The effects of climate change on the natural resources protected by Parks will likely be substantial, but geographically variable, due to local variation in climate trajectories and differences among ecosystems in their vulnerability to climate change. The projections of general circulation models (GCMs) indicate the possible magnitude and direction of future climate change for a region, but the utility of these projections for more local scales, those of individual National Park Service (NPS) units, are more uncertain because the coarse-scale GCMs lack much of the topographic detail that alters local climates. In addition, complex, interacting effects of temperature, precipitation, atmospheric CO2 concentrations, fire, and herbivores on the vegetation that is the foundational natural resource of many NPS units present challenges in assessing the effects of projected future climates on plant and animal assemblages managed by the NPS.
\nIn spring 2009, Wind Cave National Park (WICA) served as a case study in a workshop assessing the use of scenario planning as a tool for park management planning in the face of rapidly changing climate. One outcome of the workshop was the recognized need for quantitative models to better understand the range of possible vegetation changes under different future climates and management decisions. This report addresses this need; it describes our adaptation of a dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) to WICA vegetation and the resulting projections of future vegetation under three future climate scenarios and 11 management scenarios determined by Park natural resource managers.
\nWind Cave National Park lies along a narrow transition zone between the ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests of the Black Hills and the mixed grass prairie that once extended with few interruptions over the lower, gentler terrain, subject to warmer, drier climate to the east and south of the Park. The location and character of this transition is strongly influenced by fire frequency and intensity (Brown and Sieg 1999). Furthermore, the mixed grass prairie occupies a broader transition zone between eastern tallgrass prairie and the shortgrass prairie of the western Great Plains. The dominance of species characteristic of these two prairie types varies with soil moisture availability, evaporative demand, and recent grazing history (Cogan et al. 1999). In addition, Wind Cave lies near the midpoint of a long gradient of C3 (cool season) grass dominance to the north and C4 (warm season) grass dominance to the south.
\nThe ecotonal position of WICA may make it particularly sensitive to climate change. For example, small changes in fire frequency and/or intensity and the vigor of trees vs. grass could dramatically shift the proportions of these two lifeforms. The Park hydrology is also sensitive to changes in the balance between infiltration of precipitation and evapotranspiration, as on average, only a small fraction of annual precipitation reaches the deeper soil layers that feed permanent streamflow. The resources at risk at Wind Cave NP include the Cave itself, as well as small backcountry caves, a genetically important bison herd, and other prairie species including the black-tailed prairie dog and endangered black-footed ferrets. All of these resources will be directly affected by climate change impacts on vegetation and hydrology.
\nNatural resource management challenges at WICA are substantial, diverse, and intertwined. Aboveground, the park has been recognized as exemplary for its high quality vegetation (Marriot et al. 1999), though the park is relatively small for the diversity of vegetation types and species that it supports. Even without a changing climate, maintaining the integrity of the plant communities is complicated by the park’s legislated responsibility to maintain viable populations of bison, elk and pronghorn. In addition, the federally endangered black-footed ferret was recently re-introduced to the park. This species requires large extents of prairie dog towns for prey and habitat. Prairie dogs impact vegetation by constant clipping, grazing and soil disturbance, thereby affecting plant composition and productivity. Moreover, naturally high interannual climate variability and the strong influence of precipitation on grass productivity in this region combine to yield high interannual variability in the amount of forage available for the wildlife that the park is tasked to maintain. Finally, fire, which is now primarily controlled by WICA and NPS Northern Great Plains fire management programs, is intertwined with all other natural resource issues at WICA, as it can impact prairie dog colony and forest expansion, ungulate foraging behavior, invasive plant species, and hydrological processes.
\nAlthough not capable of capturing all of these complexities, dynamic vegetation models do provide a means for quantitatively projecting vegetation futures in future climates under plausible fire and grazing regimes. Our work uses the DGVM MC1 to simulate the effects of future climate projections and management practices on the vegetation of WICA. MC1 is designed to project potential vegetation as influenced by natural processes and hence is appropriate for national parks, where conservation of native biota and ecosystems is of great importance.
\nSince the initial application of MC1 to a small portion of WICA (Bachelet et al. 2000), the model has been altered to improve model performance with the inclusion of dynamic fire. Applying this improved version to WICA required substantial recalibration, during which we have made a number of improvements to MC1 that will be incorporated as permanent changes. In this report we document these changes and our calibration procedure following a brief overview of the model. We compare the projections of current vegetation to the current state of the park and present projections of vegetation dynamics under future climates downscaled from three GCMs selected to represent the existing range in available GCM projections. In doing so, we examine the consequences of different management options regarding fire and grazing, major aspects of biotic management at Wind Cave.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"King, D.A., Bachelet, D.M., and Symstad, A., 2013, Vegetation projections for Wind Cave National Park with three future climate scenarios: Final report in completion of Task Agreement J8W07100052: National Park Service Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/WICA/NRTRT--2013/681, x, 58 p.","productDescription":"x, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"73","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041469","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":383826,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2192953"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Wind Cave National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.550635,43.497251 ], [ -103.550635,43.640543 ], [ -103.337034,43.640543 ], [ -103.337034,43.497251 ], [ -103.550635,43.497251 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f78eede4b02e26443a93d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, David A.","contributorId":7160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bachelet, Dominique M.","contributorId":89042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachelet","given":"Dominique","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Symstad, Amy J.","contributorId":11721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symstad","given":"Amy J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70095609,"text":"70095609 - 2013 - Mount Rainier National Park and Olympic National Park elk monitoring program annual report 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T15:47:32","indexId":"70095609","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:28:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":52,"text":"Natural Resource Data Series","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NCCN/NRDS-2013/437","title":"Mount Rainier National Park and Olympic National Park elk monitoring program annual report 2011","docAbstract":"Fiscal year 2011 was the first year of implementing an approved elk monitoring protocol in \nMount Rainier (MORA) and Olympic (OLYM) National Parks in the North Coast and Cascades \nNetwork (NCCN) (Griffin et al. 2012). However, it was the fourth and second year of gathering \ndata according to protocol in MORA and OLYM respectively; data gathered during the protocol \ndevelopment phase followed procedures that are laid out in the protocol. Elk monitoring in these \nlarge wilderness parks relies on aerial surveys from a helicopter. Summer surveys are intended to \nprovide quantitative estimates of abundance, sex and age composition, and distribution of \nmigratory elk in high elevation trend count areas.
\nAn unknown number of elk is not detected during surveys; however the protocol estimates the \nnumber of missed elk by applying a model that accounts for detection bias. Detection bias in elk \nsurveys in MORA is estimated using a double-observer sightability model that was developed \nusing survey data from 2008-2010 (Griffin et al. 2012). That model was developed using elk that \nwere previously equipped with radio collars by cooperating tribes. At the onset of protocol \ndevelopment in OLYM there were no existing radio-collars on elk. Consequently the majority of \nthe effort in OLYM in the past 4 years has been focused on capturing and radio-collaring elk and \nconducting sightability trials needed to develop a double-observer sightability model in OLYM. \nIn this annual report we provide estimates of abundance and composition for MORA elk, raw \ncounts of elk made in OLYM, and describe sightability trials conducted in OLYM.
\nAt MORA the North trend count area was surveyed twice and the South once (North Rainier \nherd, and South Rainier herd). We counted 373 and 267 elk during two replicate surveys of the \nNorth Rainier herd, and 535 elk in the South Rainier herd. Using the model, we estimated that \n413 and 320 elk were in the North and 652 elk were in the South trend count areas during the \ntime of the respective surveys.
\nAt OLYM, the Core and Northwest trend count areas were completely surveyed, as were \nportions of the Quinault. In addition, we surveyed 10 survey units specifically to get resight data. \nTwo-hundred and forty eight elk were counted in the Core, 19 in the Northwest, and 169 in the \nQuinault. We conducted double-observer sightability trials associated with 14 collared elk \ngroups for use in developing the double-observer sightability model for OLYM.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Happe, P.J., Reid, M., Griffin, P., Jenkins, K.J., Vales, D.J., Moeller, B.J., Tirhi, M., and McCorquodale, S., 2013, Mount Rainier National Park and Olympic National Park elk monitoring program annual report 2011: Natural Resource Data Series NPS/NCCN/NRDS-2013/437, ix, 21 p.","productDescription":"ix, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"34","ipdsId":"IP-043404","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287635,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://data.doi.gov/dataset/mount-rainier-national-park-and-olympic-national-park-elk-monitoring-program-annual-report-5c94a"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.921037,46.707817 ], [ -121.921037,47.001077 ], [ -121.442875,47.001077 ], [ -121.442875,46.707817 ], [ -121.921037,46.707817 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b3f9e4b09e18fc023a6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Happe, Patricia J.","contributorId":50983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Happe","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16133,"text":"National Park Service, Olympic National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":491317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, Mason","contributorId":51639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Mason","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffin, Paul C.","contributorId":7802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenkins, Kurt J. 0000-0003-1415-6607 kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-6607","contributorId":3415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Kurt","email":"kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vales, David J.","contributorId":74662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vales","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moeller, Barbara J.","contributorId":87446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moeller","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tirhi, Michelle","contributorId":28168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tirhi","given":"Michelle","affiliations":[{"id":13269,"text":"Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":491315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCorquodale, Scott","contributorId":28515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCorquodale","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70046960,"text":"70046960 - 2013 - Identification of metrics to monitor salt marsh integrity on National Wildlife Refuges in relation to conservation and management objectives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T15:52:10","indexId":"70046960","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:25:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Identification of metrics to monitor salt marsh integrity on National Wildlife Refuges in relation to conservation and management objectives","docAbstract":"Most salt marshes in the US have been degraded by human activities, and threats from physical alterations, surrounding land-use, species invasions, and global climate change persist. Salt marshes are unique and highly productive ecosystems with high intrinsic value to wildlife, and many National Wildlife Refuges (NWRs) have been established in coastal areas to protect large tracts of salt marsh and wetland-dependent species. Various management practices are employed routinely on coastal NWRs to restore and enhance marsh integrity and ensure ecosystem sustainability. Prioritizing NWR salt marshes for application of management actions and choosing among multiple management options requires scientifically-based methods for assessing marsh condition.
\nMonitoring is integral to structured decision-making (SDM), a formal process for decomposing a decision into its essential elements. Within a natural resource context, SDM involves identifying management objectives, alternative management actions, and expected management outcomes. The core of SDM is a set of criteria for measuring system performance and evaluating management responses. Therefore, use of SDM to frame natural resource decisions leads to logical selection of monitoring attributes that are linked explicitly to management needs.
\nWe used SDM to guide selection of variables for monitoring the ecological integrity of salt marshes within the National Wildlife Refuge System (NWRS). Our objectives were to identify indicators of salt marsh integrity that are effective across large geographic regions, responsive to a wide range of threats, and feasible to implement within funding and staffing constraints of the NWRS. In April, 2008, we engaged interdisciplinary experts in a week-long rapid prototyping SDM workshop to define the essential elements of salt marsh management decisions on refuges throughout the northeastern, southwestern, and northwestern US, corresponding to respective Regions 5, 2, and 1 of the US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). Through this process we identified measurable attributes for monitoring salt marsh ecosystems that are integrated into conservation practice and target management objectives.
\nThe following salt marsh attributes were identified through the SDM process either for describing state condition to determine management needs or for evaluating the achievement of management objectives: historical condition and geomorphic setting; ditch density; surrounding land use; ratio of open water area to vegetation area; rate of pesticide application; environmental contaminant concentration; change in marsh surface elevation relative to sea level rise; tidal range and groundwater level; surface topography; salinity; and species composition and abundance of vegetation, invasive species, invertebrates, nekton, and breeding and wintering birds.
\nThe identified attributes were too broadly defined to serve as operational monitoring variables. Therefore, we tested specific metrics for quantifying most of these attributes in summers of 2008 and 2009. The first four attributes in the above list can be characterized by office-based analysis of existing GIS data layers. The remaining attributes require field-based methods for assessment. We were forced to exclude a small number of attributes from field tests due to inconsistent data (pesticide application rate, environmental contaminant concentrations) or requirements that exceeded the scope of this project (change in marsh surface elevation; surface topography; benthic invertebrates; wintering birds). We evaluated potential metrics for evaluating all remaining field attributes.
\nIn partnership with NWRS biologists, we tested rapid versus intensive metrics for monitoring field attributes (tidal range and groundwater level; marsh surface elevation; salinity; and species composition and abundance of vegetation, invasive species, nekton, and breeding birds) at coastal refuges throughout FWS Region 5. Seven refuges participated in metric testing in 2008: Rachel Carson (ME), Parker River (MA), Wertheim (NY), E. B. Forsythe (NJ), Bombay Hook (DE), Prime Hook (DE), and Eastern Shore of Virginia Complex (VA). These seven and two additional refuges participated in metric testing in 2009: Rhode Island Complex (RI) and Stewart B. McKinney (CT). We based all field metrics on existing protocols for salt marsh assessment. Sampling locations were determined randomly within delineated marsh study units (MSUs) at each refuge. Detailed field methods are provided in appendices to this report.
\nMeasurements for individual metrics were averaged across samples within MSUs during each year of sampling. Each year, correlation or regression analysis was conducted on average measurements across MSUs within each attribute set to identify redundant metrics. Statistical redundancy between a pair of metrics within an attribute set (i.e., correlation or regression slopes with p-values < 0.05) was considered justification for eliminating one of the pair from the regional set of monitoring metrics. Decisions regarding metric elimination versus retention were based on feasibility of monitoring, considering such factors as sampling time, resources required, and potential for regional standardization in implementation.
\nThe result of these tests is a reduced suite of monitoring metrics that targets NWRS management decisions and is practicable for implementing on a regional scale. Based on these tests, we recommend the following list of metrics for monitoring integrity of NWRS salt marshes (marsh attribute category is in parentheses): (historical condition and geomorphic setting) position of marsh in the landscape, marsh shape, degree of fill and/or fragmentation, degree of tidal flushing, amount of aquatic edge; (ditch density) ranking of ditch density from none to severe; (surrounding land use) relative proportion of agricultural land in a 150-m buffer around the marsh, relative proportion of natural land in a 150-m buffer around the marsh, relative proportion of natural land in a 1-km buffer around the marsh; (ratio of open water area to vegetation area) ratio of open water to emergent herbaceous wetlands within the marsh; (marsh surface elevation) elevation referenced to NAVD88 in a representative area of the marsh; (tidal range and groundwater level) percent of time the marsh surface is flooded during deployment of a continuous water-level monitor at a representative marsh location, mean depth of surface flooding as measured by a continuous water-level monitor at a representative location; (salinity) salinity measured in surface water; (vegetation community) vegetation species richness using the point-intercept method in 100-m diameter survey plots, percent cover of various marsh community types within 100-m diameter survey plots; (invasive species abundance) percent cover of invasive plant species measured using the point-intercept method in 100-m diameter survey plots; (nekton community) nekton density, nekton species richness, length of Fundulus heteroclitus; (breeding bird community) abundance of Willets counted per point during standard call-broadcast surveys, summed abundance of tidal marsh obligate species (Clapper Rail, Willet, Saltmarsh Sparrow, Seaside Sparrow) counted per point during standard call-broadcast surveys. Metrics describing the historical condition, geomorphic setting, and broad landscape features can be assessed using existing GIS databases. Our results support use of rapid methods to assess the majority of field metrics; only those used to describe the nekton community must be measured using intensive methods (throw traps or ditch nets, dependant on habitat configuration).
\nImplementation of these metrics for quantitative assessment of NWRS salt marsh integrity in FWS Region 5 requires developing sampling designs for each refuge. Additionally, it is important to determine how the monitoring information will be used within a management context. SDM should be used to complete the analysis of salt marsh management decisions. The next steps would involve 1) prioritizing and weighting the management objectives; 2) predicting responses to individual management actions in terms of objectives and metrics; 3) using multiattribute utility theory to convert all measurable attributes to a common utility scale; 4) determining the total management benefit of each action by summing utilities across objectives; and 5) maximizing the total management benefits within cost constraints for each refuge. This process would allow the optimum management decisions for NWRS salt marshes to be selected and implemented based directly on monitoring data and current understanding of marsh responses to management actions. Monitoring the outcome of management actions would then allow new monitoring data to be incorporated into subsequent decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","collaboration":"Report submitted to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Region, Hadley, MA","usgsCitation":"Neckles, H.A., Guntenspergen, G.R., Shriver, W.G., Danz, N.P., Wiest, W.A., Nagel, J.L., and Olker, J., 2013, Identification of metrics to monitor salt marsh integrity on National Wildlife Refuges in relation to conservation and management objectives, x, 226 p.","productDescription":"x, 226 p.","numberOfPages":"240","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043211","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":326161,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/prodabs/pubpdfs/7828_Neckles.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge, Eastern Shore of Virginia National Wildlife Refuge Complex, E. 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hneckles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5662-2314","contributorId":3821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neckles","given":"Hilary","email":"hneckles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shriver, W. George","contributorId":97424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shriver","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Danz, Nicholas P.","contributorId":40898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danz","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiest, Whitney A.","contributorId":96589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiest","given":"Whitney","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nagel, Jessica L. 0000-0002-4437-0324 jnagel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4437-0324","contributorId":3976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagel","given":"Jessica","email":"jnagel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Olker, Jennifer H.","contributorId":80187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olker","given":"Jennifer H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70048985,"text":"gip153 - 2013 - Seafloor off Lighthouse Point Park, Santa Cruz, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T07:41:07","indexId":"gip153","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:19:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"153","title":"Seafloor off Lighthouse Point Park, Santa Cruz, California","docAbstract":"The seafloor off Lighthouse Point Park, Santa Cruz, California, \nis extremely varied, with sandy flats, boulder fields, faults, \nand complex bedrock ridges. These ridges support rich \nmarine ecosystems; some of them form the \"reefs\" that \nproduce world-class surf breaks. Colors indicate seafloor \ndepth, from red-orange (about 2 meters or 7 feet) to magenta \n(25 meters or 82 feet).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip153","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Golden, N., and Gibbons, H., 2013, Seafloor off Lighthouse Point Park, Santa Cruz, California: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 153, Postcard, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip153.","productDescription":"Postcard","ipdsId":"IP-045203","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284421,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0153/report.pdf"},{"id":283187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip153.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lighthouse Point Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.0405592726,36.9462484451 ], [ -122.0405592726,36.9528317072 ], [ -122.0241775862,36.9528317072 ], [ -122.0241775862,36.9462484451 ], [ -122.0405592726,36.9462484451 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd71a1e4b0b29085107cbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":2333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Golden, Nadine E. ngolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"Nadine E.","email":"ngolden@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gibbons, Helen hgibbons@usgs.gov","contributorId":912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Helen","email":"hgibbons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70058718,"text":"70058718 - 2013 - GEM Building Taxonomy (Version 2.0)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-14T16:05:45","indexId":"70058718","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:13:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":253,"text":"GEM Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"2013-02","title":"GEM Building Taxonomy (Version 2.0)","docAbstract":"This report documents the development and applications of the Building Taxonomy for the Global Earthquake Model (GEM). The purpose of the GEM Building Taxonomy is to describe and classify buildings in a uniform manner as a key step towards assessing their seismic risk, Criteria for development of the GEM Building Taxonomy were that the Taxonomy be relevant to seismic performance of different construction types; be comprehensive yet simple; be collapsible; adhere to principles that are familiar to the range of users; and ultimately be extensible to non-buildings and other hazards. The taxonomy was developed in conjunction with other GEM researchers and builds on the knowledge base from other taxonomies, including the EERI and IAEE World Housing Encyclopedia, PAGER-STR, and HAZUS.
\nThe taxonomy is organized as a series of expandable tables, which contain information pertaining to various building attributes. Each attribute describes a specific characteristic of an individual building or a class of buildings that could potentially affect their seismic performance. The following 13 attributes have been included in the GEM Building Taxonomy Version 2.0 (v2.0): 1.) direction, 2.)material of the lateral load-resisting system, 3.) lateral load-resisting system, 4.) height, 5.) date of construction of retrofit, 6.) occupancy, 7.) building position within a block, 8.) shape of the building plan, 9.) structural irregularity, 10.) exterior walls, 11.) roof, 12.) floor, 13.) foundation system.
\nThe report illustrates the pratical use of the GEM Building Taxonomy by discussing example case studies, in which the building-specific characteristics are mapped directly using GEM taxonomic attributes and the corresponding taxonomic string is constructed for that building, with \"/\" slash marks separating attributes. For example, for the building shown to the right, the GEM Taxonomy string is:
\nDX1/MUR+CLBRS+MOCL2/LWAL3/
\nDY/MUR+CLBRS+MOCL/LWAL/YPRE:19394/HEX:25/RES6
\n/7/8/IRRE9/10/RSH3+RWO211/FW12/13/
\nwhich can be read as (1) Direction = [DX or DY] (the building has the same lateral load-resisting system in both directions); (2) Material = [Unreinforced Masonry + solid fired clay bricks + cement: lime mortar]; (3) Lateral Load-Resisting System = [Wall]; (4) Date of construction = [pre-1939]; (5) Heaight = [exactly 2 storeys]; (6) Occupancy = [residential, unknown type]; (7) Building Position = [unknown = no entry]; (8) Shape of building plan = [unknown = no entry]; (9) Structural irregularity = [regular]; (10) Exterior walls = [unknown = no entry]; (11) Roof = [Shape: pitched and hipped, Roof covering: clay tiles, Roof system material: wood, Roof system type: wood trusses]; (12) Floor = [Floor system: Wood, unknown]; (13) Foundation = [unknown = no entry].
\nMapping of GEM Building Taxonomy to selected taxonomies is included in the report -- for example, the above building would be referenced by previous structural taxonomies as: PAGER-STR as UFB or UFB4, by the World Housing Encyclopedia as 7 or 8 and by the European Macroseismic Scale (98) as M5. The Building Taxonomy data model is highly flexible and has been incorporated within a relational database architecture. Due to its ability to represent building typologies using a shorthand form, it is also possible to use the taxonomy for non-database applications, and we discuss possible application of adaptation for Building Information Modelling (BIM) systems, and for the insurance industry.
\nThe GEM Building Taxonomy was independently evaluated and tested by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI), which received 217 TaxT reports from 49 countries, representing a wide range of building typologies, including single and multi-storey buildings, reinforced and unreinforced masonry, confined masonry, concrete, steel, wood, and earthern buildings used for residential, commercial, industrial, and educational occupancy. Based on these submissions and other feedback, the EERI team validated that the GEM Building Taxonomy is highly functional, robust and able to describe different buildings around the world.
\nThe GEM Building Taxonomy is accompanied by supplementary resources. All terms have been explained in a companion online Glossary, which provides both text and graphic descriptions. The Taxonomy is accompanied by TaxT, a computer application that enables a user record information about a building or a building typology using the attributes of the GEM Building Taxonomy v2.0. TaxT can generate a taxonomy string and enable a user to generate a report in PDF format which summarizes the attribute values (s)he has chosen as representative of the building typology under consideration.
\nThe report concludes with recommendations for future development of the GEM Building Taxonomy. Appendices provide the detailed GEM Building Taxonomy tables and additional resource, as well as mappings to other taxonomies.
","language":"English","publisher":"GEM Foundation","usgsCitation":"Brzev, S., Scawthorn, C., Charleson, A., Allen, L., Greene, M., Jaiswal, K., and Silva, V., 2013, GEM Building Taxonomy (Version 2.0) (Version 1.0): GEM Technical Report 2013-02, xiii, 163 p.","productDescription":"xiii, 163 p.","numberOfPages":"180","ipdsId":"IP-051658","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286344,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.globalquakemodel.org/resources/publications/technical-reports/gem-building-taxonomy-report/"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355943ae4b0120853e8bf91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brzev, S.","contributorId":47291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brzev","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scawthorn, C.","contributorId":65763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scawthorn","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charleson, A.W.","contributorId":23845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charleson","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, L.","contributorId":76225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Greene, M.","contributorId":85069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jaiswal, Kishor kjaiswal@usgs.gov","contributorId":861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaiswal","given":"Kishor","email":"kjaiswal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Silva, V.","contributorId":13136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70048487,"text":"70048487 - 2013 - Use and interpretation of climate envelope models: a practical guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-20T14:19:14","indexId":"70048487","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:06:52","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Use and interpretation of climate envelope models: a practical guide","docAbstract":"This guidebook is intended to provide a practical overview of climate envelope modeling for conservation \nprofessionals and natural resource managers. The material is intended for people with little background or \nexperience in climate envelope modeling who want to better understand and interpret models developed by \nothers and the results generated by such models, or want to do some modeling themselves. This is not an \nexhaustive review of climate envelope modeling, but rather a brief introduction to some key concepts in the \ndiscipline. Readers interested in a more in-depth treatment of much of the material presented here are referred \nto an excellent book, Mapping Species Distributions: Spatial Inference and Prediction by Janet Franklin. Also, a \nrecent review (Araújo & Peterson 2012) provides an excellent, though more technical, discussion of many of the \nissues dealt with here. Here we treat selected topics from a practical perspective, using minimal jargon to explain \nand illustrate some of the many issues that one has to be aware of when using climate envelope models. When \nwe do introduce specialized terminology in the guidebook, we bold the term when it is first used; a glossary of \nthese terms is included at the back of the guidebook.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Florida","publisherLocation":"Ft Lauderdale, FL","usgsCitation":"Watling, J., Brandt, L., Mazzotti, F., and Romañach, S., 2013, Use and interpretation of climate envelope models: a practical guide, 43 p.","productDescription":"43 p.","numberOfPages":"43","ipdsId":"IP-041827","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279198,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://crocdoc.ifas.ufl.edu/projects/climateenvelopemodeling/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"528c96bfe4b0c629af44de15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watling, James I.","contributorId":101963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watling","given":"James I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, Laura A.","contributorId":18608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandt","given":"Laura A.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":100018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":484815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Romañach, Stephanie S.","contributorId":76064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romañach","given":"Stephanie S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70058720,"text":"70058720 - 2013 - Metadata for selecting or submitting generic seismic vulnerability functions via GEM's vulnerability database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-14T15:10:07","indexId":"70058720","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:06:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"Metadata for selecting or submitting generic seismic vulnerability functions via GEM's vulnerability database","docAbstract":"This memo lays out a procedure for the GEM software to offer an available vulnerability function for any acceptable set of attributes that the user specifies for a particular building category. The memo also provides general guidelines on how to submit the vulnerability or fragility functions to the GEM vulnerability repository, stipulating which attributes modelers must provide so that their vulnerability or fragility functions can be queried appropriately by the vulnerability database. An important objective is to provide users guidance on limitations and applicability by providing the associated modeling assumptions and applicability of each vulnerability or fragility function.","language":"English","publisher":"GEM","usgsCitation":"Jaiswal, K., 2013, Metadata for selecting or submitting generic seismic vulnerability functions via GEM's vulnerability database (Version 2.0), iv, 12 p.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-045656","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286343,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286342,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nexus.globalquakemodel.org/gem-vulnerability/posts/metadata-for-selecting-or-submitting-vulnerability-fragility-functions-into-gem-vulnerability-database"}],"edition":"Version 2.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535594b5e4b0120853e8c07d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaiswal, Kishor kjaiswal@usgs.gov","contributorId":861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaiswal","given":"Kishor","email":"kjaiswal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70057592,"text":"70057592 - 2013 - Adaptive harvest management for the Svalbard population of pink-footed geese: briefing summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-11T15:21:55","indexId":"70057592","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:05:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Adaptive harvest management for the Svalbard population of pink-footed geese: briefing summary","docAbstract":"The African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement (AEWA; http://www.unep-aewa.org/) calls for means to manage populations which cause conflicts with certain human economic activities. The Svalbard population of the pink-footed goose has been selected as the first test case for such an international species management plan to be developed. This document describes progress to date on the development of an adaptive harvest management (AHM) strategy for maintaining pink-footed goose abundance near their target level by providing for sustainable harvasts in Norway and Denmark. This briefing supplements material provided in the Progress Summary distributed to the International Working Group on February 1, 2013.
\nWe emphasize that peer review is an essential aspect of the process of developing and implementing an AHM program for pink-footed geese, and we will continue to solicit reviews by the International Working Group and their staff, as well as scientists not engaged in this effort. We wish to make the Working Group aware the the following two manuscripts have been submitted recently to refereed journals and are available upon request from the senior authors:
\nJensen, G.H., J. Madsen, F.A. Johnson, and M. Tamstorf. Snow conditions as an estimator of the breeding output in high-Arctic pink-footed geese Anser brachyrhynchus. Polar Biology: In review.
\nJohnson, F.A., G.H. Jensen, J. Madsen, and B.K. Williams. Uncertainity, robustness, and the value of information in managing an expanding Arctic goose population. Ecological Modeling: In review.
\nIn addition to these manuscripts, the Progress Summary (February 1, 2013), and this Briefing Summary (April 23, 2013) an annual report will be produced in August 2013 and every summer thereafter. Additional manuscripts for journal publication are also anticipated.","language":"English","publisher":"AEWA","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., 2013, Adaptive harvest management for the Svalbard population of pink-footed geese: briefing summary, 13 p.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-045930","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286307,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53558fc3e4b0120853e8be20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70095527,"text":"70095527 - 2013 - Status and trends monitoring of the mainstem Columbia River: sample frame development and review of programs relevant to the development of an integrated approach to monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T15:07:22","indexId":"70095527","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:03:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":205,"text":"PNAMP Report Series","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"2013-003","title":"Status and trends monitoring of the mainstem Columbia River: sample frame development and review of programs relevant to the development of an integrated approach to monitoring","docAbstract":"Implementing an Integrated Status and Trends Monitoring program (ISTM) \nfor the mainstem Columbia River will help identify trends in important natural resources and \nhelp us understand the long-term collective effects of management actions. In this report, we \npresent progress towards the completion of a stepwise process that will facilitate the \ndevelopment of an ISTM for the mainstem Columbia River. We discuss planning and regulatory \ndocuments that can be used to identify monitoring goals and objectives and present existing \nmonitoring and research activities that should be considered as the development of a Columbia \nRiver ISTM proceeds. We also report progress towards the development of sample frames for \nthe Columbia and Snake Rivers and their floodplains. The sample frames were formulated using \nDigital Elevation Models (DEM’s) of the river channel and upland areas and a Generalized \nRandom-Tessellation Stratified (GRTS) algorithm for an area based resource to generate \n“master sample(s).” Working with the Pacific Northwest Aquatic Monitoring Partnership \n(PNAMP) we facilitated the transfer of the sample frames to the PNAMP “Monitoring Sample \nDesigner” tool. We then discuss aspects of response and survey designs as they pertain to the \nformulation of a mainstem Columbia River ISTM. As efforts to formulate an ISTM for the \nmainstem Columbia River proceed, practitioners should utilize the extensive literature \ndescribing the planning and implementation of fish and wildlife mitigation and recovery efforts \nin the Columbia River Basin. While we make progress towards establishing an ISTM framework, \nconsiderable work needs to be done to formulate an ISTM program for the mainstem Columbia \nRiver. Long-term monitoring programs have been established for other large rivers systems; \nscientists that have experience planning, implementing, and maintaining large river monitoring \nefforts such as those in the Colorado, Illinois, and Mississippi Rivers should be consulted and \ninvolved as efforts proceed.","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Northwest Aquatic Monitoring Partnership","usgsCitation":"Counihan, T.D., Hardiman, J.M., and Waste, S., 2013, Status and trends monitoring of the mainstem Columbia River: sample frame development and review of programs relevant to the development of an integrated approach to monitoring: PNAMP Report Series 2013-003, 33 p.","productDescription":"33 p.","numberOfPages":"33","ipdsId":"IP-046274","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283358,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.pnamp.org/sites/default/files/istm_mainstem_framework_final_2014-01-21.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Oregon;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.95,45.24 ], [ -123.95,49.0 ], [ -115.36,49.0 ], [ -115.36,45.24 ], [ -123.95,45.24 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53870571e4b0aa26cd7b53f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Counihan, Timothy D. 0000-0003-4967-6514 tcounihan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4967-6514","contributorId":4211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counihan","given":"Timothy","email":"tcounihan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hardiman, Jill M. 0000-0002-3661-9695 jhardiman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3661-9695","contributorId":2672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardiman","given":"Jill","email":"jhardiman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waste, Stephen swaste@usgs.gov","contributorId":65387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waste","given":"Stephen","email":"swaste@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70095394,"text":"gip152 - 2013 - Seafloor off Pleasure Point, Santa Cruz County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T07:41:40","indexId":"gip152","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:59:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"152","title":"Seafloor off Pleasure Point, Santa Cruz County, California","docAbstract":"The seafloor off Pleasure Point, Santa Cruz County, \nCalifornia, is extremely varied, with sandy flats, boulder fields, \nfaults, and complex bedrock ridges. These ridges support rich \nmarine ecosystems; some of them form the \"reefs\" that \nproduce world-class surf breaks. Colors indicate seafloor \ndepth, from red-orange (about 2 meters or 7 feet) to magenta \n(25 meters or 82 feet)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip152","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Golden, N., and Gibbons, H., 2013, Seafloor off Pleasure Point, Santa Cruz County, California: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 152, Postcard, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip152.","productDescription":"Postcard","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283184,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip152.jpg"},{"id":284422,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0152/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Pleasure Point","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.027296,36.897108 ], [ -122.027296,36.952705 ], [ -121.913911,36.952705 ], [ -121.913911,36.897108 ], [ -122.027296,36.897108 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd71a1e4b0b29085107cc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":2333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Golden, Nadine E. ngolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"Nadine E.","email":"ngolden@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gibbons, Helen hgibbons@usgs.gov","contributorId":912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Helen","email":"hgibbons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70123848,"text":"70123848 - 2013 - Biogeographic perspective of speciation among desert tortoises in the genus Gopherus: a preliminary evaluation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-25T14:58:37","indexId":"70123848","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:50:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":62,"text":"Proceedings","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-P-67","title":"Biogeographic perspective of speciation among desert tortoises in the genus Gopherus: a preliminary evaluation","docAbstract":"The enduring processes of time, climate, and adaptation have sculpted the distribution of organisms we observe in the Sonoran Desert. One such organism is Morafka’s desert tortoise, Gopherus morafkai. We apply a genomic approach to identify the evolutionary processes driving diversity in this species and present preliminary findings and emerging hypotheses. The Sonoran Desert form of the tortoise exhibits a continuum of genetic similarity spanning 850 km of Sonoran desertscrub extending from Empalme, Sonora, to Kingman, Arizona. However, at the ecotone between desertscrub and foothills thornscrub we identify a distinct, Sinaloan lineage and this occurrence suggests a more complex evolutionary history for G. morafkai. By using multiple loci from throughout the tortoise’s genome, we aim to determine if divergence between these lineages occurred in allopatry, and further to investigate for signatures of past or current genetic introgression. This international, collaborative project will assist state and federal agencies in developing management strategies that best preserve the evolutionary potential of Morafka’s desert tortoise. Ultimately, an understanding of the evolutionary history of desert tortoises will not only clarify the forces that have driven the divergence in this group, but also contribute to our knowledge of the biogeographic history of the Southwestern deserts and how diversity is maintained within them.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Merging science and management in a rapidly changing world: Biodiversity and management of the Madrean Archipelago III and 7th Conference on Research and Resource Management in the Southwestern Deserts; 2012 May 1-5; Tucson, AZ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Merging science and management in a rapidly changing world: Biodiversity and management of the Madrean Archipelago III and 7th Conference on Research and Resource Management in the Southwestern Deserts; 2012 May 1-5; Tucson, AZ","conferenceDate":"2012-05-01T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Tucson, AZ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Edwards, T., Vaughn, M., Melendez Torres, C., Karl, A.E., Rosen, P.C., Berry, K.H., and Murph, R.W., 2013, Biogeographic perspective of speciation among desert tortoises in the genus Gopherus: a preliminary evaluation: Proceedings RMRS-P-67, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"247","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-037598","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294557,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294556,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs_p067.html"}],"country":"Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.14,24.27 ], [ -113.14,31.36 ], [ -106.16,31.36 ], [ -106.16,24.27 ], [ -113.14,24.27 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252ea3e4b0e641df8a6ec4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Taylor","contributorId":62337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Taylor","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaughn, Mercy","contributorId":21881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughn","given":"Mercy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Melendez Torres, Cristina","contributorId":71905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melendez Torres","given":"Cristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Karl, Alice E.","contributorId":32844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Alice","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosen, Philip C.","contributorId":70311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Murph, Robert W.","contributorId":92599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murph","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70044420,"text":"70044420 - 2013 - Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-03T15:17:55.788934","indexId":"70044420","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:48:55","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010","docAbstract":"Throughout the past century, emergent wetlands have been declining across the Gulf of Mexico. Emergent wetland ecosystems provide many resources, including plant and wildlife habitat, commercial and recreational economic activity, water quality, and natural barriers against storms. As emergent wetland losses increase, so does the need for information on the causes and effects of this loss; emergent wetland mapping, monitoring and restoration efforts; and education. The Emergent Wetlands Status and Trends in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010 report provides scientists, managers, and citizens with valuable baseline information on the background, current status, and historical trends of estuarine and palustrine emergent wetlands along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, causes of status change, emergent wetlands mapping and monitoring, and restoration and enhancement activities. This presentation examines emergent wetlands in six individual estuarine areas, including Corpus Christi/Nueces/Aransas Bays and Galveston Bay in Texas; Mississippi Sound in Mississippi; Mobile Bay in Alabama; and the Florida Panhandle and Tampa Bay in Florida.","conferenceTitle":"ASLO 2013, Aquatic Sciences Meeting","conferenceDate":"February 17-22, 2013","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, Louisiana","usgsCitation":"2013, Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010, ASLO 2013, Aquatic Sciences Meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana, February 17-22, 2013.","numberOfPages":"1","ipdsId":"IP-041420","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98aee4e4b0702d0e843e94"} ,{"id":70073514,"text":"70073514 - 2013 - Movement and longevity of imperiled Okaloosa Darters (Etheostoma okaloosae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-21T14:48:23","indexId":"70073514","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement and longevity of imperiled Okaloosa Darters (Etheostoma okaloosae)","docAbstract":"Movement and longevity studies inform management and conservation plans for imperiled organisms. We used a mark–recapture study to reveal information about these key biological characteristics for imperiled Okaloosa Darters (Etheostoma okaloosae). Okaloosa Darters were captured from 20 m reaches at six separate streams, marked with VIE on the left or right dorsum according to the side of the stream from which they were captured, and released on the same side where they were captured. Okaloosa Darters were recounted (but not recaptured) at 24 h and one month, and then recaptured once per year for the following eight years. During the final recapture year, we measured standard length of all Okaloosa Darters and constructed length frequency distributions to identify distinct cohorts. We found that significant numbers of Okaloosa Darters remained within their 20 m reaches after 24 h (31%), one month (45%), and one year (22%) and rarely crossed open, sandy stream channels from one side to the other. Our recapture data and length frequency distributions indicate that Okaloosa Darters live longer than the 2–3 years suggested by previous authors. One of our recaptured fish was at least eight years old, making Okaloosa Darters the most long-lived etheostomine.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Copeia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.1643/CE-12-175","usgsCitation":"Holt, D.E., Jelks, H.L., and Jordan, F., 2013, Movement and longevity of imperiled Okaloosa Darters (Etheostoma okaloosae): Copeia, v. 2013, no. 4, p. 653-659, https://doi.org/10.1643/CE-12-175.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"653","endPage":"659","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-042687","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281338,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CE-12-175"}],"volume":"2013","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd684fe4b0b29085101f15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holt, Daniel E.","contributorId":102381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holt","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jelks, Howard L. 0000-0002-0672-6297 hjelks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-6297","contributorId":2962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jelks","given":"Howard","email":"hjelks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":488877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordan, Frank","contributorId":103405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70046141,"text":"70046141 - 2013 - Unpaved road dust management, a successful practitioner’s handbook","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T09:14:21","indexId":"70046141","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:37:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"FHWA-CFL/TD-13-001","title":"Unpaved road dust management, a successful practitioner’s handbook","docAbstract":"
This handbook provides broad programmatic aspects of unpaved road management. It is based on observations made during a national scan tour and provides useful and insightful excerpts of realworld examples and includes practical how-to instructions for determining what type of treatment may be needed for different situations. It ultimately strives to encourage road managers to think broadly about the process of unpaved road management rather than just focusing on a specific type of chemical treatment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Highway Administration","publisherLocation":"Lakewood, CO","usgsCitation":"Jones, D., Kociolek, A., Surdahl, R., Bolander, P., Drewes, B., Duran, M., Fay, L., Huntington, G., James, D., Milne, C., Nahra, M., Scott, A., Vitale, B., and Williams, B., 2013, Unpaved road dust management, a successful practitioner’s handbook, x, 81 p.","productDescription":"x, 81 p.","numberOfPages":"94","ipdsId":"IP-042921","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":331757,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bv.transports.gouv.qc.ca/mono/1134403.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f78eede4b02e26443a93d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, David","contributorId":56099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kociolek, Angela","contributorId":104796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kociolek","given":"Angela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Surdahl, Roger","contributorId":35623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Surdahl","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bolander, Peter","contributorId":52067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolander","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Drewes, Bruce","contributorId":75046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drewes","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Duran, Matthew","contributorId":18251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duran","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fay, Laura","contributorId":83009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fay","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Huntington, George","contributorId":51184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"James, David","contributorId":12355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Milne, Clark","contributorId":29292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milne","given":"Clark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nahra, Mark","contributorId":100273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nahra","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Scott, Andrew","contributorId":94952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Vitale, Bob","contributorId":103163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitale","given":"Bob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Williams, Bethany","contributorId":91389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Bethany","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70098030,"text":"70098030 - 2013 - Application of ground-truth for classification and quantification of bird movements on migratory bird habitat initiative sites in southwest Louisiana: final report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T14:47:23","indexId":"70098030","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:31:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Application of ground-truth for classification and quantification of bird movements on migratory bird habitat initiative sites in southwest Louisiana: final report","docAbstract":"This project was initiated to assess migrating and wintering bird use of lands \nenrolled in the Natural Resources Conservation Service’s (NRCS) Migratory Bird Habitat \nInitiative (MBHI). The MBHI program was developed in response to the Deepwater \nHorizon oil spill in 2010, with the goal of improving/creating habitat for waterbirds \naffected by the spill. In collaboration with the University of Delaware (UDEL), we used \nweather surveillance radar data (Sieges 2014), portable marine radar data, thermal \ninfrared images, and visual observations to assess bird use of MBHI easements. \nMigrating and wintering birds routinely make synchronous flights near dusk (e.g., \ndeparture during migration, feeding flights during winter). Weather radars readily detect \nbirds at the onset of these flights and have proven to be useful remote sensing tools for \nassessing bird-habitat relations during migration and determining the response of \nwintering waterfowl to wetland restoration (e.g., Wetlands Reserve Program lands). \nHowever, ground-truthing is required to identify radar echoes to species or species group. \nWe designed a field study to ground-truth a larger-scale, weather radar assessment of bird \nuse of MBHI sites in southwest Louisiana. We examined seasonal bird use of MBHI \nfields in fall, winter, and spring of 2011-2012. To assess diurnal use, we conducted total \narea surveys of MBHI sites in the afternoon, collecting data on bird species composition, \nabundance, behavior, and habitat use. In the evenings, we quantified bird activity at the \nMBHI easements and described flight behavior (i.e., birds landing in, departing from, \ncircling, or flying over the MBHI tract). Our field sampling captured the onset of evening \nflights and spanned the period of collection of the weather radar data analyzed. Pre- and \npost-dusk surveys were conducted using a portable radar system and a thermal infrared \ncamera.
\nLandbirds, shorebirds, and wading birds were commonly found on MBHI fields \nduring diurnal surveys in the fall. Ducks (breeding and early migrating species) were also \ndetected on diurnal surveys, but were less abundant than the previously mentioned taxa. \nWading birds were the most abundant taxa observed during evening surveys up to 5 min \nbefore dusk when their numbers declined and duck densities increased. Ducks accounted \nfor 64.0% of all birds detected from 0-5 min before dusk. Most ducks observed at that time were flyovers (71.4%), but circling (9.2%), departing (12.1%), and landing birds \n(7.4%) were also detected.
\nIn fall, the portable radar system detected two peaks in bird movement: one \nshortly before sunset and a second shortly after dusk. The later movement began just \nbefore dusk, peaked approximately 9 min after dusk, and concluded within 20 min after \ndusk. The flight headings of birds changed in relation to time from dusk. In general, the \nmajority of targets flew towards the southwest before dusk and towards the northeast \nafter dusk. The change in flight direction pre- and post-dusk may be related to \nmovements dominated by migratory versus local flight.
\nIn winter, ducks, shorebirds, wading birds, and landbirds were the most abundant \ntaxa in diurnal surveys. Geese were abundant at times, but their frequency of occurrence \nand densities were highly variable. The majority of ducks, shorebirds, and wading birds \nwere observed feeding in MBHI fields. Landbirds and geese were more commonly seen \nresting. Overwintering ducks and geese dominated the movements near dusk (95.9% of \nall birds ≤ 5 min pre-dusk). Ducks were more frequently observed landing in (40.8%) and \nflying over (33.5%) MBHI fields while geese were mainly observed circling (54.7%) and \nflying over (38.9%) sites. Most of the shorebirds detected < 5 min before dusk (74.6% of \nall shorebirds) were departing the MBHI fields. Portable radar and thermal infrared \ncamera data indicate that large northeastward movements of waterfowl (99.9% of birds \nidentified to taxa) occurred after dusk (~10 min post-dusk). Most birds observed on radar \nduring this peak were flyovers and did not use the MBHI fields (78.9%); however, birds \nwere detected landing in (10.9%) and departing from (2.9%) MBHI fields. The post-dusk \nmovements may have been waterfowl feeding flights that routinely occur in southwest \nLouisiana between roost sites in coastal marsh and foraging sites in agricultural fields to \nthe north. After the conclusion of these movements ca. 30 min post-dusk, portable radar \ndata showed little activity through the night until approximately 0.5 to 1.5 hr pre-dawn. \nRadar data within 30 min pre-dawn indicate that most birds departed MBHI fields on \nflight headings toward the southwest. The pre-dawn movements were likely waterfowl \ndeparting from their foraging sites and returning to roosting areas in coastal marshes to \nthe south.
\nShorebirds, ducks, and wading birds were the most abundant taxa during diurnal \nsurveys of MBHI fields in spring, and the majority of individuals were observed actively \nforaging rather than resting. Breeding, overwintering, and transient migrant species were \nall detected on MBHI fields. Near dusk, the majority of birds in flight were ducks (67.7% of all birds) that were flying over (38.2%), departing from (34.2%), or landing in (22.9%) MBHI fields. These results contrast with our winter observations when 40.8% of ducks landed in MBHI fields and 9.1% departed from fields. Portable radar and thermal camera data documented a peak in bird movements shortly after dusk, however, the peak was of lower magnitude than observed in the winter. Thermal camera data identified the birds as mostly shorebirds (57.3%) and waterfowl (40.4%). Flight headings were more variable than winter and lacked an undirectional flow. After the post-dusk movement had concluded, bird activity remained low throughout the night until approximately 30 min before dawn when a small peck in activity was observed. Flight headings during the pre-dawn were variable and multidirectional.
\nWe compared bird abundance data collected by each of our three sampling \ntechniques (portable radar, thermal infrared camera, and direct visual observation) for the \n45-min observation period immediately preceding dusk; the period when all three survey \nmethods were used simultaneously. Abundance data from the three methods were \nsignificantly correlated at P ≤ 0.05.
\nWe documented diurnal and nocturnal bird use of MBHI fields. Most \nobservations near dusk in winter, when weather radar data were sampled, were of ducks \nand geese, and in spring, shorebirds and ducks. Our winter observations show large \nsynchronous movements of waterfowl occurring near dusk. These birds were moving to \nthe NE and feeding in agricultural fields at night. Portable radar data suggest that birds \nstay in these fields through the night and make return flights near dawn.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","usgsCitation":"Barrow, W., Baldwin, M., Randall, L.A., Pitre, J., and Dudley, K.J., 2013, Application of ground-truth for classification and quantification of bird movements on migratory bird habitat initiative sites in southwest Louisiana: final report, ix, 102 p.","productDescription":"ix, 102 p.","numberOfPages":"111","ipdsId":"IP-051038","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286056,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":284055,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/technical/nra/ceap/?cid=stelprdb1186080"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.4281,29.7777 ], [ -93.4281,30.6302 ], [ -92.5736,30.6302 ], [ -92.5736,29.7777 ], [ -93.4281,29.7777 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53558fc8e4b0120853e8be3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barrow, Wylie C. 0000-0003-4671-2823 barroww@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":1988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"Wylie C.","email":"barroww@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldwin, Michael J. 0000-0003-1939-5439 baldwinm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1939-5439","contributorId":3294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Michael J.","email":"baldwinm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Randall, Lori A. 0000-0003-0100-994X randalll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0100-994X","contributorId":2678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"Lori","email":"randalll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitre, John","contributorId":83024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitre","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dudley, Kyle J.","contributorId":93821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70044608,"text":"70044608 - 2013 - Residency times and patterns of movement of postbreeding dunlin on a subarctic staging area in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T11:23:35","indexId":"70044608","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:26:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residency times and patterns of movement of postbreeding dunlin on a subarctic staging area in Alaska","docAbstract":"Understanding how individuals use key resources is critical for effective conservation of a population. The Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) in western Alaska is the most important postbreeding staging area for shorebirds in the subarctic North Pacific, yet little is known about movements of shorebirds there during the postbreeding period. To address this information gap, we studied residency times and patterns of movement of 17 adult and 17 juvenile radio-marked Dunlin (Calidris alpina) on the YKD between early August and early October 2005. Throughout this postbreeding period, during which Dunlin were molting, most birds were relocated within a 130 km radius of their capture site on the YKD, but three birds were relocated more than 600 km to the south at estuaries along the Alaska Peninsula. On average, juvenile Dunlin were relocated farther away from the banding site (median relocation distance = 36.3 km) than adult Dunlin (median relocation distance = 8.8 km). Post-capture, minimum lengths of stay by Dunlin on the YKD were not significantly different between juveniles (median = 19 days) and adults (median = 23 days), with some birds staging for more than 50 days. Body mass at time of capture was the best single variable explaining length of stay on the YKD, with average length of stay decreasing by 2.5 days per additional gram of body mass at time of capture. Conservation efforts for postbreeding shorebirds should consider patterns of resource use that may differ not only by age cohort but also by individual condition.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic4327","usgsCitation":"Warnock, N., Handel, C.M., Gill, R., and McCaffery, B.J., 2013, Residency times and patterns of movement of postbreeding dunlin on a subarctic staging area in Alaska: Arctic, v. 66, no. 4, p. 407-416, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4327.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"416","ipdsId":"IP-043271","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489706,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4327","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286893,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic4327"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"66","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5368b2f9e4b059f7e8288367","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warnock, Nils","contributorId":64534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warnock","given":"Nils","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCaffery, Brian J.","contributorId":37617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaffery","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70123837,"text":"70123837 - 2013 - Are captive tortoises a reservoir for conservation? An assessment of genealogical affiliation of captive Gopherus agassizii to local, wild populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-09T14:26:40","indexId":"70123837","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:24:28","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are captive tortoises a reservoir for conservation? An assessment of genealogical affiliation of captive Gopherus agassizii to local, wild populations","docAbstract":"The conservation of tortoises poses a unique situation because several threatened species are commonly kept as pets within their native ranges. Thus, there is potential for captive populations to be a reservoir for repatriation efforts. We assess the utility of captive populations of the threatened Agassiz’s desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) for recovery efforts based on genetic affinity to local areas. We collected samples from 130 captive desert tortoises from three desert communities: two in California (Ridgecrest and Joshua Tree) and the Desert Tortoise Conservation Center (Las Vegas) in Nevada. We tested all samples for 25 short tandem repeats and sequenced 1,109 bp of the mitochondrial genome. We compared captive genotypes to a database of 1,258 Gopherus samples, including 657 wild caught G. agassizii spanning the full range of the species. We conducted population assignment tests to determine the genetic origins of the captive individuals. For our total sample set, only 44 % of captive individuals were assigned to local populations based on genetic units derived from the reference database. One individual from Joshua Tree, California, was identified as being a Morafka’s desert tortoise, G. morafkai, a cryptic species which is not native to the Mojave Desert. Our data suggest that captive desert tortoises kept within the native range of G. agassizii cannot be presumed to have a genealogical affiliation to wild tortoises in their geographic proximity. Precautions should be taken before considering the release of captive tortoises into the wild as a management tool for recovery.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s10592-013-0458-y","usgsCitation":"Berry, K.H., and Edwards, T., 2013, Are captive tortoises a reservoir for conservation? An assessment of genealogical affiliation of captive Gopherus agassizii to local, wild populations: Conservation Genetics, v. 14, no. 3, p. 649-659, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-013-0458-y.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"649","endPage":"659","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-041651","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293551,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293541,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-013-0458-y"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54101444e4b07ab1cd980860","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Taylor","contributorId":62337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Taylor","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70058653,"text":"70058653 - 2013 - User's guide and metadata for WestuRe: U.S. Pacific Coast estuary/watershed data and R tools","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T15:26:52","indexId":"70058653","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:22:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"User's guide and metadata for WestuRe: U.S. Pacific Coast estuary/watershed data and R tools","docAbstract":"There are about 350 estuaries along the U.S. Pacific Coast (U.S. Fish andWildlife 2011). Basic descriptive data for these estuaries, such as their size and watershed area, are important for coastal-scale research and conservation planning. However, this information is spread among many sources, making it difficult to find and standardize. The goal of the WestuRe Project is to provide a framework to: (1) make general descriptive data for estuaries and their watersheds more accessible, and (2) provide tools to make analyzing and visualizing these data easier.
\nThe WestuRe download includes data describing U.S. Pacific Coast estuaries and their corresponding watersheds from northern Washington (including the region located along the Strait of Juan de Fuca that goes from Port Townsend to Cape Flattery, 48.383°N) to southern California (Tijuana Estuary, 32.557°N), excluding Puget Sound proper and coastal islands (Fig. 1). The WestuRe data currently include shapefiles of estuary and watershed polygons as well as CSV files summarizing geomorphological and climate data (Fig. 2, Section 2). The WestuRe tools help users extract and view relevant data using the statistical program R and Google Earth (Fig. 3, Section 3).
\nPotential applications of the data include:
\nWe sampled stocked Salvelinus namaycush (Lake Trout) in Watauga Lake and South Holston Lake, TN using experimental gill nets in 2009-2010 to describe their growth, longevity, and condition. Annuli in sagittal otoliths formed once a year in early spring in both reservoirs. South Holston Lake (n = 99 Lake Trout) has been stocked since 2006, and the oldest fish was age 4. Watauga Lake has been stocked since the mid-1980s, and we collected 158 Lake Trout up to age 20. Annual mortality for age-3 and older fish in Watauga Lake was 24%. When compared to Lake Trout in northern lakes, Tennessee Lake Trout exhibited average to above-average growth and longevity. Condition of Lake Trout in both reservoirs varied seasonally and tended to be lowest in fall, but rebounded in winter and spring. Lake Trout in both reservoirs appeared to be spatially segregated from pelagic prey fishes during summer stratification, but growth rates and body condition were high enough to suggest that neither system was being overstocked.
","language":"English","publisher":"Humboldt Field Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Stueben, ME","doi":"10.1656/058.012.0117","usgsCitation":"Russell, D., and Bettoli, P.W., 2013, Population attributes of lake trout in Tennessee reservoirs: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 12, no. 1, p. 217-232, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.012.0117.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"232","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029294","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300299,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5551d2b7e4b0a92fa7e93bfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, Drew","contributorId":140733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Drew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettoli, Phillip William pbettoli@usgs.gov","contributorId":1919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettoli","given":"Phillip","email":"pbettoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70094502,"text":"70094502 - 2013 - Changes to oak woodland stand structure and ground flora composition caused by thinning and burning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T10:36:29","indexId":"70094502","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Changes to oak woodland stand structure and ground flora composition caused by thinning and burning","docAbstract":"Our objective was to quantify the cumulative effects of prescribed \nburning and thinning on forest stocking and species composition at a woodland \nrestoration experiment site in the Ozark Highlands of Missouri. Our study used four \ntreatments (burn, harvest, harvest and burn, control) on three slope position and aspect \ncombinations (south, north, ridge) replicated in three complete blocks. Harvested \nstands were thinned from below to 40 percent residual stocking. Two prescribed \nfires were applied to both burn and harvest-burn treatment units in a 5-year period. \nResults reflect changes that have taken place over a 6-year period, from pretreatment \nconditions to 1 year after the last fire. In this period, there was a 10-percent reduction \nin the stocking in burned stands compared to control and a 6-percent reduction in \nharvested and burned stands compared to harvested stands. Compared to the control, \npercentage ground cover of woodland indicators was seven times greater in burned \nstands, six times greater in harvested stands, and 22 percent greater in harvested and \nburned stands. Th ere was no significant (P > 0.05) interaction between aspect and \ntreatment on stocking or ground flora cover. Th is study indicated that silvicultural \ntreatments do achieve various goals that are common to managers who aim to restore \nwoodland communities.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 18th Central Hardwoods Forest Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Kinkead, C.O., Kabrick, J.M., Stambaugh, M., and Grabner, K.W., 2013, Changes to oak woodland stand structure and ground flora composition caused by thinning and burning, in Proceedings of the 18th Central Hardwoods Forest Conference, p. 373-383.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"383","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-032451","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286299,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282587,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/44102"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Clearwater Creek;Logan Creek Conservation Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.159,37.1997 ], [ -91.159,37.374 ], [ -91.0142,37.374 ], [ -91.0142,37.1997 ], [ -91.159,37.1997 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53558ff9e4b0120853e8be78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinkead, Carter O.","contributorId":26224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinkead","given":"Carter","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kabrick, John M.","contributorId":65384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kabrick","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stambaugh, Michael C.","contributorId":51202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stambaugh","given":"Michael C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grabner, Keith W. kgrabner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grabner","given":"Keith","email":"kgrabner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70111240,"text":"70111240 - 2013 - Of travertine and time: otolith chemistry and microstructure detect provenance and demography of endangered humpback chub in Grand Canyon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-03T13:55:04","indexId":"70111240","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:49:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Of travertine and time: otolith chemistry and microstructure detect provenance and demography of endangered humpback chub in Grand Canyon, USA","docAbstract":"We developed a geochemical atlas of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon and in its tributary, the Little Colorado River, and used it to identify provenance and habitat use by Federally Endangered humpback chub, Gila cypha. Carbon stable isotope ratios (δ13C) discriminate best between the two rivers, but fine scale analysis in otoliths requires rare, expensive instrumentation. We therefore correlated other tracers (SrSr, Ba, and Se in ratio to Ca) to δ13C that are easier to quantify in otoliths with other microchemical techniques. Although the Little Colorado River’s water chemistry varies with major storm events, at base flow or near base flow (conditions occurring 84% of the time in our study) its chemistry differs sufficiently from the mainstem to discriminate one from the other. Additionally, when fish egress from the natal Little Colorado River to the mainstem, they encounter cold water which causes the otolith daily growth increments to decrease in size markedly. Combining otolith growth increment analysis and microchemistry permitted estimation of size and age at first egress; size at first birthday was also estimated. Emigrants < 1 year old averaged 51.2 ± 4.4 (SE) days and 35.5 ± 3.6 mm at egress; older fish that had recruited to the population averaged 100 ± 7.8 days old and 51.0 ± 2.2 mm at egress, suggesting that larger, older emigrants recruit better. Back-calculated size at age 1 was unimodal and large (78.2 ± 3.3 mm) in Little Colorado caught fish but was bimodally distributed in Colorado mainstem caught fish (49.9 ± 3.6 and 79 ± 4.9 mm) suggesting that humpback chub can also rear in the mainstem. The study demonstrates the coupled usage of the two rivers by this fish and highlights the need to consider both rivers when making management decisions for humpback chub recovery.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0084235","usgsCitation":"Limburg, K.E., Hayden, T.A., Pine, W., Yard, M., Kozdon, R., and Valley, J.W., 2013, Of travertine and time: otolith chemistry and microstructure detect provenance and demography of endangered humpback chub in Grand Canyon, USA: PLoS ONE, v. 8, no. 12, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084235.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046330","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084235","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288033,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288032,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084235"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon;Colorado River;Little Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.833333,36.1 ], [ -111.833333,36.2 ], [ -111.7,36.2 ], [ -111.7,36.1 ], [ -111.833333,36.1 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"538eee94e4b0d497d4968517","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Limburg, Karin E.","contributorId":16325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Limburg","given":"Karin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayden, Todd A. 0000-0002-0451-0425 thayden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-0425","contributorId":5987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayden","given":"Todd","email":"thayden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pine, William E. III","contributorId":56759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pine","given":"William E.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yard, Michael D. 0000-0002-6580-6027","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-6027","contributorId":8577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yard","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kozdon, Reinhard","contributorId":14740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozdon","given":"Reinhard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Valley, John W.","contributorId":52895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valley","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":494307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}