Strong-motion data of engineering and scientific importance from the United States and other seismically active countries are served through the Center for Engineering Strong Motion Data (CESMD) at www.strongmotioncenter.org. Recently, the CESMD staff, with cooperation from colleagues at international strong-motion seismic networks, has disseminated strong-motion data from significant earthquakes that occurred in Italy, Haiti, Mexico, New Zealand, Chile, Japan, Turkey, and the United States.
\nThe CESMD now automatically posts strong-motion data from an increasing number of seismic stations in California within a few minutes following an earthquake as an Internet Quick Report (IQR). As appropriate, IQRs are updated by more comprehensive Internet Data Reports that include reviewed versions of the data and maps showing, for example, the finite fault rupture along with the distribution of recording stations. Automated processing of strong-motion data will be extended to post the strong-motion records of the regional seismic networks of the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) outside California.
\nTransfer of the operational and maintenance responsibilities for the Consortium of Organizations for Strong Motion Observation Systems (COSMOS) Virtual Data Center (VDC) from the University of California at Santa Barbara to the CESMD is nearing completion. The VDC Tagged Format (VTF) file format has been adopted by the CESMD as the standard for converting strong motion data to facilitate the process of uploading data into the VDC database.
\nThe CESMD now provides strong-motion records from lower magnitude (<M3.5) and smaller amplitude (<0.5%g) records for use in developing ground motion prediction equations in areas with less frequent earthquakes, such as the Central and Eastern US.
","largerWorkTitle":"The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering","conferenceTitle":"The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering","conferenceDate":"September 24-28, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Lisbon, Portugal","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Haddadi, H., Shakal, A., Huang, M., Parrish, J., Stephens, C., Savage, W.U., and Leith, W.S., 2012, Report on progress at the Center for Engineering Strong Motion Data (CESMD), in The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal, September 24-28, 2012, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037849","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310759,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"UNITED STATES","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56334341e4b048076347eee0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haddadi, H.","contributorId":12673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haddadi","given":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shakal, A.","contributorId":20934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shakal","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, M.","contributorId":70903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parrish, J.","contributorId":149527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parrish","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stephens, C.","contributorId":44169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":578690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Savage, William U. wusavage@usgs.gov","contributorId":2448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"William","email":"wusavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":578691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leith, William S. 0000-0002-3463-3119 wleith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-3119","contributorId":2248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leith","given":"William","email":"wleith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70044222,"text":"70044222 - 2012 - Alternative barging strategies to improve survival of salmonids transported from Lower Granite Dam: Final report from the 2006-2008 spring/summer Chinook salmon and Steelhead juvenile migrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T15:27:16","indexId":"70044222","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Alternative barging strategies to improve survival of salmonids transported from Lower Granite Dam: Final report from the 2006-2008 spring/summer Chinook salmon and Steelhead juvenile migrations","docAbstract":"In 2011, the final year class of adult salmon Oncorhynchus spp. returned from smolt groups released for a multi-year study to evaluate an alternate release site for transported fish. Smolts were collected and tagged at Lower Granite Dam, transported, and released at the alternate site near Astoria, Oregon (river kilometer 10) or at the traditional release site near Skamania Landing (rkm 225) just downstream of Bonneville Dam.
\nStudy fish were juvenile steelhead O. mykiss and yearling spring/summer Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha, and our evaluation was based on comparisons of smolt-to-adult return rates (SARs) between replicate paired groups. Our hypothesis was that moving the traditional barge-release site 215 km downstream could increase adult returns by decreasing smolt mortality due to predation by piscivorous fish and birds. Paired groups were released weekly over 6 weeks during the migration seasons of 2006, 2007, and 2008. The last adult steelhead from these releases returned in May 2011 (2-ocean), and the last adult Chinook salmon in August 2011 (3-ocean).
\nWe found no evidence of a consistent difference in SARs for fish released at the two barge-release locations. Data were not sufficient to evaluate the effects of fish pathogens on avian predation. There was clear evidence that fish of both species released at Astoria were less vulnerable to avian predators than those released at the customary site at Skamania Landing. Unfortunately, this survival benefit did not translate to higher SARs, as it was offset by higher rates of straying by fish released from Astoria. This was likely a result of greater impairment to homing ability for fish released at Astoria.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Marsh, T.M., Muir, W.D., Sandford, B., Smith, S., and Elliott, D.G., 2012, Alternative barging strategies to improve survival of salmonids transported from Lower Granite Dam: Final report from the 2006-2008 spring/summer Chinook salmon and Steelhead juvenile migrations, viii, 77 p.","productDescription":"viii, 77 p.","numberOfPages":"76","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037189","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320929,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":320924,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/assets/26/8405_06052015_134431_Alt-BargeStrategy-2006-2008.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.00 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.24462890625,\n 44.41808794374846\n ],\n [\n -123.24462890625,\n 46.9502622421856\n ],\n [\n -116.60888671874999,\n 46.9502622421856\n ],\n [\n -116.60888671874999,\n 44.41808794374846\n ],\n [\n -123.24462890625,\n 44.41808794374846\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbace4b0b13d3919a2dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marsh, Tiffani M.","contributorId":169125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marsh","given":"Tiffani","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muir, William D.","contributorId":117524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muir","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sandford, Benjamin P.","contributorId":118178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandford","given":"Benjamin P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Steven G.","contributorId":118090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":517246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70038150,"text":"70038150 - 2012 - Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti (Asian Tapeworm)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-24T13:11:48","indexId":"70038150","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T06:30:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti (Asian Tapeworm)","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"2012, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti (Asian Tapeworm).","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026633","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"UNITED STATES","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"553b6930e4b0a658d79371a3"} ,{"id":70156679,"text":"70156679 - 2012 - Effects of groundwater pumping in the lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-29T16:05:17.837044","indexId":"70156679","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effects of groundwater pumping in the lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River basin","docAbstract":"USGS developed a groundwater-flow model of the Upper Floridan aquifer in lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River basin in southwest Georgia and adjacent parts of Alabama and Florida to determine the effect of agricultural groundwater pumping on aquifer/stream flow within the basin. Aquifer/stream flow is the sum of groundwater outflow to and inflow from streams, and is an important consideration for water managers in the development of water-allocation and operating plans. Specifically, the model was used to evaluate how agricultural pumping relates to 7Q10 low streamflow, a statistical low flow indicative of drought conditions that would occur during seven consecutive days, on average, once every 10 years. Argus ONETM, a software package that combines a geographic information system (GIS) and numerical modeling in an Open Numerical Environment, facilitated the design of a detailed finite-element mesh to represent the complex geometry of the stream system in the lower basin as a groundwater-model boundary. To determine the effects on aquifer/stream flow of pumping at different locations within the model area, a pumping rate equivalent to a typical center-pivot irrigation system (50,000 ft3/d) was applied individually at each of the 18,951 model nodes in repeated steady-state simulations that were compared to a base case representing drought conditions during October 1999. Effects of nodal pumping on aquifer/stream flow and other boundary flows, as compared with the base-case simulation, were computed and stored in a response matrix. Queries to the response matrix were designed to determine the sensitivity of targeted stream reaches to agricultural pumping. Argus ONE enabled creation of contour plots of query results to illustrate the spatial variation across the model area of simulated aquifer/streamflow reductions, expressed as a percentage of the long-term 7Q10 low streamflow at key USGS gaging stations in the basin. These results would enable water managers to assess the relative impact of agricultural pumping and drought conditions on streamflow throughout the basin, and to develop mitigation strategies to conserve water resources and preserve aquatic habitat.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"GIS and water resources VII: Proceedings of the American Water Resources Association 2012 Spring Specialty Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"American Water Resources Association 2012 Spring Specialty Conference: GIS and Water Resources VII","conferenceDate":"March 26-28, 2012","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, Louisiana","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","usgsCitation":"Jones, L.E., 2012, Effects of groundwater pumping in the lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River basin, in GIS and water resources VII: Proceedings of the American Water Resources Association 2012 Spring Specialty Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, March 26-28, 2012, 56 p.","productDescription":"56 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035295","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307478,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, Florida","otherGeospatial":"Lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.242919921875,\n 29.707139348134145\n ],\n [\n -85.23193359375,\n 31.5504526754715\n ],\n [\n -83.5400390625,\n 32.685619853722\n ],\n [\n -83.2049560546875,\n 32.88420028540548\n ],\n [\n -82.5567626953125,\n 32.44488496716713\n ],\n [\n -82.650146484375,\n 31.667408317080916\n ],\n [\n -83.5345458984375,\n 30.91636380602182\n ],\n [\n -84.22119140625,\n 30.4060442699695\n ],\n [\n -84.4354248046875,\n 29.940655389125002\n ],\n [\n -85.2044677734375,\n 29.635545914466675\n ],\n [\n -85.242919921875,\n 29.707139348134145\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91b1e4b0518e354dd154","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, L. Elliott 0000-0002-7394-2053 lejones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7394-2053","contributorId":4491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"L.","email":"lejones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Elliott","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":569934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70209277,"text":"70209277 - 2012 - Photometric properties of Vesta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T07:30:16","indexId":"70209277","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-05T07:28:10","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5945,"text":"Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Photometric properties of Vesta","docAbstract":"The Dawn spacecraft orbited Asteroid (4) Vesta for a year, and returned disk-resolved images and spectra covering visible and near-infrared wavelengths at scales as high as 20 m/pix. The visible geometric albedo of Vesta is ~ 0.36. The disk-integrated phase function of Vesta in the visible wavelengths derived from Dawn approach data, previous ground-based observations, and Rosetta OSIRIS observations is consistent with an IAU H-G phase law with H=3.2 mag and G=0.28. Hapke's modeling yields a disk-averaged single-scattering albedo of 0.50, an asymmetry factor of -0.25, and a roughness parameter of ~20 deg at 700 nm wavelength. Vesta's surface displays the largest albedo variations observed so far on asteroids, ranging from ~0.10 to ~0.76 in geometric albedo in the visible wavelengths. The phase function of Vesta displays obvious systematic variations with respect to wavelength, with steeper slopes within the 1- and 2-micron pyroxene bands, consistent with previous ground-based observations and laboratory measurement of HED meteorites showing deeper bands at higher phase angles. The relatively high albedo of Vesta suggests significant contribution of multiple scattering. The non-linear effect of multiple scattering and the possible systematic variations of phase function with albedo across the surface of Vesta may invalidate the traditional algorithm of applying photometric correction on airless planetary surfaces.","language":"English","publisher":"International Astronomical Union","doi":"10.1017/S174392131400533X","usgsCitation":"Li, J., and Titus, T.N., 2012, Photometric properties of Vesta: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, v. 10, no. H16, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.1017/S174392131400533X.","productDescription":"1 p.","ipdsId":"IP-064163","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s174392131400533x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":373565,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"H16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Jian-Yang","contributorId":152191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Jian-Yang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13179,"text":"Planetary Science Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":785747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Titus, Timothy N. 0000-0003-0700-4875 ttitus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-4875","contributorId":146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"Timothy","email":"ttitus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70159518,"text":"ofr20131280G1 - 2012 - Permissive tracts for nickel, copper, platinum group elements (PGE), and chromium deposits of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 66): Chapter G1 in Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70159518,"text":"ofr20131280G1 - 2012 - Permissive tracts for nickel, copper, platinum group elements (PGE), and chromium deposits of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 66): Chapter G1 in Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II)","indexId":"ofr20131280G1","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"chapter":"G1","title":"Permissive tracts for nickel, copper, platinum group elements (PGE), and chromium deposits of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 66): Chapter G1 in Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70160523,"text":"ofr20131280 - 2015 - Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V","indexId":"ofr20131280","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"Second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) Phase V"},"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T15:26:47","indexId":"ofr20131280G1","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1280","chapter":"G1","title":"Permissive tracts for nickel, copper, platinum group elements (PGE), and chromium deposits of Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 66): Chapter G1 in Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II)","docAbstract":"In 1996, at the request of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, a team of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists produced a strategic plan for the acquisition, improvement and modernization of multidisciplinary sets of data to support the growth of the Mauritanian minerals sector and to highlight the geological and mineral exploration potential of the country. In 1999, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania implemented a program for the acquisition of the recommended basic geoscientific information, termed the first Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier (Project for Institutional Capacity Building in the Mining Sector, PRISM-I). As a result of the PRISM-I efforts, a great deal of new geological, geophysical, geochemical, remote sensing, and hydrological data became available for evaluation and synthesis. However, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines recognized that additional work was required to extract the full benefit of the data before it could be of greatest use to the international community and of benefit to the Mauritanian minerals and development sector.
\nTo achieve this benefit, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines implemented a second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier (PRISM-II) in 2006 to consolidate, synthesize, and interpret all of the existing data, create a new 1:1,000,000 scale geologic map, and define the mineral resource potential of the country. A consortium in which the USGS was the lead scientific agency carried out the majority of the PRISM-II work. In 2008, the USGS Mauritania Minerals Project was interrupted due to political changes in Mauritania. PRISM-II work resumed in 2011, and was completed in 2013 with the delivery of over 40 separate written reports and plates, an access file containing the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database, and an interactive GIS containing all of the multi-disciplinary data and interpretive areas of mineral resource potential in Mauritania.
\nThis report contains the USGS results of the PRISM-II Mauritania Minerals Project and is presented in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania. The Report is composed of separate chapters consisting of multidisciplinary interpretive reports with accompanying plates on the geology, structure, geochronology, geophysics, hydrogeology, geochemistry, remote sensing (Landsat TM and ASTER), and SRTM and ASTER digital elevation models of Mauritania. The syntheses of these multidisciplinary data formed the basis for additional chapters containing interpretive reports on 12 different commodities and deposit types known to occur in Mauritania, accompanied by countrywide mineral resource potential maps of each commodity/deposit type. The commodities and deposit types represented include: (1) Ni, Cu, PGE, and Cr deposits hosted in ultramafic rocks; (2) orogenic, Carlin-like, and epithermal gold deposits; (3) polymetallic Pb-Zn-Cu vein deposits; (4) sediment-hosted Pb-Zn-Ag deposits of the SEDEX and Mississippi Valley-type; (5) sediment-hosted copper deposits; ( 6) volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits; (7) iron oxide copper-gold deposits; (8) uranium deposits; (9) Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits; (10) shoreline Ti-Zr placer deposits; (11) incompatible element deposits hosted in pegmatites, alkaline rocks, and carbonatites, and; (12) industrial mineral deposits. Additional chapters include the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database are accompanied by an explanatory text and the Mauritania Minerals Project GIS that contains all of the interpretive layers created by USGS scientists. Raw data not in the public domain may be obtained from the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines in Nouakchott, Mauritania.
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\nTo achieve this benefit, the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines implemented a second Projet de Renforcement Institutionnel du Secteur Minier (PRISM-II) in 2006 to consolidate, synthesize, and interpret all of the existing data, create a new 1:1,000,000 scale geologic map, and define the mineral resource potential of the country. A consortium in which the USGS was the lead scientific agency carried out the majority of the PRISM-II work. In 2008, the USGS Mauritania Minerals Project was interrupted due to political changes in Mauritania. PRISM-II work resumed in 2011, and was completed in 2013 with the delivery of over 40 separate written reports and plates, an access file containing the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database, and an interactive GIS containing all of the multi-disciplinary data and interpretive areas of mineral resource potential in Mauritania.
\nThis report contains the USGS results of the PRISM-II Mauritania Minerals Project and is presented in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania. The Report is composed of separate chapters consisting of multidisciplinary interpretive reports with accompanying plates on the geology, structure, geochronology, geophysics, hydrogeology, geochemistry, remote sensing (Landsat TM and ASTER), and SRTM and ASTER digital elevation models of Mauritania. The syntheses of these multidisciplinary data formed the basis for additional chapters containing interpretive reports on 12 different commodities and deposit types known to occur in Mauritania, accompanied by countrywide mineral resource potential maps of each commodity/deposit type. The commodities and deposit types represented include: (1) Ni, Cu, PGE, and Cr deposits hosted in ultramafic rocks; (2) orogenic, Carlin-like, and epithermal gold deposits; (3) polymetallic Pb-Zn-Cu vein deposits; (4) sediment-hosted Pb-Zn-Ag deposits of the SEDEX and Mississippi Valley-type; (5) sediment-hosted copper deposits; ( 6) volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits; (7) iron oxide copper-gold deposits; (8) uranium deposits; (9) Algoma-, Superior-, and oolitic-type iron deposits; (10) shoreline Ti-Zr placer deposits; (11) incompatible element deposits hosted in pegmatites, alkaline rocks, and carbonatites, and; (12) industrial mineral deposits. Additional chapters include the Mauritanian National Mineral Deposits Database are accompanied by an explanatory text and the Mauritania Minerals Project GIS that contains all of the interpretive layers created by USGS scientists. Raw data not in the public domain may be obtained from the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines in Nouakchott, Mauritania.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II) (Open File Report 2013-1280)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131280M1","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ministry of Petroleum, Energy, and Mines of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania","usgsCitation":"Fernette, G., and Horton, J.D., 2012, Permissive tracts for iron oxide copper-gold deposits in Mauritania (phase V, deliverable 78 ): Chapter M1 in Second projet de renforcement institutionnel du secteur minier de la République Islamique de Mauritanie (PRISM-II): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1280, Plate: 54.0 x 60.0 inches; Data; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131280M1.","productDescription":"Plate: 54.0 x 60.0 inches; Data; Metadata","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056910","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131280M1.PNG"},{"id":318744,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20131280"},{"id":319069,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1280/GIS_and_Maps/Chapter_M1_deliverable_78-Iron_oxide_copper-gold_deposits_(IOCG)/","text":"Map, Data, and Metadata"}],"country":"Mauritania","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-12.17075,14.61683],[-12.83066,15.30369],[-13.43574,16.03938],[-14.09952,16.3043],[-14.57735,16.59826],[-15.13574,16.58728],[-15.62367,16.36934],[-16.12069,16.45566],[-16.4631,16.13504],[-16.54971,16.67389],[-16.27055,17.16696],[-16.14635,18.10848],[-16.25688,19.09672],[-16.37765,19.59382],[-16.27784,20.09252],[-16.53632,20.56787],[-17.06342,20.99975],[-16.84519,21.33332],[-12.9291,21.32707],[-13.11875,22.77122],[-12.87422,23.28483],[-11.93722,23.37459],[-11.96942,25.93335],[-8.68729,25.88106],[-8.6844,27.39574],[-4.92334,24.97457],[-6.45379,24.95659],[-5.97113,20.64083],[-5.48852,16.3251],[-5.31528,16.20185],[-5.53774,15.50169],[-9.55024,15.4865],[-9.70026,15.26411],[-10.08685,15.33049],[-10.65079,15.13275],[-11.3491,15.41126],[-11.66608,15.38821],[-11.83421,14.7991],[-12.17075,14.61683]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Mauritania\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f11b65e4b0f59b85ddc4a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fernette, Gregory gfernette@usgs.gov","contributorId":149751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fernette","given":"Gregory","email":"gfernette@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, John D. 0000-0003-2969-9073 jhorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-9073","contributorId":1227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"John","email":"jhorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70136255,"text":"70136255 - 2012 - Long-distance swimming by polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the southern Beaufort Sea during years of extensive open water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T13:27:17","indexId":"70136255","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-30T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-distance swimming by polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the southern Beaufort Sea during years of extensive open water","docAbstract":"Polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) depend on sea ice for catching marine mammal prey. Recent sea-ice declines have been linked to reductions in body condition, survival, and population size. Reduced foraging opportunity is hypothesized to be the primary cause of sea-ice-linked declines, but the costs of travel through a deteriorated sea-ice environment also may be a factor. We used movement data from 52 adult female polar bears wearing Global Positioning System (GPS) collars, including some with dependent young, to document long-distance swimming (>50 km) by polar bears in the southern Beaufort and Chukchi seas. During 6 years (2004-2009), we identified 50 long-distance swims by 20 bears. Swim duration and distance ranged from 0.7 to 9.7 days (mean = 3.4 days) and 53.7 to 687.1 km (mean = 154.2 km), respectively. Frequency of swimming appeared to increase over the course of the study. We show that adult female polar bears and their cubs are capable of swimming long distances during periods when extensive areas of open water are present. However, long-distance swimming appears to have higher energetic demands than moving over sea ice. Our observations suggest long-distance swimming is a behavioral response to declining summer sea-ice conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Research Council of Canada","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, Canada","doi":"10.1139/Z2012-033","usgsCitation":"Pagano, A.M., Durner, G.M., Simac, K.S., York, G., and Amstrup, S.C., 2012, Long-distance swimming by polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the southern Beaufort Sea during years of extensive open water: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 90, no. 5, p. 663-676, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z2012-033.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"663","endPage":"676","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035037","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296931,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a93e4b08de9379b3106","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pagano, Anthony M. 0000-0003-2176-0909 apagano@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-0909","contributorId":3884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pagano","given":"Anthony","email":"apagano@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simac, Kristin S. 0000-0002-4072-1940 ksimac@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4072-1940","contributorId":131096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simac","given":"Kristin","email":"ksimac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"York, G.S.","contributorId":103857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":746238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70121535,"text":"tm11B4 - 2012 - Lidar base specification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-30T12:53:53","indexId":"tm11B4","displayToPublicDate":"2014-11-25T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"11-B4","displayTitle":"Lidar Base Specification","title":"Lidar base specification","docAbstract":"In late 2009, a $14.3 million allocation from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) for new light detection and ranging (lidar) elevation data acquisition prompted the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Geospatial Program (NGP) to develop a common minimum specification for all lidar data acquired for The National Map. Released as a working draft in 2010 and formally published in 2012, the USGS–NGP Lidar Base Specification (LBS) was quickly embraced by numerous States, counties, and foreign countries as the foundation for their own lidar specifications.
Prompted by a growing appreciation for the wide applicability and inherent value of lidar, a consortium of Federal agencies commissioned the National Enhanced Elevation Assessment (NEEA) study in 2010 to quantify the costs and benefits of a national lidar program. Published in 2012, the NEEA report documented a substantial return on such an investment, defined five quality levels (QL) for elevation data, and recommended an 8-year collection cycle of QL2 lidar data as the optimum balance of benefit and affordability. In response to the study, the USGS–NGP established the 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) in 2013 as the interagency vehicle through which the NEEA recommendations could be realized.
Lidar is a quickly evolving technology and much has changed in the industry since the previous version of the Lidar Base Specification (LBS) was published. Lidar data have improved in accuracy and spatial resolution, the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing has revised the geospatial accuracy standards, industry standard file formats have been expanded, additional applications for lidar have become accepted, and the need for interoperable data across collections has been realized. This revision to the LBS addresses some of those changes and provides continued guidance towards a nationally consistent lidar dataset.
Future versions of the Lidar base specification will be released online at https://www.usgs.gov/3DEP/lidarspec.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section B: U.S. Geological Survey standards in Book 11: Collection and delineation of spatial data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm11B4","collaboration":"National Geospatial Program","usgsCitation":"Heidemann, Hans Karl, 2018, Lidar base specification (ver. 1.3, February 2018): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 11, chap. B4, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm11b4.","productDescription":"viii, 101 p.","numberOfPages":"114","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051376","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352170,"rank":5,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11b4/images/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":352167,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11b4/Version1.0/TM11-B4.pdf","text":"Version 1.0, August 2012","size":"11.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Version 1.0"},{"id":352166,"rank":2,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11b4/versionHist2.txt","text":"Version History","size":"9.63 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"Version History"},{"id":352168,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11b4/Version1.2/tm11-B4.pdf","text":"Version 1.2, November 2014","size":"2.06 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Version 1.2"},{"id":352165,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11b4/pdf/tm11-B4.pdf","text":"Report—Version 1.3","size":"4.51 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"T & M 11–B4"},{"id":368368,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/3DEP/lidarspec","text":"The latest version of the Lidar Base Specification is available at https://www.usgs.gov/3DEP/lidarspec"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted August 17. 2012; Version 1.1: October 29, 2014; Version 1.2: November 12, 2014; Version 1.3: February 28, 2018","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 4 of Section B: U.S. Geological Survey standards in Book 11: Collection and delineation of spatial data.","contact":"Director, Earth Resources Observation and Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
Understanding the hydrodynamics and sediment transport dynamics in tidal channels is important for studies of estuary geomorphology, sediment supply to tidal wetlands, aquatic ecology and fish habitat, and dredging and navigation. Hydrodynamic and sediment transport data are essential for calibration and testing of numerical models that may be used to address management questions related to these topics. Herein we report preliminary analyses of near-bed turbulence and sediment flux measurements in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, a large network of tidal channels and wetlands located at the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, California, USA (Figure 1). Measurements were made in 6 channels spanning a wide range of size and tidal conditions, from small channels that are primarily fluvial to large channels that are tidally dominated. The results of these measurements are summarized herein and the hydrodynamic and sediment transport characteristics of the channels are compared across this range of size and conditions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Hydraulic Measurement and Experimental Methods Conference, Snowbird, Utah, August 12-15, 2012","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Hydraulic Measurement and Experimental Methods Conference","conferenceDate":"August 12, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Snowbird, Utah","language":"English","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Wright, S., and Whealdon-Haught, D., 2012, Near-bed turbulence and sediment flux measurements in tidal channels, in Proceedings of the Hydraulic Measurement and Experimental Methods Conference, Snowbird, Utah, August 12-15, 2012, Snowbird, Utah, August 12, 2012, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038033","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324597,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ca.water.usgs.gov/projects/baydelta/publications.html"},{"id":324598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.86035156249999,\n 38.098901948321256\n ],\n [\n -121.85760498046875,\n 38.01239425385966\n ],\n [\n -121.55273437499999,\n 37.95827503526034\n ],\n [\n -121.46347045898438,\n 37.966936792535144\n ],\n [\n -121.47720336914062,\n 38.25974980039479\n ],\n [\n -121.8878173828125,\n 38.23386541556983\n ],\n [\n -121.86035156249999,\n 38.098901948321256\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f2a1e4b07dd077c6a780","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, S.A.","contributorId":90080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whealdon-Haught, D.R.","contributorId":172409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whealdon-Haught","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70045354,"text":"70045354 - 2012 - Genesis of an oak-fire science consortium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T10:20:47","indexId":"70045354","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T14:47:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Genesis of an oak-fire science consortium","docAbstract":"With respect to fire management and practices, one of the most overlooked \nregions lies in the middle of the country. In this region there is a critical need for both recognition of fire’s importance and sharing of fire information and expertise. Recently we proposed and were awarded funding by the Joint Fire Science Program to initiate the planning phase for a regional fire consortium. The purpose of the consortium will be to promote the dissemination of fire information across the interior United States and \nto identify fire information needs of oak-dominated communities such as woodlands, forests, savannas, and barrens. Geographically, the consortium region will cover: 1) the Interior Lowland Plateau Ecoregion in Illinois, Indiana, central Kentucky and Tennessee; 2) the Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma Ozarks; 3) the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas and Oklahoma; and 4) the Cross Timbers Region in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. This region coincides with the southwestern half of the Central Hardwoods Forest \nRegion. The tasks of this consortium will be to disseminate fire information, connect fire professionals, and efficiently address fire issues within our region. If supported, the success and the future direction of the consortium will be driven by end-users, their input, and involvement.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 4th Fire in Eastern Oak Forest Conference, Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-102","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"4th Fire in Eastern Oak Forests Conference","conferenceDate":"May 17-19, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Springfield, MO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station","publisherLocation":"Newtown Square, PA","usgsCitation":"Grabner, K., Stambaugh, M.C., Guyette, R., Dey, D.C., and Willson, G., 2012, Genesis of an oak-fire science consortium, in Proceedings of the 4th Fire in Eastern Oak Forest Conference, Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-102, Springfield, MO, May 17-19, 2011, p. 207-211.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"211","ipdsId":"IP-029988","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"UNITED STATES","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c277dde4b014cc3a3e76df","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dey, D. C.","contributorId":187751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dey","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681561,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stambaugh, M. C.","contributorId":187750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stambaugh","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681562,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, S.L.","contributorId":88113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681563,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schweitzer, C. J.","contributorId":187752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schweitzer","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681564,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Grabner, K.W.","contributorId":51237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grabner","given":"K.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stambaugh, M. C.","contributorId":187750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stambaugh","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guyette, R.P.","contributorId":10746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guyette","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dey, D. C.","contributorId":187751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dey","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willson, G.D.","contributorId":99497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willson","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70004010,"text":"70004010 - 2012 - Stratigraphic architecture of bedrock reference section, Victoria Crater, Meridiani Planum, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-14T11:34:39","indexId":"70004010","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T09:59:13","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Stratigraphic architecture of bedrock reference section, Victoria Crater, Meridiani Planum, Mars","docAbstract":"The Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has investigated bedrock outcrops exposed in several craters at Meridiani Planum, Mars, in an effort to better understand the role of surface processes in its geologic history. Opportunity has recently completed its observations of Victoria crater, which is 750 m in diameter and exposes cliffs up to ~15 m high. The plains surrounding Victoria crater are ~10 m higher in elevation than those surrounding the previously explored Endurance crater, indicating that the Victoria crater exposes a stratigraphically higher section than does the Endurance crater; however, Victoria strata overlap in elevation with the rocks exposed at the Erebus crater. Victoria crater has a well-developed geomorphic pattern of promontories and embayments that define the crater wall and that reveal thick bedsets (3–7m) of large-scale cross-bedding, interpreted as fossil eolian dunes. Opportunity was able to drive into the crater at Duck Bay, located on the western margin of Victoria crater. Data from the Microscopic Imager and Panoramic Camera reveal details about the structures, textures, and depositional and diagenetic events that influenced the Victoria bedrock. A lithostratigraphic subdivision of bedrock units was enabled by the presence of a light-toned band that lines much of the upper rim of the crater. In ascending order, three stratigraphic units are named Lyell, Smith, and Steno; Smith is the light-toned band. In the Reference Section exposed along the ingress path at Duck Bay, Smith is interpreted to represent a zone of diagenetic recrystallization; \nhowever, its upper contact also coincides with a primary erosional surface. Elsewhere in the crater the diagenetic band crosscuts the physical stratigraphy. Correlation with strata present at nearby promontory Cape Verde indicates that there is an erosional surface at the base of the cliff face that corresponds to the erosional contact below Steno. The erosional contact at the base of Cape Verde lies at a lower elevation, but within the same plane as the contact below Steno, which indicates that the material above the erosional contact was built on significant depositional paleotopography. The eolian dune forms exposed in Duck Bay and Cape Verde, combined with the geometry of the erosional surface, indicate that these outcrops may be part of a larger-scale draa architecture. This insight is possible only as a result of the larger-scale exposures at Victoria crater, which significantly exceed the more limited exposures at the Erebus, Endurance, and Eagle craters.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary geology of Mars","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.2110/pec.12.102.0195","usgsCitation":"Edgar, L., Grotzinger, J., Hayes, A.G., Rubin, D.M., Squyres, S.W., Bell, J., and Herkenhoff, K.E., 2012, Stratigraphic architecture of bedrock reference section, Victoria Crater, Meridiani Planum, Mars, chap. 9 of Sedimentary geology of Mars, p. 195-209, https://doi.org/10.2110/pec.12.102.0195.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"209","ipdsId":"IP-025234","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180710-140847199","text":"External Repository"},{"id":282732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd743be4b0b290851096f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edgar, Lauren A.","contributorId":85504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"Lauren A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grotzinger, John P.","contributorId":22247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grotzinger","given":"John P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, Alex G.","contributorId":15524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Alex","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rubin, David M. 0000-0003-1169-1452 drubin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-1452","contributorId":3159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"David","email":"drubin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Squyres, Steve W.","contributorId":90212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bell, James F.","contributorId":44823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"James F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70073502,"text":"70073502 - 2012 - Testing the effect of water in crevasses on a physically based calving model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T18:08:12","indexId":"70073502","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T09:20:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":794,"text":"Annals of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing the effect of water in crevasses on a physically based calving model","docAbstract":"A new implementation of a calving model, using the finite-element code Elmer, is presented and used to investigate the effects of surface water within crevasses on calving rate. For this work, we use a two-dimensional flowline model of Columbia Glacier, Alaska. Using the glacier's 1993 geometry as a starting point, we apply a crevasse-depth calving criterion, which predicts calving at the location where surface crevasses cross the waterline. Crevasse depth is calculated using the Nye formulation. We find that calving rate in such a regime is highly dependent on the depth of water in surface crevasses, with a change of just a few meters in water depth causing the glacier to change from advancing at a rate of 3.5 km a-1 to retreating at a rate of 1.9 km a-1. These results highlight the potential for atmospheric warming and surface meltwater to trigger glacier retreat, but also the difficulty of modeling calving rates, as crevasse water depth is difficult to determine either by measurement in situ or surface mass-balance modelling.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Annals of Glaciology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Glaciological Society","doi":"10.3189/2012AoG60A107","usgsCitation":"Cook, S., Zwinger, T., Rutt, I., O’Neel, S., and Murray, T., 2012, Testing the effect of water in crevasses on a physically based calving model: Annals of Glaciology, v. 53, no. 60, p. 90-96, https://doi.org/10.3189/2012AoG60A107.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"96","ipdsId":"IP-033017","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/2012aog60a107","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281498,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281496,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2012AoG60A107"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Glacier","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147.30,60.30 ], [ -147.30,61.30 ], [ -146.30,61.30 ], [ -146.30,60.30 ], [ -147.30,60.30 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"53","issue":"60","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd76a3e4b0b2908510b090","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cook, S.","contributorId":26225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zwinger, T.","contributorId":82612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zwinger","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rutt, I.C.","contributorId":82613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutt","given":"I.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144 soneel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":166740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neel","given":"Shad","email":"soneel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murray, T.","contributorId":59304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70169149,"text":"70169149 - 2012 - Spread dynamics of perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium) in two seasonal wetland areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-23T10:52:44","indexId":"70169149","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2100,"text":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spread dynamics of perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium) in two seasonal wetland areas","docAbstract":"Perennial pepperweed is an invasive plant that is expanding rapidly in several plant communities in the western United States. In California, perennial pepperweed has aggressively invaded seasonal wetlands, resulting in degradation of habitat quality. We evaluated the rate and dynamics of population spread, assessed the effect of disturbance on spread, and determined the biotic and abiotic factors influencing the likelihood of invasion. The study was conducted at eight sites within two wetland regions of California. Results indicate that in undisturbed sites, spread was almost exclusively through vegetative expansion, and the average rate of spread was 0.85 m yr−1 from the leading edge. Spread in sites that were disked was more than three times greater than in undisturbed sites. While smaller infestations increased at a faster rate compared with larger populations, larger infestations accumulated more newly infested areas than smaller infestations from year to year. Stem density was consistently higher in the center of the infestations, with about 2.4 times more stems per square meter compared with the leading edge at the perimeter of the population. The invasion by perennial pepperweed was positively correlated with increased water availability but was negatively correlated with the cover of perennial and annual species. Thus, high cover of resident vegetation can have a suppressive effect on the rate of invasion, even in wetland ecosystems. On the basis of these results, we recommend that resident plant cover not be disturbed, especially in wet areas adjacent to areas currently infested with perennial pepperweed. For infested areas, management efforts should be prioritized to focus on controlling satellite populations as well as the leading edge of larger infestations first. This strategy could reduce the need for costly active restoration efforts by maximizing the probability of successful re-establishment of resident vegetation from the adjacent seedbank.
","language":"English","publisher":"Weed Science Society of America","doi":"10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00039.1","usgsCitation":"Renz, M.J., Steinmaus, S.J., Gilmer, D.S., and DiTomaso, J.M., 2012, Spread dynamics of perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium) in two seasonal wetland areas: Invasive Plant Science and Management, v. 5, no. 1, p. 57-68, https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00039.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"68","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-030113","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-11-00039.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319209,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be51e4b0f59b85e02f0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Renz, Mark J.","contributorId":167709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renz","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13562,"text":"University of Wisconsin, Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinmaus, Scott J.","contributorId":167710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steinmaus","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24812,"text":"Cal Poly San Luis Obispo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilmer, David S.","contributorId":59508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DiTomaso, Joseph M.","contributorId":72925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiTomaso","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70155849,"text":"70155849 - 2012 - Complexity of human and ecosystem interactions in an agricultural landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T09:41:44","indexId":"70155849","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1532,"text":"Environmental Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complexity of human and ecosystem interactions in an agricultural landscape","docAbstract":"The complexity of human interaction in the commercial agricultural landscape and the resulting impacts on the ecosystem services of water quality and quantity is largely ignored by the current agricultural paradigm that maximizes crop production over other ecosystem services. Three examples at different spatial scales (local, regional, and global) are presented where human and ecosystem interactions in a commercial agricultural landscape adversely affect water quality and quantity in unintended ways in the Delta of northwestern Mississippi. In the first example, little to no regulation of groundwater use for irrigation has caused declines in groundwater levels resulting in loss of baseflow to streams and threatening future water supply. In the second example, federal policy which subsidizes corn for biofuel production has encouraged many producers to switch from cotton to corn, which requires more nutrients and water, counter to national efforts to reduce nutrient loads to the Gulf of Mexico and exacerbating groundwater level declines. The third example is the wholesale adoption of a system for weed control that relies on a single chemical, initially providing many benefits and ultimately leading to the widespread occurrence of glyphosate and its degradates in Delta streams and necessitating higher application rates of glyphosate as well as the use of other herbicides due to increasing weed resistance. Although these examples are specific to the Mississippi Delta, analogous situations exist throughout the world and point to the need for change in how we grow our food, fuel, and fiber, and manage our soil and water resources.
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