Fault-slip data were collected from an area of relatively young faulting in a seismically active part of the Nevada Test Site 12 km NW of Mercury, Nevada. The data come primarily from intensely faulted Miocene tuffaceous sedimentary rocks in Hampel Wash, which is bounded on the north by the Quaternary ENE trending Rock Valley fault and on the south by a parallel unnamed fault. Data from faults with known sense of displacement exhibit a bimodal distribution of slip angles (rakes). Faults exhibiting steep rakes (typically 75° to 90°) cluster about a N30°–35°E strike; most dip 65° to 80°. Faults having shallow rakes (generally less than 20°) exhibit a wide range of strikes (from N6°W to N80°E) and mostly dip between 80° and 90°. The predominant N30°–35°E strike of the steep-rake faults and the quasi-conjugate nature of a consistent subset of the shallowrake faults suggest a maximum horizontal stress orientation of about N30°–35°E and a least horizontal principal stress direction of N55°–60°W. Analysis of the data using a least squares iterative inversion to determine a mean deviatoric principal stress tensor indicates a normal-faulting stress regime (S1 vertical) with principal stress axes in approximately horizontal and vertical directions (S1, trend = N 19°E and plunge = 82°N; S2, N30°E and 8°S; and S3, N60°W and 2°E). The maximum horizontal stress, S2, was found to be nearly intermediate in magnitude between S1 and S3. The N60°W least horizontal principal stress orientation obtained from the fault-slip inversion agrees with our geometric analysis of the data and is consistent with a modern least horizontal principal stress orientation of N50°–70°W inferred from earthquake focal mechanisms, well bore breakouts, and hydraulic fracturing measurements in the vicinity of the Nevada Test Site. This solution fits all the data well, except for a subset of strike-slip faults that strike N30°–45°E, subparallel to the normal faults of the data set. Nearly pure dip-slip and pure strike-slip movement on similarly oriented faults, however, cannot be accommodated in a single stress regime. Superposed sets of striae observed on some faults suggest temporal rotations of the regional stress field or local rotations within the region of the fault zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TC006i002p00089","issn":"02787407","usgsCitation":"Frizzell, V.A., and Zoback, M., 1987, Stress orientation determined from fault slip data in Hampel Wash area, Nevada, and its relation to contemporary regional stress field: Tectonics, v. 6, no. 2, p. 89-98, https://doi.org/10.1029/TC006i002p00089.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"98","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225275,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Hampel Wash area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.41380395515019,\n 37.34547735717791\n ],\n [\n -116.41380395515019,\n 35.934968337002616\n ],\n [\n -114.73066822180856,\n 35.934968337002616\n ],\n [\n -114.73066822180856,\n 37.34547735717791\n ],\n [\n -116.41380395515019,\n 37.34547735717791\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b60e4b08c986b31ce34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frizzell, V. A. Jr.","contributorId":39376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frizzell","given":"V.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zoback, M.L.","contributorId":12982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221174,"text":"5221174 - 1987 - The use of analysis of variance procedures in biological studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:47","indexId":"5221174","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:03","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":848,"text":"Applied Stochastic Models and Data Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of analysis of variance procedures in biological studies","docAbstract":"The analysis of variance (ANOVA) is widely used in biological studies, yet there remains considerable confusion among researchers about the interpretation of hypotheses being tested. Ambiguities arise when statistical designs are unbalanced, and in particular when not all combinations of design factors are represented in the data. This paper clarifies the relationship among hypothesis testing, statistical modelling and computing procedures in ANOVA for unbalanced data. A simple two-factor fixed effects design is used to illustrate three common parametrizations for ANOVA models, and some associations among these parametrizations are developed. Biologically meaningful hypotheses for main effects and interactions are given in terms of each parametrization, and procedures for testing the hypotheses are described. The standard statistical computing procedures in ANOVA are given along with their corresponding hypotheses. Throughout the development unbalanced designs are assumed and attention is given to problems that arise with missing cells.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Stochastic Models and Data Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/asm.3150030403","usgsCitation":"Williams, B.K., 1987, The use of analysis of variance procedures in biological studies: Applied Stochastic Models and Data Analysis, v. 3, no. 4, p. 207-226, https://doi.org/10.1002/asm.3150030403.","productDescription":"207-226","startPage":"207","endPage":"226","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17817,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asm.3150030403","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db634a14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, B. Kenneth","contributorId":107798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221526,"text":"5221526 - 1987 - Case histories of bald eagles and other raptors killed by organophosphorus insecticides topically applied to livestock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-16T00:04:15.170321","indexId":"5221526","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:02","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Case histories of bald eagles and other raptors killed by organophosphorus insecticides topically applied to livestock","docAbstract":"Since 1982 when secondary poisoning of a red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) was documented following the recommended use of famphur applied topically to cattle, the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center has tested dead birds of prey for poisoning by famphur and other pouron organophosphorus (OP) insecticides. Brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity was first determined, then if ChE was depressed ≥50%, stomach and/or crop contents were evaluated for anti-ChE compounds. This report presents the circumstances surrounding the OP-caused deaths of eight bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), two red-tailed hawks, and one great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) between March 1984 and March 1985. OP poisoning of raptors by pour-on insecticides in the United States is widespread, but its magnitude is unknown.
1. A variety of biochemical measurements were taken periodically in captive northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus L.), European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris L.), red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus L.) and common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula L.) to determine whether baseline values remain sufficiently stable throughout the year for general clinical use in the absence of concurrent control specimens.
2. Variables included whole blood hemotacrit and hemoglobin, plasma lactate dehydrogenase, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alinine aminotransferase, creatine kinase, butyrylcholinesterase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, albumin, total protein, creatinine, urea nitrogen, uric acid, cholesterol, and triglycerides, and brain acetylcholinesterase. Butyrl- and acetylcholinesterase were included because of their specific uses in toxicology.
3. Significant seasonal differences were detected for each of the variables except brain acetylcholinesterase in at least one of the species. Significant species differences were detected during at least one season for all of the variables measured.
4. All species were maintained outdoors, but only northern bobwhites came into reproductive condition and showed sex-differences in the clinical variables during their normal breeding season.
5. It was concluded that reference values for the 18 clinical variables measured could be calculated from our data for adult specimens of the species studied, and that results for one species cannot be extrapolated with certainty to any other species.
6. Estimated normal bounds for each of the 18 variables measured by commonly used clinical procedures are presented for reproductively quiescent northern bobwhites, European starlings, red-winged blackbirds, and common grackles.
Brushland wildlife within the Lower Rio Grande Valley of south Texas were studied following applications of eleven insecticides to nearby sugarcane or cotton fields. During the study no wildlife were found dead. Mean brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of great-tailed grackles (Quiscalus mexicanus) and mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) was significantly lower than controls following application of some organophosphorous insecticides. Brain AChE activity varied significantly among chemicals, days after exposure and application rates. Mean brain AChE activity of white-winged doves (Zenaida asiatica) and three small mammal species was not significantly different than their respective controls following application of insecticides. Mean brain AChE activity of grackles was inhibited significantly more than white-winged doves after application of Bolstar®, EPN-methyl parathion, and Azodrin® and significantly more than that of mourning doves after applications of Bolstar® and EPN-methyl parathion. Our data indicate that there were no adverse effects on most brushland wildlife. Exposure was probably dependent upon use of the agricultural fields as feeding or resting sites and only grackles and mourning doves were regularly present in the fields.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0269-7491(87)90058-3","usgsCitation":"Custer, T., and Mitchell, C.A., 1987, Exposure to insecticides of brushland wildlife within the Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, USA: Environmental Pollution, v. 45, no. 3, p. 207-220, https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(87)90058-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"220","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.30887094727166,\n 26.302403479007154\n ],\n [\n -98.30887094727166,\n 26.01547834541988\n ],\n [\n -97.79086398308779,\n 26.01547834541988\n ],\n [\n -97.79086398308779,\n 26.302403479007154\n ],\n [\n -98.30887094727166,\n 26.302403479007154\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49bee4b07f02db5d12a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, C. A.","contributorId":54543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220613,"text":"5220613 - 1987 - Analysis of survival data from telemetry projects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:34","indexId":"5220613","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:02","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of survival data from telemetry projects","docAbstract":"Telemetry is an increasingly popular method for studying animal movements and habitat use. Telemetry provides a means for studying survival and causes of mortality. This paper describes some statistical techniques which can provide valid estimates of survival rates based on data from telemetry studies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Bunck, C., 1987, Analysis of survival data from telemetry projects: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 21, no. 4, p. 132-134.","productDescription":"132-134","startPage":"132","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17763,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/jrr/v021n04/p00132-p00134.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680151","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014860,"text":"70014860 - 1987 - Coincident seismic reflection/refraction studies of the continental lithosphere: A global review.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-21T16:50:16.530729","indexId":"70014860","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coincident seismic reflection/refraction studies of the continental lithosphere: A global review.","docAbstract":"Nearly 50 coincident seismic reflection/refraction studies to depths of at least the Moho provide an improved understanding of the continental lithosphere. Some conclusions include the following: (1) A transparent upper crust, a common observation on vertical reflection profiles, cannot generally be correlated with velocity gradients or low-velocity zones. Rather, a commonly transparent upper crust may be explained by short-wavelength, steeply dipping features in the brittle upper crust and to a lesser degree by signal contamination from source-generated noise. (2) The reflective lower crust in extensional terranes appears to be characterized by a high average seismic velocity (6.6–7.3 km/s) and to consist of laminated high- and low-velocity layers with typical thicknesses of 100–200 m. (3) Landward dipping reflectors observed in the middle to lower crusts of convergent zones have been identified as paired high- and low-velocity slabs which represent oceanic crust and mantle accreted via underplating to the continental margin. (4) The crust-mantle boundary may differ sufficiently when imaged with vertical incidence and wide-angle data to justify the retention, for the present, of the concept of separate reflection and refraction Mohos. While there is good evidence that these features are coincident within measurement uncertainties in most regions, recently recorded data from the Basin and Range admit the possibility for noncoincidence in that area. (5) Upper mantle reflections which cannot be migrated into the lower crust remain rare, despite isolated unequivocal examples. Thus the upper mantle appears to be relatively homogeneous at seismic reflection wavelengths and to lack the laminations inferred for the lower crust. The wide-angle method will likely provide the most reliable information on the velocity structure and physical state of this portion of the lithosphere for some years to come. (6) There appear to be clear and consistent basic differences between convergent and extensional terranes which have been identified from coincident experiments; these differences may be sufficiently universal to infer the tectonic history of poorly exposed terranes. (7) No truly three-dimensional coincident experiment (i.e., including three-dimensional migration) has been conducted, but some three-dimensional data have been collected using both methods. Measurements of attenuation, Poisson's ratio, and anisotropy within the crust using coincident data sets remain frontiers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/RG025i004p00723","issn":"87551209","usgsCitation":"Mooney, W.D., and Brocher, T., 1987, Coincident seismic reflection/refraction studies of the continental lithosphere: A global review.: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 25, no. 4, p. 723-742, https://doi.org/10.1029/RG025i004p00723.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"723","endPage":"742","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225736,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7a4e4b0c8380cd4cc1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mooney, W. D.","contributorId":72376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230162,"text":"5230162 - 1987 - Population ecology of the mallard VIII: Winter distribution patterns and survival rates of winter-banded mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T14:58:30","indexId":"5230162","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"162","title":"Population ecology of the mallard VIII: Winter distribution patterns and survival rates of winter-banded mallards","docAbstract":"In the present report we address questions about winter distribution patterns and survival rates of North American mallards Anas platyrhynchos. Inferences are based on analyses of banding and recovery data from both winter and preseason banding period. The primary wintering range of the mallard was dividded into 45 minor reference areas and 15 major reference areas which were used to summarize winter banding data. Descriptive tables and figures on the recovery distributions of winter-banded mallards are presented.
\nUsing winter recoveries of preseason-banded mallards, we found apparent differences between recovery distribution of young versus adult birds from the same breeding ground reference areas. However, we found no sex-specific differences in winter recovery distribution patterns. Winter recovery distributions of preseason-banded birds also provided evidence that mallards exhibited some degree of year-to-year variation in wintering ground location. The age- and sex-specificity of such variation was tested using winter recoveries of winter-banded birds, and results indicated that subadult (first year) birds were less likely to return to the same wintering grounds the following year than adults. Winter recovery distributions of preseason-banded mallards during 1950-58 differed from distributions in 1966-76. These differences could have resulted from either true distributional shifts or geographic changes in hunting pressure.
\nSurvival and recovery rates were estimated from winter banding data. We found no evidence of differences in survival or recovery rates between subadult and adult mallards. Thus, the substantial difference between survival rates of preseason-banded young and adult mallards must result almost entirely from higher mortality of young birds during the approximate period, August-January. Male mallards showed higher survival than females, corroborating inferences based on preseason data. Tests with winter banding and band recovery data indicated some degree of year-to-year variation in both survival and recovery rates, a result again consistent with inference from preseason data. Some evidence indication geographic variation in survival rates; however, there were no consistent directional differences between survival rates of mallards from adjacent northern versus southern areas, or eastern versus western areas. In some comparisons, Central Flyway mallards exhibited slightly higher survival rates than mallards from other flyways.
\nWeighted mean estimates of continental survival rates were computed for the period 1960-77 from both winter banding data and preseason banding of adults. Resulting estimates differed significantly for males, but not for females, and the magnitude of the difference between point estimates was relatively small, even for males. The direction of the difference between these estimates was predicted correctly from previous work on the effects of heterogeneous survival an d recovery rates on band recovery model estimates. The similarity of survival estimates from these two independent data sets supports the believe that biases in these estimates are relatively small.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., and Hines, J., 1987, Population ecology of the mallard VIII: Winter distribution patterns and survival rates of winter-banded mallards: Resource Publication 162, ii, 154 p.","productDescription":"ii, 154 p.","numberOfPages":"161","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290098,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/5230162/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db68433e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5210388,"text":"5210388 - 1987 - Relationships between nesting populations of wading birds and habitat features along the Atlantic Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210388","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Relationships between nesting populations of wading birds and habitat features along the Atlantic Coast","docAbstract":"Using previously published atlas data for 122 mixed-species wading bird colonies on islands along the Atlantic coast (Maine to Florida, 1976-77), we examined relationships between population sizes of 11 species of egrets, herons, ibises, and wood storks (Mycteria americana) and nine habitat variables. On nautical charts, we measured four island characteristics (area, length, width, shape), three isolation factors (distances to nearest island, mainland, and a water barrier),, and two variables related to potential feeding habitat within 5 km of the center of the colony (wetland area and land-water interface, i.e., the linear distance between the marsh/upland and all water bodies within the same 5-km radius). One univariable and five multivariable .procedures were used to determine which habitat features were best related to population size .(all species combined). Multicollinearity problems among the variables limited interpretation for most procedures. Both univariable and the multivariable procedures indicated that land-water interface was the most important of the nine variables, but for all models, less than 10% of the total variance was explained (rz is less than 0.10). The size of the colony was not related to the amount of wetland area (within 5-km).per se. Colony data showed better 'structure' when examined on the basis of geographic and disturbance gradients. Population sizes of colonies near man-altered habitats were compared with those surrounded by relatively natural habitats in three geographic zones: north, middle, and south. Significant differences were found in colony size among the three zones (south largest) and between disturbance types. Surprisingly, in all three zones, colonies near man-altered areas were larger on average than those near more natural habitats in this region. A possible reason for this difference is suggested.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterfowl and Wetlands Symposium: Proceedings of a Symposium on Waterfowl and Wetlands Management in the Coastal Zone of the Atlantic Flyway","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Delaware Coastal Management Program, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environment Control","publisherLocation":"Dover, Delaware","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., Spendelow, J., Geissler, P., and Williams, B.K., 1987, Relationships between nesting populations of wading birds and habitat features along the Atlantic Coast, chap. of Waterfowl and Wetlands Symposium: Proceedings of a Symposium on Waterfowl and Wetlands Management in the Coastal Zone of the Atlantic Flyway, p. 56-67.","productDescription":"v, 522","startPage":"56","endPage":"67","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c097","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Whitman, William R.","contributorId":111631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506387,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meredith, William H.","contributorId":112289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meredith","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506388,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spendelow, J. A. 0000-0001-8167-0898","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":72478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geissler, P.H.","contributorId":24038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, B. Kenneth","contributorId":107798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5210383,"text":"5210383 - 1987 - Distribution and effects of acidic deposition on wildlife and ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5210383","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Distribution and effects of acidic deposition on wildlife and ecosystems","docAbstract":"Acidic deposition occurs over most of the United States and the deposition patterns and theoretical vulnerabilities of aquatic ecosystems to chemical changes can be delineated, but few data exist on concomitant biological effects. Hypothetical direct effects are limited primarily to toxicity of various heavy metals mobilized at reduced pH. Results of studies in Scandinavia suggest that aluminum interferes with avian reproduction near acidified lakes. Some amphibian populations located on acid-vulnerable substrates may be adversely affected by reduced pH in the vernal pools used for egg laying and larval growth. Indirect effects on populations are difficult to detect because few historical data exist for wildlife populations and trophic relationships in vulnerable areas. Current research in the U.S.A. focuses on measuring habitat characteristics, food availability, and avian use of vulnerable wetland habitats. Results of Scandinavian studies suggest that some species of waterfowl may prefer acidified, I fish-free habitats because invertebrates essential for meeting nutritional requirements are more easily obtained in the absence of competition from fish. However, avian species dependent on fish would be absent from these habitats. Alteration of either the vegetative structure or primary productivity of wetlands might indirectly affect avian populations by causing decreased invertebrate productivity and consequent food limitations for birds.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Collected Reports from the Czechoslovak-American Symposium on Toxic Effects of Chemical Environmental Contaminants upon Production and Reproduction Ability in Free-Living Animals (held October 3-4, 1983). ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Veterinary Medicine","publisherLocation":"Ko?ice, Czechoslovakia","collaboration":"Actually published in 1987. Only meeting year given on publication.","usgsCitation":"Stromborg, K., and Longcore, J.R., 1987, Distribution and effects of acidic deposition on wildlife and ecosystems, chap. of Collected Reports from the Czechoslovak-American Symposium on Toxic Effects of Chemical Environmental Contaminants upon Production and Reproduction Ability in Free-Living Animals (held October 3-4, 1983). , p. 221-232.","productDescription":"273","startPage":"221","endPage":"232","numberOfPages":"273","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649f5f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kaemar, Peter","contributorId":113783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaemar","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506384,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Legath, J.","contributorId":112511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legath","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506383,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Stromborg, K. L.","contributorId":34466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromborg","given":"K. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015249,"text":"70015249 - 1987 - The phytoplankton component of seston in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-21T16:11:32.512977","indexId":"70015249","displayToPublicDate":"2003-05-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2853,"text":"Netherlands Journal of Sea Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The phytoplankton component of seston in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Phytoplankton biomass (as carbon) was estimated from chlorophyll a concentrations (Chla) and a mean value for the ratio of phytoplankton carbon to chlorophyll a in San Francisco Bay. The ratio was determined as the slope of a Model II regression of POC' against (Chla), where POC' is total particulate organic carbon minus sediment-associated non-phytoplankton carbon. Samples from 30 fixed sites in the channel and lateral shoals of San Francisco Bay were collected once or twice a month from April to November 1980, and at irregular intervals in South Bay during 1984 and 1985. For all data the calculated mean value of phytoplankton C:Chla was 51 (95% confidence interval = 47–54). No significant differences were found in the C:Chla ratio between shallow and deep sites (where light availability differs) or between northern and southern San Francisco Bay (where phytoplankton community composition differs). Using the mean C:Chla ratio of 51, we calculated that phytoplankton biomass constitutes about one third of seston carbon under most circumstances, but this fraction ranges from about 95% during phytoplankton blooms to less than 20% during spring periods of low phytoplankton biomass and high suspended sediment concentration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0077-7579(87)90020-2","issn":"00777579","usgsCitation":"Wienke, S., and Cloern, J., 1987, The phytoplankton component of seston in San Francisco Bay: Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, v. 21, no. 1, p. 25-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(87)90020-2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223591,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.75688629121268,\n 38.13697712688091\n ],\n [\n -122.75688629121268,\n 37.41058731586716\n ],\n [\n -121.70443147007661,\n 37.41058731586716\n ],\n [\n -121.70443147007661,\n 38.13697712688091\n ],\n [\n -122.75688629121268,\n 38.13697712688091\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae99e4b08c986b3241e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wienke, S.M.","contributorId":89902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wienke","given":"S.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloern, J. E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015252,"text":"70015252 - 1987 - The local effects of groundwater pumpage within a fault-influenced groundwater basin, Ash Meadows, Nye County, Nevada, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T15:24:04.502044","indexId":"70015252","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The local effects of groundwater pumpage within a fault-influenced groundwater basin, Ash Meadows, Nye County, Nevada, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Large-scale groundwater pumpage and water-level decline data are used in a preliminary attempt to identify the hydraulic connection between several wells and Devils Hole, a small pond in Nye County, Nevada, U.S.A. Results indicate that despite the discontinuous nature of the local aquifers, many wells have good hydraulic connection with Devils Hole. Hydraulic connection between the wells and Devils Hole exhibits a complex spatial variability typical of carbonate terrane. Zones or directions of minimal hydraulic connection may result from fault-controlled structural discontinuities. Zones or directions of enhanced hydraulic connection point to the presence of large-scale groundwater flow through fractures or conduits. The orientation of waterbearing fractures or conduits inferred from this study is qualitatively consistent with the major orientation of local and regional structural features.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(87)90209-5","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Rojstaczer, S., 1987, The local effects of groundwater pumpage within a fault-influenced groundwater basin, Ash Meadows, Nye County, Nevada, U.S.A.: Journal of Hydrology, v. 91, no. 3-4, p. 319-337, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(87)90209-5.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"337","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223646,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-115.9082,39.1615],[-115.5191,38.9578],[-115.4725,38.9325],[-115.4433,38.9162],[-115.3694,38.8769],[-115.363,38.874],[-115.242,38.8093],[-115.0969,38.7309],[-115.0777,38.721],[-115.0604,38.7107],[-115.0291,38.6937],[-114.999,38.6777],[-114.9996,38.592],[-114.9997,38.4315],[-114.9994,38.3894],[-115.0004,38.0507],[-115.1185,38.0508],[-115.1436,38.0508],[-115.326,38.0515],[-115.3453,38.0514],[-115.4003,38.051],[-115.4587,38.0506],[-115.6394,38.0512],[-115.6581,38.051],[-115.8404,38.0504],[-115.8931,38.0507],[-115.8938,37.723],[-115.8969,37.5498],[-115.8975,37.2796],[-115.8982,37.1926],[-115.8942,36.8425],[-115.8941,36.686],[-115.8945,36.6702],[-115.8949,36.598],[-115.8949,36.5962],[-115.8946,36.5858],[-115.8947,36.5005],[-115.8945,36.4806],[-115.8949,36.462],[-115.8944,36.457],[-115.8948,36.3087],[-115.8945,36.2923],[-115.8943,36.1957],[-115.8945,36.1608],[-115.8948,36.1163],[-115.8948,36.0927],[-115.895,36.0015],[-115.9178,36.0192],[-115.9518,36.0457],[-115.9925,36.0773],[-116.049,36.1211],[-116.0624,36.1314],[-116.1039,36.1636],[-116.1287,36.1829],[-116.1702,36.2152],[-116.173,36.2174],[-116.2311,36.2626],[-116.2834,36.3028],[-116.2954,36.3122],[-116.3752,36.373],[-116.5107,36.4764],[-116.5247,36.4871],[-116.5589,36.5131],[-116.574,36.5245],[-116.5946,36.54],[-116.6556,36.5867],[-116.6583,36.5888],[-116.6764,36.6024],[-116.706,36.6248],[-116.7895,36.6877],[-116.8424,36.7276],[-116.8453,36.7298],[-116.8806,36.7568],[-116.8912,36.7648],[-116.9237,36.7891],[-116.9641,36.8193],[-116.9783,36.8299],[-116.981,36.8319],[-117.0046,36.8495],[-117.164,36.9688],[-117.1639,36.9698],[-117.1637,37.0182],[-117.164,37.0894],[-117.1642,37.171],[-117.1641,37.1909],[-117.1641,37.1936],[-117.1665,37.6995],[-117.1664,37.714],[-117.1663,37.7285],[-117.1663,37.7435],[-117.1662,37.7585],[-117.1657,38.0019],[-117.2198,38.0482],[-117.2397,38.0483],[-117.239,38.0641],[-117.2408,38.0705],[-117.2653,38.0932],[-117.6896,38.4731],[-118.0197,38.7599],[-118.197,38.9154],[-118.1972,38.9993],[-117.8559,39.0746],[-117.7748,39.092],[-117.7008,39.1058],[-117.6409,39.1149],[-117.5946,39.1231],[-117.4742,39.1431],[-117.3823,39.1562],[-117.3609,39.1585],[-117.3318,39.1629],[-117.3063,39.1634],[-117.2849,39.1633],[-117.1995,39.1632],[-117.0856,39.1628],[-117.0322,39.1626],[-117.0144,39.1626],[-116.9871,39.1625],[-116.9158,39.1631],[-116.7562,39.1622],[-116.7301,39.1625],[-116.5996,39.1616],[-116.5859,39.162],[-116.4815,39.1616],[-116.3497,39.1618],[-116.2358,39.1616],[-116.0548,39.1624],[-115.9082,39.1615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nye\",\"state\":\"NV\"}}]}","volume":"91","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad98e4b08c986b323d02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rojstaczer, S.","contributorId":92709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rojstaczer","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014835,"text":"70014835 - 1987 - Quantifying peak discharges for historical floods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T16:33:24.845441","indexId":"70014835","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying peak discharges for historical floods","docAbstract":"It is usually advantageous to use information regarding historical floods, if available, to define the flood-frequency relation for a stream. Peak stages can sometimes be determined for outstanding floods that occurred many years ago before systematic gaging of streams began. In the United States, this information is usually not available for more than 100-200 years, but in countries with long cultural histories, such as China, historical flood data are available at some sites as far back as 2,000 years or more. It is important in flood studies to be able to assign a maximum discharge rate and an associated error range to the historical flood.
This paper describes the significant characteristics and uncertainties of four commonly used methods for estimating the peak discharge of a flood. These methods are: (1) rating curve (stage-discharge relation) extension; (2) slope conveyance; (3) slope area; and (4) step backwater. Logarithmic extensions of rating curves are based on theoretical plotting techniques that results in straight line extensions provided that channel shape and roughness do not change significantly. The slope-conveyance and slope-area methods are based on the Manning equation, which requires specific data on channel size, shape and roughness, as well as the water-surface slope for one or more cross-sections in a relatively straight reach of channel. The slope-conveyance method is used primarily for shaping and extending rating curves, whereas the slope-area method is used for specific floods. The step-backwater method, also based on the Manning equation, requires more cross-section data than the slope-area ethod, but has a water-surface profile convergence characteristic that negates the need for known or estimated water-surface slope.
Uncertainties in calculating peak discharge for historical floods may be quite large. Various investigations have shown that errors in calculating peak discharges by the slope-area method under ideal conditions for recent floods (i.e., when flood elevations, slope and channel characteristics are reasonably certain), may be on the order of 10-25%. Under less than ideal conditions, where streams are hydraulically steep and rough, errors may be much larger. The additional uncertainties for historical floods created by the passage of time may result in even larger errors of peak discharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(87)90141-7","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Cook, J., 1987, Quantifying peak discharges for historical floods: Journal of Hydrology, v. 96, no. 1-4, p. 29-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(87)90141-7.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"40","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225470,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91d4e4b0c8380cd804af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cook, J.L.","contributorId":48323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014784,"text":"70014784 - 1987 - Use of historical information in a maximum-likelihood framework","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T16:10:10.403714","indexId":"70014784","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of historical information in a maximum-likelihood framework","docAbstract":"This paper discusses flood-quantile estimators which can employ historical and paleoflood information, both when the magnitudes of historical flood peaks are known, and when only threshold-exceedance information is available. Maximum likelihood, quasi-maximum likelihood and curve fitting methods for simultaneous estimation of 1, 2 and 3 unknown parameters are examined. The information contained in a 100 yr record of historical observations, during which the flood perception threshold was near the 10 yr flood level (i.e., on average, one flood in ten is above the threshold and hence is recorded), is equivalent to roughly 43, 64 and 78 years of systematic record in terms of the improvement of the precision of 100 yr flood estimators when estimating 1, 2 and 3 parameters, respectively. With the perception threshold at the 100 yr flood level, the historical data was worth 13, 20 and 46 years of systematic data when estimating 1, 2 and 3 parameters, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(87)90154-5","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Cohn, T., and Stedinger, J., 1987, Use of historical information in a maximum-likelihood framework: Journal of Hydrology, v. 96, no. 1-4, p. 215-223, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(87)90154-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"223","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225661,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf24e4b08c986b32999d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohn, T.A.","contributorId":84789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stedinger, J.R.","contributorId":90733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stedinger","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014821,"text":"70014821 - 1987 - Probability plotting position formulas for flood records with historical information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T16:13:51.042111","indexId":"70014821","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probability plotting position formulas for flood records with historical information","docAbstract":"For purposes of evaluating fitted flood frequency distributions or for purposes of estimating distributions directly from plots of flood peaks versus exceedance probabilities (either by subjective or objective techniques), one needs a probability plotting position formula which can be applied to all of the flood data available: both systematic and historic floods. Some of the formulas in use are simply extensions of existing formulas (such as Hazen and Weibull) used on systematic flood records. New plotting position formulas proposed by Hirsch and Stedinger (1986) and in this paper are based on a recognition that the flood data arises from partially censored sampling of the flood record. The theoretical appropriateness, bias in probability and bias in discharge of the various plotting position formulas are considered. The methods are compared in terms of their effects on flood frequency estimation when an objective curve-fitting method of estimation is employed. Consideration is also given to the correct interpretation of the historical record length and the effect of incorrectly assuming that record length equals the time since the first known historical flood. This assumption is employed in many flood frequency studies and may result in a substantial bias in estimated design flood magnitudes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(87)90152-1","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R., 1987, Probability plotting position formulas for flood records with historical information: Journal of Hydrology, v. 96, no. 1-4, p. 185-199, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(87)90152-1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"199","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226250,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8cbae4b0c8380cd7e863","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, R.M.","contributorId":58639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":65991,"text":"i1802B - 1987 - Geologic map of the eastern equatorial region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-10T13:49:56.685669","indexId":"i1802B","displayToPublicDate":"1998-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1802","chapter":"B","title":"Geologic map of the eastern equatorial region of Mars","docAbstract":"The Mariner 9 mission in the early 1970’s provided the first comprehensive view of the geology of Mars (McCauley and others, 1972, Masursky, 1973) and led to the derivation of the first global geologic map (Carr and others, 1973). These preliminary studies were followed by more comprehensive mapping coordinated with the U.S. Geological Survey. Thirty quadrangles at a scale of 1:5,000,000 were produced in this map series, from which Scott and Carr (1978) compiled a single geologic map at a scale of 1:25,000,000. The reliability of these maps, however, is varied because of the uneven quality of the Mariner 9 data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1802B","usgsCitation":"Greeley, R., and Guest, J.E., 1987, Geologic map of the eastern equatorial region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1802, 1 Plate: 52.16 x39.95 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1802B.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 52.16 x39.95 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":115132,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1802b/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":189170,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1802b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"15000000","otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688bc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greeley, Ronald","contributorId":20833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeley","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":273813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guest, J. E.","contributorId":98749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guest","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":273814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":12000,"text":"ofr87575 - 1987 - Data on the distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River and estuary, Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia, 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-21T14:06:02","indexId":"ofr87575","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-575","title":"Data on the distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River and estuary, Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia, 1986","docAbstract":"This report summarizes data on the distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation collected in the tidal Potomac River and Estuary during 1986. Plant species were identified and dry weight determined for selected sites sampled in spring and fall. The percentage of each plant species was determined in areas of high plant density in the fall. Water quality characteristics measured include temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, pH, and transparency as indicated by Secchi depth. Maps were made of the distribution of submersed aquatic vegetation based on transect samples and a complete shoreline survey.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr87575","usgsCitation":"Rybicki, N.B., Anderson, R.T., Shapiro, J., Johnson, K.L., and Schulman, C., 1987, Data on the distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River and estuary, Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia, 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-575, iv, 82 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87575.","productDescription":"iv, 82 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287512,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0575/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"District of Columbia;Maryl;Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.5,38.0 ], [ -77.5,39.0 ], [ -76.5,39.0 ], [ -76.5,38.0 ], [ -77.5,38.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c831","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rybicki, N. B.","contributorId":97504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, R. T.","contributorId":17614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shapiro, J.M.","contributorId":47376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, K. L.","contributorId":75543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schulman, C.L.","contributorId":103285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulman","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":14753,"text":"ofr87571 - 1987 - Regional study of the Castle Hayne Aquifer of eastern North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-15T13:20:46","indexId":"ofr87571","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-571","title":"Regional study of the Castle Hayne Aquifer of eastern North Carolina","docAbstract":"The Castle Hayne aquifer is an eastward sloping and thickening wedge of limestone and sandstone, located in a 12,500 sq mi area in the eastern part of North Carolina. The Castle Hayne aquifer is the major source of freshwater for much of coastal North Carolina where the aquifers underlying the Castle Hayne contain saltwater. A regional study of the Castle Hayne aquifer was conducted to provide definitive information on the declines in water levels and of saltwater intrusion in the area. A series of geohydrologic maps produced from the study, show the altitude of the top of the aquifer, location of saltwater in the aquifer, aquifer thickness, aquifer transmissivity, and confining-unit thickness. The history of groundwater pumpage can be compared with historical water levels in the aquifer. These geohydrologic, pumpage, and water level data can be used to develop estimates of aquifer and confining-unit hydraulic coefficients and to develop a groundwater flow model for the Castle Hayne aquifer. The model will increase the understanding of the groundwater flow system and also can be used to assess various groundwater development scenarios for the entire Castle Hayne aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr87571","usgsCitation":"Lyke, W., and Coble, R.W., 1987, Regional study of the Castle Hayne Aquifer of eastern North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-571, 2 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87571.","productDescription":"2 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":43523,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0571/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0571/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Castle Hayne Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.03564453124999,\n 33.65120829920497\n ],\n [\n -79.03564453124999,\n 36.633162095586556\n ],\n [\n -74.66308593749999,\n 36.633162095586556\n ],\n [\n -74.66308593749999,\n 33.65120829920497\n ],\n [\n -79.03564453124999,\n 33.65120829920497\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c447","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyke, W.L.","contributorId":75551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyke","given":"W.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coble, R. W.","contributorId":49380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coble","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":12046,"text":"ofr87663 - 1987 - Farnella Cruise F7-86-HW, cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust data report for Karin Ridge and Johnston Island, Central Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:39","indexId":"ofr87663","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-663","title":"Farnella Cruise F7-86-HW, cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust data report for Karin Ridge and Johnston Island, Central Pacific","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr87663","usgsCitation":"Hein, J., Schwab, W.C., Foot, D., Masuda, Y., Usui, A., Davis, A.S., Fleishman, C., Barna, D., Pickthorn, L.G., Larson, D., Ruzzi, P., Benninger, L., and Gein, L., 1987, Farnella Cruise F7-86-HW, cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust data report for Karin Ridge and Johnston Island, Central Pacific: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-663, 37 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87663.","productDescription":"37 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145835,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0663/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40056,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0663/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f751a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwab, W. C.","contributorId":78740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foot, D.G.","contributorId":64665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foot","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Masuda, Yoshio","contributorId":16837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masuda","given":"Yoshio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Usui, Akira","contributorId":10046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usui","given":"Akira","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davis, A. S.","contributorId":41424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fleishman, C.L.","contributorId":92270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleishman","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Barna, D.L.","contributorId":35329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barna","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pickthorn, L. G.","contributorId":21557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pickthorn","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Larson, D.A.","contributorId":89903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ruzzi, Peter","contributorId":56654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruzzi","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Benninger, L.M.","contributorId":34930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benninger","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Gein, L.M.","contributorId":17619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gein","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":12054,"text":"ofr8754 - 1987 - Geochemical data for mineralized rocks in the Lake City area, San Juan Volcanic Field, southwest Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:40","indexId":"ofr8754","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-54","title":"Geochemical data for mineralized rocks in the Lake City area, San Juan Volcanic Field, southwest Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8754","usgsCitation":"Sanford, R., Korzeb, S., Seeley, J.L., and Zamudio, J., 1987, Geochemical data for mineralized rocks in the Lake City area, San Juan Volcanic Field, southwest Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-54, iii, 213 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8754.","productDescription":"iii, 213 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0054/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40065,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0054/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40066,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0054/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae411","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, R.F.","contributorId":38562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Korzeb, S.L.","contributorId":49802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korzeb","given":"S.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seeley, J. L.","contributorId":57864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seeley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zamudio, J.A.","contributorId":29436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zamudio","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":14783,"text":"ofr87473 - 1987 - Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin; project description","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:59","indexId":"ofr87473","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-473","title":"Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin; project description","docAbstract":"In 1986, the U.S. Geological Survey began a National Water-Quality Assessment program to (1) provide nationally consistent descriptions of the current status of water quality for a large, diverse, and geographically distributed part of the Nation's surface- and ground-water resources; (2) define, where possible, trends in water quality; and (3) identify and describe the relations of both status and trends in water quality to natural factors and the history of land use and land- and waste-management activities. The program is presently in a pilot phase that will test and modify, as necessary, concepts and approaches in preparation for possible full implementation of the program in the future.\r\nThe upper Illinois River basin is one of four basins selected to test the concepts and approaches of the surface-water-quality element of the national program. The basin drains 10,949 square miles of Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin. Three principal tributaries are the Kankakee and Des Plaines Rivers that join to form the Illinois River and the Fox River. Land use is predominantly agricultural; about 75 percent of the basin is cultivated primarily for production of corn and soybeans. About 13 percent of the basin is urban area, most of which is located in the Chicago metropolitan area. The population of the basin is about 7 million. About 6 million people live in the Des Plaines River basin.\r\n\r\nMany water-quality issues in the upper Illinois River basin are related to sediment, nutrients, potentially toxic inorganic and organic constituents, and to water-management practices. Occurrence of sediment and the chemical constituents in the rivers and lakes within the basin has the potential to adversely affect the water's suitability for aquatic life, recreation, or, through the consumption of fish, human health.\r\n\r\nThe upper Illinois River basin project consists of five major activities. The first activity--analysis of existing information and preparation of a report that describes recent water-quality conditions and trends--is currently underway. The second activity--fixed-station water-quality sampling at eight stations--began in April 1987 and will last at least 3 years. Water-quality data collected at these stations will be used to determine the frequency of occurrence of constituent concentrations, their annual and seasonal loads, and time trends in concentrations for a selected number of constituents. The third activity will be synoptic water-quality studies. Each study will involve sampling many sites at specific flow conditions and for selected water-quality constituents. Information gained from these studies will supplement informa tion gained from fixed-station sampling. A synoptic study of streambed sediments is tentatively planned for the summer of 1987 to describe the occurrence and distribution of trace elements in the basin. The fourth activity will consist of one or more topical subbasin or river-reach studies. The purpose of such studies is to better define certain water-quality conditions in specific areas and gain an understanding of the processes affecting the observed conditions. The fifth activity is the preparation of reports that will describe results from each of the first four activities.\r\n\r\nQuality assurance and coordination are being provided at both the national and pilot-project levels. A technical quality-assurance plan that addresses all aspects of sample collection, analysis, and reporting is being prepared at the national level. This plan will be appended as needed at the pilot-project level. A National Coordinating Work Group that functions under the auspices of the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data and the Advisory Committee on Water Data for Public Use has been established at the national level. A local liaison committee consisting of representatives from Federal, State, and local agencies has been established to enhance communication and to ensure that the scientific information produced by the","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr87473","usgsCitation":"Mades, D., 1987, Surface-water-quality assessment of the upper Illinois River basin in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin; project description: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-473, iv, 35 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87473.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0473/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43552,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0473/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a413","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mades, D. M.","contributorId":40230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mades","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":12058,"text":"ofr8712 - 1987 - Geochemical maps and evaluation of stream-sediment geochemlcal data of the Wiseman 1° x 3° quadrangle, Brooks Range, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-27T21:28:03.742238","indexId":"ofr8712","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-12","title":"Geochemical maps and evaluation of stream-sediment geochemlcal data of the Wiseman 1° x 3° quadrangle, Brooks Range, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8712","usgsCitation":"Cathrall, J.B., Dillon, J.T., Hoffman, J.D., Brosge, W., and Bliss, J.D., 1987, Geochemical maps and evaluation of stream-sediment geochemlcal data of the Wiseman 1° x 3° quadrangle, Brooks Range, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-12, Report: ii, 67 p.; 2 Plates: 53.33 × 39.53 inches and 53.19 × 39.78 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8712.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 67 p.; 2 Plates: 53.33 × 39.53 inches and 53.19 × 39.78 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":40074,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0012/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40073,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0012/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40072,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0012/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0012/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":389852,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19019.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range, Wiseman 1° x 3° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153,\n 67\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 67\n ],\n [\n -150,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 67\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae098","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cathrall, J. B.","contributorId":29400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathrall","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dillon, J. T.","contributorId":72382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoffman, J. D.","contributorId":8419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brosge, W. P.","contributorId":58248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brosge","given":"W. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bliss, J. D.","contributorId":25564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":12062,"text":"ofr87509 - 1987 - Geochemistry and preliminary assessment of resource potential for postorogenic granites of the southwestern Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-22T14:45:20","indexId":"ofr87509","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-509","title":"Geochemistry and preliminary assessment of resource potential for postorogenic granites of the southwestern Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"Geochemical data for samples from 55 postorogenic plutons of the southwestern Arabian Shield show that these granitoids are generally less evolved than similar granitoids of the eastern Arabian Shield. Radioelement contents are low to normal relative to typical granitic rocks and uranium contents are distinctly low relative to rocks of the eastern Arabian Shield. The data indicate low favorability for ore deposits of elements that are typically enriched in granites at the end stages of magmatism such as tin, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, rare-earth elements, and radioactive elements.
\nRegional geochemical patterns are not consistent with the north-south trending microplate boundary that has been proposed by other workers. Correlation coefficients for trace-element data obtained during the current study also argue against sharp compositional breaks in the protolith for the postorogenic granites. Consideration of the data presented here and similar data for granitoids of the eastern Arabian Shield, suggest the existence of a compositionally gradational protolith of continental affinity to the east and oceanic affinity to the west.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr87509","usgsCitation":"Stuckless, J., VanTrump, G., Bush, C.A., Vaughn, R.B., and Bartel, A., 1987, Geochemistry and preliminary assessment of resource potential for postorogenic granites of the southwestern Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-509, i, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87509.","productDescription":"i, 59 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0509/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40078,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0509/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 41.5,\n 18\n ],\n [\n 38.4,\n 22\n ],\n [\n 44,\n 22\n ],\n [\n 44,\n 18\n ],\n [\n 41.5,\n 18\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab6e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuckless, J. S.","contributorId":6060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"VanTrump, George Jr.","contributorId":54193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanTrump","given":"George","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bush, C. A.","contributorId":43344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vaughn, R. B.","contributorId":27043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughn","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bartel, A.J.","contributorId":34508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartel","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":15069,"text":"ofr87441 - 1987 - Principal facts for new and reprocessed gravity data in and around the Westwater Canyon and Black Ridge Canyons areas, Utah and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:03","indexId":"ofr87441","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-441","title":"Principal facts for new and reprocessed gravity data in and around the Westwater Canyon and Black Ridge Canyons areas, Utah and Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr87441","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.L., 1987, Principal facts for new and reprocessed gravity data in and around the Westwater Canyon and Black Ridge Canyons areas, Utah and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-441, ii, 13 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87441.","productDescription":"ii, 13 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147656,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0441/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43982,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0441/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6676e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morin, R. L.","contributorId":95484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}