Growing interest in beaver-assisted restoration in the Tualatin River Basin of northwestern Oregon motivated a series of studies by the U.S. Geological Survey to assess the capacity of the stream network to support beaver dams and to evaluate the effects of beaver dams and ponds on urban streams. This multichapter volume describes the data collection from 2016–17 and the findings of these studies, which were done in partnership with Clean Water Services. Chapter A documents the locations of beaver dams in the Tualatin River Basin and how many beaver dams the stream network could support with existing and improved riparian vegetation. Beaver dam capacity was estimated by modifying existing tools to account for the low gradient of many streams in the Tualatin River Basin. Chapter B describes the effects of beaver dams and ponds on hydrologic and hydraulic responses of storm flows. Hydrologic and hydraulic responses for two urban stream reaches were compared with and without beaver dams and ponds and for a range of streamflow conditions using two-dimensional hydraulic models. Chapter C characterizes the effects of beaver dams and ponds on the transport and deposition of suspended sediment. Continuous turbidity, discrete suspended-sediment samples, and streamflow measurements collected during storms and base-flow periods were used to assess: (1) suspended-sediment loads upstream and downstream from two beaver-affected reaches, and (2) seasonal and longitudinal turbidity patterns. Chapter D describes the effects of beaver dams and ponds on longitudinal, spatial, and seasonal water-quality patterns. Continuous and synoptic water-quality data were collected along urban stream reaches, and net ecosystem production was calculated for two beaver-affected reaches. The findings of these studies illustrate that the effects of beaver dams and ponds on hydrology, hydraulics, suspended-sediment transport and deposition, and water quality are dependent on the characteristics of a stream reach (for example, channel gradient, groundwater exchange, and riparian vegetation) and the characteristics of beaver dams and ponds along that reach. This information can be used to consider the implications of beaver-assisted restoration in the Tualatin River Basin and the effects of beaver dams and ponds in urban streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255039","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Clean Water Services","usgsCitation":"Jones, K.L, and Smith, C.D., eds., Beavers in the Tualatin River Basin, northwestern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5039, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255039.","productDescription":"Chapters A-D","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":496209,"rank":2,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20253022","text":"Fact Sheet 2025-3022","description":"FS 2025-3022","linkHelpText":"- Beaver dams and their effects on urban streams in the Tualatin River Basin, northwestern Oregon"},{"id":496091,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5039/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Tualatin River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.5,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 45.375\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 45.375\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 45.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
601 SW 2nd Avenue, Suite 1950
Portland, Oregon 97204
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the City of Madison, evaluated how street cleaning frequency influences the pollutant removal efficiency of a stormwater treatment pond in Madison, Wisconsin (2020–24). Paired influent and effluent samples were analyzed for nutrients, sediment, and chloride under a weekly and monthly street cleaning scenario.
Results showed that less frequent cleaning (monthly frequency) led to higher pollutant accumulation on streets, increasing influent concentrations of nitrogen and sediment. This, in turn, allowed the pond to achieve higher overall load-reduction percentage compared to weekly cleaning, particularly for total suspended sediment, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Dissolved phosphorus was an exception where removal was significantly greater under weekly cleaning. One explanation could be related to internal phosphorus release from pond sediments under anoxic conditions. Nearly all events showed net export of chloride from the pond, with effluent loads exceeding influent loads for both street cleaning frequencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255096","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and City of Madison","programNote":"Cooperative Research Units","usgsCitation":"Selbig, W.R., Thiboldeaux, S., and Gaebler, P., 2025, The role of street cleaning on the water-quality performance of a stormwater treatment pond in Madison, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5096, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255096.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 17 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-175884","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496075,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255096/full"},{"id":496073,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5096/images/"},{"id":496071,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5096/sir20255096.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5094"},{"id":496074,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13JQZXF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Stormwater treatment pond water-quality load and concentration data at Cherokee Park, Madison, Wisconsin, 2020–24"},{"id":496072,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5096/sir20255096.XML"},{"id":496056,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5096/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Madison","otherGeospatial":"Cherokee Park stormwater pond","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.26586492676249,\n 43.19105202225663\n ],\n [\n -89.52551265962002,\n 43.19105202225663\n ],\n [\n -89.52551265962002,\n 43.02971686911792\n ],\n [\n -89.26586492676249,\n 43.02971686911792\n ],\n [\n -89.26586492676249,\n 43.19105202225663\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
The transport of sand and finer sediment in the Yampa and Green river network is typically in disequilibrium with the local sediment supply because of the partial decoupling of the sources of water and sediment: most of the water is supplied farther upstream than most of the sediment. This decoupling leads to sand being transported in the main-stem rivers as elongating sand waves following sand resupply during tributary floods. Because of the large amount of sand supplied to the Yampa River by the Little Snake River, Yampa River annual floods generate sand waves that migrate downstream in the Green River causing longitudinal patterns in bed-sand grain size that, in turn, lead to large spatial changes in sand transport. These changes in bed-sand grain size dominate over changes in water discharge in regulating sand transport in the sand-bedded reaches of these rivers. Furthermore, at any given discharge, these changes in bed-sand grain size dominate over all other processes in regulating sand transport in both sand- and gravel-bedded reaches of these rivers. Consequently, erosion or deposition of sand, and the associated changes in fish habitat in the Uinta Basin segment of the Green River are only indirectly related to Green River discharge and Flaming Gorge Dam operations. Owing to the longitudinal patterns of bed-sand grain size associated with the downstream migration of sand waves generated by the Yampa River, a multi-year sequence of large, and likely slightly declining, annual floods on the Yampa River is the probable mechanism that increases backwater fish habitat in the Uinta Basin segment of the Green River.
Cross-section resurveys indicate that the Uinta Basin (Jensen to Ouray) segment of the Green River has undergone sand erosion caused by slight channel widening since the 1990s (a channel response in opposition to that observed farther downstream in Canyonlands National Park during this period). These resurveys indicate that sand deposition leads to a decrease in channel complexity whereas sand erosion generally leads to an increase in channel complexity. The backwaters used as native fish nursery habitat consist of deep pools downstream from and adjacent to large bank-attached sandbars; thus, more extensive backwater habitat equates to greater channel complexity. The generation of the sand wave during the first large Yampa River flood in a sequence (that is, the year-1 flood) causes fining of the bed sand near Jensen. The downstream coarsening associated with bed sand that is finer near Jensen than downstream near Ouray causes a downstream decrease in sand transport in the Uinta Basin segment, leading to net sand deposition and decreased channel complexity. Continued downstream migration of this sand wave during the following year’s annual flood (that is, the year-2 flood) then causes downstream fining, leading to erosion of sand and increased channel complexity in this segment.
Although the year-1 Yampa River flood supplies the sand and deposits the large sandbars required to form backwaters, and thereby makes possible future backwater habitat, these floods cause a temporary reduction in backwater habitat in the Uinta Basin segment because they tend to cause net sand deposition. It is the subsequent out-year Yampa River floods of likely equal or lesser magnitude that maintain or increase backwater habitat because these are the floods that convey sand through or erode sand from this segment. These typically smaller out-year Yampa River floods rework the sandbars deposited during the year-1 annual flood, thereby leading to the increases in both backwater area and volume that have been measured upon recession of these floods. Although artificial floods released from Flaming Gorge Dam might be used to simulate the habitat maintenance achieved by out-year Yampa River floods, the limited sand supply and stage associated with such dam releases precludes their use as a replacement for the sandbar-depositing role of year-1 Yampa River floods that is a prerequisite for backwater formation in the Uinta Basin segment of the Green River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255075","usgsCitation":"Topping, D.J., Griffiths, R.E., Unema, J.A., and Dean, D.J., 2025, Controls on sediment transport and storage in the Little Snake, Yampa, and Green Rivers in the vicinities of Dinosaur National Monument and Ouray National Wildlife Refuge, Colorado and Utah, with implications for fish habitat in the middle Green River: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5075, 117 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255075.","productDescription":"Report: xiii, 117 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"117","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-143069","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497642,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255075/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5075 HTML"},{"id":496088,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5075/sir20255075.XML","description":"SIR 2025-5075 XML"},{"id":496089,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5075/images"},{"id":496084,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5075/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":496086,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5075/sir20255075.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5075 PDF"},{"id":496223,"rank":9,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255078","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2025-5078","description":"Dean, D.J., Grams, P.E., Sartain, S.L., Leonard, C.M., Griffiths, R.E., Unema, J.A., Topping, D.J., and Schmidt, J.C., 2025, Channel and floodplain cross-section and bed-elevation analyses of the Green River in Echo, Island, and Rainbow Parks, Dinosaur National Monument, Colorado and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5078, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255078.","linkHelpText":"- Channel and floodplain cross-section and bed-elevation analyses of the Green River in Echo, Island, and Rainbow Parks, Dinosaur National Monument, Colorado and Utah"},{"id":496242,"rank":8,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231070","text":"Open-File Report 2023-1070","description":"Griffiths, R.E., Topping, D.J., Leonard, C., and Unema, J.A., 2024, Resurvey of cross sections on the Yampa and Little Snake Rivers in Lily and Deerlodge Parks, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1070, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231070.","linkHelpText":"- Resurvey of cross sections on the Yampa and Little Snake Rivers in Lily and Deerlodge Parks, Colorado"},{"id":496241,"rank":7,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JF004534","text":"Journal article","description":"Topping, D.J., Mueller, E.R., Schmidt, J.C., Griffiths, R.E., Dean, D.J., and Grams, P.E., 2018, Long-term evolution of sand transport through a river network—Relative influences of a dam versus natural changes in grain size from sand waves: Journal of Geophysical Research—Earth Surface, v. 123, no. 8, p. 1879–1909, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JF004534.","linkHelpText":"- Long-term evolution of sand transport through a river network—Relative influences of a dam versus natural changes in grain size from sand waves"},{"id":496090,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ND61HI","text":"USGS data release","description":"Griffiths, R.E., Kohl, K.A., and Unema, J.A., 2023, Surveyed coordinates and elevations in a 2020 resurvey of previously established cross sections on the Green River between Jensen and Ouray, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ND61HI.","linkHelpText":"Surveyed coordinates and elevations in a 2020 resurvey of previously established cross sections on the Green River between Jensen and Ouray, Utah"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Green River, Little Snake River, Yampa River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.75,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -109.75,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -109.75,\n 40.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Southwest Biological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N. Gemini Drive
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
This report describes the techniques and methods for computing the mean-channel velocity and discharge using the entropy-based probability concept (probability concept). The method is an alternative to or augments standard streamgaging methods adopted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Although sensor technology for measuring the mean velocity and discharge has advanced, standard streamgaging and computational methods have remained relatively unchanged since the USGS established its first streamgage at the Rio Grande at Embudo, New Mexico in 1889.
Standard streamgaging methods rely on integrating velocities and depths measured at multiple verticals at a channel cross section (standard cross section) to compute a discharge. The probability concept computes discharge at a single vertical (y-axis) using the ratio of the mean-channel velocity (mean velocity) and maximum velocity, the measured maximum velocity, and the area as a function of stage at the standard cross section. Proper siting and operation and maintenance are required. If siting is conducted appropriately, the probability concept parameters and the y-axis stationing will be similar for different streamflow conditions. The timing of operation and maintenance visits should be based on hydrologic and meteorologic occurrences and seasonality and should capture low, medium, high, and opportunistic streamflow conditions.
Advantages of the probability concept are the capacity to (1) compute discharge time series immediately after streamgage siting, (2) compute discharge for complex streamflow conditions that cannot be quantified by stage-discharge methods, (3) augment time-series data where gaps exist, and (4) integrate with surface velocity sensors such as Doppler velocity radars and cameras, which are not subject to damage caused by ice, debris, and flood flows. Potential sources of bias in discharge derived from the probability concept include (1) rain, (2) wind, and (3) geomorphologic and hydraulic instabilities. Recommendations to address these biases are provided.
This report guides users through the steps to parameterize the probability concept, process field data, and compute the mean velocity and discharge using the probability concept.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/tm3A26","usgsCitation":"Fulton, J.W., Engel, F.L., Eggleston, J.R., and Chiu, C.-L., 2025, Computing discharge using the entropy-based probability concept: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods book 3, chap. A26, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm3A26.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 66 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-138301","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496208,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/03/a26/tm3a26.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.77 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"T and M 2-A26"},{"id":496210,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/03/a26/Appendix_3_Wind_Bias.csv","text":"Appendix 3","size":"8.0 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"T and M 2-A26 Appendix 3","linkHelpText":"Correction for Wind Bias"},{"id":496207,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/03/a26/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 415
Denver, CO 80225
This report describes the steps and the theory to compute the speed and flow of water in streams using the probability concept.
","publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulton, John W, 0000-0002-5335-0720","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-0720","contributorId":213630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"John","middleInitial":"W,","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engel, Frank L. 0000-0002-4253-2625","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4253-2625","contributorId":218208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"Frank","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eggleston, Jack R. 0000-0001-6633-3041","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6633-3041","contributorId":204628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleston","given":"Jack R.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chiu, Chao-Lin","contributorId":361821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chiu","given":"Chao-Lin","affiliations":[{"id":86362,"text":"Emeritus - University of Pittsburgh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70271933,"text":"sir20255083 - 2025 - Regional hydraulic geometry characteristics of stream channels in the Boston Mountains in Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:07:29.146923","indexId":"sir20255083","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-29T08:02:22","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5083","displayTitle":"Regional Hydraulic Geometry Characteristics of Stream Channels in the Boston Mountains in Arkansas","title":"Regional hydraulic geometry characteristics of stream channels in the Boston Mountains in Arkansas","docAbstract":"Many stream-channel infrastructure, habitat enhancement, and restoration projects are undertaken on streams throughout Arkansas by Federal, State, and local agencies as well as by private organizations and businesses with limited data on local geomorphology and streamflow conditions. Equations that relate drainage area above stable stream reaches to the basin characteristics, bankfull streamflow, and the associated channel dimensions can be used to estimate stream conditions. These equations, along with streambed material particle information, provide information that can be used to improve stream-channel projects. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Little Rock District, completed a study to develop these equations for streams in the Boston Mountains in Arkansas.
Fourteen U.S. Geological Survey streamgages and stream reaches located in the Boston Mountains were selected for analysis. Geomorphic parameters of streams, including the mean bankfull channel dimensions (cross-sectional area, top width, mean depth, and streamflow), and the contributing drainage areas were investigated. Streambed materials were collected at eight of these sites to develop descriptive statistics of the streambed particle-size distributions and percentages of substrate type. Stream reaches at each study site were classified to Rosgen level II stream type based on the averages of stream-channel metrics collected from site cross sections and profiles. Of the 14 selected Boston Mountain stream reaches, 7 were classified as B-type streams, and 7 were classified as C-type streams. For these streams, the significant differences in measured parameters between stream types were that the B-type streams had greater depth, hydraulic radii, and bar D50 and D85 particle sizes, while C-type streams had greater watershed slopes. Streambed material particle size decreased with mean drainage basin elevation and decreased with increasing entrenchment ratios. Bar sediment size exhibited decreasing size with increasing sinuosity. Regional hydraulic geometry curves were constructed for the streams in the Boston Mountains by plotting measured bankfull geometry dimensions from stable reaches and the associated bankfull streamflow against the contributing drainage area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255083","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Little Rock District","usgsCitation":"Kroes, D.E., Ruhl-Whittle, L., Pieri, A.C., and Pugh, A.L., 2025, Regional hydraulic geometry characteristics of stream channels in the Boston Mountains in Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5083, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255083.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 28 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-166842","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497784,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118903.htm"},{"id":496007,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1XARR7X","text":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"- Hydraulic geometry of stream channels in the Boston Mountains of Arkansas"},{"id":496006,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255083/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5083 HTML"},{"id":496005,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5083/sir20255083.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2025-5083 XML"},{"id":496004,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5083/sir20255083.pdf","size":"2.39 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5083"},{"id":496003,"rank":2,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5083/images"},{"id":496002,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5083/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Boston Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95,\n 36.25\n ],\n [\n -95,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -91.5,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -91.5,\n 36.25\n ],\n [\n -95,\n 36.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, TN 37211
Contact Us- USGS Publications Warehouse
","tableOfContents":"Groundwater-quality trend assessments identify aquifers that are responding to changes in pesticide use and the compounds that may pose a threat to water availability. The U.S. Geological Survey has been monitoring pesticide concentrations in groundwater for 25 principal aquifers across the conterminous United States since 1993. The groundwater well locations represent a range of soils, climate, and landforms. The wells are used to monitor groundwater underlying selected agricultural and urban settings and groundwater used for domestic supply. This study examined changes in relative concentrations, defined here as the percentage of wells with pesticide concentrations exceeding a human health benchmark (HHB). HHBs used in this report are legally enforceable drinking-water standards and nonenforceable drinking water levels. Relative pesticide concentration increases may lead to decreased water availability, as restrictions may be put in place for groundwater used as a drinking-water source.
This study focused on concentration changes in 22 pesticides that were included in laboratory analysis from 1993 to 2023. The analysis and interpretation of these pesticide concentrations in groundwater have been separated into approximate decadal intervals (decade 1 (1993–2001), decade 2 (2002–12), and decade 3 (2013–22). For one pesticide, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), concentration data were also collected in decade 4 (2023–onward).
Atrazine, deethylatrazine, alachlor, prometon, and simazine were 5 pesticides detected at moderate concentrations (greater than 10 percent of the HHB but less than or equal to the HHB). The percentage of wells that had groundwater pesticide concentrations in the moderate concentration category decreased from 7 percent in decade 1 to 2 percent in decade 3. The agricultural networks had the highest percentages of wells with moderate concentrations, and these percentages decreased from 13 percent in decade 1 to 4 percent in decade 3. Moderate concentrations in the urban networks decreased between decades 1 and 2 from 4 percent to 0 percent. No moderate concentrations occurred in the urban networks in decade 3. The percentage of wells with moderate concentrations in the domestic supply networks (1 percent) was the lowest of all the network types and did not change across the three decades. Moderate atrazine or deethylatrazine concentrations occurred across all three decades in aggregated ecoregions representing similar soils, climate, and landforms in the Semiarid West, Midcontinent, and Northeastern United States. Moderate concentrations of prometon, alachlor, and simazine also occurred in the Midcontinent, Arid West, Northeast, South Atlantic Gulf, and Semiarid West regions, but the moderate concentrations did not persist across all three decades.
DBCP was the only pesticide that exceeded its respective HHB, and the exceedances occurred across all four decades. In this report, the DBCP analysis was limited to one well network in the Central Valley, California. Agricultural use of DBCP was suspended in 1977. Forty-five years after being banned, DBCP concentrations were greater than the maximum contaminant level of 2 micrograms per liter (μg/L), but the number of exceedances decreased from 50 percent to 15 percent of the samples between 1993 and 2023.
This assessment of decadal groundwater pesticide concentrations provides a characterization of changes in water availability because of pesticide contamination in areas where groundwater is used as a drinking-water source. The results highlight the importance of continued long-term monitoring and assessment of groundwater pesticides to identify locations and specific compounds that may pose a potential risk to human health.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255081","programNote":"National Water Quality Program","usgsCitation":"Stackpoole, S.M., Lindsey, B.D., and Nell, C.S., 2025, Multidecadal change in pesticide concentrations relative to human health benchmarks in the Nation’s groundwater: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5081, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255081.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 21 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-167547","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496203,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5081/sir20255081.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2025-5081 XML"},{"id":496200,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5081/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":496201,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5081/sir20255081.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.14 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5081 PDF"},{"id":496205,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1CFEJIX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water quality data for multidecadal change in pesticide concentrations relative to human health benchmarks in the Nation’s groundwater"},{"id":497781,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118900.htm"},{"id":496202,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255081/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5081 HTML"},{"id":496204,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5081/images/"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"continental United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"National Water Quality Program
Water Resources Mission Area
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, Virginia 20192
We assessed private-well drinking water (DW) at the point of use (i.e., tapwater, TW) within a rural Nebraska community around a state-closed biofuel facility, which used pesticide-treated corn seed as feedstock for ethanol production. Organic (485), inorganic (34), and microbial (13) analytes were assessed at 15 locations in June 2022, to evaluate the relative contribution of facility-consistent pesticides (seed-treatment fungicides and insecticides) to overall TW-contaminant exposures and predicted human-health risks. Thirty-three organics (12 pesticides) and 28 inorganics were detected, the former including the fungicide sedaxane, insecticide chlorantraniliprole, and multiple neonicotinoid insecticides/degradates, all consistent with seed treatment and respective biofuel-facility waste. Assessment of pesticides only at extant point-of-use (POU) treatment taps at three sites demonstrated complete elimination of all TW-pesticide detections. Based on detection of maximum pesticide concentrations in a home located downstream along a creek capturing facility runoff, pesticides only were assessed in January 2023 again at this home and at three adjacent locations, confirming results at the former and documenting decreasing TW-pesticide concentrations, including neonicotinoids, with increasing distance from the creek. Human-health DW benchmarks are not available for many detected pesticides, including the detected fungicide and insecticides, but precautionary screening levels were exceeded frequently due to multiple inorganics. The results indicate that exposures to multiple (median: 4.5; range: 1–7) co-occurring TW contaminants of potential human-health concern are common, warranting consideration of point-of-entry or POU treatment(s) throughout the community to reduce or eliminate unrecognized exposures to TW contaminants, including facility-associated pesticides in down-gradient locations. More broadly, results emphasize the importance of continued characterization of private-TW exposures, employing a environmentally informative analytical scope, to identify and mitigate risks of unrecognized exposures in private-well-dependent rural communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/d5ew00490j","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., Meppelink, S.M., Romanok, K., Schreiner, M., Smalling, K., Bartelt-Hunt, S.L., Densmore, B., Gordon, S.E., Loftin, K., McCleskey, R., Rogan, E.G., Rus, D., and Snow, D.D., 2025, Tapwater-contaminant mixtures and risk in a biofuel-facility impacted private-well community: Environmental Science: Water Research and Technology, v. 11, p. 2572-2594, https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ew00490j.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"2572","endPage":"2594","ipdsId":"IP-178170","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ew00490j","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496898,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Saunders County","city":"Mead","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.667,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -96.667,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -96.333,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -96.333,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -96.667,\n 41.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":205668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meppelink, Shannon M. 0000-0003-1294-7878","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1294-7878","contributorId":205653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meppelink","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Romanok, Kristin 0000-0002-8472-8765 kromanok@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8472-8765","contributorId":204640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanok","given":"Kristin","email":"kromanok@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schreiner, Molly L. 0000-0001-9306-5564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-5564","contributorId":296363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiner","given":"Molly L.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smalling, Kelly 0000-0002-1214-4920","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-4920","contributorId":221234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bartelt-Hunt, Shannon L. 0000-0002-2354-7573","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-7573","contributorId":363053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartelt-Hunt","given":"Shannon","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16587,"text":"University of Nebraska Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Densmore, Brenda 0000-0003-2429-638X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2429-638X","contributorId":215516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Brenda","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gordon, Stephanie E. 0000-0002-6292-2612 sgordon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-2612","contributorId":200931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"Stephanie","email":"sgordon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Loftin, Keith 0000-0001-5291-876X kloftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-876X","contributorId":221958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","email":"kloftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":205663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R. Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rogan, Eleanor G. 0000-0002-6260-4390","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6260-4390","contributorId":363054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogan","given":"Eleanor","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":86603,"text":"University of Nebraska Medical Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rus, David L. 0000-0003-3538-7826","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-7826","contributorId":208516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rus","given":"David L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Snow, Daniel D. 0000-0003-0885-0504","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0885-0504","contributorId":363055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snow","given":"Daniel","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16587,"text":"University of Nebraska Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70271978,"text":"70271978 - 2025 - Validation of gridded precipitation datasets for flood-typing in select conterminous U.S. basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-29T15:03:21.41738","indexId":"70271978","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-26T07:58:02","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2341,"text":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validation of gridded precipitation datasets for flood-typing in select conterminous U.S. basins","docAbstract":"Gridded precipitation datasets are required for flood-typing historical annual peak streamflow events in basins across the Conterminous United States. Selected gridded precipitation datasets were validated over the period 1981–2013 through comparisons with gage data from the NOAA Global Historical Climatology Network daily (GHCNd). The ability of each gridded dataset to capture the spatiotemporal characteristics of daily precipitation, including multi-day extremes over six selected regions, was assessed using the Kling-Gupta Efficiency metric and its component statistics. Overall, the Parameter-elevation Regression on Independent Slopes Model and Livneh-unsplit were found to best match the spatiotemporal variability of the GHCNd precipitation data, including extremes. The Analysis of Record for Calibration was found to be the third best-performing dataset in most regions except in the western U.S. The performance of reanalysis datasets evaluated appears to be poor compared to gage-based datasets. The reanalysis datasets might not be able to skillfully capture precipitation amounts at the correct location and time. Gage- and radar-based datasets were found to have relatively small biases (within +/-10% on an annual basis), while reanalysis datasets were found to have larger positive apparent biases, especially in winter and spring in most regions. It is possible that the apparent overestimation of winter and spring precipitation in the reanalysis datasets might reflect snow undercatch at gages especially in the central U.S. An overall deterioration of performance for correlation and/or variability was also observed for the summer season compared to other seasons in the reanalysis datasets. Various precipitation datasets might need to be used for flood-typing during different periods from the late 19th century to present. Datasets from different sources have different biases and errors and might have to be homogenized using downscaling and bias-adjustment methods. Alternatively, precipitation thresholds used in some flood-typing schemes might have to be adjusted as a function of time.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/JHYEFF.HEENG-6500","usgsCitation":"Irizarry-Ortiz, M.M., and Murphy, S.Y., 2025, Validation of gridded precipitation datasets for flood-typing in select conterminous U.S. basins: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, v. 30, no. 6, 04025042, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1061/JHYEFF.HEENG-6500.","productDescription":"04025042, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167576","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jhyeff.heeng-6500","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irizarry-Ortiz, Michelle M. 0000-0001-5338-8940","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5338-8940","contributorId":260660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irizarry-Ortiz","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, Sarah Yvette 0000-0001-5646-0936","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5646-0936","contributorId":361844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"Yvette","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70273314,"text":"70273314 - 2025 - Examining the compositional selectivity of hydrocarbon oxidation products using liquid–liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-06T15:11:50.945354","indexId":"70273314","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-25T09:09:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5925,"text":"Environmental Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examining the compositional selectivity of hydrocarbon oxidation products using liquid–liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction techniques","docAbstract":"The effect of extraction methods on detecting hydrocarbon oxidation products (HOPs) in groundwater remains unclear. HOPs are polar, water-soluble byproducts of petroleum biodegradation. Our previous work showed that liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), a method commonly used in regulatory monitoring, has a significantly lower extraction efficiency for HOPs compared to solid-phase extraction (SPE). In this study, we evaluate the analytical limitations and compositional selectivity of LLE and SPE using groundwater samples from the Bemidji, MN, crude oil spill site. Optical properties were characterized using excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMs), and a three-component PARAFAC model was validated, showing consistent trends across both extracts and whole water samples. Ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry (UHR-MS) revealed that LLE selectively recovered aliphatic-like compounds but underrepresented more polar oxygenated HOPs. In contrast, SPE methods were more effective at isolating highly oxidized compound classes. These differences were consistent across a gradient of contamination. Overall, the LLE was less precise and less representative of polar HOPs, introducing bias in the characterization of HOPs. This study is the first to quantitatively demonstrate the compositional selectivity and analytical bias of LLE versus SPE for HOPs using combined EEM-PARAFAC and UHR-MS techniques, with implications for long-term monitoring and site assessment protocols.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c07016","usgsCitation":"Zito, P., Ghannam, R., Harsha, M.L., Bekins, B., and Podgorski, D.C., 2025, Examining the compositional selectivity of hydrocarbon oxidation products using liquid–liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction techniques: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 59, p. 21324-21331, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c07016.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"21324","endPage":"21331","ipdsId":"IP-182330","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498348,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zito, Phoebe","contributorId":206101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zito","given":"Phoebe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37245,"text":"University of New Orleans","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ghannam, Rana","contributorId":220750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghannam","given":"Rana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37245,"text":"University of New Orleans","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harsha, Maxwell L.","contributorId":364842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harsha","given":"Maxwell","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37245,"text":"University of New Orleans","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":139407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Podgorski, David C.","contributorId":178153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Podgorski","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70272041,"text":"70272041 - 2025 - Quantifying groundwater response and uncertainty in beaver-influenced mountainous floodplains using machine learning-based model calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-14T15:42:24.888398","indexId":"70272041","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-25T08:36:36","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying groundwater response and uncertainty in beaver-influenced mountainous floodplains using machine learning-based model calibration","docAbstract":"Beavers (Castor canadensis) alter river corridor hydrology by creating ponds and inundating floodplains, and thereby improving surface water storage. However, the impact of inundation on groundwater, particularly in mountainous alluvial floodplains with permeable gravel/cobble layers overlain by a soil layer, remains uncertain. Numerical modeling across various floodplain structures considers topographic and sediment complexity and multidirectional flow, linking inundation to groundwater response. This study develops a model-data integration workflow to address uncertainty in groundwater response to beaver-induced inundations in a mountainous alluvial floodplain in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Uncertain factors include seasonal hydrologic dynamics, hydraulic conductivities, floodplain structures, and meteorological forcings. We employed an ensemble of groundwater models, based on geophysical and hydrologic data, with machine learning-based calibration using a neural density estimator. This allowed us to quantify the vertical flux from the soil layer to the permeable gravel bed, the down-valley underflow within the gravel bed, and their ratios. Results show a significant increase in the vertical flux relative to down-valley underflow, from 2% during dry pond periods to 20% during wet periods, serving as an analogy for conditions without and with beaver ponds. The study highlights the influence of floodplain structure on groundwater storage, water balance, and water quality impacted by beaver ponds. A thick gravel bed layer, with a large down-valley underflow, minimizes the effect of beaver-induced inundation on water quality. We emphasize the need for field-scale measurements of floodplain structure and improved characterization of evapotranspiration changes to reduce uncertainty in groundwater response.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2024WR039192","usgsCitation":"Wang, L., Babey, T., Perzan, Z., Pierce, S., Briggs, M., Boye, K., and Maher, K., 2025, Quantifying groundwater response and uncertainty in beaver-influenced mountainous floodplains using machine learning-based model calibration: Water Resources Research, v. 61, no. 9, e2024WR039192, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024WR039192.","productDescription":"e2024WR039192, 28 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175143","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496711,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr039192","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Crested Butte","otherGeospatial":"Oh‐Be‐Joyful Creek‐Slate River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.04714288137164,\n 38.91446258506133\n ],\n [\n -107.04714288137164,\n 38.87739197906146\n ],\n [\n -106.97879177179699,\n 38.87739197906146\n ],\n [\n -106.97879177179699,\n 38.91446258506133\n ],\n [\n -107.04714288137164,\n 38.91446258506133\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Lijing","contributorId":258127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Lijing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":949830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Babey, Tristan 0000-0002-6897-3162","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6897-3162","contributorId":215172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Babey","given":"Tristan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39190,"text":"Université de Rennes","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perzan, Zach","contributorId":362023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perzan","given":"Zach","affiliations":[{"id":40182,"text":"University of Nevada Las Vegas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pierce, Samuel","contributorId":245448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pierce","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36408,"text":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":222756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boye, Kristin","contributorId":219255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boye","given":"Kristin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39977,"text":"Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Maher, Kate","contributorId":245461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maher","given":"Kate","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70271963,"text":"70271963 - 2025 - Identifying organic contaminants at trespass cannabis grows on federal land in California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-26T15:27:56.505482","indexId":"70271963","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-25T08:18:58","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying organic contaminants at trespass cannabis grows on federal land in California, USA","docAbstract":"Despite the legalization of recreational cannabis in California, USA, illegal cannabis cultivation remains pervasive, partly through the establishment of illegal cultivation on public lands (trespass grows). These operations often illegally divert water for irrigation and perform unauthorized applications of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. This work investigates a broad suite of these chemicals, focusing on their persistence in topsoil and presence in water and bed sediment in adjacent streams. Quantitative analyses of pesticides were conducted (183 compounds in water; 176 in topsoil/bed sediment), supplemented by qualitative nontargeted screening at three trespass grows that had no active cultivation for 8 months to 2 years. Targeted multi-residue analysis of topsoil detected the insecticides bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, malathion and imidacloprid (with concentrations up to 38 ng/g dry weight, d.w.), and the fungicides fluopyram, myclobutanil, and triadimefon (concentrations up to 8.1 ng/g d.w.). No pesticides were detected in the companion water or streambed sediment samples from adjacent streams. In addition, no water samples were found to have measurable estrogenic activity. Nontargeted screening uncovered additional pesticides (i.e., spiromesifen, trinexapac) in the topsoil and cannabis-related compounds (i.e., cannabidol, delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol) in both topsoil and streambed sediment suggesting the likelihood of offsite transport of cannabis related compounds. Phthalate plasticizers, rubber-related compounds, pharmaceuticals and personal care product chemicals were detected in topsoil, water, and streambed sediment and may be related to extensive irrigation infrastructure installed at these trespass grows. This work begins to establish a contaminant profile associated with illegal cannabis growing activities, providing a foundation for future research focused on their potential ecological impacts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180576","usgsCitation":"Black, G.P., De Parsia, M., Uychutin, M., Gabriel, M.W., Medel, I., Wengert, G., Raines, C.D., Kolpin, D., Hubbard, L.E., and Hladik, M.L., 2025, Identifying organic contaminants at trespass cannabis grows on federal land in California, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 1002, 180576, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180576.","productDescription":"180576, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178116","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Bernardino National Forest, Six Rivers National Forest, Shasta-Trinity National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"1002","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Black, Gabrielle Pecora 0000-0002-1578-742X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1578-742X","contributorId":303108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"Gabrielle","email":"","middleInitial":"Pecora","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Parsia, Matt 0000-0001-5806-5403 mdeparsia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5806-5403","contributorId":173765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Parsia","given":"Matt","email":"mdeparsia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Uychutin, Matthew 0000-0003-2677-7902","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-7902","contributorId":339824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uychutin","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gabriel, Mourad W.","contributorId":202542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gabriel","given":"Mourad","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27598,"text":"Integral Ecology Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Medel, Ivan","contributorId":357889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Medel","given":"Ivan","affiliations":[{"id":85560,"text":"Integrated Ecology Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wengert, Greta","contributorId":219013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wengert","given":"Greta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27598,"text":"Integral Ecology Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Raines, Clayton D. 0000-0002-0403-190X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0403-190X","contributorId":296362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Clayton","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":205652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hubbard, Laura E. 0000-0003-3813-1500 lhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3813-1500","contributorId":4221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Laura","email":"lhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle L. 0000-0002-0891-2712","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":203857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70273990,"text":"70273990 - 2025 - Irrigated agriculture influences selenium levels in an endangered marsh bird","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-20T22:07:02.702346","indexId":"70273990","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-24T15:02:22","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Irrigated agriculture influences selenium levels in an endangered marsh bird","docAbstract":"Selenium bioaccumulation in aquatic food webs poses risks to wildlife, particularly in wetlands receiving irrigation runoff. The Salton Sea, California’s largest lake, is primarily sustained by agricultural drainage. This drainage creates wetland habitat along the lakeshore that many bird species depend on, including the federally endangered Yuma Ridgway’s rail (Rallus obsoletus yumanensis). However, these marshes may pose an ecological trap – attracting rails despite high selenium exposure. We captured rails during the 2020–2023 breeding seasons and compared rail selenium levels within three types of marshes (fed with irrigation runoff, Colorado River water, or groundwater). We collected blood, breast feathers, and head feathers of rails in all three water sources for selenium comparisons. We tagged adult rails with GPS transmitters to locate nests and foraging locations where we collected eggshells, unhatched eggs, and prey. We assessed selenium exposure by collecting multiple prey species commonly eaten by rails in all three water sources. Selenium concentrations varied among sampling locations. Selenium concentrations in most sample types were predominately influenced by water source and marsh inflow velocity (sometimes in combination with marsh size). Distance to inflow, however, did not influence selenium concentrations in any sample type. Selenium concentrations were highest in agricultural-fed marshes compared to river-fed and spring-fed marshes. Increased marsh inflow velocities resulted in lower selenium concentrations. Given the risk of an ecological trap, our results suggest that supplementing wetlands with Colorado River water could mitigate selenium bioaccumulation in Yuma Ridgway’s rails.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-14533-1","usgsCitation":"Yost, C.M., Sliwa, K.M., Shafique-Sabir, R., Shore, J., Conway, C.J., 2025, Irrigated agriculture influences selenium levels in an endangered marsh bird: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 197, 1142, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14533-1.","productDescription":"1142, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176614","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14533-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Salton Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.13309406925843,\n 33.58026380367677\n ],\n [\n -116.13309406925843,\n 33.05670633402593\n ],\n [\n -115.55554524889646,\n 33.05670633402593\n ],\n [\n -115.55554524889646,\n 33.58026380367677\n ],\n [\n -116.13309406925843,\n 33.58026380367677\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"197","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yost, Cydney M.","contributorId":366518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yost","given":"Cydney","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sliwa, Kathryn M.","contributorId":366519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sliwa","given":"Kathryn","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shafique-Sabir, Razia","contributorId":366520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shafique-Sabir","given":"Razia","affiliations":[{"id":81077,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shore, Jonathan","contributorId":366521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shore","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70271708,"text":"70271708 - 2025 - Diverging fish biodiversity trends in cold and warm rivers and streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-26T15:57:41.301996","indexId":"70271708","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-24T09:26:25","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diverging fish biodiversity trends in cold and warm rivers and streams","docAbstract":"Worldwide, freshwater systems contain more than 18,000 fish species1,2,3, which are critical to the functioning of these ecosystems4 and are vital cultural and economic resources to humans5,6,7; despite this value, fish biodiversity is at risk globally8,9. In the USA, leading threats to fish communities in rivers and streams include climate change and invasive fish introductions and game fish stocking by humans10,11,12,13,14. Here we harmonized US federal biomonitoring datasets with 389 species spanning 27 years (1993–2019) and 2,992 sites to analyse trends in fish biodiversity. In cold streams (past summer stream temperatures below 15.4 °C), fish abundance and richness declined by 53.4% and 32% over 27 years, respectively, and uniqueness increased. Periodic (large-bodied, late-maturing) fishes increased, and opportunists (small-bodied, short generation time, ‘r-selected’) decreased, possibly due to proliferation of native or introduced game fishes. In warm streams (stream temperatures greater than 23.8 °C), fish abundance and richness increased by 70.5% and 15.6% over 27 years, respectively, and communities homogenized. Small opportunistic fishes replaced large periodic fishes. Intermediate streams (stream temperatures 15.4–23.8 °C), representing the average stream, had minimal changes in fish biodiversity through time. Interactions between warming and introduced fish were associated with increased rates of degradation to local fish biodiversity. Given the magnitude of these changes in a relatively short time span, there is an urgent need to curb degradation of fish biodiversity caused by fish introductions and warming water temperatures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-09556-0","usgsCitation":"Rumschlag, S.L., Gallagher, B., Hill, R., Schafer, R.B., Schmidt, T.S., Woods, T., Kopp, D.A., Dumelle, M., Rohr, J., De Laender, F., Hoffman, J., Behrens, J., Lepak, R., Jones, D., and Mahon, M., 2025, Diverging fish biodiversity trends in cold and warm rivers and streams: Nature, v. 647, p. 656-662, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09556-0.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"656","endPage":"662","ipdsId":"IP-172821","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"continental United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"647","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rumschlag, Samantha L. 0000-0003-3125-8402","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-8402","contributorId":304823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rumschlag","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallagher, Brian","contributorId":361637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gallagher","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":30773,"text":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, Ryan","contributorId":361638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schafer, Ralf B.","contributorId":361639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schafer","given":"Ralf","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":80947,"text":"University of Duisburg-Essen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":221742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Woods, Taylor 0000-0002-6277-1260","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6277-1260","contributorId":304097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"Taylor","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kopp, Darin A.","contributorId":361648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kopp","given":"Darin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dumelle, Michael","contributorId":361649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dumelle","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rohr, Jason","contributorId":214630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rohr","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"De Laender, Frederik 0000-0002-4060-973X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-973X","contributorId":304832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Laender","given":"Frederik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66158,"text":"University of Namur","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hoffman, Joel","contributorId":361653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Joel","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Behrens, Jonathan","contributorId":361656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Behrens","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lepak, Ryan","contributorId":361659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lepak","given":"Ryan","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Jones, Devin","contributorId":361662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Devin","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mahon, Michael","contributorId":361665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahon","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70271947,"text":"70271947 - 2025 - Linking stream-reach nitrogen loads and groundwater “reachsheds” to inform wastewater-nitrogen management actions, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-25T14:08:33.913615","indexId":"70271947","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-24T08:58:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking stream-reach nitrogen loads and groundwater “reachsheds” to inform wastewater-nitrogen management actions, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Fish passage development is a priority at Tieton Dam, on the Tieton River in Washington state, because passage options were not included when the dam was constructed nearly 100 years ago. To inform downstream passage design, we conducted a study to evaluate migration and near-dam behavior of juvenile salmon. The primary goal of the study was to determine how fish approached the dam and to identify areas where they congregated. In its current configuration, water is passed through a deep intake located approximately 548 m upstream of the dam, so there was interest in determining if juvenile salmon spent more time near the intake or at the dam. We found that tagged fish primarily entered the dam forebay offshore and arrived at the dam near the spillway on the left bank of the reservoir. Tagged fish had extended residence times in the forebay and moved repeatedly between the intake and the dam. Using thermal profile data, we inferred that juvenile salmon likely occupied the upper 5 m of the water column during May and June before moving to deeper portions of the water column (10–27 m) during July–September when the reservoir became thermally stratified. We found that a small percentage of tagged fish passed the dam when the reservoir was rapidly drawn down during August–October, but additional research may be needed to fully assess entrainment risk through the intake. These findings suggest that downstream fish passage could be developed at Tieton Dam with a high probability of success, given that most fish survived reservoir passage and spent considerable time near the dam where they would be available to discover and utilize new passage routes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.70047","usgsCitation":"Kock, T.J., Morse, J.M., Stockwell, C.L., and Hansen, A.C., 2025, Evaluation of juvenile salmon behavior to inform downstream fish passage development at a high head dam: River Research and Applications, v. 42, no. 1, p. 30-39, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.70047.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"39","ipdsId":"IP-178653","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.70047","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Tieton Dam, Tieton River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.28956624184305,\n 46.663593593931665\n ],\n [\n -121.28956624184305,\n 46.618894099842606\n ],\n [\n -121.10450139881516,\n 46.618894099842606\n ],\n [\n -121.10450139881516,\n 46.663593593931665\n ],\n [\n -121.28956624184305,\n 46.663593593931665\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kock, Tobias J. 0000-0001-8976-0230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8976-0230","contributorId":214550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"Tobias","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morse, Joseph Mitchell 0009-0009-9937-4830","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9937-4830","contributorId":365998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morse","given":"Joseph","middleInitial":"Mitchell","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stockwell, Caitlin Louise 0000-0001-8257-8428","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8257-8428","contributorId":365999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockwell","given":"Caitlin","middleInitial":"Louise","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Amy C. 0000-0002-0298-9137","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-9137","contributorId":223220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Amy","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70271715,"text":"sir20255092 - 2025 - Flood-Inundation Maps of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers including the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Southeast Missouri, 2023","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T15:34:29.756536","indexId":"sir20255092","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T12:04:51","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5092","displayTitle":"Flood-inundation maps of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers including the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, southeast Missouri, 2023","title":"Flood-Inundation Maps of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers including the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Southeast Missouri, 2023","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 131.8-mile reach of the Current River and a 44.6-mile reach of the Jacks Fork River, in southeast Missouri, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Ozark Foothills Regional Planning Commission and the South Central Ozark Council of Governments. The maps also encompass the 134 miles of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers within the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, which is the first national park area to protect a river system. The flood-inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Program website at https://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (hereafter referred to as “stages”) at eight reference USGS streamgages—five on the Current River (USGS station numbers 07064440, 07064533, 07066510, 07067000, and 07068000) and three on the Jacks Fork River (USGS station numbers 07065200, 07065495, and 07066000). Near-real-time stages at these streamgages may be obtained from the USGS National Water Information System at https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN or the National Weather Service National Water Prediction Service at http://water.noaa.gov/, which also forecasts flood hydrographs at four of these sites (USGS station numbers 07067000, 07068000, 07065495, and 07066000).
Flood profiles were computed for seven of the eight map reaches by means of two-dimensional hydraulic models and the remaining reach by a one-dimensional hydraulic model. The models were calibrated by using stage-streamflow relations or streamflow measurements at the USGS streamgages and from high-flow stage measurements from water-level loggers distributed throughout the reaches.
The hydraulic models were used to compute water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datums. The profile stages ranged from the National Weather Service “action stage” or near bankfull, to a stage exceeding the highest recorded water level at each streamgage. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a digital elevation model (derived from light detection and ranging data having a nonvegetated vertical accuracy of a maximum 10-centimeter root mean square error) to delineate the area flooded at each water level and the associated water depths.
The availability of these maps, along with information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage and forecasted high-flow stages from the National Weather Service, will provide emergency management personnel, resource managers, and residents with information that is critical for flood-response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for postflood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255092","collaboration":"South Central Ozark Council of Governments, Ozark Foothills Regional Planning Commission","usgsCitation":"Heimann, D.C., High, J.L., Atkinson, A.A., and Rydlund, P.H., Jr., 2025, Flood-inundation maps of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers including the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, southeast Missouri, 2023: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5092, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255092.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 29 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-135288","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497780,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118892.htm"},{"id":495817,"rank":7,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"- USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":495816,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P90H2UQY","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hydraulic models and geospatial products associated with flood-inundation mapping of the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers including the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Southeast Missouri, 2022–25"},{"id":495815,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5092/images"},{"id":495813,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255092/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5092 HTML"},{"id":495809,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5092/sir20255092.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5092"},{"id":495808,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5092/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":495814,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5092/sir20255092.XML","description":"SIR 2025-5092 XML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Current River, Jacks Fork River, Ozark National Scenic Riverways","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.75,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -91.75,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -90.75,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -90.75,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -91.75,\n 37.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
The U.S. Geological Survey created flood-inundation maps that make up a 131.8-mile reach of the Current River, a 44.6-mile reach of the Jacks Fork River, including 134 miles of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways in southeast Missouri. The flood-inundation maps show estimates of the extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels at eight reference U.S. Geological Survey streamgages—five on the Current River (U.S. Geological Survey station numbers 07064440, 07064533, 07066510, 07067000, and 07068000) and three on the Jacks Fork River (U.S. Geological Survey station numbers 07065200, 07065495, and 07066000).
","publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heimann, David C. 0000-0003-0450-2545 dheimann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0450-2545","contributorId":3822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heimann","given":"David","email":"dheimann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"High, Jason L. 0009-0009-1031-1439","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1031-1439","contributorId":361676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"High","given":"Jason","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atkinson, Allison A. 0009-0001-7572-0729 aatkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7572-0729","contributorId":330979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Allison","email":"aatkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rydlund, Paul H. Jr. 0000-0001-9461-9944 prydlund@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9461-9944","contributorId":3840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rydlund","given":"Paul","suffix":"Jr.","email":"prydlund@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70271711,"text":"sir20255094 - 2025 - Flood-inundation maps for Río de la Plata in and near Comerío, Puerto Rico, 2025","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T15:33:11.072823","indexId":"sir20255094","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5094","displayTitle":"Flood-Inundation Maps for Río de la Plata in and Near Comerío, Puerto Rico, 2025","title":"Flood-inundation maps for Río de la Plata in and near Comerío, Puerto Rico, 2025","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 3.1-mile reach of Río de la Plata in and near Comerío, Puerto Rico, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Water-surface profiles were computed for the stream reach by using a one-dimensional steady-state step-backwater model. The model was calibrated to the current (2025) stage-streamflow relation (rating curve 11.0) for the USGS streamgage 50043800, Río de la Plata at Comerío, Puerto Rico. The resulting hydraulic model was then used to compute 16 water-surface profiles for water levels (flood stages) ranging from 10.00 to 40.00 feet at the streamgage and ranging from “action stage” to above “major flood stage” as reported by the National Weather Service. The 40.00-foot stage was selected because it exceeds the peak stage of 34.86 ft recorded during Hurricane Maria at the USGS streamgage 50043800, Río de Plata at Comerío, Puerto Rico. The simulated water-surface profiles were then used in combination with a digital elevation model derived from light detection and ranging data to map the inundated areas associated with each flood profile.
The flood-inundation maps and the supporting hydraulic model produced by this study can be used by emergency managers and local officials to assess flood mitigation strategies and to define flood hazard areas to help protect life and property, to coordinate flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, and to aid post-flood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255094","usgsCitation":"Ostheimer, C.J., and Torres-Garcia, L.M., 2025, Flood-inundation maps for Río de la Plata in and near Comerío, Puerto Rico, 2025: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5094, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255094.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 15 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-176013","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495789,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13UOGOZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial data sets and hydraulic model for Río de la Plata in and Near Comerío, Puerto Rico"},{"id":495788,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5094/images/"},{"id":495787,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5094/sir20255094.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2025-5082 XML"},{"id":495786,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255094/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5082 HTML"},{"id":495785,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5094/sir20255094.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5082 PDF"},{"id":495780,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5094/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":497779,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118885.htm"}],"country":"United States","city":"Comerio","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico, Rio de la Plata","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.19365607546672,\n 18.268637648344637\n ],\n [\n -66.20264706241515,\n 18.27758838215894\n ],\n [\n -66.21903386120783,\n 18.274972061568477\n ],\n [\n -66.229184975504,\n 18.262991563440394\n ],\n [\n -66.22758980040052,\n 18.254728669228726\n ],\n [\n -66.24151132857823,\n 18.254590950995066\n ],\n [\n -66.24484669470401,\n 18.250734796117897\n ],\n [\n -66.26891933717856,\n 18.244950403338635\n ],\n [\n -66.26993444860818,\n 18.217403035734378\n ],\n [\n -66.26239381153299,\n 18.185167128209628\n ],\n [\n -66.25673819071034,\n 18.183238292382484\n ],\n [\n -66.2425266306957,\n 18.193984391766037\n ],\n [\n -66.24528193314764,\n 18.183789390509304\n ],\n [\n -66.22352954536923,\n 18.175247173917384\n ],\n [\n -66.20975303311035,\n 18.174696048809224\n ],\n [\n -66.2051125237173,\n 18.197290750643944\n ],\n [\n -66.18263505634692,\n 18.202112411579463\n ],\n [\n -66.16936609980282,\n 18.216851668012367\n ],\n [\n -66.16943860776185,\n 18.22635645849499\n ],\n [\n -66.17494917440196,\n 18.230488705183646\n ],\n [\n -66.17799450869079,\n 18.246878681547642\n ],\n [\n -66.19365607546672,\n 18.268637648344637\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6460 Busch Blvd, Suite 100
Columbus, OH 43229-1737
Salt marshes are dynamic biogeomorphic systems reliant on autochthonous and allochthonous input to maintain their three-dimensional configuration. Sea-level rise, subsidence, and sediment deficits can lead to submergence, open-water expansion, and ultimately loss of the vegetated marsh plain and associated ecosystem services. Widely used management-focused models focus on vegetation zonation in response to sea level but neglect sediment transport processes and geomorphic change. Process-based research models attempt to represent complex physical and biogeomorphic interactions but operate on spatiotemporal scales that are not directly transferable to restoration or management. Here we bridge these two paradigms and present a novel geomorphic model (UBMorph) based on the sediment-based lifespan concept that accounts for sea-level rise and open-water expansion to predict changes in salt marsh area in Chesapeake Bay. Model parameters such as surface accretion rate and elevation-to-areal loss fraction are selected using a separate, fully coupled biogeomorphic model (MarshMorpho2D) and the predicted lifespan is then compared with high marsh coverage from a zonation model (SLAMM). Across all of Chesapeake Bay, UBMorph estimates an overall loss of 404 km2 (37%) of vegetated marsh area under a dynamic 3–12 mm/y sea-level rise scenario (between 2010 and 2110). We then demonstrate a management-focused application of UBMorph and SLAMM used in tandem, for developing both a marsh condition and restoration model of the Chesapeake Bay portion of Maryland. The restoration model, which includes hydrologic intervention and sediment placement actions, indicates that ~ 400 km2 of marsh require either no intervention or low effort hydrologic intervention presently, whereas if no action is taken, over 700 km2 will require high effort intervention by 2070. This synthesis of research models with management-focused decision models demonstrates a tangible advance in bridging the gap between process-based research and restoration needs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-025-01618-w","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., Ackerman, K., Defne, Z., Mariotti, G., Curson, D., Posnik, Z., Carr, J., and Grand, J., 2025, A simple predictive model for salt marsh internal deterioration under sea-level rise and sediment deficits: Application to Chesapeake Bay: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 48, 178, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-025-01618-w.","productDescription":"178, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177384","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-025-01618-w","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496080,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.56007683480865,\n 39.662435478342644\n ],\n [\n -77.02265802866081,\n 39.662435478342644\n ],\n [\n -77.02265802866081,\n 36.851268885158845\n ],\n [\n -75.56007683480865,\n 36.851268885158845\n ],\n [\n -75.56007683480865,\n 39.662435478342644\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":202878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Kate 0000-0003-3925-721X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3925-721X","contributorId":293631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Defne, Zafer 0000-0003-4544-4310 zdefne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4544-4310","contributorId":5520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defne","given":"Zafer","email":"zdefne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mariotti, Giulio","contributorId":207541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mariotti","given":"Giulio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37557,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Curson, David","contributorId":361793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curson","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":86352,"text":"Audubon Mid-Atlantic","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Posnik, Zachary","contributorId":361794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Posnik","given":"Zachary","affiliations":[{"id":27800,"text":"National Audubon Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Carr, Joel 0000-0002-9164-4156 jcarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9164-4156","contributorId":220098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Joel","email":"jcarr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Grand, Joanna","contributorId":291964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grand","given":"Joanna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27800,"text":"National Audubon Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70271936,"text":"70271936 - 2025 - River-to-lake transitional areas contribute disproportionately to in-lake nutrient loading","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-25T14:31:08.098564","indexId":"70271936","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T09:22:46","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":22676,"text":"Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"River-to-lake transitional areas contribute disproportionately to in-lake nutrient loading","docAbstract":"River-to-lake transitional areas are biogeochemically active sections of the aquatic continuum that are often understudied compared to their adjoining environments. Internal nutrient loading from river-to-lake transitional areas may be a considerable source of nutrients to lakes and if overlooked disconnect upstream management initiatives from in-lake improvements. To contextualize internal nutrient loading by river-to-lake sediments, we conducted sediment core incubations and nutrient assays at 3 time points over a field season from a major contributing tributary of Lake Erie. Using statistical and spatial interpolation models, we upscaled internal nitrogen and phosphorus loading rates across the highly impaired mouth of the Maumee River, which drains into the western basin of Lake Erie. We found that internal nutrient dynamics in this river-to-lake transitional area were regulated by spatial differences in the physical composition and nutrient and organic matter contents of sediments. The Maumee river-to-lake transitional area was largely a source of phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen and a sink of nitrate nitrogen through high denitrification rates. Yet, we observed substantial temporal variation whereby internal nutrient loading was greatest in late summer coinciding with near-zero denitrification. Sediments at this time could contribute an additional ~17% more soluble reactive phosphorus and ~3% more total kjeldahl nitrogen in the bioavailable ammonium nitrogen fraction relative to the daily external nutrient load. High internal nutrient loading rates compared to more offshore areas in western Lake Erie suggest that this degraded river-to-lake transitional area has a disproportional biogeochemical significance and a high potential to contribute to nearshore water quality issues.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.34133/olar.0109","usgsCitation":"Pearce, N.J., Larson, J.H., Kreiling, R.M., Evans, M.A., Bailey, S., Gierke, K., Bartsch, L., Xenopoulos, M.A., and Frost, P.C., 2025, River-to-lake transitional areas contribute disproportionately to in-lake nutrient loading: Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research, v. 4, 0109, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0109.","productDescription":"0109, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-150298","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.34133/olar.0109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496079,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","city":"Toledo","otherGeospatial":"Maumee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.38205515826293,\n 41.76996302990986\n ],\n [\n -83.84330521317538,\n 41.76996302990986\n ],\n [\n -83.84330521317538,\n 41.398023594519884\n ],\n [\n -83.38205515826293,\n 41.398023594519884\n ],\n [\n -83.38205515826293,\n 41.76996302990986\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearce, Nolan J.T. 0000-0001-6600-5275","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-5275","contributorId":268195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearce","given":"Nolan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.T.","affiliations":[{"id":36679,"text":"Trent University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kreiling, Rebecca M. 0000-0002-9295-4156","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9295-4156","contributorId":202193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreiling","given":"Rebecca","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, Mary Anne 0000-0002-1627-7210 maevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1627-7210","contributorId":149358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Mary","email":"maevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bailey, Sean 0000-0003-0361-7914 sbailey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-7914","contributorId":198515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Sean","email":"sbailey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gierke, Kenna J. 0000-0002-8358-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-7825","contributorId":342009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gierke","given":"Kenna J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":949445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bartsch, Lynn 0000-0002-1483-4845","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-4845","contributorId":361779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartsch","given":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":85472,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Xenopoulos, Marguerite A. 0000-0003-2307-948X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2307-948X","contributorId":361780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xenopoulos","given":"Marguerite","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36679,"text":"Trent University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Frost, Paul C. 0000-0002-8267-1726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-1726","contributorId":361782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frost","given":"Paul","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36679,"text":"Trent University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70274008,"text":"70274008 - 2025 - Integrated species distribution model using historical data shows decline in a common semi-aquatic mammal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T15:59:43.189031","indexId":"70274008","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T08:54:13","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated species distribution model using historical data shows decline in a common semi-aquatic mammal","docAbstract":"Effective conservation requires an understanding of drivers of a species' distribution as well as long-term changes in their distribution. In recent decades, advances in data collection and analysis have allowed researchers to integrate a wide range of information to model species distributions, particularly by allowing presence-only data and detection-nondetection data to be formally combined in integrated species distribution models (ISDMs). However, these models are rarely used to investigate long-term trends, which are important in evaluating a species' status. Here, we use historical presence-only data of river otters (Lontra canadensis; 366 latrine locations from 1999 to 2007 and 105 locations of road-killed individuals recorded from 1999 to 2020) and 919 detection-nondetection surveys from 230 sites between 2021 and 2023 to understand the current distribution of river otters in Rhode Island, USA, as well as the changes in river otter distribution over the past two decades. We found that river otters were strongly associated with key habitat features such as streams and water, positively associated with urban areas, and tolerant of some contaminants, such as lead. Furthermore, despite uncertainties in historical river otter occurrence, we found clear supporting evidence that river otter intensity of use had declined from 1999 to 2023. This decline occurred despite being protected from harvest and in contrast to range expansions in other parts of the northeastern USA throughout the second half of the 20th century. Our results suggest the utility of this approach to detect declines in species for which historical data are available and a need for better understanding the cause of river otter declines. Where monitoring consists of opportunistically collected data, species conservation could benefit by continuing to collect these data as well as introducing designed surveys, as this would allow better integration of data types, improving trend estimation and reducing the amount of (typically more expensive) designed surveys needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Zoological Society of London","doi":"10.1111/acv.70036","usgsCitation":"Crockett, J.G., Brown, C.B., Gerber, B., 2025, Integrated species distribution model using historical data shows decline in a common semi-aquatic mammal: Animal Conservation, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.70036.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178855","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.70036","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500410,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Blackstone River, Block Island Sound, Narragansett Bay","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-71.383586,41.464782],[-71.389284,41.460605],[-71.390275,41.455043],[-71.399568,41.448596],[-71.40056,41.46094],[-71.395927,41.492215],[-71.386511,41.493071],[-71.378914,41.504948],[-71.391005,41.514578],[-71.392137,41.524468],[-71.384478,41.556736],[-71.379021,41.567772],[-71.373618,41.573214],[-71.370194,41.573963],[-71.36356,41.57086],[-71.359868,41.556308],[-71.363292,41.501952],[-71.360403,41.483121],[-71.380947,41.474561],[-71.383586,41.464782]]],[[[-71.326769,41.491286],[-71.325365,41.487601],[-71.327822,41.482985],[-71.343013,41.495615],[-71.341122,41.498598],[-71.326769,41.491286]]],[[[-71.140588,41.605102],[-71.138599,41.60347],[-71.137492,41.602561],[-71.131618,41.593918],[-71.131312,41.592308],[-71.1224,41.522156],[-71.12057,41.497448],[-71.136867,41.493942],[-71.141093,41.489937],[-71.140224,41.485855],[-71.167345,41.471405],[-71.170131,41.463974],[-71.19302,41.457931],[-71.194967,41.459037],[-71.196857,41.461116],[-71.196607,41.464756],[-71.190016,41.478275],[-71.190167,41.484285],[-71.19939,41.491769],[-71.199692,41.495511],[-71.206382,41.499215],[-71.200788,41.514371],[-71.213563,41.545818],[-71.20865,41.571028],[-71.20778,41.60066],[-71.212656,41.610072],[-71.212417,41.61829],[-71.212004,41.62299],[-71.21616,41.62549],[-71.240709,41.619225],[-71.2436,41.587508],[-71.23613,41.574767],[-71.236642,41.535852],[-71.234775,41.532538],[-71.227989,41.528297],[-71.229444,41.521544],[-71.240614,41.500557],[-71.238586,41.486845],[-71.237175,41.486546],[-71.236751,41.483369],[-71.24071,41.474872],[-71.246703,41.47196],[-71.245992,41.481302],[-71.252692,41.485902],[-71.264793,41.488902],[-71.285639,41.487805],[-71.295111,41.48435],[-71.304394,41.454502],[-71.311394,41.450802],[-71.312694,41.451402],[-71.312718,41.454597],[-71.32141,41.4556],[-71.337695,41.448902],[-71.351096,41.450802],[-71.362743,41.460379],[-71.36152,41.464831],[-71.34707,41.47123],[-71.335992,41.469647],[-71.316519,41.47756],[-71.317414,41.488776],[-71.323125,41.503088],[-71.327804,41.504258],[-71.330694,41.507699],[-71.330831,41.518364],[-71.313079,41.534672],[-71.310533,41.54692],[-71.303652,41.559925],[-71.294363,41.571416],[-71.288376,41.573274],[-71.285142,41.577127],[-71.273445,41.60699],[-71.272412,41.615041],[-71.275234,41.619444],[-71.271862,41.623986],[-71.251082,41.63878],[-71.212136,41.641945],[-71.19564,41.67509],[-71.194384,41.674803],[-71.191178,41.674216],[-71.191175,41.674292],[-71.18129,41.672502],[-71.17599,41.671402],[-71.17609,41.668502],[-71.17609,41.668102],[-71.153989,41.664102],[-71.14587,41.662795],[-71.135188,41.660502],[-71.134688,41.660502],[-71.132888,41.660102],[-71.13267,41.658744],[-71.134478,41.641262],[-71.134484,41.641198],[-71.135688,41.628402],[-71.140468,41.623893],[-71.141509,41.616076],[-71.14091,41.607405],[-71.140588,41.605102]]],[[[-71.3312,41.580318],[-71.335949,41.585898],[-71.337048,41.594688],[-71.333751,41.605859],[-71.329559,41.609097],[-71.326609,41.616114],[-71.325877,41.623988],[-71.333305,41.629536],[-71.34657,41.632229],[-71.362869,41.651457],[-71.366165,41.66098],[-71.348402,41.663727],[-71.338696,41.658782],[-71.336182,41.647961],[-71.337048,41.646146],[-71.342514,41.644791],[-71.343666,41.6399],[-71.330711,41.632992],[-71.314889,41.630398],[-71.30555,41.622523],[-71.303352,41.606591],[-71.307381,41.597984],[-71.317474,41.583187],[-71.326103,41.578583],[-71.3312,41.580318]]],[[[-71.281571,41.648207],[-71.278171,41.647309],[-71.274315,41.638125],[-71.283791,41.637797],[-71.286755,41.642725],[-71.283005,41.644434],[-71.281571,41.648207]]],[[[-71.58955,41.196557],[-71.580228,41.204837],[-71.577301,41.21471],[-71.576661,41.224434],[-71.573785,41.228436],[-71.561093,41.224207],[-71.555006,41.216822],[-71.554067,41.212957],[-71.557459,41.204542],[-71.564119,41.195372],[-71.565752,41.184373],[-71.560969,41.176186],[-71.550226,41.166787],[-71.544446,41.164912],[-71.543872,41.161321],[-71.547051,41.153684],[-71.551953,41.151718],[-71.5937,41.146339],[-71.599993,41.146932],[-71.611706,41.153239],[-71.613133,41.160281],[-71.605565,41.182139],[-71.594994,41.188392],[-71.58955,41.196557]]],[[[-71.797649,41.928556],[-71.797922,41.935395],[-71.799242,42.008065],[-71.76601,42.009745],[-71.576908,42.014098],[-71.559439,42.014342],[-71.527606,42.014998],[-71.527306,42.015098],[-71.500905,42.017098],[-71.499905,42.017198],[-71.498258,42.01722],[-71.458104,42.017762],[-71.381401,42.018798],[-71.381466,41.984998],[-71.381501,41.966699],[-71.381401,41.964799],[-71.3816,41.922899],[-71.3817,41.922699],[-71.3817,41.893199],[-71.3766,41.893999],[-71.373799,41.894399],[-71.370999,41.894599],[-71.365399,41.895299],[-71.364699,41.895399],[-71.362499,41.895599],[-71.354699,41.896499],[-71.352699,41.896699],[-71.338698,41.898399],[-71.339298,41.893599],[-71.339298,41.893399],[-71.340798,41.8816],[-71.333997,41.8623],[-71.342198,41.8448],[-71.341797,41.8437],[-71.335197,41.8355],[-71.337597,41.8337],[-71.339597,41.832],[-71.344897,41.828],[-71.347197,41.8231],[-71.339197,41.809],[-71.338897,41.8083],[-71.339297,41.8065],[-71.339297,41.8044],[-71.340797,41.8002],[-71.340697,41.7983],[-71.339297,41.7963],[-71.335797,41.7948],[-71.333896,41.7945],[-71.332196,41.7923],[-71.329296,41.7868],[-71.329396,41.7826],[-71.327896,41.780501],[-71.317795,41.776101],[-71.31779,41.776099],[-71.261392,41.752301],[-71.225709,41.711603],[-71.224798,41.710498],[-71.227875,41.705498],[-71.240991,41.697744],[-71.237635,41.681635],[-71.24155,41.667205],[-71.25956,41.642595],[-71.267055,41.644945],[-71.270075,41.652439],[-71.26918,41.6549],[-71.280366,41.672575],[-71.287637,41.672463],[-71.290546,41.662395],[-71.299159,41.649531],[-71.301396,41.649978],[-71.303746,41.654788],[-71.306095,41.672575],[-71.302627,41.681747],[-71.298935,41.681524],[-71.293119,41.688347],[-71.291217,41.702666],[-71.305759,41.718662],[-71.31482,41.723808],[-71.342786,41.728506],[-71.350057,41.727835],[-71.353172,41.725191],[-71.353748,41.724702],[-71.365717,41.711615],[-71.365717,41.694947],[-71.372988,41.672575],[-71.37791,41.666646],[-71.382049,41.667317],[-71.38988,41.671903],[-71.390775,41.680629],[-71.389432,41.683425],[-71.390551,41.684096],[-71.418069,41.684208],[-71.441336,41.686446],[-71.443082,41.688303],[-71.441896,41.690025],[-71.445923,41.691144],[-71.449318,41.687401],[-71.444468,41.664409],[-71.430038,41.667541],[-71.425452,41.670785],[-71.409302,41.662643],[-71.408636,41.653819],[-71.40377,41.589321],[-71.447712,41.5804],[-71.442567,41.565075],[-71.421649,41.537892],[-71.417398,41.534536],[-71.414825,41.523126],[-71.414937,41.516303],[-71.421425,41.498629],[-71.419971,41.484758],[-71.417957,41.482073],[-71.417621,41.477934],[-71.418404,41.472652],[-71.421157,41.469888],[-71.422991,41.472682],[-71.430744,41.470636],[-71.430926,41.465655],[-71.427935,41.459529],[-71.428652,41.454158],[-71.433612,41.444995],[-71.43767,41.441302],[-71.441199,41.441602],[-71.448948,41.438479],[-71.455845,41.432986],[-71.455371,41.407962],[-71.474918,41.386104],[-71.483295,41.371722],[-71.513401,41.374702],[-71.526724,41.376636],[-71.555381,41.373316],[-71.624505,41.36087],[-71.68807,41.342823],[-71.701631,41.336968],[-71.72074,41.331567],[-71.773702,41.327977],[-71.785957,41.325739],[-71.833755,41.315631],[-71.857432,41.306318],[-71.862772,41.309791],[-71.862109,41.316612],[-71.860513,41.320248],[-71.839013,41.334042],[-71.829595,41.344544],[-71.835951,41.353935],[-71.837738,41.363529],[-71.831613,41.370899],[-71.833443,41.384524],[-71.842131,41.395359],[-71.843472,41.40583],[-71.842563,41.409855],[-71.839649,41.412119],[-71.81839,41.419599],[-71.797683,41.416709],[-71.789359,41.596852],[-71.789356,41.59691],[-71.787637,41.639917],[-71.786994,41.655992],[-71.789672,41.724569],[-71.789678,41.724734],[-71.791062,41.770273],[-71.792767,41.807001],[-71.792786,41.80867],[-71.794161,41.840141],[-71.794161,41.841101],[-71.797649,41.928556]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Rhode Island\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crockett, John G.","contributorId":366635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crockett","given":"John","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6922,"text":"University of Rhode Island","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Charles B.","contributorId":168888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":25379,"text":"Dept of Biol Sc, Univ of Tulsa, Tulsa OK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerber, Brian Daniel 0000-0001-9285-9784","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-9784","contributorId":354265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerber","given":"Brian Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70271717,"text":"sir20255089 - 2025 - Characterization of suspended sediment flux and streamflow trends in the Fountain Creek watershed, Colorado, 1998 through 2022","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T15:32:37.227386","indexId":"sir20255089","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-22T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5089","displayTitle":"Characterization of Suspended Sediment Flux and Streamflow Trends in the Fountain Creek Watershed, Colorado, 1998 Through 2022","title":"Characterization of suspended sediment flux and streamflow trends in the Fountain Creek watershed, Colorado, 1998 through 2022","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey evaluated long-term suspended sediment flux and streamflow datasets for temporal trends (monotonic and step trends) at 10 streamgage sites within the Fountain Creek watershed in central Colorado using the Mann-Kendall test (monotonic trend) and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (step trend). Data were collected in cooperation with Colorado Springs Stormwater Enterprise. In this study, 10 sites with long-term suspended sediment records were evaluated during their operational periods, which ranged from 1998 through 2022. To assess how stream behavior might relate to shifts in suspended sediment transport, the Richards-Baker flashiness index, a measure of flashiness, was evaluated for each site. The Richards-Baker flashiness index was calculated for the same months as streamflow and suspended sediment (April through September) using all available streamflow data for a given site. Additionally, cumulative double-mass curves were developed to define temporal variation in the relation between streamflow and suspended sediment loads. This was completed by assessing differences in slopes before and after an observed break in the double-mass curve plots.
Five streamgage sites showed statistically significant (p<0.05) negative trends for suspended sediment flux, and nonsignificant decreases were indicated at the other five sites. The statistically significant negative trends are distributed across the watershed and include smaller tributaries and the main stem of Fountain Creek closer to its confluence with the Arkansas River. Such a broad distribution of negative trends is most likely an indication of improved water quality in the watershed with regards to suspended sediment. Assessing causes for the decreases in suspended sediment loads is beyond the scope of this report; however, spatially distributed bank erosion control projects, stormflow retention projects in the watershed, and changes in climate and storm patterns could be some of the potential drivers of the suspended sediment load trends in this watershed. The flashiness of the streamflow was assessed and can be dismissed on the basis of this study as a potential driver of trends in suspended sediment flux because the magnitude of changes was found to be negligible at all sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Colorado Springs Stormwater Enterprise","usgsCitation":"Downhour, M.S., Hennessy, E.K., and Bern, C.R., 2025, Characterization of suspended sediment flux and streamflow trends in the Fountain Creek watershed, Colorado, 1998 through 2022 (ver. 1.1, December 2025): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5089, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255089.","productDescription":"Report: v, 30 p.; Data Release: Database","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-168198","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498354,"rank":9,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255089/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5089"},{"id":498313,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118883.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":498183,"rank":7,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/sir20255089.xml"},{"id":498182,"rank":6,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/images"},{"id":498156,"rank":5,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/versionHist.txt","size":"8.00 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2025-5089 version history"},{"id":495823,"rank":4,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","linkHelpText":"USGS water data for the Nation: U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"},{"id":495822,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P94UW017","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Suspended Sediment Data and Loads in the Fountain Creek Watershed, Colorado (ver 2.0, June 2025)"},{"id":495821,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/sir20255089.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5089"},{"id":495820,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5089/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Fountain Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.5,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -105.5,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -105.5,\n 39.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: September 22, 2025; Version 1.1: December 30, 2025","contact":"Director, Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 415
Denver, CO 80225
Supporting the overarching goal to evaluate critical minerals nationwide, the mine waste characterization effort in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Mapping Resources Initiative has created a series of protocols to standardize sampling carried out under this effort by the participating State geological surveys and their cooperators. The protocols are based on published, reviewed methods that can be deployed in the field. The protocols include (1) collecting and processing composite samples of mine and mill waste, including tailings, waste rock, gangue, heap leach piles, ore stockpiles, slag, or other mineralized and processed materials and (2) collecting and preserving water samples from perpetual or long-term mine water sources. The protocols also specify information to document on field sheets and detail the collection of geospatial data. The analytical methods used by the USGS and USGS contract laboratories are described in this report, including the data delivery pathway for USGS-derived data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255068","programNote":"Mineral Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Campbell, K.M., Seal, R.R., Piatak, N.M., Azain, J.S., Morrison, J.M., White, S.J., Manning, A.H., Walton-Day, K., Holloway, J.M., and Wang, B., 2025, Earth Mapping Resources Initiative protocols—Sampling hard-rock mine waste and perpetual mine water sources: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5068, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255068.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 22 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-171986","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495812,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/sir20255068_Supplemental_AppendixFile.pdf","text":"Example Field Sheets","size":"172 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix for SIR 2025-5068","linkHelpText":"Example Earth MRI Mine Waste Characterization Field Sheets"},{"id":496041,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255068/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5068"},{"id":495811,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/sir20255068.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.76 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5068"},{"id":495810,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":495877,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/images"},{"id":495878,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5068/sir20255068.xml"}],"contact":"Director, Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 973
Denver, CO 80225
Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) are native, anadromous fish species in the Siletz River Basin, western Oregon, that face many threats to their survival in freshwater and the ocean. The Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon seek to mitigate freshwater threats to Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey, where possible, with habitat conservation and restoration efforts. This study was conducted to assist the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon in documenting and understanding the hydrogeomorphic processes shaping present-day habitat conditions and assessing future habitat implications for Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey along the main-stem Siletz River. As such, this study focused on understanding geomorphic processes and patterns of channel change, including lateral and vertical adjustments in channel position and changes in bed-material sediment (sands, gravels, and cobbles that mantle the channel bed), which collectively determine overall patterns of channel morphology and fluvial habitats. Objective One was to evaluate lateral changes in channel position, vertical changes in bed elevation, and longitudinal patterns in bed-material particle size along the Siletz River using detailed channel maps developed from aerial photographs collected from 1939 to 2016, long-term records of stage and discharge collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) near the City of Siletz, and sediment particle size data. Objective Two was to assess hydraulic conditions using one- and two-dimensional hydraulic models and transport capacity of bed-material sediment using bedload transport models and sediment particle size data for a range of discharge conditions. Objective Three was to identify potential burrowing habitat for lamprey larvae (PBH) along the Siletz River network and provide insights in local factors influencing PBH along the main-stem Siletz River. The overall findings are synthesized to describe habitat implications for Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey under present-day and future conditions.
Results of Objective One, an evaluation of changes in channel position and bed elevations and longitudinal patterns in bed-material particle size along the Siletz River, include the following
Results of Objective Two, an evaluation of hydraulic and bedload transport conditions along the Siletz River, include the following
Results of Objective Three, an analysis of PBH for lamprey larvae, include the following
Together, these results suggest that most of the Siletz River between Wildcat Creek and the City of Siletz has had only modest vertical and lateral change between the 1930s and 2010s because of the bedrock in and along the main channel and the river’s relatively high transport capacity relative to bed-material sediment supply. However, localized sections of the Siletz River where the active channel widens, particularly at channel bends, exhibited some change in channel planform and the locations and area of gravel bars. In the future, moderate increases in autumn-winter discharge may not result in substantial changes in coarse gravel bars along the Siletz River but may result in selective transport of finer bed-material sediment (gravel, sands, and silts) that provide spawning habitats for Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey and burrowing habitats for lamprey larvae. Assuming no substantial changes in bed-material sediment supply, increased bedload transport capacity may cause frequent entrainment of lamprey larvae that are burrowed in coarse sand deposits, suspension and downstream transport of salmon eggs incubating in gravels, and reductions in the areas of spawning gravels for Chinook salmon and Pacific lamprey. Exact implications of current and future discharge conditions for these species along the Siletz River depends on many factors, including sediment supply, local hydraulics, and the timing of flood events relative to fish life stages.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255063","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon","usgsCitation":"Jones, K.L., Keith, M.K., Harden, T.M., White, J.S., van de Wetering, S., and Dunham, J.B., 2025, Assessment of\nchannel morphology, hydraulics, and bedload transport along the Siletz River, western Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey\nScientific Investigations Report 2025–5063, 95 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255063.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 95 p.; 5 Data Releases","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-127308","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496021,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_118884.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":495760,"rank":10,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5063/sir20255063.XML"},{"id":495758,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1489NN8","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"One- and two-dimensional hydraulic models for the Siletz River, Oregon"},{"id":495757,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1N35MQN","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water surface elevation data from the Siletz River, 2017–18"},{"id":495751,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5063/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":495752,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5063/sir20255063.pdf","text":"Report","size":"28.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5063"},{"id":495753,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255063/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5063"},{"id":495754,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AWWRA0","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Active channel mapping for the Siletz River, Oregon, 1939 to 2016"},{"id":495755,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96ZXPP","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Surficial and subsurface grain-size data for the Siletz River, Oregon, 2017–18"},{"id":495756,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TIADK3","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Modeled bedload transport capacity for the Siletz River, Oregon"},{"id":495759,"rank":9,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5063/images"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Siletz River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.1,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -124.1,\n 44.333\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 44.333\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -124.1,\n 45\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
601 SW 2nd Avenue, Suite 1950
Portland, OR 97204
Groundwater quality changes in wells and streams lag behind changes to land use due to groundwater travel times. Two contaminant transport methods were compared to assess differences in their simulated travel time distributions (TTDs) to streams and wells in the Wisconsin Central Sands. MODPATH simulates advective groundwater flow with particle tracking, while MT3D simulates age-mass using a finite difference solution without dispersion to allow for direct comparison of the two methods. MODPATH appropriately simulates groundwater TTDs from the water table to surface discharge but is subject to inaccuracies at weak-sink well cells due to the flow-model grid discretization and imprecise location of well discharge within well cells. MT3D better represents weak-sink well cells since it removes mass in proportion to the prescribed pumping rate, although travel time within well cells is neglected. Conversely, MT3D's treatment of surface water boundary cells is not as accurate as MODPATH because mass should be removed from the water table rather than the full cell volume. MT3D simulations of TTDs can also be confounded by the instantaneous vertical distribution of mass introduced throughout recharge cells instead of at the water table, which initiates mass along deeper flow paths. We evaluated 9 MODPATH and 13 MT3D implementations, generating differences in median travel times of up to 18 years. Both methods have strengths and weaknesses, with MT3D better representing weak-sink well cell behavior and MODPATH better representing surficial recharge and discharge. The effect of these characteristics on simulated TTDs, along with ideas for ameliorating method weaknesses, is discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.70024","usgsCitation":"Baker, E.A., Juckem, P., Feinstein, D.T., and Hart, D., 2025, A regional model comparison between MODPATH and MT3D of groundwater travel time distributions: Groundwater, v. 63, no. 6, p. 861-873, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70024.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"861","endPage":"873","ipdsId":"IP-174512","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496428,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.70024","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496413,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Central Sands study area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.76677243303999,\n 44.62588647709572\n ],\n [\n -89.76677243303999,\n 43.759169553502744\n ],\n [\n -88.89566146882221,\n 43.759169553502744\n ],\n [\n -88.89566146882221,\n 44.62588647709572\n ],\n [\n -89.76677243303999,\n 44.62588647709572\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Emily A. 0000-0003-3443-5419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-5419","contributorId":361983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Emily","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":86409,"text":"Hamilton College, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Juckem, Paul 0000-0002-3613-1761 pfjuckem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-1761","contributorId":214445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"Paul","email":"pfjuckem@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feinstein, Daniel T. 0000-0003-1151-2530","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-2530","contributorId":361984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feinstein","given":"Daniel","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":40828,"text":"University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hart, David J. 0000-0001-8027-480X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8027-480X","contributorId":292693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hart","given":"David J.","affiliations":[{"id":39043,"text":"Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70274071,"text":"70274071 - 2025 - Beyond the mangroves: A global synthesis of tidal forested wetland types, drivers and future information opportunities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T15:34:30.951807","indexId":"70274071","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-20T09:23:24","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":27,"text":"Preprint"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":32,"text":"Preprint"},"title":"Beyond the mangroves: A global synthesis of tidal forested wetland types, drivers and future information opportunities","docAbstract":"There is increasing awareness of the global diversity of tidal forested wetlands (TFWs) and their significance in the provision of ecosystem services. These ecosystems, including mangrove forests, tidal freshwater forested wetlands, supratidal forests and transitional forests together span multiple climatic zones, geomorphic settings, and inundation and salinity regimes. We utilise case studies across five continents to demonstrate the state of knowledge among TFWs. Intertidal mangroves are the best-defined of the TFWs thanks to decades of research on their geomorphology, hydrology and ecology across their broad distribution. Non-mangrove forest settings, however, demonstrate more diverse hydrological, biochemical and vegetation conditions. In many cases, non-mangrove forests are situated at upper intertidal or supratidal elevations, where surface waters and groundwater are subject to interactions between tides freshwater inputs. Salinity datasets show variations ranging from tidal freshwater forested wetlands and ‘low-salinity mangroves’ to mesohaline or marine salinities, often with high temporal variability. While the floristic composition of non-mangrove forests vary among biogeographic regions, locally dominant TFW species are commonly distributed beyond the tidal niche into non-tidal wetland and upland forests. This presents challenges for traditional remote sensing approaches to ecosystem mapping, which are mostly lacking for non-mangrove forests. Geomorphic approaches and developments in machine learning offer opportunities to address this.
","language":"English","publisher":"Earth ArXiv","doi":"10.31223/X5ZF2B","usgsCitation":"Kelleway, J.J., Noe, G.E., Krauss, K., Brophy, L., Conner, W.H., Duberstein, J.A., Friess, D.A., Gedan, K., White, E., Adame, M.F., Adams, J.B., Carvalho, R.C., Freddie, A., Ikenna, I.N., Ocasio, E.R., Owers, C.J., Sasmito, S., Swales, A., Stewart-Sinclair, P., Ward, R.D., Zabarte-Maeztu, I., 2025, Beyond the mangroves: A global synthesis of tidal forested wetland types, drivers and future information opportunities, preprint posted September 20, 2025, https://doi.org/10.31223/X5ZF2B.","productDescription":"85 p.","ipdsId":"IP-185904","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500404,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelleway, J. J.","contributorId":366945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelleway","given":"J.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37474,"text":"University of Wollongong","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, Ken 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":210857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brophy, L.S.","contributorId":366946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brophy","given":"L.S.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conner, W. H.","contributorId":366947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"W.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Duberstein, J. A.","contributorId":366948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duberstein","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Friess, D. A.","contributorId":366949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friess","given":"D.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gedan, K.","contributorId":366950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gedan","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":34680,"text":"George Washington University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"White, E. Jr.","contributorId":366951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Adame, M. F.","contributorId":366952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adame","given":"M.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":7117,"text":"Griffith University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Adams, J. B.","contributorId":366953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":68971,"text":"Nelson Mandela University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Carvalho, R. C.","contributorId":366955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carvalho","given":"R.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":87511,"text":"University of Newcastle","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Freddie, A.","contributorId":366956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freddie","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":87512,"text":"University of Papua New Guinea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ikenna, I. N.","contributorId":366958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ikenna","given":"I.","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":87513,"text":"Nnamdi Azikiwe University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Ocasio, E. R.","contributorId":366959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ocasio","given":"E.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":68971,"text":"Nelson Mandela University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Owers, C. J.","contributorId":366960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Owers","given":"C.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":87511,"text":"University of Newcastle","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Sasmito, S.","contributorId":366961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sasmito","given":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":40403,"text":"James Cook University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Swales, A.","contributorId":366962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swales","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":40175,"text":"National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Stewart-Sinclair, P.","contributorId":366963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart-Sinclair","given":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":40175,"text":"National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Ward, R. D.","contributorId":366964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"R.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":35299,"text":"Queen Mary University of London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Zabarte-Maeztu, I.","contributorId":366965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zabarte-Maeztu","given":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":87514,"text":"National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21}]}} ]}