Hydrologic and climatologic data were collected at 10 small, mined and unmined watersheds in the Tug Fork basin of Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia. These data included continuous records of discharge, precipitation, and air temperature. Daily records of sediment concentrations and sediment discharges were also obtained and periodic observations of water-quality data taken. A compilation of all these data is presented. The observed climatic and hydrologic data from these basins were used to calibrate the U.S. Geological Survey Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System for each watershed. The calibrated models of each basin were then used with a set of nearby, long-term climatic data to simulate a long record of stream-flow. A 68-year record of daily streamflow and 57 years of annual peaks were simulated for each site. These simulated records were analyzed to obtain flood-frequency curves, flow-duration curves, mean-annual discharges, and the 7-day, 10-year low flow for each site. The flow characteristics computed from the simulated records of discharge were analyzed graphically and statistically by regression analysis to investigate the degree of relationship and to define the relationship between mining and runoff. For this sample of small basins, peak flows, discharges for 10- and 50-percent flow durations, and mean-annual flows are directly related to percent of drainage area disturbed (measured from aerial photos) and drainage area. Percent of drainage area disturbed is generally a more statistically significant estimator of discharge than drainage area, particularly for peak flows of higher recurrence intervals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844151","usgsCitation":"Scott, A.G., 1984, Analysis of characteristics of simulated flows from small surface-mined and undisturbed Appalachian watersheds in the Tug Fork basin of Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4151, v, 169 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844151.","productDescription":"v, 169 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411369,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36024.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58450,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4151/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123615,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4151/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Tug Fork basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.3,\n 38.144\n ],\n [\n -82.667,\n 38.144\n ],\n [\n -82.667,\n 37.115\n ],\n [\n -81.3,\n 37.115\n ],\n [\n -81.3,\n 38.144\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db680c60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, A. G.","contributorId":36552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29388,"text":"wri844182 - 1984 - Synthesized flood frequency for small urban streams in Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri844182","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4182","title":"Synthesized flood frequency for small urban streams in Tennessee","docAbstract":"Bridge, culvert, and highway design often require knowledge of the magnitude and frequency of flood discharge from small streams where the drainage basin is urbanized. The results of a 6-year study by the U.S. Geological Survey provide methods for estimating flood magnitudes for selected frequencies on small streams draining urban areas in Tennessee. A total of 22 rainfall-runoff sites located in basins with drainage areas of 0.21 to 24.3 square miles in size and in municipalities with populations between 5,000 and 100,000 were used to derive regionalized flood-frequency equations. Impervious area, measured from recent aerial photographs, ranged between 4.7 percent and 74.0 percent of the basin. The equations were derived by multiple regression analyses of snythetic flood-frequency estimates, derived from a rainfall-runoff modeling procedure, versus physical basin characteristics and a precipitation factor. These equations can be used to estimate the magnitude of future floods with recurrence intervals of 2 to 100 years on ungaged urbanized streams in Tennessee. One equation for each recurrence interval applies statewide. Flood-frequency estimates for stations used in the analyses and example computations demonstrating applications of the regression equations to urban streams in Tennessee are given in the report. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844182","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C.H., 1984, Synthesized flood frequency for small urban streams in Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4182, iii, 24 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844182.","productDescription":"iii, 24 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4182/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58242,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4182/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687cc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C. H.","contributorId":54210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26282,"text":"wri834167 - 1984 - Sediment transport by irrigation return flows in four small drains within the DID-18 drainage of the Sulphur Creek basin, Yakima County, Washington, April 1979 to October 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:29","indexId":"wri834167","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4167","title":"Sediment transport by irrigation return flows in four small drains within the DID-18 drainage of the Sulphur Creek basin, Yakima County, Washington, April 1979 to October 1981","docAbstract":"Suspended sediment, water discharges, and water temperatures were monitored in four small drains in the DID-18 basin of the Sulphur Creek basin, a tributary to the Yakima River, Washington. Water outflow, inflow, and miscellaneous sites were also monitored. The information was used to evaluate the effectiveness of management practices in reducing sediment loads in irrigated areas. This study was one of seven Model Implementation Plan projects selected by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to demonstrate the effectiveness of institutional and administrative implementation of management plans. Sediment discharges from the four basins could not be correlated with changes in management practices, because Imhoff Cone readings collected for the study showed no statistical differences between the three irrigation seasons. However, one drain acted as a sink for sediment where more lands were sprinkler irrigated; this drain had a smaller proportion of row crops than did the other three drains. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834167","usgsCitation":"Boucher, P.R., 1984, Sediment transport by irrigation return flows in four small drains within the DID-18 drainage of the Sulphur Creek basin, Yakima County, Washington, April 1979 to October 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4167, v, 149 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834167.","productDescription":"v, 149 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4167/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55090,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4167/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boucher, P. R.","contributorId":108088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boucher","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30081,"text":"wri844176 - 1984 - Wireline-rotary air coring of the Bandelier Tuff, Los Alamos, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"wri844176","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4176","title":"Wireline-rotary air coring of the Bandelier Tuff, Los Alamos, New Mexico","docAbstract":"This paper describes experiments using wireline-rotary air-coring techniques conducted in the Bandelier Tuff using a modified standard wireline core-barrel system. The modified equipment was used to collect uncontaminated cores of unconsolidated ash and indurated tuff at Los Alamos, New Mexico. Core recovery obtained from the 210-foot deep test hole was about 92 percent. A standard HQ-size, triple-tube wireline core barrel (designed for the passage of liquid drilling fluids) was modified for air coring as follows: (1) Air passages were milled in the latch body part of the head assembly; (2) the inside dimension of the outer core barrel tube was machined and honed to provide greater clearance between the inner and outer barrels; (3) oversized reaming devices were added to the outer core barrel and the coring bit to allow more clearance for air and cuttings return; (4) the eight discharge ports in the coring bit were enlarged. To control airborne-dust pollution, a dust-and-cuttings discharge subassembly, designed and built by project personnel, was used. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844176","usgsCitation":"Teasdale, W., and Pemberton, R., 1984, Wireline-rotary air coring of the Bandelier Tuff, Los Alamos, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4176, iii, 9 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844176.","productDescription":"iii, 9 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4176/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58891,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4176/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4987e4b07f02db5af27b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teasdale, W.E.","contributorId":50177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teasdale","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pemberton, R.R.","contributorId":70441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pemberton","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9751,"text":"ofr84645 - 1984 - Estimation of the sensitivity of CSEM coupling to coil movement and resistivity changes of simple models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:06","indexId":"ofr84645","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-645","title":"Estimation of the sensitivity of CSEM coupling to coil movement and resistivity changes of simple models","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84645","usgsCitation":"Kauahikaua, J., 1984, Estimation of the sensitivity of CSEM coupling to coil movement and resistivity changes of simple models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-645, 18 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84645.","productDescription":"18 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0645/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37500,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0645/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb205","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kauahikaua, Jim","contributorId":47366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":36526,"text":"fwsobs82_10_85 - 1984 - Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Inland stocks of striped bass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:22:28.162891","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_85","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.85","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Inland stocks of striped bass","docAbstract":"The Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) models and instream flow Suitability Index (SI) presented in this publication aid in identifying important variables that determine the quality of striped bass habitat. Facts, ideas, and opinions obtained from published and unpublished reports, a Delphi panel of 18 striped bass experts/authorities, and the Striped Bass Committee, Southern Division, American Fisheries Society, are synthesized and presented in a format that can be used for habitat impact assessment and development of management alternatives.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Crance, J.H., 1984, Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Inland stocks of striped bass: FWS/OBS 82/10.85, viii, 63 p.","productDescription":"viii, 63 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":167273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649eec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crance, Johnie H.","contributorId":9326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crance","given":"Johnie","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":36534,"text":"fwsobs82_10_70 - 1984 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: The Arizona guild and layers of habitat models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:22:03.090106","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_70","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.70","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: The Arizona guild and layers of habitat models","docAbstract":"This document is part of the Habitat Suitability Index Models Series, which provides habitat information useful for impact assessment and habitat management. Both of the models described in this report are based on the significant association of Wildlife species with vegetation structure. The models compare the structure in the study area with the vegetation structure that could potentially occur in thtat study area following land use changes or disturbance. These models provide a low resolution assessment of habitat structure relevant early in the land-use planning process.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Short, H.L., 1984, Habitat Suitability Index Models: The Arizona guild and layers of habitat models: FWS/OBS 82/10.70, viii, 37 p.","productDescription":"viii, 37 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":166087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649751","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Short, Henry L.","contributorId":58695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2583,"text":"wsp2198 - 1984 - A Galerkin finite-element flow model to predict the transient response of a radially symmetric aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:25","indexId":"wsp2198","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2198","title":"A Galerkin finite-element flow model to predict the transient response of a radially symmetric aquifer","docAbstract":"A computer program developed to evaluate radial flow of ground water, such as at a pumping well, recharge basin, or injection well, is capable of simulating anisotropic, inhomogenous, confined, or pseudo-unconfined (constant saturated thickness) conditions. Results compare well with those calculated from published analytical and model solutions. The program is based on the Galerkin finite-element technique. A sample model run is presented to illustrate the use of the program; supplementary material provides the program listing as well as a sample problem data set and output. From the text and other material presented, one can use the program to predict drawdowns from pumping and ground-water buildups from recharge in a radially symmetric ground-water system.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2198","usgsCitation":"Reilly, T.E., 1984, A Galerkin finite-element flow model to predict the transient response of a radially symmetric aquifer: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2198, iv, 33 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2198.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2198/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28857,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2198/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4956e4b0b290850ef11f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, Thomas E. tereilly@usgs.gov","contributorId":1660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Thomas","email":"tereilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":145439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26490,"text":"wri844218 - 1984 - Physical basis and potential estimation techniques for soil erosion parameters in the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:32","indexId":"wri844218","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4218","title":"Physical basis and potential estimation techniques for soil erosion parameters in the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS)","docAbstract":"Simulation of upland-soil erosion by the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System currently requires the user to estimate two rainfall detachment parameters and three hydraulic detachmment paramenters. One rainfall detachment parameter can be estimated from rainfall simulator tests. A reformulation of the rainfall detachment equation allows the second parameter to be computed directly. The three hydraulic detachment parameters consist of one exponent and two coefficients. The initial value of the exponent is generally set equal to 1.5. The two coefficients are functions of the soil 's resistance to erosion and one of the two also accounts for sediment delivery processes not simulated in the model. Initial estimates of these parameters can be derived from other modeling studies or from published empirical relations. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844218","usgsCitation":"Carey, W.P., and Simon, A., 1984, Physical basis and potential estimation techniques for soil erosion parameters in the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4218, iii, 32 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844218.","productDescription":"iii, 32 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4218/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55315,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4218/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685c31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carey, W. P.","contributorId":105749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simon, Andrew","contributorId":78334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27933,"text":"wri834235 - 1984 - An assessment of cumulative impacts of coal mining on the hydrology in part of the Powder River structural basin, Wyoming: A progress report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-09T14:12:54.54617","indexId":"wri834235","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4235","title":"An assessment of cumulative impacts of coal mining on the hydrology in part of the Powder River structural basin, Wyoming: A progress report","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey and the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality are involved in a cooperative effort to assess the probable cumulative impacts of coal mining on the hydrology of a part of the Powder River Structural Basin in Wyoming. It was assumed that the principal impacts on the ground-water system due to mining will occur in the relatively shallow aquifers which can be grouped into three homogeneous aquifers, namely, the Wyodak coal, the overburden, and the under burden. Emphasis of this report is on the results of analysis of surface-water resources in the Caballo Creek drainage. A surface-water model of the Caballo Creek drainage was developed using the Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran model to help assess the impacts of mining activities on streamflow. The Caballo Creek drainage was divided into 10 land segments and 6 stream reaches in the modeling process. Three simulation runs show little, if any, change in streamflow between pre- and post-mining conditions and very little change between pre-mining and during-mining conditions. The principal reason for the absence of change is the high infiltration rate used in the model for all three conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri834235","usgsCitation":"Jordan, P.R., Bloyd, R., and Daddow, P., 1984, An assessment of cumulative impacts of coal mining on the hydrology in part of the Powder River structural basin, Wyoming: A progress report: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4235, iv, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834235.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394363,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35874.htm"},{"id":56748,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4235/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123888,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4235/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.75,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 44.217\n ],\n [\n -105.75,\n 44.217\n ],\n [\n -105.75,\n 44\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684e08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jordan, P. R.","contributorId":7282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bloyd, R. M.","contributorId":34549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bloyd","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daddow, P. B.","contributorId":26700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daddow","given":"P. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2539,"text":"wsp2208 - 1984 - Streamflow augmentation at Fosters Brook, Long Island, New York — A hydraulic feasibility study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T20:41:00.979324","indexId":"wsp2208","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2208","title":"Streamflow augmentation at Fosters Brook, Long Island, New York — A hydraulic feasibility study","docAbstract":"A 27-day streamflow augmentation test was conducted in December 1979 at Fosters Brook, near the south shore of Long Island, to investigate the hydraulic feasibility of pumping ground water to supply flow to an ephemeral stream during dry periods. \r\n\r\nMeasurements of soil moisture in the unsaturated zone beneath the streambed indicate that infiltration rate and soil-moisture content are interrelated. Initial infiltration was measured with a neutron logger; the wetting front traversed the unsaturated zone at an average of 11.2 inches per hour and reached the water table in 5.5 hours. Soil moisture in the unsaturated zone ranged from 20 percent at the start of the test to nearly 41 percent, nearly the saturation point, 20 days later. \r\n\r\nStream discharge was measured at four sites along the stream channel, and the augmentation rate was monitored continuously at the starting point. Infiltration rates increased steadily in all reaches during the first 12 days of the test, but from the 12th to the 20th day, when discharge was increased by 50 percent, infiltration rates decreased along the two upstream reaches but continued to increase along the three downstream reaches. Infiltration rates remained constant from days 20 through 26. \r\n\r\nDuring the first 24 hours of the test, the stream reached a maximum length of 2,050 feet, but after 13 days, it had shortened to 1,300 feet as a result of seepage losses. The relationship between discharge and stream length was linear within the range of discharge investigated (0.54-1.63 cubic feet per second). \r\n\r\nGround-water levels rose in response to flow augmentation and reached a maximum rise of about 6.5 feet in a well situated 14 feet from the center of the streambed and 225 feet downstream from the start of the flow. Measured water-level response was compared to levels predicted by a one-dimensional analytical model and a three-dimensional mathematical model; results indicate that ground-water response is determined principally by streambed characteristics and soil-moisture content in the unsaturated zone. \r\n\r\nVariations in water temperature and in streambed composition had significant effects upon infiltration rates. Changes in water temperature, amount of vegetation, soil-moisture content, and stream stage, combined with local variations in streambed permeability and aquifer conductivity, make accurate prediction of seepage rates virtually impossible at present. Data from this study suggest that site-specific investigations are necessary wherever streamflow augmentation is planned.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2208","usgsCitation":"Prince, K.R., 1984, Streamflow augmentation at Fosters Brook, Long Island, New York — A hydraulic feasibility study: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2208, iv, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2208.","productDescription":"iv, 43 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":28780,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2208/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2208/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":392882,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25440.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fosters Brook, Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.676,\n 40.69\n ],\n [\n -73.664,\n 40.69\n ],\n [\n -73.664,\n 40.701\n ],\n [\n -73.676,\n 40.701\n ],\n [\n -73.676,\n 40.69\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4e87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prince, Keith R. krprince@usgs.gov","contributorId":1413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prince","given":"Keith","email":"krprince@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":145370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27259,"text":"wri844317 - 1984 - Preliminary study of the aquifers of the lower Mesilla Valley in Texas and New Mexico by model simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-29T20:16:34.84596","indexId":"wri844317","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4317","title":"Preliminary study of the aquifers of the lower Mesilla Valley in Texas and New Mexico by model simulation","docAbstract":"The aquifers in the lower Mesilla Valley of Texas and New Mexico provide water for irrigation, industrial use, and municipal supply. At present (1984), the shallow aquifer is used principally for irrigation. The medium-depth aquifer (the top of which is about 160 to 260 feet below land surface) and deep aquifer (about 460 to 680 feet below land surface) are used almost exclusively by the city of El Paso to provide about 28 percent of the city's ground-water withdrawal of about 82,000 acre-feet in 1980; however, a small percentage of the pumpage is from the shallow aquifer. The potential use of the medium-depth and deep aquifers for irrigation, together with a planned increase in pumping by the city, is causing concern on the part of El Paso water planners over the impact of this development on the limited supply from the two aquifers.
\nA three-dimensional digital model of the aquifers was developed to evaluate the responses of water levels to various plans of development, with particular emphasis on the medium-depth and deep aquifers in and near the Canutillo well field. Simulations also were made to show the effect of eliminating seepage from the Rio Grande to the aquifer system.
\nThe model simulations indicate that if pumpage by the city of El Paso during 1^76-80 increases to 10,000 acre-feet, per year from the medium-depth aquifer and to 20,000 acre-feet per year from the deep aquifer, and elsewhere in the study area pumping was held constant at the 1975 rate, then additional lowering of water levels in representative observation wells would be as much as 24 feet in the medium-depth aquifer and as much as 52 feet in the deep aquifer. The water levels would decline sharply during the first few months, after which the levels would become nearly stable because the leakage between the aquifers probably is enough to balance the increased pumpage. The model also indicated that lining of the channel of the Rio Grande would result in an additional lowering of water levels in representative observation wells by 10 feet in the medium-depth aquifer and 8 feet in the deep aquifer.
\nThe accuracy of water levels simulated by a model is dependent on the accuracy and distribution of input data and how well model boundary conditions approximate actual boundary conditions. Because of a lack of hydro!ogic data (especial ly water-1 evel information) everywhere except the Canutillo wellfield area, because the simulated cone of depression reached two boundaries, and because the model contained an error and several deficiencies as explained in the \"Discussion\" section, the simulated results need to be interpreted carefully. The authors believe that the simulated results could be used best as a preliminary and conceptual evaluation of the pumping effects at the Canutillo well field, not as a quantitative interpretation. Although the patterns of simulated hydrographs of water-level change in observation wells in the Canutillo field generally may be correct, the amount of change simulated probably is not correct.
\nBecause the salinity of water in all three aquifers south of Canutillo is greater than elsewhere in the study area, there is potential for movement of this water northward toward the Canutillo well field if the cone of depression reaches that part of the aquifer system. This potential should be evaluated in future geohydrologic studies of the lower Mesilla Valley.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri844317","usgsCitation":"Gates, J.S., White, D., and Leggat, E., 1984, Preliminary study of the aquifers of the lower Mesilla Valley in Texas and New Mexico by model simulation: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4317, v, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844317.","productDescription":"v, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409809,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36158.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":56132,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4317/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4317/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Texas","otherGeospatial":"lower Mesilla Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.583,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -106.633,\n 32\n ],\n [\n -106.633,\n 31.875\n ],\n [\n -106.583,\n 31.875\n ],\n [\n -106.583,\n 32\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa229","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gates, J. S.","contributorId":99553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, D. E.","contributorId":20729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":197812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leggat, E. R.","contributorId":28222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leggat","given":"E. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25426,"text":"wri844127 - 1984 - Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in northeastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"wri844127","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4127","title":"Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in northeastern California","docAbstract":"Results are documented of a study of the cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in northeastern California. Data uses and funding sources were identified for the 127 continuous stream gages currently being operated in the study area. One stream gage was found to have insufficient data use to warrant cooperative Federal funding. Flow-routing and multiple-regression models were used to simulate flows at selected gaging stations. The models may be sufficiently accurate to replace two of the stations. The average standard error of estimate of streamflow records is 12.9 percent. This overall level of accuracy could be reduced to 12.0 percent using computer-recommended service routes and visit frequencies. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844127","usgsCitation":"Hoffard, S., Pearce, V., Tasker, G.D., and Doyle, W., 1984, Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in northeastern California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4127, vi, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844127.","productDescription":"vi, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4127/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54143,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4127/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54144,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683f64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffard, S.H.","contributorId":13269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffard","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, V.F.","contributorId":79506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"V.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":83097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doyle, W.H.","contributorId":9685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25971,"text":"wri844194 - 1984 - Evaluation of the hydrologic system and potential effects of mining in the Dickinson lignite area, eastern slope and western Stark and Hettinger counties, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T15:41:55","indexId":"wri844194","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4194","title":"Evaluation of the hydrologic system and potential effects of mining in the Dickinson lignite area, eastern slope and western Stark and Hettinger counties, North Dakota","docAbstract":"The investigation of the water resources of the Dickinson lignite area, an area of about 500 square miles, was undertaken to define the hydrologic system of the area and to project probable effects of coal mining on the system.
Aquifers occur in sandstone beds in: the Fox Hills Sandstone and the lower Hell Creek Formation of Cretaceous age, the upper Hell Creek Formation of Cretaceous age and the lower Ludlow Member of the Fort Union Formation of Tertiary age, and the upper Ludlow and lower Tongue River Members of the Fort Union Formation of Tertiary age. Aquifers also occur in the sandstone and lignite lenses in the upper Tongue River Member and the Sentinel Butte Member of the Fort Union Formation.
Depths to the Fox Hills-lower Hell Creek aquifer system range from about 1,300 to 1,710 feet. Well yields range from 18 to 100 gallons per minute. The water is soft and is a sodium bicarbonate type. Dissolvedsolids concentrations in samples collected from the aquifer system ranged from 1,230 to 1,690 milligrams per liter.
Depths to the upper Hell Creek-lower Ludlow aquifer system range from about 720 to 1,040 feet. Well yields generally are less than 30 gallons per minute but may be as much as 150 gallons per minute. The water is soft and a sodium bicarbonate type. Dissolved-solids concentrations in samples collected from the aquifer system ranged from 1,010 to 1,450 milligrams per liter.
Depths to the upper Ludlow-lower Tongue River aquifer system range from about 440 to 713 feet. Well yields may range from about 1 to 100 gallons per minute. The water generally is soft and a sodium bicarbonate type but may be moderately hard and a sulfate type in the southwestern part of the area. Dissolved-solids concentrations in samples collected from the aquifer system ranged from 995 to 1,990 milligrams per liter.
Depths to the upper Tongue River-Sentinel Butte aquifer system range from near land surface to about 530 feet below land surface. Well yields generally range from about 1 to 185 gallons per minute. Yields from the lignite parts of the system range from about 2 to 60 gallons per minute. The water generally is a sodium bicarbonate type, but locally sulfate is the dominant anion. Dissolved-solids concentrations in samples collected from the aquifer system generally ranged from 574 to 2,720 milligrams per liter.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844194","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, C.A., 1984, Evaluation of the hydrologic system and potential effects of mining in the Dickinson lignite area, eastern slope and western Stark and Hettinger counties, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4194, Report: v, 35 p.; Plate: 22.55 x 19.31 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844194.","productDescription":"Report: v, 35 p.; Plate: 22.55 x 19.31 inches","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4194/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54717,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4194/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54718,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4194/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Hettinger County, Stark County","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa3b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, C. A.","contributorId":66231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25393,"text":"wri834280 - 1984 - Analysis of the Carmel Valley alluvial ground-water basin, Monterey County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-24T17:16:13","indexId":"wri834280","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4280","title":"Analysis of the Carmel Valley alluvial ground-water basin, Monterey County, California","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional, finite-element, digital model was developed for the Carmel Valley alluvial ground-water basin using measured, computed, and estimated discharge and recharge data for the basin. Discharge data included evapotranspiration by phreatophytes and agricultural, municipal, and domestic pumpage. Recharge data included river leakage, tributary runoff, and pumping return flow. Recharge from subsurface boundary flow and rainfall infiltration was assumed to be insignificant. From 1974 through 1978, the annual pumping rate ranged from 5,900 to 9,100 acre-feet per year with 55 percent allotted to municipal use principally exported out of the valley, 44 percent to agricultural use, and 1 percent to domestic use. The pumpage return flow within the valley ranged from 900 to 1,500 acre-feet per year. The aquifer properties of transmissivity (about 5,900 feet squared per day) and of the storage coefficient (0.19) were estimated from an average alluvial thickness of 75 feet and from less well-defined data on specific capacity and grain-size distribution. During calibration the values estimated for hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient for the lower valley were reduced because of the smaller grain size there. The river characteristics were based on field and laboratory analyses of hydraulic conductivity and on altitude survey data. The model is intended principally for simulation of flow conditions using monthly time steps. Time variations in transmissivity and short-term, highrecharge potential are included in the model. The years 1974 through 1978 (including \"pre-\" and \"post-\" drought) were selected because of the extreme fluctuation in water levels between the low levels measured during dry years and the above-normal water levels measured during the preceding and following wet years. Also, during this time more hydrologic information was available. Significantly, computed water levels were generally within a few feet of the measured levels, and computed flows were close to gaged riverflows for this simulation. However, the nonuniqueness of solutions with respect to different sets of data indicates the model does not necessarily validate the correctness of the individual variables. The model might be improved with additional knowledge of the distribution of confining sediments in the lower end of the valley and the aquifer properties above and below them. The solution algorithm could account for confinement or partial confinement in the lower end of the valley plus contributions from the Tularcitos aquifer.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","doi":"10.3133/wri834280","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Monterey Peninsula Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Kapple, G.W., Mitten, H.T., Durbin, T.J., and Johnson, M.J., 1984, Analysis of the Carmel Valley alluvial ground-water basin, Monterey County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4280, v, 45 p.; 1 Plate: 42 x 58.76 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834280.","productDescription":"v, 45 p.; 1 Plate: 42 x 58.76 inches","numberOfPages":"50","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4280/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":262770,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4280/wri834280_plate1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54125,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4280/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Monterey","otherGeospatial":"Carmel Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.0,36.25 ], [ -122.0,36.75 ], [ -121.5,36.75 ], [ -121.5,36.25 ], [ -122.0,36.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6800a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kapple, Glenn W.","contributorId":89567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kapple","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitten, Hugh T.","contributorId":103652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitten","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Durbin, Timothy J.","contributorId":63373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durbin","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Michael J. johnsonm@usgs.gov","contributorId":2282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michael","email":"johnsonm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25469,"text":"wri834130 - 1984 - Effects of relocating State Route 151 on the flood profiles of Conotton Creek and its tributaries between Bowerston and Scio, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:13","indexId":"wri834130","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4130","title":"Effects of relocating State Route 151 on the flood profiles of Conotton Creek and its tributaries between Bowerston and Scio, Ohio","docAbstract":"The Ohio Department of Transportation proposes to relocate an 8-mile segment of State Route 151 between Bowerston and Scio, Harrison County, Ohio. About 3.1 miles of this relocated highway will be within the flood plain of Conotton Creek or its tributaries. \r\n\r\nWater-surface profiles of the 100-year flood along Conotton Creek before and after the highway relocation are virtually the same between Bowerston and the western corporation limit of Scio. Upstream from that point to the upper end of the study reach, the modified profile would be about 1 foot lower than for existing conditions. Design-flood profiles on the three studied tributaries showed that Dining Fork profiles will be unaffected, Irish Creek profiles will be 0.7 to 0.9 foot lower, and Scott Run profiles will be 0.1 to 0.5 foot lower.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834130","usgsCitation":"Bartlett, W., Krejmas, B., Mayo, R., and Wandle, S.W., 1984, Effects of relocating State Route 151 on the flood profiles of Conotton Creek and its tributaries between Bowerston and Scio, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4130, v, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834130.","productDescription":"v, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4130/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54195,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4130/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6119a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartlett, W.P.","contributorId":76780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartlett","given":"W.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krejmas, B. E.","contributorId":88374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krejmas","given":"B. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayo, R.I.","contributorId":58277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayo","given":"R.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wandle, S. W.","contributorId":86789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wandle","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25898,"text":"wri824073 - 1984 - Runoff, sediment transport, and water quality in a northern Illinois agricultural watershed before urban development, 1979-81","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:29","indexId":"wri824073","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-4073","title":"Runoff, sediment transport, and water quality in a northern Illinois agricultural watershed before urban development, 1979-81","docAbstract":"A study designed to quantify and evaluate changes in runoff and sediment transport attributable to construction activities during urban development of a watershed required identification of pre-construction hydrologic conditions. Data collected before construction on a 2.81 sq m (7.28 sq km) agricultural watershed (upper Spring Creek) near Rockford, IL, show that during a 2-year period ending June 30, 1981, 2,890 tons (2,620 Mg) of suspended sediment were transported from the watershed. Of the 2 ,890 tons (2,620 Mg), 2,690 tons (2,440 Mg) or 93.1 % were transported during a storm in a 46.6-hour period of June 13-14, 1981. Runoff from a 0.031 sq m (0.080 sq km) subbasin (Spring Creek tributary) transported 33.9 tons (30.9 Mg) of suspended sediment during a 3.2-hour storm period on June 13, 1981. Regression models relating storm suspended-sediment yields and peak-water discharge per square mile for upper Spring Creek and Spring Creek tributary have average standard errors of 57 and 24 %, respectively. Trace amounts of currently banned pesticides, including Aldrin and DDT, were detected in streambed material samples. Documented sediment yields, chemical quality, and relations between runoff and sediment discharge provide baseline information for future evaluation of hydrologic conditions in the watershed. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri824073","usgsCitation":"Allen, H., and Gray, J.R., 1984, Runoff, sediment transport, and water quality in a northern Illinois agricultural watershed before urban development, 1979-81: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-4073, vii, 55 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri824073.","productDescription":"vii, 55 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54658,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5face6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, H.E. Jr.","contributorId":63054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"H.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, J. R.","contributorId":63372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28589,"text":"wri844007 - 1984 - Simulated ground-water flow in the Potomac aquifers, New Castle County, Delaware","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri844007","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4007","title":"Simulated ground-water flow in the Potomac aquifers, New Castle County, Delaware","docAbstract":"Flow in three aquifers of the Potomac Formation in New Castle County, Delaware, was simulated. Results of the calibrated flow model show the maximum transmissivity of the lower aquifer is between 1,000 and 1,500 square feet per day; the middle aquifer, between 3,000 and 3,500 square feet per day; and the upper aquifer, between 5,000 and 6,000 square feet per day. Vertical leakance values for the three confining beds are similar and range 1 x 10 to the (1-8) power per day in downdip areas and .01 per day in subcrop areas. A storage coefficient of 0.00056 was used for each aquifer. A specific storage value of 0.000006 per foot was used for each confining bed. Estimated storage coefficients were not changed during calibration. Changes in water levels resulting from five scenarios of future pumpage were evaluated. Results of these simulations show: (1) the reduction in pumpage at Amoco causing a 120 foot local recovery of heads; (2) water levels generally will change less than 25 feet if there is no change in pumpage; (3) proposed pumpage in western Delaware may cause drawdowns below the tops of the aquifers; and (4) expected increases in pumpage would cause the greatest head decline, about 40 feet, in the lower aquifer at Getty. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844007","usgsCitation":"Martin, M., 1984, Simulated ground-water flow in the Potomac aquifers, New Castle County, Delaware: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4007, vii, 85 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844007.","productDescription":"vii, 85 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4007/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57417,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4007/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57418,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4007/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611d12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Mary","contributorId":7290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Mary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28167,"text":"wri844078 - 1984 - Appraisal of the water resources of the eastern part of the Tulare aquifer, Beadle, Hand, and Spink Counties, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:50","indexId":"wri844078","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4078","title":"Appraisal of the water resources of the eastern part of the Tulare aquifer, Beadle, Hand, and Spink Counties, South Dakota","docAbstract":"A system of glacial outwash aquifers lie in the central James Valley in east-central South Dakota. Within this system, the eastern part of the Tulare aquifer, which has an area of approximately 681 square miles, was simulated by means of a numerical ground-water flow model. The model estimates the yearly average recharge rate for that part of the aquifer lying west of the James River to be approximately 23,000 acre-feet per year. This rate is considerably more than the estimated 1978 yearly average irrigation pumpage rate of 9,800 acre-feet per year. It is expected that, since pumping will reduce discharge from the aquifer through evapotranspiration and flow to the James River, this part of the aquifer would be able to supply irrigation water at recent pumpage rates for an indefinite period. For that part of the aquifer lying east of the river, estimated recharge is 6,800 acre-feet per year; a rate slightly smaller than the estimated 1978 yearly average irrigation pumpage rate of 7,200 acre-feet per year. It is estimated that this part of the aquifer would be able to supply irrigation water at 7,200 acre-feet per year for approximately 50 years, at which time excessive drawdown would begin to cause reduced well yields at several locations. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Section, Western Distribution Branch, USGS [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri844078","usgsCitation":"Kuiper, L., 1984, Appraisal of the water resources of the eastern part of the Tulare aquifer, Beadle, Hand, and Spink Counties, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4078, v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844078.","productDescription":"v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4078/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57001,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a31b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuiper, L.K.","contributorId":34557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuiper","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":36586,"text":"fwsobs82_10_67 - 1984 - Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Warmouth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:17:57.101849","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_67","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.67","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Warmouth","docAbstract":"The wa rmouth (Lepomi s gul osus) occurs naturally throughout the central and southeastern United States. It is distributed throughout Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri, north to southern Wisconsin, lower Michigan, Lake Erie, and western Pennsylvania, and south to Florida and west through the Gulf States to the Rio Grande (Hubbs and Lagler 1947; Larimore 1957). It has been introduced into California (Hubble 1966; Moyle 1976), Arizona (Minckley 1973), and other western states (Smith 1896).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"McMahon, T., Gebhart, G., Maughan, O.E., and Nelson, P.C., 1984, Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Warmouth: FWS/OBS 82/10.67, vi, 21 p.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":165687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649e53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, Thomas E.","contributorId":93548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gebhart, Glen","contributorId":52237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gebhart","given":"Glen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maughan, O. Eugene","contributorId":43006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maughan","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eugene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, Patrick C.","contributorId":68799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25831,"text":"wri834092 - 1984 - Water-quality assessment of the Illinois River basin, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri834092","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4092","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Illinois River basin, Arkansas","docAbstract":"A water-quality assessment was made of Illinois River, Muddy Fork, Spring Creek, and Osage Creek in northwest Arkansas. Data were collected to calibrate and verify steady-state digital, stream, water-quality models. The models were then used to simulate changes in instream diel-minimum dissolved-oxygen resulting from changes in nutrient loading. The city of Fayetteville proposes to divert part of its projected wastewater-treatment plant discharge to Illinois River. Muddy Fork, Spring Creek, and Osage Creek currently received effluent from the cities of Prairie Grove, Springdale, and Rogers, respectively. The diel-minimum dissolved-oxygen standard for each of these streams is 4.0 mg/L under projected loadings. Data collected indicate that none of the four streams meet Arkansas state standards for diel-minimum dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, and fecal coliform bacteria. Computed dissolved-oxygen deficits indicate that benthal demand is the principal reason for dissolved-oxygen not meeting standards. Model simulations indicate that Spring Creek and Osage Creek can meet dissolved oxygen standards with stringent effluent limits imposed at the inspecting waste water-treatment plants; Muddy Fork and Illinois River can not. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834092","usgsCitation":"Terry, J.E., Morris, E.E., Petersen, J.C., and Darling, M., 1984, Water-quality assessment of the Illinois River basin, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4092, 435 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834092.","productDescription":"435 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4092/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54579,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4092/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6f06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terry, J. E.","contributorId":87930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terry","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morris, E. E.","contributorId":93493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petersen, Jim C.","contributorId":43816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Jim","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Darling, M.E.","contributorId":82355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darling","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1971,"text":"wsp2252 - 1984 - Use of the routing procedure to study dye and gas transport in the West Fork Trinity River, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:24","indexId":"wsp2252","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2252","title":"Use of the routing procedure to study dye and gas transport in the West Fork Trinity River, Texas","docAbstract":"Rhodamine-WT dye, ethylene, and propane were injected at three sites along a 21.6-kilometer reach of the West Fork Trinity River below Fort Worth, Texas. Complete dye concentration versus time curves and peak gas concentrations were measured at three cross sections below each injection. The peak dye concentrations were located and samples were collected at about three-hour intervals for as many as six additional cross sections. These data were analyzed to determine the longitudinal dispersion coefficients as well as the gas desorption coefficients using both standard techniques and a numerical routing procedure. \r\n\r\nThe routing procedure, using a Lagrangian transport model to minimize numerical dispersion, provided better estimates of the dispersion coefficient than did the method of moments. At a steady flow of about 0.76 m2/s, the dispersion coefficient varied from about 0.7 m2/s in a reach contained within a single deep pool to about 2.0 m2/s in a reach containing riffles and small pools. \r\n\r\nThe bulk desorption coefficients computed using the routing procedure and the standard peak method were essentially the same. The liquid film coefficient could also be obtained using the routing procedure. Both the bulk desorption coefficient and the liquid film coefficient were much smaller in the pooled reach than in the reaches containing riffles.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2252","usgsCitation":"Jobson, H.E., and Rathbun, R.E., 1984, Use of the routing procedure to study dye and gas transport in the West Fork Trinity River, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2252, iv, 21 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2252.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2252/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27347,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2252/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa28e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jobson, Harvey E.","contributorId":27032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rathbun, R. E.","contributorId":61796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":36587,"text":"fwsobs82_10_68 - 1984 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: American black duck (wintering)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:17:29.070511","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_68","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.68","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: American black duck (wintering)","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe American black duck, commonly known as the black duck, is migratory and has a wide geographic range. American black ducks breed from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, west to the Mississippi River and north through the eastern Canadian boreal forest (Bellrose 1976). The winter range extends from the Rio Grande River on the Texas coast, northeast to Lake Michigan, east to Nova Scotia, south to Florida, and west to Texas (Wright 1954).\r\n\r\nAmerican black ducks arrive on their wintering habitats between September and early December and remain there until February to April (Bellrose 1976). Their preferred habitat varies considerably through the wintering range. Habitat use appears related to food availability, freedom from disturbance, weather, and often upon the presence of large bodies of open water. These interrelated elements are essential for meeting the energy demands and other nutritional requirements of black ducks in response to the rigors of cold weather and migration.\r\n\r\nIn the Atlantic Flyway, winter populations of American black ducks concentrate in marine and estuarine wetlands (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1979). They use salt marshes and small tidal bays for feeding and loafing areas. In wintering areas north of Chesapeake Bay, American black ducks frequently feed on tidal flats and rest in emergent wetlands or on ice-free bays, rivers, and coastal reservoirs. In the Chesapeake bay area, migrant and wintering American black ducks occupy a wide variety of habitats (Stewart 1962). They strongly favor brackish bays with extensive adjacent agricultural lands. Estuarine bays, coastal salt marshes, tidal fresh marshes, and adjacent impoundments receive high usage. American black ducks also concentrate in forested wetlands in and adjacent to estuaries in the South Atlantic Flyway, especially in Virginia and North Carolina.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Lewis, J., and Garrison, R.L., 1984, Habitat Suitability Index Models: American black duck (wintering): FWS/OBS 82/10.68, vi, 16 p.","productDescription":"vi, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":165688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649e12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, James C.","contributorId":88799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"James C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garrison, Russell L.","contributorId":107346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrison","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}