A streamflow routing model was used to calculate the transit losses and traveltimes. Channel and aquifer characteristics, and the model control parameters, were estimated from available data and then verified to the extent possible by comparing model simulated streamflow to observed streamflow at streamflow gaging stations. Transit losses and traveltimes for varying reservoir release rates and durations then were simulated for two different antecedent streamflow (drought) conditions. For the severe-drought antecedent-streamflow condition, it was assumed that only the downstream water use requirement would be released from the reservoir. For a less severe drought (LSD) antecedent streamflow condition, it was assumed than any releases from Marion Lake for water supply use downstream, would be in addition to a nominal dry weather release of 5 cu ft/sec. Water supply release rates of 10 and 25 cu ft/sec for the severe drought condition and 5, 10, and 25 cu ft/sec for the less severe drought condition were simulated for periods of 28 and 183 days commencing on July 1. Transit losses for the severe drought condition for all reservoir release rates and durations ranged from 12% to 78% of the maximum downstream flow rate and from 27% to 91% of the total volume of reservoir storage released. For the LSD condition, transit losses ranged from 7% to 29% of the maximum downstream flow rate and from 10% to 48% of the total volume of release. The 183-day releases had larger total transit losses, but losses on a percentage basis were less than the losses for the 28-day release period for both antecedent streamflow conditions. Traveltimes to full response (80% of the maximum downstream flow rate), however, showed considerable variation. For the release of 5 cu ft/sec during LSD conditions, base flow exceeded 80% of the maximum flow rate near the confluence; the traveltime to full response was undefined for those simulations. For the releases of 10 and 25 cu ft/sec during the same drought condition, traveltimes to full response ranged from 4.4 to 6.5 days. For releases of 10 and 25 cu ft/sec during severe drought conditions, traveltimes to full response near the confluence with the Neosho River ranged from 8.3 to 93 days.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854263","usgsCitation":"Jordan, P.R., and Hart, R.J., 1985, Transit losses and traveltimes for water-supply releases from Marion Lake during drought conditions, Cottonwood River, east-central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4263, vi, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854263.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394144,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36405.htm"},{"id":56751,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4263/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4263/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood River, Marion Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.083,\n 38.221\n ],\n [\n -96.017,\n 38.221\n ],\n [\n -96.017,\n 38.433\n ],\n [\n -97.083,\n 38.433\n ],\n [\n -97.083,\n 38.221\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697f48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jordan, P. R.","contributorId":7282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, R. J.","contributorId":62607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29863,"text":"wri854244 - 1985 - Estimation of evaporation from Ned Wilson Lake, Flat Tops Wilderness Area, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri854244","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4244","title":"Estimation of evaporation from Ned Wilson Lake, Flat Tops Wilderness Area, Colorado","docAbstract":"As part of an effort to define the hydrology and water quality of Ned Wilson Lake, evaporation rates were estimated for the summer periods of 1983 and 1984. Mass-transfer and energy-budget techniques and the Morton model were used to estimate evaporation using data collected at the lake and data collected at a meteorological station 0.1 mile from the lake. The estimate of evaporation for July 29 through September 27, 1983, using the mass-transfer technique, was 9.50 inches; the estimate using the energy-budget technique was 8.10 inches; the estimate using the Morton model was 9.90 inches. The evaporation estimate for July 18 through September 25, 1984, using the mass-transfer technique was 8.71 inches; the estimate using the energy-budget technique was 7.88 inches; the estimate using the Moron model was 10.49 inches. These estimates will provide values to be used in future analyses of the interaction of lake and groundwater; however, refinement of data collection will be necessary to determine specifically the rate of evaporation. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854244","usgsCitation":"Spahr, N., and Turk, J., 1985, Estimation of evaporation from Ned Wilson Lake, Flat Tops Wilderness Area, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4244, iv, 13 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854244.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4244/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58674,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4244/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fba16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spahr, N.E.","contributorId":79476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turk, J.T.","contributorId":94259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turk","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26807,"text":"wri854190 - 1985 - Hydrogeology, water quality, and ground-water development alternatives in the Beaver-Pasquiset ground-water reservoir, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri854190","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4190","title":"Hydrogeology, water quality, and ground-water development alternatives in the Beaver-Pasquiset ground-water reservoir, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"In a 23 sq mi study area, the Beaver-Pasquiset groundwater reservoir within the Pawcatuck River basin in southern Rhode Island, stratified drift is the only principal geologic unit capable of producing yields > 350 gal/min. Transmissivity of the aquifer ranges from 7,200 to 24,300 sq ft/day. Water table conditions prevail in the aquifer, which is in good hydraulic connection with perennial streams and ponds. A digital model of two-dimensional groundwater flow was used to simulate the interaction between surface water and groundwater, and to evaluate the impact of alternative schemes of groundwater development on groundwater levels, pond levels, and streamflow in the Beaver-Pasquiset groundwater reservoir. Transient simulations of theoretical pumpage were made for a drought period (1963-66) and a wet period (1976-78). The areas most favorable for development of high-capacity wells (350 gal/min or more) are along the Beaver River and near Pasquiset Pond. The water is soft and generally contains < 100 mg/L dissolved solids. Locally, groundwater contains elevated concentrations of iron and manganese (7.5 and 3.7 mg/L, respectively), southeast of Pasquiset Pond, and will require treatment if used for public supply. The groundwater reservoir was simulated with a two-dimensional finite-difference model using a block-centered grid consisting of 33 rows and 75 columns. Differences between measured and simulated water table altitudes for the final steady state run for 21 selected observation wells averaged +0.07 ft. Combined pumping rates for simulation of groundwater development alternatives at eight sites ranged from 3.25 to 7.00 Mgal/d. Pumping rates for individual wells ranged from 0.25 to 1.50 Mgal/d. Transient simulations suggest that the Beaver-Pasquiset groundwater reservoir is capable of sustaining a pumping rate of 4.25 Mgal/d during years of average groundwater recharge with minimal impact on groundwater levels, pond levels, and streamflow. During extreme drought periods (1965 and 1966) it would be necessary to reduce pumpage below 3.25 Mgal/d to maintain flow in both the Beaver River and Pasquiset Brook. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854190","usgsCitation":"Dickerman, D., and Ozbilgin, M., 1985, Hydrogeology, water quality, and ground-water development alternatives in the Beaver-Pasquiset ground-water reservoir, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4190, x, 104 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854190.","productDescription":"x, 104 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4190/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55695,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4190/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db614827","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickerman, D.C.","contributorId":48601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickerman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ozbilgin, M.M.","contributorId":76789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ozbilgin","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30251,"text":"wri854064 - 1985 - Ground-water contamination in East Bay Township, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T10:15:47","indexId":"wri854064","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4064","title":"Ground-water contamination in East Bay Township, Michigan","docAbstract":"Glacial deposits, as much as 360 feet thick, underlie the study area. The upper 29 to 118 feet, a sand and gravel unit, is the aquifer tapped for water by all wells in the area. This unit is underlain by impermeable clay that is at least 100 feet thick.
Ground-water flow is northeastward at an estimated rate of 3 to 6 feet per day. Hydraulic conductivities in the aquifer range from 85 to 150 feet per day; 120 feet per day provided the best match of field data in a ground-water flow model. The depth to water ranged from 1 to 20 feet.
Chemical anlayses indicate that ground water is contaminated with organic chemicals from near the Hangar/Administration building at the U.S. Coast Guard Air Station to East Bay, about 4,300 feet northeast. The plume, which follows ground-water flow lines, ranges from 180 to 400 feet wide. In the upper reach of the plume, hydrocarbons less dense than water occur at the surface of the water table; they move downward in the aquifer as they move toward East Bay. Maximum concentrations of the major organic compounds include: benzene, 3,390 micrograms per liter; toluene, 55,500 micrograms per liter; xylene, 3,900 micrograms per liter; tetrachloroethylene, 3,410 micrograms per liter; and bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate, 2,100 micrograms per liter. Soils are generally free of these hydrocarbons; however, in the vicinity of past drum storage, aircraft maintenance operations, and fuel storage and dispensing, as much as 1,100 micrograms per kilogram of tetrachloroethylene and 1,500 micrograms per kilogram of bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate were detected. At a few locations higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, characteristic of petroleum distillates, were found.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri854064","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Coast Guard","usgsCitation":"Twenter, F.R., Cummings, T., and Grannemann, N., 1985, Ground-water contamination in East Bay Township, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4064, Document: ix, 63 p.; 5 Plates: 23.24 x 35.59 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854064.","productDescription":"Document: ix, 63 p.; 5 Plates: 23.24 x 35.59 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":59038,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59039,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59040,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59041,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59042,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59043,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4064/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"East Bay Township","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.57439804077148,\n 44.74164292754147\n ],\n [\n -85.56602954864502,\n 44.75276788055599\n ],\n [\n -85.5673599243164,\n 44.7531640722716\n ],\n [\n -85.56911945343018,\n 44.753986923310066\n ],\n [\n -85.57062149047852,\n 44.75490118850054\n ],\n [\n -85.57225227355957,\n 44.75599828763615\n ],\n [\n -85.57353973388672,\n 44.75706489182693\n ],\n [\n -85.57529926300047,\n 44.7584971579133\n ],\n [\n -85.57585716247559,\n 44.7592894600709\n ],\n [\n -85.57611465454102,\n 44.760234113828844\n ],\n [\n -85.58675765991211,\n 44.746885637908065\n ],\n [\n -85.57439804077148,\n 44.74164292754147\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699997","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twenter, F. R.","contributorId":81080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twenter","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cummings, T. R.","contributorId":104082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"T. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grannemann, N.G.","contributorId":11221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grannemann","given":"N.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70164486,"text":"70164486 - 1985 - Effect of adherent bacteria and bacterial extracellular polymers upon assimilation by Macoma balthica of sediment-bound Cd, Zn and Ag","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T11:20:16","indexId":"70164486","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of adherent bacteria and bacterial extracellular polymers upon assimilation by Macoma balthica of sediment-bound Cd, Zn and Ag","docAbstract":"Effects of adherent bacteria and bacterial extracellular polymer (exopolymer) upon uptake of particle-bound Cd, Zn and Ag by the deposit-feeding clam Macoma balthica were studied in the laboratory. Amorphous iron oxyhydroxide and unaltered and alkaline-extracted sediments were used as model particulates in separate, controlled deposit-feeding experiments. In general, amounts of metal taken up from ingested particles varied dramatically with the nature of the particle surface. Ingestion of contaminated iron oxide particles did not contribute to overall uptake of Cd and Ag in feeding clams, but accounted for 89 to 99% of total Zn uptake. Exopolymer adsorbed on iron oxide particles caused an increase in the biological availability of particle-bound metals in the order Ag>Cd>Zn, whereas adherent bacteria up to 3.2 X 1011 g-1 had no effect upon amounts of metal taken up from ingested particulates. At the higher Cd and Ag concentrations employed (3.6 X 10-7M), feeding rates declined with increasing amounts of iron oxide-bound exopolymer, suggesting behavioral avoidance due to increased metal availability. Much of the Cd (57 %) taken up by clams feeding on unaltered estuarine sediments originated from particulates, even though particle/solute distribution of Cd (86%) was similar to that in experiments with iron oxide particles. Uptake of Cd from alkalineextracted sediments was insignificant, as it was from unamended iron oxide. However, addition of exopolymer (10 mgg-1 sediment) caused a restoration nn bioavailability of sediment-bound Cd.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Res","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R.W., and Luoma, S.N., 1985, Effect of adherent bacteria and bacterial extracellular polymers upon assimilation by Macoma balthica of sediment-bound Cd, Zn and Ag: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 22, p. 281-289.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"289","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316654,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316653,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v22/"}],"volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9ca52e4b08d617f63a807","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70156916,"text":"70156916 - 1985 - Remote sensing of tidal chlorophyll-a variations in estuaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T06:45:49","indexId":"70156916","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing of tidal chlorophyll-a variations in estuaries","docAbstract":"Simultaneous acquisition of surface chlorophyll-a concentrations for 39 samples from boats and Daedalus 1260 Multispectral Scanner data from a U-2 aircraft was conducted in the northern reaches of San Francisco Bay on 28 August 1980. These data were used to develop regression models for predicting surface chlorophyll-a concentrations over the study area for ebb-tide (8.40 a.m. P.D.T. (Pacific Daylight Time)) and flood-tide (3.10 p.m. P.D.T.) conditions. After selection of a single ‘best fitting’ model for both morning and afternoon data sets, the chlorophyll-a concentration was predicted for ebb and flood tide for the entire study area at approximately 40m × 40m resolution. The predicted spatial display of chlorophyll-a revealed a localized area of high phytoplankton biomass that has been inferred from field surveys and appears to be a common summer phenomenon.
\nKnowledge of the distribution of phytoplankton and the location of this zone of high biomass is valuable in establishing management policies for this ecologically important estuary. Furthermore, the techniques used here may provide an alternative cost-effective method for assessing water-quality conditions and they may prove useful for studying spatial variations (patchiness) and seasonal variations in phytoplankton biomass in other estuaries and coastal waters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431168508948318","usgsCitation":"Catts, G.P., Khorram, S., Cloern, J.E., Knight, A.W., and Degloria, S.D., 1985, Remote sensing of tidal chlorophyll-a variations in estuaries: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 6, no. 11, p. 1685-1706, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431168508948318.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1685","endPage":"1706","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1980-08-28","temporalEnd":"1980-08-28","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307808,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 37.339591851359174\n ],\n [\n -121.83837890625,\n 37.339591851359174\n ],\n [\n -121.83837890625,\n 38.156156969924915\n ],\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 38.156156969924915\n ],\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 37.339591851359174\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb6f4e4b058f706e53e4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Catts, Glenn P.","contributorId":147307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Catts","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Khorram, Siamak","contributorId":147308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khorram","given":"Siamak","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knight, Allen W.","contributorId":147309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knight","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7082,"text":"University of California - Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Degloria, Stephen D.","contributorId":147310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Degloria","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70207083,"text":"70207083 - 1985 - Links between magma-tectonic rate balances, plutonism, and volcanism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-25T14:39:01.650426","indexId":"70207083","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-31T13:57:45","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Links between magma-tectonic rate balances, plutonism, and volcanism","docAbstract":"With Smith's (1979) model of ash flow magmatism as the point of departure, quantitative regimes of crustal magmatic evolution are outlined. The average extrusive regime of ash flow magmatism operates at a rate of about 0.001 km3/yr; progressively larger episodes of increasing repose times characterize the evolution of caldera-forming eruptions. The intrusive regime operates at an inferred average rate of about 0.01 km3/yr expressed in terms of the volumetric influx of mafic magma from the mantle, based on the record of silicic rates of extrusion and a 10:1 intrusive to extrusive ratio derived from evidence of zoned silicic systems. This rate is almost identical with the mean cumulative rate for the Hawaiian-Emperor system of basaltic volcanism, which is determined to be 0.015 km3/yr. Fluctuations about a mean rate of 10−2 km3/yr lead to a threefold classification of magmatic regimes in terms of source power, depending on whether they are persistently greater than (HHER regime), about equal to (MHER regime), or lower than (LHER regime) the mean Hawaiian-Emperor rate. Ash flow magmatism correlates with the MHER regime, averaged over a sufficiently long time. Thus the conditions of Hawaiian-Emperor magmatism are identified with a characteristic power of magma transfer rates that optimize mechanisms for creation of high-level chambers of derivative and fractionated silicic magma (terminology of Smith (1979)) within sufficiently localized regions of high residence times. These conditions represent a balance point, and a bifurcation, in dynamic paths of magmatic evolution leading to widely divergent types of plutonic-volcanic associations. Categorical examples of the principal types of igneous path are discussed relative to continental basalt, silicic ash flow, batholithic granite, and intrusive porphyry systems. The Henry Mountains, Utah, are thought to represent an example of an intrusive porphyry generated in the LHER regime of a mafic source system lacking sufficient power for volcanic expression or significant mineralization. Long Valley, California (and possibly other systems along the eastern front of the Sierra Nevada), is an example operating at the mean rate with transient excursions to higher and lower rates. In regions of rapid extension and/or volcanic propagation (whether linear or areal) these regimes give rise to basaltic eruptions ranging from isolated cinder cones to flood basalts.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB090iB13p11275","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Shaw, H.R., 1985, Links between magma-tectonic rate balances, plutonism, and volcanism: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 90, no. B13, p. 11,275-11,288, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB090iB13p11275.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"11,275","endPage":"11,288","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":370010,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"B13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaw, H. R.","contributorId":23952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70236860,"text":"70236860 - 1985 - Automated derivation of hydrologic basin characteristics from digital elevation model data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-20T15:05:54.578789","indexId":"70236860","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-31T09:49:07","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Automated derivation of hydrologic basin characteristics from digital elevation model data","docAbstract":"Digital elevation model (DEM) data in a raster format can be used to automatically derive the drainage characteristics of an area. A procedure has been designed that is capable of operating on matrices of elevation data having no algorithmically imposed size limit, while performing within the resolution and accuracy tolerances of the DEM data.
Each cell is processed as the center of a 3- by 3-cell spatial window in the raster elevation data. If a cell is a local minimum in comparison with two of its non-adjacent neighbors, it is labeled as a drainage cell. The linkages of the drainage cells within user-specified distance and elevation thresholds are established in a separate process. The products of these processing steps are digital masks of the drainage cells and the watershed basins, both in raster format.
A drainage cell mask derived using this procedure is useful in computing slope values for a raster data base. Slope has traditionally been calculated for each cell by fitting a plane through the eight nearest cells. However, if the terrain represented by these cells is V-shaped, such as a gully, a plane does not fit well; in fact, the desired slope value is the slope along the bottom of the gully, regardless of the steepness of the gully sides. The automated drainage process will label such a cell as a drainage cell, and its slope can then be computed from the elevation values of neighboring drainage cells.
","largerWorkTitle":"Auto-Carto VII: Proceedings of the digital representations of spatial knowledge","conferenceTitle":"Auto-Carto VII: Digital Representations of Spatial Knowledge","conferenceDate":"Mar 11-14, 1985","conferenceLocation":"Washington D.C.","language":"English","publisher":"Cartography and Geographic Information Society","usgsCitation":"Jenson, S.K., 1985, Automated derivation of hydrologic basin characteristics from digital elevation model data, in Auto-Carto VII: Proceedings of the digital representations of spatial knowledge, Washington D.C., Mar 11-14, 1985, p. 301-310.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"310","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cartogis.org/docs/proceedings/archive/auto-carto-7/index.html"},{"id":407058,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenson, Susan K.","contributorId":66859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenson","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70193880,"text":"70193880 - 1985 - Population biology of bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus, in lotic habitats on the irrigated San Joaquin Valley floor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T10:02:03","indexId":"70193880","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population biology of bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus, in lotic habitats on the irrigated San Joaquin Valley floor","docAbstract":"Rapid expansion of irrigated agriculture in the western United States has prompted concerns for aquatic resources. Although the impacts of irrigation activities on quality and quantity of river water are well documented (e.g., high turbidity from soil erosion, eutrophication from nutrient runoff, pesticide contamination, reduced dis- charge), their effects on fish populations are still poorly understood. We studied the food, growth, and relative weight (a measure of body condition) of bluegills, Lepo- mis macrochirus, in relation to environmental factors in reaches of the San Joaquin and Merced rivers that have been affected to varying degrees by irrigation return flows. Fry of bluegills ate mostly cladocerans and copepods; fingerlings and larger fish ate immature aquatic insects, terrestrial insects, amphipods, and mollusks. Bluegill stomachs were fuller and contained a higher diversity of forage taxa in habitats with low turbidity and conductivity, weak buffering capacity, and low nutrient levels; bluegills also ate a more diverse diet where the potential forage supply (benthic macroinvertebrates) was most diverse. Bluegills attained mean total lengths of about 42 mm at age I, 86 mm at age 11, 116 mm at age III, 153 mm at age IV, and 166 mm at age V. Mean relative weight ranged from 96-111. Growth rate and relative weight were not significantly correlated with environmental or dietary variables. On the basis of our study, we concluded that environmental degradation from irrigation activities affected the diet of bluegills primarily by modifying the food supply, but growth rate and body condition were not affected.
","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Game","usgsCitation":"Saiki, M.K., and Schmitt, C., 1985, Population biology of bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus, in lotic habitats on the irrigated San Joaquin Valley floor: California Fish and Game, v. 71, no. 4, p. 225-244.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"244","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348359,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley floor","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 38.14751758025121\n ],\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 36.47872381162464\n ],\n [\n -119.0643310546875,\n 36.50963615733049\n ],\n [\n -120.6683349609375,\n 38.14319750166766\n ],\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 38.14751758025121\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a082a52e4b09af898c8ea21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saiki, M. K.","contributorId":28917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189508,"text":"70189508 - 1985 - An investigation of hydraulic conductivity estimation in a ground-water flow study of Northern Long Valley, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-14T09:10:54","indexId":"70189508","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"An investigation of hydraulic conductivity estimation in a ground-water flow study of Northern Long Valley, New Jersey","docAbstract":"The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology to be used to investigate the aquifer characteristics and water supply potential of an aquifer system. In particular, the geohydrology of northern Long Valley, New Jersey, was investigated. Geohydrologic data were collected and analyzed to characterize the site. Analysis was accomplished by interpreting the available data and by using a numerical simulation of the watertable aquifer. Special attention was given to the estimation of hydraulic conductivity values and hydraulic conductivity structure which together define the hydraulic conductivity of the modeled aquifer. Hydraulic conductivity and all other aspects of the system were first estimated using the trial-and-error method of calibration. The estimation of hydraulic conductivity was improved using a least squares method to estimate hydraulic conductivity values and by improvements in the parameter structure. These efforts improved the calibration of the model far more than a preceding period of similar effort using the trial-and-error method of calibration. In addition, the proposed method provides statistical information on the reliability of estimated hydraulic conductivity values, calculated heads, and calculated flows. The methodology developed and applied in this work proved to be of substantial value in the evaluation of the aquifer considered.
","language":"English","publisher":"Princeton University","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., 1985, An investigation of hydraulic conductivity estimation in a ground-water flow study of Northern Long Valley, New Jersey, 364.","productDescription":"364","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5969d82fe4b0d1f9f060a1b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70236859,"text":"70236859 - 1985 - On the interpretation of satellite-derived gravity and magnetic data for studies of crustal geology and metallogenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-20T14:44:27.21253","indexId":"70236859","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-01T09:27:51","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"On the interpretation of satellite-derived gravity and magnetic data for studies of crustal geology and metallogenesis","docAbstract":"Satellite-derived global gravity and magnetic maps have been shown to be useful in large-scale studies of the Earth's crust, despite the relative infancy of such studies. Numerous authors have made spatial associations of gravity or magnetic anomalies with geological provinces. Gravimetric interpretations are often made in terms of isostasy, regional variations of density, or of geodesy in general. Interpretations of satellite magnetic anomalies often base assumptions of overall crustal magnetism on concepts of the vertical and horizontal distribution of magnetic susceptibility, then make models of these assumed distributions. The opportunity of improving our satellite gravity and magnetic data through the proposed Geopotential Research Mission should considerably improve the scientific community's ability to analyze and interpret global magnetic and gravity data. As data processing techniques improve, we may expect to see even more useful results of the data.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geopotential Research Mission (GRM): Proceedings of a conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geopotential Research Mission (GRM)","conferenceDate":"Oct 29-31, 1984","conferenceLocation":"College Park, MD","language":"English","publisher":"NASA","usgsCitation":"Hastings, D.A., 1985, On the interpretation of satellite-derived gravity and magnetic data for studies of crustal geology and metallogenesis, in Geopotential Research Mission (GRM): Proceedings of a conference, College Park, MD, Oct 29-31, 1984, p. 110-113.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"113","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407056,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":407055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19860003384","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hastings, David A.","contributorId":138985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":852388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012768,"text":"70012768 - 1985 - Detectability of step trends in the rate of atmospheric deposition of sulfate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-22T16:54:08.09578","indexId":"70012768","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detectability of step trends in the rate of atmospheric deposition of sulfate","docAbstract":"A method is presented to assist policy makers in determining the combination of number of sampling stations and number of years of sampling necessary to state with a given probability that a step reduction in atmospheric deposition rates of a given magnitude has occurred at a pre-specified time. This pre-specified time would typically be the time at which a sulfate emission control program took effect, and the given magnitude of reduction is some percentage change in deposition rate one might expect to occur as a result of the emission control. In order to determine this probability of detection, a stochastic model of sulfate deposition rates is developed, based on New York State bulk collection network data. The model considers the effect of variation in precipitation, seasonal variations, serial correlation, and site-to-site (cross) correlation. A nonparametric statistical test which is well suited to detection of step changes in such multi-site data sets is developed. It is related to the Mann-Whitney Rank-Sum test. The test is used in Monte Carlo simulations along with the stochastic model to derive statistical power functions. These power functions describe the probability of detecting (α=0.05) a step trend in deposition rate as a function of the size of the step-trend, record length before and after the step-trend, and the number of stations sampled. The results show that, for an area the size of New York State, very little power is gained by increasing the number of stations beyond about eight. The results allow policy makers to determine the tradeoff between the cost of monitoring and time required to detect a step-trend of a given magnitude with a given probability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00171.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R., and Gilroy, E., 1985, Detectability of step trends in the rate of atmospheric deposition of sulfate: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 21, no. 5, p. 773-784, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00171.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"773","endPage":"784","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221848,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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York\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff5ce4b0c8380cd4f144","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, R.M.","contributorId":58639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilroy, E.J.","contributorId":20306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilroy","given":"E.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012925,"text":"70012925 - 1985 - Periodic autoregressive-moving average (PARMA) modeling with applications to water resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-23T15:53:37.465442","indexId":"70012925","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Periodic autoregressive-moving average (PARMA) modeling with applications to water resources","docAbstract":"Results involving correlation properties and parameter estimation for autoregressive-moving average models with periodic parameters are presented. A multivariate representation of the PARMA model is used to derive parameter space restrictions and difference equations for the periodic autocorrelations. Close approximation to the likelihood function for Gaussian PARMA processes results in efficient maximum-likelihood estimation procedures. Terms in the Fourier expansion of the parameters are sequentially included, and a selection criterion is given for determining the optimal number of harmonics to be included. Application of the techniques is demonstrated through analysis of a monthly streamflow time series.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00167.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Vecchia, A.V., 1985, Periodic autoregressive-moving average (PARMA) modeling with applications to water resources: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 21, no. 5, p. 721-730, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00167.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"721","endPage":"730","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222450,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7348e4b0c8380cd76f4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vecchia, A. V.","contributorId":23533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70120907,"text":"70120907 - 1985 - Mountain pine beetle damage and contagion modeling: some concepts and approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T12:53:55","indexId":"70120907","displayToPublicDate":"1985-09-01T12:53:24","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"Report No. 85-6","title":"Mountain pine beetle damage and contagion modeling: some concepts and approaches","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Pest Management","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, D.B., Roelle, J.E., and White, W.B., 1985, Mountain pine beetle damage and contagion modeling: some concepts and approaches, 25 p.","productDescription":"25 p.","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fe8e4b0333418718935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, David B. hamiltond@usgs.gov","contributorId":193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"David","email":"hamiltond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":498588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roelle, James E. roelleb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"James","email":"roelleb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, William B.","contributorId":65397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70113421,"text":"70113421 - 1985 - Monitoring the earth: too many players?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-19T16:20:09","indexId":"70113421","displayToPublicDate":"1985-08-20T16:03:08","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3017,"text":"Pecora 10 Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring the earth: too many players?","docAbstract":"A number of organizations are currently engaged in, or proposing to embark on, worldwide measurement/monitoring programs. Program objectives vary in type and complexity, including a form of technical library (the Global Environment Monitoring System of the United Nations Environment Program), and an ambitious experiment to validate algorithms to derive land surface climatological parameters (International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project).
\nModeling and understanding the Earth as an integrated system is an immense undertaking and will require at least as many measurements as are currently acquired. Improved coordination is required among the diverse national and international measurement/monitoring programs to ensure that sensors, launch dates, orbits, and supporting research are complementary to the maximum extent possible. Development of a long-term program of Earth system monitoring/modeling, such as the International Global Change Program proposed by the International Council of Scientific Unions, could provide the necessary focus and structure for effective international coordination and cooperation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora 10 Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Thorley, G.A., 1985, Monitoring the earth: too many players?: Pecora 10 Symposium, p. 457-462.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"457","endPage":"462","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288940,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae777ee4b0abf75cf2c153","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorley, Gene A.","contributorId":55957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorley","given":"Gene","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70113398,"text":"70113398 - 1985 - Landsat-faciliated vegetation classification of the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge and adjacent areas, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T15:13:27.734632","indexId":"70113398","displayToPublicDate":"1985-08-20T15:30:04","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landsat-faciliated vegetation classification of the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge and adjacent areas, Alaska","docAbstract":"A Landsat-based vegetation map was prepared for Kenai National Wildlife Refuge and adjacent lands, 2 million and 2.5 million acres respectively. The refuge lies within the middle boreal sub zone of south central Alaska. Seven major classes and sixteen subclasses were recognized: forest (closed needleleaf, needleleaf woodland, mixed); deciduous scrub (lowland and montane, subalpine); dwarf scrub (dwarf shrub tundra, lichen tundra, dwarf shrub and lichen tundra, dwarf shrub peatland, string bog/wetlands); herbaceous (graminoid meadows and marshes); scarcely vegetated areas ; water (clear, moderately turbid, highly turbid); and glaciers.
\nThe methodology employed a cluster-block technique. Sample areas were described based on a combination of helicopter-ground survey, aerial photo interpretation, and digital Landsat data. Major steps in the Landsat analysis involved: preprocessing (geometric connection), spectral class labeling of sample areas, derivation of statistical parameters for spectral classes, preliminary classification of the entree study area using a maximum-likelihood algorithm, and final classification through ancillary information such as digital elevation data.
\nThe vegetation map (scale 1:250,000) was a pioneering effort since there were no intermediate-sclae maps of the area. Representative of distinctive regional patterns, the map was suitable for use in comprehensive conservation planning and wildlife management.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pecora 10 Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","usgsCitation":"Talbot, S., Shasby, M., and Bailey, T., 1985, Landsat-faciliated vegetation classification of the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge and adjacent areas, Alaska, in Pecora 10 Symposium, p. 333-345.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"345","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288937,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kenai National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -151.335508,60.516137 ], [ -151.335508,60.603701 ], [ -151.072172,60.603701 ], [ -151.072172,60.516137 ], [ -151.335508,60.516137 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7759e4b0abf75cf2c10b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, Stephen S.","contributorId":73266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Stephen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shasby, M.B.","contributorId":68367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shasby","given":"M.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailey, T.N.","contributorId":99896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"T.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222014,"text":"5222014 - 1985 - Dynamics of a black-capped chickadee population, 1958-1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-18T17:08:00.859627","indexId":"5222014","displayToPublicDate":"1985-08-01T12:18:58","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamics of a black-capped chickadee population, 1958-1983","docAbstract":"The dynamics of a wintering population of Black—capped Chickadees (Parus atricapillus) were studied from 1958—1983 using capture—recapture methods. The Jolly—Seber model was used to obtain annual estimates of population size, survival rate, and recruitment. The average estimated population size over this period was °160 birds. The average estimated number of new birds entering the population each year and alive at the time of sampling was °57. The arithmetic mean annual survival rate estimate was °0.59. We tested hypothesis about possible relationships between these population parameters and (1) the natural introduction of Tufted Titmice (Parus bicolor) to the area, (2) the clear—cutting of portions of nearby red pine (Pinus resinosa) plantations, and (3) natural variations in winter temperatures. The chickadee population exhibited a substantial short—term decline following titmouse establishment, produced by decreases in both survival rate and number of new recruits. Survival rate decline somewhat after the initiation of the pine clear—cutting, but population size was very similar before and after clear—cutting. Weighted least squares analyses provided no evidence of a relationship between survival rate and either of two winter temperature variables.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1939172","usgsCitation":"Loery, G., and Nichols, J., 1985, Dynamics of a black-capped chickadee population, 1958-1983: Ecology, v. 66, no. 4, p. 1195-1203, https://doi.org/10.2307/1939172.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1195","endPage":"1203","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196484,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62eeaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loery, G.","contributorId":46182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loery","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. jnichols@usgs.gov","contributorId":139087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":335262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70186162,"text":"70186162 - 1985 - Biogeochemistry of aquatic humic substances in Thoreau's Bog, Concord, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T11:44:48","indexId":"70186162","displayToPublicDate":"1985-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biogeochemistry of aquatic humic substances in Thoreau's Bog, Concord, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Thoreau's Bog is an ombrotrophic floating—mat Sphagnum bog developed in a glacial kettlehole and surrounded by a red maple swamp. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon in the porewater of the bog average 36 mg/L and are greatest near the surface, especially during late summer. This distribution suggest that the upper layer of living and dead Sphagnum and moderately humified peat is the major site of dissolved organic material production in the bog. The dissolved organic material consists mainly of aquatic fulvic acid (67%) and hydrophilic acids (20%); these organic acids control the pH (typically 4 or somewhat lower) of the bogwater. The elemental, amino acid, carbohydrate, and carboxylic acid contents of fulvic acid from the bog are similar to those of aquatic fulvic acid from the nearby Shawsheen River, although the phenolic hydroxyl content of fulvic acid from Thoreau's Bog is higher. The hydrophilic acids have greater amino acid, carbohydrate, and carboxylic acid contents than the fulvic acid, consistent with the hypothesis that hydrophilic acids are more labile intermediate compounds in the formation of fulvic acid.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/1939187","usgsCitation":"McKnight, D.M., Thurman, E.M., Wershaw, R.L., and Hemond, H., 1985, Biogeochemistry of aquatic humic substances in Thoreau's Bog, Concord, Massachusetts: Ecology, v. 66, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.2307/1939187.","productDescription":"14 p. ","endPage":"1339","numberOfPages":"1352","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338823,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Concord ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.37353897094727,\n 42.44537470235299\n ],\n [\n -71.31912231445312,\n 42.44537470235299\n ],\n [\n -71.31912231445312,\n 42.47475584135045\n ],\n [\n -71.37353897094727,\n 42.47475584135045\n ],\n [\n -71.37353897094727,\n 42.44537470235299\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58de1954e4b02ff32c699cd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":687717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E. Michael","contributorId":9636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wershaw, Robert L. rwershaw@usgs.gov","contributorId":4856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wershaw","given":"Robert","email":"rwershaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":687719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hemond, Herold","contributorId":190186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemond","given":"Herold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70171486,"text":"70171486 - 1985 - Application of a ground-water flow digital model in evaluating alternate dewatering systems in the Río Grande de Arecibo alluvial valley, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T14:34:13","indexId":"70171486","displayToPublicDate":"1985-07-17T10:45:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Application of a ground-water flow digital model in evaluating alternate dewatering systems in the Río Grande de Arecibo alluvial valley, Puerto Rico","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Water Resources Association, Technical Publication Series TPS-85-1","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Tropical Hydrology and Second Caribbean Islands Water-Resources Congress","conferenceDate":"May 5-8, 1985","conferenceLocation":"San Juan, Puerto Rico","language":"English","publisher":"American Geosciences Institute","issn":"0731-9789","usgsCitation":"Quinones-Aponte, V., and Heriberto Torres-Sierra, 1985, Application of a ground-water flow digital model in evaluating alternate dewatering systems in the Río Grande de Arecibo alluvial valley, Puerto Rico, in American Water Resources Association, Technical Publication Series TPS-85-1, San Juan, Puerto Rico, May 5-8, 1985, p. 129-134.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"134","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322030,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57500732e4b0ee97d51bb3ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quinones-Aponte, Vicente","contributorId":48552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinones-Aponte","given":"Vicente","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heriberto Torres-Sierra","contributorId":141082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heriberto Torres-Sierra","affiliations":[{"id":12608,"text":"USGS, retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70211187,"text":"70211187 - 1985 - Rate and depth of pedogenic-carbonate accumulation in soils: Formation and testing of a compartment model.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-16T18:10:30.180814","indexId":"70211187","displayToPublicDate":"1985-07-16T12:24:38","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rate and depth of pedogenic-carbonate accumulation in soils: Formation and testing of a compartment model.","docAbstract":"The rate and depth of pedogenic carbonate accumulation in soils formed in Quaternary alluvium may be viewed as a theoretical problem that involves the mutual interaction of several independent and dependent soil-forming variables. We propose a model for carbonate accumulation in which the soil column is defined by a vertical sequence of 1-cm2-area compartments, each with a specified texture, bulk density, water-holding content, lithologic and mineralogic composition, soil-air pCO2, ionic strength, and temperature. On the basis of these data, rates of carbonate solubility and dissolution within a given compartment are determined. In arkosic to lithic arkosic sandy parent materials, high carbonate solubility (0.137 to 0.212 mg/ml) and the large reactive surface area of eolian calcareous dust result in rapid carbonate dissolution (0.79 to 9.92 × 10−10 g/cm2/sec) that promotes rapid translocation of carbonate by infiltrating water. We derive a group of equations and use them to calculate net carbonate depletion or accumulation in a soil compartment over an interval of time as a function of the independent variables temperature and precipitation. These two variables largely determine or strongly influence soil-water balance, the external carbonate influx rate, and carbonate solubility.
The carbonate distribution that our model predicts closely resembles the observed carbonate distribution in soils associated with Holocene deposits forming in arid, hyperthermic to xeric, thermic moisture-temperature regimes in southern California. This modeling indicates that with a mean carbonate influx rate of 1 × 10−4 g/cm2/yr and in a semiarid, thermic climate, the maximum depression of the top of the Cca horizon is attained within only a few thousand years. In contrast, given the same influx rate, our model predicts that a noncalcareous B horizon cannot form in an arid, hyperthermic climate, a conclusion supported by field and laboratory studies of calcic soils in this climate.
The influence of glacial-to-interglacial climatic changes on carbonate accumulation can be modeled by calculating latest Pleistocene soil-water balance with the aid of published estimates of full-glacial temperature and precipitation. On the basis of these modeling results, we propose that either of two types of glacial-to-interglacial climatic changes may account for the strongly bimodal, apparently polygenetic carbonate distribution that is observed in late Pleistocene soils of the eastern Mojave Desert of southern California. Such results of compartment-strategy modeling are encouraging and indicate the great potential of combined theoretical and empirical methods for considering pedological problems of interest to Quaternary geologists.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/SPE203-p23","usgsCitation":"McFadden, L.D., and Tinsley, J., 1985, Rate and depth of pedogenic-carbonate accumulation in soils: Formation and testing of a compartment model.: GSA Special Papers, v. 203, p. 23-41, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE203-p23.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"41","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"203","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFadden, Leslie D.","contributorId":139971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McFadden","given":"Leslie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13339,"text":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":793031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tinsley, John jtinsley@usgs.gov","contributorId":140545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"John","email":"jtinsley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":793032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222019,"text":"5222019 - 1985 - Effects of fluoride on screech owl reproduction: Teratological evaluation, growth, and blood chemistry in hatchlings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-12T15:09:35.018943","indexId":"5222019","displayToPublicDate":"1985-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3611,"text":"Toxicology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of fluoride on screech owl reproduction: Teratological evaluation, growth, and blood chemistry in hatchlings","docAbstract":"The effects on reproduction in screech owls (Otus asio) of chronic dietary sodium fluoride administration at 0, 40, and 200 ppm were examined. Fluoride at 40 ppm resulted in a significantly smaller egg volume, while 200 ppm also resulted in lower egg weights and lengths. Day-one hatchlings in the 200 ppm group weighed almost 10% less than controls and had shorter crown-rump lengths. No gross abnormalities were apparent. Skeletal clearing and staining revealed significantly shorter tibiotarsus lengths in the 40 ppm and 200 ppm groups and a shorter radius-ulna length in the 200 ppm group. By 7 days of age, body weights and lengths did not differ from controls, but the tibiotarsus in the 200 ppm group remained shorter. No significant differences were detected in hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma calcium or alkaline phosphatase. Plasma phosphorus levels were higher in the 40 ppm group than in controls.
These results, in combination with the findings of Pattee et al. [25], revealed significant impairment of overall reproduction, suggesting that sodium fluoride could cause slight to moderate reproduction disorders in owls in fluoride-polluted areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0378-4274(85)90179-1","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Pattee, O.H., and Wiemeyer, S.N., 1985, Effects of fluoride on screech owl reproduction: Teratological evaluation, growth, and blood chemistry in hatchlings: Toxicology Letters, v. 26, no. 1, p. 19-24, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4274(85)90179-1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"24","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197803,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db6144e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiemeyer, Stanley N.","contributorId":78279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiemeyer","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70210017,"text":"70210017 - 1985 - Inversion of seismic refraction data in planar dipping structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-30T20:01:07.158421","indexId":"70210017","displayToPublicDate":"1985-07-01T08:11:02","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inversion of seismic refraction data in planar dipping structure","docAbstract":"A new method is presented for the direct inversion of seismic refraction data in dipping planar structure. Three recording geometries, each consisting of two common-shot profiles, are considered: reversed, split, and roll-along profiles. Inversion is achieved via slant stacking the common-shot wavefield to obtain a delay time—slowness (tau—p) wavefield. The tau—p curves from two shotpoints describing the critical raypath of refracted and post-critically reflected arrivals are automatically picked using coherency measurements and the two curves are jointly used to calculate velocity and dip of isovelocity lines iteratively, thereby obtaining the final two-dimensional velocity model.
This procedure has been successfully applied to synthetic seismograms calculated for a dipping structure and to field data from central California. The results indicate that direct inversion of closely-spaced refraction/wide-aperture reflection data can practically be achieved in laterally inhomogeneous structures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.1985.tb05129.x","usgsCitation":"Milkereit, B., Mooney, W.D., and Kohler, W., 1985, Inversion of seismic refraction data in planar dipping structure: Geophysical Journal International, v. 82, no. 1, p. 81-103, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1985.tb05129.x.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"103","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480162,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1985.tb05129.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374595,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milkereit, Bernd","contributorId":62752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milkereit","given":"Bernd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kohler, W.M.","contributorId":62999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohler","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012191,"text":"70012191 - 1985 - The occurrence of extractable elements in soils from the northern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-31T16:00:02.504273","indexId":"70012191","displayToPublicDate":"1985-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The occurrence of extractable elements in soils from the northern Great Plains","docAbstract":"The modes of occurrence of extractable elements from 21 A and C horizon samples of uncultivated soils were examined using R-mode factor analysis. The extractants (DTPA, EDTA, HCl, hydroquinone, magnesium nitrate, and ammonium oxalate) cover a wide range of chemical attack. Four major elements (Ca, K, Mg, and Na) and eight trace elements (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were determined in each extractant solution. A variety of chemical, mineralogical, and physical variables were also determined on each sample. Four varimax factors (clay, organic, Fe and Mn oxides, and soluble-Na) accounted for 74.2% of the total variance of the 90 variables for the A horizon. Seven varimax factors (Fe and Mn oxides, clay, CEC, soluble-Na, organic, Fe and Mn, and plagioclase) accounted for 77.2% of the total variance of the 79 variables for the C horizon. A and C horizon extractable trace elements are most generally related to Fe and Mn oxides, as indicated by loadings on the Fe and Mn oxide factor for both the A and C horizons. Each extractant generally operates on different modes of occurrence of an element in soil. For example, substantial differences occur between the HCl-, oxalate-, and hydroquinone-extractable trace elements. However, the modes of occurrence for trace elements removed by DTPA and EDTA were very similar, suggesting strong relationships between elements dissolved by these two extractants. The modes of occurrence for each individual major element are similar with each of the six extractants. A horizon Ca and Mg, and C horizon K and Mg are strongly related to a clay factor. C horizon Ca and A horizon K are strongly related to the CEC and organic factors, respectively. Both A and C horizon extractable Na are very strongly related to the soluble-Na factor. These results suggest that extractable major elements are water-soluble and are associated with the constituents that are responsible for that factor. Consequently, strong relationships should occur for any individual major element dissolved by any pair of extractants.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2136/sssaj1985.03615995004900040017x","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"McNeal, J., Severson, R.C., and Gough, L.P., 1985, The occurrence of extractable elements in soils from the northern Great Plains: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 49, no. 4, p. 873-881, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1985.03615995004900040017x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"873","endPage":"881","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222121,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"northern Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.020405371633,\n 50.60237281791913\n ],\n [\n -110.020405371633,\n 43.001994343510944\n ],\n [\n -101.19016086453725,\n 43.001994343510944\n ],\n [\n -101.19016086453725,\n 50.60237281791913\n ],\n [\n -110.020405371633,\n 50.60237281791913\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae3ee4b08c986b323f73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNeal, J.M.","contributorId":61817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNeal","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Severson, R. C.","contributorId":46498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gough, Larry P. lgough@usgs.gov","contributorId":1230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"Larry","email":"lgough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":362962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}