes are strongly coupled to hydrologic variability (water table elevation and precipitation) at 8 month scales, and to individual eco-hydrogeologic framework (such as seasonality of vegetation, surface-groundwater dynamics) at 16 month scales. Apart from hydrologic variations, temporal variability in sulfate concentrations can be associated with different sources (FeS cycling, recharge events) and sinks (uptake by vegetation) depending on the well location and proximity to the leachate plume. Results suggest that nitrate concentrations show multiscale behavior across temporal scales for different well locations, and dominant variability in dissolved organic carbon for a closed municipal landfill can be larger than 2 years due to its decomposition and changing content. A conceptual framework that explains the variability in chemical concentrations at different time scales as a function of hydrologic processes, site-specific interactions, and/or coupled biogeochemical effects is also presented.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wrcr.20484","usgsCitation":"Arora, B., Mohanty, B., McGuire, J.T., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2013, Temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes at the Norman Landfill site: Water Resources Research, v. 49, no. 10, p. 6909-6926, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20484.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"6909","endPage":"6926","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-045237","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20484","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":295712,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295704,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20484"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","city":"Norman","volume":"49","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b6a31e4b03653c63fb1e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arora, Bhavna","contributorId":66191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arora","given":"Bhavna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mohanty, Binayak P.","contributorId":52509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohanty","given":"Binayak P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, Jennifer T.","contributorId":42155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70146525,"text":"70146525 - 2013 - Complex resistivity signatures of ethanol biodegradation in porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-17T15:51:53","indexId":"70146525","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complex resistivity signatures of ethanol biodegradation in porous media","docAbstract":"Numerous adverse effects are associated with the accidental release of ethanol (EtOH) and its persistence in the subsurface. Geophysical techniques may permit non-invasive, real time monitoring of microbial degradation of hydrocarbon. We performed complex resistivity (CR) measurements in conjunction with geochemical data analysis on three microbial-stimulated and two control columns to investigate changes in electrical properties during EtOH biodegradation processes in porous media. A Debye Decomposition approach was applied to determine the chargeability (m), normalized chargeability (mn) and time constant (τ) of the polarization magnitude and relaxation length scale as a function of time. The CR responses showed a clear distinction between the bioaugmented and control columns in terms of real (σ′) and imaginary (σ″) conductivity, phase (ϕ) and apparent formation factor (Fapp). Unlike the control columns, a substantial decrease in σ′ and increase in Fapp occurred at an early time (within 4 days) of the experiment for all three bioaugmented columns. The observed decrease in σ′ is opposite to previous studies on hydrocarbon biodegradation. These columns also exhibited increases in ϕ (up to ~ 9 mrad) and σ″ (up to two order of magnitude higher) 5 weeks after microbial inoculation. Variations in m and mn were consistent with temporal changes in ϕ and σ″ responses, respectively. Temporal geochemical changes and high resolution scanning electron microscopy imaging corroborated the CR findings, thus indicating the sensitivity of CR measurements to EtOH biodegradation processes. Our results offer insight into the potential application of CR measurements for long-term monitoring of biogeochemical and mineralogical changes during intrinsic and induced EtOH biodegradation in the subsurface.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.07.005","usgsCitation":"Personna, Y.R., Slater, L., Ntarlagiannis, D., Werkema, D.D., and Szabo, Z., 2013, Complex resistivity signatures of ethanol biodegradation in porous media: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 153, p. 37-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.07.005.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048879","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"153","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55322ec3e4b0b22a158063db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personna, Yves Robert","contributorId":77820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Personna","given":"Yves","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slater, Lee","contributorId":55707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slater","given":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios","contributorId":55303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ntarlagiannis","given":"Dimitrios","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Werkema, Dale D.","contributorId":40488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werkema","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Szabo, Zoltan 0000-0002-0760-9607 zszabo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":138827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Zoltan","email":"zszabo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}