Forests are major components of the carbon cycle, and disturbances are important influences of forest carbon. Our objective was to contribute to the understanding of forest carbon cycling by quantifying the amount of carbon in trees killed by two disturbance types, fires and bark beetles, in the western United States in recent decades. We combined existing spatial data sets of forest biomass, burn severity, and beetle-caused tree mortality to estimate the amount of aboveground and belowground carbon in killed trees across the region. We found that during 1984-2010, fires killed trees that contained 5-11 Tg C year-1 and during 1997-2010, beetles killed trees that contained 2-24 Tg C year-1, with more trees killed since 2000 than in earlier periods. Over their periods of record, amounts of carbon in trees killed by fires and by beetle outbreaks were similar, and together these disturbances killed trees representing 9% of the total tree carbon in western forests, a similar amount to harvesting. Fires killed more trees in lower-elevation forest types such as Douglas-fir than higher-elevation forest types, whereas bark beetle outbreaks also killed trees in higher-elevation forest types such as lodgepole pine and Engelmann spruce. Over 15% of the carbon in lodgepole pine and spruce/fir forest types was in trees killed by beetle outbreaks; other forest types had 5-10% of the carbon in killed trees. Our results document the importance of these natural disturbances in the carbon budget of the western United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Physics Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035032","usgsCitation":"Hicke, J.A., Meddens, A.J., Allen, C.D., and Kolden, C.A., 2013, Carbon stocks of trees killed by bark beetles and wildfire in the western United States: Environmental Research Letters, v. 8, no. 3, Article 035032; 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035032.","productDescription":"Article 035032; 8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049507","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.24414062499999,\n 48.40003249610685\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 46.07323062540838\n ],\n [\n -125.15625000000001,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n -124.98046874999999,\n 40.38002840251183\n ],\n [\n -121.11328124999999,\n 34.23451236236984\n ],\n [\n -117.94921874999999,\n 32.24997445586331\n ],\n [\n -115.13671875,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -111.181640625,\n 31.27855085894653\n ],\n [\n -108.369140625,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -108.28125,\n 31.87755764334002\n ],\n [\n -106.787109375,\n 31.80289258670676\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -102.3046875,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -125.24414062499999,\n 48.40003249610685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553774a8e4b0b22a15808509","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hicke, Jeffrey A.","contributorId":87832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hicke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meddens, Arjan J.H.","contributorId":140349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meddens","given":"Arjan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.H.","affiliations":[{"id":13466,"text":"Univ. of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolden, Crystal A.","contributorId":98610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolden","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70099630,"text":"70099630 - 2013 - Geologic framework and petroleum systems of Cook Inlet basin, south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T16:14:46.699697","indexId":"70099630","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T10:02:27","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geologic framework and petroleum systems of Cook Inlet basin, south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"This report provides a comprehensive overview of the stratigraphy, structure, tectonics, and petroleum systems of the Cook Inlet basin, an important oil- and gas-producing region in south-central Alaska.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oil and cas fields of the Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska: AAPG memoir 104","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","usgsCitation":"LePain, D., Stanley, R.G., Helmold, K., and Shellenbaum, D., 2013, Geologic framework and petroleum systems of Cook Inlet basin, south-central Alaska, chap. of Oil and cas fields of the Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska: AAPG memoir 104, v. 104, 80 p.","productDescription":"80 p.","numberOfPages":"80","ipdsId":"IP-043335","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289419,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.2345,58.1972 ], [ -155.2345,59.6709 ], [ -151.1366,59.6709 ], [ -151.1366,58.1972 ], [ -155.2345,58.1972 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"104","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b67b76e4b014fc094d5467","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stone, D.M.","contributorId":114025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509832,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hite, D.M.","contributorId":113026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hite","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509831,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"LePain, D. L.","contributorId":104803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LePain","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Helmold, K. P.","contributorId":67796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmold","given":"K. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shellenbaum, D.P.","contributorId":39294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbaum","given":"D.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70113284,"text":"70113284 - 2013 - SPARROW models used to understand nutrient sources in the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:25:58","indexId":"70113284","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SPARROW models used to understand nutrient sources in the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin","docAbstract":"Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loading from the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB) has been linked to hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico. To describe where and from what sources those loads originate, SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models were constructed for the MARB using geospatial datasets for 2002, including inputs from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and calibration sites throughout the MARB. Previous studies found that highest N and P yields were from the north-central part of the MARB (Corn Belt). Based on the MARB SPARROW models, highest N yields were still from the Corn Belt but centered over Iowa and Indiana, and highest P yields were widely distributed throughout the center of the MARB. Similar to that found in other studies, agricultural inputs were found to be the largest N and P sources throughout most of the MARB: farm fertilizers were the largest N source, whereas farm fertilizers, manure, and urban inputs were dominant P sources. The MARB models enable individual N and P sources to be defined at scales ranging from SPARROW catchments (∼50 km2) to the entire area of the MARB. Inputs of P from WWTPs and urban areas were more important than found in most other studies. Information from this study will help to reduce nutrient loading from the MARB by providing managers with a description of where each of the sources of N and P are most important, thus providing a basis for prioritizing management actions and ultimately reducing the extent of Gulf hypoxia.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy","doi":"10.2134/jeq2013.02.0066","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., and Saad, D.A., 2013, SPARROW models used to understand nutrient sources in the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 42, no. 5, p. 1422-1440, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.02.0066.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1422","endPage":"1440","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-043684","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.02.0066","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288911,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.02.0066"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi/atchafalaya River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.05,29.63 ], [ -116.05,49.0 ], [ -76.27,49.0 ], [ -76.27,29.63 ], [ -116.05,29.63 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"42","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7818e4b0abf75cf2c9cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saad, David A. dasaad@usgs.gov","contributorId":121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saad","given":"David","email":"dasaad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70114667,"text":"70114667 - 2013 - The influence of precipitation, vegetation and soil properties on the ecohydrology of sagebrush steppe rangelands on the INL site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-03T09:55:45","indexId":"70114667","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:52:42","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"The influence of precipitation, vegetation and soil properties on the ecohydrology of sagebrush steppe rangelands on the INL site","docAbstract":"The INL Site and other landscapes having sagebrush steppe vegetation are experiencing a simultaneous change in climate and floristics that result from increases in exotic species. Determining the separate and combined/interactive effects of climate and vegetation change is important for assessing future changes on the landscape and for hydrologic processes.
\nThis research uses the 72 experimental plots established and initially maintained for many years as the “Protective Cap Biobarrier Experiment” by Dr. Jay Anderson and the Stoller ESER program, and the experiment is also now referred to as the “INL Site Ecohydrology Study.” We are evaluating long-term impacts of different plant communities commonly found throughout Idaho subject to different precipitation regimes and to different soil depths. Treatments of amount and timing of precipitation (irrigation), soil depth, and either native/perennial or exotic grass vegetation allow researchers to investigate how vegetation, precipitation and soil interact to influence soil hydrology and ecosystem biogeochemistry. This information will be used to improve a variety of models, as well as provide data for these models.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Laboratory Site Enviromental Surveillance, Education, and Research Program","publisherLocation":"Broomfield, CO","usgsCitation":"Germino, M., 2013, The influence of precipitation, vegetation and soil properties on the ecohydrology of sagebrush steppe rangelands on the INL site, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","ipdsId":"IP-053875","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289094,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.gsseser.com/LandManagement/ecohydrology2012.html"},{"id":289416,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b67b84e4b014fc094d5477","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Germino, Matthew J.","contributorId":50029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70125273,"text":"70125273 - 2013 - A natural resource condition assessment for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks: Appendix 22: climatic change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-25T09:56:39","indexId":"70125273","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:52:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/SEKI/NRR--2013/665.22","title":"A natural resource condition assessment for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks: Appendix 22: climatic change","docAbstract":"Climate is a master controller of the structure, composition, and function of biotic communities, \naffecting them both directly, through physiological effects, and indirectly, by mediating biotic \ninteractions and by influencing disturbance regimes. Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park’s \n(SEKI’s) dramatic elevational changes in biotic communities -- from warm mediterranean to \ncold alpine -- are but one manifestation of climate’s overarching importance in shaping SEKI’s \nlandscape.
\nYet humans are now altering the global climate, with measurable effects on ecosystems (IPCC \n2007). Over the last few decades across the western United States, human-induced climatic \nchanges have likely contributed to observed declines in fraction of precipitation falling as snow \nand snowpack water content (Mote et al. 2005, Knowles et al. 2006), advance in spring \nsnowmelt (Stewart et al. 2005, Barnett et al. 2008), and consequent increase in area burned in \nwildfires (Westerling et al. 2006). In the Sierra Nevada, warming temperatures have likely \ncontributed to observed glacial recession (Basagic 2008), uphill migration of small mammals \n(Moritz et al. 2008), and increasing tree mortality rates (van Mantgem and Stephenson 2007, van \nMantgem et al. 2009). More substantial changes can be expected for the future (e.g., IPCC \n2007).
\nGiven the central importance of climate and climatic changes, we sought to describe long-term \ntrends in temperature and precipitation at SEKI. Time and budget constraints limited us to \nanalyses of mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation, using readily-available data. \nIf funds become available in the future, further analyses will be needed to analyze trends by \nseason, trends in daily minimum and maximum temperatures, and so on.
\nWe chose to analyze data from individual weather stations rather than use interpolated climatic \ndata from sources such as PRISM (http://www.prism.oregonstate.edu/). In topographically \ncomplex mountainous regions with few weather stations, like SEKI, the addition or subtraction \nof even a single weather station through time has the potential to significantly bias trends in \ninterpolated data. In particular, this analysis was motivated by our questioning of some PRISM \nresults presented in Appendix 1 (Landscape Context) that compared temperature averages \nbetween two 30-year periods of the 20th Century. Figures 6 and 11 of Appendix 1 indicate that \nrecent (1971-2000) temperatures in northern Kings Canyon National Park averaged some 2° C \ncooler than those of 1911-1940. This would represent a truly profound and persistent cooling, \nand seems to be at odds both with the glacial retreats observed in the area over the century \n(Basagic 2008), and with the reported PRISM warming of nearly 2° C just to the west of the \ncooling (see Figs. 6 and 11 in Appendix 1). We suspect that the extreme localized Kings Canyon \ncooling reported by PRISM is an artifact of sparsely-distributed weather stations in the region \nbeing added and discontinued over the span of the 20th Century. For example, data from the \nWestern Regional Climate Center (http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/coopmap/) suggest that for the \nperiod 1911 through 1924 PRISM must interpolate northern Kings Canyon temperatures based \non a few low-elevation stations -- separated by hundreds of kilometers -- in Nevada and \nCalifornia’s San Joaquin Valley. In contrast, by 1970 PRISM interpolations will be dominated \nby closer, higher-elevation stations (see this report). The single weather station closest to \nnorthern Kings Canyon that has a temperature record at least partly spanning Appendix 1’s two\n30-year time periods -- the Independence station, with a relatively continuous temperature record \nstarting in 1925 -- shows a modest warming, not a cooling, between 1925-1940 and 1971-2000, \nfurther casting doubt on the Kings Canyon cooling shown in Figs. 6 and 11 of Appendix 1. If \nfunds become available, it will be useful to more formally analyze potential PRISM biases in \nlong-term SEKI climatic trends. Until then, the analyses of individual weather station records \npresented here (effectively an analysis of source data that PRISM uses) are meant to provide a \nrobust summary of climatic changes in SEKI.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A natural resource condition assessment for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Das, A., and Stephenson, N.L., 2013, A natural resource condition assessment for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks: Appendix 22: climatic change: Natural Resource Report NPS/SEKI/NRR--2013/665.22, v, 28 p.","productDescription":"v, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"36","ipdsId":"IP-039290","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294467,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294466,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/App/Reference/Profile/2195963"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Kings Canyon National Park;Sequoia National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.983208,36.118448 ], [ -118.983208,37.237613 ], [ -118.020777,37.237613 ], [ -118.020777,36.118448 ], [ -118.983208,36.118448 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252e99e4b0e641df8a6e1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Das, Adrian J. 0000-0002-3937-2616 adas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3937-2616","contributorId":3842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Das","given":"Adrian J.","email":"adas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70121475,"text":"70121475 - 2013 - Monitoring vegetation response to episodic disturbance events by using multitemporal vegetation indices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-01T11:46:55","indexId":"70121475","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:51:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring vegetation response to episodic disturbance events by using multitemporal vegetation indices","docAbstract":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite imagery and land/water assessments from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery were used to quantify the extent and severity of damage and subsequent recovery after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita of 2005 within the vegetation communities of Louisiana's coastal wetlands. Field data on species composition and total live cover were collected from 232 unique plots during multiple time periods to corroborate changes in NDVI values over time. Aprehurricane 5-year baseline time series clearly identified NDVI values by habitat type, suggesting the sensitivity of NDVI to assess and monitor phenological changes in coastal wetland habitats. Monthly data from March 2005 to November 2006 were compared to the baseline average to create a departure from average statistic. Departures suggest that over 33% (4,714 km2) of the prestorm, coastal wetlands experienced a substantial decline in the density and vigor of vegetation by October 2005 (poststorm), mostly in the east and west regions, where landfalls of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita occurred. The percentage of area of persistent vegetation damage due to long-lasting formation of new open water was 91.8% in the east and 81.0% and 29.0% in the central and west regions, respectively. Although below average NDVI values were observed in most marsh communities through November 2006, recovery of vegetation was evident. Results indicated that impacts and recovery from large episodic disturbance events that influence multiple habitat types can be accurately determined using NDVI, especially when integrated with assessments of physical landscape changes and field verifications.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/SI63-011.1","usgsCitation":"Steyer, G.D., Couvillion, B.R., and Barras, J., 2013, Monitoring vegetation response to episodic disturbance events by using multitemporal vegetation indices: Journal of Coastal Research, no. 63, p. 118-130, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI63-011.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"118","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-035355","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292831,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.0434,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,30.5829 ], [ -88.8162,30.5829 ], [ -88.8162,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,28.9254 ] ] ] } } ] }","issue":"63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f85975e4b03f038c5c1872","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steyer, Gregory D. 0000-0001-7231-0110 steyerg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-0110","contributorId":2856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyer","given":"Gregory","email":"steyerg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Couvillion, Brady R. 0000-0001-5323-1687 couvillionb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1687","contributorId":3829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couvillion","given":"Brady","email":"couvillionb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barras, John A. jbarras@usgs.gov","contributorId":2425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barras","given":"John A.","email":"jbarras@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70113269,"text":"70113269 - 2013 - Reply to discussion: \"Nutrient inputs to the Laurentian Great Lakes by source and watershed estimated using SPARROW watershed models\" by R. Peter Richards, Ibrahim Alameddine, J. David Allan, David B. Baker, Nathan S. Bosch, Remegio Confesor, Joseph V. DePinto, David M. Dolan, Jeffrey M. Reutter, and Donald Scavia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:26:08","indexId":"70113269","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:50:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to discussion: \"Nutrient inputs to the Laurentian Great Lakes by source and watershed estimated using SPARROW watershed models\" by R. Peter Richards, Ibrahim Alameddine, J. David Allan, David B. Baker, Nathan S. Bosch, Remegio Confesor, Joseph V. DePinto, David M. Dolan, Jeffrey M. Reutter, and Donald Scavia","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12060","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., and Saad, D.A., 2013, Reply to discussion: \"Nutrient inputs to the Laurentian Great Lakes by source and watershed estimated using SPARROW watershed models\" by R. Peter Richards, Ibrahim Alameddine, J. David Allan, David B. Baker, Nathan S. Bosch, Remegio Confesor, Joseph V. DePinto, David M. Dolan, Jeffrey M. Reutter, and Donald Scavia: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 49, no. 3, p. 725-734, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12060.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"725","endPage":"734","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-043685","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288908,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12060"},{"id":288954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7813e4b0abf75cf2c913","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/jawr.12060","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12060","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Robertson Dale M., Saad David A.","journalName":"JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association","publicationDate":"5/13/2013","auditedOn":"11/15/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saad, David A. dasaad@usgs.gov","contributorId":121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saad","given":"David","email":"dasaad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70102297,"text":"70102297 - 2013 - Strong species-environment feedback shapes plant community assembly along environmental gradients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-22T09:57:32","indexId":"70102297","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:49:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strong species-environment feedback shapes plant community assembly along environmental gradients","docAbstract":"An aim of community ecology is to understand the patterns of competing species assembly along environmental gradients. All species interact with their environments. However, theories of community assembly have seldom taken into account the effects of species that are able to engineer the environment. In this modeling study, we integrate the species' engineering trait together with processes of immigration and local dispersal into a theory of community assembly. We quantify the species' engineering trait as the degree to which it can move the local environment away from its baseline state towards the optimum state of the species (species-environment feedback). We find that, in the presence of immigration from a regional pool, strong feedback can increase local species richness; however, in the absence of continual immigration, species richness is a declining function of the strength of species-environment feedback. This shift from a negative effect of engineering strength on species richness to a positive effect, as immigration rate increases, is clearer when there is spatial heterogeneity in the form of a gradient in environmental conditions than when the environment is homogeneous or it is randomly heterogeneous. Increasing the scale over which local dispersal occurs can facilitate species richness when there is no species-environment feedback or when the feedback is weak. However, increases in the spatial scale of dispersal can reduce species richness when the species-environment feedback is strong. These results expand the theoretical basis for understanding the effects of the strength of species-environment feedback on community assembly.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.784","usgsCitation":"Jiang, J., and DeAngelis, D., 2013, Strong species-environment feedback shapes plant community assembly along environmental gradients: Ecology and Evolution, v. 3, no. 12, p. 4119-4128, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.784.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"4119","endPage":"4128","ipdsId":"IP-044975","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.784","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286485,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286482,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.784"}],"volume":"3","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53578f71e4b0938066bc81f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, Jiang","contributorId":46838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"Jiang","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":88015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70121472,"text":"70121472 - 2013 - Economic vulnerability to sea-level rise along the northern U.S. Gulf Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:43:23","indexId":"70121472","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:47:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Economic vulnerability to sea-level rise along the northern U.S. Gulf Coast","docAbstract":"The northern Gulf of Mexico coast of the United States has been identified as highly vulnerable to sea-level rise, based on a combination of physical and societal factors. Vulnerability of human populations and infrastructure to projected increases in sea level is a critical area of uncertainty for communities in the extremely low-lying and flat northern gulf coastal zone. A rapidly growing population along some parts of the northern Gulf of Mexico coastline is further increasing the potential societal and economic impacts of projected sea-level rise in the region, where observed relative rise rates range from 0.75 to 9.95 mm per year on the Gulf coasts of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida. A 1-m elevation threshold was chosen as an inclusive designation of the coastal zone vulnerable to relative sea-level rise, because of uncertainty associated with sea-level rise projections. This study applies a Coastal Economic Vulnerability Index (CEVI) to the northern Gulf of Mexico region, which includes both physical and economic factors that contribute to societal risk of impacts from rising sea level. The economic variables incorporated in the CEVI include human population, urban land cover, economic value of key types of infrastructure, and residential and commercial building values. The variables are standardized and combined to produce a quantitative index value for each 1-km coastal segment, highlighting areas where human populations and the built environment are most at risk. This information can be used by coastal managers as they allocate limited resources for ecosystem restoration, beach nourishment, and coastal-protection infrastructure. The study indicates a large amount of variability in index values along the northern Gulf of Mexico coastline, and highlights areas where long-term planning to enhance resiliency is particularly needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/SI63-017.1","usgsCitation":"Thatcher, C., Brock, J., and Pendleton, E., 2013, Economic vulnerability to sea-level rise along the northern U.S. Gulf Coast: Journal of Coastal Research, v. Spring 2013, p. 234-243, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI63-017.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"234","endPage":"243","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-035352","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292829,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Florida;Louisiana;Mississippi;Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.3617,28.9254 ], [ -95.3617,30.9039 ], [ -84.3887,30.9039 ], [ -84.3887,28.9254 ], [ -95.3617,28.9254 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"Spring 2013","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f85956e4b03f038c5c17ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thatcher, Cindy A.","contributorId":79604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Cindy A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brock, John 0000-0002-5289-9332 jbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-9332","contributorId":2261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"John","email":"jbrock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pendleton, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":101312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70118254,"text":"70118254 - 2013 - Empirical estimates to reduce modeling uncertainties of soil organic carbon in permafrost regions: a review of recent progress and remaining challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T15:38:33","indexId":"70118254","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:46:51","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Empirical estimates to reduce modeling uncertainties of soil organic carbon in permafrost regions: a review of recent progress and remaining challenges","docAbstract":"The vast amount of organic carbon (OC) stored in soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region is a potentially vulnerable component of the global carbon cycle. However, estimates of the quantity, decomposability, and combustibility of OC contained in permafrost-region soils remain highly uncertain, thereby limiting our ability to predict the release of greenhouse gases due to permafrost thawing. Substantial differences exist between empirical and modeling estimates of the quantity and distribution of permafrost-region soil OC, which contribute to large uncertainties in predictions of carbon–climate feedbacks under future warming. Here, we identify research challenges that constrain current assessments of the distribution and potential decomposability of soil OC stocks in the northern permafrost region and suggest priorities for future empirical and modeling studies to address these challenges.","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Physics Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035020","usgsCitation":"Mishra, U., Jastrow, J., Matamala, R., Hugelius, G., Koven, C., Harden, J.W., Ping, S., Michaelson, G., Fan, Z., Miller, R., McGuire, A., Tarnocai, C., Kuhry, P., Riley, W., Schaefer, K., Schuur, E., Jorgenson, M., and Hinzman, L., 2013, Empirical estimates to reduce modeling uncertainties of soil organic carbon in permafrost regions: a review of recent progress and remaining challenges: Environmental Research Letters, v. 8, no. 3, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035020.","productDescription":"9 p.","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-049150","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291102,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035020"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f38ee4b0bc0bec0a0a44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mishra, U.","contributorId":99906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mishra","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jastrow, J.D.","contributorId":89730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jastrow","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matamala, R.","contributorId":106417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matamala","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hugelius, G.","contributorId":27338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hugelius","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koven, C.D.","contributorId":34017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koven","given":"C.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ping, S.L.","contributorId":13161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ping","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Michaelson, G.J.","contributorId":94985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelson","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fan, Z.","contributorId":31211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fan","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miller, R.M.","contributorId":30555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tarnocai, C.","contributorId":67391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarnocai","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kuhry, P.","contributorId":57277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhry","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Riley, W.J.","contributorId":76618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Schaefer, K.","contributorId":64127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Schuur, E.A.G.","contributorId":106679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuur","given":"E.A.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Jorgenson, M.T.","contributorId":26889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Hinzman, L. D.","contributorId":90083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinzman","given":"L. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70125275,"text":"70125275 - 2013 - A natural resource condition assessment for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks: Appendix 11a: giant sequoias","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-25T09:58:16","indexId":"70125275","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/SEKI/NR--2013/665.11a","title":"A natural resource condition assessment for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks: Appendix 11a: giant sequoias","docAbstract":"For natural resource managers in the southern Sierra Nevada, giant sequoia requires very little \nintroduction. It receives great attention as an icon of western forests and as a common namesake \nwith the areas where it occurs. While it is a single component of a very complex system, its \nattention in this assessment and in general is well deserved. Giant sequoia is one of the few \n\"destination species\" that attracts a wide swath of the public by nature of it simply being present. \nIt draws people, who otherwise may not travel, to a natural environment. The result is an \nexpansion of the public’s sense of natural resource stewardship. Because park managers could \nnot achieve their mission without public support, this fostering role of giant sequoia is critical for \npark natural resources and is important for natural resources in general.
\nDespite its social relevance and physical size, we re-emphasize here that the giant sequoia \nresource is a relatively small component of the ecosystems of the southern Sierra Nevada. As is \nthe case with all of the resources assessed in the NRCA, we focus on giant sequoia with the \nunderstanding that other resources will be considered simultaneously when evaluating \nmanagement decisions that impact giant sequoia. While we attempt to explicitly address the \ninteraction of giant sequoia with other resources and stressors, we also realize that ultimately \nmanagers will integrate much more information than is presented here when making decisions \nthat influence giant sequoia.
\nThe autecology and management issues surrounding giant sequoia have been thoroughly \nreviewed elsewhere (Harvey et al. 1980, Aune 1994, Stephenson 1996). Stephenson (1996), in \nparticular, should be reviewed when considering any management decisions that potentially \nimpact giant sequoia. For those who may not be familiar with giant sequoia ecology, a summary \nof basic information is provided in a table below. In some parts of this assessment, we reproduce \ntext from Stephenson’s review because it is still relatively current for addressing some of the\nstressors. Numerous recent studies reported since 1996 have confirmed and expanded the \nunderstanding of giant sequoia, especially in areas related to ecophysiology and the effectiveness\nof restoration treatments. These recent studies are integrated into this assessment. Additionally, \nmuch unpublished work has been done that is useful for establishing baselines and evaluating \ntrends. This work is presented in detail in order to expand upon previous work and to inform the \nfinal assessments. Instead of providing an introductory description of giant sequoia distribution \nand the various landowners who manage groves, we refer readers to the more recent descriptions \nprovided by Stephenson (1996) and Willard (2000). Some of the relevant points from these \ndescriptions with respect to giant sequoia within SEKI and Giant Sequoia National Monument \n(GSNM) include:
\n- Of the native giant sequoia grove area in SEKI and GSNM approximately 38% is within \nSEKI and 62% is within GSNM.
\n- 35 of the groves that make up the entire population are all or partially managed by SEKI\nand 33 are managed by GSNM.
\n- As we have done above, reviewers addressing giant sequoia widely recognize its \ntranscendence beyond an ecologically important species to one with considerable added \ncultural value.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A natural resource condition assessment for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"York, R.A., Stephenson, N.L., Meyer, M., Hanna, S., Tadashi, M., Caprio, A., and Battles, J.J., 2013, A natural resource condition assessment for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks: Appendix 11a: giant sequoias: Natural Resource Report NPS/SEKI/NR--2013/665.11a, vii, 81 p.","productDescription":"vii, 81 p.","numberOfPages":"106","ipdsId":"IP-035049","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294463,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/App/Reference/Profile/2195594"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Kings Canyon National Park;Sequoia National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.983208,36.118448 ], [ -118.983208,37.237613 ], [ -118.020777,37.237613 ], [ -118.020777,36.118448 ], [ -118.983208,36.118448 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54252e98e4b0e641df8a6e18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"York, Robert A.","contributorId":87871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, Marc","contributorId":21878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Marc","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanna, Steve","contributorId":65776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanna","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tadashi, Moody","contributorId":60558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tadashi","given":"Moody","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Caprio, Anthony C.","contributorId":35863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caprio","given":"Anthony C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Battles, John J.","contributorId":102006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battles","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":501093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70138950,"text":"70138950 - 2013 - The environmental-data automated track annotation (Env-DATA) system: linking animal tracks with environmental data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T09:31:15","indexId":"70138950","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The environmental-data automated track annotation (Env-DATA) system: linking animal tracks with environmental data","docAbstract":"The movement of animals is strongly influenced by external factors in their surrounding environment such as weather, habitat types, and human land use. With advances in positioning and sensor technologies, it is now possible to capture animal locations at high spatial and temporal granularities. Likewise, scientists have an increasing access to large volumes of environmental data. Environmental data are heterogeneous in source and format, and are usually obtained at different spatiotemporal scales than movement data. Indeed, there remain scientific and technical challenges in developing linkages between the growing collections of animal movement data and the large repositories of heterogeneous remote sensing observations, as well as in the developments of new statistical and computational methods for the analysis of movement in its environmental context. These challenges include retrieval, indexing, efficient storage, data integration, and analytical techniques.
","language":"English","publisher":"Minerva Center for Movement Ecology","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1186/2051-3933-1-3","usgsCitation":"Dodge, S., Bohrer, G., Weinzierl, R.P., Davidson, S.C., Kays, R., Douglas, D.C., Cruz, S., Han, J., Brandes, D., and Wikelski, M., 2013, The environmental-data automated track annotation (Env-DATA) system: linking animal tracks with environmental data: Movement Ecology, v. 1, no. 3, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1186/2051-3933-1-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044477","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2051-3933-1-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297505,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297497,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2051-3933-1-3"}],"volume":"1","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c6ce4b08de9379b37d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodge, Somayeh","contributorId":138916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dodge","given":"Somayeh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohrer, Gil","contributorId":66569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohrer","given":"Gil","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weinzierl, Rolf P.","contributorId":74687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weinzierl","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davidson, Sarah C.","contributorId":31651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kays, Roland","contributorId":83815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kays","given":"Roland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cruz, Sebastian","contributorId":26987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cruz","given":"Sebastian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Han, J.","contributorId":52442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Han","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Brandes, David","contributorId":138917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandes","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35653,"text":"Lafayette College, Easton, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wikelski, Martin","contributorId":76451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wikelski","given":"Martin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70121460,"text":"70121460 - 2013 - Marsh collapse thresholds for coastal Louisiana estimated using elevation and vegetation index data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-22T09:46:03","indexId":"70121460","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:42:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marsh collapse thresholds for coastal Louisiana estimated using elevation and vegetation index data","docAbstract":"Forecasting marsh collapse in coastal Louisiana as a result of changes in sea-level rise, subsidence, and accretion deficits necessitates an understanding of thresholds beyond which inundation stress impedes marsh survival. The variability in thresholds at which different marsh types cease to occur (i.e., marsh collapse) is not well understood. We utilized remotely sensed imagery, field data, and elevation data to help gain insight into the relationships between vegetation health and inundation. A Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dataset was calculated using remotely sensed data at peak biomass (August) and used as a proxy for vegetation health and productivity. Statistics were calculated for NDVI values by marsh type for intermediate, brackish, and saline marsh in coastal Louisiana. Marsh-type specific NDVI values of 1.5 and 2 standard deviations below the mean were used as upper and lower limits to identify conditions indicative of collapse. As marshes seldom occur beyond these values, they are believed to represent a range within which marsh collapse is likely to occur. Inundation depth was selected as the primary candidate for evaluation of marsh collapse thresholds. Elevation relative to mean water level (MWL) was calculated by subtracting MWL from an elevation dataset compiled from multiple data types including light detection and ranging (lidar) and bathymetry. A polynomial cubic regression was used to examine a random subset of pixels to determine the relationship between elevation (relative to MWL) and NDVI. The marsh collapse uncertainty range values were found by locating the intercept of the regression line with the 1.5 and 2 standard deviations below the mean NDVI value for each marsh type. Results indicate marsh collapse uncertainty ranges of 30.7–35.8 cm below MWL for intermediate marsh, 20–25.6 cm below MWL for brackish marsh, and 16.9–23.5 cm below MWL for saline marsh. These values are thought to represent the ranges of inundation depths within which marsh collapse is probable.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/SI63-006.1","usgsCitation":"Couvillion, B., and Beck, H., 2013, Marsh collapse thresholds for coastal Louisiana estimated using elevation and vegetation index data: Journal of Coastal Research, p. 58-67, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI63-006.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"58","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-035354","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292823,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/SI63-006.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.0434,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,30.6491 ], [ -88.8162,30.6491 ], [ -88.8162,28.9254 ], [ -94.0434,28.9254 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f8596ae4b03f038c5c1847","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Couvillion, Brady R. 0000-0001-5323-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1687","contributorId":98834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couvillion","given":"Brady R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beck, Holly 0000-0002-0567-9329","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0567-9329","contributorId":54714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"Holly","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70118249,"text":"70118249 - 2013 - Reorganization of vegetation, hydrology and soil carbon after permafrost degradation across heterogeneous boreal landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T19:55:37","indexId":"70118249","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:41:03","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reorganization of vegetation, hydrology and soil carbon after permafrost degradation across heterogeneous boreal landscapes","docAbstract":"The diversity of ecosystems across boreal landscapes, successional changes after disturbance and complicated permafrost histories, present enormous challenges for assessing how vegetation, water and soil carbon may respond to climate change in boreal regions. To address this complexity, we used a chronosequence approach to assess changes in vegetation composition, water storage and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks along successional gradients within four landscapes: (1) rocky uplands on ice-poor hillside colluvium, (2) silty uplands on extremely ice-rich loess, (3) gravelly–sandy lowlands on ice-poor eolian sand and (4) peaty–silty lowlands on thick ice-rich peat deposits over reworked lowland loess. In rocky uplands, after fire permafrost thawed rapidly due to low ice contents, soils became well drained and SOC stocks decreased slightly. In silty uplands, after fire permafrost persisted, soils remained saturated and SOC decreased slightly. In gravelly–sandy lowlands where permafrost persisted in drier forest soils, loss of deeper permafrost around lakes has allowed recent widespread drainage of lakes that has exposed limnic material with high SOC to aerobic decomposition. In peaty–silty lowlands, 2–4 m of thaw settlement led to fragmented drainage patterns in isolated thermokarst bogs and flooding of soils, and surface soils accumulated new bog peat. We were not able to detect SOC changes in deeper soils, however, due to high variability. Complicated soil stratigraphy revealed that permafrost has repeatedly aggraded and degraded in all landscapes during the Holocene, although in silty uplands only the upper permafrost was affected. Overall, permafrost thaw has led to the reorganization of vegetation, water storage and flow paths, and patterns of SOC accumulation. However, changes have occurred over different timescales among landscapes: over decades in rocky uplands and gravelly–sandy lowlands in response to fire and lake drainage, over decades to centuries in peaty–silty lowlands with a legacy of complicated Holocene changes, and over centuries in silty uplands where ice-rich soil and ecological recovery protect permafrost.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Physics Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035017","usgsCitation":"Jorgenson, M., Harden, J., Kanevskiy, M., O'Donnell, J., Wickland, K., Ewing, S., Manies, K., Zhuang, Q., Shur, Y., Striegl, R.G., and Koch, J.C., 2013, Reorganization of vegetation, hydrology and soil carbon after permafrost degradation across heterogeneous boreal landscapes: Environmental Research Letters, v. 8, no. 3, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035017.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":474014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291100,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035017"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f38ee4b0bc0bec0a0a46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":40486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer","contributorId":46190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kanevskiy, Mikhail","contributorId":60511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanevskiy","given":"Mikhail","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O'Donnell, Jonathan","contributorId":17924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wickland, Kim 0000-0002-6400-0590","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":28909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"Kim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ewing, Stephanie","contributorId":65773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Manies, Kristen","contributorId":16559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zhuang, Qianlai","contributorId":101975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhuang","given":"Qianlai","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shur, Yuri","contributorId":39302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shur","given":"Yuri","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":496585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70038857,"text":"70038857 - 2013 - Survival of Apache Trout eggs and alevins under static and fluctuating temperature regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T13:52:27","indexId":"70038857","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival of Apache Trout eggs and alevins under static and fluctuating temperature regimes","docAbstract":"Increased stream temperatures due to global climate change, livestock grazing, removal of riparian cover, reduction of stream flow, and urbanization will have important implications for fishes worldwide. Information exists that describes the effects of elevated water temperatures on fish eggs, but less information is available on the effects of fluctuating water temperatures on egg survival, especially those of threatened and endangered species. We tested the posthatch survival of eyed eggs and alevins of Apache Trout Oncorhynchus gilae apache, a threatened salmonid, in static temperatures of 15, 18, 21, 24, and 27°C, and also in treatments with diel fluctuations of ±3°C around those temperatures. The LT50 for posthatch survival of Apache Trout eyed eggs and alevins was 17.1°C for static temperatures treatments and 17.9°C for the midpoints of ±3°C fluctuating temperature treatments. There was no significant difference in survival between static temperatures and fluctuating temperatures that shared the same mean temperature, yet there was a slight difference in LT50s. Upper thermal tolerance of Apache Trout eyed eggs and alevins is much lower than that of fry to adult life stages (22–23°C). Information on thermal tolerance of early life stages (eyed egg and alevin) will be valuable to those restoring streams or investigating thermal tolerances of imperiled fishes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2012.741551","usgsCitation":"Recsetar, M.S., and Bonar, S.A., 2013, Survival of Apache Trout eggs and alevins under static and fluctuating temperature regimes: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 142, no. 2, p. 373-379, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.741551.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"379","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038268","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":279100,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279099,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2012.741551"}],"volume":"142","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5287509de4b03b89f6f155d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Recsetar, Matthew S.","contributorId":67395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Recsetar","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70124603,"text":"70124603 - 2013 - Flying with the wind: Scale dependency of speed and direction measurements in modelling wind support in avian flight","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T10:29:43","indexId":"70124603","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:38:23","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2792,"text":"Movement Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flying with the wind: Scale dependency of speed and direction measurements in modelling wind support in avian flight","docAbstract":"Background: Understanding how environmental conditions, especially wind, influence birds' flight speeds is a prerequisite for understanding many important aspects of bird flight, including optimal migration strategies, navigation, and compensation for wind drift. Recent developments in tracking technology and the increased availability of data on large-scale weather patterns have made it possible to use path annotation to link the location of animals to environmental conditions such as wind speed and direction. However, there are various measures available for describing not only wind conditions but also the bird's flight direction and ground speed, and it is unclear which is best for determining the amount of wind support (the length of the wind vector in a bird’s flight direction) and the influence of cross-winds (the length of the wind vector perpendicular to a bird’s direction) throughout a bird's journey.
Results: We compared relationships between cross-wind, wind support and bird movements, using path annotation derived from two different global weather reanalysis datasets and three different measures of direction and speed calculation for 288 individuals of nine bird species. Wind was a strong predictor of bird ground speed, explaining 10-66% of the variance, depending on species. Models using data from different weather sources gave qualitatively similar results; however, determining flight direction and speed from successive locations, even at short (15 min intervals), was inferior to using instantaneous GPS-based measures of speed and direction. Use of successive location data significantly underestimated the birds' ground and airspeed, and also resulted in mistaken associations between cross-winds, wind support, and their interactive effects, in relation to the birds' onward flight.
Conclusions: Wind has strong effects on bird flight, and combining GPS technology with path annotation of weather variables allows us to quantify these effects for understanding flight behaviour. The potentially strong influence of scaling effects must be considered and implemented in developing sampling regimes and data analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/2051-3933-1-4","usgsCitation":"Safi, K., Kranstauber, B., Weinzierl, R.P., Griffin, L., Reese, E.C., Cabot, D., Cruz, S., Proaño, C., Takekawa, J.Y., Newman, S.H., Waldenstrom, J., Bengtsson, D., Kays, R., Wikelski, M., and Bohrer, G., 2013, Flying with the wind: Scale dependency of speed and direction measurements in modelling wind support in avian flight: Movement Ecology, v. 1, no. 4, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/2051-3933-1-4.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046325","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2051-3933-1-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54140b1fe4b082fed288b912","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Safi, Kamran","contributorId":83036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safi","given":"Kamran","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kranstauber, Bart","contributorId":66610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kranstauber","given":"Bart","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weinzierl, Rolf P.","contributorId":74687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weinzierl","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griffin, Larry","contributorId":108038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Larry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reese, Eileen C.","contributorId":30157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reese","given":"Eileen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cabot, David","contributorId":13160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabot","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cruz, Sebastian","contributorId":26987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cruz","given":"Sebastian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Proaño, Carolina","contributorId":28180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Proaño","given":"Carolina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Waldenstrom, Jonas","contributorId":42891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldenstrom","given":"Jonas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bengtsson, Daniel","contributorId":56168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bengtsson","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kays, Roland","contributorId":83815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kays","given":"Roland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Wikelski, Martin","contributorId":76451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wikelski","given":"Martin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Bohrer, Gil","contributorId":66569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohrer","given":"Gil","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70118248,"text":"70118248 - 2013 - Permafrost and organic layer interactions over a climate gradient in a discontinuous permafrost zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T14:00:29","indexId":"70118248","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:32:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Permafrost and organic layer interactions over a climate gradient in a discontinuous permafrost zone","docAbstract":"Permafrost is tightly coupled to the organic soil layer, an interaction that mediates permafrost degradation in response to regional warming. We analyzed changes in permafrost occurrence and organic layer thickness (OLT) using more than 3000 soil pedons across a mean annual temperature (MAT) gradient. Cause and effect relationships between permafrost probability (PF), OLT, and other topographic factors were investigated using structural equation modeling in a multi-group analysis. Groups were defined by slope, soil texture type, and shallow (<28 cm) versus deep organic (≥28 cm) layers. The probability of observing permafrost sharply increased by 0.32 for every 10-cm OLT increase in shallow OLT soils (OLTs) due to an insulation effect, but PF decreased in deep OLT soils (OLTd) by 0.06 for every 10-cm increase. Across the MAT gradient, PF in sandy soils varied little, but PF in loamy and silty soils decreased substantially from cooler to warmer temperatures. The change in OLT was more heterogeneous across soil texture types—in some there was no change while in others OLTs soils thinned and/or OLTd soils thickened at warmer locations. Furthermore, when soil organic carbon was estimated using a relationship with thickness, the average increase in carbon in OLTd soils was almost four times greater compared to the average decrease in carbon in OLTs soils across all soil types. If soils follow a trajectory of warming that mimics the spatial gradients found today, then heterogeneities of permafrost degradation and organic layer thinning and thickening should be considered in the regional carbon balance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Physics Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035028","usgsCitation":"Johnson, K.D., Harden, J.W., McGuire, A., Clark, M., Yuan, F., and Finley, A., 2013, Permafrost and organic layer interactions over a climate gradient in a discontinuous permafrost zone: Environmental Research Letters, v. 8, no. 3, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035028.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-049439","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035028","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f38ee4b0bc0bec0a0a4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Kristofer D.","contributorId":81027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kristofer","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. David","contributorId":18494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, Mark","contributorId":25879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yuan, Fengming","contributorId":81819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"Fengming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Finley, Andrew O.","contributorId":70666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"Andrew O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70111754,"text":"70111754 - 2013 - Invasive species management restores a plant-pollinator mutualism in Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T12:22:04","indexId":"70111754","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:24:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invasive species management restores a plant-pollinator mutualism in Hawaii","docAbstract":"1.The management and removal of invasive species may give rise to unanticipated changes in plant–pollinator mutualisms because they can alter the composition and functioning of plant–pollinator interactions in a variety of ways. To utilize a functional approach for invasive species management, we examined the restoration of plant–pollinator mutualisms following the large-scale removal of an invasive nectar thief and arthropod predator, Vespula pensylvanica.
\n2.We reduced V. pensylvanica populations in large plots managed over multiple years to examine the response of plant–pollinator mutualisms and the fruit production of a functionally important endemic Hawaiian tree species, Metrosideros polymorpha. To integrate knowledge of the invader's behaviour and the plant's mating system, we determined the efficacy of V. pensylvanica as a pollinator of M. polymorpha and quantified the dependence of M. polymorpha on animal pollination (e.g. level of self-compatibility and pollen limitation).
\n3.The reduction of V. pensylvanica in managed sites, when compared to unmanaged sites, resulted in a significant increase in the visitation rates of effective bee pollinators (e.g. introduced Apis mellifera and native Hylaeus spp.) and in the fruit production of M. polymorpha.
\n4.Apis mellifera, following the management of V. pensylvanica, appears to be acting as a substitute pollinator for M. polymorpha, replacing extinct or threatened bird and bee species in our study system.
\n5.Synthesis and applications. Fruit production of the native M. polymorpha was increased after management of the invasive pollinator predator V. pensylvanica; however, the main pollinators were no longer native but introduced. This research thus demonstrates the diverse impacts of introduced species on ecological function and the ambiguous role they play in restoration. We recommend incorporating ecological function and context into invasive species management as this approach may enable conservation managers to simultaneously minimize the negative and maximize the positive impacts (e.g. taxon substitution) of introduced species. Such novel restoration approaches are needed, especially in highly degraded ecosystems.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12027","usgsCitation":"Hanna, C., Foote, D., and Kremen, C., 2013, Invasive species management restores a plant-pollinator mutualism in Hawaii: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 147-155, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12027.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"155","ipdsId":"IP-052203","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12027","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288170,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288162,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12027"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.798371,19.058221 ], [ -155.798371,19.547589 ], [ -155.016307,19.547589 ], [ -155.016307,19.058221 ], [ -155.798371,19.058221 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5396d772e4b0f7580bc0a91c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanna, Cause","contributorId":69035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanna","given":"Cause","affiliations":[{"id":13013,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":494466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foote, David dfoote@usgs.gov","contributorId":375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foote","given":"David","email":"dfoote@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kremen, Claire","contributorId":15912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kremen","given":"Claire","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70048567,"text":"70048567 - 2013 - Effects of mercury deposition and coniferous forests on the mercury contamination of fish in the south central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-24T09:35:11","indexId":"70048567","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:21:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of mercury deposition and coniferous forests on the mercury contamination of fish in the south central United States","docAbstract":"Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that is found in aquatic food webs and is hazardous to human and wildlife health. We examined the relationship between Hg deposition, land coverage by coniferous and deciduous forests, and average Hg concentrations in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)-equivalent fish (LMBE) in 14 ecoregions located within all or part of six states in the South Central U.S. In 11 ecoregions, the average Hg concentrations in 35.6-cm total length LMBE were above 300 ng/g, the threshold concentration of Hg recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the issuance of fish consumption advisories. Percent land coverage by coniferous forests within ecoregions had a significant linear relationship with average Hg concentrations in LMBE while percent land coverage by deciduous forests did not. Eighty percent of the variance in average Hg concentrations in LMBE between ecoregions could be accounted for by estimated Hg deposition after adjusting for the effects of coniferous forests. Here we show for the first time that fish from ecoregions with high atmospheric Hg pollution and coniferous forest coverage pose a significant hazard to human health. Our study suggests that models that use Hg deposition to predict Hg concentrations in fish could be improved by including the effects of coniferous forests on Hg deposition.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es303734n","usgsCitation":"Drenner, R.W., Chumchal, M.M., Jones, C.M., Lehmann, C.M., Gay, D., and Donato, D.I., 2013, Effects of mercury deposition and coniferous forests on the mercury contamination of fish in the south central United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 47, no. 3, p. 1274-1279, https://doi.org/10.1021/es303734n.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1274","endPage":"1279","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-040449","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278352,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":278351,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es303734n"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas;Louisiana;Mississippi;Oklahoma;Tennessee;Texas","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas Valley;Boston Mountains;Central Great Plainsl Cross Timbers;East Central Texas Plains;Mississippi Alluvial Plain;Mississippi Valley Loess Plains;Ozark Highlands;Ouachita Mountains;South Central Plains;Southeastern Plains;Southern Coastal Plain;Texas Blackland Prairies;Western Gulf Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.8,25.84 ], [ -100.8,36.96 ], [ -86.92,36.96 ], [ -86.92,25.84 ], [ -100.8,25.84 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"526a416fe4b0c0d229f9f66e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenner, Ray W.","contributorId":46407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenner","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chumchal, Matthew M.","contributorId":84659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chumchal","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Christina M.","contributorId":104389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lehmann, Christopher M.B.","contributorId":84859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehmann","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gay, David A.","contributorId":68022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Donato, David I. 0000-0002-5412-0249 didonato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5412-0249","contributorId":2234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donato","given":"David","email":"didonato@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":485099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70095678,"text":"70095678 - 2013 - The magnetic tides of Honolulu","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-10T09:26:40","indexId":"70095678","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:20:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"The magnetic tides of Honolulu","docAbstract":"We review the phenomenon of time-stationary, periodic quiet-time geomagnetic tides. These are generated by the ionospheric and oceanic dynamos, and, to a lesser-extent, by the quiet-time magnetosphere, and they are affected by currents induced in the Earth's electrically conducting interior. We examine historical time series of hourly magnetic-vector measurements made at the Honolulu observatory. We construct high-resolution, frequency-domain Lomb-periodogram and maximum-entropy power spectra that reveal a panorama of stationary harmonics across periods from 0.1 to 10000.0-d, including harmonics that result from amplitude and phase modulation. We identify solar-diurnal tides and their annual and solar-cycle sideband modulations, lunar semi-diurnal tides and their solar-diurnal sidebands, and tides due to precession of lunar eccentricity and nodes. We provide evidence that a method intended for separating the ionospheric and oceanic dynamo signals by midnight subsampling of observatory data time series is prone to frequency-domain aliasing. The tidal signals we summarize in this review can be used to test our fundamental understanding of the dynamics of the quiet-time ionosphere and magnetosphere, induction in the ocean and in the electrically conducting interior of the Earth, and they are useful for defining a quiet-time baseline against which magnetospheric-storm intensity is measured.","largerWorkTitle":"Progress in EM Induction Studies of Crust and Mantle From Land, Sea, Air, and Space lll Posters","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., and Rigler, E.J., 2013, The magnetic tides of Honolulu, in Progress in EM Induction Studies of Crust and Mantle From Land, Sea, Air, and Space lll Posters.","ipdsId":"IP-055292","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":283502,"type":{"id":1,"text":"Abstract"},"url":"https://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2013/FM/sections/GP/sessions/GP23A/abstracts/GP23A-0983.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7830e4b0b2908510bfb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rigler, Erin Joshua","contributorId":85502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rigler","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"Joshua","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70117450,"text":"70117450 - 2013 - Eocene extension in Idaho generated massive sediment floods into Franciscan trench and into Tyee, Great Valley, and Green River basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T16:17:05.904012","indexId":"70117450","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:11:12","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eocene extension in Idaho generated massive sediment floods into Franciscan trench and into Tyee, Great Valley, and Green River basins","docAbstract":"The Franciscan Complex accretionary prism was assembled during an ∼165-m.y.-long period of subduction of Pacific Ocean plates beneath the western margin of the North American plate. In such fossil subduction complexes, it is generally difficult to reconstruct details of the accretion of continent-derived sediments and to evaluate the factors that controlled accretion. New detrital zircon U-Pb ages indicate that much of the major Coastal belt subunit of the Franciscan Complex represents a massive, relatively brief, surge of near-trench deposition and accretion during Eocene time (ca. 53–49 Ma). Sediments were sourced mainly from the distant Idaho Batholith region rather than the nearby Sierra Nevada. Idaho detritus also fed the Great Valley forearc basin of California (ca. 53–37 Ma), the Tyee forearc basin of coastal Oregon (49 to ca. 36 Ma), and the greater Green River lake basin of Wyoming (50–47 Ma). Plutonism in the Idaho Batholith spanned 98–53 Ma in a contractional setting; it was abruptly superseded by major extension in the Bitterroot, Anaconda, Clearwater, and Priest River metamorphic core complexes (53–40 Ma) and by major volcanism in the Challis volcanic field (51–43 Ma). This extensional tectonism apparently deformed and uplifted a broad region, shedding voluminous sediments toward depocenters to the west and southeast. In the Franciscan Coastal belt, the major increase in sediment input apparently triggered a pulse of massive accretion, a pulse ultimately controlled by continental tectonism far within the interior of the North American plate, rather than by some tectonic event along the plate boundary itself.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G33746.1","usgsCitation":"Dumitru, T.A., Ernst, W., Wright, J.E., Wooden, J., Wells, R., Farmer, L.P., Kent, A., and Graham, S.A., 2013, Eocene extension in Idaho generated massive sediment floods into Franciscan trench and into Tyee, Great Valley, and Green River basins: Geology, v. 41, no. 2, p. 187-190, https://doi.org/10.1130/G33746.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"190","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-042320","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290655,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Oregon, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Great Valley River Basin, Green River Basin, Tyee River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -129.95,36.24 ], [ -129.95,50.0 ], [ -107.84,50.0 ], [ -107.84,36.24 ], [ -129.95,36.24 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f38ee4b0bc0bec0a0a4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumitru, Trevor A.","contributorId":13550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumitru","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ernst, W. G.","contributorId":18456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ernst","given":"W. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, James E.","contributorId":105648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":2692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray E.","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":496003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Farmer, Lucia P.","contributorId":7628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"Lucia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kent, Adam J. R.","contributorId":99842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Adam J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Graham, Stephan A.","contributorId":45902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Stephan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70128270,"text":"70128270 - 2013 - Contaminants in stream sediments from seven United States metropolitan areas: part I: distribution in relation to urbanization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-07T08:59:46","indexId":"70128270","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T08:58:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminants in stream sediments from seven United States metropolitan areas: part I: distribution in relation to urbanization","docAbstract":"Organic contaminants and trace elements were measured in bed sediments collected from streams in seven metropolitan study areas across the United States to assess concentrations in relation to urbanization. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, the pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin, and several trace elements were significantly related to urbanization across study areas. Most contaminants (except bifenthrin, chromium, nickel) were significantly related to the total organic carbon (TOC) content of the sediments. Regression models explained 45–80 % of the variability in individual contaminant concentrations using degree of urbanization, sediment-TOC, and study-area indicator variables (which represent the combined influence of unknown factors, such as chemical use or release, that are not captured by available explanatory variables). The significance of one or more study-area indicator variables in all models indicates marked differences in contaminant levels among some study areas, even after accounting for the nationally modeled effects of urbanization and sediment-TOC. Mean probable effect concentration quotients (PECQs) were significantly related to urbanization. Trace elements were the major contributors to mean PECQs at undeveloped sites, whereas organic contaminants, especially bifenthrin, were the major contributors at highly urban sites. Pyrethroids, where detected, accounted for the largest share of the mean PECQ. Part 2 of this series (Kemble et al. 2012) evaluates sediment toxicity to amphipods and midge in relation to sediment chemistry.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s00244-012-9813-0","usgsCitation":"Nowell, L.H., Moran, P.W., Gilliom, R.J., Calhoun, D.L., Ingersoll, C.G., Kemble, N.E., Kuivila, K., and Phillips, P., 2013, Contaminants in stream sediments from seven United States metropolitan areas: part I: distribution in relation to urbanization: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 64, no. 1, p. 32-51, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-012-9813-0.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"51","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-018523","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294959,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-012-9813-0"},{"id":294960,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00244-012-9813-0"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"543500a1e4b0a4f4b46a2380","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowell, Lisa H. 0000-0001-5417-7264 lhnowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-7264","contributorId":490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowell","given":"Lisa","email":"lhnowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Patrick W. 0000-0002-2002-3539 pwmoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-3539","contributorId":489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Patrick","email":"pwmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Calhoun, Daniel L. 0000-0003-2371-6936 dcalhoun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-6936","contributorId":1455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calhoun","given":"Daniel","email":"dcalhoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kemble, Nile E. 0000-0002-3608-0538 nkemble@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3608-0538","contributorId":2626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemble","given":"Nile","email":"nkemble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn 0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":1367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn ","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Phillips, Patrick J. pjphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pjphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70173538,"text":"70173538 - 2013 - Nocturnal activity of nesting shrubland and grassland passerines: Chapter 9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T13:58:20","indexId":"70173538","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T05:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"title":"Nocturnal activity of nesting shrubland and grassland passerines: Chapter 9","docAbstract":"Nocturnal activity of nesting passerines is largely undocumented in field situations. We used video recordings to quantify sleep patterns of four shrubland and three grassland bird species during the nestling period. All species exhibited “back sleep” (bill tucked under scapular feathers); individuals woke frequently for vigils of their surroundings. Sleep-bout duration varied from 6 minutes (grasshopper sparrow) to 28 minutes (blue-winged warbler, field sparrow). Duration on nest varied from 6.4 hours (field sparrow) to 8.8 hours (indigo bunting). Adults woke 20–30 minutes before sunrise. First morning absence from the nest was short; nestlings were fed within 12 minutes of a parent’s departure. Further research is needed to understand energetic costs of sleep and behavioral adaptations to environmental pressures.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Video surveillance of nesting birds","language":"English","publisher":"California Scholarship Online","doi":"10.1525/california/9780520273139.003.0009","isbn":"9780520273139","usgsCitation":"Slay, C., Ellison, K.S., Ribic, C., Smith, K.G., and Schmitz, C.M., 2013, Nocturnal activity of nesting shrubland and grassland passerines: Chapter 9, chap. of Video surveillance of nesting birds, p. 105-115, https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520273139.003.0009.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"115","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029766","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324230,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Southbury","otherGeospatial":"Bent of the River Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.27554702758789,\n 41.450189412149\n ],\n [\n -73.27554702758789,\n 41.472444743545\n ],\n [\n -73.24945449829102,\n 41.472444743545\n ],\n [\n -73.24945449829102,\n 41.450189412149\n ],\n [\n -73.27554702758789,\n 41.450189412149\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6b9e4b07657d1a2291b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slay, Christy M.","contributorId":172334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slay","given":"Christy M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellison, Kevin S.","contributorId":35655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ribic, Christine 0000-0003-2583-1778 caribic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":147952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Kimberly G.","contributorId":80200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmitz, Carolyn M.","contributorId":172335,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmitz","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174138,"text":"70174138 - 2013 - Management of wetlands for wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T16:08:37","indexId":"70174138","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Management of wetlands for wildlife","docAbstract":"Wetlands are highly productive ecosystems that provide habitat for a diversity of wildlife species and afford various ecosystem services. Managing wetlands effectively requires an understanding of basic ecosystem processes, animal and plant life history strategies, and principles of wildlife management. Management techniques that are used differ depending on target species, coastal versus interior wetlands, and available infrastructure, resources, and management objectives. Ideally, wetlands are managed as a complex, with many successional stages and hydroperiods represented in close proximity. Managing wetland wildlife typically involves manipulating water levels and vegetation in the wetland, and providing an upland buffer. Commonly, levees and water control structures are used to manipulate wetland hydrology in combination with other management techniques (e.g., disking, burning, herbicide application) to create desired plant and wildlife responses. In the United States, several conservation programs are available to assist landowners in developing wetland management infrastructure on their property. Managing wetlands to increase habitat quality for wildlife is critical, considering this ecosystem is one of the most imperiled in the world.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-6907-6_4","usgsCitation":"Gray, M.J., Hagy, H.M., J. Andrew Nyman, and Stafford, J.D., 2013, Management of wetlands for wildlife, p. 121-180, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6907-6_4.","productDescription":"60 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"180","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038465","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324562,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb2e4b07657d1a90ce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Matthew J.","contributorId":172498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16989,"text":"University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagy, Heath M.","contributorId":172496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hagy","given":"Heath","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27056,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Havana, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"J. Andrew Nyman","contributorId":172497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"J. Andrew Nyman","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stafford, Joshua D. jstafford@usgs.gov","contributorId":4267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Joshua","email":"jstafford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173534,"text":"70173534 - 2013 - Nest success of grassland birds in oak barrens and dry prairies in west central Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-14T15:42:03","indexId":"70173534","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest success of grassland birds in oak barrens and dry prairies in west central Wisconsin","docAbstract":"We investigated nesting success of grassland birds on dry prairie and oak barrens patches embedded within a forested matrix on Fort McCoy Military Installation. We monitored 280 nests of 9 grassland-bird species from mid-May to late July 2000–2002. Pooecetes gramineus (Vesper Sparrow) andAmmodramus savannarum (Grasshopper Sparrow) were the most abundant nesting species. Vesper Sparrow nest densities were highest on smaller grassland patches, while Grasshopper Sparrow nest densities were highest on the largest patches. Probability of fledging at least one young was 0.20 for Vesper Sparrow. For Grasshopper Sparrow, daily nest survival was higher for nests placed away from trees; probability of fledging at least one young was 0.28 for nests away from trees and 0.05 for nests near trees. Maintaining remnant native habitats is important, and management of woody features may help improve habitat quality for some grassland birds in Wisconsin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.1656/045.020.0110","usgsCitation":"Susan M. Vos, and Ribic, C., 2013, Nest success of grassland birds in oak barrens and dry prairies in west central Wisconsin: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 20, no. 1, p. 131-142, https://doi.org/10.1656/045.020.0110.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"142","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038096","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323608,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"West-central Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.65869140625,\n 45.4524242413431\n ],\n [\n -90.06591796875,\n 45.359865333959746\n ],\n [\n -89.8681640625,\n 43.810747313446996\n ],\n [\n -91.241455078125,\n 43.67581809328344\n ],\n [\n -91.307373046875,\n 43.9058083561574\n ],\n [\n -92.373046875,\n 44.55133484083592\n ],\n [\n -92.779541015625,\n 44.762336674810996\n ],\n [\n -92.757568359375,\n 45.27488643704894\n ],\n [\n -92.65869140625,\n 45.4524242413431\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57612ab2e4b04f417c2ce4ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Susan M. Vos","contributorId":171389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Susan M. Vos","affiliations":[{"id":26883,"text":"Fort McCoy, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":637271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ribic, Christine 0000-0003-2583-1778 caribic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":147952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}